晋商英文版介绍

唐 晋 三 晋 山 西
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全省总面积156579平方公里， 2010年总人口3610万人，现辖太原、 大同、朔州、阳泉、长治、忻州、吕 梁、晋中、临汾、运城、晋城等11个 地级市，共 85个县，11个县级市， 23个市辖区，省会太原。
Traders introduction
Traders
refers to shanxi businessmen, shanxi referred to as the "jin". The traders in Chinese history initiates the ticket. "Ticket" were merchants trading as a way of distant trade ,circulating world, It have a glorious time in the Chinese history . Up to now still says "shanxi people are good at doing business, are good at financing" .
personal ability become the capital (人身顶股制)
Although
the shopkeeper and apprentice have no capital stock, but can invest own labor force sharing the shares of stock and participated in sharing the dividends. But does not assume responsibility for compensate. The system can give some reference in today labor disputes .
The Origins of Jin Merchant



1 Pre-Qin Times: There are several commercial activities in the south of Jin. 2 Qin-Han Times：Some cities become important commodity distribution market such as Pingyao, Taiyuan, Fenyang. 3 The Tang Dynasty: Taiyuan become a famous business city. But shanxi merchant in this period has not a certain organization and the prominent position. 4 The Song Dynasty: Jin Merchant become the backbone of the business in China. 5 From the Ming Dynasty to Qing Dynasty：A further development of Jin merchants forces.明代全国较大的商 业城市有33个，山西就有太原、平阳、蒲州（永济）三处。 山西商人资本积累相当可观： “平阳、泽、潞富豪甲天下， 非数十万不称富”。
spirit
Diligence,
credit, guaranteed quality, these three aspects are the soul of the traders spirit. Jin merchants mostly establish the career without any capital basic. By hardworking and intelligence, their trades spread worldwide.

Strict Apprentice employment is very rigid. After passing the exam, they are sent to a skilled teacher for culture. The training content is divided into business technology and professional ethics, then sent to the commercial port to observe its behavior.
Second-ranking Shopkeeper Responsibility System(掌柜负责制)
The shopkeeper must pass shareholder strict exam before hiring. The candidate has confirmed that can deal with some important, urgent accident, and having both ability and moral integrity, can bear the burden. Once selected hire, shareholders will not intervene all business activities. Only inspect the year-end final accounts business report. The shopkeeper is responsible for running the bussiness.

The war leaded to large overseas property loss. After the Russia October revolution, many traders assets confiscated(没收), then Mongolia independent is one of the important blow, traders lose gradually important overseas market. Overseas tea trade have an important position in the trade business , unable to conduct tea trade ,which is a great shock to the traders. Actively nearly five hundred years traders were drowned in rolling stream of the history.
Jin
merchants active that many ancient literature have the records. It has a famous reputation at Ming Dynasty. At the early Qing Dynasty, the original capital of Jin merchant capital forms gradually, at the middle of Qing Dynasty, the career of Jin merchants reach a summit, and establish the earliest Chinese “bank”.

Thank you!
Jin merchants
晋商
山西（Shanxi）
The name Shanxi literally means “mountain„s west”, which refers to the province‟s location west of the Taihang Mountains. Shanxi, the territory of state of Jin during the Spring and Autumn Period (722 BC - 403 BC), underwent a three-way split into the states of Han, Zhao and Wei in 403 BC, the traditional date taken as the start of the Warring States Period (403 BC - 221 BC).
the Decline of Jin Merchant
The reason of the decline of the traders also can be summarized by the following equations: The Qing government's perish + aggression (the outbreak of world war ii) = traders of decline Close contact with the government on the road, not only take glorious opportunity ,but also sow a seed of the traders collapse. More closer the government, more influence , this truth is obvious.

“既无长途运现之烦，又无中途水火盗贼之险， 而收解又可两清。商业之兴，国富以增，票 庄历史上贡献不可谓不大。” 经济学家马寅初曾评价山西票号的贡献。
Jin merchants created history that has three obvious features:
First
of all, the business scope is wide. Secondly, business space throughout the country, and even abroad. Finally, Jin merchants set up a perfect scientific management system.
the Rise of Jin Merchant
The
reasons of the traders rising can be summarized by the following equations: Life force + advantage geographical position + excellent management system + successful public relations (depending on government) = the traders rising