英语三大类基本从句

PART1：英语从句三大类型

按一般说法，可分为三大类14种从句。

一,名词性从句

1主语从句Whether it's right or not remains to be seen.

2宾语从句I wonder whether it's right or not.

3同位语从句This is a question whether it's right or not.

4表语从句The question is whether it's right or not.

二,定语从句

1限定性定语从句She is the student who can speak English well.

2非限定性定语从句She is the student,who can speak English well.

三,状语从句

1时间状语从句The fact will come out when he comes here.

2地点状语从句You can go wherever you like.

3原因状语从句Pay more attention to your lessons because you are a student. 4方式状语从句He walks as if he were a king.

5目的状语从句She went to Japan so that she could learn Japanese well.

6结果状语从句She went to Japan so that she learned Japanese well.

7条件状语从句I will understand it if he tells me.

8让步状语从句He knows a lot though he is little.

PART2：经典名词性从句

主语从句(subject clauses)在复合句中起主语作用的从句叫主语从句。引导主语从句的词有从属连词、、关系代词、连接副词等。引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词that、whether，关系代词：who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever；关系副词：when, where, how, why, however, whenever, wherever等。

That you don’t like him is none of my business.你不喜欢她不管我的事。What he said is true. 他说的是真的。

Do you remember how he arrived almost at the end of the party?你记得他几乎是在宴会快结束时才到的吗？ This party's really where it's at, man! 啊，这个晚会真棒！

Tell us how you fulfilled the heavy task ahead of schedule.告诉我们,你们是怎样提前完成这一艰巨任务的。

We have reason to believe that the fighting on the border may develop into a full-blown war. (喻)我们有理由相信边境上的冲突可能发展成一场全面战争。

He said that he would come. 他说他要来。

Whether the football game will be played depends on the weather.足球比赛是否举行将视天气而定。

表语从句用作表语的从句叫作表语从句，它位于主句中的连系动词之后。引导表语从句的词有从属连词that、whether、as though(if)；关系代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等；关系副词when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever等。可以接表语从句的连系动词由be, look, remain, seem等。That引导表语从句时，在口语中，间或可以省略。

The trouble is that we are short of money.困难是我们资金短缺。

That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields.这就是为什么在新英格兰用石头墙而不用栅栏的原因。

At that time, it seemed as if I couldn't think of the right word anyhow.当时,我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。

宾语从句(object clauses)用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句的位置与陈述句基本结构中的宾语相同。宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可以作介词和非谓语动词（动词不定式、动名词、分词）和某些形容词的宾语。宾语从句可以由从属连词that whether、if，关系代词what, who, whose, which和关系副词when、where、how、why等引导。

He said he wanted to go to town. 他说他想去城里。

I hope you'll be better soon.我希望你能很快好起来。

I’m so glad that you were able to come to this party.你能设法抽空出席这个交际会，我很高兴。

I know nothing about it except what I have read in the papers.除了在报上读到的以外,我对这件事一无所知。

Most of the Chinese people usually go to work on the bike except when it rains.除了雨天,大多数中国人一般都骑自行车上班。

He asked me whether she was coming. 他问我，她来还是不来。

同位语从句用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在抽象名词fact，idea，news，hope，belief，thought，truth，doubt，suggestion，warning, instruction，reason，information, question等之后，对这些名词进行说明或解释。引导同位语从句的词除连词that，whether外，还有关系代词what, which, who, 以及关系副词how，when，where，why等。

It is a fact that smoking is a danger to health.吸烟危害健康，这是事实。

I have no idea what you mean.我一点儿也不明白你的意思。

He made the suggestion that we go by train. 他建议我们坐火车去。

There is no doubt that he is guilty. 毫无疑问，他是有罪的。

PART3：经典定语从句

1.窗户朝南的那间房间是我的。

The room whose window faces south is mine.=The room of which the window faces south is mine.

1.整座城市躺在废墟中，其中百分子75的工厂和大楼消失不见了。

The whole city, 75% of whose factories and buildings were gone, lay in ruins.