国际英语教师资格证 高级证书作业参考答案

Assignment-Define the Acronyms for TESOL,SLA,L1,and L2 TESOL:Teaching English to Speakers of Sther Language

SLA:Second Language Acquisition

L1:"Language1"=the student's native(primary or first acquired)language.

L2:"Language2"=the language being learned or studied

What is an icebreaker activity?What are two types of icebreakers?

Icebreaker activity is used when people meet at first time in a group and they do not know much about each other.Icebreaker activity can create a comfortable and connected atmosphere to make participants feel relax.

There are two types of Icebreakers:

1.Facilitating Introductions:Are used to help participants ease into training and helps the participants to learn each other’s names and information(Dover, 2004).The introduction icebreakers are best used on first days of school when trying to learn student’s names and a little bit about them.

2.Topic Lead-ins:Are used to identify needs and goals,share information and resources,and/or surface resistance(Dover,2004).These will direct the student into the content that will be taught.The icebreakers can be used to generate interest in a topic and activate the student’s prior knowledge.

Topic Lead-ins will encourage the sharing of information and resources(Dover, 2004).

Essay Assignment-Design an icebreaker activity for young learners.

Icebreaker activity:Name That Person

1.Divide into two teams and give each person a blank piece of card.

2.Let them to write five little know facts or features about themselves on their card.

3.Collect the cards into two team piles and draw one card from the opposing team pile.

4.Each team tries to name the person in as few clues as possible.

5.Five points if they get it on the first clue,then4,3,2,1,0.The team with the most points wins.

The reasons why I like this activity:

1.It is easy and convenient to conduct as it just needs cards and pens.

2.It is a fast and efficient way to introduce oneself and let others know by writing several key facts and features about themselves.

3.It is interesting and it can cultivate students teamwork by getting more points for their teams.

The benefits for students:

1.Let them get familiar with one another quickly.

2.Improve their skills of observation and perception and also logical reasoning ability by naming the person in clues.

3.Cultivate students teamwork by getting more points for their teams. Essay Assignment-Describe the bottom-up and top-down listening processes.

Top-down listening refers to the use of background knowledge in understanding the meaning of the message.Background knowledge consists of context,that is,the situation and topic,and co-text,in other words,what came before and after.

In contrast,when listening to directions to a friend’s house,comprehension is achieved by dividing and decoding the sound signal bit by bit.This is the bottom-up listenning process.The ability to separate the stream of speech into individual words becomes more important here,if we are to recognise,for example,the name of a street or an instruction to take a particular bus.In reality,fluent listening normally depends on the use of both processes operating simultaneously.