ELEC1103_Fundamentals Of Elec And Electronic Engineering_2014 Semester 1_Lab 5

合集下载

The fundamentals of electrochemistry

The fundamentals of electrochemistryElectrochemistry is a branch of chemistry that deals with the relationship between electricity and chemical reactions. It is a fascinating field that helps us understand various phenomena that occur both in nature and in the laboratory. This article aims to provide an overview of the fundamentals of electrochemistry and how it impacts our lives.1. IntroductionElectrochemistry is concerned with the study of change that occurs in matter when a current passes through it. In simpler terms, it deals with the conversion of electrical energy into chemical energy, and vice versa. Electrochemical reactions are ubiquitous and can be seen in everyday life - from the battery in our phone to the rusting of iron and the movement of ions in biological systems.2. Fundamental ConceptsThe key concept in electrochemistry is the electrochemical cell, which consists of two electrodes (anode and cathode) and an electrolyte. The electrolyte is a solution of ions that allows the electrical current to pass through it. In a typical electrochemical cell, one of the electrodes undergoes oxidation (loses electrons) and the other undergoes reduction (gains electrons). This is known as a redox reaction and is the basis of all electrochemical phenomena.There are two types of electrochemical cells - Galvanic cells and Electrolytic cells. In a Galvanic cell, the reaction is spontaneous and results in the production of electrical energy. In an Electrolytic cell, external electrical energy is used to drive the non-spontaneous reaction.3. Applications of ElectrochemistryElectrochemistry plays a crucial role in various industries, including energy, health, and environment. The production of electricity from batteries, solar cells, and fuel cells isbased on electrochemical principles. The study of electrochemical systems has helped us develop cleaner and more efficient ways of producing energy.In the healthcare industry, electrochemistry is used in various diagnostic and therapeutic tools, such as glucose sensors, implantable devices, and electrocardiography. Electrochemistry also plays a significant role in environmental protection, such as the treatment of wastewater and the extraction of metals from ores.4. Future DirectionsThe field of electrochemistry is constantly evolving, and there are many areas that still need to be explored. One such area is the use of electrochemistry in sustainable energy production. Researchers are exploring ways to use electrochemical methods to develop new technologies for energy storage, such as using metal-air batteries.Another area of research is the use of electrochemistry in environmental remediation. Electrochemical methods can be used to treat wastewater and remove toxic pollutants from the environment. Researchers are also studying the use of electrochemistry in the extraction of valuable metals from ores, which could have a significant impact on the mining industry.5. ConclusionIn conclusion, electrochemistry is a fascinating area of study that has a wide range of applications in various industries. The principles of electrochemistry are used in the production of energy, healthcare, and environmental protection. As we continue to explore the field, we are likely to discover new ways to harness the power of electrochemistry to address some of the world's most pressing challenges.。

基于单片机的智能照明控制系统设计-毕业论文

基于单片机的智能照明控制系统设计摘要随着电子技术的飞速发展，基于单片机的控制系统已广泛应用于工业、农业、电力、电子、智能楼宇等行业，微型计算机作为嵌入式控制系统的主体与核心，代替了传统的控制系统的常规电子线路。

楼宇智能化的发展与成熟，也为基于单片机的照明控制系统的普及与应用奠定了坚实的基础。

本文介绍了基于单片机AT89C51的室内灯光控制系统及其原理，提出了有效的节能控制方法。

该系统采用了当今比较成熟的传感技术和计算机控制技术，利用多参数来实现对学校教室室内照明的控制。

系统设计包括硬件设计和软件设计两部分。

该照明控制系统的主控制器、分控制器分别是以AT89C51和AT89C2051单片机为基础，实现了通信、信号采集、控制与显示等功能。

使用光电子镇流器，使光源具备自动调节功能。

文中详细地描述了控制电路的设计过程，包括：光信号取样电路、人体信号采集电路、键盘与LED显示电路、RS485通信电路、照明灯控制电路、看门狗电路以及信号处理电路等。

对于软件设计主要有主控制器、分控制器的有线通信程序设计以及灯光控制、定时控制、键盘扫描与LED显示等程序设计。

工作时,光信号取样电路采集光照强弱、人体信号采集电路采集室内是否有人、是否为工作时间等信息并将信号送到单片机,单片机根据这些信息通过控制电路对照明设备进行开关操作,从而实现照明控制,以达到节能的目的。

关键词：智能控制，主控制器，分控制器，单片机，定时控制The Control System for Intelligent Lighting Based onSingle–chip MicrocomputerAuthor: Li GuozhongTutor: Sun ManAbstractWith the rapid development of electronic technology, the system of control based on Single-chip Microcomputer is widely applied in industry, agriculture, electric power, electron, intelligent building and so on. Microcomputer, as the subject and core of the embedded system of control, replaces the traditional system—electronic circuit. At the same time, the development and maturation of the intelligent building have established the substantial foundation for the popularization and application of the control system for lighting based on single-chip microcomputer。

电子医疗器械的电强度 RoHS EMC标准

P
Reference Voltage
Insulation under test (area from insulation diagram)
Insulation Type (1 or 2 MOOP/MOPP)
WORKING VOLTAGE (U) V peak
PEAK WORKING VOLTAGE (U) V d.c.
TÜ V SÜ D
11/11/2014
2014最新医用电气设备符合性测试专题研讨会
Slide 14
怎么判断结果
TÜ V SÜ D
11/11/2014
2014最新医用电气设备符合性测试专题研讨会
Slide 15
8.8.3 电介质强度
在试验过程中，击穿即是不符合要求。加载的试验电压迅速上升导致电流不受控制地增大，也就是说绝缘不能限制电流，此时，就发生了绝缘击穿。电晕放电或单个瞬时闪络不认为是绝缘击穿。
TÜ V SÜ D
11/11/2014
2014最新医用电气设备符合性测试专题研讨会
Slide 16
实操演示
TÜ V SÜ D
11/11/2014
2014最新医用电气设备符合性测试专题研讨会
Slide 17
问题讨论
TÜ V SÜ D
11/11/2014
2014最新医用电气设备符合性测试专题研讨会
Slide 18
2014最新医用电气设备符合性测试专题研讨会
Slide 11
8.8.3 电介质强度
医用电气设备的固态电气绝缘的电介质强度，应能承受表6规定的试验电压。按照表6规定的试验电压加载1分钟，检验是否符合要求： ——在潮湿预处理（如 5.7 所述）之后立即进行，试验时断开医用电气设备的电源，和 ——医用电气设备断电并完成要求的消毒程序（见 11.6.7,7.9.2.12 及使用说明书）后，以及 ——在工作温度达到 11.1.1 中正常使用的最高温度试验中的稳态运行温度后开始，应施加不超过一半规定的试验电压，然后应用10s时间将电压逐渐增加到满值，并保持此值达1min，之后应用10s时间将电压逐渐降至满值的一半以下。

国际大电网会议标准清单

Thyristor controlled voltage regulators Parts 1
and 2
New optical access technology The automation of new and substations： why and how
existing
Optimization of power transmission capability
12. TB 078-1994
13. TB 082-1994 14. TB 086-1994 15. TB 092-1995
16. TB 093-1995
17. TB 097-1995 18. TB 112-1997
标准名称
CIGRE Technical Brochure on Grid Integration of Wind Generation（2009）
Conformance testing guideline for
communication in substations
Static synchronous compensator (STATCOM)
for arc furnace and flicker compensation
Modeling of gas turbines and steam turbines in
47. TB 234 48. TB 235 -49. TB 236 -2003 50. TB 237-2003 51. TB 238-2003 52. TB 239 53. TB 240-2004 54. TB 241 55. TB 242-2004 56. TB 245 57. TB 246 -2004 58. TB 247 -

超短波治疗仪的适用范围

超短波治疗仪的适用范围1、内科：急慢性支气管炎、肺炎、支气管哮喘、胸膜炎、胃肠炎、结肠炎、胰腺炎、消化性溃疡。

2、外科：前列腺炎、肛周炎、肛瘘、痔疮、术后切口感染、颈椎病、肩周炎、腰及骨关节韧带扭挫拉伤、风湿类风湿性关节炎、脉管炎。

3、皮肤科：皮肤溃疡、皮炎、过敏性皮炎、褥疮、带状疱疹。

4、妇科：盆腔炎、附件炎、卵巢囊肿、子宫发育不良、不孕症、月经不调。

5、儿科：肺炎、支气管炎、急性淋巴炎、百日咳、腮腺炎、免疫功能低下。

6、神经科：末梢神经炎、周围神经炎、面神经炎、三叉神经痛、肋间神经痛、坐骨神经痛、神经麻痹。

超短波治疗仪的禁忌症1、恶性肿瘤患者。

2、体内装有心脏起搏器及大块金属异物的患者。

3、严重心力衰竭、传染病患者。

4、器质性心脏病术后患者。

5、有出血性疾病及高烧的患者。

只是需要注意一些事项，防止在操作的过程中导致一些不必要的意外事故。

治疗前注意事项λ将病人身上所带的金属品如：手表、钥匙，首饰品等除去。

λ使有效电场尽量躲开身体内的金属物，如避孕环、骨折病人体内的钢板及镙钉等。

λ病人不能卧、坐在金属床金属椅子上进行治疗，应卧、坐在木质或塑制的床、椅上进行治疗。

λ病人的贴身衣服应能吸水（尼龙、化纤衣服吸水性不好），以免出汗时汗液积集，电磁场密集于有汗液处造成灼伤。

λ石膏绷带不防碍治疗，但湿敷料必须除去。

治疗中注意事项λ衬垫的厚薄以调谐使输出电流最大为宜，此时设备输出功率的效率最高，最有利于延长FU811电子管寿命。

λ衬垫越厚，深部组织热效应越好。

λ在使用不合适厚度衬垫、没有找到最佳调谐点时治疗，将缩短FU811电子管寿命；在该种情况下，通过增大输出档以提高输出电流，将大大缩短FU811电子管寿命，甚至很快烧毁FU811电子管。

λ在不影响治疗效果的情况下，“分档机”推荐输出选择使用1档，3、4挡尽量少使用；“连续可调机”尽可能不超过100ma，这样FU811电子管寿命将大大延长。

λ如果在治疗中突然停电，医务人员必须及时将“输出选择”旋扭退回到治疗“1”档位置, 防止再按启动键时输出过大。

Integrated circuit isolation technologies 集成电路隔离技术

Shallow trench isolation
P-substrate Deep trench isolation
N-well

3
EE 311 Notes/Prof Saraswat
Fully-recessed and semi-recessed LOCOS
Semi-recessed LOCOS Nitride Pad oxide
Isolation
• Oxide isolation
poly
n+
p+
p-substrate
− Used in early days of MOS − Field can’t be implanted for parasitic transistor Vt control − Step height is too much
EE 311 Notes/Prof Saraswat
Isolation
Integrated circuit isolation technologies
AA1
AA2
NMOS
NMOS
PMOS
N+
Field
oxide
PMOS
1
2
3
P-substrate
N-well
Illustration of various leakage paths and corresponding design rules to be considered when designing an isolation structure
Isolation pitch as a function of minimum dimension
Isolation pitch trends

Isis元件库中英文对照

SCR 晶闸管
PLUG ? 插头
PLUG AC FEMALE 三相交流插头
SOCKET ? 插座
SOURCE CURRENT 电流源
SOURCE VOLTAGE 电压源
SPEAKER 扬声器
SW ? 开关
SW-DPDY ? 双刀双掷开关
SW-SPST ? 单刀单掷开关
SW-PB 按钮
BUFFER 缓冲器
BUZZER 蜂鸣器
CAP 电容
CAPACITOR 电容
CAPACITOR POL 有极性电容
CAPVAR 可调电容
CIRCUIT BREAKER 熔断丝
COAX 同轴电缆
CON 插口
CRYSTAL 晶体整荡器
DB 并行插口
DIODE 二极管
DIODE SCHOTTKY 稳压二极管
Switching Devices 晶阊管
Transistors 晶体管（三极管，场效应管）
TTL 74 series
TTL 74ALS series
TTL 74AS series
TTL 74F series
TTL 74HC series
TTL 74HCT series
LOGICSTATE 逻辑状态用鼠标点击,可改变该方框连接位置的逻辑状态
LOGICTOGGLE 逻辑触发
MASTERSWITCH 按钮手动闭合,立即自动打开
MOTOR 马达
OR 或门
POT-LIN 三引线可变电阻器
POWER 电源
RES 电阻
RESISTOR 电阻器
SWITCH 按钮手动按一下一个状态

737NG飞机ELEC灯故障分析

2.如果只有CHARGER指示灯灰色，两个灯都是灰色或两个灯都在闪烁则做以下步骤：（1）更换电瓶充电器M5 （AMM TASK 24-31-21-000-802-002，AMM TASK 2431-21-400-802-002）（2）进行面板BITE测试，如果故障还在则继续。（3）检查电瓶充电器输入电源是否正常充电。如果故障还存在则继续步骤3
故障信息INTERFACE FAILURE分析
当显示接口故障时，先对面板进行BITE测试，如果故障代码消除，则是瞬时故障，如果不能消除，可能原因有： 1. P5-13面板失效 2.线路问题故障隔离程序 1.确保P5-13板组件件号与飞机构型相匹配（单电瓶飞机和双电瓶飞机所需组件件号不同）。（1）如果组件件号不对则更换P5-13板组件（TASK 24-21-53-000-801，TASK 24-21-53-400-801），再次进行BITE测试，如果故障仍存在，则继续。 2.检查P5-13板的安装线路。
1.SPCU,M1720 2.线路 3.P5-13板故障
故障隔离程序
对面板进行BITE测试，如果故障仍在，重置SPCU正常和备用跳开关，再进行 BITE测试，故障仍在则继续。
1.更换SPCU后再进行BITE测试，若故障还在，则继续。
2.拆下SPCU,脱开P5-13上D11714A和D652插头，检测插针间线路，如果线路有问题则修复线路再装上SPCU进行自测试，如果故障仍在，则更换P5-13面板。
a）如果线路之间有故障，则修复线路。 b）如果没有发现故障则更换M6
故障信息AUX BAT CHGR INOP分析
与BAT CHGR INOP分析相同，具体按照FIM手册 24-31 TASK 825排故。
故障信息STAT INV INOP分析

elec的名词解释

elec的名词解释Elec，一词来源于英文"electricity"，在互联网上常用作“Electric”的简称，表示与电子产品、电子科技、电力相关的概念。

如今，随着科技的不断进步，Elec已成为我们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分。

本文将对Elec这一名词进行解释，涵盖其发展历程、应用领域以及对社会生活的影响。

一、发展历程Elec的历史可以追溯到18世纪末，当时科学家开始探索电流与磁场之间的相互作用。

研究的重要里程碑是奥斯丁·阿姆斯特朗于1888年发明的交流发电机，这一发明使得电力能够在大规模范围内供应给人们使用，开启了电力时代的大门。

在20世纪初，随着电力设备的不断改进和普及，电灯、电扇、电冰箱等家用电器开始进入寻常百姓家。

而后的几十年里，电力行业不断发展，诞生了电视、收音机、计算机等革命性电子产品，为人们的生活带来了巨大的便利。

二、应用领域Elec在现代社会中得到广泛应用，涉及各个领域。

下面将重点介绍几个主要应用领域。

1. 通信技术：电子通信技术的飞速发展，引领了信息时代的浪潮。

从最初的电报、电话到如今的移动通信、互联网，Elec技术的不断创新改变了人们的通信方式。

人们可以随时随地通过电子设备与世界各地的人沟通，信息的传递速度大大提高，世界变得更加紧密。

2. 电子设备：从个人电脑到智能手机，电子设备已经深入到我们的日常生活中。

这些设备的发展离不开Elec技术的支持。

电子元件、芯片以及各种电力管理技术的不断创新，使得设备的功能越来越强大，体验越来越便捷。

3. 可再生能源：Elec同样在可再生能源领域发挥着重要作用。

太阳能和风能等可再生能源通过电力转化和存储，为我们提供了清洁、绿色的能源选择。

通过Elec技术，可再生能源的利用效率得到提高，有助于减少对传统能源的依赖，推动可持续发展。

三、对社会生活的影响Elec的广泛应用已经深刻影响了我们的社会生活。

1. 经济发展：Elec技术的进步促进了产业的蓬勃发展。

EAGLE

EAGLE ™10,000OPERATOR’S MANUALFor Machines with Code Number: 11096IM830November, 2005Safety Depends on YouLincol n arc wel ding and cutting equipment is designed and buil t with safety in mind. However, your overall safety can be increased by proper installation ... and thought-ful operation on your part.DO NOT INSTALL, OPERATE OR REPAIR THIS EQUIPMENT WITHOUT READING THIS MANUAL AND THE SAFETY PRECAUTIONS CONTAINED THROUGHOUT.And, most importantl y, think before you act and be careful.Copyright © 2005 Lincoln Global Inc.This manual covers equipment which is nolonger in production by The Lincoln Electric Co. Speci cations and availability of optional features may have changed.Mar ‘95for selecting a QUALITY product by Lincoln Electric. We want you to take pride in operating this Lincoln Electric Company product ••• as much pride as we have in bringing this product to you!Read this Operators Manual completely before attempting to use this equipment. Save this manual and keep it handy for quick reference. Pay particular attention to the safety instructions we have provided for your protection.The level of seriousness to be applied to each is explained below:vv1. Output rating in watts is equivalent to volt - amperes at unity factor.Output voltage is within +/-10% at all loads up to rated capacity.When welding available auxiliary power will be reduced.Internal combustion engines are designed to run in a level condition which is where the optimum perfor-mance is achieved. The maximum angle of operation for the engine is 15 degrees from horizontal in any direction. If the engine is to be operated at an angle, provisions must be made for checking and maintain-ing the oil at the normal (FULL) oil capacity in the crankcase in a level condition.When operating at an angle, the effective fuel capaci-ty will be slightly less than the specified 9 gal (34 L). LIFTINGThe EAGLE 10,000 weighs approximately 575 lbs. (281kg) with a full tank of gasoline. A lift bail is mounted to the machine and should always be used when lifting the machine.ADDITIONAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS• Lift only with equipment of adequatelifting capacity.• Be sure machine is stable when lift-ing.• Do not lift this machine using lift bailif it is equipped with a heavy acces-sory such as trailer or gas cylinder.FALLING • Do not lift machine if lift bail isEQUIPMENT can damaged.cause injury. • Do not operate machine whilesuspended from lift bail.-----------------------------------------------------------------------HIGH ALTITUDE OPERATIONIf the EAGLE 10,000 will be consistently operated ataltitudes above 5000 ft, a carburetor jet designed forhigh altitudes should be installed. This will result inbetter fuel economy, cleaner exhaust, and longerspark plug life. It will not give increased power whichis decreased at higher altitudes. Engine horsepoweris reduced by 3.5% per 1000ft.(3280m) for altitudesabove 377 ft.(1237m).Do not operate a EAGLE 10,000 with a high alti-tude jet installed at altitudes below5000ft.(16,404m). This will result in the enginerunning too lean and result in higher engine oper-ating temperatures which can shorten engine life.-----------------------------------------------------------------------Contact your local Kohler Authorized Dealer for highaltitude jet kits that are available from the enginemanufacturer.•Shut off welder and allow muffler to cool beforetouching muffler.------------------------------------------------------------------------The EAGLE 10,000 is shipped with the exhaust com-ing out on the left side. The exhaust can be changedto the opposite side by removing the two screws thathold the exhaust port cover in place and installing thecover on the opposite side. (Operating the EAGLE10,000 without the cover in place will result in a highernoise level and no increase in machine output.)LOCATION / VENTILATIONThe welder should be located to provide an unrestrict-ed flow of clean, cool air to the cooling air inlets and toavoid heated air coming out of the welder recirculatingback to the cooling air inlet. Also, locate the welder sothat engine exhaust fumes are properly vented to anoutside area.STACKINGEAGLE 10,000 machines cannot be stacked.CONNECTION OF LINCOLN ELECTRICWIRE FEEDERSNote:A constant voltage (CV) power source is rec-ommended for wire feeder applications. TheLN-15 and LN-25 may be used with a constantcurrent (CC) power source, such as the EAGLE10,000, for non-critical applications where weldquality and deposition properties are not critical.Shut off welder before making any electricalconnections.------------------------------------------------------------------------WIRE FEED CONNECTION OF LN-15 ACROSS-THE-ARC WIRE FEEDERThe LN-15 has an internal contactor and the electrodeis not energized until the gun trigger is closed. Whenthe gun trigger is closed the wire will begin to feedand the welding process is started.a. Shut the welder off.b.For electrode Positive, connect the electrodecable to the "+" terminal of the welder and workcable to the "-" terminal of the welder. For elec-trode Negative, connect the electrode cable "-"terminal of the welder and work cable to the "+"terminal of the welder.120 V DUPLEX RECEPTACLESThe 120V auxiliary power receptacles should only be used with three wire grounded type plugs or approved double insulated tools with two wire plugs.The current rating of any plug used with the system must be at least equal to the current load through the associated receptacle.MOTOR STARTINGMost 1.5 hp AC single phase motors can be started if there is no load on the motor or other load connected to the machine, since the full load current rating of a 1.5 hp motor is approximately 20 amperes (10amperes for 240 volt motors). The motor may be run at full load when plugged into only one side of the duplex receptacle. Larger motors through 2 hp can be run provided the receptacle rating as previously stated is not exceeded. This may necessitate 240V operationonly.*Current Sensing for Automatic Idle.(Receptacle viewed from front of Machine)EAGLE 10,000 Extension Cord Length Recommendations(Use the shortest length extension cord possible sized per the following table.)Current (Amps)1520152038Voltage Volts 120120240240240Load (Watts)180024003600480090003060(9)(18)40307560(12)(9)(23)(18)755015010050(23)(15)(46)(30)(15)1258822517590(38)(27)(69)(53)(27)175138350275150(53)(42)(107)(84)(46)300225600450225(91)(69)(183)(137)(69)Maximum Allowable Cord Length in ft. (m) for Conductor SizeConductor size is based on maximum 2.0% voltage drop.14 AWG 12 AWG 10 AWG 8 AWG 6 AWG 4 AWG 120/240 VOLT DUAL VOLTAGE RECEPTACLE The 120/240 volt receptacle can supply up to 38 amps of 240 volt power to a two wire circuit, up to 38 amps of 120 volts power from each side of a three wire cir-cuit (up to 76 amps total). Do not connect the 120 volt circuits in parallel. Current sensing for the automatic idle feature is only in one leg of the three wire circuit as shown in the following column.TABLE lllELECTRICAL DEVICE USE WITH THE EAGLE 10,000.Type Common Electrical Devices Possible ConcernsResistive Heaters, toasters, incandescent NONElight bulbs, electric range, hotpan, skillet, coffee maker.Capacitive TV sets, radios, microwaves, Voltage spikes or high voltageappliances with electrical control.regulation can cause the capac-itative elements to fail. Surgeprotection, transient protection,and additional loading is recom-mended for 100% fail-safeoperation. DO NOT RUNTHESE DEVICES WITHOUTADDITIONAL RESISTIVE TYPELOADS.Inductive Single-phase induction motors, These devices require largedrills, well pumps, grinders, small current inrush for starting.refrigerators, weed and hedge Some synchronous motors maytrimmers be frequency sensitive to attainmaximum output torque, butthey SHOULD BE SAFE fromany frequency induced failures. Capacitive/Inductive Computers, high resolution TV sets,An inductive type line condition-complicated electrical equipment. er along with transient andsurge protection is required,and liabilities still exist. DONOT USE THESE DEVICESWITH A EAGLE 10,000The Lincoln Electric Company is not responsible for any damage to electrical components improperly connect-ed to the EAGLE 10,000.1.Install a double pole, double throw switch betweenthe power company meter and the premisesdisconnect.Switch rating must be the same or greater thanthe customer’s premises disconnect and serviceovercurrent protection.2.Take necessary steps to assure load is limited tothe capacity of the EAGLE 10,000 by installing a38 amp 240V double pole circuit breaker.Maximum rated load for the 240V auxiliary is 38amperes. Loading above 38 amperes will reduceoutput voltage below the allowable -10% of ratedvoltage which may damage appliances or othermotor-driven equipment.3.Install a 50 amp 120/240V plug (NEMA type 14-50)to the Double Pole Circuit Breaker using No. 8,4 conductor cable of the desired length. (The50 amp 120/240V plug is available in theoptional plug kit.)4.Plug this cable into the 50 amp 120/240Vreceptacle on the EAGLE 10,000 case front.*Each duplex receptacle is limited to 20 amps.**Not to exceed 40A per 120VAC branch circuit whensplitting the 240 VAC output.LOADNATIONAL ELECTRICAL CODE FOR ALTERNATE WIRESIZE RECOMMENDATIONS.EAGLE 10,000 APPROXIMATE FUEL CONSUMPTIONARC GOUGINGThe EAGLE 10,000 can be used for limited arc goug-ing.Set the Range switch to adjust output current to the desired level for the gouging electrode being used according to the ratings in the following table:TIG (CONSTANT CURRENT) WELDINGThe K930-[ ] TIG Module installed on a EAGLE 10,000 provides high frequency and shielding gas control for GTAW (TIG) welding processes. Output Control is from the Eagle 10,000. The control on the TIG Module is not functional. After flow time is adjustable from 0 to 55 seconds. A K814 Arc Start Switch is required.The K930-[ ] TIG Module should be used with the EAGLE 10,000 on HIGH IDLE to maintain satisfactory operation. It can be used in the AUTO position but the delay going to flow idle after welding is ceased will be increased if the AFTER FLOW CONTROL is set above 10 seconds. A K814 Arc Start Switch is required.PLASMA CUTTINGK1580-1 Pro-Cut 55Cuts mild steel using the 3-phase AC generator power from the engine driven welder. Accepts 3-phase or 1-phase input power. Requires the K1816-1 Full KVA adapter kit, if connected for 1-phase input power.BATTERY1. When replacing, jumping, or otherwise connectingthe battery to the battery cables, the properpolarity must be observed. Failure to observethe proper polarity could result in damage to thecharging circuit. The positive (+) battery cablehas a red terminal cover.2.If the battery requires charging from an externalcharger, disconnect the negative battery cablefirst and then the positive battery cable beforeattaching the charger leads. Failure to do socan result in damage to the internal chargercomponents. When reconnecting the cables,connect the positive cable first and the negativecable last.HARDWAREBoth English and Metric fasteners are used in this welder.This Troubleshooting Guide is provided to help you locate and repair possible machine malfunctions.Simply follow the three-step procedure listed below.Step 1.LOCATE PROBLEM (SYMPTOM).Look under the column labeled “PROBLEM (SYMP-TOMS)”. This column describes possible symptoms that the machine may exhibit. Find the listing that best describes the symptom that the machine isexhibiting.Step 2.POSSIBLE CAUSE.The second column labeled “POSSIBLE CAUSE ” lists the obvious external possibilities that may contribute to the machine symptom.Step 3.RECOMMENDED COURSE OF ACTIONThis column provides a course of action for the Possible Cause, generally it states to contact your local Lincoln Authorized Field Service Facility.If you do not understand or are unable to perform the Recommended Course of Action safely, contact your local Lincoln Authorized Field Service Facility.HOW TO USE TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDEService and Repair should only be performed by Lincoln Electric Factory Trained Personnel.Unauthorized repairs performed on this equipment may result in danger to the technician and machine operator and will invalidate your factory warranty. For your safety and to avoid Electrical Shock, please observe all safety notes and precautions detailed throughout this manual.__________________________________________________________________________E A G L E 10,000 / L N -25 A C R O S S T H E A R C C O N N E C T I O N D I A G R A MM 20295JapaneseChineseKoreanArabicREAD AND UNDERSTAND THE MANUFACTURER’S INSTRUCTION FOR THIS EQUIPMENT AND THE CONSUMABLES TO BE USED AND FOLLOW YOUR EMPLOYER’S SAFETY PRACTICES.SE RECOMIENDA LEER Y ENTENDER LAS INSTRUCCIONES DEL FABRICANTE PARA EL USO DE ESTE EQUIPO Y LOS CONSUMIBLES QUE VA A UTILIZAR, SIGA LAS MEDIDAS DE SEGURIDAD DE SU SUPERVISOR.LISEZ ET COMPRENEZ LES INSTRUCTIONS DU FABRICANT EN CE QUI REGARDE CET EQUIPMENT ET LES PRODUITS A ETRE EMPLOYES ET SUIVEZ LES PROCEDURES DE SECURITE DE VOTRE EMPLOYEUR.LESEN SIE UND BEFOLGEN SIE DIE BETRIEBSANLEITUNG DER ANLAGE UND DEN ELEKTRODENEINSATZ DES HER-STELLERS. DIE UNFALLVERHÜTUNGSVORSCHRIFTEN DES ARBEITGEBERS SIND EBENFALLS ZU BEACHTEN.JapaneseChineseKoreanArabicLEIA E COMPREENDA AS INSTRUÇÕES DO FABRICANTE PARA ESTE EQUIPAMENTO E AS PARTES DE USO, E SIGA AS PRÁTICAS DE SEGURANÇA DO EMPREGADOR.。

智能变电站名词解释个人搜集

智能变电站 smart substation采用先进、可靠、集成、低碳、环保的智能设备，以全站信息数字化、通信平台网络化、信息共享标准化为基本要求，自动完成信息采集、测量、控制、保护、计量和监测等基本功能，并可根据需要支持电网实时自动控制、智能调节、在线分析决策、协同互动等高级功能，实现与相邻变电站、电网调度等互动的变电站。

智能组件 intelligent combination对一次设备进行测量、控制、保护、计量、检测等一个或多个二次设备的集合。

测量单元 measurement unit实现对一次设备各类信息采集功能的元件，是智能组件的组成部分。

控制单元 control unit接收、执行指令，反馈执行信息，实现对一次设备控制功能的元件，是智能组件的组成部分。

保护单元 protection unit实现对一次设备保护功能的元件，是智能组件的组成部分。

计量单元 metering unit实现电能量计量功能的元件，是智能组件的组成部分。

状态监测单元 detecting unit实现对一次设备状态监测功能的元件，是智能组件的组成部分。

智能设备 intelligent equipment一次设备与其智能组件的有机结合体，两者共同组成一台（套）完整的智能设备。

全景数据 panoramic data反映变电站电力系统运行的稳态、暂态、动态数据以及变电站设备运行状态、图像等的数据的集合。

顺序控制 sequence control发出整批指令，由系统根据设备状态信息变化情况判断每步操作是否到位，确认到位后自动执行下一指令，直至执行完所有指令。

站域控制 substation area control通过对变电站内信息的分布协同利用或集中处理判断，实现站内自动控制功能的装置或系统。

站域保护 substation area protection一种基于变电站统一采集的实时信息，以集中分析或分布协同方式判定故障，自动调整动作决策的继电保护。

4极永磁无刷直流电机仿真结果英文翻译

4极永磁无刷直流电机仿真结果BRUSHLESS PERMANENT MAGNET DC MOTOR DESIGNFile: Setup1.resGENERAL DATARated Output Power (kW): 0.55 额定输出功率Rated V oltage (V): 220 额定电压Number of Poles: 4 极数Given Rated Speed (rpm): 1500 给定额定转速Frictional Loss (W): 11 摩擦损耗Windage Loss (W): 0 风损Rotor Position: Inner 转子位置Type of Load: Constant Power 负载类型Type of Circuit: C2 控制电路类型Lead Angle of Trigger in Elec. Degrees: 0 晶体管导通角Trigger Pulse Width in Elec. Degrees: 120 导通脉宽One-Transistor V oltage Drop (V): 2 晶体管压降One-Diode V oltage Drop (V): 2二极管压降Operating Temperature (C): 75 运行温度Maximum Current for CCC (A): 0Minimum Current for CCC (A): 0STATOR DATANumber of Stator Slots: 24 定子槽数Outer Diameter of Stator (mm): 120 定子外径Inner Diameter of Stator (mm): 75 定子内径Type of Stator Slot: 3 定子槽类型Stator Sloths0 (mm): 0.5hs1 (mm): 1hs2 (mm): 8.2bs0 (mm): 2.5bs1 (mm): 5.6bs2 (mm): 7.6rs (mm): 0Top Tooth Width (mm): 4.62351 齿顶宽度Bottom Tooth Width (mm): 4.78125 齿底宽度Skew Width (Number of Slots) 1 斜槽宽Length of Stator Core (mm): 65 定子铁心长度Stacking Factor of Stator Core: 0.95 定子叠压系数Type of Steel: D23_50 定子材料Slot Insulation Thickness (mm): 0 槽绝缘厚度Layer Insulation Thickness (mm): 0 层绝缘厚度End Length Adjustment (mm): 0 端部长度调整Number of Parallel Branches: 1Number of Conductors per Slot: 60 每槽导体数Type of Coils: 21 绕组类型Average Coil Pitch: 5 平均节距Number of Wires per Conductor: 1 电线每导体数Wire Diameter (mm): 0.71 线径Wire Wrap Thickness (mm): 0.08 线绝缘厚度Slot Area (mm^2): 59.42 槽面积Net Slot Area (mm^2): 54.12 净槽面积Limited Slot Fill Factor (%): 75 最大槽满率Stator Slot Fill Factor (%): 69.1907 槽满率Coil Half-Turn Length (mm): 143.747 线圈半匝长ROTOR DATAMinimum Air Gap (mm): 0.5 最小气隙Inner Diameter (mm): 26Length of Rotor (mm): 65Stacking Factor of Iron Core: 0.95 叠压系数Type of Steel: D23_50 转子材料Polar Arc Radius (mm): 37 极弧半径Mechanical Pole Embrace: 0.7 机械极弧系数Electrical Pole Embrace: 0.699985 电极弧系数Max. Thickness of Magnet (mm): 3.5 最大磁钢厚度Width of Magnet (mm): 38.7594 磁钢宽度Type of Magnet: XG196/96 磁钢材料Type of Rotor: 1 转子类型Magnetic Shaft: No 转轴是否磁性PERMANENT MAGNET DATA 永磁材料参数Residual Flux Density (Tesla): 0.96 剩磁密度Coercive Force (kA/m): 690 矫顽力Maximum Energy Density (kJ/m^3): 183 最大磁能积Relative Recoil Permeability: 1 相对回复磁导率Demagnetized Flux Density (Tesla): 5.85937e-005 退磁磁通密度Recoil Residual Flux Density (Tesla): 0.867073 回复剩磁密度Recoil Coercive Force (kA/m): 690.015 回复矫顽力MATERIAL CONSUMPTION 材料消耗Armature Copper Density (kg/m^3): 8900 电枢铜密度Permanent Magnet Density (kg/m^3): 7800 永磁材料密度Armature Core Steel Density (kg/m^3): 7820 电枢铁芯密度Rotor Core Steel Density (kg/m^3): 7820 转子铁芯密度Armature Copper Weight (kg): 0.729388 电枢铜重量Permanent Magnet Weight (kg): 0.275114 永磁材料重量Armature Core Steel Weight (kg): 2.63935 电枢铁心重量Rotor Core Steel Weight (kg): 1.44611 转子铁心重量Total Net Weight (kg): 5.08996 总重量Armature Core Steel Consumption (kg): 5.44721 电枢铁心消耗Rotor Core Steel Consumption (kg): 1.85836 转子铁心消耗STEADY STATE PARAMETERS 稳态参数Stator Winding Factor: 0.879653 定子绕组系数D-Axis Reactive Inductance Lad (H): 0.021587 直轴电枢反应电抗Q-Axis Reactive Inductance Laq (H): 0.021587 交轴电枢反应电抗D-Axis Inductance L1+Lad(H): 0.0281925 直轴同步电抗Q-Axis Inductance L1+Laq(H): 0.0281925 交轴同步电抗Armature Leakage Inductance L1 (H): 0.00660549 电枢绕组漏抗Zero-Sequence Inductance L0 (H): 0 零序电抗Armature Phase Resistance R1 (ohm): 5.67264 电枢绕组相电阻Armature Phase Resistance at 20C (ohm): 4.6662 20度绕组相电阻D-Axis Time Constant (s): 0.00380546 直轴时间常数Q-Axis Time Constant (s): 0.00380546 交轴时间常数Ideal Back-EMF Constant KE (Vs/rad): 0.981343 反电势常数Start Torque Constant KT (Nm/A): 0.800227 启动转矩常数Rated Torque Constant KT (Nm/A): 1.02912 额定转矩常数NO-LOAD MAGNETIC DATA 空载磁路数据Stator-Teeth Flux Density (Tesla): 1.61237 定子齿磁密Stator-Yoke Flux Density (Tesla): 1.16604 定子轭磁密Rotor-Yoke Flux Density (Tesla): 0.728065 转子轭磁密Air-Gap Flux Density (Tesla): 0.677341 气隙磁密Magnet Flux Density (Tesla): 0.731645 磁钢磁密Stator-Teeth By-Pass Factor: 0.00468801 定子齿旁路系数Stator-Yoke By-Pass Factor: 3.45683e-005 定子轭旁路系数Rotor-Yoke By-Pass Factor: 2.00386e-005 转子轭旁路系数Stator-Teeth Ampere Turns (A.T): 36.1578 定子齿安匝Stator-Yoke Ampere Turns (A.T): 14.5864 定子轭安匝Rotor-Yoke Ampere Turns (A.T): 3.18795 转子轭安匝Air-Gap Ampere Turns (A.T): 323.26 气隙安匝Magnet Ampere Turns (A.T): -377.204 磁钢磁势Armature Reactive Ampere Turns 电枢反应安匝at Start Operation (A.T): 3647.8 启动安匝数Leakage-Flux Factor: 1 漏磁系数Correction Factor for Magnetic 磁路修正系数Circuit Length of Stator Yoke: 0.582455 定子轭磁路修正系数Correction Factor for MagneticCircuit Length of Rotor Yoke: 0.793199 转子轭磁路修正系数No-Load Speed (rpm): 2091.38 空载转速Cogging Torque (N.m): 6.36774e-013 齿槽转矩FULL-LOAD DATA 负载特性数据Average Input Current (A): 2.93027 平均负载电流Root-Mean-Square Armature Current (A): 1.95039 电枢电流有效值Armature Thermal Load (A^2/mm^3): 58.7204 电枢热负荷Specific Electric Loading (A/mm): 11.9199 电枢线负荷Armature Current Density (A/mm^2): 4.92624 电枢电流密度Frictional and Windage Loss (W): 13.0778 风磨损耗Iron-Core Loss (W): 28.9672 铁芯损耗Armature Copper Loss (W): 43.1578 电枢铜耗Transistor Loss (W): 8.92247 晶体管损耗Diode Loss (W): 0.44813 二极管损耗Total Loss (W): 94.5734 总损耗Output Power (W): 550.085输出功率Input Power (W): 644.659 输入功率Efficiency (%): 85.3297 效率Rated Speed (rpm): 1783.34 额定转速Rated Torque (N.m): 2.94556 额定转矩/负载Locked-Rotor Torque (N.m): 40.3887 堵转转矩/启动转矩Locked-Rotor Current (A): 50.559 启动电流WINDING ARRANGEMENT 绕组排列The 2-phase, 2-layer winding can be arranged in 6 slots as below: AAABBBAngle per slot (elec. degrees): 30 每槽电角度Phase-A axis (elec. degrees): 105 A相轴电角度First slot center (elec. degrees): 0 第一槽中心角TRANSIENT FEA INPUT DATA 瞬态数据For Armature Winding: 电枢绕组Number of Turns: 360 匝数Parallel Branches: 1 并联支路数Terminal Resistance (ohm): 5.67264 相电阻End Leakage Inductance (H): 0.00252843 终端漏抗2D Equivalent Value: 二维分析用到的等效数据Equivalent Model Depth (mm): 65 等效气隙长度Equivalent Stator Stacking Factor: 0.95 等效定子叠压系数Equivalent Rotor Stacking Factor: 0.95 等效转子叠压系数Equivalent Br (Tesla): 0.867073 等效剩磁磁密Equivalent Hc (kA/m): 690.015 等效矫顽力Estimated Rotor Moment of Inertia (kg m^2): 0.00149257 转动惯量估计值。

基于PLC的液压机控制系统设计

基于PLC的液压机控制系统设计刘俊,李文(大连交通大学电气信息学院,辽宁大连116028)摘要:针对传统液压机控制系统的不足,为使其拥有更好的性能和人性化操作界面,构建了基于PLC与工业触摸屏的电气控制系统整体结构,设计采用三菱FX1N PLC作为主控核心,实现的功能分别为与上位机的数据交换,对液压机外围硬件电路以及内部阀体控制和对压力、位移、温度的数据检测。

并给出相应的PLC程序及部分上位机界面设计。

应用结果表明,与传统设计相比,该系统既可以实现自动优化运行,又可以满足手动控制的操作要求,提高了工作效率,是机电一体化的典型应用。

关键词:液压控制;电气控制;可编程逻辑控制器;数据检测;人机界面中图分类号:TH137;TM57 文献标志码:B 文章编号:1671 5276(2011)01 0157 04Control Syste m Design of Hydraulic Press Based on PLCL I U Jun,L IW en(E l e ctrica l and Infor m a tion I nstit u t e,Da lian Jiao t ong Un ive rsity,Da li a n116028,Ch ina)Abstrac t:To m ake up f or t he short age in t he traditional control sys t e m f or hydr auli c pr ess,t his paper constructs t he overall s truc t ure of e l e ctrical contr o l sys t e m based on PL C and indus trial touch screen.I n or der t o m ake t his sys t e m has bett er perf or mance and hu manized operati o n int erf ace,M it sub i s hi FX1N PLC is used as the core t o rea lize its f unction data exchange w ith PC,t he contro l of the peripheral hard w ar e c ircuits and int ernal valves,and t he data de t ec tion i n t he pressure,displace ment and t e mperat ure.And ita lso of f ers the des i g n o f t he corr espond i n g PL C procedure and part o f t he PC int erf ace des ign.Runn i n g result sho w s that co m pared w ith t he trad iti o nal des ign,the syst em not on l y can r eali z e the aut omatic op tm i al oper a ti o n,but also can mee t t he perf or mance require ment s f or manual contr o l and m i prove work effi c iency.This is a typica l appli c ati o n ofmechanical and elec trica l int egrati o n.K ey word s:hydraulic contr o;l e l e ctrical contro;l PL C;dat a det ecti o n;HM I(H u manM achine Int erf ace)0 引言转向架可以说是铁道车辆上最重要的部件之一,它直接承载车体质量,保证车辆顺利通过曲线。

An_Overview_of_Artificial_Intelligence_in_Renowned

38An Overview of Artificial Intelligence in Renowned UniversitiesWhen it comes to the most popular fields, artificial intelligence must be not ignored. When takinginto consideration both the salary and the talent gap, there is much room for development in this field.However, as an interdisciplinarysubject, artificial intelligence asks for a comprehensive system of knowl-edge including computer, big data, information and telecommunication engineering, automation and to name a few.For the moment, artificial in-telligence in most top-notch 985universities, especially some powerful engineering colleges among them gains a strong and sound momentum. Let’s take a view of several renowned universities which boast their unique strengths and targeted majors respec-tively concerning this field among col-leges now.39C hinese Academy of SciencesThe Institute of Automation at the Chinese Academy of Sciences enjoys its strengths of research in the field of automation.In May 2017, the Chinese Acad-emy of Sciences set up the School of Artificial Intelligence Technology, which represents the first new school of comprehensively carrying out teaching and scientific research in the field. It was newly established by the Institute of Automation in Chinese Academy of Sciences.T singhua UniversityOn June 28 this year, the estab-lishment of the Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Tsinghua University was announced in Lee Zhaoji technology building. Zhang Bo, a professor of computer science at Tsinghua Univer-sity as well as an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, assumed the position of the first dean.The State Key Laboratory of In-telligent Technology and Systems of Tsinghua University, can be reputed as a significant base at home for talents training and scientific research of artifi-cial intelligence.P eking UniversityThe Department of Intelligent Science and Technology under the School of Information Science and Technology of Peking University was established in 1985 by 10 departments including the Department of Mathe-matics, Computer Science and Elec-tronics of Peking University. It is main-ly engaged in research and the teaching of interdisciplinary studies concerning machine perception, intelligent robots, intelligent information processing and machine learning.Z hejiang UniversityThe Institute of Artificial Intelli-gence under the School of Computer Science of Zhejiang University is one of the earliest artificial intelligence re-search institutions in China. In 1978,scientific research and personnel train-ing in the field of artificial intelligence began. In 1982, the Artificial Intelli-gence Research Laboratory was estab-lished and in 1987 it was upgraded to a research institute.The president Wu Chaohui, and the former executive vice-president of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, Pan Yunhe academics as well as re-nowned experts in the field of artificial intelligence research in these schools. Up to now, as artificial intelligence has ushered in the stage of big data, and Zhejiang University has established considerable advantages in the field of computer vision.H arbin Institute of TechnologyIt is a cutting-edge engineering college that ranks only second to Tsin-ghua University in the national engi-neering colleges’ strength ranking list.In the evaluation of national university subjects, Harbin Institute of Technology’s computer science and technology discipline ranked fourth nationwide and was designated as a national key first-level discipline, and entered the ranks of the top 1% of ESI global research institutions.U niversity of Science and Technology of ChinaThe Institute of Automation of the University of Science and Technology of China gets its reputation both at home and abroad from its achievements with regard to industrial automation, intelligent device control, pattern rec-ognition, and intelligent information processing. It is known as the Huangpu Military Academy in the field of artifi-cial intelligence in China.In addition, the School of Science and Technology at the University of Science and Technology of China is the first national demonstration software college approved by the Ministry of Education and the State Development Planning Commission. The Institute’s research focuses on the four major ar-eas of high-performance computing, intelligent computing and applications, network computing and trusted com-puting, advanced computer systems, and its strength is very strong.F udan UniversityThe School of Intelligent Science and Technology falls under the Brain Intelligence Science and Technology Research Institute of Fudan University. In mid-September, representatives of the 2018 World Artificial Intelligence Conference and forum at the theme of Brain Artificial Intelligence gathered at Fudan University, to discuss the sym-biosis and development trend between artificial intelligence and some frontier fields such as neuroscience, big data and interactive robots.This year, Fudan University starts its official cooperation with Google, focusing on the direction of artificial intelligence development.X idian UniversityAs a member of top three Chinese universities in information and tech-nology, Xidian University has always occupied a leading position in the field of electronic information.According to the information released by Xidian University, Xidian University has ranked first in the num-ber of patents in the field of artificial intelligence, surpassing Tsinghua Uni-versity, Zhejiang University, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Peking University and other 985 top universities. In the past five years, Xidian University has won three National Natural Science Awards in the field of artificial intel-ligence. At present, Xidian University boasts the only national-level specialty of intelligent science and technology.In addition, information and communication engineering, computer science and technology of Xidian have been recognized and selected as world-class discipline construction disciplines.Besides, Nanjing University, Southeast University, Huazhong Uni-versity of Science and Technology, Sun Yet-sen University, Beijing Institute of Technology and other universities of 985 project which boast strength in computer, electronic communications and engineering, are also powerful in this aspect.。

电子信息工程-专业背景（Elec...

电子信息工程-专业背景（Electronic Information Engineering -professional background）Electronic Information Engineering - professional backgroundIt is a frontier subject, and all fields of modern society and people's daily life are closely related to electronic information technology. Many enterprises and institutions engaged in the production, development, sale and application of electronic technology products all over the country. As the pace of reform has been accelerated, such enterprises and institutions will be more and more. In order to promote the development of market economy, training a large number of college level education, to the comprehensive use of the knowledge and skills to adapt to the development of modern electronic technology, engaged in related products and equipment with the professional enterprise production, installation, operation and maintenance, sales and customer service service, new product development and application type of technical personnel and management personnel is the objective need of social development and economic construction, the market demand for this type of talent is growing. To this end, electronic information engineering professionals have broad employment prospects.With the deepening of social information, most of the industry needs electronic information engineering professionals, and the salary is very high. After graduation, students may be engaged in the design, application, development and technical management of electronic equipment and information systems. For example, electronic engineers, design and development ofelectronic and communication devices; as a software engineer, software design and hardware related projects; planning supervisor, some of the big system, the experience and knowledge of requirements is very high; also can continue to learn to become teachers in scientific research work.Electronic Information Engineering - Course IntroductionC languageC language is a widely used computer language both at home and abroad, and it is a programming tool that computer applications should master. C language function rich, strong expression ability, flexible and convenient use, wide application, the target program efficiency is high, can move sex good, not only has the advanced language, there are many characteristics of a vulgar language. Therefore, the C language is particularly suited for writing system software.After the birth of the C language, many of the software that was originally written in assembly language can now be written in C. The beginner is not premature C abuse some easily lead to incorrect details, such as improper use, and side effects. Learning program design, must snow, live, do not die, learn not to use, to draw inferences from others, in the future when needed, can quickly master a new language.Advanced MathematicsAdvanced mathematics is an important basic subject in science and engineering colleges. As a science, advanced mathematicshas its own characteristics, which is highly abstract, rigorous logic and wide range of applications. Abstraction is the most basic and remarkable feature of mathematics. With the high degree of abstraction and unity, we can reveal the essential law of human beings deeply so as to make them more widely used. Strict logic means that in the induction and arrangement of mathematical theories, both concepts and expressions, as well as judgments and reasoning, must use logical rules and follow the laws of thinking. Therefore, mathematics is also a way of thinking, the process of learning mathematics is the process of thinking training. The progress of human society is inseparable from the extensive application of mathematics. Especially in modern times, the emergence and popularity of computer application makes mathematics more widen, modern mathematics is becoming a strong driving force of the development of science and technology, but also widely and deeply penetrated into the field of social science. Therefore, it is very important for us to learn advanced maths. However, many students are confused about how to learn the subject well. If you want to learn advanced mathematics, at least do the following four points:Signals and systemsSignal and system are the core basic courses of communication and electronic information. The concepts and analysis methods are widely used in the fields of Yu Tongxin, automatic control, signal and information processing, circuits and systems. This course aims at the characteristics of web-based courses, and uses multimedia techniques such as graphics, text, sound, image and animation to make the content lively and easy to understand.The course is supported by network technology, which is mainly based on students' self-study. It combines the questions of teachers and students' discussion so as to make the course interactive, open, independent and cooperative.This course from the concept can be divided into two parts of signal decomposition and analysis system, but the two are closely related, according to the continuous signal is decomposed into different basic signal, the corresponding deduced linear system analysis method were: time domain analysis, frequency domain analysis and frequency domain analysis; process analysis of discrete signal decomposition and system is similar. This course uses a continuous, discrete arrangement of knowledge to focus on learning continuous signals and system analysis, and then to understand discrete signals and systems analysis by analogy. The state analysis method is also given in conjunction with two blocks, thus establishing complete signal and system concepts. In addition to the main requirements of the syllabus, stochastic signals are also analyzed by linear systems,The discrete Fu Liye transform and FFT are used to extend the knowledge surface.Circuit analysisCircuit analysis is a higher engineering college of electrical specialty is an important basic course, the course is not only to lay the foundation for the study of the following professional courses, but also for the development of students' scientific thinking, training students to analyze and solveproblems and also play a very important role. The main contents of this course include: the basic concepts and the basic law of circuit, circuit equivalent transform, linear circuit analysis method, basic theorem, containing the ideal operational amplifier circuit analysis of sinusoidal AC circuits, steady-state analysis, mutual inductance circuit, three-phase circuit, periodic non sinusoidal current circuit, dual port network and the first order circuit time domain analysis, time domain analysis, circuit two order Laplasse transform and its application, the state variable method, nonlinear resistor circuit etc..Microcomputer principleThe emphasis of microcomputer principle is to introduce instruction system and interface. It is very important for understanding the hardware principle of microcomputer. If it is necessary to use microcomputer to control and communicate, the principle of microcomputer is a required course. Therefore, the vast majority of professional computer principles as one of the main courses.C language is a programming language between high level language and assembly, also known as the intermediate language, many operating system is implemented in C, such as Unix, Linux, MINIX, communication program, many of the underlying drivers, encryption programs are written in C, the most important reasons is that C language is very close to the assembly language, in other words, the C language is close to the hardware of the computer, but at the same time, the C programming language and is much more convenient than assembly,so many people love C language. Generally speaking, learning computer principle does not need the C language foundation, but to truly understand and learn C language, is the basis of microcomputer principle must have, such as the C pointer operation, understand the structure requires the computer's memory.The communication principleCommunication, as a practical system, is designed to meet the needs of society and individuals, with the aim of transmitting messages (data, voice and images). The development of communication technology, especially in the past 30 years, has formed the main theoretical system of communication principle, namely coding theory, modulation theory and detection theory. In the course of communication principles, there are many ways to use the conclusion or theorem of information theory. Information theory has become a guide to the design of communication systems and communication technologies, especially the ability to tell engineers about the performance limits of communication systems. There is noise in the channel. Noise and interference can not be avoided in the process of communication. With the research of noise and interference, the theory of stochastic process is introduced. The analysis of signals is actually an analysis of stochastic processes.In the field of communication engineering, coding is a technology that can be implemented with hardware or software. In mathematics, there are many codes that can be mapped to different spaces, but only the code that can be generated and recognized in the communication system can be applied. Codingtheory and communication combine to form two directions: source coding and channel coding. Modulation theory can be divided into linear modulation and nonlinear modulation, the difference between them lies in the structure of linear modulation spectrum does not change the modulation signal, the spectrum structure of nonlinear modulation to change the modulation signal, and often have a wider band, so the anti noise performance of nonlinear modulation usually have better than linear modulation. The modulation signal is separated from the carrier signal at the receiver, and the process of reducing the modulation signal is called demodulation or detection.Digital circuitDigital circuit basic course, from the most basic gate circuit speak, until all kinds of common flip-flop, encoder, decoder, memory, sequential circuit and so on the basic composition and working principle. Tutorial patiently expounded the various types of digital logic circuit basics and analysis methods, such as what truth table, what is the competition, adventure, all kinds of binary system why the computer to use 2 hexadecimal. With these basic knowledge, we can teach ourselves and analyze other advanced complex digital circuit knowledge.Edit this paragraph | back to the top of the electronic information engineering enterprise needsWith the advent of the information age, it is assumed that such talent will remain in short supply for a considerable period of time. According to the survey, at present, the demand for electronic information engineering talents is enormous, andthe specialty of electronic information engineering is necessary to alleviate the current contradiction between supply and demand of such talents. The talents of electronic information engineering have become the hot demand of the information society.The electronic information industry is a new high-tech industry, which is called "sunrise industry". According to the analysis of the Ministry of information industry, the "fifteen" period is the key period of the development of China's electronic information industry, electronic information industry is expected to still will be higher than the rapid development of economic growth of about two times the speed of the industrial prospect.The future development focuses on electronic information products manufacturing, software industry and integrated circuit industries;Emerging communications services, such as data communications, multimedia, the Internet, telephone information services, mobile phones and other services will soon expand; there are also noteworthy cultural and technological industries, such as online games. In the information technology support personnel, there are four kinds of talents, such as eliminating technical failure, equipment and customer service, hardware and software installation, configuration update and system operation, monitoring and maintenance. In addition, the demand fore-commerce and interactive media, database development and software engineering is also very large.Electronic Information Engineering - Future PerspectiveThe major of electronic information engineering is to learn basic circuit knowledge and master the method of dealing with information with computers. First of all to have a solid knowledge of mathematics, the physics requirements are very high, and the main electrical circuit; to learn many knowledge, electronics, signal and system, computer control principle, communication principle and other basic courses. Learning electronic information engineering, but also hands-on design, connect some circuits, and combined with computer experiments, hands-on operations and the use of tools is also relatively high. For example, their connecting the sensor circuit, set the communication system with a small computer, will visit some big companies in electronic and information processing equipment, understand the mobile phone signal, cable TV is how to transfer the engineering design, and can have the opportunity to participate in the under the guidance of teachers. Learning electronic information engineering, we should like to study, think, and be good at using our brains to find problems.。

平战结合人民防空工程设计规范DB11 994-2013

3.1 3.2 3.3 3 .4 3.5 3.6 3.7 4
一般规定..........….......….......….......….......….......… ..................9
主体...................................................................................... 11
引用标准名录.............….................................….........................… ..124
条文说明.........................................................….........….........… .....125
配电.............….................................….........….................... 113
线路敷设.............…................................……....................... 照明....................................................................................
防护通风 ...............................................................................83 平战结合及平战...… ..................92 柴油电站通风 .......................................................................96

外研社版职场实用英语交际教程(中级)教学课件unit4

Bill: Sally:
Bill:
Can I ask you some questions about our customers’ views on our gas water heater? Sure. Generally, they are happy about the price and the easy installation of our heater, though we have received some complaints. What are the complaints about? Well, some of them are about late delivery, some about the short warranty period, and others about the slow heating rate. Slow heating rate? Yes. For example, I remember a few customers said that they had to wait for up to a minute before there was hot water. And that’s a waste of water! That’s a part we have to work on. Any other complaint?
职场实用英语交际教程（中级）——Unit 4
Inputting
Language points
职场实用英语交际教程（中级）——Unit 4
Inputting
Scripts
Bill: Good afternoon, Sally! This is Bill calling.
Sally: Good afternoon, Bill. What’s up?