大英Ⅲ-课后习题答案

中国人从小就相信英雄得具有大无畏和自我牺牲精神)。当国家利益和个人利益相冲突时，英雄们总是选择牺牲自己。刘胡兰和董存瑞在中国家喻户晓。1947年，15岁的刘胡兰由于积极投身中国解放运动而被敌人杀害。战士董存瑞手托炸药包，炸毁了敌人的碉堡，并献出了自己的生命。但是，随着时间的推移，英雄的标准已经多样化，人们开始质疑这些英雄是否仍然是当今的楷模

Chinese people are brought up to believe that a hero has to be associated with tremendous courage and self-sacrifice. Whenever there is a contradiction between the interest of nation and their own, Chinese heroes always choose to sacrifice themselves. Both Liu Hulan and Dong Cunrui are household names in China. Liu was a 15-year-old girl killed by the enemy in 1947 for being actively involved in liberation of China. And Dong was a soldier who blew off the enemy blockhouse by holding a pack of explosives in his hand and killed himself in the explosion. However, it is open to question whether they can still be role models today since the criteria for heroes have diversified along with the passage of time.

汉语常被认为是一种非常古老的语言。从某种意义上说，这种说法不免失之偏颇。人类所有的语言都可追溯到朦胧的史前时期)，但目前我们还无法确定这些语言是否都同宗同源。五千年前华夏祖先说汉语的方法同英语人士的祖先说英语的方式大致相似。而从另一种意义上说，汉语确实也是一种很古老的语言。今天所存留下来的最早的汉字已有近四千年的历史。这些文字均为甲骨雕文

Chinese is often termed as a very old language. In a sense such a statement is misleading. All human languages go back to the dim uncertainty of prehistory, and at present we have no way of knowing for sure whether or not they can all be traced back to the same root. Five thousand years ago the ancestors of Chinese people spoke an early form of Chinese language in much the same way that the ancestors of English-speaking people were using English. In another sense, however, Chinese is indeed a very old language. The earliest written forms of Chinese in existence today date back nearly 4,000 years. These writings are incisions on bones and tortoise shell.

去年年底公布的一次全国范围的调研结果描绘了18至19岁的一代青年人对公众事件漠不关心的现象。这一代青年与以前的青年相比，所知的更少，所关心的更少，也更少评论领导人和社会制度。这一代人对政治、政府乃至有关外面世界的新闻报道的冷漠态度已经开始影响中国的政治和社会。至今还没有人能充分地解释这一现象。也许缺乏能鼓动人心的事件，家庭的衰落以及网络的兴起可以解释一二。年轻人自己则认为这是公民教育的缺陷引起，并且不断地谈到他们的压力—对就业和成绩全力以赴的关注以及对职业前景的担忧。

The findings of a national study released late last year paint a portrait of a generation of young adults, from 18 to 19 years of age, who are indifferent toward public affairs. It is a generation that knows less, cares less, and is less critical of its leaders and institutions than young people in the past. The indifference of this generation - to politics, to government, even to news about the outside world - is beginning to affect Chinese politics and society. No one has yet offered a full explanation why this should be so. The lack of mobilizing issues is part of the answer, as are the decline of the family and the rise of internet. Young people themselves mention the weakness of their civic education, and they talk incessantly of stress - their preoccupation with getting jobs or grades and their concern about their job prospects.