2018年高考英语一轮复习Unit2Workingtheland高考题(含解析)新人教版必修4

Unit 2 Working the land
说明文
文章介绍了现代艺术大师Salvador
Dali的作品展。

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6分钟
Salvador Dali (1904-1989) was one of the most popular of modern artists. The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more. Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory. There is also L’Enigme sans Fin from 1938, works on paper, objects, and projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television programmes reflecting the artist’s showman qualities.
The visitor will enter the World of Dali through an egg and is met with the beginning, the world of birth. The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.
The exhibition shows how Dali draws the viewer between two infinities (无限).＂From the infinity small to the infinity large, contraction and expansion coming in and out of focus: amazing Flemish accuracy and the showy Baroque of old painting that he used in his museum-theatre in Figueras,＂ explains the Pompidou Centre.
The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration (合作)with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg.
28．Which of the following best describe Dali according to Paragraph 1?
A. Optimistic.
B. Productive.
C. Generous.
D. Traditional.
29．What is Dali’s The Persistence of Memory considered to be?
A. One of his masterworks.
B. A successful screen adaptation.
2015年新课标I·C
C. An artistic creation for the stage.
D. One of the beat TV programmes. 30．How are the exhibits arranged at the World of Dali?
A. By popularity.
B. By importance.
C. By size and shape.
D. By time and subject.
31．What does the word＂contributions＂ in the last paragraph refer to?
A. Artworks.
B. Projects.
C. Donations.
D. Documents.
【文章大意】本文介绍了现代艺术大师Salvador Dali的作品展。

28. B 【解析】推理判断题。

根据第一段中的＂The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing
its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and
more.＂可知，这次展览展出了
Salvador Dali的200多件作品，由此可推知他是一个
作品非常多的艺术家，故选B。

故选A。

30. D 【解析】细节理解题。

根据第二段中的＂The exhibition follows a path of time and
subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.＂可知，这次展览是以时间和主题为顺序的，故选D。

31. A 【解析】词义猜测题。

artwork作品；project项目；donation捐赠；document文件。

根据最后一段可知，这次展览的作品选择是与马德里的Museo Nacional Reina Sofia 合作完成，另外还有来自于其他一些机构的作品。

故选A。

说明文文章介绍阳光充足的咖啡生产给环境
和生态带来的种种危害，呼吁人们不
要购买这种咖啡，而要买对环境有利
的产品。

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7分钟2015年陕西·C
The production of coffee beans is a huge, profitable business, but, unfortunately, full-sun production is taking over the industry and bringing about a lot of damage. The change in how coffee is grown from shade-grown production to full-sun production endangers the very existence of certain animals and birds, and even disturbs the world’s ecological balance.
On a local level, the damage of the forest required by full-sun fields affects the area’s birds and animals. The shade of the forest trees provides a home for birds and other species(物种)that depend on the trees’ flowers and fruits. Full-sun coffee growers destroy this forest home. As a result, many species are quickly dying out.
On a more global level, the destruction of the rainforest for full-sun coffee fields also threatens(威胁)human life. Medical research often makes use of the forests’ plant and animal life, and the destruction of such species could prevent researchers from finding cures for certain diseases. In addition, new coffee-growing techniques are poisoning the water locally, and eventually the world’s groundwater.
Both locally and globally, the continued spread of full-sun coffee plantations(种植园)could mean the destruction of the rainforest ecology. The loss of shade trees is already causing a slight change in the world’s climate, and studies show that the loss of oxygen-giving trees also leads to air pollution and global warming. Moreover, the new growing techniques are contributing to acidic(酸性的)soil conditions.
It is obvious that the way much coffee is grown affects many aspects of life, from the local environment to the global ecology. But consumers do have a choice. They can purchase shade-grown coffee whenever possible, although at a higher cost. The future health of the planet and mankind is surely worth more than an inexpensive cup of coffee.
54．What can we learn about full-sun coffee production from Paragraph 4?
A.It limits the spread of new growing techniques.
B.It leads to air pollution and global warming.
C.It slows down the loss of shade trees.
D.It improves local soil conditions.
55．The purpose of the text is to .
A. entertain
B. advertise
C. instruct
D. persuade 56．Where does this text probably come from?
A. An agricultural magazine.
B. A medical journal.
C. An engineering textbook.
D. A tourist guide.
57．Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?
(P:Paragraph)
【文章大意】文章介绍阳光充足的咖啡生产给环境和生态带来的种种危害，呼吁人们不要购买这种咖啡，而要买对环境有利的产品。

55. D 【解析】写作意图题。

根据文章最后一段的句子＂But consumers do have a choice.
They can purchase shade-grown coffee whenever possible, although at a higher cost.＂可知作者的意图是劝说人们购买阴凉处种植的咖啡，这样对环境是有好处的。

故选D。

56. A 【解析】推理判断题。

文章介绍阳光充足的咖啡生产会带来的破坏，应该是出自农业
杂志，故选A。

57. A 【解析】文章结构题。

文章第一段介绍阳光充足的咖啡生产的话题，二、三、四段介
绍了阳光充足的咖啡生产带来的破坏，第五段说服人们去购买对环境有利的阴凉处种植的咖啡，所以是总分总的结构，故选A。

2012年江苏·B
说明文文章主要介绍了美国在农业方面面临农民人
数少，年龄偏大的问题，同时还缺少专业的大
学生从事农业生产。

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10分钟
Deputy Agriculture Secretary Kathleen Merrigan sees an epidemic (流行病) sweeping across America’s farmland. It has little to do with the usual challenges, such as flood, rising fuel prices and crop-eating insects. The country’s farmers are getting older, and there are fewer people standing in line to take their place. National agricultural census (普查) figures show that the fastest-growing group of farmers is the part over 65. Merrigan is afraid the average age will be even higher when the 2012 statistics are completed.
Merrigan, a former college professor, is making stops at universities across the country in hopes of encouraging more students to think about careers in agriculture. Aside from trying to stop the graying of America’s farmers, her work is made tougher by a recent blog posting that put agriculture at No. 1 on a list of ＂useless＂ college degrees. Top federal agriculture officials are talking about the posting, and it has the attention of agricultural organizations across the country.
＂There couldn’t be anything that’s more incorrect,＂ Merrigan said. ＂We know that there aren’t enough qualified graduates to fill the jobs that are out there in American agriculture.＂
In addition, a growing world population that some experts predict will require 70% more food production by 2050, she said.
＂I truly believe we’re at a golden age of agriculture. Global demand is at an all-time record high, and global supplies are at all-time record lows,＂ said Matt Rush, director of the Texas Farm Bureau. ＂Production costs are going to be valuable enough that younger people are going to have the opportunity to be involved in agriculture. ＂
The Department of Agriculture has programs aimed at developing more farmers and at increasing interest in locally grown food. The National Young Farmers’ Coalition
has also been pushing for state and federal policy changes to make it easier for new farmers.
Ryan Best, president of Future Farmers of America, has been living out of a suitcase, traveling the country and visiting with high school students about careers in agriculture. The 21-year-old Best hopes his message — that this
is a new time in agriculture — will motivate the next generation to turn around the statistics. ＂Never before have we had the innovations (创新) in technology which have led to agriculture in this country being the most efficient it has ever been,＂he said. ＂There’s really a place for everybody to fit in.＂
59．What is the new challenge to American agriculture?
A. Fewer and older farmers.
B. Higher fuel prices.
C. More natural disasters.
D. Lower agricultural output. 60．Why is Merrigan visiting universities across the country?
A. To draw federal agriculture officials’ attention.
B. To select qualified agriculture graduates.
C. To clarify a recent blog posting.
D. To talk more students into farming careers.
61．According to Matt Rush, American agriculture will provide opportunities for younger people because .
A. the government will cover production costs
B. global food supplies will be even lower
C. investment in agriculture will be profitable
D. America will increase its food export
62．What do the underlined words ＂to turn around the statistics＂ in the last paragraph mean?
A. To re-analyze the result of the national census.
B. To increase agricultural production.
C. To bring down the average age of farmers.
D. To invest more in agriculture.
【文章大意】文章主要介绍了美国在农业方面面临农民人数少，年龄偏大的问题，同时还
缺少专业的大学生从事农业生产。

59. A 【解析】考查细节理解。

根据第一段的第三句＂The country’s farmers are getting
older, and there are fewer people standing in line to take their place. ＂可知,越来越少的人从事农业工作，且农民的岁数越来越大，故选A。

61. C 【解析】考查推理判断。

根据第五段中的＂Global demand is at an all-time record
high, and global supplies
are at all-time record lows...in agriculture. ＂可推知，Matt Rush认为，美国农业将为年轻人提供许多机会是因为投资农业会带来收益。

62. C 【解析】考查词义推测。

最后一段第二句中的＂this is a new time in agriculture
— will motivate the next generation＂表示的是＂农业的新时代将会激励下一代来参与＂，即农民的平均年龄将会年轻化，故C项正确。