名词性从句精讲精析
名词性从句讲解(最全版)
名词性从句讲解(最全版)名词性从句是一个从句,它在句子中充当名词的角色。
它可以作为主语、宾语、表语、同位语或介词宾语。
名词性从句通常由连接词引导,如that、whether、if、who、whom、whose、which、what等。
1. 作为主语:名词性从句可以作为主语,取代一个名词或名词短语,引导词通常为that或whether。
例如:- What you said is true.(你说的是真的。
)- Whether he will come is still uncertain.(他是否会来还不确定。
)2. 作为宾语:名词性从句可以作为及物动词或介词的宾语,引导词通常为that、whether、if、who、whom、whose、which、what等。
例如:- She asked me what I wanted.(她问我想要什么。
)- I don't know if/whether he will come.(我不知道他是否会来。
)3. 作为表语:名词性从句可以作为系动词的表语,引导词通常为that、whether、who、whom、whose、which、what等。
例如:- The problem is that she doesn't understand.(问题在于她不理解。
)- The question is who will take care of them.(问题是谁会照顾他们。
)4. 作为同位语:名词性从句可以作为同位语,解释或说明前面的名词或代词,引导词通常为that、whether、who、whom、whose、which、what等。
例如:- The fact that he lied surprised me.(他撒谎的事实让我感到惊讶。
)- His belief that she will succeed is unwavering.(他坚信她会成功。
英语语法精析精讲之名词性从句
英语语法总结全集名词和主谓一致一、名词的分类英语中名词主要可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。
1.可数名词可数名词一般都有单复数。
单数时,名词前可加不定冠词a/an;复数时,前面可加数词,名词本身要改成复数形式。
可数名词的复数有规则和不规则两种变化。
规则的名词,只要在单数名词之后加“s”,“es”或去“y”加“ies”就行,如:an umbrella, twelve umbrellas;a factory, three factories。
不规则的名词变化则要靠积累记忆,如:a mouse, ten mice;a policeman, six policemen。
有少数可数名词,如sheep,works(工厂),Chinese等,它们的单复数同形:a sheep, four sheep;a chemical works, five chemical works。
此外,还有一些可数名词只有复数形式,如clothes,trousers,cattle,police,people(人,人民)等。
英语名词中还有一些合成词,它们的复数形式有三种可能:1)后面的部分变成复数形式:grown-ups,boy students,grandchildren。
2)前面的部分变成复数形式:passers-by,lookers-on,sons-in-law。
3)前、后都变成复数形式:men doctors,women drivers。
2.不可数名词不可数名词没有单复数的变化,前面也不能加a/an,或数词。
但是我们可以用量词来表示不可数名词的数量,单复数表现在量词上,如:a piece of paper;two pieces of paper。
在有些情况下,不可数名词也可用a/an,表“一种”、“某种”的意思,如have a wonderful time,receive a good education,be made into a fine paper。
高中英语名词性从句详细讲解.docx
高中英语名词性从句详细讲解一 . 名词性从句考查的焦点主要有以下六方面1.考查名词性从句的语序问题2.考查引导词 that 与 what 的区别3.考查 it 在名词性从句中作形式主语和形式宾语的用法4.考查 whether 与 if 的区别5.考查名词性从句中的疑问词 +ever 引导的名词性从句与 no matter+ 疑问词引导的状语从句的区别6.考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题二 . 名词性从句的含义及连接词名词性从句的含义:在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。
它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为四类:1.that (无含义,不充当成分)2.whether, if(有“是否”的含义,但不充当成分)3. 连接代词: what,whatever, whomever,whose,which,whichever.who,whoever,(在从句中做主语、whom,宾语、表语和定语)连接副词: when, whenever,where,wherever, how, however,why (在从句中做状语)4.as if,as though,because (不充当成分,在名词性从句中只引导表语从句)三 .四类名词性从句语法要点1.主语从句在整个句子中用作主语的从句叫主语从句。
What he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我们说什么,还不清楚。
It is known to us how he became a writer.我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英语晚会将在哪里举行,还没有宣布。
it作形式主语:有时为避免句子头重脚轻,常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首,而把主语从句置于句末。
名词性从句要点讲解
4. The problem is how we can
persuade the young men to stop smoking.
5.That is why he was late.
6.That is what he is worrying about.
7.That is where he was born.
fact, news, message, idea,
suggestion, question, order, problem, belief,thought等.
引导同位语从句的连词通常有 that/whether
例:
The fact that the majority voted for the man surprised many people.
was ready.
5)介词后不能用if.
It all depends on whether they will support us.
The old woman was interested in when and where Tom and Mary had their wedding party.
5、what\who\which + ever和
no matter + what\who\which的区:
①what\who\which + ever可引导名词性 从句和让步状语从句 Whoever breaks the rule must be p unished.
Whatever you do, you must do it wel
② no matter + what\who\which只能引 导让步状语从句。如: No matter who breaks the rule, h e must be punished.
高考重难点名词性从句精讲
词、不定式等非谓语动词的宾语)
在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that从句(真正 宾语) 的句型中不省略
We must make it clear that we mean what we say. 由连词and连接的两个由that引导 的宾语从句中,第二个that 不省略.
表语从句:在句中充当表语成分,一般放在连系动词
之后. 作用:对主语进行解释说明。
3. 表语从句:
在连系动词之后的句子叫做表语从句。
例:问题是谁能去那里。 表语 The question was who could go there. 例:那是他为什么迟到的原因。 That is why he was late. 表语
主语
例:他住在哪里我们都不知道。
Where he lives is unknown to us.
主语
例:不太清楚她为什么迟到。 Why she was late is unclear.
主语
例:这本书怎么销售取决于它的作者。
How the book will be sold depends on its writer .
{I don’t like what he does every day. {
I don’t know about the man, Mr. White. I don’t know that he is a teacher.
I don’t like his job.
2.宾语从句:(object clause) 用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。一般放在及物动词,介
名词性从句
1.主语从句
*名词性从句的特点是
(完整版)高中英语名词性从句讲解(可编辑修改word版)
(完整版)高中英语名词性从句讲解(可编辑修改word版)名词性从句讲解在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。
它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
名词性从句是中学阶段的一个重要语法项目,在历年的高考中几乎都涉及到,并且每年的命题各有变化。
分析历届高考试题名词性从句考查的焦点主要有以下六个方面1. 考查名词性从句的语序问题2. 考查引导词that 与what 的区别3. 考查it 在名词性从句中作形式主语或形式宾语的用法4. 考查whether 与if 的区别5.考查名词性从句中的疑问词+ever 引导的名词性从句与no matter+疑问词引导的状语从句的区别6.考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题语法要点剖析一、名词性从句主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句,在整个句子中所起的作用,相当于一个名词。
因此,这四种从句通称为名词性从句。
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:连接词:that, whether, if (不充当从句的任何成分)连接代词:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.连接副词:when, where, how, why1.主语从句作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。
主语从句通常由从属连词that,whether,if 和连接代词 what,who,which,whatever,whoever 以及连接副词how,when,where,why 等词引导。
that 在句中无词义,只起连接作用;连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用,在从句中充当从句的成分。
例如:What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么,还不清楚。
It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英语晚会将在哪里举行,还没有宣布。
考点08 名词性从句(核心考点精讲精练)(解析版)
考点08名词性从句(核心考点精讲精练)【近年真题考点分布】【思维导图】【知识梳理】➢考点一:宾语从句1.宾语从句的引导词She asked me whether I had returned the books to the library,and I admitted that I hadn't.她问我是否把书还给图书馆了,我承认我还没有还。
Our teacher always tell us to believe in what we do and who we are if we want to succeed.我们的老师总是告诉我们,如果我们想成功的话,就要相信我们所做的事情以及我们自己。
宾语一般放在及物动词或介词之后,但是,在下列情况下,须用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语(常为不定式/从句)后置。
(1)动词find/feel/think/consider/make+it+宾补(形容词或名词)+不定式/从句(2)动词hate/ like/ dislike/ appreciate/enjoy+it+从句(3)短语动词see to/ depend on/rely on+it+从句(4)固定搭配take it for granted that/owe it to sb.that+从句No matter where he is,he makes it a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.无论他在哪里,他都定了一个规矩——早餐前散步。
I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent.你不在的时候,我负责把他照顾好。
I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day.我认为我们每天多喝白开水是有必要的。
高中英语语法-名词性从句精讲(共73张PPT)
Whoever wants the book may have it. I’ll do whatever I can to help him. Buy whichever is cheapest.
连接副词 when, where, how, why
when • When they will start is unknown yet. where • Where she has gone is a mystery. how • How this happened is not clear. why • Why he did that wasn’t quite unclear.
主语从句关联词 连词 that, whether 连接代词 what, who, whom, which 连接副词 when, where, how, why
连词 that, whether
只起连接作用 在从句中不充当任何句子成分
• That he will win is certain.
• It has been reported that sales of beef in China will increase.
宾语从句关联词 连词 that, whether; if 连接代词 what, who, whom, whose, which 连接副词 when, where, how, why
• I doubt _______ he will come soon. • I do not doubt _____ he will come soon. • Do you doubt _____ he will come soon?
• what surprised me was what he said.
高中英语名词性从句精讲
高中英语名词性从句精讲从句是相对于主句而言的,即它是从属于某一个主句,而不能单独作一个句子。
在英语中,主要有三大从句,即名词性从句(包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句)、形容词性从句(即定语从句)、副词性从句(即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等)。
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses)。
名词从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:(1)从属连接:that, whether, if(不充当从句的任何成分)(2)连接代词:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.(3)连接副词:when, where, how, why名词性从句知识点汇总1名词性从句的分类名词性从句,包括四种从句,即主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。
因为主语、宾语、表语、同位语这四种成分均可以由名词构成,所以这四种从句在主句中都充当了名词的作用,故将这四种从句统称为名词性从句。
如:1.That she will help me made us happy.(主语从句)2.I can understand what he said.(宾语从句)3.This is where I was born.(表语从句)4.The fact that a heavy earthquake happened made me crazy.(同位語从句)2名词性从句的连接词分类1.that(无含义,不充当成分)2.whether,if(有“是否”的含义,但不充当成分)3.连接代词:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever.(在从句中做主语、宾语、表语和定语)连接副词:when, whenever, where, wherever, how, however, why (在从句中做状语)4. as if,as though,because(不充当成分,在名词性从句中只引导表语从句)3连接词 that 在名词性从句中可以省略的三种情况1.it 做形式主语,that引导主语从句时It is said (that) he has been studying abroad.据说他一直在国外学习。
2023届高考英语语法难点:名词性从句考点讲义
2023届高考英语语法难点讲义:名词性从句考点精析1. that省略问题①只有用在单一的宾语从句才可以省略;②而在并列宾语从句和主语从句、表语从句以及同位语从句都不可以省略。
If we are serious about ensuring (that)our science is both meaningful and reproducible, we must ensure (that)our institutions encourage that kind of science.如果我们真的要确保我们的科学既有意义又可复制,我们就必须确保我们的机构鼓励这种科学。
(动词后只有一个宾语从句,that可以省略)To realize how great was the dramatic activity, we must rememberfurther that hosts of plays have been lost, and that probably there is no authorof note whose entire work has survived.要想认识到戏剧活动的伟大之处,我们必须进一步记住,许多戏剧已经消失,而且可能没有一位著名作者的全部作品留存下来。
(remember后面跟着两个宾语从句,that不可以省略)2. whether& if替换问题只有在宾语从句中,whether可以用if替换,但是下面的几种情况例外:①whether or not搭配(三个词紧跟一起只能用whether,如果or not放结尾依然可以使用if替换);②介词+whether。
③在动词不定式之前只能用whether;④宾语从句放在句首表示强调时,只能用whether;⑤用if引起歧义时,只用whether。
Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life we cannot help considering whether or not we are forming the powers whichwill secure this ability.由于我们对他们(年轻人)所做的首要工作在于使他们能够在生活中彼此融合,所以我们就禁不住考虑自己是否正在形成一种确保他们获得这种能力的力量。
名词性从句精讲精析
名词性从句精讲精析——主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句名词性从句是由if, whether, that 和各种疑问词充当连接词所引导的从句(what,which,who,whose;when,where,how,wh y等),其功能同名词一样。
一.主语从句主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。
1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较It 作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词没有变化。
而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。
被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。
例如:It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.It doesn’t interest me whether you succedor not.It is in the morning that the murder took place.It is John that/who broke the window.2. 用it 作形式主语的结构(1) It is +名词+从句It is a fact that…事实是…It is an honor that…非常荣幸It is common knowledge that…是常识(2) It is +形容词+从句It is natural that…很自然…It is strange that…奇怪的是…It is obvious that…明显的是…It is important that…重要的是…It is necessary that…必要的是…(3) It is +不及物动词+从句It seems that…似乎…It happened that…碰巧…It appears that…好象/看来…(4) It is+过去分词+从句It is reported that…据报道…It’s said that…据说…It’s believed that…人们相信…It’s hoped that…人们希望…It’s thought that…人们认为…It’s announced that…据宣布…It has been proved that…已证实…3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况(1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。
专题02名词性从句八大考点归纳(讲义)-2024年高考英语语法知识清单外刊原创语法填空
专题02 名词性从句八大考点归纳(讲义)解析版讲义目录考点清单一、that和what典型用法归纳P2 考点清单二、连词if和whether典型用法归纳P3 考点清单三、what和how引导的宾语从句的典型用法P4 考点清单四、wh- ever类从句典型用法归纳P4 考点清单五、两种典型的同位语从句归纳P5 考点清单六、it作形式主语/宾语的名词性从句P6 考点清单七、名词性从句中虚拟语气用法P7 考点清单八、名词性从句中的时态照应P8 分类训练(一)高考真题P10 分类训练(二)模拟试题P11 分类训练(三)单句改错P11 分类训练(四)句式升级(书面表达真题)P12 分类训练(五)外刊原创语法填空P13 (一)二十四节气之大暑来历及风俗 P13(二)传统茶与咖啡混合饮料成为新时尚 P14(三)中国新能源汽车正在进入德国汽车市场P15考点清单一、that和what典型用法归纳要点精讲:①that是连词,只起连接作用,不作句子成分。
②what是连接代词,既起连接作用,又充当句子主语、宾语、定语、表语等。
③特别注意what的替代功能,相当于the thing/time/place/speed that…。
That she lacks experience is obvious. 她缺少经验,这是显然的。
(that引导主语从句,但不作句子成分)My idea is that you shouldn’t have left the country. 我的意见是你不应该离开那个国家。
(that引导表语从句,但不作句子成分)Bob has the mistaken idea that tomorrow is a holiday. 鲍勃错误地认为明天是一个假日。
(that引导同位语从句,但不作句子成分)What he had hoped at last came true. 他希望的事终于成为现实。
(what引导主语从句,且作从句宾语)It was what he meant rather than what he said. 这是他的原意而不是他的原话。
(完整版)名词性从句讲解与练习答案解析版
名词性从句在句子中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句。
名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词性从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。
引导名词性从句的词叫做连接词,包括:1. 连词(在名词性从句中只起连接作用,不作成分)2. 连接代词(在名词性从句中作主语、宾语或表语)3. 连接副词(在名词性从句中作状语)所有的名词性从句的语序都是陈述句语序。
主语从句:是在主句中作主语的从句。
它由连接词引导,通常位于谓语动词之前。
连接词:1. 连词:在从句中不充当任何成分,常见的引导主语从句的连词有that, whether。
That he got the first prize excited him much.他获得一等奖一事使他非常兴奋。
It is doubtful whether we can get there on time.我们能否按时到达那儿还不确定。
1)that引导的主语从句:在从句中不作任何成分,也没有实际意义。
一般情况下that不可省略。
That light travels in straight lines is known to all.众所周知,光沿直线传播。
That you don't like him is none of my business.你不喜欢他不关我的事。
2)whether引导的主语从句:常置于句首,表示“是否”之意;if一般不引导主语从句。
Whether he can finish his task on time is of greatimportance.他是否能按时完成任务非常重要。
Whether you can succeed or not depends on how hard you work at it.你能否成功取决于你努力的程度。
连接代词:在从句中起名词或代词的作用,常作从句的主语、宾语、表语或定语,有具体意义且不能省略。
(完整版)高中英语名词性从句讲解(可编辑修改word版)
名词性从句讲解在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。
它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
名词性从句是中学阶段的一个重要语法项目,在历年的高考中几乎都涉及到,并且每年的命题各有变化。
分析历届高考试题名词性从句考查的焦点主要有以下六个方面1. 考查名词性从句的语序问题2. 考查引导词that 与what 的区别3. 考查it 在名词性从句中作形式主语或形式宾语的用法4. 考查whether 与if 的区别5.考查名词性从句中的疑问词+ever 引导的名词性从句与 no matter+疑问词引导的状语从句的区别6.考查名词性从句的虚拟语气问题语法要点剖析一、名词性从句主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句,在整个句子中所起的作用,相当于一个名词。
因此,这四种从句通称为名词性从句。
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:连接词:that, whether, if (不充当从句的任何成分)连接代词:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.连接副词:when, where, how, why1.主语从句作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。
主语从句通常由从属连词 that,whether,if 和连接代词 what,who,which,whatever,whoever 以及连接副词 how,when,where,why 等词引导。
that 在句中无词义,只起连接作用;连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用,在从句中充当从句的成分。
例如:What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么,还不清楚。
It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英语晚会将在哪里举行,还没有宣布。
名词性从句全面讲解
名词性从句全面讲解名词性从句是英语中的一种从属从句,它在句中充当名词的功能。
名词性从句可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语和同位语等,并且可以由不同的引导词引导。
本文将全面讲解名词性从句的基本概念、用法及常见的引导词。
一、名词性从句的概念名词性从句是由一个词或一个词组引导的从句,它在句子中充当名词的角色。
名词性从句通常出现在复杂的句子中,起到连接主句和从句的作用。
名词性从句的引导词有很多种类,常见的有:that, whether, if, what, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, why等。
二、名词性从句的用法名词性从句可以在句子中作不同的成分,下面分别介绍其主要用法。
1. 名词性从句作主语名词性从句可以作为主语来引导句子,常用的引导词有:- That: That he is innocent surprises me.(他是无辜的让我吃惊。
)- Whether/If: Whether he will come or not is uncertain.(他是否会来还不确定。
)- What: What you said is true.(你说的是真的。
)2. 名词性从句作宾语名词性从句可以作为宾语来引导句子,常用的引导词有:- That: I know that he is a doctor.(我知道他是个医生。
)- Whether/If: I wonder whether/if it will rain tomorrow.(我想知道明天是否会下雨。
)- What: I don't understand what he is saying.(我不明白他在说什么。
)3. 名词性从句作表语名词性从句可以作为表语来引导句子,常用的引导词有:- That: The truth is that she is not happy.(事实是她不幸福。
)- Whether/If: The question is whether/if we should go or not.(问题是我们是否应该去。
高考英语名词性从句精析(语法重点、解题步骤、易犯错误)
when,whether,
(if 不可用于该从句
That 在从句不充当成分 , 但不可省 . 其他 wh- 词在从句中一定要充当一个正确的成分
(whether 除外 ) 所以不可省略 .
(if 不可用于该从句
* 特别注意 :(1) what,which,who,whose(+n)
在从句中可充当主语 , 宾语或表语
order 等 ) 后面可用 that 或 wh-词引导一个同位语从句 , 对其前面的名词的内容做补充说明 :
The announcement that a new airport was to be built nearby made us excited.
S1
同位语从句
P1
We
heard the news that the war had broken out between America and Iraq.
表语从句及同位语从句时,见例④。
①I worry about whether I hurt his feelings.
②She wasn ’ t sure whether she should laugh or cry.
③Whether he will come or not I don
’ t quite know.
“ the Long Beach ”
(what 在从句中作 _____语)
4. 同位语从句 : 名词 ( 有内容或信息含义 ) + that / wh- 词 + S + P + 其他
同位语从句 ( 补充说明前面名词的内容 )
* 名词性从句解题时易犯的错误 :
错误类型一: that 与 what 的混用
(完整版)高中英语名词性从句讲解
适用文档名词性从句解说在复合句中起名作用的从句叫做名性从句。
它包含主从句、从句、表从句和同位从句。
名性从句是中学段的一个重要法目,在年的高考取几乎都波及到,而且每年的命各有化。
解析届高考名性从句考的焦点主要有以下六个方面1.考名性从句的序2.考引 that与 what 的区3.考 it 在名性从句中作形式主或形式的用法4.考 whether 与 if 的区5.考名性从句中的疑+ever 引的名性从句与no matter+ 疑引的状从句的区6.考名性从句的虚气法重点解析一、名性从句主从句、表从句、从句、同位从句,在整个句子中所起的作用,相当于一个名。
所以,四种从句通称名性从句。
引名性从句的接可分三:接: that, whether, if(不充任从句的任何成分)接代: what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.接副: when, where, how, why1.主从句作句子主的从句叫主从句。
主从句往常由附属that ,whether ,if和接代what ,who,which ,whatever , whoever 以及接副 how, when, where, why 等引。
that 在句中无,只起接作用;接代和接副在句中既保存自己的疑含、又起接作用,在从句中充任从句的成分。
比如:What he wants to tell us is not clear.他要跟我什么,不清楚。
It is known to us how he became a writer.我都知道他是如何成一名作家的。
Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.英晚会将在哪里行,没有宣告。
有防止句子重脚,常用形式主it取代主从句作形式主放于句首,而把主从句置于句末。
主从句后的一般用数形式。
语法专项·精讲—名词性从句
︱高中总复习︱一轮·英语
考点三 what,wh-ever引导的名词性从句 1.what引导名词性从句时,what在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语。
“Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.” This is what my mother used to tell me.
︱高中总复习︱一轮·英语
名词性从句
语法专项·精讲 跟踪训练·运用
︱高中总复习︱一轮·英语
语法专项·精讲
细筛选·巧拓展
考点一 名词性从句的种类
1.主语从句
it作形式主语,常见的句型有:
(1)It+be+形容词(obvious,true, natural, surprising, important, good,
︱高中总复习︱一轮·英语
8.Your support is important to our work.You can do 9.The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is
entirely free from dust.
helps. one can be
2.表语从句 (1)because引导的表语从句强调原因,而why引导的表语从句强调结果。 If I’m a bit sleepy,it’s because I was up all night. 如果我有点困,是因为一夜没睡。 That’s why I object to the plan. 这就是我反对这个计划的原因。
︱高中总复习︱一轮·英语
4.However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain
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一、引导名词性从句的连接词连接词:that, whether, if (不充当从句的任何成分)连接代词:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.连接副词:when, where, how, why不可省略的连词: 1. 介词后的连词 2. 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。
That she was chosen made us very happy.We heard the news that our team had won.比较:whether与if 均为“是否”的意思。
在下列情况下,whether 不能被if 取代:1. whether引导主语从句且在句首,如:Whether he will come is not clear.2. 引导表语从句3. whether从句作介词宾语4. 从句后有“or not”大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末,用 it充当形式主语。
It is not important who will go. It is still unknown which team will win the match.二、名词性that-从句1)由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句。
That只起连接主句和从句的作用,在从句中不担任任何成分,本身也没有词义。
名词性that-从句在句中能充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语和形容词宾语:主语:That he is still alive is because of luck.他还活着全靠运气。
宾语:John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。
表语:The fact is that he has not been seen recently.事实是近来谁也没有见过他。
同位语:The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.近来谁也没有见过他,这一事实令办公室所有的人不安。
形容词宾语:I am glad that you are satisfied with your job. 你对工作满意我感到很高兴。
2)that - 从句作主语通常用it作先行词,而将that-从句置于句末:It is quite clear that the whole project is going to be a failure.很清楚,整个计划即将失败。
It's a pity that you should have to leave.你非走不可真是件憾事。
it作形式主语的that - 从句:a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句It is necessary that…有必要……It is important that…重要的是……It is obvious that…很明显……b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句It is believed that…人们相信……It is known to all that…众所周知……It has been decided that…已决定……c. It + be +名词+ that-从句It is common knowledge that………是常识It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是……It is a fact that…事实是……d. It +不及物动词+ that-分句It appears that…似乎……It happens that…碰巧……It occurred to me that…我突然想起……三、名词性wh-从句1)由wh-词引导的名词从句叫做名词性wh-从句。
who, whom, whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever等连接代词和where, when, how, why等连接副词。
Wh-从句的语法功能充当介词宾语、宾语补语和间接宾语等:主语: How the book will sell depends on its author.书销售如何取决于作者本人。
直接宾语:In one's own home one can do what one likes.在自己家里可以随心所欲。
间接宾语:The club will give whoever wins a prize.俱乐部将给得胜者设奖。
表语: My question is who will take over president of the Foundation.我的问题是谁将接任该基金会主席职位。
宾语补足语:She will name him whatever she wants to. 她高兴给他起什么名字就取什么名字。
同位语:I have no idea when he will return.我不知道他什么时候回来。
形容词宾语:I'm not sure why she refused their invitation.我尚不能肯定她为什么拒绝他们的邀请。
介词宾语:That depends on where we shall go.那取决于我们去哪儿。
2)Wh-从句作主语也常用先行词it做形式主语,而将wh-从句置于句末:It is not yet decided who will do that job.还没决定谁做这项工作。
It remains unknown when they are going to get married.他们何时结婚依然不明。
四、 if, whether引导的名词从句1)yes-no型疑问从句从属连词if, whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问转化而来的,也被称为yes-no型疑问句从句和选择型疑问从句:主语:Whether the plan is feasible remains to be proved. 这一计划是否可行还有待证实。
宾语:Let us know whether / if you can finish the article before Friday.请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把文章写完。
表语:The point is whether we should lend him the money.问题在于我们是否应该借钱给他。
同位语:They are investigating the question whether the man is trustworthy.他们调查他是否值得信赖。
形容词宾语: She's doubtful whether we shall be able to come.她怀疑我们是否能够前来。
介词宾语: I worry about whether he can pass through the crisis of his illness.我担心他是否能度过疾病的危险期。
2)选择性疑问从句选择性疑问从句由关联词if/whether…or或whether…or not构成:Please tell me whether / if they are Swedish or Danish. 请告诉我他们是瑞典人还是丹麦人。
I don't care whether you like the plan or not.我不在乎你是否喜欢该计划。
五、否定转移1) 将think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中,即主句的谓语动词用否定式,而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
I don't think I know you.我想我并不认识你。
I don' t believe he will come.我相信他不回来。
注意:若谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。
I hope you weren't ill. 我想你没有生病吧。
2) 将seem, appear 等后的从句的否定转移到前面。
It doesn't seem that they know where to go.看来他们不知道往哪去。
It doesn't appear that we'll have a sunny day tomorrow.看来我们明天不会碰上好天气。
3) 有时将动名词,介词短语或整个从句的否定转变为对谓语动词的否定。
I don't remember having ever seen such a man.我记得从未见过这样一个人。
(not否定动名词短语having…)It's not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street. 在这里,人们不会想到在街上会碰上陌生的人。
(anyone 作主语,从句中的谓语动词不能用否定形式。
)4) 有时状语或状语从句中否定可以转移到谓语动词前。
The ant is not gathering this for itself alone.(否定状语)蚂蚁不只是为自己采食。
He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle said so. (否定because状语) 他并不因亚里斯多德说过如何如何,就轻信此事。
She had not been married many weeks when that man's younger brother saw her and was struck by her beauty.(否定状语many weeks)她结婚还不到几个月,这个人的弟弟就看见她了,并对她的美貌着了迷。