英语句子的种类及练习课件
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其它动词：
1. You will go to America, __w_o__n_’__t _y?ou 2. We have ever been to Shanghai,
__h__a_v_e_n_’_ _t___w_e_ ?
第十三页，共八十页。
C、特殊(tèshū)用法(一）
1. His mother is a doctor, ___i_s_n_’_t__s_h?e 2. The dogs are fighting, __a__re_n_’_ _t__t_h_e?y 3. There is a boy in our classroom, 4. _is__n_’__t_ __t_h_e_r_e_ ?
(3) or not构成的选择疑问句 Do you want to buy it or not？
第九页，共八十页。
4)： 反意 疑问句 (fǎn yì)
A、含义：
在一个陈述句之后附上一个简
短的疑问(yíwèn)句，对陈述句提出相反
的疑问 ，这种疑问 句叫反意疑 (yíwèn)
(yíwèn)
问 句。 如： (yíwèn)
1. He is clever, isn’t he?
2. We speak Chinese, don’t we?
第十页，共八十页。
B、结构 ： (jiégòu)
结构 一： (jiégòu) 前肯，+ 后否 eg. He is clever, isn’t he?
结构 二： (jiégòu) 前否，+ 后肯 eg. He isn’t clever, is he?
Did someone phone me last night? 否定疑问句 Can’t you understand it?
Isn’t it a beautiful lake? ---Haven’t you been to the UK? ---No, I haven’t.
第五页，共八十页。
2）特殊 疑问句 (tèshū)
you last night, _____w_e_r_e_n_’__t__y_o?u
5. She is going to visit me, ___is_n_’__t__s?he 6. I am Chinese, _a_r_e_n_’_ _t___I__?
第十二页，共八十页。
行为动词 ： (dòngcí)
5. His sister doesn’t have a headache, ___d__o_e_s_ __s_h_e_ ?
6. You didn’t call me yesterday, ___d_id___ _y__o_u_?
第十六页，共八十页。
7. You won’t go to U.S.A., __w__i_ll_ __y_o_u? 8. There isn’t a boy in our classroom,
4、“感叹句”
❖ 所谓感叹句，就是用来表达喜怒哀 乐等强烈感情(gǎnqíng)的句子。
第二十页，共八十页。
What a good time we had last night!
What interesting films ! What fine weather we have today! How foolish she is! How clearly you speak! How clever a boy he is!
第十七页，共八十页。
3、祈使句 表达命令(mìng lìng)、要求、请求、劝告等，用原
形。
1）带第二人称的祈使句
Be quiet, please. Don’t make any noise!
You call a taxi. Don’t you forget it.(强调)
Give me a hand, will/won’t/would/wouldn't’ you? 2）带第一(dìyī)、三人称的祈使句
1.特殊疑问句的定义; 以特殊疑问词开头(kāi tóu)，对句中某一成分提 问的句子叫特殊疑问句。
常用的疑问词有： what who whom whose which when where how why等。
第六页，共八十页。
2.特殊疑问句有两种语序
（1）陈述(ché nshù )语序
Who was the first man in space? （2）倒装语序 Whom are you talking about?
三、特殊(tèshū)用法(二）
6. Sit down please, ___w_i_l_l _/ _w_o__n_’__t_y?ou 7. Please call me, ___w__il_l_/_w__o_n_’___t _y_o?u
8. Let’s go home, _s_h_a_l_l _/_s_h_a_n__’__t_w_e? 9. Let us go home, __w_i_ll__/ _w_o_n__’__t_y__ou? 10. Let me see, ___w__i_ll_/__w_o__n_’__t__y_o?u
Let me try again. Let’s go. Let us go.
Let’s not say anything about it./Don’t let’s say…
Let him be here by 10 o’clock.
第十八页，共八十页。
注意：
1、加强语气(yǔqì) Do be careful of my broken leg.
1. It often rains here, ___d_o__e_s_n’__t_ ?it
2. He likes soccer, ___d_o_e_s_n__’_t__h_e? 3. You have a headache, ___d_o__n_’_t__ y?ou 4. I called you yesterday, __d_i_d_n_’_ _t _?I
5.4. There were many cars in the street,
6. _w_e__re__n_’__t ___t_h_e_r_e_ ? 7.5. There will be robots in our families, 8. w__o_n__’__t_ __t_h_e_r_e?
第十四页，共八十页。
I don’t like both the films. I like neither Cathy nor Mary.
3)否定转移
I don’t think it will be very cold today. (believe, expect, suppose, imagine)
第三页，共八十页。
____i_s_ __t_h_e_r_e_ ?
9. There weren’t many cars in the street, __w_e__re__ __t_h_e_r_e_ ?
10. Don’t smoke, ____w_i_ll_ __y_o_u_ ? 11. Don’t let’s do it, _s_h_a_l_l__w_e____ ？
Is he a teacher or a doctor or a policeman?
Shall I help you or can you manage? (2)以特殊疑问句为基础
Which do you prefer, red wine or white?
How shall we go there? By bus or by train?
注：A、简略(jiǎnlüè)式 Why not go alone? Why get so angry?
How/What about taking a rest? B、复杂特殊疑问句
What do you think he has done?
第七页，共八十页。
3）选择 疑问句 (xuǎnzé)
❖ 选择疑问句（alternative questions） ❖ 一般提出两种或两种以上的可能，问对方(duìfāng)选
第十五页，共八十页。
结构 二： (jiégòu) 前否，+ 后肯
1. You aren’t an actor, ___a__re_ _y_o__u? 2. He isn’t a good boy, ____is__ _h_e___ ? 3. It wasn’t fine yesterday, _w_a_s_ __it__ ? 4. It doesn’t rain here, _d_o__e_s_ _i_t__ ?
Do they like skating? How old is he? Is he six or seven years old? Mary can swim, can’t she?
3 、祈使句：
Be careful, boys; Don’t talk in class
4 、感叹句：How clever the boy is!
第二页，共八十页。
1、陈述句 说明一个(yī ɡè)事实或陈述一个(yī ɡè)看法， 有肯定式和否定式，语序是主语在前，谓语在后。
She arrived early. She can not have arrived now.
注：1）半否定句
I hardly know anything about it. 2）部分否定句与全否定句
Do let me have another try. 2 、祈使句的省略式
A :Shall I open the window? B :Yes, please do./ No, please don’t. A :Shall we watch the game?
B :Yes, let’s.
第十九页，共八十页。
❖ What a clever boy (he is)! ❖ What a pity! ❖ 2.“What + 形容词 + 复数可数名词 + （主语 +
谓语）！”如： ❖ What beautiful flowers (they are)! ❖ 3.“What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + （主语 + 谓
择哪一种。 ❖ 其结构可用一般疑问句，也可用特殊疑问句，供
选择的两部分由or连接，前者用升调，后者用降 调，如：
❖ Will you go there by bus or by train？
❖ What would you like，coffee or tea？
第八页，共八十页。
(1)以一般疑问句为基础(jīchǔ)
2、疑问句
❖ （1）疑问句的主要交际功能是提出问题，询问 情况。 (xúnwèn)
(2)、疑问句 的分类(fēn lèi)
❖ 分为一般疑问句、选择疑问句、特殊疑问句和反 意疑问句。
第四页，共八十页。
1）一般疑问句
用来询问一件事，答案(dá àn)通常是yes或 no，注意语 序。
Have you anything to say?
第二十一页，共八十页。
❖ A、感叹句的句式 感叹句一般由what或how开头，句末
加感叹号“！”。 ❖ What修饰名词，
❖ how修饰形容词、副词(fùcí)、动词。
第二十二页，共八十页。
一）以what开头(kāi tóu)的感叹句
❖ 1.“What + a(an) + 形词 + 单数可数名词 + (主语 + 谓语(wèiyǔ))！” 如：
英语句子 的种类 (jù zi) 第一页，共八十页。
一、句子种类两种分类法
( 一 )、按句子的用途可分四种：
1 、陈述句（肯定、否定(fǒudìng)）： He is six years old;
She didn’t hear of you before.
2 、疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意）：
第十一页，共八十页。
结构 一： (jiégòu) 前肯，+ 后否
Be 动词：
1. You are an actor, ____a_r_e_n_’_t___y_o?u 2. He is a good boy, ____i_s_n_’_ _t____h_e? 3. It was fine yesterday, ___w_a__s_n_’__t ? it 4. You were studying when I called
1. You will go to America, __w_o__n_’__t _y?ou 2. We have ever been to Shanghai,
__h__a_v_e_n_’_ _t___w_e_ ?
第十三页，共八十页。
C、特殊(tèshū)用法(一）
1. His mother is a doctor, ___i_s_n_’_t__s_h?e 2. The dogs are fighting, __a__re_n_’_ _t__t_h_e?y 3. There is a boy in our classroom, 4. _is__n_’__t_ __t_h_e_r_e_ ?
(3) or not构成的选择疑问句 Do you want to buy it or not？
第九页，共八十页。
4)： 反意 疑问句 (fǎn yì)
A、含义：
在一个陈述句之后附上一个简
短的疑问(yíwèn)句，对陈述句提出相反
的疑问 ，这种疑问 句叫反意疑 (yíwèn)
(yíwèn)
问 句。 如： (yíwèn)
1. He is clever, isn’t he?
2. We speak Chinese, don’t we?
第十页，共八十页。
B、结构 ： (jiégòu)
结构 一： (jiégòu) 前肯，+ 后否 eg. He is clever, isn’t he?
结构 二： (jiégòu) 前否，+ 后肯 eg. He isn’t clever, is he?
Did someone phone me last night? 否定疑问句 Can’t you understand it?
Isn’t it a beautiful lake? ---Haven’t you been to the UK? ---No, I haven’t.
第五页，共八十页。
2）特殊 疑问句 (tèshū)
you last night, _____w_e_r_e_n_’__t__y_o?u
5. She is going to visit me, ___is_n_’__t__s?he 6. I am Chinese, _a_r_e_n_’_ _t___I__?
第十二页，共八十页。
行为动词 ： (dòngcí)
5. His sister doesn’t have a headache, ___d__o_e_s_ __s_h_e_ ?
6. You didn’t call me yesterday, ___d_id___ _y__o_u_?
第十六页，共八十页。
7. You won’t go to U.S.A., __w__i_ll_ __y_o_u? 8. There isn’t a boy in our classroom,
4、“感叹句”
❖ 所谓感叹句，就是用来表达喜怒哀 乐等强烈感情(gǎnqíng)的句子。
第二十页，共八十页。
What a good time we had last night!
What interesting films ! What fine weather we have today! How foolish she is! How clearly you speak! How clever a boy he is!
第十七页，共八十页。
3、祈使句 表达命令(mìng lìng)、要求、请求、劝告等，用原
形。
1）带第二人称的祈使句
Be quiet, please. Don’t make any noise!
You call a taxi. Don’t you forget it.(强调)
Give me a hand, will/won’t/would/wouldn't’ you? 2）带第一(dìyī)、三人称的祈使句
1.特殊疑问句的定义; 以特殊疑问词开头(kāi tóu)，对句中某一成分提 问的句子叫特殊疑问句。
常用的疑问词有： what who whom whose which when where how why等。
第六页，共八十页。
2.特殊疑问句有两种语序
（1）陈述(ché nshù )语序
Who was the first man in space? （2）倒装语序 Whom are you talking about?
三、特殊(tèshū)用法(二）
6. Sit down please, ___w_i_l_l _/ _w_o__n_’__t_y?ou 7. Please call me, ___w__il_l_/_w__o_n_’___t _y_o?u
8. Let’s go home, _s_h_a_l_l _/_s_h_a_n__’__t_w_e? 9. Let us go home, __w_i_ll__/ _w_o_n__’__t_y__ou? 10. Let me see, ___w__i_ll_/__w_o__n_’__t__y_o?u
Let me try again. Let’s go. Let us go.
Let’s not say anything about it./Don’t let’s say…
Let him be here by 10 o’clock.
第十八页，共八十页。
注意：
1、加强语气(yǔqì) Do be careful of my broken leg.
1. It often rains here, ___d_o__e_s_n’__t_ ?it
2. He likes soccer, ___d_o_e_s_n__’_t__h_e? 3. You have a headache, ___d_o__n_’_t__ y?ou 4. I called you yesterday, __d_i_d_n_’_ _t _?I
5.4. There were many cars in the street,
6. _w_e__re__n_’__t ___t_h_e_r_e_ ? 7.5. There will be robots in our families, 8. w__o_n__’__t_ __t_h_e_r_e?
第十四页，共八十页。
I don’t like both the films. I like neither Cathy nor Mary.
3)否定转移
I don’t think it will be very cold today. (believe, expect, suppose, imagine)
第三页，共八十页。
____i_s_ __t_h_e_r_e_ ?
9. There weren’t many cars in the street, __w_e__re__ __t_h_e_r_e_ ?
10. Don’t smoke, ____w_i_ll_ __y_o_u_ ? 11. Don’t let’s do it, _s_h_a_l_l__w_e____ ？
Is he a teacher or a doctor or a policeman?
Shall I help you or can you manage? (2)以特殊疑问句为基础
Which do you prefer, red wine or white?
How shall we go there? By bus or by train?
注：A、简略(jiǎnlüè)式 Why not go alone? Why get so angry?
How/What about taking a rest? B、复杂特殊疑问句
What do you think he has done?
第七页，共八十页。
3）选择 疑问句 (xuǎnzé)
❖ 选择疑问句（alternative questions） ❖ 一般提出两种或两种以上的可能，问对方(duìfāng)选
第十五页，共八十页。
结构 二： (jiégòu) 前否，+ 后肯
1. You aren’t an actor, ___a__re_ _y_o__u? 2. He isn’t a good boy, ____is__ _h_e___ ? 3. It wasn’t fine yesterday, _w_a_s_ __it__ ? 4. It doesn’t rain here, _d_o__e_s_ _i_t__ ?
Do they like skating? How old is he? Is he six or seven years old? Mary can swim, can’t she?
3 、祈使句：
Be careful, boys; Don’t talk in class
4 、感叹句：How clever the boy is!
第二页，共八十页。
1、陈述句 说明一个(yī ɡè)事实或陈述一个(yī ɡè)看法， 有肯定式和否定式，语序是主语在前，谓语在后。
She arrived early. She can not have arrived now.
注：1）半否定句
I hardly know anything about it. 2）部分否定句与全否定句
Do let me have another try. 2 、祈使句的省略式
A :Shall I open the window? B :Yes, please do./ No, please don’t. A :Shall we watch the game?
B :Yes, let’s.
第十九页，共八十页。
❖ What a clever boy (he is)! ❖ What a pity! ❖ 2.“What + 形容词 + 复数可数名词 + （主语 +
谓语）！”如： ❖ What beautiful flowers (they are)! ❖ 3.“What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + （主语 + 谓
择哪一种。 ❖ 其结构可用一般疑问句，也可用特殊疑问句，供
选择的两部分由or连接，前者用升调，后者用降 调，如：
❖ Will you go there by bus or by train？
❖ What would you like，coffee or tea？
第八页，共八十页。
(1)以一般疑问句为基础(jīchǔ)
2、疑问句
❖ （1）疑问句的主要交际功能是提出问题，询问 情况。 (xúnwèn)
(2)、疑问句 的分类(fēn lèi)
❖ 分为一般疑问句、选择疑问句、特殊疑问句和反 意疑问句。
第四页，共八十页。
1）一般疑问句
用来询问一件事，答案(dá àn)通常是yes或 no，注意语 序。
Have you anything to say?
第二十一页，共八十页。
❖ A、感叹句的句式 感叹句一般由what或how开头，句末
加感叹号“！”。 ❖ What修饰名词，
❖ how修饰形容词、副词(fùcí)、动词。
第二十二页，共八十页。
一）以what开头(kāi tóu)的感叹句
❖ 1.“What + a(an) + 形词 + 单数可数名词 + (主语 + 谓语(wèiyǔ))！” 如：
英语句子 的种类 (jù zi) 第一页，共八十页。
一、句子种类两种分类法
( 一 )、按句子的用途可分四种：
1 、陈述句（肯定、否定(fǒudìng)）： He is six years old;
She didn’t hear of you before.
2 、疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意）：
第十一页，共八十页。
结构 一： (jiégòu) 前肯，+ 后否
Be 动词：
1. You are an actor, ____a_r_e_n_’_t___y_o?u 2. He is a good boy, ____i_s_n_’_ _t____h_e? 3. It was fine yesterday, ___w_a__s_n_’__t ? it 4. You were studying when I called