新目标英语九年级第4单元知识点

课题：I used to be afraid of the dark教学目标：学会运用used to句型谈论自己与他人的过去习惯、爱好及经常做的事情教学重难点：used to及与used相关的词的用法主要知识点：1. use v.& n. 使用，用途→adj useful 有用的useless 无用的①use sth. to do sth . 用某物做某事Farmers use horses to do the farm work . 农民用马干农活。

② used to do sth . 过去常常，过去曾经I used to sleep in class → I didn’t use to sleep in class .I usedn’t to sleep in class .③ be used to(介词)+ n. / pron. /doing 习惯于I am used to getting up early .④be used to do sth / be used for doing sth 被用来做…The knife is used to cut apples .The knife is used for cutting apples .⑤be used as 被用作…‘介词as表示“作为…”，后常接名词English is used as a foreign language in China .⑥be used by 被…使用，介词by后面常接动作的执行者The car is used by my uncle .例--- How does Jack usually go to school ?--- He _____ ride a bike ,but now he _____ there to lose weight .A .used to ; is used to walkB .was used to ; is used to walkingC .was used to ;is used to walkD .used to ;is used to walking解析:根据题意可知，此题考查used to do(过去常常做某事)，be used to doing(习惯做某事)，故此题选D. 而be used to do 意为“被用来做…”2. 反意疑问句①肯定陈述句＋否定提问如：Lily is a student, isn’t she?Lily will go to China, won’t she?②否定陈述句＋肯定提问如：She doesn’t come from China, does she?You haven’t finished homework, have you?③提问部分用代词而不用名词Lily is a student, isn’t she?④陈述句中含有否定意义的词，如：little, few, never, nothing, hardly等。

其反意疑问句用肯定式。

如：He knows little English, does he?他一点也不懂英语，不是吗？They hardly understood it, did they?他们几乎不明白，不是吗？注：反意疑问句的答语①如果反意疑问句中的陈述部分为肯定句时，用“Yes+肯定结构”作为肯定回答；用“No+否定结构”作为否定回答--- He enjoys singing , doesn’t he? 他喜欢唱歌，是吗？--- Yes, he does. /No, he doesn’t. 是的，他喜欢。

/不，他不喜欢。

②如果反意疑问句中的陈述部分为否定句时，Yes译为“不”，No译为“是”---You didn’t go to school ,did you ？你没有去上学，是吗？--- Yes, I did . / No, I didn’t . 不，我去了。

/ 是的，我没去。

例：---Jim had nothing for breakfast this morning, _____ ？---_____ . He got up too late .A .had he; YesB .hadn’t he; YesC .did he; NoD .didn’t he; No解析：由nothing可知陈述部分为否定句，故附加疑问部分应用肯定形式，故排除B、D，本句时态为一般过去时，应用助动词did .故选C3. help v.& n. 帮助→ adj. helpful 有帮助的相关短语及句型：help sb. with sth. 在……方面帮助……help oneself to 随便吃……help sb. out 帮助某人解决困难help sb. (to ) do sth .帮助某人做某事with the help of sb = with sb’s help 在……的帮助下4. What’s sb like ? 意为“……是什么样的人？”，多用于提问人的性格、品质等，也可用于提问人的相貌。

--- What’s Alice like ?--- She is quiet and a little shy .注：What does sb look like?用来提问人的长相、外貌，意为“…..长得什么样？”--- What does Tom look like ?--- He has short hair .5. enough ①副词，意为“足够的；充分的”，用来修饰形容词或副词，一般置于被修饰词之后He runs quickly enough .②形容词，意为“足够的；充分的”，在句中作定语修饰名词，名词既可放前也可放后We have enough time to do our homework .③adj /adv +enough to do sth 意为“足够…可以做某事”The boy is old enough to go to school .6. It has been + 一段时间+since + 过去式的陈述句“自从……已经多长时间了”，还可表示为“It is +一段时间+since+从句”It has been four years since I worked in the school .注：since此处用作连词，意为“自从；自从…以来”。

主句常用完成时，且动词需用延续性动词。

Since后接从句，该从句用一般过去时态。

She has taught English since I came to this school .since 还可用作介词，意为“自从…以来”，后接表示时间点的词He has worked there since 10 years ago .例：My uncle has been taught in this school ______ he was twenty years old .A .sinceB .forC .untilD .after解析：since 引导的从句是现在完成时的标志之一。

句意为“自从他20岁起，我叔叔就一直在这所学校里教学。

”7. from time to time =sometimes 有时，时常一般现在时的标志。

8．turn 变成多用于在颜色或性质等方面的变化，强调变化的结果become 变得，成为通常指身份、职位的变化，强调变化的过程已完成get 变得多用于口语，表示一种变化过程，强调“渐渐变得”，其后常接形容词比较级The man turned blue with fear . 那个人吓得脸色发青。

She became an English teacher .In winter , the days get shorter .9. see sb. do sth . 看见某人做了某事指整个过程即：指动作经常发生或刚刚完成see sb. doing sth .看见某人正在做某事。

指当时正在进行的动作。

I saw him playing football on the playground .I saw her run into the room .例：When I came into the school , I saw some boys basketball on the playground .A playB . playingC playsD to play解析：此题考查see sb do sth 和see sb doing sth 的区别，句意为“当我进学校时，我看见一些男孩正在踢足球”，故选B类似用法的单词还有：hear sb. do sth. / hear sb. doing sth .watch sb. do sth . / watch sb doing sth .10. 19-year-old 十九岁的，这是由“数词--名词--形容词”构成的复合形容词，其中间用连字符连接，其中的名词必须用单数。

He is an eight-year-old boy .例：I don’t believe that this ______ boy can paint such a nice picture .A .five years oldB .five-years-oldC .five-year-oldD .five year old解析：根据选项直接排除B、D，又因选项A通常作表语，故选C。

C选项在句中作定语11. take up doing sth . 开始做某事，学着做某事,从事His father took up learning English at the age of forty .12. deal with 处理，应付常与how 连用, 侧重于方式、方法；do with 处理常与what 连用，侧重于对象。

I don’t know how they deal with the problem .I don’t know what they do with the problem .例—I don’t know how to with this math problem .—You can solve it listening carefully in class .A do, byB deal , byC do , inD deal , with解析：how通常与deal with 搭配，故排除A、C, 介词by意为“通过…的方式”，故选B注：在动词不定式短语to deal with 中，必须带宾语I don’t know how to deal with it .13. dare 敢于，胆敢，当情态动词时常用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中。