高一英语Unit 4训练题

Unit 4 Friends forever
Section 1Starting out&Understanding ideas A组基础词准确填写
1．________ v．获得，得到
2．________v．证明，证实
3．________ v．(举例)说明，阐明
4．________n．最新消息
5．______ v. 点击(鼠标)
6．________ v. 保持；维持
7．_______ v. 易于做某事，往往会发生某事8．________ n. 历险(经历)，奇遇9．digital adj. __________ 10．goods n. ________
11．site n. ________ 12．diagram n. __________ 13．bathwater n. _________
B组派生词精准变形
1．familiar adj. 熟悉的→(反义词)_________adj.不熟悉的
2．________ v．更喜欢→preference n．偏爱
3．________ v. 递送；传送→delivery n．递送；传送
4．________ n. 进步，进展→ad vanced adj. 高级的；高等的；先进的
5．significantly adv.重大地，显著地→s________ adj.重大的显著的→significance n.意义；重要性6．enable v. 使可能，使发生→_____ adj. 能；有才能的→(反义词)_______ adj. 不能的7．unusual adj.异常的，不平常的→(反义词)____ adj. 通常的；往常的→______ adv.通常；经常8．________ n. 罪犯→crime n. 罪行
C组重点短语双向记
1．____________ 不了解…的情况，不了解…的动态2．________ 归功于……，多亏……3．__________倘使……又将如何4．________________ 保持联系5．__________________ 使某人能够做某事6．____________ 记住
7．_____________ 易于/往往会做某事8．face to face _________
9．___________ 忙于某事10．social media ___________ 11．throw the baby out with the bathwater ___________________
重点词汇
1．familiar adj.熟悉的
①The name of the restaurant was familiar to everyone.
②If you want to study abroad, you should get familiar _____ English.
2．prefer v. 更喜欢
①When I was eighteen, I decided that I really preferred contemporary dance and that I wanted to do it professionally.
②Many people living in cities actually prefer ______________(live) in the country.
③I prefer reading books to _________ (watch) television.
④They preferred the money __________________ for building schools and hospitals.
⑤In my view, teenagers have a ____________ (prefer) for the latest electronic devices.
3.◆deliver v. 递送，传送；接生
①They set off to deliver books to the newly-opened book store.
②The professor delivered (deliver) a speech the other day.
4．◆lose track of 失去联系
①With eleven thousand employees, it's very difficult to keep track of them all.
②You become so deeply absorbed in an activity that you _________________ time.
③The progress of each student is tracked by computer.
④I finally managed to track down the book you wanted in a shop near the station.
5．(1)thanks to 归功于……，多亏……
thanks to sb./sth. 多亏某人/某物thanks for (doing) sth.感谢(做)某事
①Thanks to his help, my speech was so successful that everyone cheered for me.
②I'd love to go to the party. _______________ asking me.
(2)advance n. 进步，进展vi. 前进；发展vt. 发展；促进
③I'd appreciate it if you could inform me in advance.
④If we want to master the_____________ (advance) skills, we should start from the basic skills.
⑤Though tired, they advanced towards the castle.
⑥This research has done much to advance our understanding of language learning.
(3)significantly adv. 重大地，显著地
⑦Delia's work has been significantly better this year.
⑧The result is highly significant for the future of the province.
⑨The crime problem is of great significance to the general public.
6.◆stay in touch with 与……保持联系
①I met him when I worked in Madrid, and I've stayed/kept in touch with him ever since.,我是在马
②I lost touch with Julia after we moved.
③We've been out of touch with them for about two years.
④The website keeps people in touch with local events.
7．◆up to 从事于；忙于
①I can take up to four people in my car.
②Up to now, I've understood everything the teacher's said.
③The children are quiet. I wonder what they are up to.
④It's up to you to find what kind of life you will lead in the future.
8．◆enable v. 使可能，使发生
①In a word, good listening can really enable us to get ,closer to each other.
②He tried to make a telephone call, but was________ (able) to get through.
③Looking back, I feel I wouldn't be able to ride a bike if I had lost heart.
9．◆keep in mind 记住
①It's a good idea—I'll keep it in mind.
②Sorry, I forgot. I've got a lot on my mind at the moment.
③It was a nice house, but it wasn't quite what we had in mind.
10.◆tend v. 易于做某事，往往会发生某事
tend to do sth. 易于/往往会做某事tend to/towards sth. 倾向于；有……的趋势
①I tend to see pictures in my mind when I am reading or listening.
②The sort of music I listen to varies, but it tends ________ light music.
11．◆prove v．证明，证实
①He proved himself (to be) a better driver than the doctor.
②Sarah wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.
③Just give me a chance and I'll prove it to you.
④The book has proved (to be) interesting.
重点句式
1．(教材P39)Although technology has changed the way we acquire friends, the meaning of friendship and our longing for friends remain the same. 虽然科技改变了我们交友的方式，但友谊的意义和我们对朋友的渴望是一样的。

微点该句含有定语从句，修饰名词way。

定语从句的关系代词省略。

(1)way表“方式；方法”，在定语从句中做先行词时，定语从句中缺少方式状语，其后用in which/that引导定语从句，也可省略关系词，此时关系词在从句中做状语。

(2)way后接定语从句时，如关系词在从句中做主语或宾语，则用关系代词that/which，关系代词在从句中做宾语时可省略。

(3)the way to do sth./of doing sth.做某事的方法/方式
have a long way to go 有很长一段路要走
①Please tell me the way (in which/that) you worked out ,the maths problems.
②I think the way (that/which) he told me is the best.
③This is the only way we can imagine to solve the problem.
④We still have a long way to go to solve all the problems concerning the Yangtze River.
2．(教材P39)As Aristotle said, no one would choose to live without friends, even if he had all other goods.正如亚里士多德所说，没有人会选择没有朋友的生活，即使他拥有所有其他的财物。

微点as在本句中引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如”，指代后面主句的全部内容。

(1)as引导的非限制性定语从句，既可放在主句前，也可放在主句后，还可以把主句分割开。

(2)常用的as结构有
as sb. say/know 正如某人所说/所知；
as is said/known/reported/expected 据说/众所周知/据报道/正如所预料的那样。

①As we know, a balanced diet can help us keep fit.
②He won first prize, as is expected.
③As is known, smoking is harmful to one's health.
2Using language
A组基础词准确填写
1．_______ v．使(事件、行动等)延期；推迟2．_______ v. 灌，注，倒
3．_______n. 素质，品质
4．________ n. 青少年，十几岁的孩子5．_______n. 小盒，小包6．________ n. 强烈的情感，激情7．gram n. _____
8．slice n. _________
9．pot n. _______
B组派生词精准变形
1．___________adj.鼓舞人心的，启发灵感的→inspired adj.卓越的，备受鼓舞的→inspire vt. 鼓舞，激励，给(某人)创作灵感
2．_______ v. 使与……保持距离，撇清和……的关系n. 距离→distant adj. 遥远的，冷漠的3．anxious adj. 焦虑的，不安的→__________ adv. 焦虑地，不安地→anxiety n. 焦虑，不安4．________ n. 幽默→humorous adj. 幽默的
5．generosity n. 慷慨，大方→________ adj. 慷慨的；大方的→_________adv. 慷慨地；大方地6．comfort n. 安慰，慰藉vt. 安慰→(反义词) _________ n. 不适vt. 使不安→comfortable adj. 舒适的→____________ adv. 舒适地；自在地
7．patience n. 耐心→________adj. 耐心的→__________ adv. 耐心地
C组重点短语双向记
1．_______________ 向某人求助
2．__________一起来；跟随到达进步；赶快3．_____________ 想出；提出
4．_______________未能做某事5．__________ 就……达成一致6．feel down ___________ 7．pour ... into ... ________________ 8．mix ... with ... ________________
重点词汇
1．◆inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的，启发灵感的
①What inspiring music it is!
②Her trust in me has inspired me ________(do) things that I never imagined possible.
③His driving hardly inspires confidence.
④The story was inspired by a chance meeting with an old duke.
⑤I really wonder where his __________(inspire) comes from.
2.◆comfort n. 安慰，慰藉v．安慰
①Upstairs is a bar where guests can relax in comfort.
②It's a comfort to know there is someone to keep an eye on the kids.
③The thought comforted her that it would soon be spring.
④He is more _____________ (comfort) with computers than with people.
3．◆patience n. 耐心
①You will need patience and understanding if you are going to be a teacher.
②Whenever I make mistakes, my teacher pointed them out with_patience/patiently.
③She was usually patient with her students and never made them disappointed.
4．◆anxious adj. 焦虑的，不安的
①Compared with adults, children are more anxious to do ,wonders.
②I'm waiting for the coming of the new term with_anxiety/anxiously.
③I'm so anxious about the coming exam that I can hardly fall asleep at night.
5．distance vt.使与……保持距离，撇清和……的关系n．距离，间距
①Her mother wished to distance her ______ those rude children.
②The picture looks beautiful at/from a distance.
③Laughter is the shortest distance between two people.
④The sound of the cheering faded away in the distance.
⑤Her childhood seemed to be a _______ (distance) memory.
⑥It was difficult to get to know her because she always kept everyone at a distance.
重点句式
(教材P43)This makes it clear to the other person that you are giving them a choice.这让别人清楚地知道你是在给他们一个选择。

微点make it clear that ... “讲清楚……”，在该结构中，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的that 从句，it后的形容词是宾语补足语。

在该结构中，真正的宾语可以是that从句，也可以是不定式结构，构成“make it＋形容词＋(for sb./sth.) to do sth.”结构。

①The heavy rain makes it impossible for me to go there.
②I have made it clear that his life in his country is quite different from mine.
Section 3Grammar—定语从句(1)
语法图解
观察句子
1．This is a book that/which interests a large number of people.
2．He is a man that/who/whom we can safely trust.
3．The expert who/that visited our class yesterday is from Canada.
4．The car which/that they bought last week was very expensive.
5．Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
6．The woman wrote a thank-you note to the soldier by whom she was rescued.
我的领悟
1．关系代词who指人，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，如句2和句3。

2．关系代词whom指人，在定语从句中做宾语，在口语和非正式文体中可用who或that替换，如句2和句6。

3．关系代词which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，如句1和句4。

4．关系代词that既可以指人也可以指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，如句1、句2、句3和句4。

5．关系代词whose既可指人也可指物，在定语从句中做定语，如句5。

一、定义
1．在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。

定语从句通常由关系代词或关系副词引导，说明事物的具体信息，从句位于被修饰词之后。

①The man who lives next to us is a police officer.
②A drone is an aircraft without a pilot that is operated by remote control.
③We will start at the point where we left off last time.
上面例句中的man、aircraft和point都是被定语从句修饰的词，叫先行词。

其后的黑体部分是定语从句，其中who和that叫做关系代词，where叫做关系副词。

2．引导定语从句的词分为关系代词(that, which, who, whom, whose, as等)和关系副词(when, where, why等)两类。

(1)who指人，在定语从句中可以充当主语或宾语。

先行词为指人的词(包括人名)、拟人化的动物和指人的人称代词或不定代词all, those, few, one等。

①He who laughs last laughs best.
②Danny was the man who we rescued from the ruins.
(2)whom指人，在定语从句中做宾语，或用作从句中介词的宾语，介词可用于whom之前，也可以位于句末。

①Rose is the person (who/whom) you should care about.
②There are many people with whom you can share your feelings.
(3)whose既可以指人，也可以指物，表示“所属”关系，whose在定语从句中做定语，常与它所修饰的名词一起出现在从句的句首。

①I know the person whose house was destroyed in the earthquake.
②He lives in a house whose garden is attractive.
【小练1】用关系代词填空
①Do you know the man _________is walking with your teacher?
②Those ______ want to join in the activity sign up, please.
③This is the person ________________ you can depend on.
④The girl ________ graduated from Cambridge University is positive about her future.
⑤A doctor with_______ my father worked last year has gone abroad.
⑥Any student ________ family is too poor to go to school can get help from the government.
(4)which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，或在从句中做介词的宾语。

先行词为表事物或动物的名词或表示职业的名词。

①The young man was very happy to recover the gold ring (which) he had lost.
②Is this the ship which is leaving for Shanghai tomorrow?
③This is the road by which we came.
(5)that既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时可以省略。

先行词是表人(不包括人名)，事物或动物的名词。

习惯上指人多用who/whom，指物多用which。

①He is the only student that understands English well. (that指人，做主语)
②There is one thing that keeps me worried. (that指事物，做主语)
提醒(1)关系代词指代先行词，在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或定语，因此定语从句中不能再出现关系代词所替代的名词或代词。

译昨天晚上我们看的那部电影非常吓人。

误The film (that/which) we saw it last night is very frightening.
正The film (that/which) we saw last night is very frightening.
(2)关系代词在从句中做主语时不能省略，做宾语时可以省略。

Is that the girl (whom/who/that) you referred to the other day?
【小练2】用关系代词填空
①The old town has narrow streets and small houses __________ are built close to each other.
②There are some athletes ___________________ I want you to meet.
③Do you still remember the chicken farm______________ we visited three months ago?
二、关系词只用that而不用which的情况
1．当先行词为all, everything, nothing, anything, much等不定代词时。

①Nothing that has been learnt is ever completely forgotten.
②All that can be done has been done.
2．当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。

①The first place that they visited in Beijing was the Forbidden City.
②This is the best way that is used to solve the problem.
3．先行词被all, every, no, any, the only, the very, the last等修饰时。

①This is all that I have.
②The only thing that she could do was to turn to others for help.
③It is the very book that I want to read.
4．当先行词既有表示人又有表示物的名词时。

She took photos of the persons and things that she was interested in.
【小练3】补全句子
①This is the most beautiful park ______I have visited.
②Have you taken down everything_____Mr. Li said?
③Chatting was the only thing_______ interested her most.
语法微练
Ⅰ.用适当的关系代词填空
1．This is the very hotel _____ I stayed at when I was travelling here.
2．He is a man from ______ we are all ready to learn.
3．It is the most amazing building ______ Daming has seen ever since he came here. 4．We are going to learn some Chinese poems_________ were written in the Tang Dynasty. 5．She is one of the girls _________ have passed the exam.
6．They planted some trees ____________ didn't need much water.
7．She would do anything _______ could help her mother recover from the disease. 8．Do you know the lady with ________ our English teacher is talking under the big tree? 9．I talked with the man ________ house was destroyed in the flood.
10．My father bought a new bike for me _______ price added up to more than 1,000 yuan. 11．Anyone ______has helped to rescue the drowning girl is worth praising.
12．The boy and the dog______ are in the picture look very lovely.
Ⅱ.用定语从句合并句子
1．I don't know the man. The man spoke to the headmaster.
→I don't know the man _________________________________________.
2．I have seen the film. They're talking about the film.
→I have seen the film ________________________________
3．Last week Mary rode the bike. I gave it to her.
→Last week Mary rode the bike_____________________________________.
4．The girl is from America. Her father is a great scientist.
→The girl _______________________________________ is from America.
5．My grandparents live in a house. It is more than 30 years old.
→My grandparents live in a house ___________________________________
Section 4Developing ideas
A组基础词准确填写
1．________ v. 划(火柴)
2．_______ n. 场景
3．________ n. 地点，位置
4．___________ n. 周围的事物，环境
5．___________ n. 个性，性格
6．____________ n. 气氛，氛围，环境7．_______ n. 伤疤
8．drag v. 拖，拉→_____ (过去式、过去分词) 9．_________ v. 通信
10．_______ n. 伙伴，搭档11．plain adj. ___________ 12．excerpt n. __________ 13．destiny n. ___________ 14．proposition n. _____________ 15．ashamed adj. __________________
B组派生词精准变形
1．fortune n. 大笔的钱，巨款→fortunate adj. 幸运的→__________ adv. 幸运地2．ordinary adj. 普通的，平常的→___________ adv. 普通地，平常地3．dine v. 进餐→_______ n. 晚餐；宴会
4．________ adj.约定的，指定的→appoint vt. 任命，约定
5．_______ adv. 痛苦地，愤恨地→bitter adj. 痛苦的
6．_________ v. 展开，打开→(反义词) fold v．折叠
C组重点短语双向记
1．____________ 以……闻名2．___________ 应该，应当
3．_____________ 收到某人的来信4．______________ 发财5．_______ 弄懂；计算出；制定出；锻炼；结果
6．_____________ (意外地或终于)出现7．have_a_chat 聊天
8．go up to _______
9．get a deep understanding of __________ 10．lose track of __________
11．be set in ____________ 12．be ashamed of ______________ 13．turn around ________ 14．long for ________
重点词汇
1．◆be known for 以……闻名
①Guilin is known for its beautiful scenery.
②As is known _____ everybody, the moon travels round the earth once a month.
③She was best known____ an excellent dancer.
◆fortune n. 大笔的钱，巨款
①If you don't work hard, no fortune will come.
②My first painting was sold for ￡25, a small fortune then for an art student.
③_____________ (fortunate), everything worked out all right in the end.
④Recently, I was fortunate enough______________ (travel) to South Africa. 3．(1)ought to 应该，应当
ought to do sth. 应当做某事ought not/oughtn't to do sth.不该做某事
①We ought to get together some time soon.
②She ought not/oughtn't to go out.
(2)work out 弄懂；计算出；制定出；锻炼；结果
③Work out at a gym or swim twice a week.
④It took me some time to work out what was causing this.
⑤The deal just isn't working out the way we were promised.
⑥You can work out the answer by adding up all the numbers.
⑦Trained exercise teachers can help you work out a training plan and keep you active. 4．◆correspond v. 通信；符合；相一致
correspond with sb. 与某人通信correspond to/with 与……一致
①For the next three years, they corresponded with each other regularly.
②The numbers correspond _________ the points on the map.
5．◆worth it 值得一做
(1)sth. be worth it 某事值得一做(2)sth. be (well) worth doing (很)值得做某事
be worth the money/time/effort/work/a try 值得花钱/时间/努力/辛苦/一试
①Whatever is worth doing is worth doing well.
②Although it takes us an hour a day to exercise, it is well worth it.
③Although this apple doesn't taste of anything special, it's still worth a try.
6.◆strike v.划(火柴)侵袭；突击；击打；敲响；报时；给……以某种印象n罢工；罢课；袭击
①He struck me as a very serious but friendly person.
②Just as I was going downstairs, it _______ (strike) me that I had left the door unlocked.
③The boy fell, striking his head on the edge of the table.
④Within half an hour, all the drivers were on strike.
⑤The church clock began to strike twelve.
重点句式
1．(教材P44)The next morning I was to start for the West to make my fortune.
微点句中was to start是“be to＋动词原形”结构，其主要用法如下：
(1)表示“按计划、安排即将发生某事或打算做某事”。

(2)语气上接近于should, must, ought to, have to，表示命令、吩咐或禁止的语气。

(3)表示不可避免将要发生或以后注定要发生的事情。

(4)用于条件状语从句，意为“如果想……，设想”(接近于if ... want to/if ... should)。

①They are to pay a visit to the teacher together at 10 am ,tomorrow.
②You are to finish the work before five this afternoon.
③His theory was to change the views on the universe.
④You must take the whole project more seriously if you are to succeed.
2．(教材P44)We figured that in twenty years each of us ought to have our destiny worked out and our fortunes made, whatever they were going to be.
微点该句含有have sth. done “使某事被做”结构，worked out和made为过去分词作宾补，宾补与宾语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。

(1)have＋宾语＋done “让别人做某事，完成某事，遭遇不幸的事”
(2)have sb./sth. do sth.“让某人/某物做某事”，宾语与宾补之间为逻辑上的主谓关系
(3)have sb./sth. doing sth. “让某人一直做某事/让某物,一直处于某种状态”
①The teacher had some students stay in the classroom in the afternoon after school.
②He had the fire burning all the night.
③He had his wallet stolen on his way home.
第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节应用文写作(满分15分)
假定你是李华，你的英国网友Eric近日给你发来电子邮件，说他想结交更多的中国朋友。

请你给他回一封电子邮件，向他介绍你的一位好友，内容包括：
1．表明写信目的；2.介绍你的朋友；3.表达美好祝愿。

注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

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Yours，
Li Hua 第二节读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

续写的词数应为150左右。

I truly learned what a best friend is in my first year at high school. Kate and I were good friends and we were inseparable (分不开的). We spent every day together and always had a good time.
Then basketball season started and we were on the same team. After a few games, however, Kate got moved up to the Rose Cup full-time. I wouldn't admit it then, but in fact I envied (嫉妒) her much. Having different practice times, we began to see less of each other and talked less. Soon I was told by others that she was talking behind my back.
One night, I called Kate to tell her about my new haircut. To my great surprise, the next day at school she told everyone that I copied her style because she had told me she wanted to get hers cut like this. As a result, I was angry and quite disappointed with her. At noon she handed me a letter and walked away instead of talking with me. I couldn't accept the cruel words on the paper. In great anger，I wrote right back to her. Over the next week, we exchanged more hurtful letters. I cried myself to sleep every night, believing our friendship was over.
Paragraph 1：
One night my mom took me to Kate's home.
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Paragraph 2：
It has been five months since we broke up with each other.
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____________________________________________________。