细节理解型题目常设的七大命题陷阱

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单项选择题的十种命题“陷阱”及解题对策

单项选择题的十种命题“陷阱”及解题对策高考英语单项选择题是由题干和选项组成的。

主要考查学生对英语语法、词汇和交际功能的掌握情况。

近年来单项选择试题呈现出语境理解要求高、选项干扰性强、题干迷惑度高等特点，给考生正确解题带来很大难度。

命题者经常精心、巧妙地设置若干“陷阱”。

笔者在平时的备考复习中，在着力对学生进行思维能力培养的同时，抓紧引导学生去识别这些“陷阱”，并进一步逐个击破，以提高学生的解题效率。

下面笔者结合高考试题就英语单项选择题的十种“陷阱”及解题对策作一下介绍。

一、定势陷阱思维定势是指人们在长期的思维过程中所形成的一种固定的思维模式。

通俗—点讲就是学生根据已有的感性认识去解答既定命题。

这种心理状态往往“先入为主”，它未能有效地培养和调控综合信息，从而对考生产生消极的影响，会误导考生掉入命题人所预设的陷阱，得出错误的结论。

对策：解题时应排除思维定势干扰，仔细分析每个被自己排除的答案的理由，同时认真分析似曾相识的题干并尽可能弄清来龙去脉，从而成功破题。

例如：Although ____my opinion, the old professor didn't come up with his own.A. againstB. onC. forD. in分析：不少考生可能抓住空格后面的my opinion 而选择D .因为在他们的记忆中，能和my opinion构成短语的只有in my opinion (依我看)。

其实本题句意是：“虽然反对我的意见，但是老教授也提不出他自己的观点”。

因此只能选A，表示“反对”。

试一试：1、It was a pity that the great writer died _ _his works unfinished.A. forB. withC. fromD. of2、 I saw a woman running towards me in the dark．Before I could recognize whoshe was，she had run back in the direction she had come．A．of which B．by which C．in which D．from which 分析：1、习惯上die后面常接of或from，表示“因……而死亡”。

答题技巧大揭秘如何在选择题中避免常见陷阱

答题技巧大揭秘如何在选择题中避免常见陷阱在选择题的考试中，常常会遇到各种陷阱，使得我们选择错误答案。

为了避免这些常见陷阱，我们需要掌握一些答题技巧。

本文将揭秘一些常见陷阱，并提供一些应对方法，帮助你在选择题中更准确地选择正确答案。

一、干扰选项陷阱在选择题中，常常会出现一些干扰选项，它们看起来非常类似于正确答案，容易让考生误选。

为了避免这个陷阱，我们需要注意以下几点：1. 仔细阅读题干：在做选择题时，首先要仔细阅读题干，理解题目的要求和设置。

这样可以帮助我们排除一些明显错误的选项，减少干扰。

2. 对比选项：在看选项时，要注意将每个选项与其他选项进行对比，找出它们之间的差异。

这有助于我们找出正确答案。

3. 查找关键词：有时，在选项中会存在一些关键词，提示了正确答案的线索。

我们应该仔细查找这些关键词，并与题干进行对应，找出正确答案。

二、中庸选项陷阱中庸选项是一种常见的陷阱，选项中给出了一个中间的、看似合理的选择。

为了避免这个陷阱，我们需要注意以下几点：1. 深入理解题干：在阅读题干时，要仔细理解题目的要求，明确答案所需要的条件。

这样可以帮助我们排除一些非极端的选项，减少中庸选项的干扰。

2. 寻找例外情况：有时，在题目中存在一些特殊情况或者例外情况，这些情况可能导致一个看似合理的中庸选项不再适用。

我们应该仔细寻找这些例外情况，并根据它们来判断选项的正确与否。

3. 用具体事例验证选项：如果对某个选项存在疑问，可以通过举例来验证该选项的正确性。

具体事例有时可以提供更直观的证据，帮助我们判断选项是否正确。

三、语义反转陷阱语义反转是一种常见的陷阱，即在题目中使用了具有相反意义的词语或者表述方式。

为了避免这个陷阱，我们需要注意以下几点：1. 仔细阅读题干：在阅读题干时，要特别注意其中使用的词语或者表述方式，判断它们是否具有相反意义。

这样可以帮助我们避免因为对题干的理解错误而选择错误答案。

2. 辨别否定词：在选项中，常常会出现一些否定词，如“不”、“无”、“非”等，它们可以改变一个选项的意义。

高考阅卷老师常挖的10大阅读类陷阱(论述类、实用类文本)

高考阅卷老师常挖的10大阅读类陷阱（论述类、实用类文本）一、论述类文本阅读01 不识命题陷阱【易错点】不识命题者设置的陷阱论述类文本阅读客观选择题的选项设置，命题人一般不会照抄原文语句，而是要“换一种方法”。

正是在“换”的过程中，命题人有意地用了一些方法，改变了原意，以此考查考生的理解能力。

命题人设置客观选择题的错误选项常用以下六种方法：（1）删：删减。

删减句子而改变句意，最常见的是删减定语、状语，修饰成分的删减就意味着语义的改变，有可能是内容的扩大，也有可能是对内容的曲解。

（2）添：添加。

添加定语或状语，造成对内容的曲解。

（3）调：调换。

调换词语或句子顺序，从而改变句意。

（4）改：改变。

改变说法，或换用别的词语代替，造成似是而非。

比如因果颠倒、主客体颠倒、部分涵盖全体、整体替代局部、现实代替猜测……（5）漏：遗漏。

看似是保留原文词句，但结合题干来看只是强调了问题的某一方面，而有意漏掉了另一方面。

这种选项有很大的迷惑性，须多加留意。

（6）凑：拼凑。

将意义有关或无关的几个词语（句子）杂糅凑合而造成错误，或者将望文生义的几个义项强加进去，干扰判断。

【解决对策】精准定位十大雷区1．以偏概全（绝对化）。

主要指空间错位，即以部分代整体（或相反）,以个别代一般（或相反），以特殊代普遍。

从而使考生作出错误的判断。

2．混淆时态（已然与未然）。

就是指故意把原文中尚未确定或还未实现的设想或推测说成既成事实。

如：已经、曾经、过去、现在、目前、将要、尚未、之前、之后等。

3．因果混乱（强加因果）。

一般有两种情况：一是因果颠倒，就是把“因”错断为“果”，“果”错断为“因”，颠倒了两者的关系；二是强加因果，就是把没有因果关系的说成是因果关系。

4．混淆模态（可能与必然）。

命题者在设置根据原文内容进行合理的推断和想象题的选项时，从逻辑推理角度设置陷阱。

把可能出现的情况说成必然出现的情况。

5．主次颠倒。

事物的变化发展就矛盾而言有主要矛盾和次要矛盾，就原因而言有主要原因和次要原因，就表现而言有主要方面和次要方面。

语文阅读理解题的常见陷阱有哪些

语文阅读理解题的常见陷阱有哪些关键信息项：1、常见陷阱类型2、陷阱的表现形式3、应对陷阱的策略11 常见陷阱类型111 偷换概念在阅读理解题中，命题者可能会故意将文中的某些概念进行替换，使考生在理解和答题时产生偏差。

例如，将原文中的“主要原因”偷换成“根本原因”，虽然看似相似，但含义和程度却有很大不同。

112 以偏概全有些题目会根据文中的局部内容得出过于绝对的结论，而忽略了整体的语境和其他相关信息。

比如，文中只是提到某个现象在特定情况下的表现，题目却将其推广为普遍现象。

113 无中生有选项中可能会出现一些在原文中根本没有提及的内容，考生若不仔细甄别，很容易被这些凭空捏造的信息所误导。

114 张冠李戴将甲的观点、行为或特征错误地安在乙的身上，导致考生对文章内容的理解出现混乱。

115 强加因果把没有因果关系的两件事硬说成有因果关系，让考生误以为存在必然的逻辑联系。

12 陷阱的表现形式121 词语表述不准确题目中的关键词语可能与原文存在细微的差别，这种差别往往会影响对题意的正确理解。

比如，“大概”“可能”“也许”等模糊性词语的使用，改变了原文的确定性。

122 断章取义只选取文中的某一段落或句子进行命题，而忽略了其前后的相关内容，从而使考生无法全面把握作者的意图。

123 曲解文意对原文的意思进行错误的解读，故意歪曲作者的观点或态度，使考生在答题时陷入误区。

124 混淆时态把原文中的过去时、现在时、将来时等时态混淆，造成对事件发生时间和状态的错误判断。

125 主次不分在选项中强调次要内容，而忽略了文章的重点和关键信息，导致考生答题方向出现偏差。

13 应对陷阱的策略131 仔细审题认真阅读题目，理解题目要求，明确题目所考查的知识点和能力点，圈画出关键词语，避免因粗心大意而掉入陷阱。

132 回归原文遇到拿不准的选项，一定要回到原文中去寻找依据，对照原文进行逐一分析和判断，确保选项与原文的一致性。

133 综合分析不要孤立地看待某个选项，要将其放在整个文章的语境中，结合上下文进行综合考虑，从整体上把握文章的主旨和逻辑关系。

细节推断题中的八个陷阱

细节推断题，顾名思义，要求考生准确理解文段乃至文章的某一细节信息或作出合理推断，考查的是考生在短时间内筛选信息、合理推断的能力。

细节推断题的提问形式包括：“对这段文字理解最准确/不准确的是”、“与这段文字文意(不)相符的是”、“通过这段话，可以知道”、“根据这段话可以得出的结论是”，等等。

一般而言，细节推断题的出题思路是在某一细节处设置陷阱，也就是说，命题者在设置选项时有其惯用的“骗人伎俩”，引诱一部分粗心的考生犯错，从而达到区分考生水平的目的，我们常说“细节之中有魔鬼”，这句话用在细节推断题上最恰当不过。

对于刚上路的新手来说，实在是很有必要知己知彼，熟悉这些“陷阱”，认清“魔鬼”的真面目，本文用意正在于此。

陷阱一：偷换概念在片段阅读的文段中会出现大量的概念，正确理解文意，需要准确把握每个概念。

为了达到迷惑考生的目的，命题者常常会偷换概念。

【例1】周庄旅游收入已经连续多年超亿元大关。

在苏南，与周庄媲美的文化古镇虽不在少数，但旅游收入却只能望周庄而兴叹。

当地的一位老人说，上世纪70年代陈逸飞画了这里的双桥，此画在美国展出时获奖并被石油大亨哈默斥巨资收藏。

1979年邓小平访美时，哈默将此画赠给他，并说这是中国上海附近的一个小镇。

如今，游览江南古镇，周庄已成为首选。

对这段文字理解最准确的是：( )。

(2009年国家第58题)A。

文化交流是国际交流的重要内容 B。

文化是促进经济发展的重要力量C。

旅游是城镇经济快速发展的突破口 D。

文化传播可以成为城镇发展的重要契机【分析】文段可分为两部分，第一部分叙述了周庄旅游发展情况，第二部分分析了出现前述现象的原因：陈逸飞的画向世界宣传了周庄。

综合两部分，可以得出结论：文化传播可以成为城镇发展的重要契机。

故选D。

需要注意的是，在其他三个选项中，B选项的干扰最大。

初看起来，似乎“文化是促进经济发展的重要力量”也是成立的。

但仔细阅读文段可知，文段强调的是“文化传播”而非“文化”本身。

「高考语文系统复习」论述文专题四：八大设题陷阱

「高考语文系统复习」论述文专题四：八大设题陷阱八大设题陷阱识破错误选项的陷阱，是提高答题准确率的关键。

命题者在设置选项时会在以下几方面设置陷阱:设题陷阱一:偷换概念主要指命题者在解释概念或转述文意时，故意弄错对象，迷惑考生，使考生误入歧途。

命题者暗中将两个概念的内涵，如属性、作用、发展趋势等进行了调换、改变或混淆，乍看与原文的说法一样，但仔细推敲就会发现实际上并不是一回事。

如试题选项内容：(2016 天津卷，5，C)文化活动出于社会、政治、经济、家庭等多方面的需求，给个人、社会带来各种福利，是文化消费的体现。

原文信息：文化活动是泛指与文化有关的一切人类活动，文化消费属于其中。

设题陷阱：偷换概念。

判断理由：原文指的是“文化消费属于文化活动”，而选项中表述的是“ 文化活动是文化消费的体现” ，概念的外延颠倒。

设题陷阱二:张冠李戴指命题者在设置干扰项时，故意将此事物表述为彼事物，将事物的此方面表述为彼方面，或者把甲的特点说成是乙的特点，或者将原文中甲的观点态度( 行为状态) 说成是乙的观点态度( 行为状态) 。

如试题选项内容：(2016 浙江卷，8，C)在五四白话文运动中，“学衡”一派对中国古典文学的语言艺术持否定态度，但并不是所有学者都支持彻底抛弃文言文的极端做法。

原文信息：新文化运动提倡者从当时的文化发展大目标出发，反对文言文，提倡白话文。

在追寻白话语言的“ 艺术化” 加工过程中，当年新文化运动提倡者事后的反思性意见，与五四白话文运动中以“ 学衡” 为代表的反对派意见，在语言与文学关系问题的许多认识上有着惊人的一致。

设题陷阱：张冠李戴。

判断理由：“ 学衡” 派反对白话文运动，“ 对中国古典文学的语言艺术持否定态度” 的应是新文化运动提倡者。

设题陷阱三:指代有误选项对原文中的“ 指代内容” 表述有误，或是类别上的，或是程度上的，或是范围上的。

选项内容：在“ 礼” 的发展历程中，周公是承前启后的重要人物，他将史前留传下来的宗教祭祀活动，加工改造成了一整套的礼乐制度。

高考文言文分析综合题错项设题九大陷阱及对策

高考文言文分析综合题错项设题九大陷阱及对策
陷阱
陷阱一：无中生有这类陷阱设置就是命题人在选项中故意编造一些在原文中找不到依据或者是捏造的情节，以此来干扰考生思维。

陷阱二：张冠李戴这类陷阱设置就是在选项中将原文某人做的事、说的话“移花接木”到另一个人物身上，导致对象错位。

陷阱六；事件杂糅这类陷阱设置就是在选项中或杂糅文段里作者所表达的情感或杂糅作者的主要观点，或杂糅不同人物的的观点态度，或杂糅同一人物对不同事件的观点态度，使考生头绪难以理清，正误难以分辨。

陷阱七：言过其实命题者故意拔高或贬低作者的精神从而对其观点态度故意作出错误解说，这是我们常常在解读时容易犯的毛病，即对待古人不能依据其具体时代，不能立足于文本作出合理评价，常常以今律古。

（4）仔细查对。要放回原文中查对，特别是事件中的人物角色、行为的程度等方面，应仔细查对原文的词句，两者间的差别正是把握全文的关键所在。

（5）读题解疑。高考文言文阅读题中，均包含了反过来可帮助我们通读原文的内容，要善于利用这些信息。

（6）看注释解疑。年代、官职、人物关系、特殊事物等，有时会有注释，可以帮助理解文意。

陷阱三：弄错时间这类陷阱设置就是在选项中将原文叙述的事件的发生、发展过程或不同事件之间的时间混乱表述

陷阱四：颠倒顺序这类陷阱设置就是在选项中将原文中没有发生的或将要发生的事情当做已发生的事情，将原文中可能出现的情况当做已出现或必然出现的情况来表述。

陷阱五；故意误译这类陷阱设置就是在选项中对原文某些文言词语的含义或词类活用现象等作不恰当的解释，故意歪曲理解原文语句的意思。

高考专题复习现代文阅读Ⅰ常见设误手法和命题陷阱

论述类文本：常见设误手法和命题陷阱一、常见设误方法论述类文本阅读题要求考生根据材料，选出符合(或不符合)原文意思(或题干要求)的选项。

而这些选择题的选项一般不会抄录原文语句，而是对原文语句或文中涉及的观点态度进行一番改造，改造的方式有“删”“添”“调”“改”“漏”“凑”。

经过这些方式改造出来的选项，有的改变了原文的意思，有的没有改变原文的意思，而改变了原文的二、常见命题陷阱(1)以偏概全以偏概全，是指选项故意增删、改动文中表示范围限制或表示程度轻重的词语，导致以部分代整体（或相反），以个别代一般（或相反），以特殊代普遍（或相反），以次要代主要（或相反）等错误。

【判定技巧】①注意词语前面的修饰与限制词，看一看选项与原文中的指代内容是否存在范围、程度以及频率上的差异；②注意原文表述是涵盖全部还是针对部分，是全称还是特称。

【对点练1】与气候变化有关的国际公平和国内公平问题，实际上就是限制排放的问题。

【原文】总之，气候正义既有空间的维度，也有时间的维度，既涉及国际公平和国内公平，也涉及代际公平和代内公平。

因此，气候正义的内涵是：所有国家、地区和个人都有平等地使用、享受气候容量的权利，也应公平地分担稳定气候系统的义务和成本。

【解题思路】由原文“气候正义的内涵是：所有国家、地区和个人都有平等地使用、享受气候容量的权利，也应公平地分担稳定气候系统的义务和成本”可知，与气候变化有关的国际公平和国内公平问题，既有“公平地分担稳定气候系统的义务和成本”(包括限制排放的问题)的一面，还有“平等地使用、享受气候容量的权利”的一面，因而选项B犯了以偏概全的错误。

【对点练2】（2021·新高考卷Ⅱ·T1D）“等效意识”要求网络行为的主体在现实和网络空间中的行为要始终保持一致。

【原文】所谓“等效意识”，就是当线上的虚拟世界出现道德失范行为时，要将其视为与现实世界中的道德失范行为具有等效的实际影响，因此需要一视同仁地对我们线上和线下的行为提出道德规范要求。

语文阅读理解7个套路题

语文阅读理解7个套路题语文阅读理解是语文学习中的重要组成部分，它不仅考察学生对文本内容的理解，还考察学生的思维能力和表达能力。

在面对阅读理解题目时，掌握一些解题套路可以帮助我们更高效地答题。

以下是7个常见的阅读理解套路题：1. 主旨大意题：这类题目要求学生概括文章的中心思想或主题。

解题时，首先要快速浏览全文，抓住文章的开头和结尾，因为这两个部分往往包含文章的主旨。

同时，注意文章中反复出现的关键词和句子，它们往往是文章主旨的体现。

2. 细节理解题：这类题目考察学生对文章具体信息的记忆和理解。

在解答时，需要仔细阅读文章，关注时间、地点、人物、事件等细节信息。

有时候，答案可能直接在文中找到，有时候则需要通过分析和推理得出。

3. 推理判断题：这类题目要求学生根据文章内容进行逻辑推理，得出结论。

解题时，要注意文章中隐含的信息和作者的暗示，结合常识和逻辑进行判断。

4. 词义猜测题：在阅读中，我们可能会遇到一些生词或不熟悉的短语。

这类题目要求学生根据上下文猜测词义。

解题时，可以通过词根词缀、同义词、反义词、上下文语境等线索来推测词义。

5. 作者观点态度题：这类题目要求学生分析作者在文章中所表达的观点和态度。

解答时，要关注作者的用词、语气、情感色彩等，从而判断作者对某一事物或观点的看法。

6. 文章结构题：这类题目考察学生对文章结构的把握。

解题时，要分析文章的开头、发展、高潮和结尾，理解文章的逻辑顺序和组织结构。

7. 写作手法题：这类题目要求学生分析作者在写作中运用的手法，如比喻、拟人、排比等修辞手法，以及叙述、描写、议论等表达方式。

解题时，要结合文章内容，分析作者的写作技巧和目的。

在解答阅读理解题时，除了掌握这些套路，还需要注意审题，明确题目要求，避免答非所问。

同时，要注意答题的条理性和逻辑性，使答案清晰、准确。

通过不断的练习和总结，可以提高阅读理解的能力。

细节理解型题目常设的七大命题陷阱

“细节”是指文段中那些容易被人忽略、混淆的细小信息。

细节理解型题目考查的是考生按照材料查找关键信息及重要细节、判断新组成的语句与材料原意是不是一致等能力。

细节理解型题目常设的七大命题陷阱为：无中生有、混淆黑白、偷换概念、以偏概全、混淆时态、逻辑混乱、推断错误。

下面中公教育专家就为考生一一讲解。

一、“无中生有”陷阱表现：选项涉及的某个概念、问题或结论在原文中并无提及，尤其是被选项出现对两个事物进行比较时，一般原文并未对它们进行比较。

纠错对策：做题时要仔细检查所给选项的内容是不是能在原文中找到相应依据或可否按照原文推断出来。

中公教育专家建议考生要认真审读原文的每一个词、每一句话，找出前后之间的内在联系，严防相似信息的干扰。

例题１：据报载，著名物理学家、英国剑桥大学教授斯蒂芬•霍金宣布他已放弃对“万有理论”（Theory of Everything）的追求。

过去他以为人们很快就可以找到一个至少能在原则上描述、预测宇宙中所有事物的终极“万有理论”，而此刻他以为，人们永远都取得不了这样的理论；因为按照数学中的“哥德尔不完备性定理”，这样的理论根本就不可能有。

按照这段文字，理解不正确的是（）。

Ａ．任何一种学科的发展都离不开其他学科的支持Ｂ．“哥德尔不完备性定理”比“万有理论”加倍接近事物的真相Ｃ．追求真理的道路并非老是一帆风顺的Ｄ．霍金过往对“万有理论”的追求显示了人们不竭的探索精神中公解析：Ｂ项属于无中生有。

作者并无将“哥德尔不完备性定理”和“万有理论”做比较，就更谈不上何种理论更接近事物的真相。

二、“混淆黑白”陷阱表现：利用材料信息错综复杂的特点，在选项中将材料明确表示正确（错误）的信息予以否定（肯定）。

纠错对策：对于此类陷阱，关键是要从整体上把握原文中的信息，着重研读某一段落，准确寻觅与选项对应的原文或相关信息。

注意用词的肯定性、可能性、推测性，关注语句中出现的条件关系，提取与答案相关的有效信息，方能避开命题人设置的陷阱。

公务员考试行测细节判断题常见错误选项

公务员考试行测细节判断题常见错误选项
在公务员考试行测细节判断题中，常见的错误选项有：
1. 绝对化：错误选项过于绝对化，将问题描述得太绝对或夸大，使选项变得不合理或不可信。

2. 反向选项：错误选项与正确选项相反，容易引导考生误选。

3. 过度推断：错误选项在问题基础上进行过度推断或加入无关信息，使选项变得不合理或不确切。

4. 语义歧义：错误选项使用模糊或歧义的语言，容易使考生产生误解或困惑。

5. 不足信息：错误选项缺乏必要的信息或遗漏了关键细节，使选项变得不完整或不准确。

6. 事实错误：错误选项陈述的事实与题干或背景知识相矛盾，容易引导考生误选。

7. 转移焦点：错误选项将问题的焦点转移到其他方面，使选项变得无关或不合逻辑。

这些错误选项可能会迷惑考生，因此在考试时需要认真阅读题目，仔细分析选项，并根据题干和背景知识进行判断，避免受到错误选项的干扰。

2024年高考语文情境式默写题复习指津,有高考真题,有备考建议,有题型分析,还有强化训练

高考导航高考古代名篇名句默写题体现对传统文化的重视，是对学生必备知识、关键能力、学科素养的考查，也是以考促学，提升学生古代诗文识记理解与分析鉴赏能力的重要手段。

纵观近年高考，古代名篇名句默写在题型设置、分数设定、难度设计等方面相对稳定，但也不乏创新元素。

2023年教育部教育考试院共命制全国甲卷、全国乙卷、新课标I卷、新课标II 卷4套高考语文试卷，河北省使用的是新课标I卷。

本文将以新课标I卷为中心，结合另外三套试卷，对古代名篇名句默写试题进行解读，并在此基础上提出备考建议。

真题再现（2023年新课标Ⅰ卷）17、补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。

（1）司马迁在《报任安书》中说，自己编写《史记》“______”，便遭遇了李陵之祸，因痛惜这部书不能完成，所以“______”。

（2）《旧唐书·音乐志》记载竖箜篌“体曲而长，二十有二弦”，而李贺《李凭箜篌引》中“_______，_______”两句，说明竖箜篌的弦数还有另一种可能。

（3）小刚临摹了一幅诸葛亮的画像，想在上面题两句诗，却一直没想好。

汪老师认为不妨直接用古人成句，比如“_____，_____”就很好。

（2023年新课标Ⅱ卷）17、补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。

（1）欧阳修《五代史伶官传序》中记载，李存勖将李克用留给他的三支箭收藏在祖庙中，其后用兵作战，“_______，_______”，装在锦囊中背在身上，奔赴战场。

（2）陆游《临安春雨初霁》中“_______，_______”两句看似闲适恬静，实则透露出诗人由于内心的惆怅而彻夜难眠。

（3）小刚在他创作的历史小说《正气歌》中写道：文天祥月下独步于江边，眼前壮阔的景象使他不禁吟诵起前人的写景名句“_______，_______”。

（2023年全国甲卷）16. 补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。

（1）《邹忌讽齐王纳谏》中记载，齐王接受邹忌的意见，广开言路。

一开始有很多人进谏，以至“_______”；过了几个月后，则“_______”。

阅读理解题中的常见陷阱有哪些

阅读理解题中的常见陷阱有哪些关键信息项：1、陷阱类型：＿___________________________2、具体表现：＿___________________________3、应对策略：＿___________________________11 阅读理解题中常见陷阱类型111 偷换概念在阅读理解中，有些题目可能会故意将原文中的某个概念进行替换，使答案看似正确，实则与原文不符。

比如原文说的是“某种新技术的应用能够提高生产效率”，而选项中变成了“这种新技术的应用必然使生产效率大幅提升”，将“能够”偷换成“必然大幅”，从而改变了原意。

112 以偏概全部分题目会选取原文中的部分内容进行概括，而忽略了其他重要的信息，导致得出的结论不全面。

例如，原文提到了多个因素对某个现象的影响，而题目只强调其中一两个因素，从而得出片面的结论。

113 无中生有选项中出现的内容在原文中根本没有提及，完全是凭空捏造出来的。

这需要考生在阅读时对原文有清晰的记忆和理解，才能识别出这种陷阱。

114 张冠李戴将不同主体的行为、观点或情况进行混淆，使考生误选。

比如把甲的观点说成是乙的，或者把某一事件发生的时间、地点等关键信息弄错。

115 过度推断根据原文提供的信息进行超出合理范围的推断，得出的结论缺乏依据。

考生需要注意把握原文的逻辑和范围，避免过度联想。

12 常见陷阱的具体表现121 偷换概念的具体表现词汇替换：将原文中的关键词汇换成意思相近但不完全相同的词汇。

范围改变：如把“部分”说成“全部”，“有时”说成“总是”等。

程度变化：如把“可能”说成“一定”，“轻微”说成“严重”等。

122 以偏概全的具体表现只提及部分对象：原文讨论的是多个对象，而题目只针对其中一部分进行论述。

片面强调某一方面：忽略了其他同样重要的方面，使结论不够全面。

123 无中生有的具体表现凭空捏造事实：完全没有在原文中出现的事件、数据或观点。

曲解原文意思：对原文进行错误的解读，得出与原文无关的结论。

细节判断题解题技巧

细节判断题解题技巧如下：
1. 仔细阅读题干题头：题头是题目的核心，蕴含着解题的关键信息，要善于提炼出题目的核心要求。

2. 识别关键词：关键词是命题人用来设置“陷阱”的“顽固”词句，它们常出现在题目的开头，结尾和中间。

3. 排除无关选项：在做题过程中，考生往往会因为对某个选项存在争议而纠结，这时就需要排除与题目无关的信息，准确把握题目的核心要求。

4. 寻找细节中的规律：在做细节判断题时，考生需要寻找命题人设置“陷阱”的规律，如常见的命题人故意设置错误选项的情况。

5. 仔细核对选项：在核对选项时，考生需要仔细比对选项之间的细微差别，从而找出正确答案。

6. 运用反证法：反证法是一种有效的解题技巧，通过假设某个选项或某种情况为正确答案，然后从命题人的角度出发，逐步推导出符合题目要求的结论。

7. 总结经验教训：在解题过程中，考生需要注意总结自己的经验和教训，发现自己在做细节判断题时存在的问题和不足，比如对于某个关键词的理解不准确、容易产生主观思维等。

通过不断总结和反思，可以逐渐提高自己在细节判断题中的正确率。

做细节判断题需要仔细阅读题目、细心比对选项、善于总结经验教训。

希望以上内容可以帮助到你。

高考英语阅读理解细节题常见出题“陷阱”

高考英语阅读理解细节题常见出题“陷阱”高考英语阅读理解题型中常见的题目设置包括主旨大意题、细节理解题、推理判断题和词义猜测题等四大题型。

细节理解题一直是考查重点，且该题型的难度逐年上升，但只要考生掌握了此种题型的命题特点和应对办法，再难的题目也会迎刃而解！一、直接信息题在高考英语阅读理解试题中，假如答题信息可以直接从文中获取，我们称之为直接信息题。

直接信息题常用特殊疑问词when、where、who、what、why 和how 等来提问，只要在做题时针对所问内容进行标记，此类型题目很容易找到答案。

可以说直接信息题是高中英语阅读理解题目中最简单、最容易得分的题型。

二、归纳概括题在高考英语阅读理解试题中，假如在答题时需要对文中两个或多个信息点进行归纳总结概括，我们称之为归纳概括题。

三、语意转换题在高考英语阅读理解试题中，如果正确的选项是对文中信息进行了同义的转换，比如用近义词替换原文词语或用近义的短语进行文中信息的替换，我们称之为语意转换题。

语意转换题有时候选项与原文语句在表达上存在较大差异，需要进行对比和整理后才能得出正确选项，此类题目相对其他阅读题型而言，难度较大。

四、数字计算题在高考英语阅读理解试题中，假如在答题时需要对文中提供的数字进行简单的计算才可得出答案，我们称之为数字计算题。

无论哪种类型的细节题，我们在弄清楚题目所问之后，为保证该题型的答题准确率，关键在于把握住文章事实和细节，同时，抓住文章事实和细节也是做好其他类型题的基础。

细节题常见的题目设置为：What can we learn about... from the passage?According to the passage, the...All the following is mentioned in the passage EXCEPT...Which of the following is the correct order of…How many did the...?What should we do about...?一、偷换概念把原文中关键词或限定词去掉或用其他词进行替换。

易错点—— 阅读理解：细节理解题(4大陷阱)-备战2024年高考英语考试易错题(原卷版)

易错点14 阅读理解细节理解题目录01 易错陷阱（4大陷阱）02 举一反三【易错点提醒一】扩缩范围易混易错点【易错点提醒二】张冠李戴易混易错点【易错点提醒三】无中生有易混易错点【易错点提醒四】原词再现易混易错点03 易错题通关易错陷阱1：扩缩范围易混易错点。

【分析】选项中的描述将原文内容扩大或缩小，与原文的内容极其相似,只是在程度上有些变动。

干扰项使用了与文中某句话相似的句子结构和陈述，但在陈述中对某个细节的陈述有变动，关键地方换了单词，增加或删除了部分信息，从而改变了句意，而考生在答题时却没有注意到这一变化。

易错陷阱2：张冠李戴易混易错点。

【分析】所述细节确实与原文一致,但变换了主体，把文中的“张三”换成了选项中的“李四”。

这里的”张冠李戴”指的是把文中作者的观点与他人的观点混淆在一起，比如题干问的是作者的观点，选项陈述的是他人的观点，把两个信息点故意错误地混合在一起，这样偷换概念的陈述与文意相差甚远，考生很容易因为粗心或没有看懂原文而做出错误的选择。

易错陷阱3：无中生有易混易错点。

【分析】在意思上符合常识，但与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反。

对于这样的选项，考试容易在没有充分理解文章信息的情况下凭主观臆断答错题。

易错陷阱4：原词再现易混易错点。

【分析】选项内容部分是文章原文原句或原词，实则部分正确或部分错误，考生对具体信息的内容记忆不全，对这样的试题缺少足够的判断，错选选项。

【易错点提醒一】扩缩范围易混易错点【例1】（2023·江苏泰州·高三姜堰中学校考期中）We have house rules to make LearnEnglish a fun and safe place to improve your English, so please make sure you follow these rules.The age requirementWe welcome learners from around the world who are at least 18 years old. If you are 12 or younger, please use LearnEnglish Kids; if you are 13—17, please use LearnEnglish teens.Who is the LearnEnglish website mainly intended for ?A．English teachers.B．Adult learners.C．Children under 12.D．Students aged between 13 and 17.【变式1】（2023-2024年新未来联考模拟试题）In Saskatchewan, Canada, vegetables have a short growing season. So a very unique farm in Hudson Bay is growing fresh, pesticide-free vegetables in a hydroponic（水培的）farm all year long. There the plants are grown in water instead of soil.Growing vegetables in the middle of nowhere, about 300 kilometres northeast of Saskatoon, may seem like a big risk, but there is no other place for people to get locally grown food. Produce is available in local supermarkets but it is trucked in from far away.The idea to turn the no longer used Stewart Hawke school into a farm came to the Nels when Hudson Bay asked for bids(投标) for the building in 2018.It was empty and if an alternative use wasn’t found, it would be pulled down.k.”......What did the farm use to be?A.A supermarketB.A schoolC. A gardenD. A factory【变式2】（2023·湖北·华中师大一附中校考）In recent years, the psychologically rich life has been receiving greater research attention. It is full of strong emotions, both positive and negative, and new and interesting experiences. They are, however, seldom boring or dull.......These findings suggest that while most people do struggle to be happy and have meaning and purpose in their lives, a sizable number of people are content only living a psychologically rich life. Indeed, other new research suggests that for a lot of people, the intensity (强度) of the experience matters more than only how “positive” or “negative” it was. As Oishi and his colleagues conclude, “we believe that taking the psychologically rich life seriously will deepen, broaden and enrich our understanding of well-being.”At the end of the day, there is no one acceptable path to the good life. You have to find a path that works best for you. As Nietzsche put it: “No one can build you the bridge on which you, and only you, must cross the river of life. There may be countless bridges but there is one path in the world that none can walk but you. Where does it lead? Don’t ask, walk!”1．According to the passage, the psychologically rich life is _________.A．full of meaning and purposeB．nothing but different emotionsC．strong emotions and interesting experiencesD．all about being content with what you have2．Shigehiro Oishi and his colleagues hold the view that ________.A．the psychologically rich life is the best oneB．more people prefer to live a psychologically rich lifeC．there is no difference between,’ positive’ and ‘negative’ experienceD．studying psychological richness helps to understand well-being better【易错点提醒二】张冠李戴易混易错点【例2】（2023·江苏苏州·高三苏州中学校考期中）Animal studies have demonstrated the strong impact of a male mammal’s nutritional history on its offspring (后代). For instance, male rats that experience starvation before mating produce offspring with altered blood sugar levels and changes in hormones like corticosterone (which helps fight stress) and insulin-like growth factor (which aids in baby development)....Increasingly, biology reveals that a person’s health and well-being significantly impact the health and happiness of their future children. It is not solely because a tough man is more likely to be a great father or due to his genetic makeup. Regardless of a person’s inherited characteristics, the lifestyle choices they make throughout their life, even before considering parenthood, will have a lasting impact on their children’s physical and mental well-being.What can be learned from the passage?A．A strong male is likely to leave more offspring behind.B．The lifestyle a male has chosen affects not only himself but also his children.C．A healthy male usually gets the best genes to pass along to his future generations.D．It is unlikely that a happy male will develop anxiety and depression.【变式1】（2023·湖北·高一华中师大一附中校考）If you’re planning to visit Japan, it is a good idea to understand some basic customs.SURGICAL MASKSSeeing photos of people in Japan wearing surgical masks, you might wonder if surgical masks are just a fashion. Meanwhile, in America, we cough into the open air, and sneak out of restrooms without washing up.In Japan, it’s not nice to share germs (细菌). If you’re sick and you must leave your home, you put a surgical mask because that’s polite. Surgical masks are also worn out of caution — if you travel in a packed train during flu season, it’s a good idea to do so.......About YOUR SHOESWearing shoe in the house is just not something people do in Japan. You should remove your shoes immediately after entering a Japanese home and also when entering most historic buildings. 1．The Japanese consider wearing a surgical mask as ________.A．a fashion B．a dangerC．good manners D．a good idea2．When you are visiting a Japanese home, you are advised to ___________.A．get a snack B．remove your shoesC．put soy sauce over the rice D．wear a mask【易错点提醒三】无中生有易混易错点【例3】（2023·江苏泰州·高三姜堰中学校考期中）We have house rules to make LearnEnglish a fun and safe place to improve your English, so please make sure you follow these rules.The age requirementWe welcome learners from around the world who are at least 18 years old. If you are 12 or younger, please use LearnEnglish Kids; if you are 13—17, please use LearnEnglish teens....What is the purpose of these rules?A．To create a good English-learning environment.B．To encourage everyone to learn English.C．Keep in line with Internet laws.D．To respect users of the website.【变式1】（2023·江苏苏州·高三苏州中学校考期中）In recent years, the study of epigenetics has gained significant popularity, especially among psychologists and sociologists. It emphasizes that gene expression or suppression is influenced by the environment just as much as by genes themselves. Factors such as what we consume, what we experience, and how long we live can switch genes on or off, impacting our personality, body shape, and likelihood of contracting diseases.What does the study of epigenetics show?A．Genes can be easily expressed or suppressed after birth.B．Genes can control body shape and the possibility of diseases.C．Genes are not the only decisive factor behind our characteristics.D．Genes contribute to certain tendencies and characteristics within us.【易错点提醒四】原词再现易混易错点【例4】（2024届福建省三明市等5地高三一模试题）Explore Central Park, one of the largest city parks in the world and one of the most famous symbols of New York. Let’s have a look at its main sights.Central Park is New York’s largest city park and one of the biggest in the world, with an area of 843 acres (about 3.4km2). This park is home to man-made lakes, waterfalls, grass and wooded areas. You will also find the Central Park Zoo, among other attractions in this greenspace of New York. What can we learn about the Central Park from the text?A．It is home to lakes and waterfalls.B．It is perfect for doing outdoor sports.C．It is the largest city park in the world.D．It is the most famous symbol of New York.【变式1】（2023·湖北·高一华中师大一附中校考阶段）It isn’t easy to climb the Old Man of Hoy, one of the tallest in the United Kingdom. It is even more dangerous if you happen to be a blind climber, as Jesse Dufton is. The 34-year-old was born with a rare genetic disease (遗传病) that left him with less than 20 percent of his vision (视觉), which then kept dropping over the years. He chooses to climb, because it’s better than sitting at home feeling sorry for yourself, right? Climbing is not the most dangerous thing I do on an average day; crossing the road on the way to work is far more risky than Hoy.”Dufton has been climbing mountains since childhood. As a skilled climber, his father would take him out at weekends. He was always physical then, always up for adventure. He played sports atschool, though quickly grew frustrated (沮丧) with many of them. Badminton was a joke for someone like me, and even blind cricket — with a ball with a bell in it — annoyed me. “Instead he was attracted to climbing and skiing, and insists that climbing is one of the safer activities for a blind person to undertake. “True, you can’t see the handholds, or the footholds. You can’t see where the opportunities are, or where to place your hands and your gear (齿轮), so you just have to take it slowly. You search around until you can feel for something to hold onto, and then basically repeat the process over and over again. To keep calm in these situations helps.”It was Jesse himself who made a documentary happen. He told the filmmaker Alistair Lee about his pastime, believing it might be worth capturing on film. I realized my story was quite unusual,” he says, adding that he felt almost duty-bound to share it. If somebody like me watches it, and they find it inspirational, then it wouldn’t be right for me to keep that from them, wouldn’t it?”1．What is more dangerous in Jesse Dufton’s eyes?A．Losing eyesight gradually.B．Daily routines in his life.C．Climbing the Old Man of Hoy.D．Staying at home all day.2．Jesse persuaded Alistair Lee to make a documentary to _________.A．show his unique talent for climbingB．inspire more people with disabilityC．give credit to the brave climbersD．educate people about risky sports1.（2023年新高考I卷A篇）Bike Rental & Guided Tours......PricesHand Brake, Three Gears Foot Brake, No Gears1 hour€7.50€5.003 hours€11.00€7.501 day (24 hours)€14.75€9.75Each additional day€8.00€6.00Guided City ToursThe 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.1. What is an advantage of MacBike?A. It gives children a discount.B. It of offers many types of bikes.C. It organizes free cycle tours.D. It has over 2,500 rental shops.2. How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days?A. €15.75.B. €19.50.C. €22.75.D. €29.50.3. Where does the guided city tour start?A. The Gooyer, Windmill.B. The Skinny Bridge.C. Heineken Brewery.D. Dam Square.2.（2023年新高考II卷A篇）Yellowstone National Park offers a variety of ranger programs throughout the park, and throughout the year. The following are descriptions of the ranger programs this summer.Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone (May 26 to September 2)Whether you’re hiking a backcountry trail (小径), camping, or just enjoying the park’s amazing wildlife from the road, this quick workshop is for you and your family. Learn where to look for animals and how to safely enjoy your wildlife watching experience. Meet at the Canyon Village Store.Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics (June 5 to August 21)Kids can test their skills and compare their abilities to the animals of Yellowstone. Stay for aslittle or as long as your plans allow. Meet in front of the Visitor Education Center.Canyon Talks at Artist Point (June 9 to September 2)From a classic viewpoint, enjoy Lower Falls, the Yellowstone River, and the breathtaking colors of the canyon (峡谷) while learning about the area’s natural and human history. Discover why artists and photographers continue to be drawn to this special place. Meet on the lower platform at Artist Point on the South Rim Drive for this short talk.Photography Workshops (June 19 &July 10)Enhance your photography skills — join Yellowstone’s park photographer for a hands-on program to inspire new and creative ways of enjoying the beauty and wonder of Yellowstone.6/19 — Waterfalls &Wide Angles: meet at Artist Point.7/10 — Wildflowers &White Balance: meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area.1. Which of the four programs begins the earliest?A. Photography Workshops.B. Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics.C. Canyon Talks at Artist Point.D. Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone.2. What is the short talk at Artist Point about?A. Works of famous artists.B. Protection of wild animals.C. Basic photography skills.D. History of the canyon area.3. Where will the participants meet for the July 10 photography workshop?A. Artist Point.B. Washburn Trailhead.C. Canyon Village Store.D. Visitor Education Center.3.(2022年新高考II卷)We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia tools. Many young people don’t even realize it’s new. For them, it’s just normal.This hit home for me as I was sitting with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday. I had brought a children’s book to read. It had simple words and colorful pictures — a perfect match for his age.Picture this: my grandson sitting on my lap as I hold the book in front so he can see the pictures.As I read, he reaches out and pokes (戳) the page with his finger.What’s up with that? He just likes the pictures, I thought. Then I turned the page and continued. He poked the page even harder. I nearly dropped the book. I was confused: Is there something wrong with this kid?Then I realized what was happening. He was actually a stranger to books. His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. He thought my storybook was like that.Sorry, kid. This book is not part of your high-tech world. It’s an outdated, lifeless thing. An antique, like your grandfather. Well, I may be old, but I’m not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit video and produce audio. I use mobile payment. I’ve even built websites.There’s one notable gap in my new-media experience, however: I’ve spent little time in front of a camera, since I have a face made for radio. But that didn’t stop China Daily from asking me last week to share a personal story for a video project about the integration of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei province.Anyway, grandpa is now an internet star — two minutes of fame! I promise not to let it go to my head. But I will make sure my 2-year-old grandson sees it on his tablet.5．Why did the kid poke the storybook?A．He took it for a tablet computer.B．He disliked the colorful pictures.C．He was angry with his grandpa.D．He wanted to read it by himself.6．What does the author think of himself?A．Socially ambitious.B．Physically attractive.C．Financially independent.D．Digitally competent.7．What can we learn about the author as a journalist?A．He lacks experience in his job.B．He seldom appears on television.C．He manages a video department.D．He often interviews internet stars.4.（广东省七校联合体2023-2024学年高三联考试题）......During the world’s first holographic lesson, Ms Raducanu’s avatar appeared to feed balls to the players and gave live feedback on their shots, like “that was fast and there was lots of topspin on that”. Even Sam said he thought she had been prerecorded at first until she spoke with him directly.Their holographic training session offers a glimpse into how advancing technology could revolutionize tennis coaching, according to Dr Ian Pearson.Dr Pearson thinks that mixed reality headsets will soon allow tennis players to feel they are playing in unusual virtual environments, like on a space station or the middle of a lake Through 5G, the future of tennis will see increased interaction between real life tennis courts and the rich imagination we see in computer games-playing whenever, wherever and whoever you want.Full sensory virtual reality could even place the viewer inside the tennis player’s shoes in real time. Dr Pearson said: “By 2030, with active skin technology, the playing styles and even the sensations of top-level players could be captured, so that anyone could experience how it actually felt to play that game through full sensory virtual reality.”4．What did Ms Raducanu do in the first holographic lesson?A．Give players a real time guidance.B．Require players to follow her shots.C．Record coaching contents in advance.D．Share her experiences through the hologram. 5．What can full sensory virtual reality make viewers do?A．Increase their imagination of sports.B．Take the place of top level players.C．Experience the feeling of players on the spot.D．Have a sense of playing in an unusual place.5.（广东省七校联合体2023-2024学年高三联考试题）People trained to detect lies often rely on multiple signs, such as eye contact, length of responses and the details in what people say, but studies have shown that assessing a wide range of behavioural information can make it harder to decide if someone is lying. Bruno Verschuere at the University of Amsterdam and his colleagues wondered whether solely focusing on the detail of statements could provide more consistent results.To test this idea, researchers asked 44 students to go for a walk or steal from a mock (模仿的) crime. Students were instructed to lie if they committed the fake theft.Next, the researchers recruited 171 people to watch six truthful and six deceptive (欺骗的) interviews from these recordings, ranking interviewees’ eye contact and detail level. The results revealed that both truth-tellers and liars averted (转移) their gaze a similar amount, but truthful statements were substantially more detailed than deceptive ones, suggesting the latter is a more useful way to tell that someone is lying.......8．Bruno Verschuere and his colleagues conducted the research to confirm that ________.A．behavioral information played a vital role in finding out the truthB．people should be trained to detect lies by referring to multiple cuesC．truthtellers and liars shared something in common when performing the taskD．it’s relatively easier to identify liars by relying only on the detail of statements9．What can we learn from paragraph 3 and 4?A．Liars turned away their eyes more often than truth-tellers.B．Truthful statements included considerably more details than deceptive ones.C．It’s difficult for participants to detect liars by using multiple cues like eye contact.D．Participants who relied on one cue can distinguish lies from the truth faultlessly.6.（2024届浙江省强基联盟高三仿真模拟卷）Young people are being criticized for working from home again, with one professor saying it adversely affects their professional and romantic success.Scott Galloway, a marketing professor at the New York University, spoke about the harms of being at home at The Wall Street Journal’s CEO Council Summit, on Wednesday.A clip posted on TikTok shows Galloway saying, “You should never be at home. That’s what I tell young people. Home is for seven hours of sleep and that’s it. The amount of time you spend at home is oppositely correlated to your success professionally and romantically. You need to be out of the house.”In another clip at the same event, the professor insisted that success and work-life balance do not go hand in hand. He said, “If you expect to be in the top 10% economically, much less the top 1%,buck up. Two decades plus, of nothing but work. That’s my experience.”Galloway has long been an advocate of office working and shunned remote working habits because it weakens young people’s ability to build relationships and network. He previously advised young workers, “Before you collect dogs and spouses, get into the office, establish mentors, establish friends,” in an interview with CNN. He added that workers who get promoted are the ones with the best relationships at work.8．What can be the harm of working from home according to Galloway?A．Less successful careers.B．Imbalance between work and life.C．Worse relationship at home.D．Loss of sleep time.9．What can be Galloway’s advice to young workers?A．Develop remote working habits.B．Keep a pet at home.C．Establish relationships in the office.D．Get promotion at work.7.（2024届浙江省强基联盟高三仿真模拟卷）A new study suggests that mindfulness education — lessons on techniques to calm the mind and body — can reduce the negative effects of stress and increase students’ ability to stay engaged, helping them stay on track academically and avoid behavior problems.After finding that students who self-reported mindful habits performed better on tests and had higher grades, researchers from the Center for Education Policy Research at Harvard University wanted to know if school-based mindfulness training could help more students reap similar benefits.......12．What was the purpose of the study?A．To examine the techniques for practicing mindfulness.B．To study the effects of group mindfulness training on students.C．To see how students help themselves to perform better on tests.D．To understand why mindfulness training calms the mind and body.8.（2023年湖南省郴州市九校联盟高三试题）Eighteen-year-old David Aguilar from Andorra was born without a right forearm due to a rare genetic condition but that has never stopped him from doing anything he wanted to do including typing on a computer with his partial arm.Like most kids, David was a LEGO fan and he loved building cars, boats, planes, and motorbikes. But David also knew that he looked different and wanted to do something about it. “As a child I was very nervous to be in front of other guys, because I was different, but that didn’t stop me believing in my dreams,” David said. “I wanted to... see myself in the mirror like I see other guys, with two hands.”......David plans to create affordable prosthetics for people who need them, saying, “I would try to give them a prosthetic, even if it’s for free, to make them feel like a normal person.”4．How did David feel when standing in front of other kids?A．Anxious.B．Natural.C．Confident.D．Frightened. 5．What’s David’s dream?A．To be an expert in building LEGO.B．To become rich by selling prosthetic arms.C．To offer disabled people cheaper prosthetics.D．To start a company hiring more disabled people.9.（2023年湖南省郴州市九校联盟高三试题）When the Great Backyard Bird Count (GBBC) began last Friday, Steve and Janet Kistler of Hart County, Kentucky, joined in. They’ve done so every year since the now-global tradition began 25 years ago.For Moira Dalibor, who teaches math at a school, this was the first count. She led a group of students and parents to an arboretum (植物园) for an exercise in data-gathering. They were among hundreds of thousands of people around the world counting and recording over four days. Last year, about 385,000 people from 192 countries took part in the GBBC．......This is how it works: Participants watch birds, whether that means looking out of the window for15 minutes or taking a longer trip to a nature area. Organizers recommend the Merlin bird ID app to distinguish birds by size, shape, song or other characteristics. Many participants also carry field guides and binoculars (双筒望远镜) along with their phones. They then enter the findings into the eBird app. Those numbers help researchers track the ups and downs of various species, which then help determine the direction of conservation efforts.Dalibor prepared her classes with information about local species and practiced with the Merlin app. The kids recorded bird sightings with pencils and drawing boards, and parent volunteers entered those numbers on phones.12．Why did Dalibor lead her students to an arboretum?A．To do exercise for health.B．To observe different plants.C．To practice their math skills.D．To collect information about birds.13．What can people use the Merlin bird ID app to do?A．To record their findings.B．To identify different birds.C．To help determine the birds’ habitat.D．To track the ups and downs of various species.10.（福建省厦门第二中学2023-2024年高三试题）Central ParkExplore Central Park, one of the largest city parks in the world and one of the most famous symbols of New York. Let’s have a look at its main sights.Central Park is New York’s largest city park and one of the biggest in the world, with an area of 843 acres (about 3.4km2). This park is home to man-made lakes, waterfalls, grass and wooded areas. You will also find the Central Park Zoo, among other attractions in this greenspace of New York.Besides being the city’s primary green lungs, Central Park is also a favorite spot for many New Yorkers. It is perfect for sunbathing, going for walks, or doing any outdoor sports. Something that we found curious is seeing so many people running with their babies in prams (婴儿车).......1．What can we learn about the Central Park from the text?A．It is home to lakes and waterfalls.B．It is perfect for doing outdoor sports.C．It is the largest city park in the world.D．It is the most famous symbol of New York.2．Which one of the following things is free?A．Hiring a bicycle.B．Entrance to Central Park.C．Visiting Central Park Zoo.D．Going to the Metropolitan Museum of Art.11.（福建省厦门第二中学2023-2024年高三试题）As we all know, insects can be remarkably agile (灵活的) in flight. This is really hard to build into flying robots, but MIT Assistant Professor Kevin Yufeng Chen has developed an insect-sized drone (无人机) that approaches insects’ agility.Typically, drones require wide open spaces. “If we look at most drones today, they’re usually quite big,” says Chen. “Most of their applications involve flying outdoors. The question is: Can you create an insect-sized drone that can move around in very crowded and complex spaces?”According to Chen, he overcame many problems when building the drone. The insect-sized drone requires a fundamentally different construction from a larger one. The large drone is usually powered by a motor, but the motor loses efficiency as you shrink it. So, Chen says, “For an insect-sized drone, you need to look for alternatives.” The principal alternative until now has been employing a small, rigid actuator (执行器) built from new materials. Chen designed a more agile tiny drone using soft actuators instead of hard ones.......8．What can we know about the actuator designed by Chen?A．It weighs about six grams.B．It drives the insect-sized drone.C．It loses efficiency too much.D．It employs conventional materials.12.（湖北省孝感市重点高中协作体2023-2024学年高三试题）My husband and I always wanted to go to the Caribbean but didn’t know much about the islands or how we were going to afford it. By chance, a friend of ours in Australia mentioned “pet sitting” and that it is something you can do all over the world.We quickly created an account on a pet sitting website and began searching for options. There were only a couple of sits available in that part of the world, but we tried our luck, sent a request, and to our surprise, landed a three-month job in Grenada, so our year was going to be taken up with Caribbean pet sits.......24．Why did the author do pet sitting?A．To cover travel expenses.B．To raise fund.C．To conserve the environment.D．To shoot beautiful beaches.13.（湖北省孝感市重点高中协作体2023-2024学年高三试题）Just like happiness and sadness, anxiety is part of everyone’s lived experience—but it’s not always tolerated as such. “People often spend too much time and effort trying to rid anxiety,” says Dr Joel Minden, a clinical psychologist. “I encourage them to remember that anxiety is a normal emotional response.”If you try to banish anxiety, all you’re doing is putting it more at the forefront of your mind. But if you accept anxiety as part of life, you can learn to relate to it with self-pity or even with humour. This is a cornerstone of acceptance and commitment therapy(ACT), which has been gaining clinical validation, including by the American Psychological Association. ACT guides people to see their unpleasant emotions as just feelings and to accept that parts of life are hard. Sufferers are encouraged to begin a dialogue with anxious thoughts, examining their causes while also keeping in mind their personal goals and values.......32．What may Dr Joel Minden agree about anxiety?A．It is often improperly treated.B．It should be seriously taken.C．It is easily-earned experience.D．It goes hand in hand with joy.。

银行笔试EPI阅读题技巧

银行笔试EPI阅读题技巧xx银行笔试EPI阅读题技巧银行是近年来比较吃香的职业，下面是应届毕业生给大家提供的笔试技巧，快来阅读看看吧。

在细节理解型题目中，命题人常设的陷阱有以下七种：所谓错误推论就是选项和原材料有一定的相关性，在原材料某一点的基础上过度引申得出，而这种过度的引申往往是错误的。

所谓定性就是给 ___的观点或态度强加上某种观点态度或情感倾向，有些材料并不能看出 ___的态度观点，如果强加上某种态度观点，便是错误定性。

无：即无中生有，是指把没有的说成有，凭空捏造。

在题目中主要体现为原材料中并没有提及这层意思，但是在选项中体现出来了。

偏：以偏概全，主要指空间错位，即以部分代整体，以局部代全局;或者以全局代局部，以个别代一般，从而误导考生。

反：即相反或相悖。

是指选项的设置和原材料 ___的意思正好相反。

混：混淆概念。

是指若干概念混杂在一起，界限不分明，使人无法分辨。

混淆充分条件和必要条件关系：是指在选项中通过关联词语的`变化把原材料中的充分条件说成是必要条件，或者把必要条件说成是充分条件。

做题过程中，有一些选项表述比较绝对，这样的选项正确的几率很小，但也不是一定错，要以材料为准。

而表述相对委婉的选项，正确的几率相对更高。

绝对化选项：出现一些绝对化的词语或者运用绝对化的表达方式。

绝对化的词：全部、所有、都、一定、必须、最、一样、相等、相同等。

绝对化的表述：除了 A 不能B;只有……才……;只要……就……等。

弱化选项：表述相对委婉的一些选项，包含一些比较弱化的词语，如：有些、一些、大概、可能、部分、差不多、相近、相似等。

已然与未然：是指材料的时态和选项表达的时态不同，可能材料表述的是未来时态，而选项变成了过去时态，考生疏忽大意，导致选错。

应然与实然：也叫可能与现实，是指材料的情态和选项表达的情态不同，比如材料是可能的情态，选项会被设计成现实的情态，考生在不注意的情况下，也容易选错答案。

强加因果：是指材料中不具有因果关系的两个概念或者事物，在选项中被强行说成因果关系。

数位命题专家爆料：高考数学常设32个命题陷阱,80%的同学中招失分!

数位命题专家爆料：高考数学常设32个命题陷阱，80%的同学中招失分！数学考题都是有套路的。

命题老师喜欢把坑挖在哪里，陷阱喜欢设在哪里，提前知道了，就很容易避免丢分。

本文提到的老师最爱设置的32个陷阱，也是大部分同学容易犯错丢分的知识点，请大家对照这些知识点将相关内容再过一遍！相信看过这些再做题，数学题就像没了牙齿的老虎，而做题的感觉，也会是一马平川。

01数学式陷阱1：在较复杂的运算中，因不注意运算顺序或者不合理使用运算律，致使运算出现错误。

常见陷阱是在实数的运算中符号层层相扣。

陷阱2：要求随机或者在某个范围内代入求值时，注意所代值必须要使式子有意义，常见陷阱是候选值里有一个会使分母为零。

陷阱3：注意分式运算中的通分不要与分式方程计算中的去分母混淆。

陷阱4：非负数的性质：若几个非负数的和为0，则每个式子都为0；常见非负数有：绝对值，非负数的算术平方根，完全平方式。

陷阱5：五个基本数的混合运算：0指数，基本三角函数，绝对值，负指数，二次根式的化简，这些需牢记。

陷阱6：科学计数法中，精确度和有效数字的概念要清楚。

02方程与不等式陷阱1：运用等式性质解方程时，切记等式两边不能直接约去含有未知数的公因式，必须要考虑约去的含有未知数的公因式为零的情形。

陷阱2：常在考查不等式的题目时候埋设关于性质3的陷阱，许多人因忘记改变符号的方向而导致结果出错。

陷阱3：关于一元二次方程中求某参数的取值范围的题目中，埋设二次项系数包含参数这一陷阱，易忽视二次项系数不为0导致出错。

陷阱4：解分式方程时，首要步骤是去分母，分数相当于括号，易忘记最后对根的检验，导致运算结果出错。

陷阱5：关于一元一次不等式组有解无解的条件，易忽视相等的情况；利用函数图象求不等式的解集和方程的解时，注意端点处的取值。

03函数陷阱1：关于函数自变量的取值范围埋设陷阱。

注意：①分母≠0，二次根式的被开方数≥0，0指数幂的底数≠0；②实际问题中许多自变量的取值不能为负数。