2023_2024学年高中英语Unit4HistoryandTraditionsDiscoverin

Unit 4 History and Traditions
必备知识基础练进阶训练第一层
基础知识
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The shop ________ (收费) less if the customers pay in cash.
2．Although he was poor, he was quite ________ (慷慨的) to his needy friends.
3．Who will take part in the physics contest will be ________ (宣布) at tomorrow's meeting.
4．People should decrease the ________ (数量)of fat they eat.
5．In order to ________ (保证) success we must have a complete and thorough plan.
6．We walk in the woods and fields that are typical features of the English ________ (风景)．
7．The show will be held in the art ________ (展览馆) next week.
8．Please add some ________ (黄油) to the bread.
9．Oil prices have ________ (接近) their highest level for almost ten years.
10．Mix the eggs, flour and ________ (蜂蜜) together.
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．The students like reading stories ________ (write) by the famous writer.
2．Many ________ (use) computers will be sold in this market.
3．Tsinghua University, ________ (found) in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
4．Even the best writers sometimes find themselves ________ (lose) for words.
5．With the couple ________ (work) in a nearby town, the house seems pretty empty most of the time.
6．In the job interviews, some applicants often find themselves ________ (ask) unexpected questions, some very difficult to answer.
7．I don't want my children ________ (take) out in such weather.
8．Helen had to shout to make herself ________ (hear) above the sound of the music.
9．Can you have the washing­machine ________ (send) to my house?
10．Most colleges now offer first­year students a course specially ________ (design) to help them succeed academically and personally.
11．The house ________ (build) last year belongs to me.
12．The volunteers ________ (choose) from the school will go to the flooded area.
13．He lay on the grass, with his eyes ________ (fix) on the sky.
14．I must have my watch ________ (repair) for it doesn't work.
15．Please keep the door ________ (close). It's so cold outside.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．通过电脑购买的商品的价格要比商店里的商品的价格低。

Prices of goods ____________________________ can be lower than store prices.
2．受伤的士兵们已经被送往医院。

____________________ have been sent to the hospital.
3．如果可能的话，你应该检查一下身体。

You should ________________________ if possible.
4．我希望把这个房间刷成粉色。

I hope to ________________________ pink.
5．他突然发现被那个女人骗了。

He suddenly found himself ________ by the woman.
关键能力综合练进阶训练第二层
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Other cultures can be different from ours in many aspects! They can eat different foods and live in different types of houses. People probably speak different languages and have beliefs and customs very different from yours. However, they can also be similar in ways of connecting with each other. We sometimes call these means of communication universal languages.
Some legends hold that, thousands of years ago, there was a single language spoken by everyone on Earth. It is fun to think about a time when everyone may have been able to communicate in the same language though historical evidence does not support this,_of course.
Today, there are thousands of languages spoken around the world. Yet, there are
some means of communication that go beyond words and allow people of wildly different backgrounds to communicate and share emotions and feelings. For example, some people believe music is a universal language. There may be some scientific support for this idea, too. Experts have learnt that, across cultures, people can recognise three common emotions in music：happiness, sadness and fear.
So what other types of universal languages might there be? Some people believe dance is a universal language. Along with music, dancing seems to be a common interest shared by peoples all over the world. Do you think you could see a dance from another culture and make some reasonable guesses about the ideas and emotions behind it? We bet you could!
Another universal language that you might not have thought of is maths! If you think about it now, though, it just makes sense. The value of pi is roughly 3.14159 no matter where you are on Earth. Likewise, figuring out the value of something involves the same mathematical calculations, regardless of whether you're counting in dollars, pesos or coconuts.
1．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 probably refer to?
A．The view that people only used one language.
B．The fact that there used to be many languages.
C．The evidence that proves old languages funny.
D．The doubt that people didn't understand each other.
2．Why is music regarded as a universal language?
A．It can be enjoyed by people from all walks of life.
B．It can be understood more easily than languages.
C．It usually comes from different backgrounds.
D．It helps people to share common feelings.
3．What are the universal languages according to the passage?
A．Maths, English and music.
B．Music, dance and maths.
C．History, culture and music.
D．Emotion, pi and music.
4．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Various Differences in Different Cultures
B．Music Helps People Show Feelings
C．Universal Languages Connect Different Cultures
D．Cross­cultural Communication History
B
Mary Anning was an English fossil (化石) collector, dealer and paleontologist (古生物学家). Her fossil­hunting he lped change the way people thought about the world.
Mary was born into a poor family in England on May 21, 1799. She lived in the seaside town of Lyme Regis, in Dorset. The family had nine children. Only Mary and her brother Joseph grew up. Mary's father took his children along the beach. They picked up shells and stones to sell to visitors. Mary did not go to school much. Her family was too poor. And schools did not teach children about fossils. Mary could read and write. She taught herself. She learned about rocks and how bodies are made.
In 1811 when Mary and Joseph were hunting fossils, Joseph saw a bone sticking out of the rock. Mary had a hammer to chip away at the rock. Very carefully she uncovered it. She found the first complete fossil of the ichthyosaur (鱼龙)．Since then, Mary became crazy about fossil­hunting. She liked to hunt on the beach after a storm. The wind, rain and waves made the rocks crumble. It was easy to spot fossils. Most days Mary went fossil hunting with her dog, Tray.
Rich friends helped Mary by selling fossils for her. They sent her money. Scientists wrote letters and came to see her. One good friend was William Buckland, a professor at Oxford University. Mary also opened a shop to sell fossils, stones and shells. She chatted with visitors.
Mary Anning died in 1847. How evolution (进化) works was explained by Charles Darwin not long after Mary's death. Her fossils had helped scientists understand how things began.
5．Why did Mary's father take his children along the beach?
A．To enjoy life.
B．To make a living.
C．To look for fossils.
D．To teach them about fossils.
6．What can we learn about Mary?
A．Her father was a paleontologist.
B．Her father educated her at home.
C．She had nine brothers and sisters in all.
D．She might be popular at that time.
7．Who was the first one to catch sight of the rock containing the first complete ichthyosaur fossil?
A．Charles Darwin. B．Mary's dog.
C．Joseph. D．Mary.
8．What does the underlined word “crumble” in the fourth paragraph mean?
A．Break. B．Shake.
C．Float. D．Dive.
Ⅱ.七选五
One of the most popular places to see in London is the Tower of London. The building has stood there since its construction in 1078 by order of William the Conqueror. __1__ After the Normans had conquered England, the Tower of London became a symbol of that oppression.
Although most people think of the beheadings (斩首) there, the tower was actually used on joyful occasions as well. __2__ Then they would travel from the tower to Westminster Abbey where they were crowned.
__3__ It was usually a place for prisoners who were from royalty or who were politically important. Sir Thomas Moore was one of the most famous prisoners. He was sent to the tower after publicly disagreeing with King Henry Ⅷ over his marriage to Anne Boleyn. Executions (死刑) were held on the Tower Green and a total of 112 prisoners were executed there during the tower's use as a prison.
Some of the most famous residents of the tower are not even human. __4__ The ravens living at the tower are connected to a popular legend. It is said that if the ravens leave the tower, the tower will fall and the King's rule will come to an end. __5__
Nowadays, the Tower of London is such a great place that it attracts visitors from all over the world.
A．Before being crowned, Kings would stay overnight at the tower.
B．The Tower of London has played a prominent role in English history.
C．The tower gained attention due to some of the prisoners that were kept there.
D．The tower is located on the north bank of the River Thames in central London.
E．Therefore, the ravens' wings are usually cut short so that they cannot fly away.
F．A group of common ravens (乌鸦) have lived at the tower for hundreds of years.
G．In its early days, the tower was used as a royal residence and was called
the White Tower.
Ⅲ.语法填空
The Laba Festival which is celebrated on the eighth day of the 1.________ (twelve) month of the Chinese lunar calendar is a traditional Chinese holiday. “La” is the name of the month and “ba” has the same 2.________ (pronounce) as that of 8 in Chinese.
There are several 3.________ (story) about the origin of this festival and it's difficult for us to tell which one is true. But today what we do know 4.________ (be) that this festival began as a way to honour ancestors. It was also 5.________ time for the ancient Chinese to pray for a good harvest.
The majority of Chinese have long followed the tradition of 6.________ (eat) Laba porridge during the Laba Festival. 7.________ general, the porridge contains eight ingredients, including some beans and rice. 8.________ (traditional), Laba porridge is the most important part of the festival. Also, it is important that family members eat the porridge together.
9．________ custom is soaking Laba garlic (蒜), 10.________ is the best seasoning for the dumpling feast at the Spring Festival.
课时作业(三) Discovering Useful Structures (Grammar)
必备知识基础练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．charges 2.generous 3.announced 4.amount 5.ensure
6．landscape 7.gallery 8.butter 9.approached 10.honey
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．written ed 3.founded 4.lost 5.working 6.asked
7．taken 8.heard 9.sent 10.designed 11.built 12.chosen
13．fixed 14.repaired 15.closed
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．bought through the computer 2.The wounded soldiers
3．have your body checked 4.have the room painted 5.cheated
关键能力综合练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】本文为说明文。

其他文化可能在很多方面与我们的不同，但是在连接彼此的方式上也可能是相似的。

我们有时称这些沟通方式为通用语言。

文章主要介绍了什么是通用语言。

1．答案与解析：A 词义猜测题。

根据画线词所在句句意“虽然历史证据并不支持这一点，但是想想，有那么一个时代，每个人都能用同一种语言进行交流，是很有趣的”可知，this指的是“每个人都能用同一种语言进行交流”。

故选A项。

2．答案与解析：D 细节理解题。

根据第三段中的Experts have learnt that, across cultures, people can recognise three common emotions in music：happiness, sadness and fear. 可知，人们认为音乐是一种通用的语言，是因为它帮助人们分享共同的感情。

故选D项。

3．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。

根据第三段中的For example, some people believe music is a universal language.及第四段中的Some people believe dance is a universal language.和第五段中的Another universal language that you might not have thought of is maths！可知，音乐、舞蹈和数学被认为是通用语言。

故选B项。

4．答案与解析：C 主旨大意题。

通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了什么是通用语言，因此C项“通用语言连接不同的文化”适合作本文最佳标题。

故选C项。

B
【语篇解读】本文为记叙文，讲述了Mary Anning的生平事迹。

Mary是英国化石收藏家、经销商和古生物学家，她的化石搜寻帮助改变了人们思考世界的方式。

5．答案与解析：B 细节理解题。

根据第二段首句Mary was born into a poor family
in England on May 21,1799.和第五、六句Mary's father took his children along the beach. They picked up shells and stones to sell to visitors.可知，Mary家境贫寒，父亲带着孩子们沿海滩捡贝壳和石头卖给游客，以维持生计。

6．答案与解析：D 推理判断题。

根据第四段首句Since then, Mary became crazy about fossil­hunting.和第五段前三句Rich friends helped Mary by selling fossils for her. They sent her money. Scientists wrote letters and came to see her.以及第五句Mary also opened a shop to sell fossils, stones and shells.等可知，自从发现了鱼龙化石，Mary就迷上了化石，有钱的朋友帮她卖化石，科学家们写信并来看她，她还开了一家商店卖化石、石头和贝壳，因此推断那时候她很受欢迎。

7．答案与解析：C 细节理解题。

根据第三段首句In 1811 when Mary and Joseph were hunting fossils, Joseph saw a bone sticking out of the rock.可知，Joseph首先看到了鱼龙化石。

8．答案与解析：A 词义猜测题。

根据第四段第二、三、四句She liked to hunt on the beach after a storm. The wind, rain and waves made the rocks crumble. It was easy to spot fossils.可知，她喜欢在暴风雨后到海滩上搜寻化石，因为风、雨和海浪会使岩石崩裂，从而使发现化石更容易。

Ⅱ.七选五
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。

伦敦塔历史悠久，在这漫长的历史长河中，它曾经是帝王的宫殿，也曾作为监狱使用过。

1．答案与解析：G 根据下文的“After the Normans had conquered England...”可知，所填的句子介绍的是伦敦塔的初期，G项符合语境。

2．答案与解析：A 根据下文的“Then they would travel from the tower to Westminster Abbey where they were crowned.”可知，A项“在加冕前，国王通常在塔里过夜”符合语境。

3．答案与解析：C 本段中提到曾关押在塔里的一些贵族和政要囚犯。

由此可知，C项“由于一些囚犯被关在那里，这座塔受到了人们的关注”可作为本段的主题句。

4．答案与解析：F 前面提到“塔中的一些居民不是人”，F项提到乌鸦，是对上文内容的解释说明。

5．答案与解析：E 根据空格前的“据说如果乌鸦离开塔，塔就会倒塌，国王的统治就会结束”可知，E项“因此，乌鸦的翅膀通常会被剪短，这样它们就不能飞走了”符合语境。

Ⅲ.语法填空
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国的传统节日——腊八节。

1．答案与解析：twelfth 考查数词。

这里是指第十二个月，且前面有the，所以应用序数词。

故填twelfth。

2．答案与解析：pronunciation 考查词性转换。

在the same后作has的宾语，应用名词。

故填pronunciation。

3．答案与解析：stories 考查名词单复数。

story是可数名词，前有several修饰，所以应用复数形式。

故填stories。

4．答案与解析：is 考查主谓一致。

be在此是谓语动词，主语是主语从句what we do know，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。

故填is。

5．答案与解析：a 考查冠词。

句意为：这也是中国古人祈求丰收的一个时间。

此处泛指一个时间，其前应用不定冠词。

故填a。

6．答案与解析：eating 考查非谓语动词。

设空处作介词of的宾语，应用动名词。

故填eating。

7．答案与解析：In 考查固定搭配。

in general为固定搭配，意为“总的来讲”。

故填In。

8．答案与解析：Traditionally 考查副词。

修饰整个句子应用副词作状语。

故填Traditionally。

9．答案与解析：Another 考查代词。

这里是说，腊八节的另外一个传统是泡腊八蒜。

故填Another。

10．答案与解析：which 考查定语从句关系词。

________ is the best seasoning for the dumpling feast at the Spring Festival是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Laba garlic，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词which。

故填which。