2017年杨浦区高三化学二模试卷及参考答案

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2017届黄浦区高三化学二模试卷及答案

黄浦区2017年高中学业等级考调研测试化学试卷2017年4月考生须知：1．本试卷满分100分，考试时间60分钟。

2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求；所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上；做在试卷上一律不得分。

3．答题前，考生务必在答题纸上用钢笔或圆珠笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。

4．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。

相对原子质量：H-1 C-12 N-14 O-16 Na-23一、选择题（本题共40分，每小题2分，每题只有一个正确选项）1．为使以面粉为原料的面包松软可口，通常用NaHCO3作发泡剂，利用的是NaHCO3①受热易分解②可增加甜味③可产生CO2④能提供钠离子A．①③B．①④C．②③D．③④2．下列分子中，属于含有极性键的非极性分子的是A．H2O B．Br2C．CH4 D．HCl3．下列溶液一定呈酸性的是A．含H+ 的溶液B．能使酚酞呈无色的溶液C．pH＜7的溶液D．c(OH-)＜c(H+)4．下列变化不需要破坏化学键的是A．加热氯化铵固体B．干冰气化C．石油裂化D．氯化氢溶于水5．氮化硅（Si3N4）是一种新型的耐高温耐磨材料，氮化硅属于A．离子晶体B．分子晶体C．金属晶体D．原子晶体6．对下列化学用语的理解正确的是A．原子结构示意图可以表示12C，也可以表示14CB．比例模型可以表示二氧化碳分子，也可以表示水分子C．电子式可以表示羟基，也可以表示氢氧根离子D．分子式C2H4O2可以表示乙酸，也可以表示乙二醇7．向盐酸中加入浓硫酸时，会有白雾产生。

下列叙述不属于导致产生该现象的原因是A．浓硫酸有吸水性B．盐酸有挥发性C．气态溶质的溶解度随温度升高而降低D．浓硫酸有脱水性8．下列有关实验操作的叙述错误的是A．过滤操作中，漏斗的尖端应接触烧杯内壁B．从滴瓶中取用试剂时，滴管的尖嘴可以接触试管内壁C．滴定接近终点时，滴定管的尖嘴可以接触锥形瓶内壁D．向容量瓶转移液体时，导流用玻璃棒可以接触容量瓶内壁9．下列反应中调节反应物用量或浓度不会改变反应产物的是A．铜粉加入硝酸中B．溴化亚铁溶液中通氯气C．AlCl3溶液中滴入NaOH溶液D．铁粉在硫蒸气中燃烧10．Cl2和SO2都有漂白作用，能使品红溶液褪色。

2017年上海杨浦区高三化学二模卷

2017年上海杨浦区高三化学二模卷杨浦区2016学年度第二学期高中等级考模拟质量调研高三年级化学学科试卷2017.04考生注意：1．本试卷满分l00分，考试时间60分钟。

2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求；所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（综合分析题）在答题纸上；做在试卷上一律不得分。

3．答题前，考生务必在答题纸上用钢笔或圆珠笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。

4．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。

相对原子质量：H-1 C-12 N-14 O-16 Na-23 Al-27 Cl-35.5 一、选择题(本题共40分，每小题2分，只有一个正确选项。

)1．《本草纲目》记载的烧酒工艺：“凡酸坏之酒，皆可蒸烧”，“以烧酒复烧二次,, 价值数倍也”。

该方法与分离下列物质的原理相同的是A．苯和水B．硝酸钾和氯化钠C．食盐水和泥沙D．乙酸丁酯和1-丁醇2．对乙烯（CH2=CH2）的描述与事实不符的是A．球棍模型：B．分子中六个原子在同一平面上C．键角：109o28’D．碳碳双键中的一根键容易断裂3．仪器：①容量瓶、②长颈漏斗、③分液漏斗、④滴定管，使用前必须要检查是否漏液的是A．全部B．①③④C．只有③和④D．只有④4．不需要通过氧化还原反应就能从海水中获得的物质是A．液溴B．精盐C．钠D．烧碱5．常温下，将甲针筒内20mLH2S推入含有10 mLSO2的乙针筒内，一段时间后，对乙针筒内现象描述错误的是（气体在同温同压下测定）A．有淡黄色固体生成B．有无色液体生成乙：10mLSO 2甲：20mLH 2SC．气体体积缩小D．最终约余15mL 气体1CuO6．烷烃命名中常使用三套数字，甲、乙、丙 ,,，1、2、3,, ，一、二、三 ,, 。

其中“一、二、三 ……”是说明 A ．碳原子数B ．烷基位置编号C ．氢原子数D ．同种烷基数目7．下列有关同位素的说法正确的是A ．18O 的中子数为 8 B ．16O 和 18O 质子数相差 2C ．16O 与 18O 核电荷数相等D ．1个 16O 与 1个 18O 质量相等8．用除去表面氧化膜的细铝条紧紧缠绕在温度计上（如图），将少许硝酸汞溶液滴到铝条表面，置于空气中，很快铝条表面产生“白毛”，且温度明显上升。

2017年杨浦二模试卷(校对标准答案版)

杨浦区2016学年度第二学期高三模拟质量调研英语学科试卷2017.4本试卷分为第I卷(第1-13页)和第II卷（第14页）两部分。

全卷共14页。

满分140分。

考试时间120分钟。

1.答第I卷前，考试务必将条形码粘贴在答题纸的指定区域内。

2.第I卷（1-20小题，31-70小题）由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上。

考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。

注意试题题号和答题卡编号一一对应，不能错位。

答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择。

答案写在试卷上一律不给分。

第I卷中的第21-30小题，IV. Summary writing部分和第II卷的试题，其答案用钢笔或水笔写在答题纸的规定区域内，如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上则无效。

第I卷（共100分）I．Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversions between two speakers. At the end of each conversion, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A.1:00p.m. B.2:03p.m.C.2:30p.m.D.2:45p.m2．A .Jon Smith isn’t in right now.B .The man dialed the wrong number.C. John Smith can’t answer the phone right now.D. The woman is busy working and can’t find John Smith.3. A. Delivering newspaper. B .Picking Fruit.C. Baby-sitting.D. Posting advertisements.4. A. At home. B. At a hair-dresser.C. In the office.D. In a library.5. A. Cook and baker. B. Waitress and diner.C. Tailor and customer.D. Boss and secretary.6 .A. The man forgot saying something about the exam.B. The man said something that annoyed Jess.C. The man didn’t care about the exam.D. The man kept talking in the exam.7. A. The boys are badly spoiled.B. The man gives them too much money.C. They should learn to manage money.D. She wants to save money for the boys.8. A. Delighted. B. Excited.C. Puzzled.D. Disappointed.9. A. Rebecca doesn’t work hard enough.B. Rebecca never falls asleep in class.C. Rebecca has a Japanese cultural background.D. Rebecca’s parents urge her to have more sleep.10. A. Cindy is satisfied with her new hair style.B. Cindy is suffering from a serious hair loss.C. Cindy found her new image unbelievably nice.D. Cindy’s hairstylist didn’t understand her requirement.Section BDirections：In Section B, you will hear several longer conversion(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation (s) and the passage(s).The conversation(s) and passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only twice. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. In Sichuan province in 2013.B .In Washington, DC in 2000.C. In Washington, DC in 2013.D. In Sichuan province in 2000.12. A. She was seriously ill.B. her parents missed her too much.C. She was not accustomed to the food there.D. Pandas born outside China must come back before 4.13. A. Many US people saw her off at the airplane.B. It took her 6hours to come back home by plane.C. She was accompanied by a diplomat and doctor.D. A variety of food was prepared on the plane by Chinese zoo.Question 14 though 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. They speak too carefully.B. They don’t like foreigners.C. .They use jokes and slangD. They are poor at communication.15. A. You are as beautiful as a queen. B. No problems.C. You are serious about small matters.D. Don’t play drams.16. A. Imitate their pronunciation.B. Point out their lake of patience.C. Learn to speak internationally.D. Ask them to speak slowly and clearly.Question 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. A cell phone that had just been released.B. A cell phone whose price had just dropped.C. cell phone that the woman thought had some problems.D. A cell phone that the woman thought had some problems.18. A. He was afraid the product he wanted would be sold out soon.B. He thought that the new technology was worth the full price.C. He predicted that the prices of well-designed products would go up.D. He knew products from this company seldom offered a discount.19. A. She picked one model and bought it without hesitation.B. She was always the first one to try out latest models.C.She often consulted product reviews before purchase.D. She compared prices and bought the more expensive one.20A. Most companies overstate the function of their products.B. Different people have different values and principles.C. The man admitted that he bought the cell phone too hastily.D. The woman was more experienced in buying expensive products.II Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.I was standing in the checkout line behind a woman who looked to be in (21) ______60s. When it was her turn to pay, the cashier greeted her by name and asked her how she was doing.The woman looked down,(22) ______(shake) her head and said:“Not so good. My husband just lost job and my son is up to his old tricks again. The truth is, I don’t know how I’m going to get through the holidays.”Then she gave the cashier food stamps.My heat ached. I wanted to help but didn’t know how. (23)____ I offer to pay for her groceries or ask for her husband’s resume?As i walked into the parking lot, I saw the woman (24)_______ (return) her shopping cart. I remembered something in my purse (25)______ I thought could help her. It wasn’t a handful ofcash or an offer of a job for her husband, but maybe it would make her life better.My heart pounded as I approached the woman.“Excuse me,” I said, my voice trembling a bit. “I couldn’t help overhearing what you said to the cashier. It sounds like you’re going through a really hard time right now. I’m so sorry. I’d like to give you something.”I handed her the small card from my purse.When the woman read the card’s only two words, she began to cry. And through her tears, she said: “You have no idea (26) ____ this means to me.”I was a little startled by her reply. (27)_____ (not do) anything like this before, I didn’t know what kind of reaction I might receive. All left for me (28)______(say) was: “ Oh, Would it be OK to give you a hug?”(29)______ we embraced, I walked back to my car -- and began to cry, too.The words on the card?“You Matter.”A few weeks earlier, a colleague gave me a similar card (30) ___encouragement for a project I was working on. When I read the card, I felt a warm glow spread inside of me. Deeply touched, I came home and ordered my own box of You Matter card and started sharing them. Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Most of us learn at primary school that there are seven continents, but the next generation of kids may be adding one more to that list.According to a recent paper published in the geological society of American journal by a group of researchers, “Zealandia’’is a new continent that’s 31 beneath the ocean.Zealandia is 32 to be five million sq km. Most of this massive area is covered by water, but its highest mountains already have their own name: New Zealand.The small country is the only part of new Zealandia that isn't under water, but the paper’s authors want the huge landmass to be 33 worldwide as its own continent.‘The scientific value of classifying Zealandia as a continent is much more than just an extra name on a list,’ the researchers wrote in their paper.Scientists discovered Zealandia all the way back in 1995, then started 34 research on the area using underwater and satellite mapping 35 . After completing their work, they were finally able to write a report suggesting that Zealandia be named a continent.But who decided on what is a continent and what isn't? There is ,in fact, no official organization that does some countries teach that there are six or even five continents. This changes depending on where in the world the school is.Due to their 36 as a continuous expanse of land, some classify Europe and Asia as the same continent-known as Eurasia. Schools in Russia and parts of Eastern Europe teach this.And to making things even more confusing, France and Greece, as well as some other countries, classify North America and South American as simply America.This argument over how land is defined has even 37 into outer space. In 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) decided that Pluto was no longer a planet ,met the requirements needed to be called a planet ,76 years after its 38 in 1930, experts argued that it no longer met the requirements needed to called a planet alongside the eight others in our solar system. It was therefore renamed a “dwarf planet(矮行星)”,meaning that 39 books, models and museum exhibits all over world had to be 40 .But will be the world take the same notice of new Zealandia? The best way to tell is to keep an eye on our textbooks.III .Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked a b and c fill in each blanks with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Good news for awkward teenagers around the world. As time goes by, you could 41 up like a completely different person.This comes from the longest running personality study ever 42 by scientists. According to41. A. hold B. wake C. end D. cheer42. A. carried out B. applied to C. participated in D. made up43. A. incredible B. accessible C. changeable D. recognizable44. A. assemble B. assess C. assume D. access45. A. alternative B. individual C. original D. separate46. A. score B. rate C. comment D. remark47.A. comparing B. reviewing C. presenting D. observing48. A. young B. similar C. amateur D. differentbination B. stability C. transformation D. flexibility50.A. increasingly B. strangely C. subsequently D. obviously51.A. Therefore B. Moreover C. However D. Otherwise52.A. stronger B. closer C. further D. weaker53.A. option B. sign C. symptom D. cause54.A. replaced B. exposed C. divided D. cultivated55.A. stuck in mud B. buried in sand C. lost in thought D.set in stoneS ection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)One way people are responding to food safety concerns is by going their own food. However, not everyone live on property with enough space for a private plot. One solution is community gardens, which have become popular worldwide, numbering 1,000 in North America alone. In addition to providing low-cost, delicious food, these public spaces offer cities a range of other benefits.Community gardens are located in a town or city and tended by local residents. Often, the land is on a vacant lot owned by the city. The site is divided into manageable plots, which may be tended by individuals or by the garden’s members collectively. Since the land is usually publicly owned, the cost for gardeners to lease it is minimal. In fact, New York City, which is home to more than 750 community gardens tended by more than 20,000 members, charges people just $1 a year to lease a plot. Other costs involve soil, tools, seeds, fencing, and so on. However, because they’ve shared by many people, individual gardeners pay very littleA community garden can quickly pay off, in terms of delicious fruits vegetables, in addition be beautiful flowers. Excess produce can be sold for a profit at farmers markets. But a garden’sbenefits don’t stop there. They also beautify cities, foster strong relationships among residents, and lower an area’s crime rate. Award-winning spaces like London’s Culpeper Community Garden even attract tourists. Beautiful and affordable, community gardens are often described as oases in crowded cities.56. Community gardens are designed for those whoA. are concerned about food safetyB. live in a house with a private plotC. can’t afford to buy organic foodD. don’t have their own property57. New York CityA. is owned by 20,000 individual gardensB. charges residents a lot to lease tools and fencingC. contains more than 750 community gardensD. is tended by professional gardeners and local residents58. What’s the benefit of community gardens?A. People can enjoy safe and delicious vegetables and animal meat.B. Residents are more familiar and related with each other.C. The neighborhood is becoming safer but of lower taste.D. People can make some Profits from the visiting tourists.59. The understood word “oases” is closest in meaning toA. cultural and art centers B, popular platforms for exchangesC. peaceful and safe landsD. commercial and prosperous places（B）African SafariEssential information you need to know before booking your African Safari in Southern Africa-These tips will enhance The experience that you have Things to Consider Before Booking an African Safari1)Book in AdvanceAfrican Safaris are now hugely popular and good safari camps often get booked out more than a year in advance, especially during the high season from July through to October. Show more... 2）Choosing which game parkDifferent parks have different topography and weather patterns -this greatly affects animal movements at different times of the year. If you want to target certain species of animals, then some parks are better than others for certain species. Show more...3)Choosing which lodge or safari campA typical safari camp has between 10 and 20 beds, it is an intimate safari experience and very personalised. However, there are also hotels in some places, either inside or just outside a national park, which can sleep anything up to 300people. Show more...4)GuidingThe quality, experience and knowledge of the game guides at any Safari camp is almost the most important factor to consider. Good guides can transform your experience from ordinary to exceptional. Show more...5)What’s the Best Time of Year to go on SafariUnderstandably as the seasons change so does the safari experience. It is highly advisable to find out the best time of year for the safari area that you are intending to visit Prices will change dramatically between the high and the low season, so good deals are to be had in the low season but it is important to know the difference, as your experience will be vastly different. Show more...6)The PricesGoing on Safari is not cheap whichever way you do it, but the price range can be enormous. Unfortunately, safaris in most cases a case of “you pay for what you get”. Show more...7)Fly-in safari or notUsing small charter planes is sometimes an absolute necessity for camps in remote areas, where road transfers are just not practical or viable. These flights can increase the overall cost of the safari substantially but generally they are worth it and allow you the flexibility to visit a variety of safari camps in different locations. Show more...8)Use an AgentAs you can see from all the information and options detailed above, there is great deal tounderstand and unless you go on safari several times a year it is impossible to know all this stuff. Show more...CONTACT US NOW TO HELP YOU PLAN YOUR SAFARIWe are qualified travel agents who know this area intimately!Click on the below buttons for some fantastic safari ideas60.Which is a determining factor in choosing a Safari camp?A.Means of transport.B.Accommodation.C. Weather patterns.D. Game guides61.John is planning to have an African Safari in August 2018. He should book it in ____.A.July 2018B.January 2018C.July 2017D.October 201762.Which of the following is FALSE about African Safari?A.You can have a good price but same experience if you travel in low season.B.If you visit different camps in remote areas, flights may be unavoidable.C.The more money you pay, the better experience you’ll get.D.Not all the parks have the same species of animals.(C)A busy brain can mean a hungry body. We often seek food after focused mental activity, like preparing for an exam. Researchers think that heavy bouts of thinking drain energy from the brain. Whose capacity to store fuel is very limited.So the brain, sensing that it may soon require more calories to keep going, apparently stimulates bodily hunger, and even though there has been little in the way of physical movement or caloric expenditure, we eat. This process may partly account for the weight gain so commonly seen in college students.Scientists at the University of Alabama at Birmingham and another institution recently experimented with exercise to counter such post-study food binges.Gary Hunter, an exercise physiologist at U.A.B., oversaw the study, which was published this month in the journal Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise. Hunter notes that strenuous activity both increases the amount of blood sugar and lactate(乳酸盐) — a byproduct of intense muscle contractions（收缩）— circulating in the blood and augments blood flow to the head. Because the brain uses sugar and lactate as fuel, researchers wondered if the increased flow of fuel-rich blood during exercise could feed an exhausted brain and reduce the urge to overeat.Thirty--eight healthy college students were invited to U.A.B.’s exercise lab to report what their favorite pizza was. At a later date, the volunteers returned and spent 20 minutes tackling selections from college and graduate--school entrance exams. Next, half the students sat quietly for 15 minutes, before being given pizza. The rest of the volunteers spent those 15 minutes doing intervals on a treadmill: two minutes of hard running followed by about one minute of walking, repeated five times. Hunter says, that should prompt the release of sugar and lactate into the bloodstream. These students were then allowed to gorge on pizza, too. But by and large, they did not overeat. In fact, the researchers calculated that the exercisers consumed about 25 fewer calories than they did during their baseline session. The non-exercisers, however, consumed about 100 calories more.The study has limitations, of course. We only looked at lunch, Hunter says; the researchers do not know if the runners consumed extra calories at dinner. They also cannot tell whether other types of exercise would have the same effect as running although Hunter says they suspect that if an activity causes someone to break into a sweat, it should also increase blood sugar and lactate, feeding the brain and weakening hunger’s call.63.According to the passage, ____may cause many college students to overeat and gain weight.A.A lot of energy-consuming mental activitiesB.Numerous physical movements or calorie burningC.Failure to resist the temptation of delicious foodD.Bodily hunger caused by physical growth64.The underlined word “counter” is closest in meaning to ___.A.StimulateB.MaximizeC.BalanceD.Prevent65.What can be inferred from the passage?A.Running is more beneficial than walking.B.Sweating in exercise can make people hungrierC.The amount of blood sugar and lactate can affect people’s appetite.D.When the brain feels exhausted, people tend to do exercise for relaxation.66.Which of the following statements is FALSE?A.Mental activities can make people feel hungry.B.Physical exercise can make people refreshed and stay hungry.C.Sugar and lactate can help energize and restore people’s brain.D.It’s uncertain what types of exercise can effectively feed the brain.Section CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Self-talk helps us allTalking to yourself may seem a little shameful. If you’ve ever been overheard criticizing yourself for a foolish mistake or practicing a speech, you’ll know the social problems it can cause.67But there’s no need for embarrassment. Talking to ourselves, whether out loud or silently in our head, is -valuable. Far from being a sign of insanity, self-talk allows us to plan what we are going to do, manage our activities and control our emotions.For example, take a trip to any preschool and watch a small girl playing with her toys. Your are very likely to hear her talking to herself: offering herself directions and talking about her problems.68 We do a lot of it when we are young.As according to the Russian Psychologist Lev Vygotsky, we use private speech to control our actions in the same way that we use public speech to control the behavior of others. As we grow older, we keep this system inside.Psychological experiments have shown that this so-called inner speech can improve our performance in tasks like telling what other people are thinking. Our words give us an interesting view of our actions. One recent study suggested that self-talk is most effective when we talk to ourselves in the second person: as “you” rather than “I”.69 if you want proof, turn on sports channel. You’re sure to see an athlete shouting at himself or herself.Talking to ourselves seems to be a very good way of solving problem and working through ideas. Hearing different points of view means our thoughts can end up in different places, just like a regular dialogue, and might turn out to be one of the keys to human creativity.Both kinds of self-talk – silent and out loud – seem to bring many different benefits to our thinking. 70 .IV. Summery WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.For thousands of years, people have across the oceans to trade, explore, and transport goods. However ,not every ship arrives at its port of destination. Weather, war, navigation mistakes, and bad luck have caused many ships to sink to the bottom of the ocean. These shipwrecks, which are estimated to number more than three million, have long fascinated us. In addition to being historically important, they sometimes contain great riches.Historical research is a key motivator for shipwreck hunters. Ships carrying documents and artifacts can teach us about ancient civilizations and important events. For instance, in 1977 the Pandora, which sank in 791, was discovered off the coast of Australia. The findings from the ship helped us understand the events surrounding the famous mutiny(暴动) on another ship—the Bounty. Another important discovery of the US coast is 1996 is widely believed to be the Queen Ann’s Revenge, the flagship of the private Blackbeard.Profit is another motive for shipwreck exploration, as companies use advanced sonar, robots, and retrieval equipment to find treasure ships. One such firm is Odyssey Marine Exploration. The company has found hundreds of ships, including, in 2007, Spanish sailing ship containing 500,000 silver coins. The ship, which sank 200 years ago in the Atlantic Ocean, Carried a treasure estimated to be worth $500 million. Soon after the discovery, a long legal battle over ownership rights tool place between the company and the Spanish government. Cases like these are part of an ongoing debates about protecting historically important ships from treasure hunters.________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________60第II卷（共46分）I TranslationDirections: Translation the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.新颁布的禁烟令得到了广大市民的支持。

上海市杨浦区高三化学二模试题(附答案)

精品基础教育教学资料，仅供参考，需要可下载使用！上海市杨浦区高三化学二模试题（附答案）相对原子质量：H-1 C-12 O-16 S-32 Fe-56 Ag-108 Ba-137 一、选择题（本题共40分，每小题2分，每小题只有一个正确答案）1．科学家根据25Mg 与24Mg 的比例，为月球起源的假说提供证据。

25Mg 与24Mg 具有相同的 A ．核外电子排布B ．质量数C ．中子数D ．质量2．可降解塑料能从根本上解决白色污染。

PLA （ [ O －CH －CO ] ）是一种较成熟的可降解塑料。

PLA 可降解的原因是 A ．分子量小B ．能溶解于水C ．能水解D ．能燃烧3．利用物质性质差异进行分离是化学上常用的方法。

纸上层析利用了物质的A ．溶解性差异B ．熔点差异C ．沸点差异D ．密度差异4．向苯、CCl 4、无水乙醇、己烯中分别滴加少量溴水，振荡、静置后，描述错误的是A ．苯：上层红棕色，下层无色B ．无水乙醇：液体不分层C ．己烯：上层无色，下层无色D ．CCl 4：上层无色，下层紫色5．下列物质来源的叙述，错误的是A ．甲烷：可从天然气中得到B ．乙烯：可从石油分馏中得到C ．苯：可从煤焦油中得到D ．乙醇：可由粮食发酵得到6．常温下，能鉴别浓H 2SO 4和稀H 2SO 4，且与浓H 2SO 4强氧化性有关的是A ．铝片B ．纸C ．铜片D ．焦炭7．加热装有硫粉的试管，硫粉很快熔化为液体，继而有淡黄色气体产生。

将光亮细铜丝伸入气体中，铜丝发光发热且表面有黑色物质生成。

由上述现象得不出的结论是 A ．硫的熔沸点较低B ．硫晶体属于分子晶体C ．铜丝能在硫蒸气中燃烧D ．黑色固体是Cu 2S8．右图是能量示意图，由此判断热化学方程式正确的是A ．O(g)＋2H(g) → O 2 (g)＋H 2 (g)－685kJB ．OH (g)＋H (g) →O(g)＋2H(g)＋427kJC ． O 2 (g)＋H 2 (g) →H 2O (g)＋244kJD ．O(g)＋2H(g) →H 2O (g)－1187kJ 9．新制氯水的叙述错误的是1 212 能量CH3 nA ．含Cl 2，呈黄绿色B ．逸出Cl 2，有刺激性气味C ．光照时，放出氧气D ．含大量ClO ﹣，有强氧化性10．《自然科学》杂志上关于Li －空气电池如图所示。

2017-2018年上海市杨浦区中考二模化学试卷及答

杨浦区2017-2018学年度第二学期模拟考试初三化学试卷（理化合卷满分150分，考试时间100分钟）5考生注意：1．本试卷化学部分含三个大题。

2．答题时，考生务必按答题要求在答题纸规定的位置上作答，在草稿纸、本试卷上答题一律无效。

可能用到的相对原子质量：H-1 C-12 O-16 Mg-24 S-32Cl-35.5 Cu-64Zn-65 Ag-108六、选择题（共20分）下列各题均只有一个正确选项，请将正确选项的代号用2B铅笔填涂在答题纸的相应位置上，更改答案时，用橡皮擦去，重新填涂。

27．下列物质属于纯净物的是A．空气B．酒精 C.海水D.石油+228．下列符号表示两个分子的是A．2H2 B．H2O C．2HD．Cu29．C3N4是一种新型材料，它的硬度比金刚石还高，可做切割工具。

在C3 N4中，C的化合为+4，则N的化合价是A．-4 B．+3 C．+1 D．-330．下列物质在氧气中燃烧，火星四射，有黑色固体生成的是A．红磷B．木炭 C．甲烷D．铁丝31．下列物质中，属于溶液的是A．牛奶B．豆浆 C．冰水D．糖水32．人的生存离不开空气。

下图为空气成分示意图，其中R指的是A．氮气 B．氧气C．稀有气体 D．二氧化碳33．紫薯富含淀粉、蛋白质、维牛素、钾、铁、钙、硒等．具有特殊的保健功能。

其中的钾、铁、钙、硒指的是A．单质B．原子C．分子D．元素34．下列说法中正确的是A ．生石灰就是氧化钙B ．石灰石就是碳酸钙C ．纯碱就是火碱D ．熟石灰就是消石灰35．竹炭制品深受消费者欢迎，竹炭是竹子经过炭化处理后形成的多孔性材料，竹炭不具有的性质是A ．黑色固体B ．易溶于水C ．有吸附性D ．能够燃烧36．某物质发应的示图为，”表示碳原 “ ”表示氧原子， “ ”表示氢原子。

生成物甲的化学式为A ．H 2B ．H 2OC ．COD ．CO 237．紫甘蓝汁液在不同酸碱度下能显示相应的颜色，记录如下(见下图)。

2017年杨浦区高三化学二模试卷及参考答案

学年度第二学期高中等级考模拟质量调研杨浦区2016高三年级化学学科试卷2017.04考生注意：分钟。

1．本试卷满分l00分，考试时间60．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求；所有答题必须2涂（选择题）或写（综合分析题）在答题纸上；做在试卷上一律不得分。

．答题前，考生务必在答题纸上用钢笔或圆珠笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号，3并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。

不能错位。

答题时应特别注意，4．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，Cl-35.5 Al-27 N-14 O-16 Na-23 相对原子质量：H-1 C-1240分，每小题2分，只有一个正确选项。

) 一、选择题(本题共．《本草纲目》记载的烧酒工艺：“凡酸坏之酒，皆可蒸烧”，“以烧酒复烧二1 次……价值数倍也”。

该方法与分离下列物质的原理相同的是B．硝酸钾和氯化钠A．苯和水丁醇．乙酸丁酯和1- D C．食盐水和泥沙不符的是）的描述与事实2．对乙烯（CH=CH22．分子中六个原子在同一平面上 B A．球棍模型：o D．碳碳双键中的一根键容易断裂．键角：C109 28'．仪器：①容量瓶、②长颈漏斗、③分液漏斗、④滴定管，使用前必须要检查是3 否漏液的是．只有④DC．只有③和④．全部B．①③④A ．不需要通过氧化还原反应就能从海水中获得的物质是4 D．烧碱C．钠．精盐A．液溴 B的乙针筒内，一段时间后，10 mLSO20mLHS推入含有5．常温下，将甲针筒内22的是（气体在同温同压下测定）对乙针筒内现象描述错误A．有淡黄色固体生成B．有无色液体生成10mLSO乙：S20mLH甲：22．气体体积缩小C气体15mL．最终约余D．。

，一、二、三、2、3，6．烷烃命名中常使用三套数字，甲、乙、丙1………………”是说明其中“一、二、三……D．同种烷基数目A．碳原子数B．烷基位置编号C．氢原子数7．下列有关同位素的说法正确的是1818162 的中子数为8 BO 和质子数相差OA．．O18161618个质量相等O1个O与1 DC．．O与O 核电荷数相等．用除去表面氧化膜的细铝条紧紧缠绕在温度计上（如图），将少许硝酸汞溶液8滴到铝条表面，置于空气中，很快铝条表面产生“白毛”，且温度明显上升。

2017届上海市杨浦区高三化学二模卷(含答案)

1杨浦区2016学年度第二学期高中等级考模拟质量调研高三年级化学学科试卷2017.04相对原子质量：H-1C-12N-14O-16Na-23Al-27Cl-35.5一、选择题(本题共40分，每小题2分，只有一个正确选项。

)1．《本草纲目》记载的烧酒工艺：“凡酸坏之酒，皆可蒸烧”，“以烧酒复烧二次……价值数倍也”。

该方法与分离下列物质的原理相同的是（）A ．苯和水B ．硝酸钾和氯化钠C ．食盐水和泥沙D ．乙酸丁酯和1-丁醇2．对乙烯（CH 2=CH 2）的描述与事实不符的是（）A ．球棍模型：B ．分子中六个原子在同一平面上C ．键角：109o 28’D ．碳碳双键中的一根键容易断裂3．仪器：①容量瓶、②长颈漏斗、③分液漏斗、④滴定管，使用前必须要检查是否漏液的是（）A ．全部B ．①③④C ．只有③和④D ．只有④4．不需要通过氧化还原反应就能从海水中获得的物质是（）A ．液溴B ．精盐C ．钠D ．烧碱5．常温下，将甲针筒内20mLH 2S 推入含有10mLSO 2的乙针筒内，一段时间后，对乙针筒内现象描述错误的是（气体在同温同压下测定）（）A ．有淡黄色固体生成B ．有无色液体生成C ．气体体积缩小D ．最终约余15mL 气体6．烷烃命名中常使用三套数字，甲、乙、丙……，1、2、3……，一、二、三……。

其中“一、二、三……”是说明（）A ．碳原子数B ．烷基位置编号C ．氢原子数D ．同种烷基数目7．下列有关同位素的说法正确的是（）A ．18O 的中子数为8B ．16O 和18O 质子数相差2C ．16O 与18O 核电荷数相等D ．1个16O 与1个18O 质量相等8．用除去表面氧化膜的细铝条紧紧缠绕在温度计上（如图），将少许硝酸汞溶液滴到铝条表面，置于空气中，很快铝条表面产生“白毛”，且温度明显上升。

下列分析错误的是（）A ．Al 和O 2化合放出热量B ．硝酸汞是催化剂C ．涉及了：2Al+3Hg 2+→2Al 3++3HgD ．“白毛”是氧化铝乙：10mLSO2甲：20mLH 2S9．能用共价键键能大小解释的性质是（）A．稳定性：HCl＞HI B．密度：HI＞HClC．沸点：HI＞HCl D．还原性：HI＞HCl10．变色眼镜的镜片中加有适量的AgBr和CuO。

杨浦区2017学年度第二学期高中等级考模拟质量调研高三化学(二模)

杨浦区2017学年度第二学期高中等级考模拟质量调研高三年级化学学科试卷 2018.03相对原子质量：H —1 C —12 N —14 O —16 S —32 I —127 一、选择题（本题共40分，每小题2分，每小题只有一个正确答案） 1. 对铁及铁的化合物颜色描述错误的是（） A. 还原铁粉——银白色B. Fe(OH)3——红褐色C. Fe(SCN )3溶液——血红色D. FeSO 4溶液——浅绿色2. 常温下，Fe 、Al 在浓硫酸中钝化，浓硫酸表现了（）A. 难挥发性B. 吸水性C. 脱水性D. 强氧化性3. 与“用自来水制取蒸馏水”的原理相似的是（）A. 石油裂化B. 石油分馏C. 煤干馏D. 纸层析4. 右图喷泉实验的现象与下列性质无关的是（） A. 氨易溶于水 B. 氨能与水反应C. 氨水显碱性D. 氨易液化5. 常温下，表面能自然形成氧化层且使金属不被继续氧化的是（）A. AuB. NaC. AlD. Fe6. 下列有关乙炔的说法，错误的是（） A. 工业上制备炭黑的原料 B. 含极性键的非极性分子C. 能发生氧化反应D. 分子中所有原子共直线7. 对碳原子核外两个未成对电子的描述，正确的是（） A. 电子云形状不同 B. 自旋方向相同C. 能量不同D. 在同一轨道8. 共价化合物不可能（） A. 硬度很大B. 常温下为气态C. 由一种原子直接构成D. 溶于水产生阴阳离子9. 属于人工固氮的是（） A. 3224NH 5O 4NO 6H O D+揪井+催化剂B. 222NO O 2NO +?C. 2232N 3H 2NH +垐垐垎噲垐催化剂加热加压D. 22N O 2NO +揪揪?打雷闪电10. 下列反应中的能量变化与图示一致的是（） A. 盐酸和NaOH 溶液混合 B. CH 4在空气中燃烧 C. Al 与Fe 2O 3反应D. 电解水得到H 2和O 211. 涉及到Al(OH)3弱酸性的是（） A. Al 溶于强碱溶液B. Al 溶于强酸溶液C. AlCl 3溶液和氨水混合D. Al(OH)3受热分解12. 对C 2H 6和C 5H 12的分析错误的是（）A. 互为同系物B. C 2H 6失去1个H 得到的乙基只有一种结构C. C 5H 12的一氯代物可能只有一种D. 2,2-二甲基丙烷的沸点高于其同分异构体的沸点13. 实验室制备乙酸丁酯的装置如图所示，下列分析错误的是（） A. 导气管a 起到冷凝回流的作用 B. 反应后生成的乙酸丁酯仍在试管中 C. 充分反应后在试管中得到纯净的乙酸丁酯D. 制乙酸丁酯的反应温度超过100℃不能用水浴加热14. 侯氏制碱法，向母液中通入NH 3，其目的不是为了（） A. 增大4NH +浓度 B. 生成NaHCO 3C. 析出NH 4Cl 晶体D. 降低3HCO -浓度15. 有机物M：可用作涂料。

2017上海各区二模化学卷答案详解2

2017上海各区二模化学习题答案详解2一、2017年上海市黄浦区区二模卷答案详解44 A 错，CO2+2NaOH== Na2C03+H2O（本题NaOH足量，微量是生成NaHCO3），没有明显现象，所以不能检测。

B 对，水里气泡的多少反应了氧气流速的快慢C 错,氢氧化钙能除去CO2，不是CO。

D 错,酚酞试剂遇酸不变色，在中性溶液中也不变色，所以不能证明。

45 2NaOH+H2SO4== Na2SO4+2H2O2 1X a2/X=1/a X=2a 与图一致,所以是A。

另：看图应该是物质的量，所以BD错。

烧杯中除了反应生成的水,还有溶液中的溶剂水，溶剂质量不可知，无从判断水的物质的量，所以C也错。

答案A46 A 错, 除了酸碱中和反应生成盐和水,酸+碱性氧化物→盐+水例如3H2SO4+Fe2O3=Fe2(SO4)3+3H2O .B 错，置换反应：单质+化合物==新单质+新化合物，若C、D分别为单质和化合物，则该反应不一定是置换反应,如一氧化碳还原氧化铁3CO+Fe2O3==2Fe+3CO2C 错,例如Fe+2AgNO3==Fe(NO3)2+2Ag 1mol的铁质量是27克，能与硝酸银反应置换2mol的Ag,质量为216克，正好相反a〈cD 对，金属与盐酸反应，生成氢气和盐，氢气的质量远远小于金属，根据质量守恒，反应后的盐溶液质量一定增加.49 1) C2)碳酸钙，钠盐都可溶，氯化盐仅氯化银不可溶,硫酸铜也可溶,只有碳酸钙不可溶;硫酸钠与氯化钡反应生成硫酸钡是白色沉淀（Na2SO4+BaCl2==BaSO4↓+2NaCl），但BaSO4不能与稀盐酸反应(酸的通性里，除了碳酸盐，能与酸反应的盐必须可溶，BaSO4不溶，且反应无法产生↓↑和水)，沉淀不会消失变成无色溶液I,因此不存在Na2SO4。

3）2NaOH+CO2==Na2CO3+H2O，BaCl2+Na2CO3==BaCO3↓+2NaCl4）硫酸铜溶液是蓝色，不符合题意，故不存在，答案：碳酸钙、氢氧化钠、氯化钡2）步骤I 金属活动性Zn>Fe>Cu ，过量铁能置换出所有的铜Fe+CuSO4==FeSO4+Cu 所以，滤渣里含有C溶质为FeSO4、ZnSO43）步骤II是铁与硫酸反应产生氢气直到气泡完全消失,反应结束。

上海市杨浦区高三化学二模试卷

杨浦区2018学年度第二学期高中等级考模拟质量调研高三年级化学学科试卷相对原子质量：H-1 C-12 N-14 O-16 Na-23一、选择题（本题共40分，每小题2分，每小题只有一个正确答案） 1. 下列分离方法与物质的溶解度或溶解度变化无关的是（） A. 萃取B. 结晶C. 蒸馏D. 纸上层析2. 下列铝合金的性质与其用于国产C919飞机外壳无关的是（） A. 导电性B. 密度小C. 抗腐蚀性强D. 硬度大3. 1H 、2H 、3H 中数字1、2、3表示（） A. 中子数B. 质量数C. 核外电子数D. 质子数4. 不能正确表述二氧化碳分子的是（） A. 键角：180°B. 结构式：O=C=OC. 比例模型：D. 属于非极性分子5. 对NH 3在工农业生产中用途的叙述错误的是（） A. 制氨气B. 制氮肥C. 制硝酸D. 做制冷剂6. Fe 与下列物质反应的产物，能使KSCN 溶液显红色的是（） A. H 2OB. O 2C. SD. 足量稀HNO 37. 检验NH 4+的方法是：向未知物中加强碱、加热，再用湿润的红色石蕊试纸检测气体产物，该检验过程中不涉及的反应是（）A. NH 4++OH -∆−−→NH 3↑+H 2O B. NH 3+H +→NH 4+ C. NH 3+H 2O NH 3·H 2OD. NH 3·H 2ONH 4++OH -8. 由一种原子直接构成的物质，不可能（） A. 硬度很大B. 常温下为气态C. 属于原子晶体D. 属于非电解质9. 能使Al(OH)3的电离平衡向碱式电离方向移动的是（） A. HNO 3B. H 2CO 3C. NaOHD. 氨水10. 在密闭容器内发生反应： 3FeO(s)+H 2O(g)Fe 3O 4(s)+H 2(g)-Q ，H 2O 和H 2物质的量随时间的变化如图所示。

2min 时仅改变一个条件，该改变的条件是（） A. 减少c(H 2O)B. 增加c(H 2)C. 增大压强D. 升高温度11. 在液溴和溴水的混合物中，对液溴描述正确的是（） A. 深红棕色，在下层B. 深红棕色，在上层C. 紫黑色，在下层D. 紫黑色，在上层12. 接触法制硫酸中能提高SO 2转化率的条件是（） A. 400~500℃B. 常压C. 催化剂D. 过量的空气13. 不能说明氯元素的非金属性比硫元素强的是（） A. 溶解性：HCl > H 2S B. Cl 2+H 2S→2HCl+SC. 稳定性： HCl > H 2SD. 3Cl 2+2Fe ∆−−→2FeCl 3、S+Fe ∆−−→FeS 14. 与漂粉精溶液的氧化性无关的现象是（） A. 滴入酚酞试液先变红后褪色 B. 滴入AgNO 3溶液有白色沉淀 C. 滴入浓HCl 有黄绿色气体D. 滴入FeCl 2溶液有红褐色沉淀15. 不能鉴别黄色的溴水和碘水的物质是（） A. CCl 4B. 淀粉溶液C. 苯D. NaOH 溶液16. 反应①2H 2O(l)−−−→太阳光催化剂2H 2(g)+O 2(g)+Q 1和反应②2H 2O(l)−−−→通电2H 2(g)+O 2(g)+Q 2，都是分解得到H 2和O 2，下列判断错误的是（） A. 反应①中太阳能转化为化学能B. 反应②中电能转化为化学能C. Q 1>0、Q 2<0D. Q 1=Q 217. 铜片和铁片（均少部分被氧化）一起放入足量的盐酸中充分反应。

2017年上海市杨浦区中考化学二模试卷(可编辑修改word版)

2017 年上海市杨浦区中考化学二模试卷一、单项选择题（本题共24 分）1．（1 分）化学实验室发生下列变化，属于化学变化的是（）A．烧碱变质B．盐酸挥发C．稀释浓酸D．试管破碎2．（1 分）下列属于纯净物的是（）A．空气B．碘酒C．矿泉水D．冰水3．（1 分）C3N4是一种新型的材料，其中氮元素的化合价为﹣3 价，则碳元素的化合价为（）A．+1 B．+3 C．+4 D．﹣44．（1 分）利用生物发光现象可检测“超微量钙”，此处“钙”是指（）A．元素B．单质C．原子D．分子5．（1 分）将下面调味品加入水中，不能形成溶液的是（）A．食盐B．蔗糖C．味精D．芝麻油6．（1 分）不属于化石燃料的是（）A．煤B．石油C．天然气D．乙醇7．（1 分）蚊虫叮咬时会分泌蚁酸，使叮咬处肿大痛痒。

为缓解症状，最好涂抹（）A．苹果汁B．牛奶C．肥皂水D．炉具清洁剂8．（1 分）化学用语的表述正确的是（）A．2O﹣两个氧元素B．2N2﹣2 个氮分子C．FeSO4﹣表示硫酸铁D．C60﹣60 个碳原子9．（1 分）实验室制CO2的操作正确的是（）A．连接仪器B．检查气密性C．取用石灰石D．验满10．（1 分）下列属于复合肥料的是（）A．NH4HCO3 B．KNO3 C．K2SO4 D．Ca3（PO4）2 11．（1 分）含碳物质中不属于碳的同素异形体的是（）A．金刚石B．石墨C．足球烯D．木炭粉12．（1 分）“金银铜铁锡”俗称五金．在这五种金属中，金属活动性最强的是（）A．金B．银C．铜D．铁13．（1 分）物质的性质决定用途．其中利用其化学性质的是（）A．氯气作消毒剂B．稀有气体作电光源C．金刚石作装饰品D．活性炭作吸附剂14．（1 分）如图所示：甲瓶中盛放的是浓H2SO4，乙瓶中放的是用石蕊溶液染成紫色的干燥小花。

若关闭阀门Ⅰ，打开阀门Ⅱ，紫色小花不变色；若关闭阀门Ⅱ，打开阀门Ⅰ，紫色小花（）A．变红色B．变蓝色C．变白色D．不变色15．（1 分）有关实验现象的描述中，正确的是（）A．电解水实验中正极与负极产生的气体体积比为1：8B．硫粉在氧气中燃烧产生蓝紫色火焰C．将铁丝插入硫酸铜溶液中，铁丝表面有铜析出D．在氯化铜溶液中滴加氢氧化钠溶液，有白色沉淀生成16．（1 分）分类是化学学科的基本思想方法之一．在甲烷充分燃烧的化学方程式中，没有涉及的物质类别是（）A．碱B．单质C．有机物D．氧化物17．（1 分）有关摩尔质量叙述正确的是（）A．单位是摩尔B．等于物质的量乘以质量C．数值上等于该物质的式量D．表示单位积物质的质量18．（1 分）为探究物质的燃烧条件，某同学进行了如下图所示的实验，说法正确的是（）A．现象①③说明白磷的着火点比红磷的着火点低B．现象①②说明物质燃烧需要达到一定的温度C．现象②③说明物质燃烧需要氧气D．现象②说明红磷不是可燃物19．（1 分）如图所示装置有多种用途，其中错误的是（）选项广口瓶内盛放的物质用途A 空气收集二氧化碳B 水收集氧气C 氢氧化钠溶液除去CO 中混有的CO2气体D 澄清石灰水检验CO2 气体A．A B．B C．C D．D20．（1 分）如图为初中化学常见气体的发生与收集装置。

2017上海各区二模化学卷答案详解6

2017上海各区二模化学习题答案详解6一、2017年上海市嘉定区二模卷答案详解44 Na2OH+H2SO4==Na2SO4+H2OA 对Na2OH+CuSO4== Na2SO4+Cu(OH)2↓B 错误BaCl2+ H2SO4==BaSO4↓+2HCl, BaCl2+ Na2SO4== BaSO4↓+2NaCl H2SO4和Na2SO4都能与BaCl2反应生成白色沉淀C 对氢前金属与酸反应生成氢气D 对酚酞遇碱变红45 氢氧化钠变质的方程式2NaOH+CO2==Na2CO3+H2O1)对Na2CO3+2HCl==2NaCl+CO2↑,CO2+Ca(OH)2==CaCO3↓+H2O 能检验是否变质2)错Na2CO3+Ca(OH)2== CaCO3↓+2NaOH, 滤液中存在反应后生成的NaOH，加酚酞只能显示滤液呈碱性，不能说明样品里是否含有NaOH，有可能存在完全变质的情况，而这种方法不能确定成分。

3)错Na2CO3+2HCl==2NaCl+CO2↑+H2O，NaOH+HCl==NaCl+H2O 因为氢氧化钠固体能吸收水和CO2气体，导致反应后的CO2质量测量不准确，无法测定纯度。

4)对，Na2CO3+Ca(OH)2== CaCO3↓+2NaOH，反应后得到NaOH，故滤掉固体得到纯净的NaOH。

答案 D(14)46 A 错，锌与足量盐酸反应完之后质量应该为零，图中不为0B 错误，Cu+2AgNO3==Cu(NO3)2+2Ag, 1mol的铜质量为63.5克，生成2mol的银质量为216克，因此固体质量是逐渐增加的，与图相反。

C正确Zn+2HCl==ZnCl2+H2↑Mg+2HCl==MgCl2+H2↑2mol稀盐酸，需要24克镁，65克锌，镁的活性强，产生氢气的速度更快。

D 错误，2KClO3=MnO2=2KCl+3O2↑反应时氯酸钾不断消耗，固体质量不断减少，而锰元素的质量不变，所以质量分数反而慢慢变大。

11、学2017年高三二模-有机大题

17年高三二模大题汇编——有机部分一、（17年长宁、金山、宝山二模）本题共15分：请回答下列问题：30. A 的名称是__________________，含有的官能团名称是__________________________，实验室由A 转化为乙烯的反应条件为______________________________。

31. B 和A 反应生成C 的化学方程式为__________________________________，该反应的类型为______________________________________。

32. F 的结构简式为_____________________。

33. 写出D 的同分异构体的结构简式______________________。

34. 乙炔也是常见的一种化工原料，它可以制取很多化工产品，例如：聚氯乙烯塑料。

写出由乙炔合成聚氯乙烯的合成路线。

（合成路线常用的表示方式为：A B −−−−→−−−−→反应试剂反应试剂反应条件反应条件……目标产物）CH 2CH 2有机物F是合成多种药物的重要中间体，一种合成路线如下：回答下列问题：38．写出反应类型。

反应①是_____________反应，反应④是______________反应。

39．化合物A中有___________种官能团，写出含氧官能团的结构式________________________ 。

40．化合物C的俗名是肉桂醛，其分子式是________________________。

写出肉桂醛跟新制Cu(OH)2在煮沸条件下发生反应的化学方程式__________________________________________ 。

41．由肉桂醛（）和乙酸制备的合成路线如下：________________________________________________________________________请将该合成路线补充完整（无机试剂任选）。