(英语)高二英语阅读理解(教育文化)解题技巧及练习题含解析

（英语）高二英语阅读理解(教育文化)解题技巧及练习题含解析
一、高中英语阅读理解教育文化类
1．阅读理解
It is hard to say the first day of school in the United States because when the first day of school is and what happens on the first day of school usually are different by districts(地区).
The first day of school for many school districts in different states is on the day after the first Monday in September. In some other school districts, school begins in mid-to-late August. For example, the Denver, Colorado schools go back in mid-August and schools in Cleveland, Ohio start back usually one week before the first Monday in September. The Boston, Chicago, New York City and San Diego schools start back on the Tuesday or Wednesday after the first Monday in September.
Schools in Cleveland, Ohio used to start the school year on the day after the first Monday in September, but in the 1976-1977 and 1977-1978 academic years, the school year was affected by several bad snowstorms, extreme cold. In the 1978-1979 school year, the Ohio Department of Education moved the start of the year to late August, one week before the first Monday in September. This went into effect in the 1980-1981 school year.
In most school districts in Utah, the school year starts between August 25 and August 30, and goes until the last week of May or the first week in June next year.
In American high schools, the freshmen class usually goes back one or two days before the rest of the school body for an orientation(迎新)period. An orientation period helps the freshmen get familiar with their new school, its rules, and surroundings.
In some schools, the freshmen classes have their photographs taken for identification purposes. Some high schools have tried to make the first week of school fun for incoming freshmen.
（1）According to the passage, which schools start their school year the earliest?
A. Schools in Denver.
B. Schools in Cleveland.
C. Schools in New York City.
D. Schools in Boston.
（2）Why did the Ohio Department of Education change the start of the school year?
A. Because of some political events.
B. Because of the entrance examinations.
C. Because of the increasing number of students.
D. Because of the extreme weather.
（3）How many months does the school year last in schools in Utah?
A. About seven months.
B. About eight months.
C. About nine months.
D. About ten months.
（4）The article is probably taken from ________.
A. a book about one's life story
B. an official website of education
C. an advertisement in a newspaper
D. a sports magazine
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，美国开学第一天的日期没有明文规定，因地区而
（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的”For example, the Denver, Colorado schools go back in mid-August and schools in Cleveland, …Monday in September.“ 可知，丹佛的学校在八月中旬开学,克里夫兰的学校通常在9月的第一个星期一之前开始。

波士顿，芝加哥，纽约和圣地亚哥的学校在9月的第一个星期一之后的周二或周三开始。

综上所述，丹佛的学校开学最早。

故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的"but in the 1976-1977 and 1977-1978 academic years，the school year was affected by several bad snowstorms，extreme cold"可知俄亥俄州的学校受到暴风雪的影响，因而开学日发生了变化。

故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第四段中的”In most school distri cts in Utah, the school year starts …next year.“可知犹太州学年从8月25日到8月30日开始，一直持续到5月的最后一周或明年6月的第一周，持续时间为九个月左右，故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。

纵观全文可知，本文介绍了美国学校开学第一天的日期的内容，应属教育类，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解
Rumors(谣言): we've all heard some and we've all spread some. In more traditional times they shook entire families. Today, they circulate differently because the way we share information has also changed.
The fact is that rumors have great potential to upset things, whether socially or personally. We don't enjoy being on the receiving end of one, since they usually don't have good intentions. They are somewhat veiled(掩饰的) messages.
Normally rumors are oral messages: word of mouth. The paradox(自相矛盾) is that there is no evidence to support rumors, but the more people share it, the more they see it as true. To finish defining rumors, we think that they follow certain very clear laws. Secrecy: The source is unknown. There is also a proven phenomenon that human beings usually forget the source of a message before they forget its content. Certainty: We hardly question rumors simply because of the mental effort involved. On the other hand, no one likes to doubt a person who convinces us that the information they spread is true. Change: It acts like a tree. New rumors branch out to fill in the gaps left by the initial rumor.
Another property of rumors is that they tend to become viral. Each receiver is at the same time a potential transmitter of the information. The receiver often adds their own opinion. Their manner and tone of transmitting it also changes it.
How can we end rumors? The answer is as simple as it is impossible: preventing people from communicating. A more realistic response is equally difficult, although less than the first one. It is that we should be critical of the information we receive. We should ask ourselves if the source is reliable. Ask (if possible) the person you heard it from whether they also trust the information. We should also think about if the rumor benefits someone, and if that someone started the
One rumor to be especially cautious of is a rumor about groups relatively unable to defend themselves. That's why we say, "history is always told by the victors." The first payment the defeated must make is to accept the victor's version of the story.
（1）What's the author's attitude towards rumors?
A.Critical.
B.Positive.
C.Approving.
D.Cautious.
（2）What can we learn about rumors?
A.We have all heard some and believed them.
B.We're happy to be the receiving end of them.
C.They may have negative influence on society.
D.They often hide good intentions in the messages.
（3）How are rumors like trees?
A.Rumors keep changing, just as trees change their color.
B.Rumors are deeply rooted in reality, like tree roots in the earth.
C.New rumors have gaps, like the space between tree branches.
D.New rumors grow out of the original, like branches out of a trunk.
（4）What does the underlined word "viral" in Paragraph 4 probably mean?
A.Something easily spread
B.Something acceptable
C.Something easily defended.
D.Something beneficial.
（5）Which of the following may the author agree with?
A.It is easy to prevent people from spreading rumors.
B.People are often active in judging the rumors critically.
C.We should think about the hidden message of the rumors.
D.Stories told by the victors are usually better worth trusting.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）D
（4）A
（5）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，介绍了什么是谣言，谣言的危害，特点及怎样避免谣言。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“In more traditional times they shook entire families.”；第二段中的“The fact is that rumors have great potential to upset things, whether socially or personally.”；以及第四段中的“Another property of rumors is that they tend to become viral.”等信息可知作者认为谣言会对个人生活和社会造成混乱，作者对谣言是批评的态度。

故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“The fact is that rumor s have great potential to upset things, whether socially or personally.”可知谣言会对个人生活和社会造成混乱，给社会带来不良影响。

故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“Change: It acts like a tree. New rumors branch out to fill in the gaps left by the initial rumor.”把谣言比作树，新谣言的出现填补了最初谣言留下的空白。

这说明新的谣言从原来的地方冒出来，就像树枝从树干冒出来一样。

故选D。

（4）考查词义猜测。

根据第四段中的“Each receiver is at the same time a potential transmitter of the information. The receiver often adds their own opinion. Their manner and tone of transmitting it also changes it.”可知每个接收者同时又是信息潜在的发送者。

接收者通常还会添加自己的观点或改变信息。

这是在说谣言的危害，像病毒一样容易传播。

画线的“viral”即指像病毒一样容易传播，故选A。

（5）考查推理判断。

根据倒数第二段中的“It is that we should be critical of the information we receive. We should ask ourselves if the source is reliable. Ask (if possible) the person you heard it from whether they also trust the information. We should also think about if the rumor benefits someone, and if that someone started the rumor.”可知我们要理性对待谣言，核实信息的准确性，可信度，评估对别人的影响，即考虑谣言的背后信息。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解
There are around 600,000 vegans (素食者) in the UK. That's just over 1% of the population —an amount expected to increase to 25% by 2025. And if there's one type of food that Brits love, it is fast food. People in the UK love it so much that there was a 34% increase in the number of fast food outlets from 2010 to 2018. It's no surprise, then, that vegan fast food is also on the rise.
Vegan fast food has become big business. At Just Eat, an online food delivery company, vegan orders more than doubled in 2018. Greggs, a chain of high-street bakeries, named its vegan sausage roll the "fastest - selling product in six years". And big franchises such as McDonald's and KFC have announced meat-free chicken nuggets (鸡块) to come in the future.
What's. driving this popularity? Katrina Fox, founder of Vegan Business Media, believes it's the result of the breaking down of stereotypes (成见). "Vegan food is no longer seen as a bit of lettuce and lentils — you can eat pretty much anything".
It's also claimed that there are health benefits. John Marulanda, owner of Mooshies is a vegan burger bar in London —wants to implement "a change to a healthy version of fast food. Something, he claims, that comes as a result of the inherent nutritional value of the ingredients they use.
But, is vegan fast food actually healthy? Azmina Govindji of the British Dietetic Association says "not to assume" that is the case, "It's fine if those products have got vitamin B12, iodine or calcium added to them, but they can still be fried, it can still have lots of creamy, fatty sauces and lots of salt.
Given the current growth in orders, the trend for vegan fast food isn't likely to disappear any
time soon, Health — wise, it may not be any more nourishing than regular fast food, but for many, the lack of animal suffering involved in the process is a big plus.
（1）What's the main idea of Paragraph 1?
A.Vegans in the UK are increasing.
B.British people love junk food.
C.Eating too much fast food is bad for health.
D.Vegan fast food is becoming popular in Britain.
（2）Which might be the reason for the popularity of vegan fast food?
A.Its unique flavors.
B.The change of life pace.
C.Its health benefits.
D.Its colorful decorations.
（3）What is Azmina Govindji's opinion about vegan fast food?
A.It is not so healthy.
B.It is more varied.
C.It is more nutritious.
D.It will soon disappear.
（4）Why do many people tend to vegan fast food according to the last sentence?
A.To keep a balanced diet.
B.For religious reasons.
C.Out of the love for animals.
D.It's cheaper than regular food.
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）A
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，素食快餐在英国越来越受欢迎，文章陈述了它受欢迎的潜在原因。

于此同时，也有人认为素食快餐并没有那么健康，可能人们选择素食快餐是出于对动物的爱。

（1）考查段落大意。

根据第一段中的“It's no surprise , then, that vegan fast food is also on the rise. ”毫无以外，素食快餐也在增加，可知，本段主要讲述随着快餐在英国的增加，素食快餐也在增加，即素食快餐在英国变得越来越受欢迎。

故选D。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的“It's also claimed that there are health benefits. ”它还声称对健康有益)可知，素食快餐流行的原因之一是对健康有好处。

故选C。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据倒数第二段中的“Azmina Govindji of the British Dietetic Association says ‘not to assume’ that is the case, "It's fine if those p roducts have got vitamin B12, iodine or calcium added to them.. but they can still be fried, it can still have lots of creamy, fatty sauces and lots of salt.”英国饮食协会的Azmina Govindji说，“不要假设”是这样的情况，“如果这些产品含有维生素B12就好了，加入碘或钙。

但是它们仍然是油炸，仍然有许多奶油、脂肪和很多盐。

”可推测，Azmina Govindji认为素食快餐并没有那么健康，因为它们仍然用来油炸，
含有大量脂肪和盐。

故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“Health - wise, it may not be any more nourishing than regular fast food, but for many， the lack of animal suffering involved in the process is a big plus.”在健康方面，它可能不会比普通快餐更营养，但对于很多人来说，在整个过程中没有动物受苦是一大好处，可知，很多人选择素食快餐是因为没有动物的痛苦在里面，故推测他们是出于对动物的爱而选择素食快餐的。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解
A recent documentary produced by the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) has caused a stir in China and in the UK.
The documentary, titled Are Our Kids Tough Enough? focuses on five Chinese teachers who are sent to teach 50 UK teens at a school in Hampshire.
The teachers instruct the students for a month. The pupils are then tested, and the results are compared to the ones of those who have continued in the regular UK education system. The idea is to see if the Chinese method improves academic performance.
The Chinese teachers use their own teaching methods but receive strong resistance from the students. A clip from the documentary online shows some problems, with Chinese teachers calling their students lazy and lacking in discipline, while the students say the high pressure and harsh teachers are driving them crazy.
This has aroused a new debate in both China and the UK, with some arguing the teenagers need more regulation and discipline. Others say Chinese methods encourage rote learning (死记硬背) instead of independent thinking. For instance, Chinese language teachers should do more than pass on knowledge about words and characters. They should inspire students, helping them feel the sentiment from Chinese literature. This is a higher level of teaching.
Yang Dongping, dean of the 21st Century Education Research Institute, says, "The Chinese teaching methods are designed to strictly train the majority. Foreign teaching methods, however, are more natural and relaxing, and designed to inspire students' interest in learning. Education methods are based on culture. That is why a successful education method in one place may not work that well when simply 'transplanted' into another place."
Yang Dongping says, "The documentary does reflect some problems rooted in traditional Chinese teaching methods. Nobel prize winner, Yang Zhenning, gave a very fair comment on this issue. He said the Chinese-style education method works for most ordinary qualified students effectively, helping them reach high standards. However, it may weaken the training for high-potential outstanding students."
（1）Why are five Chinese teachers sent to teach 50 UK teens?
A.To test the intelligence of the UK teens.
B.To help the school improve their teaching efficiency.
C.To do some practical research into the UK education system.
D.To test the effectiveness of Chinese teaching methods.
（2）What's the meaning of the underlined word "harsh" in the fourth paragraph?
A.Extremely strict
B.Quite friendly
C.Rather cold
D.Very attractive
（3）According to Yang Dongping Chinese teaching methods ______.
A.fit all countries
B.could be improved
C.are the best in the world
D.are not as good as British methods
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一部关于教学方法的纪录片在中英两国引起了不小的关注——五名中国老师被派去教英国学生，结果学生很不适应，这说明教学方法是以文化为基础的，在一个国家取得成功的教学方法在另一个国家不一定奏效。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“The idea is to see if the Chinese method improves academic performance.”这个想法是为了看看中国的方法是否能提高学习成绩，可知，五名中国老师被派去教英国学生是为了检验中国教学方法的成效。

故选D。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第四段中的“ with Chinese teachers calling their students lazy and lacking in discipline, while the students say the high pressure and harsh teachers are driving them crazy.”中国老师称他们的学生懒惰和缺乏纪律，而学生则说压力太大和严厉的老师让他们发狂。

由此可知，划线词意为“严厉的”。

故选A。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据倒数第二段中的“The Chinese teaching methods are designed to strictly train the majority. Foreign teaching methods, however, are more natural and relaxing, and designed to inspire students' interest in learning. Education methods are based on culture.”可知，杨东平认为，中国的教学方法侧重于严格要求，而英国的教学方法更为自然和轻松，旨在激发学生的学习兴趣，教学方法是以文化为基础的。

由此可知，杨东平认为中国的教学方法有待改进。

故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解
Young mums shopping in the Copley Mall in downtown Boston-month found themselves being questioned about their use of soap by students from Harvard Business School usually known as HBS. The students were not doing odd jobs to earn beer money. They were preparing to help a firm in Brazil launch an antibacterial cleanser.
The 900 students arriving in Boston this summer for their two-year course were told that they
would be subjects. The new practical addition to HBS's curriculum is known as "FIELD" that stands for Field Immersion Experiences for Leadership Development. Fieldwork — ie, going out and talking to people — is a big change for HBS.
Not all the staff and students were overjoyed to be experimented on. But the man responsible, Nitin Nohria, head of HBS, says that "If it works, the FIELD method could become an equal partner to the case method."
What happens in the second year of the new course is still being worked out. But the first year has three elements. First, team-building exercises. Students take turns to lead a group engaged in
a project. They learn to cooperate and to give and take feedback. Second, students will be sent to work for a week with one of more than 140 firms in 11 countries. In the third part of the course, students will be given eight weeks, and seed money of ＄3,000 each, to launch a small company. The most successful, as voted by their fellow students, will get more funding. The experiment does not come cheap, adding 5-10% to the course's cost, which HBS will bear while it figures out what works.
（1）Why were the students questioning those young mums, according to the first paragraph?
A.To promote an antibacterial cleanser.
B.To earn some money.
C.To prepare to help a firm to launch a product.
D.To make a study about soap.
（2）According to the plan for the first year course, the students_________.
A.will be led by a group and learn to give and take feedback
B.will have to set up a small company and earn at least $3,000 within eight weeks
C.will get more funding if his/her company is considered to be most successful by the fellow students
D.will be sent to work with one of more than 140 firms throughout the country
（3）What's the best title for the text?
A.A New Course.
B.Ways of Learning.
C.Learning Business in Practice.
unching a New Business.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了哈佛大学的一个新方案，即让学生通过实践学习。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“The students were not doing odd jobs to earn beer money. They were preparing to help a firm in Brazil launch an antibacterial cleanser.”可知，这些
学生并不在打临时工赚取啤酒钱，他们在帮助一家巴西公司发布一款抗病菌洁面乳做准备
工作。

由此可知，学生们询问年轻的妈妈们是为了推广一款抗病菌洁面乳。

故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“The most successful, as voted by their fellow students, will ge t more funding.”可知，按照同学投票，最成功的公司将给予更丰厚的资金。

由此可知，根据第一年的课程计划，如果同学们认为他/她的公司是最成功的，他/她的公司将获得更多的资金。

故选C。

（3）考查主旨大意。

纵观全文可知，哈佛商学院改良其商业课程，让学生实地工作，走出教室，与人交谈并且还给出三个具体的要素。

就是让学生把学到的知识运用到实践中去，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解
A study of 3,884 students from primary schools to colleges found that examinations made 83.1 percent of primary students anxious, and more than 40 percent of high school children were out of sorts (身体不适)because of stress and anxiety.
Moreover, 75 percent of the high school respondents admitted that they had problems talking to their parents and more than 55 percent of them found it hard to associate with other people, according to the study.
It is not difficult to conclude that our children are not happy.
Today's kids are coming home from school weighed down with backpacks full of books and worksheets. They are spending hours at desk at night, seldom going outside to play and getting to bed late.
How can this be a good thing?
Homework is eating away children's time to play freely with neighborhood kids - and more importantly, their time to sleep.
Homework can enrich the education process. But like all things, too much of it may dampen (减少）a student's enthusiasm for learning. To raise cheerful, contented and well-mannered children, parents need to put in a lot of time and effort. Their eyes should go beyond their children's preparations for tests. Children need a break too. So let them be in control of parts of the day.
（1）What does the passage mainly talk about?
A.High school students suffer more than primary school students.
B.Most of the students have no problem talking to their parents.
C.The teenagers suffer from heavy workload.
D.The students are not happy at home.
（2）According to the text, what do the children have to do with too much homework?
A.They have to take their backpacks.
B.They have to stay up late.
C.They have to eat more.
D.They have more time to play outdoors.
（3）What does the author suggest the parents do?
A.They should spend more time with their children.
B.They need to ask their children to work hard.
C.They should not care about their children's test results.
D.They need to give children more free time.
（4）What is the author's attitude toward giving children too much homework?
A.Negative.
B.Supportive.
C.Unconcerned.
D.Uncertain
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了小学生和高中生的压力很大，产生的原因在于青少年的学习负担过于繁重，由此作者向家长们提出呼吁，请给学生们一些自由的时间去放松一下。

（1）考查主旨大意。

根据第一段中的数据83.1%、40%、75%、55%可知，小学生和高中生的压力很大；以及第四段中的“Today's kids are coming home from school weighed down with backpacks full of books and worksheets. They are spending hours at desk at night, seldom going outside to play and getting to bed late.”可知，孩子们放学回家，书包里装满书和资料。

晚上在书桌前学习几个小时，很少出门玩耍并且上床睡觉很晚。

这是由现象分析原因，看得出小学生和高中生的压力很大的原因在于青少年的学习负担过于繁重，因此文章的主要内容是青少年的学习负担过于繁重。

故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第四段中“They are spending hours at desk at night, seldom going outside to play and getting to bed late.”孩子们晚上在书桌前学习几个小时，很少出门玩耍并且上床睡觉很晚，可知，孩子们必须熬夜做过多的家庭作业。

故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“Their eyes should go beyond their children's preparations for tests. Children need a break too. So let them be in control of parts of the day.”父母的眼睛不要总是关注孩子为考试做的准备。

孩子们也需要休息，因此要让他们自由控制一天中的某些时间，可知，作者建议父母需要给孩子更多的空闲时间以使他们得到放松。

故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第五段中的“How can this be a good thing?”这怎么可能是一件好事？和“too much of it may dampen （减少）a student's enthusiasm for learning”太多作业可能会削弱学生的学习热情，可知，作者对于给孩子太多家庭作业去做这件事持否定态度。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解
Other people may have their own ideas about our lives. We can value their advice, but we don't have to take it to heart.
Our parents have dreams for us. They want us to do well in school and to do whatever is
necessary to reach our highest potential (潜力). Later in life, friends may try to set us up with their ideas of the perfect partner or the perfect job. People close to us may have ideas about how we should live our lives, ideas that usually come from love and the desire for us to be happy. Other times, they come from a place of need within them whether it is a parent who wants us to live out his or her dreams or a friend who wants us to play a good role. Whatever the case, we can appreciate and consider those people's advice, but ultimately we must follow our own guidance.
There may come a time when all the suggestions can become overbearing (专横的). We may feel that the people we love don't agree on our judgment, which can hurt our feelings. It can affect the choices we make for our lives by making us doubt ourselves before we've had a chance to decide what we want. We can tell our loved ones how much we appreciate their thoughts and ideas, but that we need to live our own lives and make our own decisions. We can explain that they need to let us learn from our own experiences. When they see that we are happy with our lives and the path we are taking to reach our goals, they can make sure that all we need them to do is to share in our joy.
（1）People close to us often tell us ideas to show their ________.
A.power
B.concern
C.potential
D.happiness
（2）When a friend's advice is overbearing, we may feel__________.
A.determined
B.frightened
C.doubtful
D.grateful
（3）What should we do if we don't accept our friends' advice?
A.Tell them our choices directly.
B.Let them experience our ways of life.
C.Share our own experiences with them.
D.Let them know we should make our own decisions.
（4）What is the best title for the text?
A.Appreciating Suggestions
B.Avoiding Making Suggestions
C.Accepting Suggestions
D.Offering Suggestions
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）D
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，其他人可能对我们的人生规划有帮助，我们可以考虑他们的建议，但是我们没必要全部放在心上。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“People close to us may have ideas about how we should live our lives, ideas that usually come from love and the desire for us to be happy.”我们身边的人可能对我们应该如何生活有自己的想法，这些想法通常来自对我们的爱和对我们幸福生活的渴望。

可推断出我们身边的人经常告诉我们一些想法，来表达他们的关心，故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“There may come a time when all the suggestions can become overbearing (专横的). We may feel that the people we love don't agree on our judgment, which can hurt our feelings. It can affect the choices we make for our lives by making us doubt ourselves before we've had a chance to decide what we want.”也许有一天，所有的建议都会变得专横。

我们可能会觉得我们爱的人不同意我们的判断，这可能会伤害我们的感情。

在我们有机会决定想要什么之前，它会让我们怀疑自己，从而影响我们为生活所做的选择。

可推断出当朋友的建议过于专横时，我们可能会怀疑。

故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“We can tell our loved ones how much we appreciate their thoughts and ideas, but that we need to live our own lives and make our own decisions.”可知如果我们不接受朋友的建议，我们应该让他们知道我们要自己做决定，故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。

第一段中的“We can value their advice, but we don't have to take it to heart.”是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了其他人可能对我们的人生有规划，我们可以考虑他们的建议，但是我们没必要全部放在心上。

所以这篇文章最好的题目是“欣赏建议”，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解
Organic food (有机食品) is very popular. It is also expensive. Some organic food costs twice as much as non-organic food. Some parents and pet owners pay up to 200 percent more for organic food while some people think organic food is a waste of money.
There is one main difference between organic and nonorganic food. Organic farms do not use agricultural chemicals, such as pesticides (杀虫剂). This makes sure that the products are natural. Some people think "organic" means "locally grown". At the beginning, this was true. Over time organic farming became more difficult. The demand for organic food grew larger than the supply. Small companies had to sell out to large companies. There weren't enough organic materials. This made it difficult for many organic companies to stay in business. Today, many large companies have an organic line of products.
Is organic food more nutritious (有营养的)? This is part of the debate. Many farmers and consumers (消费者) believe it is. They think agricultural chemicals cause health problems, such as cancer. Many health experts disagree. Few studies prove that organic food prevents health problems. Health experts worry more about bacteria (细菌). These can come into contact with organic and non-organic food. Doctors recommend washing produce very carefully.
Most people agree that naturally grown food tastes better. Is tastier food worth the extra
money? This is a matter of opinion. Whether it is healthier or not may require more research. However, organic consumers argue it is better to be safe than sorry.
（1）What is probably the major concern(关注) of organic food consumers?
A.Price.
B.Safety.
C.Freshness.
D.Variety.
（2）What is the doctors' suggestion?
A.Grow your own food.
B.Reduce the use of pesticides.
C.Make sure the food is clean.
D.Buy large companies' products.
（3）Which of the following do most people agree on organic food?
A.It tastes better.
B.It is easier to grow.
C.It contains more fat.
D.It is more nutritious.
（4）Where does this text probably come from?
A.A health magazine.
B.A medical report.
C.A chemistry paper.
D.A menu of a restaurant.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讲述了人们在有机食物的价格，有机食物是否更有营养等方面持有不同的观点。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“However, organic consumers argue it is better to be safe than sorry.”可知，有机食品消费者们认为安全总比后悔好，所以愿意为了安全花更多的钱。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的“Doctors recommend washing produce very carefully.”可知，医生建议要非常细心的清洗农产品。

故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“Most people agree that naturally grown food tastes better.”可知，大多数人同意自然生长的食物（即有机食品）味道更好。

故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。

纵观全文可知，本文介绍了有机食物的有关信息，并提到了人们对于其营养，价格等方面的不同意见，属于饮食、健康方面的文章。

故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。