阿特斯阳光-赵长瑞-双相HSAT系统的光线跟踪精确阴影因子和失配损失分析

SHADING FACTOR & MISMATCH LOSS EVALUATION FOR BIFACIAL MODULE WITH VARIOUS RACKING TYPEChangrui ZHAO, Jianwei XIAO, Baohua HEYuanjie YU, Jean-Nicolas JAUBERTSystem Technology center13th PVPMC Workshop, Dec 9th 2019Modeling methodology introduction02Shading factor and mismatch loss evaluation 0304ConclusionBifacial technology overview 012017/5First commercial talks on bifacial module BiKu2018/4Trial productionFirst customerdelivery2018/82018/122019/1Canadian Solar driving the bifacial tide170MWp own bifacial projects completed (China)>300MWpbifacial module milestoneDelivering first 250MWpoverseas order2017/1220kW demo site installed inChangshu 2018/52019/11Bifacial moduleshipping >900MWp milestoneCanadian Solar Energy group: all new projects designed for bifacialMerging of 4 uniquetechnologiesCanadian Solar bifacial modules – BiKu/BiHiKu advantagesWorldwide 1st manufacturer to offer double glass bifacial poly moduleBifacial cellDouble glassKu dual cellP4 PERC polyFrontRear144 cells, 992x2022 mm360 ~ 370 W 144 cells, 1048x2132 mm400 ~ 410 W 166’ cellsBiKuBiHiKuCanadian Solar bifacial testing sites – Bifacial gainsChangshu 24kW BiKu, SAT 1P Albedo ~0.25Diffuse ratio~58%8.9%12 monthsSANDIA 11kW BiKu, SAT 1P Albedo ~0.25.2%3 monthsWuhai 150kW BiKu, SAT 1P Albedo ~0.28Diffuse ratio ~54%6.2%10 months4.0%11 months7.7%4 monthsMojave Desert22kW BiKu, SAT 1P Albedo ~0.3Diffuse ratio ~30% U.S.ChinaBITEC 18kW BiKu, SAT 2P Albedo ~0.2 /0.66.4 - 15.6%7 monthsWuhai 150kW BiKu, Fixed Albedo ~0.27Diffuse ratio~54%Changshu 12kW BiKu, SAT 1P Albedo ~0.5516.9%6 monthsSuzhou 80kW BiKu/BiHiKu, Fixed Albedo ~0.6-0.7/0.25Diffuse ratio ~58%Darlington ~2MW BiHiKu, SAT 1P Albedo ~0.3Planning constructionCompleted On-goingCFV 14kW BiHiKu, SAT1PAlbedo ~0.285.3%3 monthsBoulder 80kW BiKu, SAT 1P Albedo ~0.37.1%7 months9-12%BiKu-3 monthAustraliaWuhai 2.8MW BiKu, Fixed Albedo ~0.27Diffuse ratio~54%5.3%BiHiKu-3 month6.9%10 monthsModeling methodology introduction02Shading factor and mismatch loss evaluation 0304ConclusionBifacial technology overview 01Modeling methodology introduction – OverviewPVmismatc h ToolBackwards Ray tracingMismatch loss @time tArray IV curve (t)Irradiance profile (t)Methodology pro:•Gives irradiance inhomogeneity in 3D, racking system detailed features shading effect are taken Annual Energy lossWith Torque tubeAnnual Shading factorPVsyst Shading factorPVsyst Mismatch loss factorElectrical MismatchLossPVmismatch tool: Open source codes available on GitHub, SunpowerModeling methodology introduction – Calculation flowDifferent system scenarios + 3D modelLocation - EPW weather fileTracking angle dataYearly mismatch loss calculationSimulated hourly front and rearirradiances with tube/pier/rail shadingSynthetic Irradiance = front irradiance +rear irradiance × bifaciality factorSystem IV curve for each time stamp → Maximum Power Point (MPP) Cell front I-V STC production data→ Random samplingSimulated hourly front and rearirradiances without tube/pier/rail shadingYearly shading factor calculationDIVA-for-RhinoModeling methodology introduction – Modeling target surface selection Representative row/module/cells are selected for modeling to reduce modeling time.Modeling methodology introduction – Data process method selectionMethod B is a time-saving way to provide accurate results0.0%2.0%4.0%6.0%8.0%10.0%12.0%14.0%020040060080010001200S h a d i n g F a c t o rGHI (W/m2)Hourly shading factor comparisonMethod AMethod BLocationSystemAlbedoItemMethod A (365 days )Method B (36 days )Golmud, CNHSAT, One Portrait0.6Shading Factor 7.0%7.1%Mismatch Loss0.60%0.61%-60-50-40-30-20-100020040060080010001200M i s m a t c h P o w e r L o s s (W )GHI (w/m2)Hourly mismatch loss comparisonMethod A Methed BModeling methodology introduction02Shading factor and mismatch loss evaluation 0304ConclusionBifacial technology overview 01Shading factor and mismatch loss calculation- Various system racking01020403System Racking TypeFixed rackingFixed racking-2 Portrait (2P)Fixed racking-3 Landscape (3L)HSAT-2 Portrait (2P)HSAT-1 Portrait (1P)HSAT 1P: Tube-Module distance impact on shading factor and mismatch lossShading factor varies from 5.6% to 7.8%, mismatch loss is from 0.24% to 0.94% during albedo range 0.2~0.6.Mismatch loss is more sensitive to tube-module distance than shading factor with Albedo increaseModuleHeight 1.5mDistance 50mmGroundTorque TubePost5.6%7.4%7.8%0.0%2.0%4.0%6.0%8.0%10.0%S h a d i n g F a c t o r (Y e a r l y )AlbedoShading Factor Under Different Albedo0.20.40.60.24%0.50%0.94%0.0%0.2%0.4%0.6%0.8%1.0%M i s m a t c h L o s s (Y e a r l y )Mismatch Loss Under Different AlbedoHSAT 1P: Array height impact on shading factor and mismatch lossThe height 2m has similar trend and result with height 1.5m, can increase module backside irradiation, but has no obvious contribution to improvement of module backside irradiance uniformity.5.6%7.4%7.8%6.5%7.8%8.1%0.0%2.0%4.0%6.0%8.0%10.0%S h a d i n g F a c t o r (Y e a r l y )Albedo Shading Factor Under Different AlbedoH 1.5m H 2.0m0.20.40.60.24%0.50%0.94%0.23%0.47%0.93%0.0%0.2%0.4%0.6%0.8%1.0%M i s m a t c h L o s s (Y e a r l y )Mismatch Loss Under Different AlbedoH 1.5m H 2.0mDistance 50mmModuleHeight 2mGroundTorque TubePos tDistance 50mmHeight 1.5mModuleHSAT2P: Tube-Module distance and purlin length impactTraditional U shape connection Recommended I shape connectionConnection topologyRow 1Row 2Row 1 & Row 2Distance 100mmSystem configurationHeight2.35mTorque TubeModule 1Module 2GroundPostDistance 50mmPurlin length 2.5mPurlin length 3.5mGap150mmDistance 100mm without purlinShading factor is not sensitive to tube-module distance under Albedo≥0.4 condition.Mismatch loss is almost same under different tube-module distance and Albedo.Distance 50mm with purlinDistance 100mm with purlinHSAT 2P: Tube-Module distance impact on shading factor and mismatch loss Rear side irradiance distributionT u b eT u b eT u b e7.1%6.9%7.3%5.7%6.9%7.6%0.0%2.0%4.0%6.0%8.0%10.0%S h a d i n g F a c t o r ( Y e a r l y )AlbedoShading Factor Under Different Albedo & DistanceDistance 50mm Distance 100mm0.20.40.60.18%0.19%0.20%0.22%0.22%0.23%0.00%0.10%0.20%0.30%M i s m a t c h L o s s (Y e a r )Mismatch Loss Under Different Albedo & DistanceDistance 50mm Distance 100mmShading factor will increase about 0.8% when purlin length change from 2.5m to 3.5m under differentAlbedo.Mismatch Loss is not sensitive to purlin length under different albedo condition.No PurlinPurlin length 2.5mPurlin length 3.5mHSAT 2P: Purlin length impact on shading factor and mismatch loss Rear side irradiance distributionT u b eT u b eT u b e4.9%6.1%6.8%5.7%6.9%7.6%0.0%2.0%4.0%6.0%8.0%S h a d i n g F a c t o r (Y e a r l y )AlbedoShading Factor Under Different Albedo & Purlin length Purlin length 2.5mPurlin length 3.5m0.20.40.60.22%0.21%0.23%0.22%0.22%0.23%0.20%0.21%0.22%0.23%0.24%0.25%M i s m a t c h L o s s (Y e a r l y )Mismatch Loss Under Different Albedo & Purlin lengthPurlin length 2.5m Purlin length 3.5mHSAT 1P Vs. 2P: Shading factor and mismatch loss resultShading factor: 2 portrait has smaller value than 1 portrait under Albedo range 0.2~0.6.Mismatch loss: 2 portrait has more and more advantage than 1 portrait with increased Albedo,1P Vs. 2PHeight 2.35mGap 100mmModule 1Torque TubeModule 2GroundHeight 1.5mGap 50mmGround Torque TubeModule5.6%7.4%7.8%4.9%6.1%6.8%0.0%2.0%4.0%6.0%8.0%10.0%S h a d i n g F a c t o r (Y e a r l y )Shading Factor Under Different Albedo1 Portrait2 Portrait0.24%0.50%0.94%0.22%0.21%0.23%0.0%0.2%0.4%0.6%0.8%1.0%M i s m a t c h L o s s (Y e a r l y )Mismatch Loss Under Different Albedo1 Portrait2 PortraitShading factor/Mismatch loss : height 0.5m has similar trend and result with 1.0m under different Albedo.Increased height can obviously boost backside irradiance.Rai lRear side irradiance distributionHeight 0.5m/Albedo 0.6Cell Row: Vertical 48 cells for the analysisHeight 1.0m/Albedo 0.6BottomTopTopBottom17.8%18.6%20.0%17.9%19.4%20.2%10.0%15.0%20.0%25.0%S h a d i n g F a c t o r (Y e a r l y )Shading Factor Under Different Albedo & HeightHeight 0.5mHeight 1.0m0.14%0.16%0.17%0.16%0.16%0.16%0.0%0.1%0.2%0.3%M i s m a t c h L o s s (Y e a r l y )Mismatch Loss Under Different Albedo & HeightHeight 0.5m Height 1.0mShading factor /Mismatch loss : height 0.5m has higher value than 1.0m under different Albedo.Increased height can obviously increase backside irradiance.RailDownRear side irradiance distributionHeight 0.5m/Albedo 0.6Cell Row: Vertical 18 cells for the analysisHeight 1.0m/Albedo 0.6Top TopDown10.4%10.3%10.4%9.3%9.6%8.6%0.0%5.0%10.0%15.0%S h a d i n g F a c t o r (Y e a r l y )Shading Factor Under Different Albedo & HeightHeight 0.5m Height 1.0m0.26%0.32%0.47%0.18%0.20%0.21%0.0%0.1%0.2%0.3%0.4%0.5%M i s m a t c h L o s s (Y e a r l y )Mismatch Loss Under Different Albedo & HeightHeight 0.5m Height 1.0m0.20.40.6HeightModeling methodology introduction02Shading factor and mismatch loss evaluation 0304ConclusionBifacial technology overview 01Conclusions and Next stepConclusionsNext step •Effect of cell/module temperature will be considered into mismatch loss calculation.5.6% 4.9%17.8%8.6%8.1%7.6%20.2%10.4%0.0%5.0%10.0%15.0%20.0%25.0%S h a d i n g f a c t o r (Y e a r l y )Shading factor range (Albedo: 0.2~0.6)HSAT 1PHSAT 2PFixed 2PFixed 3L0.23%0.18%0.14%0.18%0.94%0.23%0.17%0.47%0.0%0.2%0.4%0.6%0.8%1.0%M i s m a t c h l o s s (Y e a r l y )Mismatch loss range (Albedo: 0.2~0.6)HSAT 1PHSAT 2PFixed 2PFixed 3L•HSAT 1 portrait: shading factor and mismatch loss is not sensitive to array height, mismatch loss is sensitive to Albedo.•HSAT 2 portrait: backside irradiance is still affected by torque tube, purlin, post, so shading factor can not be 0%, has more advantage than 1 portrait under Albedo≥0.4 condition.•Fixed racking: shading factor is much higher than HSAT system.INNOVATIONS MAKE THE DIFFERENCE2019/12Back-up slidesVarious simulation tool comparison: NREL VF Vs. NREL Raytracing Vs. CSI RaytracingNREL Raytracing and CSI Raytracing tool have almost same result for backside irradiance and mismatch loss that are lower than NREL VF result.0.28%0.24%0.23%0.00%0.10%0.20%0.30%M i s m a t c h l o s sMismatch loss comparison based on different toolNREL View Factor NREL RaytracingCSI RaytracingSimulation input:System: HSATWeather data: EPW/One day July 20th 05001000150020002500123456789101112131415161718192021222324B a c k s i d e I r r a d i a n c e (W h /m 2)RowNREL VF & NREL Raytracing & CSI RaytracingNREL VF_ToolNREL Raytracing_Tool CSI Raytracing_ToolEffect of Torque-Tube Parameters on Rear-Irradiance and Rear-Shading Loss for Bifacial PV Performance on 1-Axis Tracking SystemsSilvana Ayala Peláez, Chris Deline, Joshua S. Stein(Sandia National Labs), Bill Marion, Kevin Anderson (Cypress Creek Renewables), and Matthew MullerElectrical mismatch loss vs. Mismatch loss factor。