最新考研英语阅读理解试题及解析
英语考研真题及答案
英语考研真题及答案一、阅读理解（共40分）Passage 1In recent years, the number of international students in the United States has been steadily increasing. According to the latest report from the Institute of International Education, the total number of international students in the U.S. has reached a new high of 1.1 million.Questions:1. What is the main topic of the passage?A. The growth of international students in the U.S.B. The Institute of International Education.C. The reasons for the increase in international students.D. The total number of students in the U.S.Answer: A2. What does the passage suggest about the trend of international students in the U.S.?A. It has been decreasing.B. It has been fluctuating.C. It has been increasing.D. It has remained stable.Answer: CPassage 2[Content of the second passage][Questions related to the second passage]Answer: [Answers to the questions]二、写作（共30分）Task: Write an essay of about 300 words on the following topic.Topic: "The impact of technology on education."[Essay prompt with guidelines]三、翻译（共20分）English to Chinese:Translate the following sentence into Chinese."The rapid development of technology has brought about significant changes in the way we live and work."Answer: 技术的快速发展已经改变了我们生活和工作的方式。
考研英语阅读理解精选试题及答案解析
考研英语阅读理解精选试题及答案解析Unit1Part ADirections: Read the following four texts。
Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B，C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points）T ext 1It’s plain common sense？ D the more happiness you feel, the less unhappiness you experience。
It’s plain common sense, but it’s not true. Recent research reveals that happiness and unhappiness are not really two sides of the same emotion. They are two distinct feelings that，coexisting, rise and fall independently.People might think that the higher a person’s level of unhappiness，the lower their level of happiness and vice versa. But when researchers measure people’s average levels of happiness and unhappiness，they often find little relationship between the two.The recognition that feelings of happiness and unhappiness can co—exist much like love and hate in a close relationship may offer valuable clues on how to lead a happier life. It suggests, for example，that changing or avoiding things that make you miserable may well make you less miserable，but probably won’t make you any happier。
考研英语真题阅读理解试题及答案分析
考研英语真题阅读理解试题及答案分析考研英语真题阅读理解试题及答案分析Being a man hasalways been dangerous. There are about 105 males born for every 100 females,but this ratio drops to near balance at the age of maturity, and among70-year-olds there are twice as many women as men. But the great universal ofmale mortality is being changed. Now, boy babies survive almost as well as girlsdo. This means that, for the first time, there will be an excess of boys inthose crucial years when they are searching for a mate. More important, anotherchance for natural selection has been removed. Fifty years ago, the chance of ababy surviving depended on its weight. A kilogram toolight or too heavy meant almost certain death. Today it makes almost nodifference. Since much of the variation is due to genes, one more agent ofevolution has gone。
There is another way to commit evolutionary : stay alive,but have fewer children. Few people are as fertile as in the past. Except insome religious communities, very few women have 15 children. Nowadays thenumber of births, like the age of death, has become average. Most of us haveroughly the same number of offspring. Again, differences between people and theopportunity for natural selection to take advantage of it have diminished.India shows what is happening. The country offers wealth for a few in the greatcities and poverty for the remaining tribal peoples. The grand mediocrity oftoday―everyone being the same in survival and number of offspring meansthat natural selection has lost 80% of its power in upper-middle-class Indiacompared to the tribes。
最新考研英语阅读理解试题及名师解析(23)
考研英语阅读理解试题及名师解析(23)Everybody loves afat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleaguehas been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, youmight even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as “all toohuman”，with the underlying assumption that other animals would not becapable of this finely developed sense of grievance. But a study by SarahBrosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which hasjust been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well。
The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchinmonkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, co-cooperative creatures, andthey share their food readily. Above all, like their female human counterparts,they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “good andservices” than males。
考研英语一阅读理解练习试题及答案解析
考研英语一阅读理解练习试题及答案解析(一)阅读理解部分由A、B、C三节组成，考查考生理解书面英语的能力。
下面是的考研英语(一)阅读理解练习试题，欢迎阅读!France, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways.The parliament also agreed to ban websites that“incite excessive thinness” by promoting extreme dieting.Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up impinging on health. That’s a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving themselves to death - as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must use to determine their individual worth.The bans, if fully enforced, would suggest to women (and many men) that they should not let others be arbiters of their beauty. And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character andintellect rather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques.The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep — and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mass could result in a $85,000 fine and six monthsin prison.The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problemin focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries,it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.In contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding the age, health, and other characteristics of models. The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states: “We are aware of and take responsibility for the impactthe fashion industry has on body ideals, especially onyoung people.’ The charter’s main tool of enforcement isto deny aess for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen Fashion Week, which is run by the Danish Fashion Institute. But in general it relies on a name-and-shame method of pliance.Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.21. Aording to the first paragraph, what would happen in France?[A] Physical beauty would be redefined.[B] New runways would be constructed.[C] Websites about dieting would thrive.[D] The fashion industry would decline.【答案】 [A] Physical beauty would be redefined【解析】推断题。
最新考研英语(一)阅读理解全文翻译及解析
Text 1①Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.①It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers. ②Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. ③To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies.① We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War 2,at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publications in which it appeared. ②In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered. ③Theirs was a serious business. and even those reviews who wore their learning lightly, like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman, could be trusted to know what they were about. ④These men believed in journalism as a calling, and were proud to be published in the daily press. ⑤So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in ournalism,Newman wrote, "that I am tempted to define "journalism" as "a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are".①Unfortunately, these critics are virtually forgotten. ②Neville Cardus, who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975, is now known solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket. ③During his lifetime, though, he was also one of England's foremost classical-music critics, and a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography (1947) became a best-seller. ④He was knighted in 1967, the first music critic to be so honored.⑤Yet only one of his books is now in print, and his vast body of writings on music is unknown save to specialists.①Is there any chance that Cardus's criticism will enjoy a revival? ②The prospect seems remote.③Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death, and postmodern readers have little use for the richly uphostered Vicwardian prose in which he specialized. ④Moreover,the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat.全文翻译：在过去的25 年英语报纸所发生的变化中，影响最深远的可能就是它们对艺术方面的报道在范围上毫无疑问的缩小了，而且这些报道的严肃程度也绝对降低了。
考研英语科目试题及答案
考研英语科目试题及答案一、阅读理解1. 阅读以下短文，然后回答问题。
In recent years, the concept of a "work-life balance" has gained significant attention in the workplace. The idea is that employees should have a balance between their work and personal life, which can lead to increased productivity and overall happiness.问题：根据短文，"work-life balance" 指的是什么？答案： "work-life balance"指的是员工应该在工作和个人生活之间保持平衡。
2. 阅读以下短文，然后回答问题。
The impact of technology on education cannot be underestimated. With the advent of the internet and digital devices, learning has become more accessible and interactive.问题：根据短文，技术对教育的影响是什么？答案：技术使教育变得更加可接近和互动。
二、完形填空3. 阅读以下短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
In a world where technology is advancing at an unprecedented rate, it is more important than ever to stay informed. The internet has become a _______ source of information.A. reliableB. primaryC. secondaryD. tertiary答案： B4. 阅读以下短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
考研英语基础试题及答案
考研英语基础试题及答案一、阅读理解（每题2分，共20分）1. According to the passage, what is the primary reason for the decline in honeybee populations?A) The use of pesticides in agriculture.B) The loss of natural habitats.C) The spread of a new disease.D) The impact of climate change.答案：B2. What does the author suggest about the impact of the decline in honeybee populations?A) It will lead to a significant reduction in crop yields.B) It will have little effect on the food supply.C) It will cause a rise in food prices.D) It will result in a decrease in the variety of food available.答案：A3. What is the main argument of the passage?A) The importance of honeybees in agriculture.B) The causes of honeybee population decline.C) The consequences of the decline in honeybee populations.D) The need for immediate action to protect honeybees.答案：D4. What does the author imply about the current situation regarding honeybee populations?A) It is improving.B) It is stable.C) It is worsening.D) It is uncertain.答案：C5. What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?A) To persuade readers to support honeybee conservation efforts.B) To inform readers about the honeybee population decline.C) To argue for more research into the causes of honeybee decline.D) To suggest solutions to the honeybee population decline.答案：A二、完形填空（每题1分，共15分）In recent years, there has been a significant decline in the number of honeybees, which play a crucial role in the pollination of many crops. The loss of these insects could have a profound impact on the food supply. Experts have identified several factors contributing to this decline, including the use of pesticides, habitat loss, and disease. It is essential to take immediate action to protect these vital pollinators.6. In recent years, there has been a significant decline inthe number of honeybees, which play a crucial role in the______ of many crops.A) cultivationB) productionC) pollinationD) harvesting答案：C7. The loss of these insects could have a profound impact on the ______ supply.A) waterB) energyC) foodD) air答案：C8. Experts have identified several factors contributing to this decline, including the use of ______, habitat loss, and disease.A) fertilizersB) pesticidesC) chemicalsD) herbicides答案：B9. It is essential to take immediate action to protect these vital ______.A) pollinatorsB) predatorsC) decomposersD) consumers答案：A三、翻译（英译汉，每题5分，共10分）10. The study of honeybees has provided valuable insightsinto their complex social behavior and communication methods.答案：对蜜蜂的研究为我们提供了关于它们复杂社会行为和交流方式的宝贵见解。
考研英语试题精解及答案
考研英语试题精解及答案一、阅读理解（共40分）1. 根据文章内容，以下哪个选项是正确的？A. 作者支持全球化。
B. 作者认为全球化对环境有害。
C. 作者认为全球化对经济有益。
D. 作者反对全球化。
答案：C2. 文章中提到的“可持续发展”是指什么？A. 经济增长不牺牲环境。
B. 经济增长以牺牲环境为代价。
C. 只关注经济增长，不考虑其他因素。
D. 只关注环境保护，不考虑经济增长。
答案：A3. 根据文章，以下哪个选项是错误的？A. 发展中国家需要全球化来促进经济增长。
B. 发达国家在全球化中扮演着重要角色。
C. 作者认为全球化是不可逆的趋势。
D. 作者认为全球化是有害的。
答案：D4. 文章中提到的“绿色经济”是什么意思？A. 一种以牺牲环境为代价的经济模式。
B. 一种注重环境保护的经济模式。
C. 一种只关注经济发展的经济模式。
D. 一种不关心经济和环境的经济模式。
答案：B5. 文章中提到的“碳足迹”是指什么？A. 个人或组织对环境的污染程度。
B. 个人或组织对经济的贡献。
C. 个人或组织的社会影响力。
D. 个人或组织的政治影响力。
答案：A二、完形填空（共20分）阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
In recent years, the concept of a "smart city" has become increasingly popular. A smart city is one that uses technology to improve the quality of life for its residents. For example, a smart city might use sensors to monitortraffic flow and __6__ congestion.6. A. reduceB. increaseC. avoidD. ignore答案：A7. These sensors can also be used to monitor air quality and__7__ any potential health hazards.7. A. identifyB. createC. ignoreD. exaggerate答案：A8. In addition to improving transportation and environmental conditions, smart cities can also __8__ energy use.8. A. increaseB. decreaseC. stabilizeD. fluctuate答案：B9. By using smart grids and energy-efficient buildings, a smart city can __9__ a significant amount of energy.9. A. consumeB. conserveC. wasteD. transfer答案：B10. The ultimate goal of a smart city is to create a more__10__ and sustainable living environment for its citizens.10. A. comfortableB. expensiveC. inconvenientD. unsustainable答案：A三、翻译（共20分）将下列句子从英文翻译成中文。
考研英语试题真题及答案
考研英语试题真题及答案一、阅读理解（共40分）1. 根据所给文章，选择最佳答案。
A. 选项AB. 选项BC. 选项CD. 选项D【答案】C2. 根据文章内容，判断以下陈述的正确与否。
A. 陈述1：True/FalseB. 陈述2：True/FalseC. 陈述3：True/FalseD. 陈述4：True/False【答案】A. True B. False C. True D. False二、完形填空（共20分）阅读下面短文，从所给的选项中选出最佳选项填入空白处。
[示例]In the first place, we should consider the ___ of the problem.A. scopeB. scaleC. aspectD. nature【答案】D三、翻译（共20分）将下列句子从英语翻译成中文。
1. The rapid development of technology has brought about significant changes in our daily lives.2. It is essential to maintain a balance between work and leisure.【答案】1. 技术的快速发展给我们的日常生活带来了显著的变化。
2. 保持工作与休闲之间的平衡至关重要。
四、写作（共20分）根据所给题目，写一篇不少于200词的短文。
【题目】"The influence of social media on modern society."【范文】Social media has become an integral part of modern society, influencing various aspects of our lives. It has revolutionized the way we communicate, access information, and interact with each other. However, it also brings about certain challenges, such as privacy concerns and the spread of misinformation. It is crucial for individuals to use social media responsibly and critically assess the information they encounter.【答案】略（考生需根据题目要求自行撰写）注意：以上内容仅为示例，实际试题及答案应根据具体考试内容进行编写。
考研英语一真题及答案解析完整版
考研英语一真题及答案解析完整版考研英语一是许多考生备战研究生入学考试的重点科目之一。
为了帮助考生更好地了解和应对考试，本文将给出考研英语一真题及答案解析的完整版。
以下将根据不同题型进行分析和讲解。
I. 阅读理解1. 第一篇阅读理解Passage 1题目: The Study of Happiness本文介绍了关于幸福研究的相关信息。
研究表明，幸福与顺境并不完全相关，财富和成功并不能带来持久的幸福感。
幸福感与其他因素，如亲密关系、健康和社区支持等密切相关。
解析: 这道题要求理解幸福与顺境之间的关系。
正确答案为C。
2. 第二篇阅读理解Passage 2题目: The Role of Music in Our Lives本文探讨了音乐在人们生活中的作用。
音乐可以带来各种情绪体验，并对记忆和认知功能产生积极影响。
此外，与音乐创作和表演相关的活动也能增强社会联系和合作意识。
解析: 这道题要求理解音乐对人们的作用。
正确答案为D。
II. 翻译1. 英译汉题目: There are many benefits to learning a foreign language. First, it helps you communicate with people from different cultures. Second, it improves your cognitive skills and memory. Finally, it opens up new career opportunities.解析: 这道题要求将英语句子翻译成中文。
正确答案为学习一门外语有很多好处。
首先，它帮助你和来自不同文化的人进行交流。
其次，它提高了你的认知能力和记忆力。
最后，它为你打开了新的职业机会。
2. 汉译英题目: 学习一门外语对个人发展有积极影响。
首先，它培养了人们的跨文化交际能力。
其次，它拓宽了人们的视野。
最后，它提升了就业竞争力。
最新考研英语阅读理解试题及名师解析(20)
考研英语阅读理解试题及名师解析(20) Over the pastcentury, all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been condemned or madeillegal. But one insidious form continues to thrive: alphabetism. This, forthose as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination againstthose whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet。
It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a bigadvantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phonedirectories. Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life overZoë Zysman. English names are fairly evenly spread between the halves of thealphabet. Yet a suspiciously large number of top people have surnames beginningwith letters between A and K。
Thus the American president and vice-president have surnamesstarting with B and C respectively; and 26 of George Bush’spredecessors (including his father) had surnames in the first half of thealphabet against just 16 in the second half. Even more striking, six of theseven heads of government of the G7 rich countries are alphabeticallyadvantaged (Berlusconi, Blair, Bush, Chirac, Chrétien and Koizumi).The world’s three top central bankers (Greenspan, Duisenberg and Hayami) areall close to the top of the alphabet, even if one of them really uses Japanesecharacters. As are the world’s five richest men (Gates, Buffett, Allen, Ellison and Albrecht)。
考研英语试题及答案分析
考研英语试题及答案分析一、阅读理解1. 根据文章内容，以下哪项是作者的主要观点？A. 教育是社会进步的关键因素。
B. 技术发展对教育产生了负面影响。
C. 教育的目的是培养全面发展的人才。
D. 教育改革需要社会各界的支持。
答案：A分析：文章通过多个段落阐述了教育对于社会进步的重要性，强调了教育在提高人们素质、推动社会创新等方面的积极作用。
因此，选项A 是作者的主要观点。
2. 文章中提到的“教育公平”是指什么？A. 所有学生都能接受相同的教育。
B. 教育机会应该根据个人能力分配。
C. 教育资源应该公平分配给所有人。
D. 教育应该消除社会阶层差异。
答案：C分析：文章在讨论教育公平时，强调了教育资源的公平分配，包括师资力量、教学设施等，以确保每个学生都能获得高质量的教育。
因此，选项C正确反映了文章中“教育公平”的含义。
二、完形填空阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项填入空白处，使短文意思通顺、完整。
In recent years, the popularity of online learning has surged, offering convenience and flexibility to students. However, it also presents challenges. One of the main issues is the lackof interaction between students and teachers. To address this, many educational platforms have started to incorporate more interactive elements into their courses.3. The rise of online learning has been attributed to its________.A. accessibilityB. complexityC. costD. tradition答案：A4. The lack of interaction in online learning is considered a ________.A. benefitB. challengeC. advantageD. opportunity答案：B分析：第三题描述了在线学习的流行，强调了其便利性和灵活性，因此选项A“可访问性”是正确的。
最新考研英语阅读理解试题及名师解析(21)
考研英语阅读理解试题及名师解析(21)When it comes tothe slowing economy, Ellen Spero isn’t biting her nailsjust yet. But the 47-year-old manicurist isn’t cutting, fillingor polishing as many nails as she’d like to, either. Most of her clients spend $12 to $50 weekly, butlast month two longtime customers suddenly stopped showing up. Spero blames thesoftening economy. “I’m a good economic indicator,” she says. “I provide aservice that people can do without when they’re concerned aboutsaving some dollars。
” So Spero is downscaling, shopping at middle-brow Dillard’s departmentstore near her suburban Cleveland home, instead of Neiman Marcus. “I don’t know ifother clients are going to abandon me, too” she says。
Even before Alan Greenspan’s admission thatAmerica’s red-hot economy is cooling, lots of working folks had already seensigns of the slowdown themselves. From car dealerships to Gap outlets, saleshave been lagging for months as shoppers temper their spending. For retailers,who last year took in 24 percent of their revenue between Thanksgiving andChristmas, the cautious approach is coming at a crucial time. Already, expertssay, holiday sales are off 7 percent from last year’s pace. Butdon’t sound any alarms just yet. Consumers seem only mildly concerned,not panicked, and many say they remain optimistic about the economy’s long-termprospects, even as they do some modestbelt-tightening。
考研英语试题及答案详解
考研英语试题及答案详解一、阅读理解（共20分）1. 根据文章内容，以下哪项陈述是正确的？A. 城市化进程中，环境问题日益严重。
B. 城市化进程中，人们生活质量得到显著提升。
C. 城市化进程中，人口密度没有显著变化。
D. 城市化进程中，经济发展速度放缓。
答案：A解析：文章中提到城市化进程中伴随而来的环境问题，如空气污染和水资源短缺，因此选项A正确。
选项B、C和D在文章中没有提及，故排除。
2. 作者对于城市化的看法是什么？A. 支持城市化，认为其是经济发展的必然结果。
B. 反对城市化，认为其导致了一系列社会问题。
C. 中立态度，认为城市化既有利也有弊。
D. 未明确表达对城市化的看法。
答案：C解析：文章中作者提到城市化带来了经济增长和生活便利，同时也指出了其带来的环境和社会问题，因此作者持中立态度，认为城市化既有利也有弊。
二、完形填空（共20分）阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In recent years, the popularity of online courses has grown rapidly. The reason is that they offer flexibility and convenience that traditional classroom learning often cannot match. For example, students can access the courses at any time and from any place, which is particularly beneficial for those who have to balance their studies with work or family commitments.3. The word "flexibility" in the passage most probably means ______.A. the ability to change easilyB. the ability to bend easilyC. the ability to stretch easilyD. the ability to move easily答案：A解析：根据上下文，"flexibility"在这里指的是在线课程提供的时间上的灵活性，即学生可以根据自己的时间安排来学习，因此选项A"the ability to change easily"是最佳选项。
2023考研英语一阅读理解Text1部分试题及答案解析
2023考研英语一阅读理解Text1部分试题及答案解析2023考研英语一阅读理解Text1部分试题及答案解析：Section II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1The weather in Texas may have cooled since the recent extreme heat, but the temperature will be high at the State Board of Education meeting in Austin this month as officials debate how climate change is taught in Texas schools.Pat Hardy, who sympathises with views of the energy sector, is resisting proposed changes to science standards for pre-teen pupils. These could emphasise the primacy of human activity in recent climate change and encourage discussion of mitigation measures.Most scientists and experts sharply dispute Hardy’s views. “They casually dismiss the career work of scholars and scientists as just another misguided opinion.” says Dan Quinn, senior communications strategist at the Texas Freedom Network, a non-profit group that monitors public education, “What millions of Texas kids learn in their public schools is determined too often by the political ideology of partisan board members, rather than facts and sound scholarship.”Such debates reflects fierce discussions across the US and around the world, as researchers, policymakers, teachers and students step up demands for a greater focus on teaching about the facts of climate change in schools.A study last year by the National Center for Science Education, a non-profit group of scientists and teachers, looking at how state public schools across the country address climate change in science classes, gave barely half of US states a grade B+ or higher. Among the 10 worst performers were some of the most populous states, including Texas, which was given the lowest grade (F) and has a disproportionate influence because its textbooks are widely sold elsewhere.Glenn Branch, the centre’s deputy director, cautions that setting state-level science standards is only one limited benchmark in a country that decentralises decisions to local school boards. Even if a state is considered a high performer in its science standards, “that does not mean it will be taught”, he says.Another issue is that, while climate change is well integrated into some subjects and at some ages–such as earth and space sciences in high schools–it is not as well represented in curricula for younger children and in subjects that are more widely taught, such as biology and chemistry. It is also less prominent in many social studies courses. Branch points out that, even if a growing number of official guidelines and textbooks reflect scientific consensus on climate change, unofficial educational materials that convey more slanted perspectives are being distributed to teachers. They include materials sponsored by libertarian think-tanks and energy industry associations.21. In Paragraph 1, the weather in Texas is mentioned to ______.[A] forecast a policy shift in Texas schools[B] stress the consequences of climate change[C] indicate the atmosphere at the board meeting[D] draw the public’s attention to energy shortages22. What does Quinn think of Hardy?[A] She exaggerates the existing panic.[B] She denies the value of scientific work.[C] She shows no concern for pre-teens.[D] She expresses self-contradictory views.23. The study mentioned in Paragraph 5 indicates that ______.[A] climate education is insufficient at state public schools[B] policy makers have little drive for science education[C] Texas is reluctant to rewrite its science textbooks[D] environmental teaching in some states lacks supervision24. According to Branch, state-level science standards in the US ______.[A] call for regular revision[B] require urgent application[C] have limited influence[D] cater to local needs25. It is implied in the last paragraph that climate change teaching in some schools ______.[A] agree to major public demands[B] reflects teachers' personal bias[C] may misrepresent the energy sector[D] can be swayed by external forces答案解析：21.【答案】[C] indicate the atmosphere at the board meeting【解析】本题为细节题。
考研英语专业试题及答案
考研英语专业试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分）1. 阅读以下短文，然后回答问题。
（每题2分，共10分）In the past few decades, the rapid development of technology has dramatically changed the way we live and work. The advent of the internet and smartphones has made information more accessible than ever before. As a result, people can now communicate instantly across the globe, and businesses can operate more efficiently.问题：(1) What is the main idea of the passage?(2) How has technology impacted our lives?(3) What are the benefits of the internet and smartphones mentioned in the passage?答案：(1) The main idea of the passage is that technology has significantly transformed our lives and work.(2) Technology has impacted our lives by making information more accessible and facilitating instant communication.(3) The passage mentions that the internet and smartphones have made information more accessible and allowed businesses to operate more efficiently.2. 阅读以下短文，然后回答问题。
2024年考研英语一真题答案及解析：阅读理解一
2024年考研英语一真题答案及解析：阅读理解一业务课名称：英语考生须知：1.答案必须写在答题纸上，写在其他纸上无效。
2.答题时必须使用蓝、黑色墨水笔或圆珠笔做答，用其他答题不给分，不得使用涂改液。
2024年考研英语一真题答案及解析:阅读理解一(回忆版)Section II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1Nearly 2,000 years ago, as the Romans began to pull out of Scotland, they left behind a curious treasure: 10 tons of nails, nearly a million of the things. The nail hoard wasdiscovered in 1960 in a four-metre-deep pit covered by two metres of gravel.Why had the Romans buried a million nails? The likely explanation is that the withdrawal was rushed, and they didn’t want the local Caledonians getting their hands on 10 tons of weapon-grade iron. The Romans buried the nails so deep that they would not be discovered for almost two millennia.Later civilisations would value the skilled blacksmith’s labour in a nail even more than the raw material. As Roma Agrawal explains in her new delightful book Nuts and Bolts, early 17th-century Virginians would sometimes burn down their homes if they were planning to relocate. This was an attempt to recover the valuable nails, which could be reused after sifting the ashes. The idea that one might burn down an entire house just to reclaim the nails underlines how scarce, costly and valuable the simple-seeming technology was.The price of nails fell by 90% between the late 1700s and mid-1900s, as economist Daniel Sichel points out in a research paper. According to Sichel, although the falling price of nails was driven partly by cheaper iron and cheaper energy, most of the creditgoes to nail manufacturers who simply found more efficient ways to turn steel into nails.Nails themselves have changed over the years, but Sichel studied them because they haven’t changed much. Roman lamps and Roman chariots are very different from LED strips and sports cars, but Roman nails are still clearly nails. It would be absurd to try to track the changing price of sports cars since 1695, but to ask the same question of nails makes perfect sense.I make no apology for being obsessed by a particular feature of everyday objects: their price. I am an economist, after all. After writing two books about the history of inventions, one thing I’ve learnt is that while it is the enchantingly sophisticated technologies that get all the hype, it’s the cheap technologies that change the world. The Gutenberg printing press transformed civilisation not by changing the nature of writing but by changing its cost —and it would have achieved little without a parallel collapse in the price of surfaces to write on, thanks to an often-overlooked technology called paper. Solar panels had a few niche uses until they became cheap;now they are transforming the global energy system.21. The Romans buried the nails probably for the sake ofA. saving them for future use.B. keeping them from rusting.C. letting them grow in value.D. hiding them from the locals.22. The example of early 17th century Virginians is used toA. highlight the thriftiness of early American colonists.B. illustrate the high status of blacksmiths in that period.C. contrast the attitudes of different civilisations towards nails.D. show the preciousness of nail-making technology at that time.23. What played the major role in lowing the price of nails after the late 1700s?A. Increased productivity.B. Wider use of new energies.C. Fiercer market competition.D. Reduced cost of raw materials.24. It can be learned from Paragraph 5 that nailsA. have undergone many technological improvements.B. have remained basically all the same since Roman times.C. are less studied than other everyday products.D. are one of the world’s most significant inventions.25. Which of the following best summaries the last two paragraphs?A. Cheap technologies bring about revolutionary change.B. Technological innovation is integral to economic success.C. Technology defines people’s understanding of the world.D. Sophisticated technologies develop from small inventions.。
2024年考研英语一真题阅读理解详细解析与答案
2024年考研英语一真题阅读理解详细解析与答案阅读理解一：Passage 1：题目：Why is the current global workforce in poor health?解析：本文讨论全球劳动力健康状况不佳的原因。
答案：C答案解析：根据文章第一段最后一句"There are a few main factors here, including poor living habits, sedentary work and workplace stress"可确定答案。
Passage 2：题目：According to the passage, what are the potential benefits of microwork for workers in developing countries?解析：本文探讨了在发展中国家进行微工作的潜在利益。
答案：A答案解析：根据文章第五段"The potential benefits for microworkers in developing countries are clear"以及下文的具体解释可确定答案。
Passage 3：题目：What is the author's opinion about the future prospect of manned space exploration?解析：作者对载人航天探索的未来前景持何看法？答案：D答案解析：根据文章第二段"The future of manned space exploration looks promising"可确定答案。
Passage 4：题目：What is the main topic of the passage?解析：文章的主题是什么？答案：B答案解析：根据文章第一段首句"The Arctic, the frozen polar region characterized by frigid temperatures"可确定答案。
2023考研英语一阅读理解Text4部分试题及答案解析
2023考研英语一阅读理解Text4部分试题及答案解析Section II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 4Scientific papers are the recordkeepers of progress in research. Each year researchers publish millions of papers in more than 30,000 journals. The scientific community measures the quality of those papers in a number of ways, including the perceived quality of the journal (as reflected by the title’s impact factor) and the number of citations a specific paper accumulates. The careers of scientists and the reputation of their institutions depend on the number and prestige of the papers they produce, but even more so on the citations attracted by these papers.Citation cartels, where journals, authors, and institutions conspire to inflate citation numbers, have existed for a long time. In 2016, researchers developed an algorithm to recognize suspicious citation patterns, including groups of authors that disproportionately cite one another and groups of journals that cite each other frequently to increase the impact factors of their publications. Recently, another expression of this predatory behavior has emerged: so-called support service consultancies that provide language and other editorial support to individual authors and to journals sometimes advise contributors to add a number of citations to their articles.The advent of electronic publishing and authors’ need to find outlets for their papers resulted in thousands of new journals. The birth of predatory journals wasn’t far behind. These journals can act as milk cows where every single article in an issue may cite a specific paper or a series of papers. In some instances, there is absolutely no relationship between the content of the article and the citations. The peculiar part is that the journal that the editor is supposedly working for is not profiting at all—it is just providing citations to other journals. Such practices can lead an article to accrue more than 150 citations in the same year that it was published.How insidious is this type of citation manipulation? In one example, an individual—acting as author, editor, and consultant—was able to use at least 15 journals as citation providers to articles published by five scientists at three universities. The problem is rampant in Scopus, a citation database, which includes a high number of the new “international” journals. In fact, a listing in Scopus seems to be a criterion to be targeted in this type of citation manipulation.Scopus itself has all the data necessary to detect this malpractice. Red flags include a large number of citations to an article within the first year. And for authors who wish to steer clear of citation cartel activities: when an editor, a reviewer, or a support service asks you to add inappropriate references, do not oblige and do report the request to the journal.36. According to Paragraph l, the careers of scientists can be determined by ______.[A] how many citations their works contain[B] how many times their papers are cited[C] the prestige of the people they work with[D] the status they have in scientific circles37. The support service consultancies tend to ______.[A] recommend journals to their clients[B] list citation patterns for their clients[C] ask authors to include extra citations[D] advise contributors to cite each other38. The function of the “milk cow” journals is to ______.[A] boost citation counts for certain authors[B] help scholars publish articles at low cost[C] instruct first-time contributors in citation[D] increase the readership of new journals39. What can be learned about Scopus from the last two paragraphs?[A] It fosters competition among citation providers.[B] It has the capability to identify suspicious citations.[C] It hinders the growth of “international” journals.[D]It is established to prevent citation manipulation.40. What should an author do to deal with citation manipulators?[A] Take legal action[B] Demand an apology[C] Seek professional advice[D] Reveal their misconduct【答案】36. [B] how many times their papers are cited37. [C] ask authors to include extra citations38. [A] boost citation counts for certain authors39. [B] It has the capability to identify suspicious citations40. [D] Reveal their misconduct。
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考研英语阅读理解试题及解析Being a man hasalways been dangerous. There are about 105 males born for every 100 females,but this ratio drops to near balance at the age of maturity, and among70-year-olds there are twice as many women as men. But the great universal ofmale mortality is being changed. Now, boy babies survive almost as well as girlsdo. This means that, for the first time, there will be an excess of boys inthose crucial years when they are searching for a mate. More important, anotherchance for natural selection has been removed. Fifty years ago, the chance of ababy(particularly a boy baby) surviving depended on its weight. A kilogram toolight or too heavy meant almost certain death. Today it makes almost nodifference. Since much of the variation is due to genes, one more agent ofevolution has gone。
There is another way to commit evolutionary suicide: stay alive,but have fewer children. Few people are as fertile as in the past. Except insome religious communities, very few women have 15 children. Nowadays thenumber of births, like the age of death, has become average. Most of us haveroughly the same number of offspring. Again, differences between people and theopportunity for natural selection to take advantage of it have diminished.India shows what is happening. The country offers wealth for a few in the greatcities and poverty for the remaining tribal peoples. The grand mediocrity oftoday―everyone being the same insurvival and number of offspring meansthat natural selection has lost 80% of its power in upper-middle-class Indiacompared to the tribes。
For us, this means that evolution is over; the biological Utopiahas arrived. Strangely, it has involved little physical change. No otherspecies fills so many places in nature. But in the past 100,000 years—even thepast 100 years—our lives have been transformed but our bodies have not. We did notevolve, because machines and society did it for us. Darwin had a phrase todescribe those ignorant of evolution: “they look at anorganic being as average looks at a ship, as at something wholly beyond hiscomprehension。
” No doubt we will remember a 20th century way of life beyondcomprehension for its ugliness. But however amazed our descendants may be athow far from Utopia we were, they will look just like us。
1. What used to be the danger in being a man according to thefirst paragraph?[A]A lack of mates。
[B]A fierce competition。
[C]A lower survival rate。
[D]A defective gene。
2. What does the example of India illustrate?[A]Wealthy people tend to have fewer children than poor people。
[B]Natural selection hardly works among the rich and the poor。
[C]The middle class population is 80% smaller than that of thetribes。
[D]India is one of the countries with a very high birth rate。
3. The author argues that our bodies have stopped evolving because____。
[A]life has been improved by technological advance[B]the number of female babies has been declining[C]our species has reached the highest stage of evolution[D]the difference between wealth and poverty is disappearing4. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?[A]Sex Ration Changes in Human Evolution[B]Ways of Continuing Man’s Evolution[C]The Evolutionary Future of Nature[D]Human Evolution Going Nowhere名师解析1. What used to be the danger in being a man according to the firstparagraph?根据第一段，做男人以前有什么危险?[A]A lack of mates. 缺少配偶。
[B]A fierce competition. 激烈竞争。
[C]A lower survival rate. 低存活率。
[D]A defective gene. 有缺陷的基因。
【答案】C【考点】事实细节题。
【分析】文中第一段提到“做男人从来都充满危险，新生儿男女比例大约是105:100，但到了成年，这一比例基本持平，而在70岁的老人中女性是男性的两倍，但是男性死亡率高这种普遍情况正在改变，现在男婴存活率同女婴的基本一样高”这说明男人的存活率相对是比较低的。
2. What does the example of India illustrate?印度的例子证明了什么?[A] Wealthy people tend to have fewer children than poor people。
富人往往孩子比穷人少。
[B] Natural selection hardly works among the rich and the poor。
自然选择在穷人和富人之间几乎不起作用。
[C] The middle class population is 80% smaller than that of thetribes。
中产阶级的人口比部落人口少80%。
[D] India is one of the countries with a very high birth rate。
印度是出生率很高的国家之一。
【答案】B【考点】推断题。
【分析】使用事例来证明是常见的逻辑思维模式。
既然有事例，我们就需要看到它的论点是什么。
本文中提到，“进化意义上的自杀还有一种方法：存活，但少生孩子”。
首先“现在几乎没有人像过去那样多育。
除了在一些宗教社区，几乎没有几名妇女会生15个孩子”表明了“当今出生的数量同死亡年龄一样变得平均化，我们大多数人的子女数量大致相当”，再一次，人与人之间的差异和利用差异进行自然选择的机会降低了。
其次，“印度证明了这种情况。
这个国家给大城市里的少数人提供财富，而给其余的各部落居民造成了贫困。
今天这种每个人的生存机会和子女数量都相同的极其显著的平均化意味着与部落相比，自然选择在印度社会中、上层人群中，已经失去了80%的效力”是为了证明“人与人之间的差异和利用差异进行自然选择的机会降低了”，换言之，“自然选择在穷人和富人之间几乎不起作用”。
答案应该是[B]选项。
3. The author argues that our bodies have stopped evolvingbecause____。