高考英语阅读主旨大意题的解题技巧
高考英语冲刺阅读理解的主旨大意题解题技巧
高考英语冲刺阅读理解的主旨大意题解题技巧在高考英语中，阅读理解占据着相当重要的地位，而其中的主旨大意题更是考查考生综合理解和把握文章核心内容的关键题型。
对于即将参加高考的同学们来说，掌握有效的解题技巧来应对主旨大意题，是提高阅读理解分数的重要途径。
一、了解主旨大意题的常见提问方式首先，我们要熟悉主旨大意题常见的提问形式。
比如：“What is the main idea of the passage?” 、“The passage is mainly about” 、“Which ofthe following best expresses the main idea of the passage?” 等等。
通过对这些常见提问方式的了解，我们能够在阅读文章时更有针对性地去寻找主旨。
二、阅读文章时要抓关键1、关注文章的开头和结尾很多文章在开头就会点明主题，或者在结尾处进行总结概括。
所以，在阅读时要特别留意开头和结尾的段落，这往往是揭示主旨的关键所在。
2、留意段落的主题句通常，每个段落都会有一个主题句，它能够概括该段落的主要内容。
主题句可能出现在段首、段中或段尾。
如果能够准确找到段落的主题句，对于理解整篇文章的主旨会有很大帮助。
3、注意文中的转折词和总结词像“but”、“however”等转折词，以及“therefore”、“thus”等总结词后面的内容，往往包含着重要的信息，可能会指向文章的主旨。
三、排除干扰选项1、以偏概全的选项这类选项往往只涉及文章的某一部分内容，而不能涵盖整篇文章的主旨。
2、过于具体的细节选项虽然是文章中提到的内容，但只是具体的细节，不能代表文章的整体大意。
3、与文章内容无关的选项有些选项可能与文章的主题毫无关联，很容易被排除。
4、主观臆断的选项这类选项是根据自己的想法推测出来的，而非基于文章的内容。
四、归纳总结文章主旨在理解了文章的大致内容，并排除了干扰选项后，我们需要对文章的主旨进行归纳总结。
03 阅读专项之主旨大意题-2024高考英语重点题型
wanted to do it. And I wanted to do it alone as I always prefer it that way.” In March 2008, Ginni boarded
a ship with 48 passengers she’d never met before, to begin the journey towards Antarctica. “From seeing
portions（份）, it’s the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid. To test the effect of social
influence on eating habits, the researchers conducted two experiments. In the first, 95 undergraduate women
主题句通常在首段
记人
主题句通常在末段
记事
主题句通常在首段或末段
主题句通常在首段或根据小标题来判断
议论文
主题句通常在首段或末段
文章大意题之学以致用
B Some parents will buy any high-tech toy if they think it will help their child, but researchers said puzzles help children with math-related skills. Psychologist Susan Levine, an expert on mathematics development in young children at the University of Chicago, found children who play with puzzles between ages 2 and 4 later develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a significant predictor of cognition (认知) after controlling for differences in parents’ income, education and the amount of parent talk, Levine said. The researchers analyzed video recordings of 53 child-parent pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who play with puzzles between 26 and 46 months of age have better spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age. “The children who played with puzzles performed better than those who did not, on tasks that assessed their ability to rotate(旋转 )and translate shapes,” Levine said in a statement. The parents were asked to interact with their children as they normally would, and about half of the children in the study played with puzzles at one time. Higherincome parents tended to have children play with puzzles more frequently, and both boys and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills. However, boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than girls, and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and were more active during puzzle play than parents of girls. The findings were published in the journal Developmental Science.
英语阅读理解主旨大意解题技巧
英语阅读理解主旨大意解题技巧英语阅读理解主旨大意解题技巧主旨大意题是高考阅读理解的主要题型之一，旨在考查考生对锻炼大意或者文章中心思想的把握和归纳能力。
此类题数量较大，在15个题中约占3-4个。
下面就跟着店铺一起来详细了解一下主旨大意题的解题技巧吧!◆主旨大意题的分类⑴从考查对象上划分，主旨大意题可分为两种①篇章主旨：针对全文的主题进行提问。
主题句出现在首段的居多，其次是末段或为几段主题的综②段落主旨：针对某一段或几段的`主题提问。
主题句可能是段落的首句、末句，也可能需要从上下文中寻找或总结。
⑵从考查内容上划分，主旨大意题可分为三种①主题类(内容)，考查文章或段落的主旨大意;②目的类，考查文章或段落的写作目的;③标题类，要求考生选出文章的最佳标题。
◆设问特点：1. 考查全文主旨或段落大意。
2. 正确选项概况范围大小恰当，主旨判断准确。
3. 错误选项的特点常常是太大、太窄或者偏离主题，主观臆断。
4. 常以main idea, best idea, subject, mainly discuss 等词提问。
◆常考问题：1). 中心思想类The main point /idea of the passage is…The passage is mai nly about…The passage mainly discusses…The last but one paragraph is chiefly concerned with…?Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?2).标题类Which of the following is the best title of the passage?The best title for the passage would be …3).目的类The author’s main purpose in writing the passage is to …The passage is meant to ….In writing this passage, the author mainly intends to…【技巧点拨】1. 寻找主题句:抓住段落或文章主题的捷径之一就是在段落或文章中寻找主题句。
高考英语阅读理解技巧-主旨大意题
Man has made great progress in environment protection. Governments of many countries have established laws to protect the forests and sea resources and waste water and poisonous gases have been also dealt with. Still more measures should be taken to solve the problems. People should be further educated to realize the importance of the problem, to use modern methods of birth control and learn to recycle our natural resources. We are sure that we shall have a better and cleaned planet in the future.
应试技巧
选项分析 正确选项的特点：含有抽象名词和概括性词语. 四个选 项中, 含有approach, concept, chance, opportunity, various, both, general, many, difficult, way, necessity, necessary, importance 等词的选项一般是正确选项.那些概括全文, 内 容全面, 含义深刻, 说明道理的选项一般是答案项, 而选项 内容片面, 单一的内容一般是错误选项。
高考英语阅读理解技巧
主旨大意题解题技巧
• 考纲要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般 性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等， 并能从中获取相关的信息。 • 1 ﹑理解主旨要义 • 2 ﹑理解文中具体信息 • 3 ﹑根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义 • 4 ﹑作出判断和推理 • 5 ﹑理解文章的基本结构 • 6 ﹑理解作者的意图﹑观点和态度
阅读理解中主旨大意题解题技巧
在高考英语阅读理解中，主旨大意题是必考的阅读题型之一。
主旨大意题包括概括文章大意、给文章选择适合的标题、指出作者的写作目的等。
本文结合近五年广东高考英语试题来谈一谈这类试题的一些特点及解题技巧。
一、五年考情二、命题方式主旨大意题的类型与提问方式：1. 概括文章中心思想或段落大意的题干。
What is the passage mainly about? （2008年第49题）2. 考查作者的写作目的和意图的题干。
The purpose of the passage is ________. （2007、2008年第45题）The passage is intended to ________. （2009年第45题）What is the main purpose of the passage? （2011年第45题）3. 选择标题的题干。
Which of the following can be the best title of the passage? （2007年第50题）Which of the following is the best title for the passage? （2010年第50题、2011年第30题）三、错误选项的特点1. 无中生有或断章取义。
即在短文中没有提到或有的选项中的某些词语取自文章中，但经过推敲之后你会发现这类选项的内容与文章的内容不相符合。
（见例1）2. 以偏概全。
有些选项只阐述了文章的部分内容，这往往会让学生在选择答案时举棋不定。
[例1]（2011年广东） In the animal kingdom, weakness can bring about aggression in other animal. This sometimes happens with humans also. But I have found that my weakness brings out the kindness in people. I see it every day when people hold doors for me, pour cream into my coffee, or help me to put on my coat. And I have discovered that it makes them happy.From my wheelchair experience, I see the best in people, but sometimes I feel sad because those who appear independent miss the kindness I see daily...Last month, when I was driving home on a busy highway, I began to feel unwell and drove more slowly than usual. People behind me began to get impatient (I)put on the car flashlights and drove on at a really low speed.No more angry shouts and no more horns!When I put on my flashlights, ... But instead of getting impatient and angry, they waited, knowing the driver in front of them was in some way weak. Sometimes situations call for us to act strong and brave even when we don’tfeel that way. But those are few and far between. More often, it would bebetter if we don’t pretend we feel strong when we feel weak or pretend that we are brave when we are scared.30. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. A Wheelchair ExperienceB. Weakness and KindnessC. Weakness and StrengthD. A Driving Experience选项A和C是似是而非。
高考英语阅读理解解题技巧：主旨大意题
2019高考英语阅读理解解题技巧：主旨大意题主旨大意题这类题在设题时常会用到title, subject, main idea, topic, theme等词。
1.归纳标题题特点：短小精悍，一般多为一个短语;涵盖性强，一般能覆盖全文意思;精确性强，表达范围要恰当，不能随意改变语意程度或色彩。
常见命题形式有：What’s the best title for the text?The best title for this passage is ___.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?2. 概括大意题包括寻找段落大意(topic)和文章中心思想(main idea)，常见命题形式有：What is the general/main idea of the passage? Which of the following expresses the main idea? What is the subject discussed in the text?BThe writer of the story wants to tell us that_____. The passage/ text is mainly about_____. What’s the article mainly about ?解题技巧阅读理解文章多是议论文和说明文，这两种文体的结构可归纳为：提出问题——论述问题——得出结论或者阐明观点。
对于这类文章，抓主题句是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。
主题句一般出现在文章的开头或结尾。
主题句具有简洁性、概括性的特点。
主题句在文章中的位置主要有以下几种情况。
位于段首：一般而言，以演绎法撰写的文章，主题句往往在文章的开头，即先点出主题，然后围绕这一主题作具体的陈述。
判断第一句是否为主题句，可具体分析段落的首句与第二，三句的关系;如果从第二句就开始对第一句进行说明，论述或描述，那第一句就是主题句。
高考英语阅读主旨大意题的解题技巧
高考英语阅读:主旨大意题的解题技巧一、主旨大意题的命题形式主旨大意题旨在考查考生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力，亦即考查考生的归纳概括能力。
这类试题包括要求考生选出短文的标题(title, headline)、短文或段落的主题(subject)、中心思想(main idea)、作者的写作目的(purpose或为传递信息、或为愉悦读者、或为阐述某一道理)等。
这类题的设问方式主要有：(1)The subject of the passage/paragraph is ______.(2)The main idea of the passage/paragraph is ______.(3)The text is mainly about ______.(4)The passage mainly centers on ______.(5)The passage mainly tells about ______.(6)What is the subject discussed in the text?(7)What is the main idea of this passage?(8)What is the passage mainly about?(9)What does the second paragraph mainly discuss?(10)What is the main point the writer is trying to make in the last paragraph?(11)Which of the following is the best title for the passage?(12)Which title best gives the idea of the passage?(13)What would be the best title for the text?(14)What might be the most suitable title for the passage?(15)The best headlines for this newspaper article would be______(16)The main purpose of announcing the above events is to give information about ______.(17)The writer's purpose in writing this story is ______.(18)What is the author's main purpose?(19)What does the writer really want to tell us in this passage?(20)The writer wrote the story in order to______.(21)What is the advice given in the text / passage / article?二、寻找主题句的方法正确的解答这类题目的关键是准确地找出文章的主题句。
谈主旨大意题解题技巧
谈主旨大意题解题技巧作者：夏春来来源：《新高考·高三英语》2012年第11期在高考英语试题中，主旨大意题是必考的阅读题型之一。
该题型主要测试考生对篇章或段落的深层理解能力以及在速读中准确把握文章主旨大意的能力。
本文结合近几年高考英语试题来谈一谈这类试题的特点及解题技巧。
一、主旨大意题命题方式和分类1.中心思想类。
常见提问方式有：（1）What is the main idea of this passage？（2）The passage is chiefly about___________.（3）What is the author’s main concern？2.选择标题类。
常见提问方式有：（1）This passage is most probably taken from an articleentitled___________.（2）The best title for this passage would be___________.（3）What can be the best title for the text？3.写作目的类。
常见提问方式有：（1）This passage was written to explain___________.（2）The author’s purpose in writing this passage is to___________.（3）The author writes the passage mainly to___________.二、主旨大意题常见错因分析及解题技巧1.中心思想类。
常见的设错方式有无中生有、张冠李戴、以偏概全。
做“中心思想类”试题时要注意分析文章的结构，查找文章的中心句及每段的主题句。
高考英语阅读理解试题中的大多数文章都有较明确的中心句，一般出现在首段或末段；每段的主题句一般是首句或末句。
对于引导段、过渡段和描述性段落等没有主题句的段落，可以忽略一些枝节性内容，根据作者的夹叙夹议归纳中心。
高考英语 阅读理解 把握主旨大意 解题方法 与技巧
高考英语阅读理解把握主旨大意解题方法与技巧Title: Mastering the Main Idea in Reading Comprehension for the College Entrance ExaminationIntroductionReading comprehension is a crucial part of the English section in the college entrance examination. It requires students to understand the main idea and key details of a passage in order to answer related questions accurately. Therefore, mastering the main idea is essential for success in this section. In this article, we will discuss the importance of grasping the main idea, as well as effective strategies and tips for improving comprehension skills.Importance of Understanding the Main IdeaGrasping the main idea of a passage is crucial as it helps students comprehend the overall message or purpose of the text. Without understanding the main idea, students may find it challenging to answer questions accurately and efficiently. Additionally, having a clear understanding of the main idea can assist students in identifying important details and supporting information within the passage.Effective Strategies for Mastering the Main Idea1. Skim the passage: Before delving into the details of a passage, it is helpful to skim through it quickly to get an overall sense of the main idea. Pay attention to the title, headings, and topic sentences to identify the central theme of the passage.2. Identify key words and phrases: Look for key words and phrases that are repeated or emphasized throughout the passage. These can often help you pinpoint the main idea of the text.3. Pay attention to the beginning and ending: The introduction and conclusion of a passage often contain the main idea or central thesis. Focus on these sections to grasp the main point of the text.4. Summarize the passage: After reading the passage, take a moment to summarize the main idea in your own words. This can help reinforce your understanding and ensure that you have grasped the central theme.5. Practice with sample questions: To improve your main idea comprehension skills, practice with a variety of sample questions and passages. This will help you become more familiar with different types of texts and main ideas.Tips for Enhancing Comprehension Skills1. Read regularly: To improve your reading comprehension skills, make a habit of reading regularly. Read a variety of texts, including newspapers, magazines, and literary works, to enhance your vocabulary and comprehension abilities.2. Take notes: When reading a passage, jot down key points and main ideas to help you remember important information. This can also assist you in summarizing the text effectively.3. Discuss with others: Engaging in discussions with classmates or teachers about a passage can help you gain new perspectives and deepen your understanding of the main idea. Share your thoughts and interpretations to enhance your comprehension skills.4. Utilize online resources: There are many online resources available to help improve reading comprehension skills, such as practice tests, quizzes, and tutorials. Take advantage of these resources to enhance your comprehension abilities.ConclusionMastering the main idea in reading comprehension is essential for success in the college entrance examination. By understanding the central theme of a passage and utilizing effective strategies, students can improve their comprehensionskills and answer questions accurately. Practice, persistence, and a proactive approach to learning are key to mastering the main idea in reading comprehension.In conclusion, developing strong comprehension skills through a focus on the main idea is vital for achieving success in the college entrance examination. By following the strategies and tips outlined in this article, students can enhance their comprehension abilities and perform well in the reading comprehension section.。
高考英语主旨大意题答题技巧
高考英语主旨大意题答题技巧我们阅读一篇文章，首先是要了解其大意，明确其主旨。
因此，主旨大意题是常考题。
主旨大意题包括：主要内容(main idea， mainly 2匕。
仇)型、文章标题(title)型、写作目的(purpose)型。
一、主要内容型［技巧点拨］弄清文章的大意，关键是找到主题句。
主题句的位置：主题句通常在文首、文末或首尾呼应，有时也在文中，或没有主题句，需根据文章所述内容进行归纳。
各段的主题句也常在该段的首句或尾句。
议论文和说明文一般有主题句，但记叙文通常没有主题句，需要归纳。
找主题句的方法：用浏览法(skimming)，即快速阅读文首、文尾，或每段的首句和尾句等，搜索主题线索和主题信息。
找主题句的四个小窍门：1.段落中出现表转折的词语(如 however, but, in fact, actually, while, on the contrary, in contrast等)时，其后的句子很可能是主题句。
2.首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的回答很可能就是主题句。
3.作者有意识地反复强调的观点，通常是主旨;反复出现的词语，一般为体现文章主旨的关键词。
4.表示总结或结论的话常有 therefore，thus， in short， conclude，conclusion 等。
经典例题1. That' s when Jack arrived on the scene. He was different from any other guy I’ d dated. He could sit for hours on the piano bench with my mother, discussing some composers. My brother Rick loudly announced that Jack wasrf t a turkey like the other guys I' d brought home. Jack passed my family' s test. But what about Dad’ s?What is the main idea of Paragraph 2?A.Jack got the family' s approv al except Dad’ s.B.Jack was different from any other boy.C.Jack was getting on well with Mother.D.Jack knew a lot about piano.答案：A解析：通过第二段的内容可知Jack赢得了作者全家人的欣赏，但由于作者的父亲已去世，作者不知道Jack在父亲那儿是否也能通过，故A正确。
高考英语阅读理解4类题型解题攻略+7大解题技巧
高考英语阅读理解4类题型解题攻略+7大解题技巧题型分类一、主旨大意题这类题在设题时常会用到title, subject, main idea, topic, theme等词。
1.归纳标题题特点：短小精悍，一般多为一个短语；涵盖性强，一般能覆盖全文意思；精确性强，表达范围要恰当，不能随意改变语意程度或色彩。
常见命题形式有：What’s the best title for the text?The best title for this passage is ___.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?2. 概括大意题包括寻找段落大意（topic）和文章中心思想（main idea），常见命题形式有：What is the general/main idea of the passage？Which of the following expresses the main idea？What is the subject discussed in the text?What’s the article mainly about ？解题技巧阅读理解文章多是议论文和说明文，这两种文体的结构可归纳为：提出问题——论述问题——得出结论或者阐明观点。
对于这类文章，抓主题句是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。
主题句一般出现在文章的开头或结尾。
主题句具有简洁性、概括性的特点。
主题句在文章中的位置主要有以下几种情况。
位于段首：一般而言，以演绎法撰写的文章，主题句往往在文章的开头，即先点出主题，然后围绕这一主题作具体的陈述。
判断第一句是否为主题句，可具体分析段落的首句与第二，三句的关系；如果从第二句就开始对第一句进行说明，论述或描述，那第一句就是主题句。
有些段落，在主题句后面有明显引出细节的信号词，如for example, an example of; first, second, next, last, finally; to begin with, also, besides; one, the other; some, others等。
高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧
What is the story mainly about?
It is important to learn a foreign language.
主旨大意
考查学生对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理 解程度及在速读中准确把握文章主旨大意 的能力。
Step 2: Question forms about the main idea
Sample 5 A new eight-kilometer road is under
construction that links the port area with motorway system… As part of the project, two four-kilometer road tunnels are being built below the central area of the city, … The two tunnels are about 20 meters below the surface and are 12 meters wide, providing for two lanes of traffic in each direction. In the upper part of the tunnel two air-conditioning pipes remove the waste gas of trucks and cars and keep the quality of air inside the tunnel. The lighting is at the top of the tunnel, … The wall is made up of four main elements, which include a waterproofing covering and, on the inside of the tunnel, a concrete lining. Each tunnel is roughly round and the lower part of the tunnel is somewhat flat. … along the length of the tunnel. The fire main is at the side of the tunnel and at the level of the road surface. Other systems in the tunnel will include
高考英语阅读理解,主旨大意题解题技巧
高考英语阅读理解,主旨大意题解题技巧高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧一篇文章一般表达一个中心或主题。
这个中心或主题通常用一个句子来概括，此句叫主题句，这类题主要考查读者把握全文内容或理解中心思想的能力。
一、题型介绍:一篇文章一般表达一个中心或主题。
这个中心或主题通常用一个句子来概括，此句叫主题句，这类题主要考查读者把握全文内容或理解中心思想的能力，也包括分析归纳文章段落大意、重要情节、人物特征、写作特点的能力。
一般说来说明文和议论文都有主题句，而且多位于文章的开头，有时也位于文章的中间或末尾。
但有时不能直接在文章中直接找到主题句，在弄清段与段之间逻辑关系的基础上自己归纳总结。
主题句必须能简洁明了地概括全文的主要内容，具有高度的综合性和概括性，文章或段落的其他句子都是对主题句的进一步的解释、说明、论证或拓展。
常见的主旨大意题的考查形式:The text is mainly about ____.The main idea/The general idea/The main purpose is ______.What’s the main point the w riter is trying to make in the last paragraph? What would be the best title /headline for the text?This article mainly tells about the story of ____. What is the topic of the text?The subject discussed in this text is ____. What does the second paragraph discuss? The paragraph (passage) deals with _____. What is mainly discussed in the text?二、主旨大意题解题方法与步骤:略读法是理解全文大意的快速而有效的方法，略读的关键是能抓住文章要点的前提下，以个人最快的速度阅读，主要目的是尽快获得足够的信息以便准确的回答问题，利用略读法去做阅读时，要特别注意首尾两段，要学会寻找文章段落的主题句，这是高效省事地抓住段落要点的捷径，同时也是准确理解文章大意的有效途径。
高考英语阅读理解解题技巧(主旨大意题)
定额市鞍钢阳光实验学校高考阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧在高考阅读理解中，主旨大意题的考查占有十分重要的位置。
掌握所读材料的主旨和大意也是《英语课程》和《考试说明》对考生的基本要求之一。
只有通过阅读掌握了文章的主题，才能正确理解文章，进而根据文章的事实细节推测作者的态度和观点。
主旨大意题主要是测试考生对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理解程度以及在速读中准确把握文章主旨大意的能力。
一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的主题标题或目的设题。
这类题目考查的范围是：基本论点、文章标题、主题或段落大意等。
它要求考生在理解全文的基础上能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维方法，对文章进行高度概括或总结，属于高层次题。
【设题类型】1、概括文章大意；2、选出最佳题目（标题）；3、概括人物特点。
【设问形式】1、标题类常见的标题型题干：1) The best title / headline for this passage might be_____________.2) The text (passage) could be entitled ______________.3) What is the best title for the passage?4) Which of the following would be suitable as a title for the passage?2、大意类常见的主题型题干：1) This passage chiefly deals with ____________.2) What’s the topic of the article?3) What is the subject discussed in the text?4) With what topic is the passage chiefly concerned?考查考生对文章的主题、标题、中心思想的理解程度及辨别主要信息和次要信息的能力。
高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧
主题句也可能出现在段落的中间。有时作者没有写出明显的主题句，考生要学会根据段落
的内容概括出主题句。 常见设问形式有： What is the main idea of paragraph 1/the last
paragraph?What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?What is the last paragraph chiefly concerned
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Good Morning Britain ’ sSusanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa eve ry morning, but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role — showing famili es how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget.In Save Mone y: Good Food , she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef
高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧
《普通高中英语课程标准（ 2017 年版）》提出学生对语篇整体理解的要求。具体的语 言技能内容要求为：从语篇中提取主要信息和观点，理解语篇要义。区分、分析和概 括语篇中的主要观点和事实。
此项考查要求学生通过阅读文章，抓住文章的主旨大意所在，在理解文章内容的基础上，
找到文章大意或段落大意，主要考查学生归纳概括信息的能力。主旨大意题是高考阅读理 解中常考的题型之一，主要考查考生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力。通常以选择文
【分析本】文讲述N了ASA的宇航员受到细菌问题的他困们扰把，该问题交N给A了SA
主旨大意题的解题技巧
主旨大意题的解题技巧主旨大意题主要考察考生对文章主旨大意的概括和归纳能力。
主要有主题型和标题型两类，题干中一般有main idea, topic, title, mainly about等字眼。
1、快速解题法此类题的阅读文章多属于议论文和说明文，其构造特点常表现为：提出问题——论述问题——得出结论或说明观点。
考生对这一构造的掌握，有助于迅速掌握文章的主题，把握文章的脉络，从而快捷而准确地抓住文章或段落的中心思想。
解答此类题目的关键在于迅速抓住阅读文章的主题句。
考生只要找准了主题句，对于阅读理解中的主旨大意题就迎刃而解了。
主题句的显著特点：主题句所表达的意思具有明显的概括性；句子构造简单精练；文章或段落中的其他句子都是对主题句的进一步解释、说明、论证或扩展。
主题句的五种位置：①文首；②文尾；③首尾照应；④文中；⑤没有主题句。
主题句确实定方法：用浏览法〔skimming〕，即只需选读文首、文尾，或每段的首句和尾句等，重点搜索主题线索和主题信息。
2、识别主旨小窍门①段落中出现转折时，该句很可能是主题句。
②作者有意识地反复重复的观点通常是主旨。
③首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的解答可能就是文章主旨。
④提出文章主旨时常伴有的文字提示：therefore, thus, but, however, in short等。
3、答题根本步骤①阅读文章开头几句和最后几句，以便获得有关主题和中心思想的信息。
②浏览文章的其余局部，寻找能支撑和论证主题、中心思想的关键词。
③仔细推敲各个选项，排除有明显错误或无关信息的选项，从而选出最正确答案。
4、推敲正误小窍门①正确选项常含有抽象名词或概括性词语。
②正确选项一般不出现细节信息，不含过分肯定或绝对意义的词。
③那些概括全文、容全面、含义深刻、说明道理的选项一般是正确答案。
④四个选项中，容相近或完全相反的两个选项中往往有一个是正确答案。
⑤干扰项特点：细节信息明显，容片面，以偏概全，只含局部信息，或是一句没有展开论述的话，概括围太宽或太窄，或是此选项没有具体的容。
高中阅读理解——主旨题解题技巧
阅读理解——主旨题解题技巧主旨大意题是高考英语阅读理解中常见命题形式。
主要考查学生把握全文主旨和理解文章中心思想的能力。
主旨大意题包括选择最佳标题（title），概括文章大意、段落大意和判断作者的写作目的（purpose）等。
常见的命题形式是：What does the passage/author mainly discuss?What is the first/second paragraph mainly about?What is the main idea of the text?What is the text mainly about?What is the best title for the text?What can be a suitable title for the text?What's the purpose of the passage?一、最佳标题方法：1、中心句法：根据文章中心句，提炼主题词充当文章标题。
2、当文章的写作对象特点较多时，常用写作对象的名称充当文章的标题。
3、将文章的写作对象和其主要特点、意义或影响整合充当文章的标题。
标题的特点：概括性：抽象、准确、简短，常用一个短语或一句话。
针对性：标题外延恰当，与文章内容相符，避免以偏概全。
醒目性：新颖奇特，激发读者的阅读兴趣。
注意排除标题干扰项：(1)片面性：概括不够。
所给选项只概括了文章的一部分内容，或以文章中的细节或个别字词作为选项，或以次要信息作为标题。
(2)过于笼统或过渡概括：所给选项概括的范围过大，超出文章所述内容。
2018课标全国ⅡD篇We ‘ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.What ‘s the problem? It ‘s possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. It ‘s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it’s awkward and challenging, or we think it’s annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it’s an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn’t even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease(润滑剂)for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast.“Almost every great love story and each big business dealbegins with small talk,”he explains. “The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.”In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction(互动)with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience.“It’s not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband,”says Dunn.“But interactions with peripheral(边缘的)members of our social network matter for our well-being also.”Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk.“Small talk is the basis of good manners,”he says.35.What is the best title for the text?A.Conversation CountsB.Ways of Making Small TalkC.Benefits of Small TalkD.Uncomfortable Silence解析：中心句法。
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高考英语阅读:主旨大意题的解题技巧一、主旨大意题的命题形式主旨大意题旨在考查考生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力，亦即考查考生的归纳概括能力。
这类试题包括要求考生选出短文的标题(title, headline)、短文或段落的主题(subject)、中心思想(main idea)、作者的写作目的(purpose或为传递信息、或为愉悦读者、或为阐述某一道理)等。
这类题的设问方式主要有：(1)The subject of the passage/paragraph is ______.(2)The main idea of the passage/paragraph is ______.(3)The text is mainly about ______.(4)The passage mainly centers on ______.(5)The passage mainly tells about ______.(6)What is the subject discussed in the text?(7)What is the main idea of this passage?(8)What is the passage mainly about?(9)What does the second paragraph mainly discuss?(10)What is the main point the writer is trying to make in the last paragraph?(11)Which of the following is the best title for the passage?(12)Which title best gives the idea of the passage?(13)What would be the best title for the text?(14)What might be the most suitable title for the passage?(15)The best headlines for this newspaper article would be______(16)The main purpose of announcing the above events is to give information about ______.(17)The writer's purpose in writing this story is ______.(18)What is the author's main purpose?(19)What does the writer really want to tell us in this passage?(20)The writer wrote the story in order to______.(21)What is the advice given in the text / passage / article?二、寻找主题句的方法正确的解答这类题目的关键是准确地找出文章的主题句。
一般来说，一篇文章常常会围绕着一个中心思想或一个主要话题展开，而这个话题又常常通过一个能比较全面地覆盖或概括文章意思的句子，即所谓的“主题句”来体现。
那么，主题句通常在哪里呢？(1)主题句在文首；(2)主题句在文中；(3)主题句在文末；(4)主题句以首尾呼应的形式出现在文首和文末。
1. 主题句在文首这类文章写法上的特点是：文章的第一句起着点题的作用，概括了文章的主要内容或信息，下文接着对主题句所涉及的话题进行具体的阐述。
如：(全国高考题)A JINTAN, JIANGSU: The 20 students —18 boys and 2 girls —had a thousand reasons to be proud of themselves. They had just climbed their way to the top rung(阶梯)out of 4 million students taking part in the Fifth National Hua Luogeng Gold Cup Mathematics Contest (竞赛)on Tuesday evening.The 20 gold medal winners are all primary and middle school students under the age of 14."Many of the problems are of college level and these pupils can figure them out. It is just unbelievable!" said a teacher from Guangdong province.Named after China's most famous mathematician, Hua Luogeng, the contest started in 1986, one year after his death. In less than 10 years, it has been recognized by the State Education Commission(国家教委) as the country's biggest and best contest of its kind.This news story is mainly about ______.A. when the contest startedB. how the contest got its nameC. the 20 pupils who have won gold medals in the contestD. the 5th National Hua Luogeng Gold Cup Mathematics Contest【分析】这是一篇报道，文章的第一段只有两句话：“20个学生(2女18男)有充分的理由为自己感到自豪，因为他们夺得了第五届华罗庚杯数学竞赛的金奖，是4百万参赛学生中的佼佼者”，下文接着对竞赛的有关情况进行报道，因此，第一段实际上就是这篇报道的主题句。
A、B、C分别只包含了报道的部分信息，显然不合题意；D选项与主题句的意思完全一致，因此是正确答案。
2. 主题句在文中这类文章写法上的特点是：开始部分是引题，接着是点题，最后是对主题进行叙述，主题句常常起着承上启下的作用。
如：(全国高考题)Fat on human beings is distributed in different ways. Some fat people have a large stomach and no waistline—which makes them look round, rather like apples. Others are fatter below the waist, which makes them appear pear-shaped.There are two types of fat: external fat (fat under the skin) and internal fat (fat inside the body wall). Doctors, who have been examining the relationship between health and fatness, have found that the 'pears' have less internal fat, but the 'apples' have more internal fat than external fat. This seems to be what causes the health problems.The best treatment for fatness is to reduce the internal fat. But unfortunately it seems that dieting (节食) simply makes an apple-shaped person into a smaller apple and a pear-shaped person into a smaller pear. At the moment there is no known way of reducing the internal rather than external fat.The text is mainly about ______.A. fatness and healthB. ways to lose weighC. people's figuresD. distribution of fat【分析】该文的第一段交代了脂肪在体内的分布状况；第二段交代了脂肪的种类及不同种类的脂肪与健康之间的关系；第三段讲的是减肥应该减掉哪一类脂肪以及节食存在的问题。
很明显，第二段，特别是第二段的第二句，起着承上启下的作用，是该文的主题句。
A选项符合主题句的意思，应该是正确答案；B选项与文章的意思无关；可以排除；C、D选项分别只与文章的部分信息有关，也可以排除。
3. 主题句在文末这种写法的特点是：在叙述完某件事情或某个话题之后，用一句话交代事情的结果或对前面的叙述进行归纳。
如：(广东高考题)In 1901, H.G. Wells, an English writer, wrote a book describing a trip to the moon. Whenthe explorers (探险者) landed on the moon, they discovered that the moon was full of underground cities. They expressed their surprise to the "moon people" they met. In turn, the "moon people"expressed their surprise. "Why," they asked, "are you traveling to outer space when you don't even use your inner space?"H.G. Wells could only imagine travel to the moon. In 1969, human beings really did land on the moon. People today know that there are no underground cities on the moon. How ever, the question that the "moon people" asked is still an interesting one. A growing number of scientists are seriously thinking about it.Underground systems are already in place. Many cities have underground car parks. In some cities, such as Tokyo, Seoul and Montreal, there are large underground shopping areas. The 'Chunnel", a tunnel(隧道) connecting England and France, is now complete.But what about underground cities? Japan's Taisei Corporation is designing a network of underground system, called "Alice Cities." The designers imagine using surface space for public parks and using underground space for flats, offices, shopping, and so on. A solar dome(太阳能穹顶) would cover the whole city.Supporters of underground development say that building down rather than building up is a good way to use the earth's space. The surface, they say, can be used for farms, parks, gardens, and wilderness. H.G. Wells' "moon people" would agree. Would you?What would be the best title for the text?A. Alice Cities—cities of the futureB. Space travel with H.G. WellsC. Enjoy living undergroundD. Building down, not up【分析】文章以月球人的问题Why are you traveling to outer space when you don't even use your inner space? 引起话题，接着讲叙了人类目前对地下空间的利用现状，结尾以地下空间开发的支持者的话点题building down rather than building up is a good way to use the earth’s space。