广东省陆丰县2017高考英语一轮复习 短文语法填空选练1(含解析)

广东陆丰县2017高考英语短文语法填空一轮选练
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

(2015·九江市二模)
Learning to speak English well may be the best thing you can do to improve your life. Almost all international conferences and competitions __1__(conduct) in English. Diplomats(外交官) and politicians from different __2__(country)also use English to communicate with each other freely. If you can communicate in English, you can：
Contact people from all over the world. Talk about your ideas on the Internet with your interesting people，send e­mails to__3__， and learn about their life and culture.
Travel more easily. Communicate with people __4__ you go. English is spoken in more than 100 countries.Introduce yourself, have a conversation, or... ask for help.
Push your career forward. If you want __5__ good job in business, technology, or science, get out of that armchair and set out __6__(learn) English now!
Knowing English will let you:
Gain technical knowledge. English is the language of technology, __7__(especial) high technology like computer science, genetics(遗传学), and medicine. If you're going to read about technology, you'll probably have to do it __8__ English.
Be a worl d­clas s business people. All business today is international. So if you want to play, you have to know English a lot, contact other business people, __9__ read international business newspapers and magazines, etc.
Use your computer more effectively. Most computer applications are in English, so you will understand them __10__(good)．
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______
6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
文章大意：这篇文章列出了非常详尽的学习英语的理由和动力。

1．命题立意：考查被动语态的用法。

答案：are conducted 根据语意句子用被动语态。

be conducted被实施。

因此答案是are conducted。

2．命题立意：考查名词用法。

答案：countries different 修饰名词复数，因此答案是countries。

3．命题立意：考查代词的用法。

答案：them 根据语意和语境，them代指interesting people。

因此答案是them。

4．命题立意：考查疑问副词的用法。

答案：wherever 根据语意可知无论哪里，故答案是wherever。

5．命题立意：考查冠词的用法。

答案：a 根据语意可知job是可数名词，a good job一项好的工作，答案是a。

6．命题立意：考查动词不定式的用法。

答案：to learn set out to do sth.开始干某事，根据语意答案是to learn。

7．命题立意：考查副词用法。

答案：especially 根据语意尤其是高科技，故答案是“尤其” es pecially。

8．命题立意：考查介词用法。

答案：in 根据语意“用英语”，in English，故答案为in。

9．命题立意：考查连词用法。

答案：and 根据语意连接并列的动作可以用and，因此答案是and。

10．命题立意：考查形容词用法。

答案：better 根据语意可知此处应该用形容词的比较级，因此答案是good的比较级better。

语法填空。

阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。

阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Every day has the potential to be a good and, in some cases, a great day for you. Few of us get up in the morning 1 (think)that we want this to be a bad day. Yet in many cases the day turns that way because of a person or an event 2 we worry about.
Think about those small events which can throw you off balance and affect your whole day 3 (negative). Who stole your day? Was 4 a boss, an unruly child, an erratic driver on the way to work, getting 5 “F”on a history paper, 6 an impolite waiter at lunch that did?
Every day numerous people or events can prevent us from having a good day, if we let them. The key is that we should adopt a positive attitude towards life. We cannot control 7 happens to us in many cases, but we can control how we react 8 these events.
Lao-tzu, a Chinese philosopher, 9 (say), “He who conquers others is strong;
he who conquers 10 is mighty. ”
【文章大意】每一天既可能会朝着好的方面发展, 也可能会朝着坏的方面发展, 关键是看我们对生活采取的态度。

虽然我们不能控制会发生什么事, 但我们可以控制我们对所发生的事情的态度。

1. 【解析】thinking。

考查现在分词。

think和逻辑主语few of us之间是主动关系, 应用现在分词作伴随状语。

2. 【解析】that。

考查关系代词。

that引导定语从句修饰先行词a person or an event, that 在从句中作介词about的宾语, 先行词中既有人也有事物, 不可用which。

3. 【解析】negatively。

考查副词。

修饰动词(affect), 应用副词。

4. 【解析】it。

考查代词。

本句是强调句, 句中缺少it。

5. 【解析】an。

考查冠词。

F表示的是学业成绩中的F级别, 是一个可数名词, 此处是泛指“一个F级别”, 应用不定冠词; F是以元音音素开头的, 应用不定冠词an修饰。

6. 【解析】or。

考查并列连词。

an impolite waiter和“F”on a history paper是并列关系, 表示的是一种可能性, 应用or, 意为“或者”。

7. 【解析】what。

考查宾语从句。

control后跟的是一个宾语从句, 从句中缺少主语, 应用what引导。

8. 【解析】to。

考查介词。

react to sth. 对某事做出反应, 是固定搭配。

9. 【解析】said。

考查时态。

表述过去发生的事情, 应用一般过去时。

10. 【解析】himself。

考查代词。

由He who conquers others is strong可知, 此处指的是“征服自己的人才是强大的”。

主语是he, 所以反身代词用himself。

【宁夏银川市唐徕回民中学2014试题】
（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入一个适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Alan: So, what do you want to do tomorrow?
Emily: Well, le t’s look at this city guide here. Uh, here’s something 61 (interest). Why don’t
we first visit the Art Museum in the morning?
Alan: Okay. I like that idea. Where shall we go 62 lunch?
Emily: How about 63 (go) to an Indian restaurant? The guide recommends 64 not far from the museum.
Alan: That sounds great. After that, what do you think about visiting the zoo? Well,
it says there are
some unique animals not 65 (find) anywhere else.
Emily: Well, to tell the 66 (true), I’m not really interested in going there. Why don’t we go
shopping? There are supposed to be some really nice places 67 we can pick up some
bargains.
Alan: Nah, I d on’t think that’s a good idea. We only have a few traveler’s che cks left. And I only have fifty dollars left in cash to pay.
Emily: Don’t worry. We can use your credit card to pay.
Alan: Oh, no. I remember the last time you 68 (use) my credit card for your new clothes.
Emily: Oh we ll, let’s take the subway down to the seashore 69 walk along the beach.
Alan: I couldn’t agree 70 . It sounds like a wonderful plan.
【参考答案】
61、interesting 62、for 63、going 64、one 65、found
66、truth 67、where 68、used 69、and 70、more
【辽宁省葫芦岛市2014一模试题】
（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Susan went to a boarding school. Here is one of the letters she wrote to 61
parents from the school.
Dear Mom and Dad,
I’m afraid I have some very bad news for you. I have been very naug hty and the school principal is very angry 62 me. She is going to write to you. You must come and take me away from here. She does not want me in the school 63 .
The trouble 64 (start) last night when I was smoking a cigarette in bed. This
is against the rules, of course. We are not supposed to smoke at all.
As I was smoking, I heard footsteps coming towards the room. I did not want a teacher
65 (catch) me smoking, so I threw the cigarette away. Unfortunately, the cigarette fell into the waste-paper basket, 66 caught fire. There was a curtain near the waste-paper basket which caught fire, too. Soon the whole room was 67 (burn) .The principal phoned for the fire department. The school is a long way from
the town and by the time the fire department arrived, the whole school was in 68 (flame). Many of the girls are in the hospital.
The principal says that the fire was all my 69 and you must pay 70 the damage. She will send you a bill for about a million dollars.
I am very sorry about this.
Much love, Susan.
【参考答案】
61.her 62.with 63. any longer 64.started 65. to catch
66. which 67.burning 68.flames 69. fault 70.for
【吉林省吉林市2014质量检测】
（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正
确形式。

Susan: I’m so glad to see you, David. 61 has been such a long time. How are you?
David: I’m fine, and you?
Susan: I’m just wonderful. God, time goes by so quickly! Are you going to the air quality conference in Chicago?
David: I am. And I’m really glad to see you. Just last night I found your name in
the conference materials, but it didn’t come to my 62 that we would meet
on the plane.
Susan: I’m afra id I h aven’t had time to look at 63 conference materials
very carefully. I had no idea you were coming, but I am certainly glad to see you.
I was feeling very nervous about going there 64 friends.
David: I can imagine. My English has gotten not so fluent since I returned from the States, 65 I’m rather nervous myself.But I saw that you 66 (give) the most important talk at the conference.
Susan: 67 (frank) speaking, I’m scared to death about it.
David: I’m jus t giving a talk in one of the workshop sections, and I hope I won’t make all of you 68 (disappoint).
Susan: But your English is much 69 (good) than mine.
David: But y ou’re now the Director of the Air Quality Institute, so you 70 know the technical terms.
Susan: Maybe. But I still can’t understand totally a lot of technical ter ms in my field.
【参考答案】
61. It 62. mind 63. the 64. without
65. so/therefore/thus 66. would give / were giving 67. Frankly
68. disappointed 69. better 70. must
【健康环保类—阅读理解】(2015·福建，E)
Group exercise is one of the most effective ways to improve physical fitness and sustain(保持) a healthy lifestyle.Group exercise is challenging，yet fun and empowering！Of course everyone knows that exercise is good for the body.However，
studies have shown that when exercise is performed in groups，it’s n ot only great for improving physical health but for psychological health.It’s an opportunity to be social，release endorphins(内啡肽)，and improve your strength.Additionally，group exercise creates a community feel and the shared common goal motivates participants to work hard.The instrumental support of taking on a fitness journey with others proves more effective than going to the gym alone.
Another beneficial aspect of group exercise is the informational support participants receive from the instructor. Many people fear the gym because they feel lost and don’t want to embarrass themselves.If you feel you can relate，then group training is an even better option for you.It’s a great opportunity to learn more about fitness through the clear instruction and supervision(监管) of a fitness instructor.If you’re tired of wandering around the gym wasting time and becoming bored，you can attend an upbeat group fitness class that’ll keep your workout on track.Don’t let fitness frighten you!
If you’r e serious about wanting to live a healthy lifestyle，it’s extremely important to surround yourself with people who’ll provide you with t he proper emotional support.I wouldn’t scold anyone for deciding to party on weekends and in turn I wouldn’t expect anyone to give offence to me for focusing on my health.Surround yourself with people who uplift，encourage and understand you！Make fitness even more fun by trying something new or any group fitness class，with a friend.Plan to go for a jog together.Then try a fun healthy restaurant or fresh juice bar！Fitness can be both fun and social!
Surrounding yourself with people who’ll provide you with res pect support can be very beneficial while working towards reaching health and fitness goals.First，decide to do it for yourself and work towards staying positive.Then make sure the people you surround yourself with are supportive.Don’t let negativity ruin y our motivation.
1.The first paragraph focuses on .
A.the greatest challenge of group exercise
B.the most effective way to improve physical fitness
C.the contribution of group exercise to psychological health
D.the shared common goal in performing exercise in groups
答案 C
解析细节理解题。

根据第一段第四句可知，研究表明，群体健身不仅对改善身体健康有益处，而且能有效的改善心理健康。

2.The underlined word “upbeat” in the second paragraph probably means “”.
A.cheerful
B.average
C.serious
D.temporary
答案 A
解析词义猜测题。

根据“If y ou’re tired of wandering around the gym wasting time and becoming bored, you can attend an upbeat group fitness class that will keep your workout on track.”可以判断upbeat应该与bored的意思相反。

3.When it comes to emotional support，the author thinks it necessary .
A.to sustain a colorful lifestyle
B.to party on weekends with positive people
C.to try a fun healthy restaurant regularly
D.to surround yourself with supportive people
答案 D
解析细节理解题。

根据第三段第一句可知，如果你想得到相应的情绪支持，你就该让自己环绕在有积极思维的人身边。

4.What would be the best title for the passage?
A.Seeking Support
B.Supporting Health
C.Improving Your Strength
D.Building Up Fitness
答案 B
解析标题归纳题。

本文对群体健身的益处进行了阐述和论证，因此，群体健身也是保持健康的一种方式。

对应B项。

【健康环保类—阅读理解】（2015模拟题）
Monty Hempel is a professor of environmental sciences at Redlands University in California.He studies ecological literacy—or ecoliteracy，for short.Ecoliteracy is the ability to think about and understand the natural processes that make life possible.
Monty Hempel says ecoliteracy gives people knowledge about environmental problems.But he says it does not always work to get them to change their behavior.
Mr.Hempel wrote part of the Worldwatch Institute’s latest State of the World
report.He says in his article，“Some people think that ecoliteracy is just a green form of science literacy.And what I ha ve tried to ask is whether that’s enough.In other words，what an ecologically­literate person needs to know might include things like the cycles and the flows，the energy systems，all of those kind of things that we would call the science of ecology.”
“That does n’t seem to lead to action to protect our environment—to protect our life­support system to the level that we need to.Just because we know a lot about the environment doesn’t mean that we actually act to save it.After all，actions speak louder than knowledge.”
He adds that people may not be very worried about environmental problems if they seem far away.“Some people call it psychological distance.A lot of climate issues are worse in the Arctic and most of us don’t spend time in the Arctic.And so，there’s a certain distance.But there’s also a distance that’s happening in the world as it urbanizes—people spending more time in front of screens and less time out in nature.We become，if you will，disconnected from the natural systems that used to be the key to success for a human being.”
To help children discover the wonders of nature，he adds that children should learn about nature in school.But he also points out we have a high mountain for people to climb from knowledge to action.
1.From what Monty Hempel says in Paragraph 3，we learn that .
A.knowledge on environment protection is not enough
B.knowledge that children learn at school is useless
C.ecoliteracy can help people understand how nature works
D.people with enough knowledge will protect the environment well
答案 A
解析推理判断题。

根据第三段中 Monty Hempel说的话，尤其是文中的“And what I have tried to ask is whether that’s enough.”暗示仅仅有环保的知识是不够的，故最佳答案为A。

2.What is especially important for environment protection in Mr.Hempel’s opinion?
A.Knowledge.
B.Action.
C.Green living.
D.Psychological distance.
答案 B
解析细节理解题。

根据第四段最后一句“After all，actions speak louder than knowledge.”可知Mr.Hempel的观点是行动更重要，故最佳答案为B。

3.Mr.Hempel thinks people show no concern about some environmental problems
because .
A.they lack knowledge on environment protection
B.they have no awareness of environment protection
C.some environmental problems are not worse at all
D.some environmental problems happened far away
答案 D
解析细节理解题。

根据第五段中的“Some people call it psychological distance(有些人叫它心理距离).”以及“And so，ther e’s a certain distance(这里是有一定距离的).”，可知人们对一些环境问题不关心，是因为有些环境问题发生在遥远的地方，故最佳答案为D。

4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A.Experts think it is the best way to learn nature in school.
B.Climbing a high mountain is a good way to exercise well.
C.Changin g people’s attitude to environment protection is hard.
D.Knowledge can help children take action to protect the environment.
答案 C
解析推理判断题。

根据最后一段最后一句“But he also points out we have a high mountain for people to climb from knowledge to action(但他也指出对许多人来说从知识到行动有一座高山要爬).”可知要改变人们对环境保护的态度是很难的。