2017-2018学年高中英语外研版必修三教学案：Module 4

[技法指导]
1．环保类作文一般可分为四段：
第一段：提出问题；
第二段：分析问题；
第三段：提出建议或措施；
第四段：展望未来或发出号召。

2．时态一般用现在完成时和一般现在时。

3．段与段之间要使用承上启下的句子或短语，增加文章的连贯性。

黄金表达，教你如何营造亮点
1．The place used to be a beautiful place.
2．The poisonous gas was sent into the air and water.
3．Environmental pollution does great harm to people's health.
4．The factory sends out poisonous gases, which badly pollutes the air around us.
5．The earth is our home and we have the duty to take care of it for ourselves and for our later generations.
6．More and more people have come to realize how serious this problem is and fight against pollution.
7．We should take measures to protect the environment from being polluted.
8．I do hope everyone should realize the importance of our environment protection.
9．In my opinion/It seems to me that .../As far as I know ...
10．A public education campaign should be launched to make people have a good knowledge of environment.
[写作规范]
[题目要求]
请根据以下提示，针对山东北部遭受沙尘暴袭击的情况，向英语周报社投稿，呼吁大家植树造林，保护环境。

1．过去家乡树木成林。

2．如今人们毁林种地建房。

3．气候变化，土地沙漠化。

4．植树造林，人人有责。

要求：词数：100左右。

Dear Editor,
I'm a student at a Shandong middle school.
[三步作文法]
第一步：搜索词汇
1．过去常常used to
2．砍倒cut down
3．随着时间的推移as time went on
4．不时地now and then
5．照顾take care of
6．而不是instead of
第二步：由词造句
1．随着时间的发展，森林受到了严重的破坏。

①As time went on, the forests were seriously destroyed.
②With time going on, the forests were seriously destroyed.
2．结果，沙尘暴不时袭击我们，人们深受其害。

①As a result, sandstorms struck us now and then, from which people suffered a lot．
②As a result, sandstorms struck us now and then and people suffered a lot from it．
第三步：连句成篇
Dear Editor,
I'm a student at a Shandong middle school. My hometown used to be a beautiful place. Thick forests and green grass could be seen everywhere. However, because of climate changes, it rains little now. In order to build houses and grow more crops, people here cut down more and more trees. As time went on, the forests were seriously destroyed. As a result, sandstorms struck us now and then, from which people suffered a lot. To prevent the process of desertification, I hope that all the people take good care of the forests and plant more trees instead of cutting them down. Only in this way our living conditions will be improved.
[对应学生课下能力提升(十六)] Ⅰ.阅读理解
Climate change will force exhausted birds migrating (迁徙) to Europe from Africa to travel further, according to a new study.
The annual voyage of some species, which fly north in search of food and suitable habitats, could increase by as much as 400 kilometres, the research found. “Marathon migrations for some birds are set to become even longer，”said Stephen Willis, a professor at Durham University in Britain and the main architect of the study. “This is bad news for birds like the Whitethroat, a common farmland bird. The added distance is a great threat. As temperatures rise and habitats change, birds will face their biggest challenge since the Pleistocene era, which ended 11，000 years ago，”he said in a statement.
About 500 million birds migrate each year from Africa, some weighing as little as nine grams. To complete a voyage that can be thousands of kilometres long, birds have to fatten themselves up to twice their normal weight. Some even shrink (收缩) their internal organs (内脏) to become more fuel-efficient, so any additional distance may be dangerous.
The study, which is published in a journal, finds that from 2071 to 2100, 9 out of 17 species examined are going to face longer migrations, particularly birds that cross the Sahara Desert. Some birds traverse the Sahara and the Mediterranean Sea in one go, while others have a break in northern Africa before crossing. Many fly at night, when temperatures are cooler.
A few birds —such as the Blackcap —have started to adapt by spending winters in Britain, but such behaviour is rare, the study says. The study predicts that the migration distance of the Orphean Warbler will jump from 2，700 kilometres to between 3，050 and 3，350 kilometres, with even longer increases for the Subalpine and Barred Warblers.
语篇解读：研究显示，由于全球变暖等气候的变化，一些候鸟被迫迁徙得更远。

1．Some birds migrate to Europe from Africa to ．
A．find food and suitable habitats
B．avoid being caught by hunters
C．build new homes for their babies
D．escape from the crowded Africa
解析：选A细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“fly north in search of food and suitable habitats”可知，一些鸟迁徙是为了寻找食物和合适的栖息地。

2．To complete the marathon migrations, some birds have to do all of the following things EXCEPT ．
A．becoming smaller
B．putting on more weight
C．reducing the size of their internal organs
D．flying at night when temperatures are cooler
解析：选A细节理解题。

根据第三段中的“birds have to fatten themselves up to twice their normal weight. Some even shrink their internal organs to become more fuel-efficient”和第四段中的“Many fly at night, when temperatures are cooler”可知，一些候鸟为了完成马拉松式的迁徙路程需要做的事包括B、C、D三项，只有A项不符合。

3．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A．About 500 million birds migrate each year from Africa.
B．9 out of 17 bird species examined will face longer migrations in the next decade.
C．Most birds have started to spend winters in Britain except for the Blackcap.
D．The migration distance of the Subalpine and Barred Warblers will increase by 650 kilometres.
解析：选A细节理解题。

根据第三段中的“About 500 million birds migrate each year from Africa”可知应选A。

4．The underlined word “traverse”in the fourth paragraph probably means “”．
A．live in B．leave for
C．cross D．visit
解析：选C词义猜测题。

根据画线词前的“particularly birds that cross the Sahara Desert”可以猜测出traverse意为“横穿，横跨”。

Ⅱ.任务型阅读
Everyone knows English is one of the most important subjects in middle schools. And we always know learning English is very important, but few students know how to learn English well.
1.
I think if we have a right way to learn English, and we work hard, then we must learn English well. But what is the right way? 2. Second, everyone knows remembering new words is important, but how to remember them？I think we can copy new words on pieces of paper, and take them with us. When we are free, we can read them. Third, how to improve our listening and speaking? 3. And we can answer the questions in class；don't be afraid of making mistakes. I think it's useful
to us. Finally, it's about reading and writing. 4. And try our best to retell them. We can also keep a diary every day, and spend an hour practicing English.
5．If necessary, we can turn to our classmates and teachers for help instead of giving up. If we don't study hard, it's difficult to learn English well.
A．To begin with, you can recite as many words as you can.
B．First, we must be confident enough to learn English and be interested in it.
C．Whenever we meet difficulties in our English study, we shouldn't lose heart.
D．We can sing English songs, listen to the radio and listen to tapes every day.
E．Then how can we make rapid progress and learn English well?
F．In a word, we will make rapid progress.
G．When we are free, we can read articles in English.
语篇解读：人人都知道学习英语的重要性，但是很少有人知道如何学好英语。

本文中作者就此问题给出了四条建议，并告诉我们学习英语遇到困难的时候，该怎么办。

1．解析：选E根据前句“And we always know learning English is very important, but few students know how to learn English well.”可知我们都知道学习英语很重要，但是很少学生知道如何学好英语。

接下来就应该是过渡句：我们如何才能够学好英语呢？故E项符合上下文。

2．解析：选B根据横线后面的“Second ...”可知横线上叙述的是第一条学习英语的方法。

故B项：“First, we must be confident enough to learn English and be interested in it.”和上下文一致。

3．解析：选D前面一句“Third, how to improve our listening and speaking？”提出如何提高我们的听说技能。

本句应该回答这个问题。

D项“We can sing English songs, listen to the radio and listen to tapes every day.”我们可以听歌、听收音机和录音机，通过这些方法来练习听说技能。

4．解析：选G前句“Finally, it's about reading and writing.”可知接下来叙述阅读和写作技能的技巧。

G项“When we are free, we can read articles in English”当我们有空的时候，我们可以多阅读英语文章。

这属于提高阅读技能。

5．解析：选C根据后句“If necessary, we can turn to our classmates and teachers for help instead of giving up.”讲述的是当我们遇见困难的时候，可以向同学和老师求助。

那么本段中继续的是如何面对学习英语的困难，所以C项“Whenever we meet difficulties in our English study, we shouldn't lose heart”与本段主题一致。

Ⅲ.完形填空
It was the last day of the final examination in a large eastern university. On the steps of one building, a group of engineering seniors gathered, discussing the exam due to begin in a few 1 . On their faces was confidence (自信). This was their last exam —then on to 2 and jobs.
Some talked of jobs they already had; others talked of jobs they 3 get. With the certainty of four years of college, they felt ready and able to take 4 of the world.
The coming exam, they knew, would be a(n) 5 task. The professor had said they could bring 6 books or notes they wanted, requesting only that they did not 7 each other during the test.
8 ，they entered the classroom. The professor passed out the papers. And smiles 9 on the students' faces as they noted there were only five essay-type questions.
Three hours had passed 10 the professor began to collect the papers. The students no longer looked confident. On their faces was a frightened expression. Papers in hand, no one spoke as the professor faced the class.
He looked at the 11 faces before him, and then asked, “How many completed all five questions？”12 a hand was raised.
“How many answered four？” Still no hands.
“Three? Two？” The students moved restlessly in their seats.
“One, then? Certainly somebody finished 13 ．” But the class remained silent.
The professor put down the papers. “That is exactly what I 14 ，”He said. “I just want to impress upon you that 15 you have completed four years of engineering, there are still many things about the 16 you don't know. These questions you couldn't answer are relatively 17 in everyday practice.” Then smiling, he added, “You will all 18 this course, but remember —even though you are now college graduates, your education has just 19 ．”
Over years they have 20 the name of his professor, but not the lesson he taught.
语篇解读：文章讲述的是一个教授在给学生们的毕业考试中教育了学生一个道理：即使他们大学毕业了，但是他们的教育其实才刚刚开始。

1．A.seconds B．hours
C．days D．minutes
解析：选D second“秒”；hour“小时”；day“天”；minute“分钟”。

根据下文可知学生们正在去考场的路上，所以肯定是过一会就要考试了，即几分钟之后，故选D。

2．A.interview B．graduation
C．discussion D．education
解析：选B interview“面试，采访”；graduation“毕业”；discussion“讨论”；education“教育”。

根据上文的“It was the last day of the final examination in a large eastern university”可知，他们考完试就可以毕业了。

故选B。

3．A.must B．had to
C．used to D．would
解析：选D must“必须”；had to“不得不”；used to表示过去经常习惯做某事；would“将要”。

句意：一些人在讨论已经找到的工作，有的人在讨论将会找到的工作。

故选D。

4．A.hold B．charge
C．control D．place
解析：选C hold“握住”；charge“收费”；control“控制”；place“摆放”。

take control of“控制”。

句意：他们感觉已经准备好了，他们能够掌控这个世界了。

故选C。

5．A.interesting B．necessary
C．easy D．unusual
解析：选C interesting“有趣的”；necessary“必要的”；easy“容易的”；unusual“不寻常的”。

根据下文可知教授说他们可以带任何书籍或者笔记去参加考试，因此他们认为这次考试肯定是非常容易的。

故选C。

6．A.no B．any
C．all D．either
解析：选D no“不，没有”；any“任何”；all“全部”；either“两者之一”。

教授说他们可以带任何书籍或者笔记去参加考试。

故选D。

7．A.talk to B．listen to
C．look at D．refer to
解析：选A talk to“和某人谈话”；listen to“听……”；look at“看……”；refer to“提到，谈到，涉及到”。

句意：教授唯一的要求就是他们不可以相互之间讨论。

故选A。

8．A.Nervously B．Joyfully
C．Quickly D．Curiously
解析：选B nervously“紧张不安地”；joyfully“高兴地”；quickly“快速地”；curiously“好奇地”。

根据上文可知，他们认为试卷交付很简单，所以他们很开心地进入了考场，故选B。

9．A.appeared B．changed
C．froze D．stopped
解析：选A appear“出现”；change“改变”；freeze“冻结”；stop“停止”。

根据后面的“there noted there were only five essay-type questions”可知，他们发现题目很简单，只有五个论文类型的问题，所以脸上露出了笑容。

故选A。

10．A.before B．then
C．as D．after
解析：选A before“在……以前”；then“那时”；as“当……时候”；after“在……之后”。

根据后文可知，教授还没有收卷，所以此处意为，在教授收卷前已经过了三个小时了。

故选A。

11．A.pleased B．surprised
C．moved D．worried
解析：选D pleased“感到高兴”；surprised“感到惊讶”；moved“感动”；worried“感到担忧”。

根据上文的“On their faces was a frightened expression”可知，他们很害怕，很担心这个考试。

故选D。

12．A.Not B．Once
C．Only D．Even
解析：选A not“不是”；once“曾经”；only“仅仅”；even“甚至”。

根据后文“Still no hands”可知没有人完成了五道题，所以没有人举手。

故选A。

13．A.all B．one
C．none D．it
解析：选B all“全部”；one“一个人，任何人”；none“什么没有”；it“它”。

根据上文“One, then”可知，教授问的是有没有人完成了一题。

故选B。

14．A.wondered B．enjoyed
C．expected D．hated
解析：选C wonder“想知道”；enjoy“喜爱”；expect“期盼”；hate“厌恶”。

句意：教授说这正是我所预料的。

故选C。

15．A.right now B．as though
C．now that D．even though
解析：选D right now“立刻”；as though“好像”；now that“既然”；even though“即使”。

句意：尽管你们完成了四年的工程学，但是关于这个课题，你们还有很多东西是不知道的。

故选D。

16．A.exam B．question
C．subject D．college
解析：选C exam“考试”；question“问题”；subject“科目”；college“大学”。

句意：尽管你们完成了四年的工程学，但是关于这个课题，你们还有很多东西是不知道的。

故选C。

17．A.valuable B．difficult
C．common D．strange
解析：选C valuable“有价值的”；difficult“困难的”；common“常见的”；strange“奇怪的”。

为了给他们留下深刻的印象，教授选择的问题都是生活中常见的。

故选C。

18．A.fail B．pass
C．take D．start
解析：选B fail“失败”；pass“通过”；take“拿来”；start“开始”。

句意：当然你们都会通过这次考试，但是要记住，即使你们是大学毕业生了，你们的教育其实才刚刚开始。

故选B。

19．pleted B．begun
C．failed D．succeeded
解析：选B complete“完成”；begin“开始”；fail“失败”；succeed“成功”。

句意：当然你们都会通过这次考试，但是要记住，即使你们是大学毕业生了，你们的教育其实才刚刚开始。

故选B。

20．A.forgotten B．understood
C．remembered D．strengthened
解析：选A forget“忘记”；understand“明白”；remember“记得”；strengthen“增强”。

句意：很多年后这些学生都记不清教授的名字了，但是他教授的那一课永远也忘不掉。

forget的主语应当是人。

故选A。

Ⅳ.语法填空
Crying marriage? 1.Surprising (surprise), isn't it? Actually, the custom of crying marriage existed a long time ago in Southwest China's Sichuan Province, and 2.remained (remain) in fashion until the end of the Qing Dynasty. 3.Although/Though not so popular as before, the custom is still kept by people in many places, 4.especially (especial) Tujia people, who view it necessary to marriage procedure.
It is very much 5.the same in different places of the province. According to elderly people, every bride (新娘) had to cry at the wedding. Otherwise, the bride's neighbors would look down upon 6.her as a poorly cated (educate) girl and she would become the laughing stock of the village. In fact, there were cases 8.where the bride was beaten by her mother for not crying at the wedding ceremony.
9．In a word, crying at wedding is a means by custom to express the happiness of the wedding through sorrowful words. 10.However, in the arranged (安排) marriages by the Chinese parents, a lot of brides did cry over their unsatisfactory marriage.
Ⅴ.短文改错
Not only does our parents give us life, but they give us endless love and support, and always share with our happiness and sorrow. I'm very grateful to my parent who give me so much love and spare no effort to support myself. I still remember once I was seriously ill, and they were so worried and almost keep me company the whole night. Now I'm in Senior 3. Lucky enough, my parents can understand my stressful condition but often encourage me. However, they give me enough personally space, which I appreciate so much. What I should do now is studying hard. When I grow up, I will try my best to make my parents live happy life.
答案：第一句：does→do; 去掉with
第二句：parent→parents; myself→me
第三句：keep→kept
第五句：Lucky→Luckily; but→and
第六句：However→Besides; personally→personal
第八句：live后加a。