2022年考研考博-考博英语-天津师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第81期

2022年考研考博-考博英语-天津师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖
析B卷（带答案）
一.综合题(共15题)
1.
单选题
Trying military wrongdoers may annoy the armed forces, and （）a fresh conflict.
问题1选项
A.proliferate
B.provoke
C.nurture
D.proclaim
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。

proliferate意为“激增，猛增”；provoke意为“激起，挑起”；nurture意为“养育”；proclaim意为“宣告，公布”。

句意：尝试军事犯罪的不法分子可能会打乱军事力量，从而激起新的矛盾。

2.
单选题
People are getting a better idea of the need to protect （）property rights.
问题1选项
A.knowledge
B.intelligence
C.intellectual
D.learning 【答案】C
【解析】考查固定搭配。

intellectual property意为“知识产权”。

句意：人们越来越了解到保护知识产权的必要性。

3.
单选题
It （）to see so many children in that mountainous area cannot even afford elementary education.
问题1选项
A.pains her
B.makes her pain
C.is paining
D.is pained
【答案】A
【解析】考查固定搭配。

it pains sb. to see意为“看到……使某人心痛”。

句意：看到很多山区的孩子无法接受基础教育使她心痛。

4.
单选题
Some hard plastics can be （）metals in manufacturing machine parts.
问题1选项
A.substituted for
B.taken the place of
C.replaced in
D.given way to
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词辨析。

substitute for意为“替代，取代”；take the place of意为“代替”，一般指取代某人的位置；replace in意为“以……代替”，replace后直接接宾语；give way to意为“向……让步，被……替代”。

句意：在生产机器零件时，一些硬塑料可以取代金属。

5.
单选题
The radioactivity to which they were exposed was so powerful that the dead men's bodies were themselves a radiation （）.
问题1选项
A.bumper
B.fatality
C.hazard
D.expansion
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词辨析。

bumper意为“缓冲器”；fatality意为“死亡，致命性，宿命”；hazard意为“冒险”；expansion意为“扩大”。

句意：他们接触到的放射性是如此强烈，以至于死者的尸体本身就是辐射扩散。

6.
单选题
Nancy complained about the （）air conditioner she bought from the department store.
问题1选项A.inefficient
B.deficient
C.ineffective
D.defective
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词辨析。

inefficient意为“无效率的，无能的”；deficient意为“不足的，缺乏的”；ineffective意为“无效果的”；defective意为“有缺陷的”。

句意：南希抱怨她从百货公司买这台有缺陷的空调。

7.
单选题
The press in America is particularly important because, （1）than in any other country, it is recognized as having a responsible role to（2）in relation to one aspect of the process of government. The press（3）is an American invention, and it began to be important（4）the form of a meeting between President and（5）in which the President（6）question. Press conferences take place all（7）the world now, but the presidential press conference is an institution（8）gives us a key（9）the special role America（10）to the press and to the newspapermen. The British parliament has its question time（11）each day Members of Parliament（12）question to ministers in charge of（13）departments, and some European parliaments have something of（14）kind. There is no possibility（15）such a device in the United States Congress because heads of executive departments are not members of（16）Thus the executive has no political platform （17）which to explain its（18）and give information. President Franklin Roosevelt showed the advantages of using the Press for such（19）when he called regular meetings of newspapermen （20）which he invited questions.
问题1选项
A.less
B.more
C.rather
D.greater
问题2选项
A.perform
B.conduct
C.do
D.make
问题3选项
A.session
B.meet
C.meeting
D.conference
问题4选项
A.at
B.with
C.in
D.for
问题5选项
A.minister
B.officials
C.opponents
D.journalists
问题6选项
A.replied
B.replied to
C.answered to
D.returned
问题7选项
A.over
B.round
C.up
D.though
问题8选项
A.where
B.what
C.which
D.it
问题9选项
A.for
B.at
C.towards
D.to
问题10选项
A.resigns
B.assigns
C.designs
D.assists
问题11选项
A.when
B.on
C.for
D.in
问题12选项
A.answer
B.respond
C.address
D.serve
问题13选项A.executive
B.management
C.execution
D.direction
问题14选项
A.same
B.a same
C.the same
D.the similar
问题15选项
A.for
B.to
C.about
D.of
问题16选项
A.it
B.them
C.importance
D.significance
问题17选项
A.with
B.through
C.for
D.in
问题18选项
A.views
B.points
C.stands
D.locations
问题19选项
A.sake
B.save
C.intentions
D.purposes
问题20选项
A.in
B.on
C.at
D.for
【答案】第1题:B
第2题:A
第3题:D
第4题:C
第5题:D
第6题:B
第7题:A
第8题:C
第9题:D
第10题:B
第11题:A
第12题:C
第13题:A
第14题:C
第15题:D
第16题:A
第17题:B
第18题:A
第19题:D
第20题:C
【解析】第1题:考查逻辑关系。

由前面的“新闻在美国尤其重要”可推测此处表示比较，比在其他国家更重要，因此填more。

第2题:考查固定搭配。

perform a role意为“扮演角色”。

第3题:考查固定搭配。

the press conference意为“新闻发布会，记者招待会”，后面句子也提到了Press conferences。

第4题:考查固定搭配。

in the form of意为“以……的形式”。

第5题:考查逻辑关系。

根据上下文，可知此处为记者招待会，故应为总统与记者的见面，因此选D。

第6题:考查动词辨析。

answer作动词时，后面直接跟宾语；rely一般作不及物动词，后面接to，reply to意为“回答，答复”。

第7题:考查固定搭配。

all over the world意为“全世界”。

第8题:考查定语从句。

从句中缺少主语，先行词an institution表示物，因此用which引导定语从句。

第9题:考查固定搭配。

a key to...意为“……的关键”。

第10题:考查固定搭配。

assign...to意为“赋予（某功能或价值）”。

第11题:考查定语从句。

先行词time表示时间，因此用关系副词when引导定语从句。

第12题:考查动词辨析。

answer意为“答复”；respond意为“回答，响应”；address意为“对……发话”；serve意为“（为……）服务”。

此处表示议员向行政官员发问，因此选C。

第13题:考查逻辑关系。

此处表示负责行政部门的部长，与后文中的heads of executive departments 相对应，因此选A。

第14题:考查固定搭配。

same一般与定冠词the连用，the same意为“一样的”。

第15题:考查介词辨析。

of意为“……的”，此处表示……的可能性。

第16题:考查逻辑关系。

根据上下文可知行政部门不是United States Congress（美国国会）的成员，因此用it指代美国国会，选A。

第17题:考查介词辨析。

此处表示这些行政官员没有地方通过论坛的形式解释他们的观点，因此填through （通过）。

第18题:考查逻辑关系。

由后面的give information（提供信息）可知此处与explain views（解释观点）像对应。

第19题:考查逻辑关系。

此处表示利用新闻达到这样的目的，因此填purpose。

第20题:考查固定搭配。

空格后的which指的是meeting，此处表示在会议上，总统要求大家提出问题。

at the meeting意为“在会议上”。

8.
单选题
Last night he saw two dark （）center the building, and then there was the explosion.
问题1选项
A.figures
B.features
C.sketches
D.images
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词辨析。

figure意为“人影，数字”；feature意为“特征，特点”；sketch意为“素描，草图”；image意为“图像，肖像”。

句意：昨晚，他看到了两个黑影进入了大楼，然后发生了爆炸。

9.
单选题
Too many people believe that to achieve great things we must make brutal sacrifices, that to succeed in work we must focus single-mindedly, at the （）of everything else in life.
问题1选项
A.heart
B.beginning
C.mercy
D.expense
【答案】D
【解析】考查固定搭配。

at the expense of意为“以……为代价”。

句意：太多的人相信为了成就大事我们必须做出残酷的牺牲，为了在工作中取得成功，我们必须一心一意，以牺牲生活中的其他一切为代价。

10.
单选题
By turning this knob to the right you can（）the sound from the radio.
问题1选项
A.intensify
B.amplify
C.enlarge
D.reinforce
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。

intensify意为“加强，强化”；amplify意为“放大，扩大”，一般指声音的放大；enlarge意为“扩大”，一般指面或体积的扩大；reinforce意为“加固，加强”。

句意：通过这个旋钮向右转动，你可以放大收音机的声音。

11.
单选题
There are many theories about the beginning of drama in ancient Greece. The one most widely accepted today is based on the assumption that drama evolved from ritual. The argument for this view goes as follows. In the beginning, human beings viewed the natural forces of the world-even the seasonal changes-as unpredictable, and they sought through various means to control these unknown and feared powers. Those measures which appeared to bring the desired results were then retained and repeated until they hardened into fixed rituals. Eventually stories arose which explained or veiled the mysteries of the rites. As time passed some rituals were abandoned, but the stories, later called myths, persisted and provided material for art and drama.
Those who believe that drama evolved out of ritual also argue that those rites contained the seed of theater because music, dance, masks, and costumes were almost always used. Furthermore, a suitable site had to be provided for performances and when the entire community did not participate, a clear division was usually made between the "acting area" and the "auditorium." In addition, there were performers, and, since considerable importance was attached to avoiding mistakes in the enactment of rites, religious leaders usually assumed that task. Wearing masks and costumes, they often impersonated other people, animals, or supernatural beings, and mimed the desired effect-success in hunt or battle, the coming rain, the revival of the Sun-as an actor might. Eventually such dramatic representations were separated from religious activities.
Another theory traces the theater's origin from the human interest in storytelling. According to this vies tales (about the hunt, war, or other feats) are gradually elaborated, at first through the use of impersonation, action, and dialogue by a narrator and then through the assumption of each of the roles by a different person. A closely related theory traces theater to those dances that are primarily rhythmical and gymnastic or that are imitations of animal movements and sounds.
1.What does the passage mainly discuss?
2.What aspect of drama does the author discuss in the first paragraph?
3.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a common element of theater and ritual?
4.According to the passage, what is the main difference between ritual and drama?
5.The passage supports which of the following statements?
问题1选项
A.The origins of theater.
B.The role of ritual in modern dance.
C.The importance of storytelling
D.The variety of early religious activities
问题2选项
A.The reason drama is often unpredictable.
B.The seasons in which dramas were performed.
C.The connection between myths and dramatic plots.
D.The importance of costumes in early drama.
问题3选项
A.Dance
B.Costumes
C.Music
D.Magic
问题4选项
A.Ritual uses music whereas drama does not.
B.Ritual is shorter than drama.
C.Ritual requires fewer performers than drama.
D.Ritual has a religious purpose and drama does not.
问题5选项
A.No one really knows how the theater began.
B.Myths are no longer represented dramatically.
C.Storytelling is an important part of dance.
D.Dramatic activities require the use of costumes.
【答案】第1题:A
第2题:C
第3题:D
第4题:D
第5题:D
【解析】第1题:主旨大意题。

由文章第一段中There are many theories about the beginning of drama in ancient Greece. The one most widely accepted today is based on the assumption that drama evolved from ritual. 和第三段中Another theory traces the theater's origin from the human interest in storytelling可知整篇文章主要讲了戏剧起源的两种观点，就此展开论述，因此选A。

第2题:推理判断题。

由文章第一段中The one most widely accepted today is based on the assumption that drama evolved from ritual...Eventually stories arose which explained or veiled the mysteries of the rites. As time passed some rituals were abandoned, but the stories, later called myths, persisted and provided material for art and drama（今天被广泛接受的一种说法是戏剧是基于仪式演变而来的……最终，故事出现了，这些故事解释或掩盖了仪式的奥秘。

随着时间的推移，一些仪式被抛弃了，但这些后来被称为神话的故事依然存在，为艺术和戏剧提供持久的素材）可知C选项“神话与戏剧性情节之间的联系”符合题意。

第3题:细节事实题。

由文章第二段中Those who believe that drama evolved out of ritual also argue that those rites contained the seed of theater because music, dance, masks, and costumes were almost always used.可知没有提及magic，因此选D。

第4题:推理判断题。

由文章第二段的最后一句Eventually such dramatic representations were separated from religious activities.（最终这种戏剧性的表现与宗教活动分开）可知D选项“仪式有宗教目的，戏剧没有”符合题意。

第5题:推理判断题。

由文章第二段中Those who believe that drama evolved out of ritual also argue that those rites contained the seed of theater because music, dance, masks, and costumes were almost always used.（那些认为戏剧从仪式演变出来的人也认为，这些仪式包含了戏剧的因素，因为音乐、舞蹈、面具和服装几乎经常被使用）可推测D选项“戏剧活动需要使用服装”正确。

12.
单选题
One effect of the （）economy of 2009 on state and local governments is a decrease in income, sales, and property tax revenues.
问题1选项
A.prosperous
B.sluggish
C.substantial
D.pervasive
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词辨析。

prosperous意为“繁荣的，兴旺的”；sluggish意为“缓慢的，迟缓的”；substantial意为“大量的，重大的”；pervasive意为“遍布的，普遍的”。

句意：2009年经济发展缓慢对国家和地方政府的影响是收入、销售和财产税收入的减少。

13.
单选题
Successful businessmen today are likely to be young aggressive and well-educated. （）they are willing to take risks to achieve success.
问题1选项
A.After all
B.All in all
C.Overall
D.Above all
【答案】D
【解析】考查副词辨析。

after all意为“毕竟”；all in all意为“总的来说，大体而言”；overall 意为“大致上，总体上”；above all意为“首要的是，尤其”。

句意：今天成功的商人可能是年轻、有进取心和受过良好教育的人。

重要的是，他们愿意冒险取得成功。

14.
翻译题
Translate the following into Chinese
Reading can only be fun if you expect it to be. If you concentrate on books somebody tells you you ‘‘ought” to read, you probably won’t have fun. But if you put down a book you don’t like and try another till you find one that means something to you, and then relax with it, you will almost certainly have a good time—and if you become, as a result of reading, better, wiser, kinder, or more gentle, you won’t have suffered during the process.
【答案】只有当你期望阅读是有趣的时候，它才是有趣的。

如果你全神贯注于别人告诉你“应该”读的书，你可能不会有乐趣。

但是如果你放下一本你不喜欢的书，并尝试另一本，直到你找到一本对你有点意义的书，然后轻松地读下去，你肯定能乐在其中——如果你因为阅读而变得更好，更智慧，更友善，或者更文雅，你就不会在这个过程中受苦。

15.
单选题
The police （）him about his movements at the line of the crime.
问题1选项
A.chuckled
B.blurted
C.grilled
D.pried
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词辨析。

chuckle意为“轻声地笑”；blurt意为“突然说出，脱口而出”；grill意为“盘问，审问”；pry意为“打听，刺探”。

句意：警察在审问了他关于他在犯罪现场的行动。