高中英语 小题狂刷20 Unit 5 Learning about Language Using L

小题狂刷20 Unit 5 Learning about Language Using Language Grammar Writing
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1.Clean water is a kind of (珍贵的) resource.
2.Police (射中) the murderer and he died.
3.I couldn’t express my (感激) with my words.
4.He fell down and became (失去知觉) for hours.
5.A bomb exploded in the village, causing (恐慌) among people.
6.Basic human rights are now (保障) in our country.
7.He was a bit (担心) about the safety of his daughter.
8.The thief (颤抖) with terror when questioned about the case.
9.There is a (多种多样) of flowers in the garden.
10.She wiped the (汗水) from her face.
【答案】
Ⅱ.句型转换
1. Because he was ill, he didn’t go to school.
, he didn’t go to school.
2. When she was walking along the street one day, she met an old friend of hers.
the street one day, she met an old friend of hers.
3. If it is sunny, we’ll go for a picnic tomorrow.
, we’ll go for a picnic tomorrow.
4. After she had finished her homework, the little girl began to watch TV.
her homework, the little girl began to watch TV.
5. Because they had been warned by the teacher, they didn’t make such mistakes.
by the teacher, they didn’t make such mistakes.
6. When she heard the terrible noise, she turned around immediately.
________ the terrible noise, she turned around immediately.
7. If you turn to the left, you’ll find the school.
________ to the left, you’ll find the school.
8. As she had been bitten by a snake, she was frightened at it.
________ ________ ________ by a snake, she was frightened at it.
9. Although he had failed several times, he didn’t lose hope.
________ ________ several times, he didn’t lose hope.
10. The child slipped and fell, so that he hit his head against the door.
The child slipped and fell, (thus) ________ his head against the door.
【答案】
Ⅲ. 根据汉语意思完成句子
1. 由于生病，我不得不待在家里。

________ ________, I had to stay at home.
2. 他把咖啡杯掉在地上，摔得粉碎。

He dropped the coffee cup, ________ ________ ________ ________.
3. 从山上看，我们发现这湖泊更加漂亮了。

________ ________ ________ ________, we find that the lake looks more beautiful.
4. 听到这个消息我们都高兴得跳了起来。

________ ________ ________, we all jumped with joy.
5. 杰克完成作业后，外出散步。

________ ________ ________ ________, Jack went out for a walk.
6. 她十分惊慌，以为自己把入场券丢了。

She when she thought she'd lost the tickets.
7. 我醒来时发现大家都走了。

I woke up ．
8. 据说乡下的空气要比城里更清新。

the air in the countryside is clearer than that in the city.
9. 他急于知道出了什么事。

He what had happened.
10. 我们不能保证火车在雾天正点到达。

We cannot of trains in foggy weather.
【答案】
1.Being ill
2.breaking it into pieces
3.Seeing from the hill
4.Hearing the news
5. Having finished his homework
6.got into a panic
7.only to find everybody had gone 8.It is said that
9.was anxious to know 10.guarantee the punctual arrival
Ⅳ. 单项填空
1. Don’t waste your ________ time chatting online all day long. It’s high time you got down to business.
A. miserable
B. constant
C. temporary
D. precious
【答案】D
2. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ________ the film stars had left.
A. to tell
B. to be told
C. telling
D. told
【答案】B
【解析】only to do作结果状语时，表示预料之外的结果。

句意：新闻记者匆忙赶到机场，结果却被告知影星已离开了。

3. Tom was hit on the head by the robber and was knocked ________.
A. uncomfortable
B. unconditional
C. unaware
D. unconscious
【答案】D
【解析】unconscious＂失去知觉的＂；knock/beat sb. unconscious＂把某人打晕＂。

uncomfortable＂不舒服的＂；unconditional＂无条件的＂；unaware＂未察觉的＂。

4. Having eaten too much meat, he felt ________ so he had to see a doctor.
A. comfortable
B. uncomfortable
C. unforgettable
D. unable
【答案】B
5. Unluckily，he was ________ in the battle, for which his mother was in deep sorrow.
A. accused
B. shot
C. treated
D. assisted
【答案】B
【解析】shoot＂射中，射伤＂。

句意：不幸的是，他在战斗中牺牲，为此他的母亲悲痛欲绝。

accuse ＂指责，谴责，控告＂；treat＂治疗，对待，款待＂；assist＂帮助，协助，援助＂。

6. As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not ________, and asked myself what I was going to do.
A. moved
B. moving
C. has been moved
D. being moved
【答案】B
【解析】句意：当灯变绿的时候，我在那里站了一会儿，一动不动，问自己将要做什么＂，stood和asked 是并列关系，I与move之间是主动关系，此处moving是现在分词作伴随状语。

7. As a result of the serious flood, two­thirds of the buildings in the area ________.
A. need repairing
B. needs to repair
C. needs repairing
D. need to repair
【答案】A
【解析】考查动名词作宾语的用法。

need后可加动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式，主语是复数形式，故选A项。

句意：由于遭受严重的洪水，这个地区三分之二的建筑需要维修。

8. ________ his homework made his father very angry.
A. The boy’s no t having finished
B. The boy’s having not finished
C. The boy not having finished
D. The boy having not finished
【答案】A
【解析】非谓语动词的否定形式为：not＋非谓语动词，所以排除B、D两项；动名词复合结构作主语时必须用所有格的形式，不能用宾格或者普通格的形式，所以也可排除C项。

9. It is difficult to imagine his ________ the decision without any consideration.
A. to accept
B. accept
C. accepting
D. accepted
【答案】C
【解析】考查imagine后用动名词复合结构作宾语。

Accept和he之间为主动关系，故用动词-ing形式。

10. Peter received a letter just now ________ his grandma would come to see him.
A. said
B. says
C. saying
D. to say
【答案】C
【解析】考查现在分词作伴随状语的用法。

句意为＂彼得刚才收到了一封信，信中说他的祖母要来看他＂。

C项是现在分词作伴随状语，说明letter的情况，排除A项和B项；D项是不定式作目的状语。

11. The supermarket _______ next month will be the biggest one in the city.
A. completed
B. being completed
C. to be completed
D. having been completed
【答案】C
12. —You look sleepy today.
—_______ not to miss the flight, I didn’t dare to close my eyes the whole night.
A. Reminded
B. Being reminded
C. Reminding
D. Having reminded
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词中的过去分词的用法。

分析题目，可知本题非谓语动词的主语为＂I＂，根据题意得知，与选项＂remind＂构成被动关系，并且＂提醒＂是过去而不是现在的动作，因此选择过去分词＂reminded＂。

故选A。

13. _______Wuhu with Shanghai, to be frank，and you’ll find it’s more convenient to live in the former.
A. To compare
B. Comparing
C. Compare
D. Compared
【答案】C
【解析】句意：坦率地讲，把武汉和上海相比，你就会发现住在前面那座城市中更方便。

此题考查的是特殊句式：祈使句+ and + 分句。

故选C。

14. Meyer and his team were the first _______ how the disease spreads from
animals to humans.
A. showing
B. show
C. to show
D. shown
【答案】C
15. When effectively _______, the feedback we share with students or employees can develop their
awareness of their own learning.
A. managing
B. being managed
C. managed
D. to manage
【答案】C
【解析】主语the feedback和动词manage之间是动宾关系，要用过去分词managed作状语，本处相当于一个条件状语从句when the feedback is effectively managed，故选C。

Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
We all know the feeling of walking into an air-conditioned office building on a hot summer day. It’s 94℉outside. It’s 64℉ inside. Suddenly, you need a knit sweater just to sit at your desk. I know someone who used to bring a space heater to work—i n August.
Aside from being uncomfortable, this is horrifically inefficient. The low hum of the air conditioner is the sound of coal being burned and money being spent to make you miserable at work. BuildingIQ is trying to change that. Their secret weapon? Machine learning.
The company has developed cloud-based software that gathers information about a building and uses it to build a thermal model (热模型). That model can predict how much or how little energy
is needed to keep the people inside comfortable by analyzing factors like indoor temperature and pressure, electricity consumption, the weather forecast, the price of electricity, and therefore tailors heating and air conditioning for maximum energy efficiency.
Thanks to a recent cooperation, BuildingIQ will soon take human preferences into account. Changes to heating and air conditioning are always influenced by the limits of human comfort, and those limits vary from person to person. This data will be added into the thermal model. Imagine a retirement home where the occupants are always too cold. If the system knows this, it will reduce the air conditioning in the summer to keep grandma and grandpa nice and warm.
How well does it work? BuildingIQ says it regularly saves between 10 and 25 percent on heating and air conditioning, the two items that make up 50 or 60 percent of a building’s total energy use. The software will help cut energy bills and improve comfort all while reducing our reliance on fossil fuels. It won’t be long before you can leave your space heater at home.
1. In Paragraph 1, the author intends to .
A. complain about the coldness in air-conditioned offices
B. describe the harmful effects of an unhealthy lifestyle
C. criticize some people’s unawareness to save energy
D. indicate the low efficiency of the old way of air conditioning
2. According to the article, what does the “thermal model” do?
A. Gathering information about a building’s history.
B. Learning about machines that heat a building.
C. Predicting the amount of air conditioning needed.
D. Analyzing the physical fitness of people inside.
3. The underlined word “tailor” can be best replaced by .
A. limit
B. adjust
C. expand
D. prevent
4. What is the main idea of Paragraph 4?
A. BuildingIQ is going to be experimented at retirement homes.
B. BuildingIQ will also analyze human temperature preferences.
C. People have different preferences for temperature and comfort.
D. The limits of human comfort vary and change at different ages.
【语篇解读】针对传统空调的低效使用问题，Building IQ公司研发了一种软件解决该问题。

1. D【解析】推理判断题。

文章第一段提到炎热的夏季人们进入写字楼时需要穿毛衣或加热器，表明对空调的低效使用，故选D项。

B
Rainforests, it turns out, are not created equal. Take the Amazon rainforest, an area that covers about 7 million square kilometers. But within that huge expanse are all kinds of ecological zones, and some of these zones, says Greg Asner, are a lot more crowded than others.
“Some forests have many species of trees,” he said, “others ha ve few. Many forests are unique from others in terms of their overall species composition…” And all of these different small areas of forest exist within the giant space that is the Amazon Rainforest.
So Asner, using the signature technique called airborne laser-guided imaging spectroscopy, began to map these different zones from the air. “By mapping the traits of tropical forests from above,” he explains, “we are, for the first time, able to understand how forest composition varies geographically.”
The results show up in multicolored maps, with each color representing different kinds of species, different kinds of trees, the different kinds of chemical they are producing and using, and even the amount of biodiversity, the animal and plant species that live within each zone.
Armed with this information, Asner says decision-makers now have “a first-time way to decide whether any given forest geography is protected well enough or not. If not, then new protections can be put in place to save a given forest fr om destruction.”
Asner says the information is a great way for decision-makers to develop a “cost-benefit ratio type analysis.” Conservation efforts can be expensive, so armed with this information, government leaders can ensure they are making the most of their conservation dollars by focusing on areas that are the most biologically diverse or unique.
The next step, Asner says, is to take his project global, and to put his eyes even higher
in the sky, on orbital satellites. “The technique we developed an d applied to map Peru is ready to go global.” Asner said. “We want to put the required instrumentation on an Earth-orbiting satellite, to map the planet every month, which will give the best possible view of how the world’s biodiversity is changing, and where to put much needed protections.
5. Unequally-created rainforests refer to the fact______.
A. how crowded they are
B. where they are located
C. when they came into being
D. what kinds of species they have
6. What can government leaders learn from Asner’s mapping?
A. The cost to conserve forests
B. The chemicals needing for certain forests
C. The forest areas needing special protection
D. The number of animals living in a forest
7. What is Asner planning to do now?
A. To send a satellite to map the world
B. To track the change of biodiversity in the world
C. To develop technology for mapping the globe
D. To advertise his project around the world
8. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. Using eyes in the sky to map biodiversity
B. Making a map of big forests in the world
C. Learning about the biodiversity of Amazon forest
D. Protecting the forest from being destructed.
【语篇解读】一片热带雨林不同于其他地方主要在于各自区域内的树木物种不一样。

Asner和其团队利用现代化科技监控全世界范围内森林区域生物多样性的变化，进行测绘。

6. C【解析】推理判断题。

根据文章倒数第二段中“Conservation efforts can be expensive, so armed with this information, government leaders can ensure they are making the most of their conservation dollars by focusing on areas that are the most biologically diverse or unique. 和倒数第一段中“Asner said. “We want to put the required instrumentation on an Earth-orbiting satellite, to map the planet every month, which will give the best possible view of how the world’s biodiversity is changing, and where to put much needed protections.”可知，某些森林区域需要特殊保护。

故选C。

Ⅱ. 完形填空
One day after school I was just finishing up some math homework. My dad came back from work and sat right beside me, 1 over my homework with me. We made corrections 2 . After that we 3 and my dad said,” I will always 4 every moment spending time talking w ith you”.
I remember my Dad telling me his stories of when he was 5 . My dad didn’t have a father 6 . He was always moving from place to place with my 7 . My dad wasn’t the easiest kid to 8 . He would 9 with kids at school, which made my grandma worr ied. He’d act out to release the anger he had from not having his father present in his 10 and teenage years.
At high school, things got a little 11 . He made a football team, he did well and didn’t get into as much 12 as before. He also made many friends. 13 those friends was my uncle. My Dad and Uncle were friends all throughout high school. It was through my uncle 14 my Mom and Dad met 15 . Later, they got married. After I was born, my dad felt that becoming a 16 was an honor and that he would not be 17 in my life.
I suddenly looked up to see my Dad 18 at me. I could see in my Dad’s eyes how he longed for a 19 like this. I continued to do my math homework and 20 my Dad say,” I love you, always”.
1. A. taking B. looking C. getting D. handing
2. A. equally B. instead C. together D. hardly
3. A. thought B. planned C. listened D. talked
4. A. waste B. organize C. treasure D. choose
5. A. young B. old C. tired D. poor
6. A. growing up B. turning up
C. settling down
D. breaking away
7. A. mom B. uncle C. grandpa D. grandma
8. A. connect B. handle C. change D. recognize
9. A. fight B. dance C. compete D. study
10. A. struggling. B. travelling C. childhood D. adulthood
11. A. harder B. easier C. worse D. larger
12. A. trouble B. debt C. sadness D. anxiety
13. A. Between B. Apart from C. Among D. As for
14. A. who B. when C. how D. that
15. A. practically B. officially C. especially D. entirely
16. A. father B. mother C. fighter D. student
17. A. present B. different C. absent D. strict
18. A. glaring B. pointing C. aiming D. smiling
19. A. appearance B. relationship C. background D. behavior
20. A. felt B. found C. heard D. made
【语篇解读】作者的父亲因为在童年和青少年时期都没有父亲的陪伴，心灵造成很大的创伤。

直到作者的父亲有一天自己当了父亲，继而倍加珍惜和作者在一起的幸福时光，珍惜做父亲的荣耀，深深地爱着儿子。

C. tired疲惫的；
D. poor贫穷的。

故选A。

6. A 考查动词短语。

根据上下文可知，我爸爸从小就在没有父亲的环境中长大。

A. growing up长大； B. turning up出现；调大；C. settling down定居；解决；D. breaking away脱离。

故选A。

7. D 考查名词。

根据后面的“which made my grandma worried.”可知，爸爸小时候总是跟随我奶奶从一个地方搬到另一个地方。

A. mom妈妈；B. uncle叔叔；伯父；C. grandpa爷爷；D. grandma 奶奶。

故选D。

11. B 考查形容词。

根据上下文可知，上高中后，事情变得容易顺畅了一些。

A. harder更难的；B. easier
更轻松的，更容易的；C. worse更恶化的；D. larger更大的。

故选B。

12. A 考查名词。

根据上下文可知，他没有像以前那样老是惹麻烦了。

A. trouble麻烦；B. debt债务；
C. sadness伤心；
D. anxiety焦虑。

故选A。

13. C 考查介词。

根据上文，我父亲交了很多朋友，我的舅舅就是其中的一个。

A. Between在两者之间；
B. Apart from除了……还；
C. Among在……当中（三者或以上）；
D. As for至于。

故选C。

14. D 考查强调句式。

这是一个强调句型，强调了状语“through my uncle”。

句意：正是通过我的舅舅，我的妈妈和爸爸正式见面了。

强调句型的基本结构：It is/was + 被强调部分+ that (who) +其它成分……。

故选D。

15. B 考查副词。

句意：正是通过我的舅舅，我的妈妈和爸爸正式见面了。

A. practically实际上；B. officially 正式地；C. especially尤其地；D. entirely完全地。

故选B。

16. A 考查名词。

句意：在我出生后，我的爸爸认为，做父亲是一件荣誉的事情，他决不会在我的生活
中缺席的。

A. father爸爸；B. mother妈妈；C. fighter战士；D. student学生。

故选A。

17. C 考查形容词。

句意：在我出生后，我的爸爸认为，做父亲是一件荣誉的事情，他决不会在我的生
活中缺席的。

A. present在场，出席；B. different不同的；C. absent缺席的；D. strict 严格的。

故选C。

Ⅲ. 七选五型阅读理解
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Nothing can substitute(替代) for a good night’s sleep. There are some effective ways to reset your sleep cycle.
●Have a light dinner
Eat breakfast like a king, lunch like a prince and dinner like a poor man. 1 You should time your meals, because a full stomach can be the reason of insomnia(失眠). A light snack at bedtime can promote sleep, but too much food can cause digestive discomfort that leads to wakefulness.
●Change it gradually
It is important to change your sleep cycle gradually in order to avoid stress and different sleep disorders. The most suitable way is to increase it by 15 minutes a time. If you have to wake up earlier, then try to fall asleep 15 minutes earlier each evening. 2
●Prepare your room for the sleep
People’s body is influenced by light and darkness. Doctors strongly recommend darkening the bedroom before sleep. 3 Moreover, close your curtains at night, so you will be able to sleep calmly.
●Keep regular hours
Consistency(developing regular sleeping hours) is the best way to change your sleep cycle.
4 Don’t forget about weekends! It is allowed to have an extra hour on Saturdays, but you are
to be back on track on Sundays.
●Stop hitting the snooze button(止闹按钮)
I think everyone knows about those tempting five extra minutes in the morning. It doesn’t count, but you can turn these five extra minutes into ten or half an hour and you will realize that you are late. The morning that starts with stress isn’t a good beginning of your day. There are many ways to stop hitting the snooze button. 5 You have no choice but to answer it and before you find it, you will be out of bed.
A. It may be difficult to fall asleep at once, take some relaxing procedures like a bath.
B. Do something low-stress and boring until you discover that you are tired.
C. The most effective way is to put an alarm clock on the other side of the room.
D. Switch off laptops and other sources of light in your bedroom.
E. You should stick to the same sleep and wake-up time schedule.
F. A good night’s sleep can refresh and restore your body.
G. This saying has a deep and wise meaning.
【语篇解读】如何调整睡眠周期，有一个好的睡眠呢?请看作者告诉了你哪些方法！
Ⅳ. 短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（/\），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I’m glad that I have made great progresses in my English before I became a senior high school student. When I started senior English, I found it much more difficult than which I learned in junior school and I almost lost the heart. Later, I realized the importance of English, but I got up early every morning, recited English words, listening to English tapes and did lots of exercise. I also asked his English teacher and classmates for better ways learn English. Now, my English has improved great. And I’m getting more and more interesting in learning it.
【文章大意】文章介绍了自己在高中阶段是如何提高英语的。

【名师点拨】
lose构成的短语
lose heart丧失信心；lose track失去联系；lose touch with sb.和某人失去联系；lose weight减肥；lose oneself迷失；lose oneself in沉迷于；lose interest不再感兴趣； lose color变苍白；lose face 丢脸；lose control失去控制；lose time延误时间。

温馨提示：lost/missing丢失的；loss损失（名词），at a loss不知所措。

【知识拓展】
1.Since自从……以来（可做介词和连词），和现在完成时态连用。

►He has lived here since he came. 自从他来到这里，就一直在这里住着。

2.It is /has been+一段时间+since 主语+一般过去时态+其他。

自从做某事有多长时间了。

在这个句型中如果从句的动作是终止性动词，则表示从动作开始到现在多长时间了；如果从句的动作是持续性动词，则表示从动作结束到现在多长时间了。

It is three years since he joined (终止性动词)the army.他参军有三年了；It is five years since he lived（持续性动词）here.他离开这有五年了。

1.(2015 •江苏) The police officers decided to conduct a thorough and _______ review of the case.
A. comprehensive
B. complicated
C. conscious
D. crucial
【答案】A
【解析】句意：警官决定对这起案件进行一次彻底全面的审查。

A项＂综合的，全面的，有理解力的＂；B 项＂复杂的＂；C项＂有意识的＂；D项＂至关重要的＂。

故选A项。

2.(2016 •江苏)—Only those who have alot in common can get along well.
— ______ . Opposites sometimes do attract.
A. I hope not
B. I think so
C. I appreciate that
D. I beg to differ
【答案】D
3.（2016 •天津）—It was a wonderful trip. So, which city did you like better, Paris or Rome?
—______. There were good things and bad things about them.
A. It’s hard to say
B. I didn’t get it
C. You must be kidding
D. Couldn’t be better
【答案】A
【解析】句意：——这是一次很棒的旅行。

那么，你更喜欢哪个城市，巴黎还是罗马？——很难说。

它们都既有好的也有坏的事情。

A.很难说；B.我不明白；C.你一定是在开玩笑吧；D.再好不过了。

根据语境，故选A。

4.（2017·北京）The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _________ from butterflies to elephants.
A. ranging
B. range
C. to range
D. ranged
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。

句意：国家公园有许多的野生动物，包括从蝴蝶到大象等等。

此处野生动物
和range之间是主动关系，用现在分词，故选A。

5.（2017·天津）The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, _____ more patients to be treated.
A. being allowed
B. allowing
C. having allowed
D. allowed
【答案】B
6.（2017·江苏）Many Chinese brands, _______ their reputations over centuries, are facing new
challenges from the modern market.
A. having developed
B. being developed
C. developed
D. developing
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词。

brands是逻辑主语，和develop是主谓关系，所以用现在分词，表示伴随状况；再根据“over centuries”可知，应该使用现在分词的完成式，故选A。

句意：许多中国品牌，享誉数
百年，现在正面临着来自现代市场的新挑战。

7.（2016·北京）Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, ________ the old town into a dreamland.
A. turn
B. turning
C. to turn
D. turned
【答案】B
【解析】题目考查现在分词表伴随状况。

句意：新建的木屋林立在街道的两旁，使古镇变成了一个梦幻之地。

turn的逻辑主语是cottages，两者是主动关系，故用现在分词，表示主动和伴随，故选B。

8.（2016·天津）The cooling wind swept through out bedroom windows, _________ air conditioning unnecessary.
A. making
B. to make
C. made
D. being made
【答案】A
【解析】句意：冷风从我们卧室的窗户吹进来，使得没有必要开空调了。

前面的事情造成后面的结果，用现在分词作结果状语，表示顺理成章的结果。

不定式也可以作结果状语，但是那是预料不到的结果。

故选A。

9.（2016·浙江）I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do __ with students.
A. working
B. work
C. to work
D. worked
【答案】A
【解析】句意：我在海上航行和现在和学生一起一样快乐。

使用非谓语动词作状语，I和work是主谓关系，用现在分词作时间状语。

故选A。

10. (2015·北京）The park was full of people, __________ themselves in the sunshine.
A. having enjoyed
B. enjoyed
C. enjoying
D. to enjoy
【答案】C
11. (2015·重庆）Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way____ the sun and the stars.
A. used
B. having used
C. using
D. use
【答案】C
【解析】句意：象古代的水手，鸟能利用太阳和星辰来找到他们的路。

Using是伴随状语。

选C。