历年八级翻译真题分析-资料.ppt
专八历年翻译真题详解word资料19页
【2019年8级测试英译汉】Possession for its own sake or in competition with the rest of the neighborhood would have been Thoreau’s idea of the low levels1. The active discipline of heightening one’s perception of what is enduring in nature would have been his idea of the high2. What he saved from the low was time and effort he could spend on the high. Thoreau certainly disapproved of starvation, but he would put into feeding himself only as much effort as would keep him functioning for more important efforts.Effort is the gist of it3. There is no happiness except as we take on life-engaging difficulties. Short of the impossible, as Yeats put it, the satisfaction we get from a lifetime depends on how high we choose our difficulties4. Robert Frost was thinking in something like the same terms when he spoke of “The pleasure of taking pains”5. The mortal flaw in the advertised version of happiness is in the fact that it purports to be effortless6.We demand difficulty even in our games. We demand it because without difficulty there can be no game. A game is a way of making something hard of the fun of it. The rules of the game are an arbitrary imposition of difficulty7. When someone ruins the fun, he always does so by refusing to play by the rules. It is easier to win at chess if you are free, at your pleasure, to change the wholly arbitrary rules, but the fun is in winning within the rules. No difficulty, no fun.【概述】这是一篇说理性的议论文，文章评论美国19世纪哲学家、思想家、作家亨利·大卫·梭罗对人生幸福的看法。
96--2014专业八级历年英译汉真题解析
专业八级历年英译汉真题解析（1996-2014）1996年专八英译汉试题原文Four months before Election Day 1, five men gathered in a small conference room at the Reagan-Bush headquarters 2 and reviewed an oversize calendar that marked the remaining days of the 1984 presidential campaign. It was the last Saturday in June and at ten o'clock in the morning the rest of the office was practically deserted 3. Even so, the men kept the door slut and the drapes carefully drawn. The three principals and their two deputies had come from around the country for a critical meeting 4. Their aim was to devise a strategy 5 that would guarantee Ronald Reagan's resounding reelection to a second term in the White House.It should have been easy. They were battle-tested veterans 6 with long ties to Reagan and even longer ties to the Republican Party, men who understood presidential politics 7 as well as any in the country. The backdrop 8 of the campaign was hospitable, with lots of good news to work with: America was at peace, and the nation's economy, a key factor in any election, was rebounding vigorously after recession. Furthermore, the campaign itself was lavishly financed 9 , with plenty of money for a top-flight staff 10 , travel, and television commercials. And, most important, their candidate was Ronald Reagan, a president of tremendous personal popularity and dazzling communication skills 11. Reagan has succeeded more than any president since John F. Kennedy in projecting a broad vision of America —a nation of renewed military strength, individual initiative, and smaller federal government 12.【概述】本文是一篇典型的关于美国政治的时事杂文，用词色彩强烈，修饰语具有极端性和渲染性的特点。
历年专业八级翻译真题及答案共68页PPT
6、最大的骄傲于最大的自卑都表示心灵的最软弱无力。——斯宾诺莎 7、自知之明是最难得的知识。——西班牙 8、勇气通往天堂，怯懦通往地狱。——塞内加 9、有时候读书是一种巧妙地避开思考的方法。——赫尔普斯 10、阅读一切好书如同和过去最杰出的人谈话。——笛卡儿
历年专业八级翻译真题及答 案
26、机遇对于有准备的头脑有特别的 亲和力 。 27、自信是人格的核心。
28、目标的坚定是性格中最必要的力 量泉源 之一， 也是成 功的利 器之一 。没有 它，天 才也会 在矛盾 无定的 迷径中 ，徒劳 无功。- -查士 德斐尔 爵士。 29、困难就是机遇。--温斯顿．丘吉 尔。 30、我奋斗，所以我快乐。--格
专八历年翻译真题详解
【2001年8级测试英译汉】Possession for its own sake or in competition with the rest of the neighborhood would have been Thoreau’s idea of the low levels1. The active discipline of heightening one’s perception of what is enduring in nature would have been his idea of the high2. What he saved from the low was time and effort he could spend on the high. Thoreau certainly disapproved of starvation, but he would put into feeding himself only as much effort as would keep him functioning for more important efforts.Effort is the gist of it3. There is no happiness except as we take on life-engaging difficulties. Short of the impossible, as Yeats put it, the satisfaction we get from a lifetime depends on how high we choose our difficulties4. Robert Frost was thinking in something like the same terms when he spoke of “The pleasure of taking pains”5. The mortal flaw in the advertised version of happiness is in the fact that it purports to be effortless6.We demand difficulty even in our games. We demand it because without difficulty there can be no game. A game is a way of making something hard of the fun of it. The rules of the game are an arbitrary imposition of difficulty7. When someone ruins the fun, he always does so by refusing to play by the rules. It is easier to win at chess if you are free, at your pleasure, to change the wholly arbitrary rules, but the fun is in winning within the rules. No difficulty, no fun.【概述】这是一篇说理性的议论文，文章评论美国19世纪哲学家、思想家、作家亨利·大卫·梭罗对人生幸福的看法。
英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案
英语专业八级考试翻译部分历届试题及参考答案说明：本处提供的参考答案完全是为了教学、教育目的而制作，参考答案分别源自福州大学外国语学院英语系翻译课程小组及邹申主编的《新编高等院校英语专业八级考试指南》［2001，上海：上海外语教育出版社］（转引自松园英文书院和《中国翻译》等，供同学们学习、比较。
1995年英语专业八级考试--翻译部分参考译文C-E原文：简.奥斯丁的小说都是三五户人家居家度日，婚恋嫁娶的小事。
因此不少中国读者不理解她何以在西方享有那么高的声誉。
但一部小说开掘得深不深，艺术和思想是否有过人之处，的确不在题材大小。
有人把奥斯丁的作品比作越咀嚼越有味道的橄榄。
这不仅因为她的语言精彩，并曾对小说艺术的发展有创造性的贡献，也因为她的轻快活泼的叙述实际上并不那么浅白，那么透明。
史密斯夫人说过，女作家常常试图修正现存的价值秩序，改变人们对“重要”和“不重要”的看法。
也许奥斯丁的小说能教我们学会转换眼光和角度，明察到“小事”的叙述所涉及的那些不小的问题。
参考译文：However, subject matter is indeed not the decisive factor by which we judge a novel of its depth as well as (of ) its artistic appeal and ideological content (or: as to whether a novel digs deep or not or whether it excels in artistic appeal and ideological content). Some people compare Austen’s works to olives: the more you chew them, the more tasty (the tastier) they become. This comparison is based not only on (This is not only because of ) her expressive language and her creative contribution to the development of novel writing as an art, but also on (because of ) the fact that what hides behind her light and lively narrative is something implicit and opaque (not so explicit and transparent). Mrs. Smith once observed, women writers often sought (made attempts) to rectify the existing value concepts (orders) by changing people’s opinions on what is “important”and what is not.E-C原文I, by comparison, living in my overpriced city apartment, walking to work past putrid sacks of street garbage, paying usurious taxes to local and state governments I generally abhor, I am rated middle class. This causes me to wonder, do the measurement make sense? Are we measuring only that which is easily measured--- the numbers on the money chart --- and ignoring values more central to the good life?For my sons there is of course the rural bounty of fresh-grown vegetables, line-caught fish and the shared riches of neighbours’orchards and gardens. There is the unpaid baby-sitter for whose children my daughter-in-law baby-sits in return, and neighbours who barter their skills and labour. But more than that, how do you measure serenity? Sense if self?I don’t want to idealize life in small places. There are times when the outside world intrudes brutally, as when the cost of gasoline goes up or developers cast their eyes on untouched farmland. There are cruelties, there is intolerance, there are all the many vices and meannesses in small places that exist in large cities. Furthermore, it is harder to ignore them when they cannot be banished psychologically to another part of town or excused as the whims of alien groups --- when they have to be acknowledged as “part of us.”Nor do I want to belittle the opportunities for smalldecencies in cities --- the eruptions of one-stranger-to-another caring that always surprise and delight. But these are,sadly,more exceptions than rules and are often overwhelmed by the awful corruptions and dangers that surround us.参考译文：对我的几个儿子来说，乡村当然有充足的新鲜蔬菜，垂钓来的鱼，邻里菜园和果园里可供分享的丰盛瓜果。
“专八”翻译与技巧PPT课件
参加培训与讲座
总结词
参加专业的培训和讲座，可以系统地学习翻译技巧和方法，提高自己的翻译水平。
详细描述
考生可以选择参加由专业翻译机构或资深翻译教师举办的培训课程或讲座，通过系统的学习和交流，深入了解翻 译的技巧和方法。此外，还可以通过参加翻译社群、论坛等线上交流平台，与其他考生或专业人士交流学习心得 ，共同进步。
02
CATALOGUE
翻译技巧概览
直译与意译
直译
保留原文的句式和表达方式，尽量逐 词翻译，适用于文化特征不明显的文 本。
意译
侧重于传达原文的意义和精神，可以 改变原文的句式和表达方式，更符合 目标语言的表达习惯。
增译与减译
增译
在翻译过程中，为了使译文更加完整和流畅，适当增加一些解释性的词语或句子，以补充原文中隐含 的信息。
05
CATALOGUE
翻译实践与案例分析
文学翻译实践
总结词
注重语言的艺术性和表达力
详细描述
文学翻译实践要求译者具备深厚 的语言功底和艺术修养，能够准 确传达原文的情感和意境，注重 语言的表达力和美感。
示例
将诗歌从歌的完整性和美感。
商务翻译实践
总结词
强调准确性和专业性
详细描述
商务翻译实践涉及商业合同、产品说明、市场推广等材料，要求译者具备相关专业知识 和术语，能够准确传达原文意思，语言规范、专业。
示例
将一份商业合同从中文翻译成英文，需要准确理解合同条款和法律用语，确保合同的有 效性和合法性。
新闻翻译实践
总结词
注重时效性和信息准确性
详细描述
减译
在翻译过程中，为了使译文更加简洁明了，适当省略一些不必要的词语或句子，避免冗长和重复。
专八历年英译汉真题讲解
2009-01-06 | 专业八级历年英译汉真题解析（1996-2000）1996年专八英译汉试题原文Four months before Election Day 1, five men gathered in a small conference room at the Reagan-Bush headquarters 2 and reviewed an oversize calendar that marked the remaining days of the 1984 presidential campaign. It was the last Saturday in June and at ten o'clock in the morning the rest of the office was practically deserted 3. Even so, the men kept the door slut and the drapes carefully drawn. The three principals and their two deputies had come from around the country for a critical meeting 4. Their aim was to devise a strategy 5 that would guarantee Ronald Reagan's resounding reelection to a second term in the White House.It should have been easy. They were battle-tested veterans 6 with long ties to Reagan and even longer ties to the Republican Party, men who understood presidential politics 7 as well as any in the country. The backdrop 8 of the campaign was hospitable, with lots of good news to work with: America was at peace, and the nation's economy, a key factor in any election, was rebounding vigorously after recession. Furthermore, the campaign itself was lavishly financed 9 , with plenty of money for a top-flight staff 10 , travel, and television commercials. And, most important, their candidate was Ronald Reagan, a president of tremendous personal popularity and dazzling communication skills 11. Reagan has succeeded more than any president since John F. Kennedy in projecting a broad vision of America — a nation of renewed military strength, individual initiative, and smaller federal government 12.【概述】本文是一篇典型的关于美国政治的时事杂文，用词色彩强烈，修饰语具有极端性和渲染性的特点。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
2 英语表达
翻译应该对汉英思维方式差异心中有数，否 则很容易受到思维方式的负干扰。我们需要 的是TL思维方式的积极引导，排除SL思维方 式的消极干扰。
如英语名词有数的范畴，汉语没有，因此汉 译英时必须对名词的数作出选择。英语中 “亚洲人”复数加S，而法国人复数为加 men，有的同学就译出“Asianman, Asianmen, Frenches”。
试比较英语中有关民族的词汇 （Quirk）
Specific reference
Generic reference
1 汉语理解
广交朋友：make friends extensively ?
Make a lot of friends “冷餐会”、“酒会”：cold dish party ? buffet reception／ dinner party “寒暄” ：coldly talk for a while ?
singular
plural
plural
An American A German An Asian A European An Englishman A Frenchman
Americans Germans Asians Europeans Englishmen Frenchmen
The American The Germans The Asians The Europeans The English The French
英语中的可数和不可数
“礼节”：an etiquette or etiquette? 这词是不可数的，意思是manners, a set of
customs and rules for polite behavior. “冷餐会是广交朋友的好机会”: are good
opportunities…?? 英语表达习惯是to give sb. an opportunity
(3) 二话不说先递名片反倒有些勉强。
It seems reluctant to offer visiting cards without a word.
It seems somewhat unnatural for them to give name cards before getting into conversation.
of… / to …
In Paris, various cocktail parties and buffet dinners provide an excellent opportunity to make a lot of friends.
(4) 他们往往开口之前先必恭必敬地用双手 把自己的名片呈递给对方。
They usually present their name cards respectfully with both hands before opening their mouths.
When strangers meet on such occasions, an Asian tends to present his name card respectfully with both hands before the conversation.
TEM8，2019 汉译英试题
在巴黎，名目繁多的酒会、冷餐会是个交 朋友的好机会。在这样的场合陌生人相见 如果是亚洲人，他们总是在开口之前先毕 恭毕敬的把自己的名片递上，这好象是不 可缺少的礼节。然而法国人一般都不大主 动递送名片，双方见面寒暄几句，甚至海 阔天空的聊一番也就各自走开。只有当双 方谈话投机，希望继续交往时才会主动掏 出名片。二话不说，先掏名片反而有些勉 强。
agreeable “勉强”：reluctant
unnatural
学生译文：
(1)双方见面寒暄几句……也就各自走开。 They will leave after exchanges of some polite
expressions of formulas.
(2)甚至海阔天空地聊一番也就各自走开。 They will leave even after a lot of talking.
Have further intercourse
（5）只有当双方谈话投机，希望继续交往 时才会主பைடு நூலகம்掏出名片。
Only when they are speculative in their conversation and hope to keep in touch later on will they give name cards.
英语专业八级考试翻 译真题解析
《考试大纲》对翻译的要求
翻译项目为主观试题，分两个部分。第一部分 Section A Chinese to English，要求考生将文内约 150个左右的汉字译成英语。第二部分Section B English to Chinese，要求考生将文内约150个左右 的英语译成汉语，
exchange of conversational greetings; exchange of amenities or compliments （见面时谈论天气冷暖的应酬话）
“海阔天空”：unrestrained and far-ranging “二话不说”：before starting a conversation “投机”：speculative
高校英语专业八级考试大纲(2019年新版)对汉译 英测试提出了两点较新的要求：第一，能运用汉 译英的理论和技巧，翻译我国报刊杂志上的文章 和一般文学作品。速度为每小时250至300个汉字。 第二、译文必须忠实原意，语言通顺、流畅。
（1）内容上以文学翻译和政论性文章为主
（2）在质量的要求上强调忠实和通顺，现在还 加上了“流畅”这一较高的标准。