地铁英语表达.docx
地铁的三种写法英语作文
地铁的三种写法英语作文Title: The Three Modes of Subway: A Comparative Analysis。
Introduction:Subway systems, a hallmark of modern urban transportation, come in various forms across the globe. In this essay, we will delve into three distinct modes of subway systems, namely, the Metro, the Underground, and the Subway, exploring their characteristics, historical backgrounds, and operational differences.Metro:The Metro, often associated with European cities like Paris and Madrid, is characterized by its efficient underground rail network. Originating from the French word "metropolitain," the Metro typically features spacious stations adorned with artistic designs and architecturalmarvels. With its extensive coverage, punctuality, andsleek trains, the Metro serves as a lifeline for commuters and tourists alike.Historically, the Metro traces its roots back to thelate 19th century when cities faced the challenges of urbanization and burgeoning populations. The inauguralMetro system, the London Underground, opened in 1863,setting the stage for the proliferation of underground railways worldwide. Since then, Metros have evolved to incorporate advanced technologies, such as automatic train control and contactless payment systems, enhancing both efficiency and passenger experience.Underground:Contrary to the Metro, the Underground primarily refers to the iconic subway system in London, England. Renownedfor its distinctive red roundel logo and deep-level tunnels, the London Underground holds a special place in the annalsof urban transportation history. Spanning over 400kilometers of track, the Underground serves as a testamentto Victorian engineering prowess and remains a symbol of London's resilience and adaptability.The Underground, colloquially known as the "Tube," operates on a comprehensive network comprising 11 lines, each distinguished by its unique color code. Despite its age, the Tube continues to undergo modernization efforts, including the introduction of air-conditioned trains andWi-Fi connectivity, catering to the needs of contemporary commuters in the bustling metropolis.Subway:In North America, the term "Subway" is synonymous with the rapid transit systems prevalent in cities like New York, Toronto, and Tokyo. Unlike the Metro and the Underground, which predominantly operate underground, Subways often feature a mix of underground and elevated tracks,reflecting the urban landscape and topographical challenges of their respective regions.The New York City Subway, inaugurated in 1904, standsas the archetype of the Subway system, known for its extensive route network and round-the-clock service. Despite facing infrastructure challenges and occasional disruptions, the Subway remains an integral part of New York City's cultural fabric, immortalized in literature, film, and popular culture.Comparative Analysis:While the Metro, Underground, and Subway share the common objective of providing mass transit solutions, they exhibit notable differences in terms of infrastructure, design, and cultural significance. The Metro emphasizes efficiency and aesthetic appeal, with its underground network seamlessly integrated into the urban landscape. In contrast, the Underground embodies a blend of heritage and modernity, symbolizing London's rich history and cosmopolitan character. Meanwhile, the Subway reflects the dynamism and diversity of North American cities, adapting to the evolving needs of its populous clientele.Conclusion:In conclusion, the Metro, Underground, and Subway represent three distinct modes of subway systems, each with its unique attributes and historical legacies. Whether navigating the labyrinthine tunnels of the Metro, marveling at the architectural splendor of the Underground, or experiencing the hustle and bustle of the Subway, these urban transit networks continue to shape the way we commute and perceive our cities. As we embrace the future of transportation, let us not forget the enduring legacy of these iconic subway systems, which serve as conduits of connectivity and catalysts of urban development.。
英语地铁系统介绍(metro,underground railway system)
Rapid transit (Metro)The New York City Subway is the world's largest rapid transit system by track lengthand by number of stations, at 468.The Moscow Metro is one of the busiest metro systems in the world and is the busiest in Europe.Rapid transit, also known as metro, subway, underground, or colloquially as "the train", is a type of high-capacity public transportgenerally found in urban areas.[1][2][3] Unlike buses, trams or light rail, rapid transit systems are electric railways that operate on an exclusive right-of-way, which cannot be accessed by pedestrians or other vehicles of any sort,[4] and which is often grade separated in tunnelsor on elevated railways.Modern services on rapid transit systems are provided on designated lines between stations typically using electric multiple units on rail tracks, although some systems use guided rubber tyres, magnetic levitation, or monorail. The stations typically have high platforms, without steps inside the trains, requiring custom-made trains in order to avoid gaps. They are typically integrated with other public transport and often operated by the same public transport authorities. However, some rapid transit systems have at-grade intersections between a rapid transit line and a road or between two rapid transit lines.[5] It is unchallenged in its ability to transport large numbers of people quickly over short distances with little use of land. Variations of rapid transit include people movers, small-scale light metro, and the commuter rail hybrid S-Bahn.The world's first rapid-transit system was the partially underground Metropolitan Railway which opened as a conventional railway in 1863, and now forms part of the LondonUnderground.[6] In 1868, New York opened the elevated West Side and Yonkers Patent Railway, initially a cable-hauled line using static steam engines.The world's largest rapid transit system by both length of track (842 miles (1,355 km), including non-revenue track)[7] and number of stations (468 stations in total)[8] is the New York City Subway. By length of passenger route, the world's longest single-operator rapid transit system is the Shanghai Metro.[9][10] The busiest rapid transit systems in the world by annual ridership are the Tokyo subway system, the Seoul Metropolitan Subway, the Moscow Metro, the Beijing Metro, and the Shanghai Metro.[11]TerminologyMetro is the most common term for underground rapid transit systems used by non-native English speakers.[12] Rapid transit systems may be named after the medium by which passengers travel in busy central business districts; the use oftunnels inspires names such as subway,[13]underground,[14]Untergrundbahn (U-Bahn) in German,[15] or the Tunnelbana (T-bana) in Swedish;[16] the use of viaducts inspires names such as elevated (el or L), skytrain,[17]overhead, or overground. One of these terms may apply to an entire system, even if a large part of the network (for example, in outer suburbs) runs at ground level.In most of Britain, a subway is a pedestrian underpass; the terms Underground and Tube are used for the London Underground, and the Tyne and Wear Metro, mostly overground, is known as the Metro. In Scotland, however, the Glasgow Subway underground rapid transit system is known as the Subway. Conversely, in the U.S., underground mass transit systems are primarily known as subways, and the term metro is short for metropolitan area.HistoryInitial construction stages of London's Metropolitan Railway atKing's Cross St. Pancras in 1861The opening in 1863 of London's steam-hauled Metropolitan Railway marked the beginning of rapid transit. Initial experiences with steam engines, despite ventilation, were unpleasant. Experiments with pneumatic railways failed in their extended adoption by cities. Electric traction was more efficient, faster and cleaner than steam and the natural choice for trains running in tunnels and proved superior for elevated services. In 1890 the City & South London Railway was the first electric-traction rapid transit railway, which was also fullyunderground.[18]Both railways were eventually merged into London Underground. The 1893 Liverpool Overhead Railway was designed to use electric traction from the outset.[19]The technology quickly spread to other cities in Europe, Canada and the United States with some railways being converted from steam and others being designed to be electric from the outset. Budapest in Hungary and Glasgow, Chicago and New York all converted or purpose-designed and built electric rail services.[20] There were 19 systems by 1940, and 66 by 1984.[citation needed] Cities such as Osloand Marseille opened extensive systems in the 1960s and many new systems were introduced in Southeast Asia and Latin America.[15]Advancements in technology have allowed new automated services. Hybrid solutions have also evolved, such as tram-trainand premetro, which incorporate some of the features of rapid transit systems.[18] In response to cost, engineering considerations and topological challenges some cities have opted to construct tram systems.[21]OperationRapid transit is used in cities, agglomerations, and metropolitan areas to transport large numbers of people often short distances at high frequency. The extent of the rapid transit system varies greatly between cities, with several transport strategies.Some systems may extend only to the limits of the inner city, or to its inner ring of suburbs with trains making frequent station stops. The outer suburbs may then be reached by a separate commuter rail network where more widely spaced stations allow higher speeds. In some cases the differences between urban rapid transit and suburban systems are not clear.[3]Rapid transit systems may be supplemented by other systems such as buses, trams, or commuter rail. This combination of transit modes serves to offset certain limitations of rapid transit such as limited stops and long walking distances between outside access points. Bus or tram feeder systems transport people to rapid transit stops.[22] In Toronto, over 50% of its rapid transit stations have bus and streetcar terminals within the fare-paid zone, providing a connection without requiring proof of payment.[citation needed]LinesEach rapid transit system consists of one or more lines, or circuits. Each line is serviced by at least one specific route with trains stopping at all or some of the line's stations. Most systems operate several routes, and distinguish them by colors, names, numbering, or a combination thereof. Some lines may share track with each other for a portion of their route or operate solely on their own right-of-way. Often a line running through the city center forks into two or more branches in the suburbs, allowing a higher service frequency in the center. This arrangement is used by many systems, such as the Copenhagen Metro[23] and the New York City Subway.[24]Alternatively, there may be a single central terminal (often shared with the central railway station), or multiple interchange stations between lines in the city centre, for instance in the Prague Metro.[25] The London Underground[26]and Paris Métro[27] are densely built systems with a matrix of crisscrossing lines throughout the cities. The Chicago 'L' has most of its linesconverging on The Loop, the main business, financial, and cultural area. Some systems have a circular line around the city center connecting to radially arranged outward lines, such as the Moscow Metro'sKoltsevaya Line and Tokyo's Yamanote Line.The capacity of a line is obtained by multiplying the car capacity, the train length, and the service frequency. Heavy rapid transit trains might have six to twelve cars, while lighter systems may use four or fewer. Cars have a capacity of 100 to 150 passengers, varying with the seated to standing ratio—more standing gives higher capacity. Bilevel cars, used mostly on German S-Bahn type systems, have more space, allowing the higher seated capacity needed on longer journeys. The minimum time interval between trains is shorter for rapid transit than for mainline railways owing to the use of block signaling: the minimum headway might be 90 seconds, which might be limited to 120 seconds to allow for recovery from delays. Typical capacity lines allow 1,200 people per train, giving 36,000 people per hour. The highest attained capacity is 80,000 people per hour by the MTR Corporation in Hong Kong.[28]Network topologiesRapid transit topologies are determined by a large number of factors, including geographical barriers, existing or expected travel patterns, construction costs, politics, and historical constraints. A transit system is expected to cover an area with a set of lines, which consist of shapes summarized as "I", "U", "S", and "O" shapes or loops. Geographical barriers may cause chokepoints where transit lines must converge (for example, to cross a body of water), which are potential congestion sites but also offer an opportunity for transfers between lines. In Walker's analysis, loops appear to provide good coverage, but are inefficient for everyday commuting use, while a rough grid pattern offers a wide variety of routes, while still maintaining reasonable speed and frequency of service.[29]Circle, e.g.GlasgowCircle-radial,e.g.Beijing, London,Madrid, Moscow,Seoul, Shanghai,TokyoSecant,e.g.Athens,Bucharest,Budapest,Hyderabad,Kharkiv, Kiev,Kuala Lumpur,Munich, Prague,São Paulo,Tashkent,TehranComplex grid,e.g.Berlin, Delhi, NewYork, Shenzhen,Osaka, Paris,TaipeiX-shaped,e.g.Amsterdam,Brussels, Oslo,Porto, Riode Janeiro, San Francisco,StockholmDiameter line,e.g.Algiers, Helsinki,Lima, Mumbai,Sendai,YekaterinburgVesica piscis, e.g. Cairo,Lille, Milan,Nuremberg,Rotterdam, Sofia(partly), Tyne and WearCross,e.g.Atlanta,Bangalore,Esfahan,Kaohsiung, Kyoto,Minsk,Philadelphia,Rome, Sapporo,Warsaw Passenger informationInformation panel showing the current location and upcoming stops of an East-West Singapore MRT train. Note that each station has a unique alpha-numeric code, e.g.: EW26 LakesideRapid transit operators have often built up strong brands. The use of a single letter as a station sign has become widespread, with systems identified by the letters L, M, S, T and U, among others.[30] In the Singapore MRT, each station was assigned a unique alphanumeric symbol. E.g.: EW26 Lakeside (26th station on the East West Line). Interchange stations will then have at least two codes. For example, HarbourFront will have two codes, NE1, 1st station on the North East Line section and CC29, 29th station on the Circle Line section. (NE1/CC29 HarbourFront) Branding has focused on easy recognition—to allow quick identification even in the vast array of signage found in large cities—combined with the desire to communicate speed, safety, and authority.[31]In many cities, there is a single corporate image for the entire transit authority, but the rapid transit uses its own logo that fits into the profile.A transit map is a topological map or schematic diagram used to show the routes and stations in a public transport system. The main components are color-coded lines to indicate each line or service, with named icons to indicate stations. Maps may show only rapid transit or also include other modes of public transport.[32]Transit maps can be found in transit vehicles, on platforms, elsewhere in stations, and in printed timetables. Maps help users understand the interconnections between different parts ofthe system; for example, they show theinterchange stations where passengers can transfer between lines. Unlike conventional maps, transit maps are usually not geographically accurate, but emphasize the topological connections among the different stations. The graphic presentation may use straight lines and fixed angles, and often a fixed minimum distance between stations, to simplify the display of the transit network. Often this has the effect of compressing the distance between stations in the outer area of the system, and expanding distances between those close to the center.[32]With widespread use of the Internet and cell phones globally, transit operators now use these technologies to present information to their users. In addition to online maps and timetables, some transit operators now offer real-time information which allows passengers to know when the next vehicle will arrive, and expected travel times. The standardized GTFS data format for transit information allows many third-party software developers to produce web and smartphone app programs which give passengers customized updates regarding specific transit lines and stations of interest.Safety and securityPlatform-edge doors are used for safety at Daan Station on Line 2,Taipei Metro, TaiwanSee also: Classification of railway accidentsCompared to other modes of transport, rapid transit has a good safety record, with few accidents. Rail transport is subject to strict safety regulations, with requirements for procedure and maintenance to minimize risk. Head-on collisions are rare due to use of double track, and low operating speeds reduce the occurrence and severity of rear-end collisions and derailments. Fire is more of a danger underground, such as the King's Cross fire in London in November 1987, which killed 31 people. Systems are generally built to allow evacuation of trains at many places throughout the system.[33][34]High platforms (usually over 1 meter / over 3 feet) are a safety risk, as people falling onto the tracks have trouble climbing back. Platform screen doors are used on some systems to eliminate this danger.Rapid transit facilities are public spaces and may suffer from security problems: petty crimes, such as pickpocketingand baggage theft, and more serious violent crimes. Security measures include video surveillance, security guards, andconductors. In some countries a transit police may be established. These security measures are normally integrated with measures to protect revenue by checking that passengers are not travelling without paying.[35] Rapid transitsystems have been subject to terrorism with many casualties, such as the 1995 Tokyo subway sarin gas attack[36] and the 2005 "7/7" terrorist bombings on the London Underground.InfrastructureMost rapid transit trains are electric multiple units with lengths from three to over ten cars.[37] Power is commonly delivered by a third rail or by overhead wires. The whole London Underground network uses fourth rail and others use the linear motor for propulsion.[38] Most run on conventional steel railway tracks, although some use rubber tires, such as the Montreal Metro and Mexico City Metro and some lines in the Paris Métro. Rubber tires allow steeper gradients and a softer ride, but have higher maintenance costs and are less energy efficient. They also lose traction when weather conditions are wet or icy, preventing above-ground use of the Montréal Metro but not rubber-tired systems in other cities.[39] Crew sizes have decreased throughout history, with some modern systems now running completely unstaffed trains.[40] Other trains continue to have drivers, even if their only role in normal operation is to open and close the doors of the trains at stations.Guideway typesLandungsbrücken station in Hamburg is an example where the U-Bahn is on surface while the S-Bahn station is on lower levelUnderground tunnels move traffic away from street level, avoiding delays caused bytraffic congestion and leaving more land available for buildings and other uses. In areas of high land prices and dense land use, tunnels may be the only economic route for mass transportation. Cut-and-cover tunnels are constructed by digging up city streets, which are then rebuilt over the tunnel; alternatively, tunnel-boring machines can be used to dig deep-bore tunnels that lie further down in bedrock.[18]Street-level railways are used only outside dense areas, since they create a physical barrier that hinders the flow of people and vehicles across their path. This method of construction is the cheapest as long as land values are low. It is often used for new systems in areas that are planned to fill up with buildings after the line is built.[41] Surface-level systems may have dedicated rights-of-way, or may operate by street running in mixed traffic.Elevated railways are a cheaper and easier way to build an exclusive right-of-way without digging expensive tunnels or creating barriers. In addition to street level railways they may also be the only other feasible alternative due to considerations such as a high water table close tothe city surface that raises the cost of, or even precludes underground railways (e.g. Miami). Elevated guideways were popular around the beginning of the 20th century, but fell out of favor; they came back into fashion in the last quarter of the century—often in combination with driverless systems, for instance Vancouver's SkyTrain, London's Docklands Light Railway,[42] the Miami Metrorail, and the Bangkok Skytrain.[43]People mover systems are self-contained rapid transit systems serving relatively small areas such as airports, downtown (central) districts or theme parks, either as independent systems or as shuttle services feeding other transport systems. They are usually driverless and normally elevated. Monorails have been built as both conventional rapid transits and as people movers, either elevated or underground. They are in commercial use in several places, including Germany, Japan and many international airports.Light metro is used when the speed of rapid transit is desired, but for smaller passenger numbers. It often has smaller trains, of typically two to four cars, lower frequency and longer distances between stations, though it remains grade separated. Light metros are sometimes used as shuttles feeding into the main rapid transit system.[44] Some systems have been built from scratch, others are former commuter rail or suburban tramway systems that have been upgraded, and often supplemented with an underground or elevated downtown section.[16]StationsThe spacious Getafe Central station on Line 12 of Madrid Metro has several clearly visible levelsStations function as hubs to allow passengers to board and disembark from trains. They are also payment checkpoints and allow passengers to transfer between modes of transport, for instance to buses or other trains. Access is provided via either island- or side platforms.[45] Underground stations, especially deep-level ones, increase the overall transport time: long escalator rides to the platforms mean that the stations can become bottlenecks if not adequately built. Some underground stations are integrated into shopping centers, or have underground access to large nearby commercial buildings.[46] In suburbs, there may be a "park and ride" connected to the station.[47]To allow easy access to the trains, the platform height allows step-free access between platform and train. If the station complies with accessibility standards, it allows both disabled people andthose with wheeled baggage easy access to the trains,[48] though if the track is curved there can be a gap between the train and platform. Some stations use platform screen doors to increase safety by preventing people falling onto the tracks, as well as reducing ventilation costs.The deepest station in the world is Arsenalna station in Kiev, Ukraine.[49]Particularly in the former Soviet Union and other Eastern European countries, but to an increasing extent elsewhere, the stations were built with splendid decorations such as marble walls, polished granite floors and mosaics—thus exposing the public to art in their everyday life, outside galleries and museums. The systems in Moscow, St. Petersburg, Tashkent and Kiev are widely regarded as some of the most beautiful in the world.[50] Several other cities such as Stockholm, Montreal, Lisbon, Naples and Los Angeles have also focused on art, which may range from decorative wall claddings, to large, flamboyant artistic schemes integrated with station architecture, to displays of ancient artifacts recovered during station construction.[51] It may be possible to profit by attracting more passengers by spending relatively small amounts on grand architecture, art, cleanliness, accessibility, lighting and a feeling ofsafety.[52]Modal tradeoffs and interconnectionsStratford Station in London is shared by London Undergroundtrains (left) and Greater Angliarail services (right), as well as the Docklands Light Railway (not shown).Since the 1980s, trams have incorporated several features of rapid transit: light rail systems (trams) run on their own rights-of-way, thus avoiding congestion; they remain on the same level as buses and cars. Some light rail systems have elevated or underground sections. Both new and upgraded tram systems allow faster speed and higher capacity, and are a cheap alternative to construction of rapid transit, especially in smaller cities.[21]A premetro design means that an underground rapid transit system is built in the city centre, but only a light rail or tram system in the suburbs. Conversely, other cities have opted to build a full metro in the suburbs, but run trams in city streets to save the cost of expensive tunnels. In North America, interurbans were constructed as street-running suburban trams, without the grade-separation of rapid transit. Premetros also allow a gradual upgrade of existing tramways to rapid transit, thus spreading the investment costs over time. They are most common in Germany with the name Stadtbahn.[37]Suburban commuter rail is a heavy rail system that operates at a lower frequency than urban rapid transit, with higher average speeds, often only serving one station in each village andtown. Commuter rails of some cities (such as GermanS-Bahns, Chennai rail, Australian cityrails, Danish S-tog etc.) widely provide a mass transit within city as urban metro systems. As opposition, in some cities (such as PATH in New York, Dubai Metro, Los Teques Metro, Tyne & Wear Metro, MetroSur and other lines of Madrid Metro, Singapore MRT, Taipei Metro, Kuala Lumpur's RapidKL Light Rail Transitetc.) the mainly urban rapid transit systems branch out to the nearest suburbs.Some cities have opted for a hybrid solution, with two tiers of rapid transit: an urban system (such as the Paris Métro, Berlin U-Bahn, London Underground) and a suburban system (such as their counterparts RER, S-Bahn, futureCrossrail, respectively). The suburban systems run on their own tracks with generally high frequency (though less frequently than the urban system), and sometimes operated by the national railways. In some cities the national railway runs through tunnels in the city centre; sometimes commuter trains have direct transfer to the rapid transit system, on the same or adjoining platforms.[53][54] California's BART system functions as a hybrid of the two: in the suburbs, it functions like a commuter rail, with longer trains, longer intervals, and longer distance between stations; in downtownSan Francisco, many lines join and intervals drop to normal subway levels, and stations become closer together. Also, some other urban or "near urban" rapid transit systems (Guangfo Metro, East Rail Line in Hong Kong, Seoul Subway Line 1, etc.) serves the bi- and multi-nucleus agglomerations.Costs, benefits, and impactsThe Docklands Light Railway in London allows for dense land use, while retaining a high capacityAs of May 2012, 184 cities have built rapid transit systems.[55] The capital cost is high, as is the risk of cost overrun and benefit shortfall; public financing is normally required. Rapid transit is sometimes seen as an alternative to an extensive road transport system with many motorways;[56] the rapid transit system allows higher capacity with less land use, less environmental impact, and a lower cost.[57]Elevated or underground systems in city centers allow the transport of people without occupying expensive land, and permit the city to develop compactly without physical barriers. Motorways often depress nearby residential land values, but proximity to a rapid transit station often triggers commercial and residential growth, with large transit oriented development office and housing blocks being constructed.[56][58] Also, an efficient transit system can decrease the economicwelfare loss caused by the increase of population density in a metropolis.[59]Rapid transit systems have high fixed costs. Most systems are publicly owned, by either local governments, transit authorities or national governments. Capital investments are often partially or completely financed by taxation, rather than by passenger fares, but must often compete with funding for roads. The transit systems may be operated by the owner or by a private company through a public service obligation. The owners of the systems often also own the connecting bus or rail systems, or are members of the local transport association, allowing for free transfers between modes. Almost all transit systems operate at a deficit, requiring fare revenue, advertising and subsidies to cover costs.The farebox recovery ratio, a ratio of ticket income to operating costs, is often used to assess operational profitability, with some systems including Hong Kong's MTR Corporation,[60] and Taipei[61] achieving recovery ratios of well over 100%. This ignores both heavy capital costs incurred in building the system, which are often subsidized withsoft loans[62] and whose servicing is excluded from calculations of profitability, as well as ancillary revenue such as income from real estate portfolios.[60] Some metros, including Hong Kong, are even financed by the sale of land whose value has been increased by the building of the system,[41] a process known as value capture.Environmental impactsThe Delhi Metro has won awards for environmentally friendly practices from organisations including the United Nations,[63] RINA,[64] and the International Organization for Standardization,[64] becoming the second metro in the world, after the New York City Subway, to be ISO 14001 certified for environmentally friendly construction.[65] It is also the first railway project in the world to earn carbon credits after being registered with the United Nations under the Clean Development Mechanism,[66] and has so far earned more than 400,000 carbon credits by saving energy through the use of regenerative braking systems on its trains.[67] In order to reduce its dependence on non-renewable sources of energy, Delhi Metro Rail Corporation is looking forward to harness solar energy and install solar panels in some of its metro stations.[68]。
城市轨道交通英语词汇
城市轨道交通英语词汇地铁 metro/underground railway/subway城市轨道交通 urban rail transit/mass transit设计使用年限 designed lifetime运营概念 operation concept旅行速度 operation speed限界 gauge正线 main line辅助线 assistant line联络线 connecting line试车线 testing line轨道结构 track structure轨距 gauge of track.公交运营十七大热点词汇英译浅议各种提示语的恰当英译.无缝线路 seamless track整体道床 monolithic track-bed路基 subgrade站台计算长度 computed length of platform车站公共区public zone of station无缝线路纵向水平力 longitudinal horizontal force of seamless track无缝线路断轨力 broken rail force of seamless track名挖法 cut and cover盖挖顺筑法cover and cut-bottom up盖挖逆筑法cover and cut-top down矿山法 mining method盾构法 shield method沉管法 immersed tube method防水等级 grade of waterproof变形缝 deformation joint刚柔结合的密封区 rigid-flexible joint of sealed zone开式运行 open made operation闭式运行 close made operation活塞通风 piston action ventilation合流制排放combined sewer system集中式供电centralized power supply mode分散式供电distribute power supply mode混合式供电combined power supply mode主变电所 high voltage substation牵引降压混合变电所 combined substation杂散电流 stray current同步数字传输系统 synchronous digital hierarchy transmission system(SDH)全球定位系统 global position system(GPS)列车自动控制automatic train control(ATC)列车自动监控 automatic train supervision(ATS)列车自动防护automatic train protection(ATP)列车自动运行 automatic train operation(ATO)调度集中 centralized traffic control(CTC)自动人行道moving pavement自动售检票设备 automatic fare collection火灾自动报警系统 fire alarm system区域报警系统 local alarm system集中报警系统 remote alarm system环境与设备监控系统 building automatic system(BAS)系统集成system integration(SI)运营控制中心operation control center(OCC)集中监控和管理 concentration supervisory control and management车辆段 depot停车场 stabling yard检修修程 examine and repair program检修周期 examine and repair period建筑设备自动化系统 Building Automation System供电系统管理自动化 Scan Control Alarm Database人机接口 Man Machine Interface不间断电源供给 Uninterrupted Power Supply南京一卡通系统 NanJing Transportation Card System 建设部 Ministry of Corporation南京地铁公司 NanJing Metro Corporation清结算数据中心 Intermodality Data Center局域网 Local Area Network广域网 Wide Area Network开放传输网络 Open Transport Network拖车 Trailer Car(Tc(A))带受电弓的动车 Motor Car With Pantograph(Mp(B)) 动车 Motor Car(M(C))空载 AW0每位乘客都有座位 AW1每平方米6人 AW2每平方米9人 AW3非接触智能卡 Contactless Smart Card(CSC)非接触智能筹码 Contactless Smart Card(CST)设备运行参数 Equipment Operating Data(EOD)。
城市轨道英语口语
城市轨道英语口语今天我们来学习一些关于城市轨道交通的英语口语，这些表达可以帮助我们在日常生活中更流利地交流。
1. Subway 地铁A: How do you usually get to work?B: I take the subway. It's fast and convenient.2. Station 站台A: Excuse me, can you tell me where the nearest subway station is?B: Sure, it's just a few blocks down the street.3. Platform 站台A: What's the next train arrival time?B: The train will arrive in five minutes. Please wait on the platform.4. Train 列车A: Is this the right train to take to get to the museum? B: Yes, this is the train. It will take you directly there.5. Carriage 车厢A: Is this carriage crowded?B: No, it's not too bad. There are a few empty seats.6. Ticket 票A: How much is the subway ticket?B: It's two dollars for a single ride.7. Transfer 换乘A: Can I transfer to the other subway line at this station? B: Yes, you can. Just follow the signs to the other platform.8. Exit 出口A: Which exit should I take to get to the park?B: Take exit 2 and then turn left. The park is just a few minutes away.以上这些表达可以让我们更好地理解和使用城市轨道交通的英语口语，希望对大家有所帮助。
地铁相关英语单词
地铁相关英语单词English:When discussing the topic of subways or underground transportation, it's essential to familiarize oneself with the relevant English vocabulary. Here are some key terms to know:1. Subway: A system of underground trains in a city, also known as the underground or metro in some places.2. Platform: The area in a station where passengers get on and off trains.3. Train: A connected series of railcars or carriages moved by a locomotive or by integral motors.4. Ticket: A piece of paper or card that gives the holder the right to travel, especially on public transport.5. Turnstile: A gate consisting of a horizontal bar that turns around a vertical post, used to control the passage of people at entrances to subway stations.6. Ticket machine: A machine where passengers can purchase tickets for their journey.7. Schedule: A plan that gives expected times for different things to happen, such as when trains will arrive and depart.8. Announcement: A public statement or message made to passengers, often over the station's PA system, informing them about train arrivals, delays, or other important information.9. Transfer: The act of changing from one subway line or train to another within the same station.10. Emergency exit: An exit used for evacuating people quickly and safely in case of emergencies.中文翻译:在讨论地铁或地下交通的话题时，熟悉相关的英语词汇是很重要的。
地铁主题英语作文
地铁主题英语作文1. The subway is always crowded during rush hour, with people crammed together like sardines in a can. It's hot, stuffy, and uncomfortable, but we all just have to deal with it.2. The sound of the train rumbling down the tracks is like a constant background noise in the subway. It's loud and sometimes jarring, but after a while, you get used to it.3. The subway stations are like a maze, with people rushing around in all directions. You have to be quick on your feet to navigate through the crowds and make it to your train on time.4. The subway is a melting pot of different cultures and backgrounds. You can hear conversations in alldifferent languages, see people of all different races, and experience a sense of diversity that is unique to publictransportation.5. Sometimes, you'll encounter performers in the subway, playing music or doing acrobatics to entertain the crowds.It's a nice break from the monotony of the daily commuteand adds a bit of excitement to the journey.6. The subway can be a bit dirty and grimy at times,with trash littered on the tracks and graffiti covering the walls. But despite its flaws, it's a vital part of citylife and an essential mode of transportation for millionsof people every day.。
地铁的英文怎么说
地铁的英文怎么说地铁是现代很便利的一种交通工具，复杂的交错在城市的地底下，那么你知道地铁的英文怎么说吗?现在跟店铺一起学习关于地铁的英语知识吧。
地铁的英文读法metro英 [ˈmetrəʊ]美 [ˈmetroʊ]subway英 [ˈsʌbweɪ]美 [ˈsʌbˌwe]underground英 [ˈʌndəgraʊnd]美 [ˈʌndərgraʊnd]地铁相关同义词辨析underground, subway, tube这些名词均可表示"地铁"之意。
underground ：一般用词，指城市中的地铁，主要用于英国。
subway ：指城市中的地铁或通道，主要用于美国。
tube ：主要用于英国口语中。
地铁的例句1. The new Metro is designed to run on unleaded fuel.新的地铁系统设计为使用无铅燃料。
2. The metro is efficient and spotlessly clean.地铁非常快捷，而且一尘不染。
3. Can you reach the park by metro?你可以乘地铁到达那个公园吗 ?4. After failing a singing audition at the Metro-politan Opera, she turned to musical comedy.在大都会歌剧院的试唱失败后，她转而投身歌舞喜剧。
5. The Metro journey back to the centre of the town was hot and uncomfortable.乘地铁返回市中心又热又不舒服。
6. When travelling at bus or metro, please hold the handrail.坐公交或地铁时, 请抓紧扶手.7. B And there will be new metro lines and transport systems.而且到时将有新的地铁线路和新的交通系统开始运行.8. So far, Harbin Aijian Metro project trust problem has remained unsolved.至今, 爱建信托哈尔滨新城项目的问题仍未能解决.9. The northern extension of Metro Line 3 began operating last Monday.轨道交通3号线的北延伸段已于本周一投入营运.10. Wheel wear is a concern on most metro systems.对大部分地铁系统来说车轮磨损事关重大.11. A And there will be new metro and transport systems.还将有新的地铁和交通系统.12. The full project about measuring the stability of metro bogie was presented.给出了测试地铁转向架平稳度的完整方案.13. But what really sets Metro Bank apart is its state - of the - art It'system.但是能让首都银行分开的是其最顶尖的信息技术系统.14. Johnny : You really wanna help me in the Metro Organization?你真的想插手帮忙地下组织?15. Its advertisement was all over in the Metro carriage.因为满地铁的车厢里都是它的广告.地铁的英语句子带翻译1. Solid low-level waste will be disposed of deep underground.放射性水平低的固体废料将做地下深埋处理。
地铁作文英语
The subway,also known as the underground or metro,is a crucial part of urban transportation in many major cities around the world.It offers a fast,efficient,and often environmentally friendly way to navigate through congested city centers.Heres a comprehensive essay on the topic of subways,highlighting their various aspects:Introduction to SubwaysSubways are rapid transit systems that operate mostly underground,providing a convenient mode of transportation for millions of people daily.They are characterized by their high frequency of service,which allows for quick and punctual travel within a city.History of SubwaysThe first subway system was the London Underground,which began operations in1863. Since then,many other cities have developed their own underground rail networks.The New York City Subway,for instance,is one of the largest and most extensive in the world,with its first line opening in1904.Benefits of Subways1.Efficiency:Subways can transport a large number of passengers quickly and efficiently, reducing traffic congestion on city streets.2.Reliability:Being underground,subways are less affected by weather conditions, making them a reliable mode of transportation.3.Economical:Compared to other forms of public transport,subways can be more costeffective for both the operators and the passengers.4.Environmental Impact:Subways produce fewer emissions than cars,contributing to a reduction in air pollution.Challenges Faced by Subways1.Cost of Construction:Building a subway system is a significant financial undertaking, often requiring substantial public investment.2.Maintenance:Subways require regular maintenance to ensure safety and efficiency, which can be costly.3.Crowding:During peak hours,subways can become extremely crowded,leading to a less comfortable travel experience.4.Safety Concerns:Subways need to be secure to prevent accidents and ensure passenger safety.Subway Systems Around the WorldTokyo:Known for its punctuality and cleanliness,Tokyos subway system is a model of efficiency.Paris:The Paris Métro is famous for its art nouveau entrances and extensive coverage of the city.Moscow:The Moscow Metro is renowned for its opulent stations,often referred to as the Peoples Palaces.Future of SubwaysWith urban populations growing,the demand for efficient public transportation is increasing.Subways are expected to continue expanding and integrating with other forms of transport,such as buses and trams,to create comprehensive transportation networks. ConclusionSubways play a vital role in the daily lives of city dwellers,offering a quick and practical way to move around.Despite the challenges they face,subways remain an essential part of urban infrastructure,and their development is likely to continue as cities seek to improve mobility and reduce environmental impact.Personal Experience with SubwaysAs a commuter,I have personally experienced the benefits and drawbacks of using subways.The speed and convenience of the subway have saved me time,but I have also witnessed the challenges of overcrowding during rush hours.Despite these issues,I appreciate the role subways play in connecting people and places within the city.。
~地铁英语
地铁里的各种英文标识本站首末车时间First/Last Train from This Station首车First Train末车Last Train下一站Next Station您在此You Are Here站长室Station MasterXXX站示意图Map of XXX StationXXX站地面示意图Map of XXX AreaXX地铁线路图XX Subway Map检票处Ticket Check(地铁)售票处Ticket Office/TicketsIC卡售卡充值IC Card Vending and RechargingIC卡售卡充值请走A口或B口Exit A or B for IC Cards请您当面点清票款Please Check Your Change and Ticket请您保管好小磁票，出站验票收回Please Keep Your Magnetic Ticket for Exit售卡充值机故障，请您去临站办理Machine out of order. Please go to the nearest station to buy or recharge IC cards.在此刷卡Swipe Your Card Here刷卡设备故障、请您使用其它设备Machine out of order. Please use other ones.列车运行时间Train Schedule地铁运力不足，有急事者请选择其它交通工具Subway capacity insufficient. Please use other vehicles for rush.车站值班室Duty Office升降车严禁攀登，平台下严禁站人Don't climb on the lift truck. Stand clear of the platform.机房重地，乘客止步Machine Room. No Admittance.请您尽量往前站Please Move Forward专业设备，请勿动Special Equipment. Don't Touch.残疾人牵引车(升降平台) Wheelchair Lift此口临时停止进站Temporarily Closed请到检票处换硬币Coin Change at Ticket Check硬币兑换处Coin Change自动售票机Automatic Ticket Machine/Ticket Vending Machine补票处Fare AdjustmentIC卡查询业务IC Card Inquiry ServiceIC卡查询机IC Card Analyzer换票处Ticket Changing自动查询机Automatic Analyzer自动充值机Refilling Machine/Recharging Machine自动报纸机Newspaper-Vending Machine站台Platform始发站Departure Station终点站Terminus公交换乘Public Transport Transfer出租车换乘Taxi Transfer火车换乘Train Transfer机场换乘Flight Transit暂停运营Temporarily Closed沙桶Sand Bucket防爆桶Explosion-Proof Tank设施服务时间Service Hours乘客乘梯须知Instructions on Escalator Use列车运行间隔Train Interval请顺序出站Please Exit in Order非常紧急手柄Emergency Door Handle逆时针方向扳动手柄90度Turn Handle Counterclockwise 90 Degrees手动开门Open Door by Hand通道禁止停留Don't Block Access本车今日已消毒Train Disinfected为了行车安全，请勿打扰司机Don't Distract the Driver车内发生紧急情况时，请按按钮报警Press Button in Emergency按下红色按钮，绿灯亮时对准话筒报警Press red button, wait for green light and speak into the microphone.通话话筒报警Speak Microphone Alarm仅供紧急情况下使用Emergency Use Only列车行驶方向This train is bound for XXX票务服务Tickets西北口North-West Exit东北口North-East Exit东南口South-East Exit西南口South-West Exit车站服务设施位置图Map of Station Service Facilities公交换乘信息Bus Transfer Information综合信息Information地铁列车时刻表Schedule/Timetable欢迎光临，请选择画面上的按钮! Please Select the Button/Welcome! Please Select the Button on Screen请投入现金，然后按下确认按钮! Please Insert Cash and Push Button请插入充值卡! Please Insert Your Card/Please Insert Your Rechargeable Card站员操作中，请稍候! Please Wait!/Being processed, please wait.该卡不能用，请到窗口处理! This card is not valid. Please see staff for assistance./The ticket is not valid. Please go to ticket office for help.请您充值Please Adjust Fare/Please Recharge the value of Your Card对不起，此票不能使用Sorry, this ticket has expired./Sorry, the ticket is not valid.请您购票Please Buy a Ticket请您再刷一次卡Please Swipe Your Card Again不要同时使用多张卡Please don't use more than one card at the same time.请您刷卡Please Swipe Your Card请使用其它通道Please Use Another Gate请插入卡Please Insert Your Ticket请确认您的卡Please Check Your Ticket请您通知工作人员Please See Staff for Assistance请到售票处处理Please Go to the Ticket Office for Help余额不足Sorry, your ticket has not enough value.暂停服务，请稍候Out of Service. Please Wait.车票无效，请使用有效车票The ticket is not valid. Please use a valid ticket.请查看基准票价Please Check Basic Ticket Fare请查看销售策略Please Check Sales Policy请查看计次票价Please Check Multi-Ride Fare请查看超时扣款Please Check Overtime Fee请选择要查询的线路Please Select Line/Please Select Line Button请选择起始站Please Select Departure Station请选择终点站Please Select Terminus关于地铁的英语表达国外地铁的计价方式不尽相同。
有关地铁的高中英语作文
有关地铁的高中英语作文The subway, also known as the metro or underground, is a rapid transit system that is used to transport people from one place to another. It is an essential part of many modern cities, providing a fast, efficient, and reliable means of transportation for commuters and travelers alike.One of the main advantages of the subway is its speed. Unlike buses or cars, which can be slowed down by traffic or other obstacles, the subway runs on dedicated tracksthat are separate from other modes of transportation. This means that it can travel at high speeds, making it an ideal choice for people who need to get to their destination quickly.Another advantage of the subway is its efficiency. Because it runs on a fixed schedule and has designated stops, it is able to move large numbers of people quickly and smoothly. This is especially important in crowdedcities where traffic congestion can be a major problem.In addition to its speed and efficiency, the subway is also very safe. It is designed to be completely enclosed, with no open windows or doors that could allow passengers to fall out. Additionally, it is equipped with safety features such as emergency brakes and fire suppression systems, which help to ensure the safety of passengers in the event of an emergency.Despite its many advantages, the subway is not without its drawbacks. One of the main challenges of the subway is its cost. Building and maintaining a subway system can be very expensive, and this cost is often passed on to riders in the form of high fares. Additionally, the subway can be crowded and uncomfortable, especially during rush hour when many people are trying to use it at the same time.Overall, however, the subway is a vital part of modern urban life. It provides a fast, efficient, and safe means of transportation that is essential for commuters, travelers, and city dwellers alike. With its many benefits and few drawbacks, the subway is sure to remain acornerstone of transportation infrastructure for years to come.。
地铁英语单词分类汇总
地铁英语单词分类汇总地铁作为一种方便快捷的交通工具，现在已经遍布全球各个大城市。
为了更好地应对国际化的交流需求，了解一些与地铁相关的英语单词显得尤为重要。
本文将对地铁英语单词进行分类汇总，以帮助读者更好地掌握这些词汇。
1. 基础词汇这些词汇是与地铁基本操作和结构相关的，掌握这些词汇对于乘坐地铁非常重要。
- Subway/metro 地铁- Station 站台/车站- Train 列车- Platform 站台- Ticket 票/车票- Fare 票价- Entrance 入口- Exit 出口- Line 线路- Transfer 转乘- Schedule 时间表2. 位置和方向当我们乘坐地铁时，需要了解自己的位置和方向，下面是一些与此相关的单词。
- North 北- South 南- East 东- West 西- Up 上行- Down 下行- Left 左- Right 右- Next 下一个- Last 最后一个- Platform number 站台号码3. 车厢和座位在地铁上，车厢和座位是我们需要了解的另一个方面。
- Carriage 车厢- Seat 座位- Window 窗户- Aisle 过道- Priority seat 优先座位- Standing area 站立区域- Handrail 扶手4. 时间和频率- Rush hour 高峰时间- Off-peak 非高峰时段- Timetable 时间表- Departure time 出发时间- Arrival time 到达时间- Delayed 延误- On time 准点- Frequency 频率- Service 服务5. 乘客行为以下是一些描述乘客行为和交通规则的词汇。
- Queue 排队- Stand clear of the doors 远离车门- Mind the gap 注意缝隙- Keep left/right 靠左/右- Allow passengers to alight 允许乘客下车- No smoking 禁止吸烟- No eating or drinking 禁止吃喝- No littering 禁止乱扔垃圾- Keep noise levels down 保持安静6. 地铁设施在地铁内部，会有一些设施供乘客使用。
常用地铁表达语
常用地铁表达语：Let's go to the World Expo Garden on a subway.咱们乘地铁去世博园吧。
You can get almost anywhere rather quickly on a subway. 你可以坐地铁迅速到达任何地方。
Look, there're two empty seats over there.看，那边有两个空位子。
At which platform is our train?我们坐的那趟车停在哪个站台？Can we go direct or do we have to change?我们能直达还是必须转车？Could you tell me how to go to the platform?你能告诉我去站台怎么走吗？Does the train stop at South Xizang Road?请问列车在西藏南路站停吗？How frequent is this subway service?这班地铁多长时间来一次？Which line do I take for the Art Gallery?去美术馆乘哪条地铁？Is this the right subway to go to the People's Square?这是去人民广场的地铁吗？Do I have to pay an additional fare to change trains?换乘地铁还要付费吗？Where do we pay the fare?我们在哪儿付车费？Is it the right station to change?是在这一站换乘吗？Where do I change to the Second Line?请问我在哪儿换乘地铁二号线？A train will be in directly.列车马上进站。
Here comes the train.车来了。
中国地铁英文介绍
中国地铁英文介绍China Metro: Connecting the NationChina, a vast country with a rich history, diverse culture, and rapid development, boasts an extensive and efficient metro system that serves as the backbone of urban transportation. With the objective of providing convenient, fast, and reliable transportation for millions of commuters, the China Metro has transformed the way people travel and has become an integral part of the country's urban infrastructure.The China Metro system is one of the largest and most extensive in the world, with over 40 cities across the country having their own metro networks. The first metro line in China was established in Beijing in 1969, and since then, the system has expanded rapidly, both in terms of the number of cities and the length of the network. Today, the China Metro covers a total length of over 6,000 kilometers, connecting cities, suburbs, and even neighboring provinces.The China Metro is renowned for its efficiency and punctuality, with trains operating on strict schedules and intervals. The system has multiple lines, each color-coded and numbered, making it easy for passengers to navigate and transfer between different lines. Stations are equipped with modern facilities, including escalators, elevators, and digital information boards, ensuring a comfortable and convenient travel experience for all.In addition to its functional benefits, the China Metro also showcases the country's architectural and artistic prowess. Many metro stations are designed with unique and eye-catching aesthetics, featuring elements of traditional Chinese culture, contemporary designs, or even international collaborations. The stunning architecture, combined with the functionality of the metro system, creates a harmonious blend of practicality and beauty, making the China Metro a visual delight for both locals and tourists.The China Metro has not only transformed the way people travel but has also had a significant impact on the economic and social development of the country. By providing efficient and affordable transportation, the metro system has stimulated urbanization andfacilitated the growth of business and commerce. It has also reduced traffic congestion and air pollution, contributing to a cleaner and more sustainable urban environment.Furthermore, the China Metro has played a crucial role in improving accessibility and inclusivity. Stations and trains are designed to accommodate passengers with disabilities, with features such as wheelchair ramps, Braille signage, and audio announcements. This commitment to accessibility ensures that everyone, regardless of their physical abilities, can enjoy the benefits of the metro system.The China Metro is not just a means of transportation; it is a symbol of China's ambition, progress, and innovation. It represents the country's determination to provide its citizens with a modern and efficient transportation system that matches its global stature. With continuous expansion and improvement, the China Metro is set to further revolutionize urban transportation and contribute to the sustainable development of cities across the country.In conclusion, the China Metro is a testament to the country's dedication to providing convenient and efficient transportation for its citizens. With its extensive network, punctuality, and architectural beauty, the China Metro has become an iconic feature of urban life in China. As the system continues to expand and evolve, it will undoubtedly play a crucial role in shaping the future of transportation in the country, connecting people, communities, and cultures.。
地铁翻译成英文
地铁翻译成英文SubwaySubway, also known as metro or underground, is a type of rapid transit system that primarily operates underground in urban areas. It is a popular means of transportation in many cities around the world due to its efficiency and convenience.The concept of a subway system dates back to the early 19th century when the first underground railway was constructed in London, England. Since then, subways have become a common feature in many urban landscapes.The construction of a subway system involves digging tunnels underground to create a network of tracks on which trains can run. The trains are powered by electricity and are usually made up of multiple carriages that can carry a large number of passengers.Subways are known for their punctuality and frequency. In most cities, trains run on a fixed schedule, with intervals as short as a few minutes during peak hours. This ensures that commuters can rely on the subway to get to their destinations on time.The benefits of using the subway are numerous. Firstly, it is a fast and efficient mode of transportation. As subways operate on separate tracks underground, they are not affected by traffic congestion on the roads. This allows passengers to reach their destinations quickly, especially during rush hours when roads can be heavily congested.Subways also provide a comfortable and safe environment for passengers. The trains are air-conditioned and provide seating for passengers. There are also designated areas for standing passengers. The stations are well-lit and equipped with security measures, ensuring the safety of passengers.Moreover, subways are often designed to be accessible to people with disabilities. Stations are equipped with elevators and ramps to facilitate the movement of wheelchair users. The platforms are also equipped with tactile paving to assist visually impaired individuals.In addition to transportation, subways often serve as landmarks and tourist attractions in cities. Some subway stations are known for their unique architectural designs or historical significance. Tourists may visit these stations to appreciate their beauty and learn about their cultural significance.In conclusion, subways play a crucial role in urban transportation systems. They provide a fast, efficient, and convenient option for commuting in cities. With their punctuality, comfort, and safety, subways have become an essential part of many people's daily lives.。
地铁英语作文
地铁英语作文The subway, also known as the metro or underground, is acrucial part of urban transportation systems in many cities around the world. It is a fast, efficient, andenvironmentally friendly way to travel within a city,offering a convenient alternative to driving or taking a taxi.The Advantages of Subways1. Speed and Punctuality: Subways are known for their speed and punctuality. Unlike buses or cars, they are not affectedby traffic congestion, which means you can predict yourtravel time with a high degree of accuracy.2. Cost-Effective: Traveling by subway is generally cheaper than other forms of public transportation. It is a cost-effective way for both tourists and residents to get aroundthe city.3. Accessibility: Subway stations are strategically placed throughout the city, making it easy to access major landmarks, business districts, and residential areas.4. Eco-Friendly: Subways are a greener option compared to cars. They reduce the number of vehicles on the road, thus decreasing air pollution and carbon emissions.5. Safety: Subways are considered one of the safest forms ofpublic transportation. They have strict safety protocols and are monitored by security personnel.The Subway ExperienceTaking a subway ride can be an adventure in itself. The stations are often bustling with activity, filled with people from all walks of life. It's a great way to observe thecity's culture and lifestyle. Subways also offer a glimpseinto the city's history, with some stations boastingbeautiful architecture and art.Navigating the Subway SystemFor newcomers, navigating the subway system can be a bit daunting at first. However, most subway systems have clear signage and maps to guide passengers. It's also helpful to familiarize yourself with the subway map before you startyour journey to ensure a smooth trip.Challenges of Subway TravelDespite its many benefits, subway travel also comes with its challenges. During peak hours, subway cars can be extremely crowded, making for a less comfortable ride. Additionally, delays and maintenance work can sometimes disrupt the service.ConclusionIn conclusion, the subway is an integral part of city life, providing a reliable and efficient means of transportation.It is a testament to human ingenuity and the desire to create a more connected and accessible urban environment. As cities continue to grow, the importance of well-maintained and expanded subway systems will only increase.。
表示地铁的英文单词有哪些
表示地铁的英文单词有哪些表示地铁的英文单词有哪些我们都会用中文来表示地铁，但是不一定会知道地铁的所有英文单词。
下面就让店铺给大家分享表示地铁的几个英文单词相关知识吧，希望能对你有帮助!表示地铁的英文单词有哪些1英 [ndgrand] 美 [ndrgrand]形容词地下的; 秘密的; 先锋派的; 隐蔽的副词在地下; 秘密地，偷偷地名词地下; 地铁; 地下组织或活动; 地道1. For laying indoors, in tunnels, in ducts and underground. Able to bear external mechanical force.敷设在室内、隧道内、管道及埋地敷设，电缆能承受机械外力作用。
2. The results of simulation verified the strain and the slip of the fault in the faultrelated fold. This model can describe the underground features of Dachigan structure and is favorable to analyze the structure pattern and structure evolution in this region.利用模拟结果对该地区断层相关褶皱体系的应变和断层滑动量的检验表明，该模型能够准确地反映大池干构造的地下特征，最大限度地解释已知地质信息，有助于对该地区的构造模式和构造演化进行深入研究。
3. The cleaners` new wage rates are no more now than cleaners on the Underground earned before privatisation.清洁工人'新工资率，没有比现在更多的清洁工人对地下之前所赚取的私有化。
地铁的英文单词
地铁的英文单词地铁是铁路运输的一种形式指在地下运行为主的城市轨道交通系统，即“地下铁道”或“地下铁”(Subway，tube，underground)的简称;那么，你知道地铁的英语怎么说吗?地铁的英文释义：metrosubwayundergroundtube (array)the undergroundunderground railway地铁的英文例句：他排队买了一张20便士的地铁车票。
He queued up to by his subway ticket of20 penny.我经常乘地铁去上班。
I go to work on the tube.几乎所有快速发展的城市的管理者们都认为他们需要有地铁或类似地铁的设施，如果建造地铁，或许2060年才能完工，而建造快速公交系统的话，20XX年就可以使用了。
1/ 5And bus rapid transit systems can be built more quickly.地铁的英文单词大部分地铁车站都张贴有地铁路线图，以方便乘客。
Maps showing subway routes are posted at most stations for your convenience.尤其对于深埋地铁车站，如何控制车站列车火灾是地铁设计过程中必需解决的科学问题之一。
How to control train fire is one of the important problems which must be resolved.有一些甚至知道怎样搭地铁。
Some dogs even know how to take the metro.昨天早晨我在在地铁丢的。
I lost it on the underground yesterday morning.虽然修建地铁的Though progress on the subway has not actually stopped.地铁开动时要牢牢拉住皮环。
搭公交、地铁时有哪些必须要懂的英语表达？
搭公交、地铁时有哪些必须要懂的英语表达？作者|caroleen77⼀、⼀说到“地铁”的英⽂单词⼤家是不是脑海⾥会蹦出来好多个不同的地铁呀？下⾯带你了解⼀下~1、subway其实我们的英语⼝语中好像⽤的最多的⼀个，其实也是美国⽤的⽐较多的原因（美⾳还是⽐较popular的）；不过在英式英语中有另外的意思是“过街地下通道”的意思；2、Tube英国地铁,主要也是指伦敦地铁；不过tube本意还有“管；电⼦管；隧道；电视机”的意思。
3、metro往往指伦敦地铁，Metro，原特指巴黎地铁 Métropolitain，后来⼴泛流传到欧洲各地，该词也因⽽从法语进⼊英语，故在英语⾥指地铁的时候，所以还是偏英式哦~4、underground⼀般就是特指英国地铁，其他国家和城市的地铁⽤的⽐较少了，其实并不特别常⽤的，要在其他地⽅说的话最好说全了 Underground Railway。
⼆、有关公交、地铁的英⽂表达——⼀般是你听到的1. The train to ...is arriving. Please let passengers exit first. Next station:____,doors will open on the left/right . Please mind the gap between the train and the platform.开往…的列车即将到站，请先下后上，下⼀站：____, 左/右侧的将会车门打开，请⼩⼼列车与站台之间的空隙。
2. Welcome aboard Bus No. 958.欢迎乘坐958巴⼠3. Please let these passengers get off the bus first.请先下后上4.Please stand in line.请排队5. Please retain your ticket for inspection.请保留车票待检6. The bus is turning, please hold to the rings.车辆转弯，请抓好扶⼿。
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1.The train to ⋯.is arriving, please let passengers exit first. Next station: ____,doors will open on the left/rightPlease mind the gap between the train and the platform.开往⋯.的列即将到站，先下后上，下一站：____左 / 右的将会打开，小心列与站台之的空隙。
2. Get on/off the bus in an orderly fashion . 有序上下。
3.Please stand in line . Let passengers get off first. 排候，先下后上。
4.Please be careful. 注意安全。
5.Please hold fast and sit securely. 做好扶。
6.Please take care of your belongings. 保管好您的行李物品。
7. Do not exit or board when doors are closing当正在关，勿上/ 下8.Please stand by at the door. 勿靠近。
9.Please hold the handrail （to balance ）抓扶手（站）10.The last train this evening will be the service to ⋯今晚最后一列火是到⋯⋯11.We're now at ______, you may interchange to Line 2 or Line 8. 人民广到了，您可乘 2 号或 8号12.We're now at _________. Please get ready to alight from the left 到了，下的乘客提前做好准，从左下。
13.Please remember to take all (your luggage) / (your belongings) with you. 您的行李准下。
14.Mind your step when the door is opened 开当心。
15.Please move to the middle of the bus. 往中走。
16.Don’tstand at the door. 不要在停留。
17.At which platform is our train 我坐的那趟停在哪个站台18.Can we go direct or do we have to change我能直达是必19.Could you tell me how to go to the platform你能告我去站台怎么走20.Does the train stop at South Xizang Road列在西藏南路站停21.How frequent is this subway service 班地多来一次22.Which line do I take for the Art Gallery去美乘哪条地23.Do I have to pay an additional fare to change trains 乘地要付24.Where do we pay the fare 我在哪儿付25.Is it the right station to change 是在一站乘26.Where do I change to the Second Line我在哪儿乘地二号27.Here comes the train. 来了。
28.The first train pulls in there at 5:00 a.m.首班列早上 5 点站。
29.Be careful! Subway doors open and close automatically. 当心！地是自开关的。
30.Look, there're two empty seats over there. 看，那有两个空位子。
31.Is there any subway nearby 附近有地32.I can t ’find the subway entrance. 我找不到地入口。
33.It's two blocks away from the subway station. 到地站有两个街区。
34.How long will it take by subway 坐地要花多35.Sir， is this the right subway to central park 先生，是去往中央公园的地36.You are in the opposite direction. 你坐反了。
37.Let ’ s stand on thebetter position to get on the train. 咱得占个有利的位置以便上。
38.How do I change 我怎呢39.We transfer the line one there. 我就在那成一号。
40.Which is the transfer station 那个站是乘站41.How many stops are there to xidan station到西有几站？42.Which exit is for the library 去走哪个出口43.Is this the transfer station for the loop line是去地的乘站？44.Taking a subwayW:Dan, hurry, the train is coming.M: Don’ t rush,behave yourself please. Let the people get off first.W:Ah, there are so many if the train gets full before we could get in？M: But if we all push that way in, nobody could get off and nobody could get in either.W:The next station is many stops are there to xidan station ？M:There are four more stops.W:Oh my God!M:What ’ s wrong,you are like a little monkey on needles. 像个小猴子似的如坐针毡。
W:I need to use the restroom, is there a restroom on the train？M:No, not on the train, but in the station.W:Oh, I'm praying the subway will get there as fast as possible .You can see:(你能看到的 )严禁携带易燃易爆物品进站上车Bringing combustibles and exploders into the station and on board is strictly prohibited.为了你的安全，请按扶梯For your safety, please hold the handle.地铁让你生活更便捷Metro offers easy tour for you.请留意您需要换乘线路的首末班车时间，以免耽误您的出行Please pay close attention to the interchange schedule, if you want to transfer to other line末班车进站前三分钟停止售票Stop selling ticket at three minutes before the last train arrives持公交卡的乘客可在三个换乘站出站后30 分钟内进入邻线换乘Public transportation card holder is changed by one journey when change in Yishan Road(Line 3,4 and 9) ，Shanghai Railway Staion(Line1,3 and 4) and Hongkou Football Stadium(Line 3 and 8) within 30 minutes厕所在上层There is a toilet on the upper level.这里不能用 upstairs,因为 upstairs 指的是当你在平地的时候，说的上层。
地铁是在地下 ,用 above level 或 upper level 更合适。
到西直门换乘13 号线地铁Go to the Xizhimen Station to Switch to Railway(因为这句话的最终目的是“去乘13号地铁”所以要先说“到西直门”然后在说原因“去乘13号地铁”）坐右边的地铁到复兴门下车Take the train on the right side and get off at the Fuxingmen Station.请您站在黄色安全线后排队候车Please wait behind the yellow safety line while waiting for the train.乘客注意安全，往后站All passengers,please be careful and stay back.从站台中部上/ 下台阶 ,换乘 1/2号线地铁Please use the up/down stairs in the middle of the station to switch to Railway 2Certain stations are closed on public holidays. 假日某些车站关闭Help us to keep the tube litter free 请协助我们，保持地铁清洁卫生。
Luggage must not be put in the gateway 行李不准放到过道上。
Mind the gap 小心台阶间跨度Not valid on certain trains. 车票对某些列车无效Peak hours only 只限高峰时段Please keep gateways clear请保持过道畅通。