2022-2023学年八年级英语下学期期末考点(人教版)：重点词汇及拓展(原卷版)

专题01重点词汇及拓展
Unit1
1._______________n.问题；事情
2._______________n.脚；足→_____________.n.脚（复数）
3._______________n.颈；脖子
4._______________n.咽喉；喉咙
5._______________n.发烧；发热
6._______________v.（lay）躺；平躺
7._______________n.放松；休息；剩余部分；其余→____________adj.剩下的，余下的
8._______________n.&v.咳嗽
9._______________n.牙痛
10._______________n.头痛
11._______________n.&v.间歇；休息；暂停；打破
12._______________v.（使）疼痛；受伤
13._______________n.乘客；旅客
14._______________adv.&prep.离开（某处）不工作；从……去掉
15._______________prep.向；朝
16._______________n.问题，苦恼
17._______________v.（用手或器具）击；打
18._______________pron.（she的反身代词）她自己
19._______________adj.生病的；有病的→_____________n.生病
ill(adj.)→_________(n.)疾病→__________(生病)
20._______________n.膝；膝盖
21._______________pron.（we的反身代词）我们自己
22._______________n.登山者；攀登者→_________________v.攀登
23._______________n.&v.危险；风险；冒险→__________v.冒险→___________adj.有风险的，危险的
24._______________n.情况；状况
25._______________(=kilogram)n.公斤；千克
26._______________n.岩石
27._______________n.(pl.knives)刀；餐刀
28._______________n.血
29._______________v.意思是；打算；意欲
30._______________n.重要性，重要→_______________adj.重要的→______________adj.不重要的→
_____________________adv.重要地
31._______________n.决定；抉择→__________v决定→________adj决定性的
32._______________n.&v.限制；约束；管理
33._______________n.勇气；意志
34._______________n.死；死亡→___________adj.死亡的，去世的→__________v.死，消亡
35._______________n.护士→___________n.护理
Unit2
1:clean.adj._______________→clean.v.___________________
2:cheer.v._____________→cheerful.adj.____________________
3:volunteer.n.___________→volunteer.v._________________→volunteering.n._________________
4:_____________n.标志，信号→__________________n.信号
5:_______________n.通知，通告，通知→________________v.注意到，意识到
6:__________.n/v.使用，用途→___________adj.有用的→_____________adj.无用的，没有用途的
7:________________adj.孤独的，寂寞的→______________n.孤独，寂寞
8:___________n关心，关爱→________v关心，关爱→___________adj小心的，细心的→_________ adv.小心地，细心地→_____________adj粗心的，不小心的→_____________adv粗心地，不仔细地→________________n粗心，大意
9:_____________adj.强烈的，强壮的→_________________adv.强烈地
10:__________________n.感觉，感触→_____________v.感受，感触
11:_______________n.满足感，满意→_____________v.使…..感到满意，满足→____________adj.(人)感到满意的，满足的→_________________adj.（令人）感到满意的
12:joy.n._______________→joyful.Adj__________________
13:_______________n.主人，物主→own.V______________→own.adj.______________
14:________________n.（尤指长途）旅行，行程→_______________v旅行
15:______________v.打破，折断→______________adj.破损的，残缺的
16:______________adj可以的，能够的→______________n能力→enable.v使能够→________.adj残疾的17:difficulty.n.困难，难题→_______________adj.困难的→________________adv.困难地
18:_______________.adj.（人）感到激动的，兴奋的→excitedly.adv.__________→_______________adj.（物）令人感到兴奋的，激动的→______________n.兴奋，激动
19:understand.v理解，懂得→________________adj善解人意的，体谅人的
20:change.v.改变→______________n.变化→____________.n.零钱
21:interest.n.兴趣→____________.v.使….感兴趣，使关注→______________adj.有趣的→______________ adv.（物或事）令人感兴趣的→__________adj.（人）感到有趣的
1.垃圾；废弃物_____________
2.倒垃圾_____________
3.折叠；对折_____________
4.扫；打扫_____________-(过去式)swept--(过去分词）swept
5.地板_____________
6.杂乱；不整洁_____________
7.扔；掷_____________--(过去式)threw-(过去分词）thrown
8.频繁；反复_____________9.也不_____________10.衬衫_____________
11.一……就……；尽快_____________12.给；递；走过；通过_____________
13.借；借用_____________-(过去式)lent-(过去分词）lent
14.借给；借出_____________15.手指_____________16.厌恶；讨厌_____________-(过去式)hated
17.杂务；乏味无聊的工作_____________18.与…同时；当…的时候；而；然而_____________
19.点心；小吃；快餐_____________20.精神压力；心理负担____________-焦虑不安的adj.stressed
21.浪费；垃圾；浪费；滥用_____________22.目的是；为了_____________
23.提供；供应_____________24.而且；加之_____________
25.依靠；信赖_____________
7.依靠;信赖v.depend-独立的;自主的adj.independent-独立n.independence
26.发展；壮大_____________--发展;发育;成长n.development
27.独立_____________
28.公正性；合理性_____________8.邻居n.neighbor-街区;街坊n.neighborhood
29.因为；既然_____________30.邻居_____________
31.照顾；处理_____________32.有病；不舒服_____________
33.落下；掉下_____________v.drop-(过去式)dropped
34.独立的；自主的_____________
35.合理的；公正的_____________36.不合理的；不公正的_____________
11..合理的;公正的adj.fair--(反义词)unfair-一公正性;合理性fairness
Unit4
munication.n.交流，沟通→_________________v.交流，沟通
2:argue.v.争吵，争论→___________________n.争论，争吵
3:cloud.n.云→_________________adj.多云的
4:nervous.adj.焦虑的，担忧的→_______________adv.焦虑地→____________n.神经，紧张
5:proper.adj.正确的，恰当的→____________.adv正确地，恰当地→___________adj.不恰当的，不合理的6:two.二→second.第二→______________adv.第二，其次
7:explain.v.解释，说明→_______________n.解释，说明
8:clearly.adv.清楚地，清晰地，明白地→____________adj清楚的，清晰的，明白的→___________v.使明白，使清晰
9:pressure.n.压力→____________v.压，按
10:Competition.n比赛，竞争，竞赛→______________n竞争者，参赛者→_____________v比赛，竞争→_______________adj有竞争力的
11:typical.adj.典型的→_________n.类型，种类
12:quick.adj.快速的，时间短的→_____________adv.快速地
13:continue.v.持续，继续存在→_______________adj.持续的，不间断的
14:compare.v.比较，对比→_______________n.对比，比较
15:crazy.adj.不理智的，疯狂的→________________adv.疯狂地
16:usual.adj.通常的，寻常的→______________adv.寻常地，通常地→_____________adj.不寻常的，异样的，有异常的→_____________adv.异常地，异样地
Unit5
1．暴风雨___________2．闹钟___________
3.（闹钟）发出响声___________
4.开始___________
5.在很大程度上；大量的___________
6.突然；忽然___________
7.接电话___________8.奇特的；奇怪的___________
9.暴风雨___________10.风___________
11.光；光线；光亮___________12.报道；公布___________
13.地域；地区___________14.木；木头___________
15.窗；窗户___________16.手电筒；火炬___________
17.火柴___________18.敲打；打败___________
19.倚；碰；撞___________20.睡着___________
21.进入梦乡；睡着___________22.逐渐变弱；逐渐消失___________
23.升起；增加；提高___________24.倒下的；落下的___________
25.分离；分开___________26.看一看___________
27.覆盖着冰的；冰冷的___________28.开玩笑；欺骗___________
29.理解；领会；认识到___________30.前往；费力的前进___________
31.章节；段落___________32.学生___________
33.彻底地；完全地___________34.惊愕的；受震惊的___________
35.沉默；缄默；无声___________36.沉默；无声___________
37.不久前；最近___________38.拆除；往下拽；记录___________
39.恐怖主义者；恐怖分子___________40.日期；日子___________
Unit6
1.射击;发射v.shoot(过去式)___________________
2.隐藏;隐蔽v.hide-(过去式)_______________—(过去分词)_______________
3.有魔力的;有神奇力量的adj.______________一魔术师n._________________
4.使激动;使兴奋v.excite-激动的;兴奋的adj.____________--使人兴奋的adj.______________一激动;兴奋
n._________________
5.西方n.West--西方国家的;(尤指)欧美的;西方的adj.____________
6.结婚v.marry--结婚的;已婚的adj.__________________
7.金子;金币n.金色的adj.gold-金(黄)色的adj._______________
8..愚蠢的adj.stupid-(近义词)_____________
8..妻子;太太n.wife--(复数)_______________
9..发光;照耀v.shine--(过去式)_____________—（过去分词）___________________
10..地;地面n.ground-天空(对应词)n._________________
11..带路;领跑v.lead-(过去式)_____________-领导;领袖"._________________
12..勇敢的;无畏的adj._______________-一勇敢地adv._________________
Unit7
1.deep(adj.)深的；纵深的—_____________(比较级)较深的；更深的—__________(最高级)最深的
—_____________(adv.)深深地—____________(n)深度
2.wide(adj.)宽的；宽阔的—______________(adv.)广泛地—______________(n)宽度
3.thick(adj.)厚—___________(adj.)薄(反义词)—_______________(n)厚度
4.high(adj.)高的—_______________(比较级)—____________(最高级)—______________(n.)高度
5.wake(v.)唤醒—___________(过去式)—__________(过去分词)—______________(adj.)醒着的
6.ill(adj.)有病；不舒服—________________(n.)疾病；病
7.keep(v.)保持；保管；经营—_____________(n.)饲养员；保管人
(n.)亚洲—_______________(adj.&n.)亚洲的；亚洲人
9.tour(v.&n.)旅行；旅游—______________(n.)旅行者；观光者
10.protect(v.)保护—______________(n.)保护
11.amaze(动词)—_______________/________________(形容词)
12.achieve(动词)—________________(名词)—_______________(过去式)
13.include(v.)包括；包含—_________(prep.)包括；包含—______________(过去式)
14.southwest(名词)—_______________(形容词)
15.south(n.)南方；南部—____________(adj.)南方的
16.freeze(动词)—_________________(形容词)
17.succeed(动词)—_________(名词)—____________(形容词)—_____________(副词)
18.weigh(v.)重量是…；称…的重量—____________(n.)重量
19.nature(n.)自然—____________(adj.)天然的
20.danger(n.)危险—______________(adj.)濒危的—________________(adj.)危险的
21.excite(v.)激动；使……兴奋—_________________(n.)激动；兴奋
22.birth(n.)出生；诞生—__________________(n.)生日
Unit8
1．珠宝；财富_________2．岛_________
3.满是……的；（有）大量的；（有）丰富的_________
4.经典作品；名著_________
5.（书刊或纸张的）页，面，张_________
6.匆忙；赶快_________
7.赶快；急忙（做某事）_________
8.预期；预订_________9.船_________
10.工具_________11.枪；炮_________
12.迹象；记号；分数；做记号；打分_________
13.沙滩；沙_________14.食人肉者_________
15.朝；向；对着_________16.陆地；大地_________
17.小说_________18.科幻小说（或影片等）_________
19.科技；工艺_________20.法语_________
21.流行音乐；流行乐曲________22.摇滚乐_________
23.乐队_________24.乡村音乐_________
25.永远_________26.在国外；到国外_________
27.真实的；事实上_________28.自从_________
29.迷；狂热爱好者_________30.南方的_________
31.现代的；当代的_________32.成功_________
33.属于；归属_________34.互相_________
35.笑；笑声_________36.美；美丽_________
37.一百万_________38.唱片；记录；录制；录（音）_________
39.介绍；引见_________40.行；排_________
Unit9
1:amusement.n.娱乐，游戏→______________adj.娱乐的
2:invent.v.发明→_______________n.发明→________________n.发明家，发明者
3:believe.v相信，认为可能→________________v不相信→_____________n怀疑，不相信→______________ adj不可思议的，不敢相信的→_________________adv不可思议地
4:progress.n.进步，进展→_________________v.取得进步，进展
5:rapid.adj.快速的→________________adv.快速地，迅速地
6:usual.adj.通常的，寻常的→___________adv.寻常地，通常地→_____________adj.不寻常的，异样的，有异常的→_________________adv.异常地，异样地
7:encourage.v.鼓励→_____________n.鼓励，刺激→_____________________adj.鼓励的，鼓舞的，刺激的→________________n.勇气
8:social.adj.社会的，社交的→_________________adv.社交性地→______________n.社会，社交
9:peace.n和平，宁静→____________adj和平的，宁静的→_____________adv和平地，宁静地
10:performer.n表演者，演员→____________v表演→______________n表演
11:perfect.adj.完美的，完全的→______________adv.完美地
12:collect.v.收集→________________n.收集
13:safe.adj.安全的，无危险的→____________adv.危险地，不安全地→______________n.安全
14:simply.adv.仅仅，不过→___________adj.简单的→_______________n.简洁，简单
15:India.n.印度→_______________adj.印度人，印度的，印度语的
16:Japan.n.日本→________________adj.日本的，日本人的，日语的
17:fox.N.狐狸→_________________adj.狡猾的
18:most.adj.大多数，大部分的→_________________adv.大部分地，主要地
19:locate.v.定位，坐落于→_________________n.位置，坐落
20:nation.n.国家→________________adj.国家的，名族的→_______________n.名族，国籍
___________adj.国际的，跨国的
Unit10
1:memory.n.记忆→_____________v.记住，回忆
2:make.v.让，使，制造→___________n.生产者，制定者
3:soft.adj.软的，柔软的→_____________adv.柔软地
4:clear.adj.清楚的，明白的→______________v.清除，清理→____________adv.清楚地，明白地
5:honest.adj.老实的，诚实的→___________adv.老实地，诚实地→___________n.诚实，老实
6:truth.n.事实，真相→____________adj.真的，事实的→___________adj.真实的，诚实的→_____________adv.真地，事实上地，确实地
7:home.n.家→___________adj.无家可归的，流离失所的→__________adj.思乡的→_____________n.家乡8:shame.n.羞耻，惭愧→_______________adj.令人惭愧的→_______________adj.人感到惭愧的
9:count.v.数→_____________adj.数不清的，数不尽的
10:especial.adj.特别的，特例的→_____________adv.尤其，特别，格外
11:child.n.孩子→____________n.孩子们（复数）→_______________adj.像小孩子一样的，幼稚的→_______________n.童年
12:consider.v.注视，仔细考虑→______________n.考虑，思考
真题过关练
一、根据首字母提示写单词
1．（2022春·四川乐山·八年级统考期末）People mustn’t make phone calls while d________their cars.It’s too
dangerous.
2．（2022春·四川乐山·八年级统考期末）During the days of COVID-19,all visitors need to take their temperature before they e________the building.
3．（2022春·四川乐山·八年级统考期末）There is a saying,“P________makes perfect.”So,you’ll become very good at it one day.
4．（2022春·浙江杭州·八年级期末）My little sister Sandy is so young that she can’t look after h________. 5．（2022春·浙江杭州·八年级期末）What a heavy snow!We have to stay at home i________of going outside to have a picnic.
6．（2022春·浙江杭州·八年级期末）Yesterday Sam was very tired.He l________down on the bed and fell asleep soon.
7．（2022春·浙江杭州·八年级期末）—How many students are there in your school?
—We have50classes and there are about two t________students.
8．（2022春·浙江杭州·八年级期末）It’s raining outside.U________you put on your raincoat,you’ll get wet. 9．（2022春·浙江杭州·八年级期末）At birth,the baby panda usually w________about0.1to0.2kilos. 10．（2022春·浙江杭州·八年级期末）—Can you speak F________?
—Sure.I have been in Paris for over10years.
11．（2022春·浙江杭州·八年级期末）Be careful!It’s not s________to swim in the river alone. 12．（2022春·浙江杭州·八年级期末）—What’s the m________?—I have a sore back.
13．（2021春·浙江杭州·八年级校考期末）You do not look very well.P________you should see a doctor. 14．（2023春·全国·八年级期末）Most people know the t__________that the earth moves around the sun. 15．（2023春·全国·八年级期末）The Great Wall attracts millions of v__________from all over the world every year.
16．（2023春·全国·八年级期末）T__________Tom thinks he can catch Jerry,he always fails. 17．（2023春·全国·八年级期末）Educational exchange is a program to a________students to visit different countries.
18．（2023春·全国·八年级期末）My car broke down on the way.So I had to have it r________. 19．（2023春·全国·八年级期末）I can’t i________what the world will be like without peace.
20．（2023春·全国·八年级期末）They were talking in a loud v________.The teacher asked them to keep quiet. 21．（2023春·全国·八年级期末）We can use the c________to take some photos in the mountains.
22．（2022春·山东日照·八年级校考期末）Our English teacher often e________us to learn English by singing English songs.
23．（2022春·山东日照·八年级校考期末）He is an h________boy.He never tells a lie.
24．（2022春·山东日照·八年级校考期末）A________all the seasons,my son likes summer best,for he can go swimming every day.
25．（2022春·山东日照·八年级校考期末）—Would you like a cup of tea or a bottle of juice?
—N________.I’d like a glass of water.
26．（2021·山东日照·八年级校考期末）He has many h_________including painting,gardening and fishing. 27．（2021·山东日照·八年级校考期末）She r_________to go to the movies with me because she wasn’t available. 28．（2022·广东汕头·八年级校考期末）Mary got the first prize and became the w________of the competition. 29．（2022·广东汕头·八年级校考期末）I wonder how he can s________the problem so quickly. 30．（2022·广东汕头·八年级校考期末）The boy is so c________that he makes lots of mistakes in math.
二、根据汉语提示写单词
31．（2022春·四川乐山·八年级统考期末）She’s my sister’s friend really,not________(我的). 32．（2022春·四川乐山·八年级统考期末）Lily________(清点)all the money and put it in her bag. 33．（2022春·四川乐山·八年级统考期末）There is a delicious smell in the________(厨房).
34．（2022春·四川乐山·八年级统考期末）We are so________(骄傲)of him for telling the truth. 35．（2022春·四川乐山·八年级统考期末）In the war with Japan,many people lost their________(生命). 36．（2022春·四川乐山·八年级统考期末）There was more rain than________(通常的)in this spring. 37．（2022春·江苏镇江·八年级统考期末）The________(调查)made by the group include vacations and spending habits.
38．（2022春·江苏镇江·八年级统考期末）I used to smoke,but I gave up a________(几个)of months ago. 39．（2022春·江苏镇江·八年级统考期末）What great difficulty Mr Chen had________(翻译)this book into Chinese!
40．（2023春·全国·八年级期末）I had little money with me,so I couldn’t________(买得起)this dictionary. 41．（2023春·全国·八年级期末）I closed the door slowly to avoid________(产生)much noise. 42．（2023春·全国·八年级期末）I’m very busy with the work every day,________(特别)on Monday. 43．（2023春·全国·八年级期末）He spent as much time as he could________(解释)the main points to us yesterday.
44．（2023春·全国·八年级期末）You should be________(勇敢的)enough to face your life. 45．（2022·山东青岛·八年级统考期末）The swimming pool was closed,so we played tennis________(代替). 46．（2022·山东青岛·八年级统考期末）Mr.Smith likes traveling around and enjoys the________(美丽)of nature.
47．（2022·山东青岛·八年级统考期末）They built the bridge two________(世纪)ago. 48．（2021·浙江宁波·八年级校考期末）He________(似乎)a little unhappy when he heard the news. 49．（2021·浙江宁波·八年级校考期末）The machine didn’t work because David________(摇动)it before turning it on.
50．（2021·浙江宁波·八年级校考期末）________(没有一个)of them replied to the strange question. 51．（2021·浙江宁波·八年级校考期末）As you grow older,you will become more________(善解人意的). 52．（2021·浙江宁波·八年级校考期末）I didn’t________(等待)for the bus because it was too late. 53．（2021·浙江宁波·八年级校考期末）There will be a________(讨论)about the plans to build a new library. 54．（2021·浙江宁波·八年级校考期末）For further________(信息),please write to us at the following email address.
55．（2021·浙江宁波·八年级校考期末）Students should answer questions loudly and________(清楚地)in class. 56．（2021·浙江宁波·八年级校考期末）He doesn’t sleep well and his headache is getting________(更糟糕). 57．（2022·山东青岛·八年级校考期末）He has some unusual________(经历).
58．（2022·山东青岛·八年级校考期末）Could you give me a piece of________(建议)? 59．（2022·山东青岛·八年级校考期末）At the________(开端)of a year,we often make resolutions. 60．（2022·山东青岛·八年级校考期末）Which bookstore sells the________(便宜的)books of the three?
三、用所给单词的适当形式填空
61．（2023·贵州六盘水·八年级统考期末）Bill is________(tall)than any other boy in our class. 62．（2023·贵州六盘水·八年级统考期末）I think there will be less________(pollute),because people will plant more trees.
63．（2023·贵州六盘水·八年级统考期末）As a________(report),I should tell the truth in public. 64．（2023秋·贵州六盘水·八年级统考期末）Sally,this soup isn’t salty.Don’t forget________(add)some salt. 65．（2023·贵州铜仁·八年级统考期末）I can’t stand________(listen)to the noisy music. 66．（2023·贵州铜仁·八年级统考期末）In a big fire,crying and shouting can be very________(danger)because the smoke may chokes(呛着)you.
67．（2023·贵州铜仁·八年级统考期末）Jane has a________(stomach)and she doesn’t want to eat anything. 68．（2023·贵州铜仁·八年级统考期末）A strong earthquake________(strike)Tangshan years ago. 69．（2023·贵州铜仁·八年级统考期末）One________(million)is the number1,000,000. 70．（2023·贵州毕节·八年级校联考期末）I’m going to keep on________(write)stories.
71．（2023春·全国·八年级期末）Have they made up their minds_________(prevent)such bad behaviour? 72．（2023春·全国·八年级期末）Very often all the children________(warn)not to swim alone in the river. 73．（2023春·全国·八年级期末）If our parents do everything for us,we won’t learn to depend on________ (oneself).
74．（2023春·全国·八年级期末）The book________(translate)into four languages last year. 75．（2022·上海奉贤·八年级统考期末）They were too tired and fell________.(sleep)
76．（2022·上海嘉定·八年级统考期末）He finally made a___________to study abroad.(decide) 77．（2022·上海嘉定·八年级统考期末）After a long journey,everyone got tired and fell_________.(sleep) 78．（2022·上海嘉定·八年级统考期末）It is___________to your body to have too much junk food.(harm) 79．（2022·上海嘉定·八年级统考期末）It’s such a pleasant day with the wind blowing_________from time to time.(gentle)
80．（2022·上海嘉定·八年级统考期末）Roy is going to hold a party to celebrate his__________birthday.(ninety) 81．（2022·上海嘉定·八年级统考期末）Kitty is sure she will_________in passing the final exam.(successful) 82．（2022·上海嘉定·八年级统考期末）Help_________to some cake and drinks,ladies and gentlemen.(you) 83．（2021·湖南常德·八年级统考期末）If you________(not obey)the rules,the teacher will punish you. 84．（2021·湖南常德·八年级统考期末）There is a boy__________（call）Sam waiting for you. 85．（2021·湖南常德·八年级统考期末）He often helps his father_________（wash）the car. 86．（2021·湖南常德·八年级统考期末）Can you finish__________（build）the house in ten days? 87．（2021·湖南常德·八年级统考期末）It’s________(possible)for him to solve the problem,because it’s too hard.
88．（2021·湖南常德·八年级统考期末）The boss usually_________(finish)his work after nine o’clock in the evening.
89．（2021·湖南常德·八年级统考期末）Liu Yang was the first Chinese woman________(reach)the space. 90．（2021·湖南常德·八年级统考期末）Of all the subjects,English is________(interesting)for me. 91．（2023春·全国·八年级期末）Next Sunday Jim’s going to fish with his friend if it__________(not rain).
92．（2023春·全国·八年级期末）In English,I’m________(good)at reading than listening.
93．（2023春·全国·八年级期末）We realized the________(important)of learning English.
94．（2023春·全国·八年级期末）Although it was very hot,they kept________（walk）along the way to school. 95．（2023春·全国·八年级期末）Mr.Green________(teach)us a lot about social studies since September. 96．（2023春·全国·八年级期末）She________(read)an English book when I came in.
97．（2021秋·湖南常德·八年级统考期末）—May I borrow your book Alice in WonderlandⅡ?
—Sorry,I____(lend)it to Mike.
98．（2023春·上海·八年级期末）Trees are________air conditioners,so we must protect them from cutting down.（nature）
99．（2023春·上海·八年级期末）It’s________hot.You’d better not put on your sweater.(terrible) 100．（2023春·上海·八年级期末）Everyone should follow the________rules and never break them.(safe)。