2020春长沙市一中高二寒假自主学习：Unit 2 Period Three【精编】.docx

Period Three Word power & Grammar and usage & Task
Ⅰ.写出下列单词的汉语意思(共5小题；每小题4分，满分20分)
1．outcome n．结果，后果
2．remind v t.提醒；使想起
3．tablet n．药片；丸；牌，匾，碑
4．unable adj.不能，无法
5．sickness n．疾病；恶心，呕吐
Ⅱ.写出下列汉语对应的英语单词(共8小题；每小题4分，满分32分)
6．reasonable adj.合理的，有理由的；公道的；明智的→reason n．理由
7．applaud v i.& v t.鼓掌；称赞，赞许→applause n．喝彩；鼓掌
8．arrangement n．排列，布置；安排；约定，协议→arrange v t.安排；整理
9．beneficial adj.有益的，有用的→benefit v．对……有益；得益于……n．益处10．astonish v t.使十分惊讶，使吃惊→astonishing adj.令人惊讶的→astonished adj.感到惊讶的→astonishment n．惊讶
11．application n．应用，运用；申请，申请表；涂抹，外敷→apply v t.& v i.申请；应用；涂，敷→applicant n．申请人
12．effective adj.有效的；实际的，事实上的；生效的→effect n．影响；效果
13．approval n．批准，通过；赞成，同意→approve v．批准，通过；赞成，同意
Ⅲ.写出下列短语或短语对应的汉语意思(共6小题；每小题5分，满分30分)
14．wear sb.out使某人筋疲力尽；使某人厌烦
15．take part in参加
16．be aware of知道；意识到
17．be eager to do sth.渴望做某事，极想做某事
18．take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事
19．look out for留心；照顾好(某人)
Ⅳ.完成句子(共3小题；每小题6分，满分18分)
20．If necessary，the patient will have to go to the X-ray room to have pictures of his or her body parts taken.
如果有必要的话，病人还要去X光室为身体的某部位拍片。

21．On arriving at the hospital clinic，we saw there were a lot of people there.
一到医院的门诊部，我们就看到那儿有许多人。

22．Will you need to change the information or will you use it as it is?
你需要改变信息还是按原样使用？
重点词汇
Today I feel worn out.今天我感到很疲惫。

worn out筋疲力尽的(＝tired＝exhausted)；破烂的，废旧的
wear sb.out使某人筋疲力尽(＝tire sb.＝exhaust sb.)；使某人厌烦
wear sth.out穿破；磨损；用坏
(1)My old boots are worn out.
我的旧靴子破了。

(2)His long speech wore me out.
他那冗长的讲话让我厌烦。

[高级表达]
(3)As Kate was worn out after a long walk，she said that she couldn’t go to the party.(用形容词短语作状语改写)
→Worn out after a long walk，Kate said that she couldn’t go to the party.
In fact，he doesn’t really think medicine is bad，but he believes we should be aware of the problems it can cause.事实上，他并不是真的认为药品不好，而是认为我们应意识到药品所带来的问题。

be aware of知道；意识到
※be aware that...知道……；意识到……
make sb.aware of sth.让某人意识到某事
as far as I’m aware据我所知
※awareness n．意识；认识；知道；兴趣
raise/strengthen one’s awareness of提高/增强某人的……意识
注意：(1)aware常用作表语或补足语，通常不作定语。

(2)aware的修饰语通常用well或quite，表示“很，非常”，而不用very。

(1)Everyone should be aware of his rights and responsibilities.
人人都应该知道自己的权利和责任。

(2)Are you aware that there is something wrong with the computer?
你知道这台电脑出故障了吗？
(3)UNESCO recently set April 30 as a day to raise/strengthen awareness of jazz music.
(2017·全国Ⅰ) 联合国教科文组织最近将4月30日定为提高爵士音乐意识的一天。

[单句改错]
(4)Gilbert wasn’t
very
well/quite aware of the time this morning，so he was late for school.
I told him that if we are cautious about using medicine，we can benefit from it.我告诉他，如果我们谨慎用药，我们会从中受益的。

cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的
※be cautious about/of (doing) sth.对(做)某事小心谨慎
be cautious to do sth.小心谨慎地做某事
※caution n．小心；谨慎v t.警告
with caution＝cautiously小心地；谨慎地
(1)A cautious driver never drives his car too fast.
一个谨慎的司机从不开快车。

(2)He was very cautious about/of committing himself to anything.
他谨小慎微，从不轻易作出保证。

(3)The students are cautious not to make/are cautious to avoid making any mistakes in spelling.
学生们在拼写时非常小心，以避免出错。

[一句多译]
(4)这位老人在繁忙的街道上小心翼翼地开着车。

①The old man was driving his car with caution in the busy street.
②The old man was driving his car cautiously in the busy street.
③The old man was cautious about/of driving his car in the busy street.
People stayed silent and listened to us，and applauded at the end.人们静静地听我们(辩论)并在最后鼓掌。

applaud vt.& vi.鼓掌；称赞，赞许
※applaud sb./sth.for sth.因某事而称赞/赞赏某人/某事
※applause n．[U]鼓掌；喝彩；称赞
(1)Everyone applauded when the play ended.
演出结束时，大家都鼓起了掌。

(2)His speech won the applause of the audience.
他的讲话赢得了观众的掌声。

[单句改错]
(3)Seeing the famous actor，all the audience stood up，applauded applauding there.
We have taken these measures to protect our students’ eyesight.我们采取了这些措施来保护学生的视力。

take measures to do sth.采取措施做某事
make sth.to one’s measure照某人的尺寸做某物
by measure按尺寸
beyond measure无法估量；极其，非常
for good measure附加地；除此之外地
(1)The coat was made to your measure.
这件上衣是按照你的尺寸定做的。

(2)His contribution to his country is beyond measure.
他对祖国的贡献是无法估量的。

(3)We should take appropriate measures to improve our teaching.
我们应当采取适当的措施提高教学质量。

[单句改错]
(4)Mr Smith asked the tailor to make some new clothes of
to his own measure.
adjusting lighting arrangements调整照明布置
arrangement n．排列，布置；(常用复数)安排；约定，协议
※make arrangements for为……做好安排
come to an arrangement达成协议
※arrange v t.& v i.安排，筹划v t.整理；排列；布置
arrange (for sb.) to do sth.安排(某人)做某事
arrange sth.for sb.为某人安排某事
(1)What exactly are the arrangements for the wedding？婚礼到底是如何安排的？
(2)I’ve arranged for a window cleaner to come on Thursday.
我已经安排好一个窗户清洁工周四来。

(3)I’ll make arrangements for you to be met at the airport.我会安排人到机场接你。

[单句改错]
(4)I have arranged ∧
for him to meet her at the station.
reminding students to do eye exercises both at school and at home提醒学生在家和学校都要做眼保健操
remind vt.提醒；使想起
※remind sb.of sb./sth.使某人想起某人/某事
remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事
remind sb.that/what/how...提醒某人……
※与remind sb.of sth.类似的搭配有：
warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事
rob sb.of sth.抢劫某人的某物
rid sb.of sth.使某人摆脱某事
cheat sb.of sth.骗取某人的某物
cure sb.of sth.治愈某人的疾病；矫正某人的不良行为
inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事
(1)Remind me to phone Alan before I go out.
提醒我在出去之前给艾伦打电话。

(2)They would inform him of any progress they had made.
他们会把他们取得的任何进展都告诉他。

(3)You remind me of your father when you say that.
你说那样的话，使我想起了你的父亲。

[高级表达]
(4)Although he had been informed of the meeting，he still forgot it.(用非谓语动词改写)
→Having been informed of the meeting，he still forgot it.
looking out for students with eyesight problems留意视力有问题的学生
look out for(＝watch out for)留心；照顾好(某人)
look out当心，注意
look into调查
look around参观，四处看看
look up抬头看；查阅；好转，改善
look up to钦佩；尊敬
look down on轻视，瞧不起
look forward to期待，盼望(to为介词，后接动名词)
look out of往外看
look after照看
(1)A working party has been set up to look into the problem. 已成立一个工作小组来调查这个问题。

(2)At last things were beginning to look up.
情况终于开始好转了。

(3)Her mother was ill，so she stayed at home to look after her. 她妈妈生病了，所以她待在家里照顾她。

[单句改错]
(4)Look out ∧
for dangerous animals such as tigers and wolves while traveling in this forest.
(5)My mother says she’s looking forward to
meet meeting you.
经典句式
On arriving at the hospital clinic，we saw there were a lot of people there.一到医院的门诊部，我们就看到那儿有许多人。

※on/upon＋n./doing sth.表示“一……就……”，相当于as soon as引导的时间状语从句。

※表示“一……就……”的结构还有：
①at＋名词/动名词
②instantly/immediately/directly/once＋从句
③the minute/the moment/the instant＋从句
④hardly...when...；no sooner...than...
注意：当hardly和no sooner放在句首的时候，主句通常用部分倒装形式。

主句常用过去完成时，从句常用一般过去时。

(1)On/Upon our arrival，we were shown around the company.一到达我们就被带去参观公司。

(2)Don’t get excited the moment you hear a criticism.不要一听到批评就沉不住气。

[一句多译]
(3)刚从北京回来，他就开始了他的研究工作。

①On/Upon returning/his return from Beijing，he began his research work.
②Hardly had he returned from Beijing when he began his research work.
③No sooner had he returned from Beijing than he began his research work.
Will you need to change the information or will you use it as it is？你需要改变信息还是按原样使用？
as it is照现在的样子。

as在此处引导方式状语从句。

注意：根据语境也可用其他形式的代词和be动词，如as they are/were，as it was等。

(1)Leave the papers as they are.别去动那些文件。

(2)I bought this scratched chair as it is at a reduced price.
我以优惠的价格买下了这把有刮痕的椅子。

(3)At court you must state the facts as they are.
在法庭你必须如实地陈述事实。

(4)You must do as the teacher tells you in the lab.
在实验室里，你必须照着老师说的做。

Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Her popular book Silent Spring raised awareness(aware) of the dangers of pollution. 2．On arriving(arrive) at the city，he gave a call to his mother.
3．The young girl placed the valuable vase on the table cautiously(cautious)．
4．Please remind him to shut(shut) the door when leaving the office.
5．You’d better make some arrangements(arrange) for it in advance.
6．He refuses to buy another coat until the old one is worn(wear) out.
7．Do remember that you deserve to be applauded(applaud) for the efforts you make. 8．Look out for spelling mistakes in your work.
9．Don’t be discouraged.Take things as they are and you will enjoy each day of your life. 10．He was very excited when told(tell) that he had passed the exam.
Ⅱ.完成句子
11．She seldom，if ever，goes to the cinema.
如果曾经有的话，她也很少去电影院。

12．Hardly had he returned home when he called me.
他一回到家就打电话给我了。

13．I like the house better as it is.
我更喜欢这所房子保持现状。

14．Mr Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English improved in a short period. 史密斯先生将提议一种好的方法让她的英语写作水平在短期内提高。

15．On/Upon returning to his hometown，he paid a visit to his old friends from door to door. 一回到家乡，他就挨家挨户去拜访了老朋友。

基础巩固
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I hope you can give me a reasonable(合理的) explanation.
2．The audience applauded(鼓掌) with joy as he appeared on the stage.
3．We were both happy with the outcome(结果)of the debate.
4．Our arrangements(安排) for the weekend were upset by her visit.
5．Some animals can adjust(调整) to the environment quickly.
6．My mother has found that her eyesight(视力) is failing recently.
7．Please remind(提醒) me to phone my mother tomorrow.
8．Thousands of soldiers are working to distribute(分发) food to the refugees.
Ⅱ.选词填空
worn out，be aware of，benefit from，look out for，take part in
9．Everyone in the class is expected to take part in the discussion.
10．He looked worn out，as if he’d missed a night’s sleep.
11．Many patients have benefited from the new treatment so far.
12．It has all made me realize how important it is for everyone to be aware of the environment. 13．You’d better look out for dogs while going on the street.
Ⅲ.单句语法填空
14．Hardly had she got home when her mother asked her to play the piano.
15．You must have the report typed(type) in half an hour.
16．It is obvious that the fans are eager to see(see) the new star.
17．How are you doing？If necessary，you can get your father to help you.
18．My mother says she’s looking forward to meeting(meet) you.
19．The activity they took part in was really exciting and interesting.
20．The government was aware of this threat and took measures to protect(protect) citizens against it.
21．It is just three months since we received official approval(approve) to go ahead with the project. Ⅳ.句型转换
22．As a matter of fact，he knows the potential danger very well.
→As a matter of fact，he is well aware of the potential danger.
23．The girl stepped onto the platform and placed the vase cautiously.
→The girl stepped onto the platform and placed the vase with caution.
24．The woman set about cleaning the room as soon as she got home.
→The woman set about cleaning the room on arriving home.
能力提升
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A
(2018·天津部分区县二模)
Are you sick of going to bed late and waking up tired? Then grab your hiking boots and a tent.A new study suggests that a couple days of camping in the great outdoors can reset your circadian clock and help you get more sleep.
The circadian clock，more commonly known as the body clock，is an internal system that tells our bodies when it’s time to go to sleep and when it’s time to go to wake up.Scientists track this clock by measuring the amount of melatonin(褪黑激素) circulating in a person’s blood at any given time.
In a healthy sleeper，melatonin levels rise a few hours before bedtime，stay high through the night，and then settle back down when it’s time to wake up.
In our modern society，however，most of us stay up many hours past sunset and would probably sleep in many hours after sunrise if we could.And the trouble is，your melatonin levels may still be high when your alarm clock goes off in the morning，which leads to grogginess.It may also have other health consequences as well，such as diabetes(糖尿病)，overweight and heart disease.
Professor Kenneth Wright of the University of Colorado in the US wanted to see if our body clocks can be reset by a short stay in nature.His team recruited 14 physically active volunteers in their 20s and 30s.Nine went on a weekend camping trip，while the other five stayed home.
At the end of the weekend，the researchers reported that in just two days，the campers’ body clocks had shifted so that their melatonin levels began to rise more than an hour earlier than they did before they left on the trip.By contrast，the body clocks of the group that stayed home shifted even later over the course of the weekend.
“This tells us we can reset our clocks fast，” Wright said.
Therefore，if you want to change your sleep patterns，you could try to increase your exposure to nature light during the day and decrease the amount of artificial light you see at night.And if that doesn’t work，there’s always camping.
语篇解读一项新的研究表明，几天的户外野营可以调整你的生物钟，帮助你改善睡眠。

25．The author wrote this article mainly to .
A．explain why it is bad for our health not to sleep enough
B．inform us of a possible way to adjust the circadian clock
C．analyze how the circadian clock influences our sleeping habits
D．explore how the circadian clock is connected with melatonin levels
答案 B
解析写作意图题。

根据第一段最后一句“A new study suggests that a couple days of camping in the great outdoors can reset your circadian clock and help you get more sleep.”及下文可知，作者写作本文主要是告诉我们一种调整生物钟的可行的方法。

26．The underlined word “grogginess” in Paragraph 4 probably means “”．A．tiredness B．excitement
C．refreshment D．pressure
答案 A
解析词义猜测题。

根据画线词所在句和第三段内容可知，褪黑激素是促进睡眠的，如果早上闹钟响起而体内褪黑激素依然保持较高水平，那么人应该是会感到疲劳的。

故可推知，“grogginess”指的是“疲劳”。

27．What did Wright’s team discover from their experiment?
A．The body clocks of the two groups didn’t show much difference.
B．The body clocks of those who stayed home remained the same.
C．Those staying outdoors reset the clock inside their bodies over a short period.
D．Changes to the circadian clock don’t necessarily affect melatonin levels in our bodies.
答案 C
解析细节理解题。

根据文章第六段的内容可知，通过对比两组人群的睡眠表现发现，那些待在户外的人可以在短时间内调整好生物钟。

28．According to the article，we’d better to improve our sleeping habit.
A．spend weeks sleeping outdoors
B．try to reduce melatonin levels at night
C．set an alarm clock to go off every morning
D．expose ourselves to more nature light in the day and less artificial light at night
答案 D
解析细节理解题。

根据最后一段可知，我们可以通过待在户外，接触更多的自然光以及夜晚减少照射人造光来改变我们的睡眠习惯。

B
After a confirmed rabies(狂犬病) case in Parke County，Indiana，experts are urging caution if you find a bat(蝙蝠) in your home or office.
“If you try to kill a bat，you are more likely to get bitten，” said Joy O’Keefe，assistant
professor of biology and director of Indiana State University’s Centre for Bat Research，Outreach and Conservation.“Most bats people find in their houses are healthy and are not going to bite them and give them rabies.” But they could be a federally endangered species，such as the Indiana Bat，which is found in this area.
“So if you spot a bat in your home or office，don’t kill it or touch it with bare hands，”O’Keefe said.“Instead，put on a pair of heavy gloves and gently move it into a box or bucket.Once contained，the bat can be removed outside.”
“If it’s a healthy bat，it’ll fly away eventually，” O’Keefe said.“If it doesn’t move or seem to be healthy，you can take it to the health department to be tested.”
“This is the time of year when bats move from their summer resting sites to their winter resting sites，” O’Keefe said.“We get calls every year during the first month of school year from people finding bats in the university’s buildings.”
Bats are a great help to people，as every night they can eat up to their entire body weight of insects.Bats，however，are facing great threats from epidemics，habitat destruction and other things.
“The best way the average person can help bats is by understanding them and by telling other people how awesome bats are and what bats do for us，” O’Keefe said.“Hopefully，it will make people think that if there’s a bat in their house，they should try to get it out but not kill it.That would be really positive for bats—to not have people be one of their major threats.”
29．According to the text，experts are giving the public a warning about .
A．the biting by bats
B．the danger of keeping bats
C．the spreading of an infectious disease
D．the extinction of an endangered species
答案 A
解析细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“After a confirmed rabies(狂犬病) case”及第二段中的“If you try to kill a bat，you are more likely to get bitten”可知，因为有了被蝙蝠咬后导致人得狂犬病的案例，所以专家向公众发出了小心被蝙蝠咬的警告。

故选A。

30．In O’Keefe’s opinion，when you find a bat in your house，you should .
A．put it on a tree
B．send it to get tested
C．remove it with gloves
D．report to the health department
答案 C
解析细节理解题。

根据第三段O’Keefe的描述可知O’Keefe建议大家戴上手套把蝙蝠移到户外。

故选C。

31．We can infer that the text is probably written in .
A．spring B．summer
C．autumn D．winter
答案 C
解析推理判断题。

根据第五段可知，蝙蝠在这个时期从它们夏天的窝迁徙到冬天的窝，再根据新学年的第一个月可推测这篇文章写于秋季。

故选C。

32．The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph probably means “”．
A．what bats like to eat
B．people’s awareness of bats
C．the best way to protect bats
D．the greatest threat bats are facing
答案 B
解析代词指代题。

根据本段内容可知O’Keefe认为保护蝙蝠最好的方法就是了解它们并且告诉人们蝙蝠有多棒，它们能为人类做很多事情。

O’Keefe希望“人们对蝙蝠的这种认识”能避免人类成为蝙蝠的最大威胁之一。

it指代“人们对蝙蝠的这种认识”。

故选B。

Ⅵ.七选五
(2018·辽宁鞍山一中高二期中)
Imagine looking out of your window and seeing a whale swim by.That’s the sight that surprises New York City residents recently.In the past years，humpback whales have been spotted in the two rivers surrounding the island of Manhattan，the Hudson River and the East River. 33 Experts say that river cleanup efforts have improved water quality and led to an increase in the number of fish there.Fish are on the humpback’s menu. 34 The sighting is also an encouraging sign that conservation efforts are helping humpback whales come back.In 1973，the species was listed as the endangered.Now scientists say humpback whales are making a comeback.
By the middle of the 20th century，hunting whales for profit had nearly wiped out many whale species.In 1973，the U．S.set up the Endangered Species Act.People were no longer allowed to hunt them in the U．S.waters.In 1982，the International Whaling is illegal worldwide. 35 Last September，it was announced that nine groups of humpback whales are no longer endangered.Four groups are still endangered and a fifth are threatened.
36 The number of them is growing particularly faster in the Southern Hemisphere like Tasman Sea and Coral Sea.And the number of humpback whales in Hawaii has made an amazing
recovery.In 1966，there were fewer than 1,500 humpbacks there.Today there are about 10,000.But humpbacks in other parts of the world are still struggling.
37 “We still have a lot of work to do ，” says Angela Somma ，head of NOAAS Fisheries ’ Endangered Species Division.“But with the right protection ，the number of humpback whales should continue to grow.”
A ．Those efforts to save whales are paying off.
B ．People are frightened when seeing whales in the river.
C ．Last year ，one even swam past where the mayor lives.
D ．Today there are about 100,000 humpback whales worldwide.
E ．The extra food in the rivers is mainly what ’s attracting the whales.
F ．Scientists have carried out further research on the number of the whales.
G ．Scientists say that the focus needs to be on the whales that are still struggling.
答案 33.C 34.E 35.A 36.D 37.G
Ⅶ.短文改错
(2018·河北石家庄一中高二期中)
As a Senior Two student ，my favorite sport is football.I was a member of our school football team.We practice for three times a week and often watch football match on TV or on the Internet together.Play football not only makes us grow tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit.We must keep in minds that we play for the team instead for ourselves.Also ，sports teach us the important of obeying the rules in a match.Each player must listen to the captain ，which is the leader of the team.And they must not break the rules too often if we want to win the game. 答案
As a Senior Two student ，my favorite sport is football.I was am
a member of our school football team.We practice for three times a week and often watch football
match matches on TV or on the Internet together.Play Playing football not only makes us grow tall and strong but also give gives
us a sense of fair play and team spirit.We must keep in
minds mind that we play for the team instead ∧of for ourselves.Also ，sports teach us the important importance
of obeying the rules in a match.Each player must listen to the captain ，which who is the leader of the team.And they we
must not break the rules too often if we want to win the game.。