湖北湖北省黄石市第二中学高考英语试卷 阅读理解题分类汇编

湖北湖北省黄石市第二中学高考英语试卷阅读理解题分类汇编
一、高中英语阅读理解
1．阅读理解
Our plan was to drive into Cambridge, catch the 7:34 train to Liverpool Street Station, then to separate and meet again for lunch. We should have arrived at Liverpool at 9:19, but due to a typical London fog, the train had to move along so slowly that it was not until 10:30 that it got there. In spite of our late arrival, Joan, my wife's sister, decided that she would go to see the Crown Jewels in the Tower of London while we went shopping. It was only after her sister had disappeared into the fog that my wife realized that we hadn't decided where we should meet for lunch. Since I had our three tickets for the concert in my pocket, this was indeed a problem. There seemed to be nothing we could do except taking a taxi to the Tower of London, and try to find her there. Needless to say, we didn't find her.
It was now one o'clock, and the concert began at 2:30. "Perhaps she will think of waiting outside the concert hall," suggested my wife hopefully. By this time the fog was so thick that road traffic had to stop, and the only way to get there was by underground railway. Hand in hand we felt our way along the road to where we thought the nearest station should be. An hour later we were still trying to find it. Just as I was about to lose my temper completely when we met a blind man tapping his way confidently through the fog. With his help we found Tower Hill tube station just fifty yards down the road.
By now it was far too late even to try to get to the concert hall before the performance began at 2:30, so we decided to return to Cambridge. It took seven long hours instead of the usual two to make that journey. Nor were we able to get any food and drink on the train. Tired and hungry we finally reached home at ten, opening the door to the sound of the telephone bell. It was Joan; she had seen the Crown Jewels, had managed to get another ticket for concert, and had had a wonderful dinner at a restaurant near the hotel where she decided to stay for the night. Now she was ringing to discover whether we had had an equally successful day.
（1）Why was Joan separated from her sister and her brother-in-law?
A. they could not see each other because of the fog.
B. Joan had not seen Crown Jewels.
C. They planned to do different things until lunch time.
D. The writer didn't want to go to the concert.
（2）What did the writer plan to do in the afternoon?
A. Go to the concert.
B. See the Crown Jewels.
C. Return to Cambridge.
D. Go shopping.
（3）The reason why they didn't all meet for lunch was that _______.
A. They lost their way in the fog
B. they forgot to make necessary arrangement
C. they waited at different places and didn't meet each other
D. the couple couldn't find the underground station
（4）It's quite clear that for Joan the trip to London had been ________.
A. spilt by the fog
B. quite tiring
C. rather disappointing
D. very enjoyable
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）B
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者一伙人到伦敦游玩的故事。

由于安排不当，导致当天的活动很是混乱。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Our plan was to drive into Cambridge, catch the 7:34 train to Liverpool Street Station, then to separate and meet again for lunch”可知，他们分开的原因在于他们决定各自做自己的事情，然后中午午餐时相聚。

故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Since I had our thr ee tickets for the concert in my pocket, this was indeed a problem”，可知作者计划去听音乐会。

故选A。

（3）细节理解。

根据第一段中的“It was only after her sister had disappeared into the fog that my wife realized that we hadn't decided where we should meet for lunch. ”可知此前他们并没有做好安排。

故导致午饭时没能聚到一起。

故选B。

（4）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“It was Joan; she had seen the Crown Jewels, had managed to get another ticket for concert, and had had a wonderful dinner at a restaurant near the hotel where she decided to stay for the night”可知Joan玩得很尽兴。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解
As we know, Julian Beever is an international well-known sidewalk chalk artist whose drawings have appeared on the streets of London, Buenos Aires, Paris, New York, and countless other cities around the world. Beever creates drawings that look completely three- dimensional when seen from the correct angle.
Now, in his book, Pavement chalk artist: The three-dimensional drawings of Julian Beever, the artist shares some of his most fascinating and humorous pieces, Here are a few examples you'll find in the book.
●Philadelphia eagle
In Pennsylvania, Beever created "Philadelphiaeagle" a huge drawing with an eagle landing successfully on an American national flag.
●Meeting Mr. Frog
"Meeting Mr. Frog" was created in Salamanca, Spain, and is about a realistic-looking frog sitting on a Lily pad.
Swimming pool in the high street
My personal favorite is "Swimming pool in the high street" from Brussels, which is about a woman relaxing in a swimming pool-----a swimming pool sunk into the middle of the street, that is!
Along with an introduction about his background, Beever includes a description of the techniques he used and the challenges he overcame with every drawing. He shares information about his time at home in the UK. and abroad; there is a fun story to back up each piece of art.
Beever's artwork is truly jaw dropping. You're sure to spend ages turning the leaves back and forth, surprised at how one man can create what looks like a three-dimensional design on a flat surface with just a bit of chalk. From animals to superheroes to famous buildings, the paintings are a wonder to lay eyes on.
Payment chalk artist: The three-dimensional drawings of Julian Beever is surely worth a look. And another look. This 112-page hardcover book is available now from Firefly Books at a list price of $ 29.95
（1）What do we know about the book mentioned in the text?
A. It has a paper cover.
B. It hasn't been published.
C. It includes some drawing techniques.
D. It's a biography of Julian Beever.
（2）What does the underlined part "jaw dropping" most probably mean?
A. Romantic.
B. Amazing.
C. Frightening
D. Depressing.
（3）We can infer that the text is ______.
A. a book review
B. a description of street art
C. an advertisement for a new book
D. an introduction to an artist
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文， Julian Beever是一个国际知名的粉笔艺术家，他的
三维绘画作品已经出现在伦敦，布宜诺斯艾利斯，巴黎，纽约，和世界各地的无数城市的街头。

而在他的新书中这位艺术家也和读者分享了一些他最迷人的和幽默的作品。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“in his book, Pavement chalk artist: The three-dimensional drawings of Julian Beever, the artist shares some of his most fascinating and humorous pieces”, 可知J ulian Beever以绘画而闻名，而他的书中也涵盖了一些他的作品，选C。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据倒数第二段中的“You're sure to spend ages turning the leaves back and forth, surprised at how one man can create what looks like a three-dimensional design on a flat surface with just a bit of chalk”可知读者会惊讶于逼真的三维设计，会反复地翻看，由此判断选B。

（3）考查推理判断。

文章开头介绍了著名的画家，然后通篇介绍他的新书内容，而且文章最后还介绍了书的价格以及去哪里可以购买到此书，由此判断该文是一篇介绍书的广告，选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．（2019•北京）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

By the end of the century, if not sooner, the world's oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.
At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms (海洋微生物) called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the ocean's appearance.
Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface, where they pull carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) into the ocean while giving off oxygen. When these organisms die, they bury carbon in the deep ocean, an important process that helps to regulate the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean's warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.
Stephanie Dutkiewicz, a scientist in MIT's Center for Global Change Science, built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century. In a world that warms up by 3℃, it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur. The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener. "Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing." she said, "but the type of phytoplankton is changing."
（1）What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?
A. The various patterns at the ocean surface.
B. The cause of the changes in ocean colour.
C. The way light reflects off marine organisms.
D. The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.
（2）What does the underlined word "vulnerable" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Sensitive
B. Beneficial
C. Significant
D. Unnoticeable
（3）What can we learn from the passage?
A. Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.
B. Dutkiewicz's model aims to project phytoplankton changes
C. Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate
D. Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.
（4）What is the main purpose of the passage?
A. To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes
B. To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain
C. To explain the effects of climate change on oceans
D. To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）D
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一项最新研究表明，由于气候变暖，世界海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。

这一现象是因为一种叫做浮游植物的微小海洋微生物，因为光线反射的作用，它们在海洋表面形成了五颜六色的图案。

但是浮游植物很容易受到海洋变暖趋势的影响，气候变暖会改变海洋的主要特征，并影响浮游植物的生长。

（1）段落大意题。

第一段“By the end of the century. If not sooner, the world's oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climat e, according to a new study.”可知，到本世纪末，一项新的研究表明，由于气候变暖，如果不尽快的话，世界上的海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。

再根据第二段中的“At the heart phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms called phytoplankton. Becaust of the way light reflects off the organisms ,these phytoplanktons create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration”可知，这种现象的核心是一种叫做浮游植物的微小海洋微生物，在光线的作用下在海洋表面形成了五颜六色的图案。

海洋的颜色从绿色到蓝色不等，这取决于海洋的类型和浮游植物浓度。

由此可推断出这两段主要叙述了海洋生物是海洋颜色变化的原因。

故选B。

（2）词义猜测题。

根据第三段中的“Warming chan ges key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunshine and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.”可知，气候变暖会改变海洋的主要特征，并会影响浮游植物的生长。

由此可判断“But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean's wamning trend”可知，浮游植物很容易受到海洋变暖趋势的影响。

故选A。

（3）推理判断题。

根据第四段中的“The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters ,such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton, and these a reas will turn greener”,可知Dutkiewicz的模型预测，目前只有少量浮游植物的蓝色区域可能会变得更蓝。

但是在一些水域，比如北极，气候变暖会使浮游植物的生长条件更加成熟，而这些水域会变得更绿了”。

由此可推断，浮游植物的生长条件更加成熟，浮游动植物就更多了，这些水域会变得更绿了。

故选D。

（4）主旨大意题。

第一段提出文章的主旨“By the end of the century. If not sooner, the world's oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.”可知到本世纪末。

一项新的研究表明，由于气候变暖，如果不尽快的话，世界上的海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。

再结合第三段“But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean's warning trendWarming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankto n growth, …”可知，“浮游植物很容易受到海洋警告趋势的影响，变暖改变了海洋的关键特征，并能影响浮游植物的生长”。

可知本文主要解释气候变化对海洋及其植物的影响。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测，段落大意和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解
Positive thinking is a significant element of happiness. In order to become a positive thinker, determination and consistency are important. The first thing to know about positive thinking is that everyone can do it. With certain cognitive (认知的) and behavioral changes, we can all become positive thinkers. Another important factor is that being a positive thinker does not mean you become numb to anything that is not working properly in your life or is negative - it just means that you approach life and face challenges with a healthier outlook.
Instead of selectively attending to negative events, focus on the positive ones. Then pay attention to the delayed consequences of your behavior rather than the immediate ones. For example, if a job is not going like you want, focus on the fact that you have a job and how you can take your time to make the situation better.
Challenge any internal attributions and see if you compare your behavior to standards that are excessively rigid and perfectionistic. If so, change these and be reasonable with your comparisons. For example, if you constantly compare your weaknesses with other people's strengths, then switch this and compare yourself with those who are doing poorer than you as well. Overall, people who focus more on their strengths than their weaknesses but at the same time are aware of their weaknesses have a healthier self-evaluation result.
When faced with too much fear about a situation, imagine the worst case and visualize a solution for it, then let go of fear. This way, you will be prepared for anything and your fear will not block you from being open and creative to different solutions. For example, if you are constantly worried about losing your job up to a point where it is creating a lot of anxiety and fear and is effecting your performance and your happiness negatively, then think of losing your job, visualize how you will handle it, find solutions in your mind and then let go of the thought and
the fear attached to it.
So positive thinkers are better problem solvers and have better interactions. In addition to that, people who are positive thinkers are happier and more satisfied with their life.
（1）Why is positive thinking a significant element of happiness?
A. It means that one is blind to the troubles and difficulties that exist.
B. It means that one constantly compares everything with other people's.
C. It means that one is strong in mind and has nothing to be afraid of.
D. It means that one approaches life and faces challenges more healthily.
（2）What does the text suggest about the job you don't like?
A. Quitting it and finding a better one.
B. Keeping and trying to make it better.
C. Being negative and numb to it.
D. Challenging yourself with a new outlook.
（3）What does the author intend to tell us in paragraph 4?
A. Be prepared for the worst: and let go of fear.
B. Being constantly worried will lose your job.
C. Fear will prevent you being open and creative.
D. There is nothing to fear if well prepared.
（4）What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. How to focus on the positive events
B. How to be a positive thinker
C. What to do when faced with fear
D. What to know of self-evaluation
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文为是一篇议论文，积极的思考是幸福的重要组成部分。

要想成为一个积极的思考者，决心和毅力必不可少。

首先你要知道，每个人都能成为积极思考者。

只要改善一定的认知和行为,我们都可以做到。

文章论述了如何成为一个积极的思考者。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的” Another important factor is that being a positive thinker does not mean you become numb to anything that is not working properly in your life or is negative - it just means that you approach life and face challenges with a healthier outlook.“另一个重要的因素是，做一个积极的思考者并不意味着你对生活中任何不完美的事情麻木不仁或是带有悲观的色彩——这只是意味着你以一种更健康的态度对待生活和面对挑战，可推知，积极思考能让一个人更健康地对待生活和面对挑战，这也是一个人感到幸福的重要因素。

故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的”F or example, if a job is not going like you want, focus on the fact that you have a job and how you can take your time to make the situation better.“例如，如果一份工作不像你想要的那样，把注意力集中在你有一份工作这个事实上，以及你如何花时间让情况变得更好，可知，当你有一份不喜欢的工作的时候，你应该坚持并努力让它变得更好。

故选B。

（3）考查段落大意。

第四段中的”When faced with too much fear about a situation, imagine the worst case and visualize a solution for it, then let go of fear.“当面对太多的恐惧时，想象最
坏的情况，想象一个解决方案，然后放下恐惧。

是主题句，也是本段论述的主题。

故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。

纵观全文可知，本文论述了如何成为一个积极的思考者。

因此，B项“如何成为一个积极的思考者”适合做本文最佳标题。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，段落大意和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息的基础上，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解
Artificial intelligence can predict when patients with a heart disorder will die, according to scientists.
The software learned to analyze blood tests and scans of beating hearts to spot signs that the organ was about to fail. The team, from the UK's Medical Research Council, said the technology could save lives by finding patients that need more aggressive treatment. The results were published in the Journal of Radiology.
According to the researchers, high blood pressure in the lungs damages part of the heart, and about a third of patients die within five years after being diagnosed. There are treatments: drugs, injections straight into the blood vessels, a lung transplant. But doctors need to have an idea of how long patients might have left, in order to pick the right treatment.
The software was given scans of 256 patients' hearts, and blood test results. When this data was combined with eight years of patient health records, the artificial intelligence predicted when patients would die.
The software could look about five years into the future. It correctly predicted those who would still be alive after one year about 80% of the time. The figure for doctors is 60%.
The team now want to test the software works in other patients in different hospitals before assessing whether it should be made widely available to doctors. The researchers also want to use the technology in other forms of heart failure, such as cardiomyopathy, to see who might need a pacemaker or other forms of treatment.
Dr Mike Knapton, from the British Heart Foundation, said, "This exciting use of computer software in medical practice will help doctors in the future to make sure that patients are receiving the correct treatment before the condition deteriorates and leaves them needing a lung transplant. The next step is to test this technology in more hospitals with heart disease."
（1）What can artificial intelligence do according to the passage?
A. Predicting how long a person with heart disease can survive.
B. Helping doctors diagnose people with heart disease.
C. Obeying orders and reminding heart disease patients to take pills.
D. Producing medicine without side effects for heart disease patients.
（2）What can we know about the software from the passage?
A. It can make accurate long-term predictions.
B. It has not yet been widely put into use.
C. It can prevent high blood pressure in the lungs damaging part of the heart.
D. It can help doctors make sure that patients are receiving the correct treatment.
（3）The underlined word "deteriorates" in the last paragraph probably means "________."
A. continues
B. worsens
C. exists
D. improves
（4）The author's purpose of writing the text is most likely to _________.
A. advertise
B. persuade
C. inform
D. entertain
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）B
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，科学家称，人工智能可以预测心脏病患者何时死亡，这项技术可以通过找到需要更积极治疗的病人来挽救生命。

以及该软件对病人的预测方式和未来应用领域。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Artificial intelligence can predict when patients with a heart disorder will die, according to scientists.”科学家称，人工智能可以预测心脏病患者何时会死亡。

）可知人工智能可以预测心脏病患者能存活多久。

故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据倒数第二段中的“The team now want to test the software works in other patients in different hospitals before assessing whether it should be made widely available to doctors.”该团队现在想要测试该软件在不同医院的其他病人身上是否有效，然后再评估是否应该让医生广泛使用。

可知该软件尚未广泛使用。

故选B。

（3）考查词义猜测。

根据最后一段中的“leaves them needing a lung transplant”病人需要进行肺移植，可知电脑软件在医疗实践中的应用，将有助于医生在未来确保病人在病情恶化并需要肺移植之前得到正确的治疗。

故划线单词意思为“恶化”。

故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“Artificial intelligence can predict whe n patients with a heart disorder will die, according to scientists.”科学家称，人工智能可以预测心脏病患者何时会死亡。

以及文章主要内容为说明人工智能可以预测心脏病患者能存活多久，这项技术可以通过找到需要更积极治疗的病人来挽救生命。

可知作者写这篇文章的目的最有可能是提供信息。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读你，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解
The founder of electric supercar maker Rimac has said it won't make sense for people to own or drive their own cars in the coming decades.
According to Rimac, most people will no longer own or operate their own cars in the future. Instead, vehicles will be shared, self—driving and electric. These changes are already starting. "There will be people who still want to own their cars and drive their cars and I am happy for that because that is our business," Rimac said. "Long term, I think 20 years down the road, it will be totally changed and people will not own or drive their cars anymore." Rimac's most recent car, the C—Two, comes off the production line next year.
Rimac is well aware the industry is changing quickly due to the rise of self-driving vehicles and electric batteries, and says in the next 20 years driving as we know it may exist mainly as a hobby. "I really believe that humanity goes for things that make sense." he told Newsweek. "If you look at 1.3 million people dying every year on the roads, if you look at the impact it has on economies based on traffic jams and time lost, it's so much of a negative impact to society that I think such a huge benefit can be gained if people stop driving."
"Let's look into the future. You are standing in front of the choice of either investing a huge amount of your money in buying a hunk of metal and plastic for 30, 40, 50 thousand dollars, or you have the convenient option of paying as you go, the car picks you up in a few minutes, it's a nice environment and you spend a few dollars per day on your transport."
"When you take the driver out of the car, transport can be much cheaper and you can use the time to do other things, instead of sitting behind a steering(转向)wheel and not doing anything else. So I think the choice for the vast majority of people will be the obvious one."
（1）What can we learn from paragraph 2?
A.The majority of people will purchase cars.
B.Huge changes will take place in car industry.
C.Driving cars will enjoy more popularity.
D.The car business is gradually disappearing.
（2）What is a major cause of the fast change in the car industry?
A.The rapid growth of self-driving cars.
B.The rise of shared vehicles.
C.The increasing demand of customers.
D.The advanced production line.
（3）How does Rima feel about the future of self-driving cars?
A.Uncertain.
B.Confused.
C.Optimistic.
D.Frightened.
（4）What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.Self-driving cars meet new challenges.
B.Self-driving cars avoid human errors.
C.Possessing or driving cars won't be a must.
D.Conventional cars will be completely replaced.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讲述了由于自动驾驶车辆和电池的兴起，在不远的将来人们不用再买车和驾车，此外自动驾驶车辆将给社会和环境带来巨大好。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“Long term, I think 20 years down the road, it will be totally changed and people will not own or drive their cars anymore.”可知，20年后交通会有巨
大的变化，人们将不会拥有或者驾驶车辆，由此可推测将来汽车产业将会发生巨大变大。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Rimac is well aware the industry is changing quickly due to the rise of self-driving vehicles and electric batteries,“可知汽车产业的巨大变化是由自动驾驶车辆和电池的兴起导致。

故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第五段中的”So I think the choice for the vast majority of people will be the obvious one.”可知Rimac认为很多人都会选择自动驾驶车辆，故推测Rimac对自动驾驶车辆的未来非常乐观。

选C。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据第一段中的“The founder of electric supercar maker Rimac has said it won't make sense for people to own or drive their own cars in the coming decades.“和下文所讲述的内容可知，本文主要围绕将来人们不用再拥有和驾驶车辆展开。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解
It was just before 8 a.m. on October 17, 2010.She'd checked the higher summits forecast posted by the Mount Washington Observatory before she left. Based on her experience, Bales knew that her hike was realistic. Besides, she had two plans and extra layers of clothing to better regulate her temperature as conditions changed.
At 10:30 a.m., the weather was showing its teeth. Bales added even more layers, including a jacket to protect herself from the cold winds and heavy fog. She made her way across the snow—covered ridge toward Mount Washington and began to think about calling it a day. Then she noticed something: a single set of footprints in the snow ahead of her. She'd been following faint tracks all day and hadn't given them much thought, because so many people climbed Jewell Trail. But these, she realized, had been made by a pair of sneakers. She silently scolded the absent hiker for breaking normal safety rules and walked on.
Now she felt genuinely alarmed. She was sure the hiker could not navigate(找到方向)in the low visibility and was heading straight toward the challenging trails of the Great Gulf Wilderness. Bales stood there, shocked. The temperature and clouds were in a race to find their lowest point, and darkness was mere hours away. If Bales continued to follow the tracks, she'd add risk and time to the route she'd already adjusted to manage both. But she could not let this go. She turned to the left and called out, "Hello!" into the frozen fog.
Bales wouldn't get an answer until a week later, when the president of her rescue group received a letter in the mail. It read: "I hope this reaches the right group of rescuers. I want to remain anonymous(匿名的), but I was called John. On Sunday, October 17, I went up my favorite trail, Jewell, to end my life. Weather was to be bad. Thought no one else would be there. I was dressed to go quickly. Next thing I knew this lady was talking to me, changing my clothes, giving me food, making me warmer."
（1）What does the underlined sentence mean?
A.The weather began to get worse.
B.Nobody controlled the weather.
C.Weather could never be predicted.
D.Weather was generally changeable.
（2）Why did Bales feel really frightened?
A.Because she lost her way completely.
B.Because the terrible weather was on the way.
C.Because she was blinded by the frozen fog.
D.Because she was convinced that someone was in trouble.
（3）What is the purpose of John's hiking?
A.To challenge his limit.
B.To go up his favorite trail.
C.To donate some money to rescue group.
D.To kill himself without being discovered.
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，贝尔斯在天气恶劣时去登山，无意发现一串往危险区域行进的脚印，她知道有人陷入了困境。

尽管很害怕，尽管天气情况很糟糕，她还是跟着脚印继续前进，最终救了那个人。

一周后才知道那人名叫约翰，当时准备自杀。

（1）考查句义猜测。

根据第二段中的“Bales added even more layers, including a jacket to protect herself from the cold winds and heavy fog.可知贝尔斯增加更多的衣服来保护自己免受寒风和浓雾的侵袭，由此推断划线部分的意思是“天气正在变得更糟”。

故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“Now she felt genuinely alarmed. She was sure the hiker could not navigate(找到方向)in the low visibility and was heading straight toward the challenging trails of the Great Gulf Wilderness.“可知贝尔斯看到脚印后非常害怕，因为她知道有人无法导航，这个人正在向海湾区域前进，那是最具挑战性的线路，即贝尔斯确信有人遇上麻烦了，所以她感到害怕。

故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的”On Sunday, October 17, I went up my favorite trail, Jewell, to end my life. Weather was to be bad. Thought no one else would be there. I was dressed to go quickly.”可知，约翰这天选择这条线路去登山的目的是在没人看见的情况下结束自己的生命，所以他穿的很少，以便快速行走。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和句义猜测两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解
The idea that computers have some amount of "intelligence" is not new, says Ralph Haupter, the president of Microsoft Asia, pointing as far back as 1950 when computer pioneer Alan Turing asked whether machines can think. "So it has taken nearly 70 years for the right combination of factors to come together to move AI from concept to reality," says Haupter.
It is predicted that the development of artificial intelligence will be the story of the coming generations, not just the coming year, but as 2019 gets underway, you'll find AI will begin to touch your life in many ways according to some researchers.
"Personal assistant AIs will keep getting smarter. As our personal assistants learn more about our daily routines, I can imagine the day I need not to worry about preparing dinner. My AI knows what I like to eat, which days of the week I like to cook at home, and makes sure that when I get back from work all my groceries are waiting at my doorstep, ready for me to prepare that delicious meal I had been longing for." ---Alecjandro Troccoli, senior research scientist, NVIDIA. "Thanks to AI, the face will be the new credit card, the new driver's license and the new barcode (条形码). Facial recognition is already completely transforming security with biometric capabilities being adopted, and seeing how technology and business are connected, like Amazon is with Whole Foods, I can see a near future where people will no longer need to stand in line at the store." ---Georges Nahon, president, Orange Institute, a global research laboratory.
"2019 will be the year AI becomes real for medicine. By the end of the year we're seeing solutions for population health, hospital operations and a broad set of clinical specialties quickly follow behind." ---Mark Michalski, executive director, Massachusetts General Hospital.
（1）What can we know about AI from the first two paragraphs?
A. People didn't expect AI to develop so rapidly.
B. The idea of AI just came up recently.
C. The concept of AI was put forward by Ralph Haupter.
D. It took more than 70 years to turn the concept into reality.
（2）Who sees the future of AI doing housework instead of human being?
A. Alan Turing.
B. Georges Nahon.
C. Mark Michalski.
D. Alejandro Troccoli.（3）What is Georges Nahon's job?
A. Executive director of a hospital.
B. President of a research laboratory.
C. Chairman of an energy corporation.
D. Chief operating officer of a newspaper.
（4）How is the passage developed?
A. By explaining cause and effect.
B. By presenting research results.
C. By listing some predictions.
D. By describing personal experiences.
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）B
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过Alecjandro Troccoli，Georges Nahon以及Mark Michalski对人工智能未来将应用于的领域进行预测和说明。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的”It is predicted that the development of artificial intelligence will be the story of the coming generations, not just the coming year, but as 2019 gets underway, you'll find AI will begin to touch your life in many ways according to some researchers.“据预测，人工智能的发展将成为未来几代人的故事，而不仅仅是未来的一年，但随着2019年的到来，你会发现人工智能将开始在许多方面影响你的生活。

可知从前两段我们可以了解到人们没想到人工智能会发展得这么快。

故选A。