2014年高考试题(上海卷)英语Word版含部分解析
2014年高考真题(英语)大纲卷 纯Word版解析可编辑
2014·全国大纲卷第Ⅰ卷第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
21. [2014·全国大纲卷] —I'm sorry for breaking the cup.—Oh, ________—I've got plenty.A. forget itB. my pleasureC. help yourselfD. pardon me21．A考查情景交际。
句意：“对不起，打坏了你的杯子。
”“噢，没关系。
我还有很多呢。
”此处forget it意为“得了吧，算了吧，没关系”。
根据句意选A。
22. [2014·全国大纲卷] Unless some extra money ________，the theatre will close.A. was foundB. findsC. is foundD. found22．C考查动词的时态和语态。
句意：除非找到一些额外的钱，否则剧院将会倒闭。
根据主句的将来时态可知，状语从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时，因为find和money之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。
故选C。
23. [2014·全国大纲卷] Today there are more airplanes ________ more people than ever before in the skies.A. carryB. carryingC. carriedD. to be carrying23．B考查非谓语动词。
句意：现在天空中比以前有更多的飞机运送更多的乘客。
此处airplane和carrying之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。
故选B。
24. [2014·全国大纲卷] Exactly ________ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.A. whetherB. whyC. whenD. how24．C考查主语从句的连接词。
2014年高考真题——英语(新课标II)word版含答案
2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试新课标II卷英语本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答案卡一并交回。
注意事项：1．答第I卷前考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．选出每小题答案前，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号框,不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5个小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A B C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A. ￡19.15B.￡9.18C. ￡9.15答案是C1.What does the woman want to do?A.Find a placeB.Buy a mapC.Get an address2.What will the man do for the woman?A.Repair her carB.Give her a rideC.Pick up her aunt3.Who might Mr.Peterson be?A.A new professor.B.A departmet head.C.A company director4.What does the man think of the book?A.Quite difflcultB.Very interestingC.Too simple5. What are the speakers talking about?A.WeatherB.ClothesC.News第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或对白，每段对话或对白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题。
2014年上海市高考英语试卷及答案完美解析(word版)
2014年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分.试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(笫1—12页）和第Ⅱ卷(第13页），全卷共13页.所有答題必须涂(选择题)或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分.3.答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上,在答題纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第I卷 (共103分）I。
Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers。
At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said。
The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once。
After you hear a conversation and the question about it，read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard。
1。
A. policewoman.B。
A judge。
C. A reporter。
D. A waitress.2. A. Confident。
B. Puzzled。
C. Satisfied。
D。
Worried.3.A。
At a restaurant.B。
At a car rental agency。
C. In a bank。
D。
In a driving school.4.A. A disaster. B。
2014年高考真题英语(上海卷)解析版Word版含解析
2014上海高考真题解析Listening Comprehension（Omitted）Grammar and vocabularySection APassage A25. 本题考查非限定性定语从句。
由于先行词为New York，故填关系副词where引导定语从句，同时在从句中做状语。
26. 本题考查不定式在句中做目的状语。
根据后面内容some money to pay the daily expenses （一些钱来支付日常费用）可知，是为了赚钱，故填To earn。
27. 本题考查状语从句的连词。
根据设空以及后面内容I was offered a good position, I would resign at once（我被提供一个好职位，我就马上辞职）的逻辑关系可知，这里填“一……就……”或“只要……”。
故此处填as soon as 或as long as。
28. 本题考查过去分词表示“人的心理感受”。
句意为：经过一段时间，高额的生活费用成了我本来就已经疲惫的肩膀上的负担。
故填exhausted。
29. 本题考查条件状从句的连词。
根据句意…I want to have a better career advancement, I had to find work in the city“……我想要一个更好的职业发展，我就不得不在城市里找工作”可知，前句表示条件，故填if。
30. 本题考查名词性从句的连词。
根据句式结构可知，本句是一个主语从句做主语，而连词又在从句中做动词had told的宾语，故填连接代词what。
31. 本题考查短语have difficulty in doing sth的搭配，故本空填adapting。
32. 本题考查考查倒装句。
由于从句Not until I returned位于句首，且有否定词，因此句子用部分倒装结构，再根据句子的时态---一般过去时，故填did。
2015高考必做2014年高考真题word版可编辑原题及逐题详细解析—海南用卷英语真题试题+答案解析
2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标II卷）英语试题本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。
第I卷第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑．AArriving in Sydney on his own from India, my husband, Rashid, stayed in a hotel for a short time while looking for a short time while looking for a house for me and our children.During the first week of his stay, he went out one day to do some shopping. He came back in the late afternoon to discover that his suitcase was gone. He was extremely worried as the suitcase had all his important papers, including his passport.He reported the case to the police and then sat there，lost and lonely in strange city, thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organized again from a distant country while trying to settle down in a new one.Late in the evening, the phone rang. It was a stranger. He was trying to pronounce my husband‘s name and was asking him a lot of questions. Then he said they had found a pile of papers in their trash can（垃圾桶）that had been left out on the footpath.My husband rushed to their home to find a kind family holding all his papers and documents. Their young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of unfamiliar papers. Her parents had carefully sorted them out, although they had found mainly foreign addresses on most of the documents. At last they had seen a half-written letter in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a friend.That family not only restored the important documents to us that day but also restored our faith and trust in people. We still remember their kindness and often send a warm wish their way.1. What did Rashid plan to do after his arrival in Sydney?A. Go shoppingB. Find a houseC. Join his familyD. Take his family2. The girl‘s parents got Rashid‘s phone number from_______.A. a friend of his familyB. a Sydney policemanC. a letter in his papersD. a stranger in Sydney3. What does the underlined word ―restored‖ in the last paragraph mean?[A. ShowedB. Sent outC. DeliveredD. Gave back4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. From India to Australia.B. Living in a a New Country.C. Turning Trash to Treasure.D. In Search of New Friends.BSince the first Earth Day in 1970,American have gotten a lot ―greener‖ toward the environment . ―We didn‘t know at that time there even was an environment, let alone that there was a problem with it,‖ says Bruce Anderson, president of Earth Day USA.But what began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement .Business people, political leaders, university professors, and especially millions of grass-roots Americans are taking part in the movement. ―The understanding has increased many ,many times,‖ says Gaylord Nelson, the former governor from Wisconsin, who thought up the first. According to US government reports , emissions (排放)from cars and trucks have dropped from 10.3 million tons a year to 5.5 tons .The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9 .Although serious problems still remain and need to be dealt with , the world is a safer and healthie r place .A kind of ―Green thinking ‖ has become part of practices .Great improvement has been achieved .In 1988 there were only 600 recycling programs ,today in 1995 there are about 6,600 .Advanced lights ,motors , and building designs have helped save a lot of energy and therefore prevented pollution .Twenty –five years ago , there were hardly any education programs for environment .Today , it‘s hard to find a public school , university , or law school that does not have such a kind of program .‖ Until we do that , nothing else will change! ‖ say Bruce Anderson .5 According to Anderson , before 1970, Americans had little idea about ___A. the social movementB. recycling techniquesC. environmental problemsD. the importance of Earth Day6 Where does the support for environmental protection mainly come from?A. The grass –roots levelB. The business circleC. Government officialsD. University professors7. What have \Americans achieved in environmental protection ?A. They have cut car emissions to the lowestB. They have settled their environmental problemsC. They have lowered their CO levels in forty cities.D. They have reduced pollution through effective measures .8. What is especially important for environmental protection according to the last paragraph ?A. EducationB. PlanningC. Green livingD. CO reductionCOne of the latest trend（趋势）in American Childcare is Chinese au pairs. Au Pair in Stamford, for example, has got increasing numbers of request for Chinese au pairs from aero to around 4,000 since 2004. And that‘s true all across the country.―I thought it would be useful for him to learn Chinese at an early age‖ Joseph Stocke, the managing director of s company, says of his 2-year old son. ―I would at least like to give him the chance to use the language in the future,‖ After only six months of being cared by 25-year-old woman from China, the boy can already understand basic Chinese daily expressions, his dad says. Li Drake, a Chinese native raising two children in Minnesota with an American husband, had another reason for looking for an au pair from China. She didn‘t want her children to miss out on their roots.‖ Because I am Chinese, my husband and I wanted the children to keep exposed to(接触) the language and culture.‖ she says.―Staying with a native speaker is better for children than simply sitting in a classroom,‖ says Suzanne Flynn, a professor in language education of Children.‖ But parents must understand that just one year with au pair is unlikely to produce wonders. Complete mastery demands continued learning until the age of 10 or 12.‖The popularity if au pairs from china has been strengthened by the increasing numbers of American parents who want their children who want their children to learn Chinese. It is expected that American demand for au pairs will continue to rise in the next few years.9.What does that term‖ au pair‖ in the text mean?A. A mother raising her children on her own[B. A child learning a foreign language at homeC. A professor in language education of childrenD. A young foreign woman taking care of children.10. Li Drake has her children study Chinese because she wants them ______.A. to live in China some dayB. to speak the language at homeC. to catch up wit other childrenD. to learn about the Chinese culture11. What can we infer from the text?A. Learning Chinese is becoming popular In America,B. Educated woman do better in looking after childrenC. Chinese au pairs need to improve their English Skills.D. Children can learn a foreign language well in six months.DMetro Pocket GuideMetrorail(地铁)Each passenger needs a farecard to enter and go out. Up to two children under age five may travel free with a paying customer.Farecard machine are in every station, Bring small bills because there are no change machines in the station and farecard machine only provide up to $ 5 in change.Get one of unlimited Metrorail rides with a One Day Pass. Buy it from a farecard machine in Metro stations. Use it after 9:30 a.m. until closing on weekdays, and all day on weekends and holidays.[wHours of ServiceOpen: 5 a.m Mon-Fri 7a.m. Sat—Sun .Close midnight Sun—Thur.Last train time vary. To avoid missing the last train, please check the last train time posted in the station.MetrobusWhen paying with exact change, the fare is $ 1.35 . when paying with a smatTrip® CARD the fare is $1.25Fares for the Senior /disabled customersSenior citizens 65 and older and disabled customers may ride for half the regular fare. On Metrorail and Metrobus, use a senior/disabled farecard or SmarTrip® card. For more information about buying senior/disabled farecards, farecard or SmarTripR card and passes, please visit or call 202-637-7000 and 202-637-8000.Senior citizens and disabled customers can get free guide on how to use proper Metrobus and Metrorail services by calling 202-962-1100Travel tips. avoid riding during weekday rush periods –before 9:30 a.m. and between 4 and 6 p.m.. if you lose something on a bus or train or in a station, please call Lost & Found at 202-962-1195.12. what should you know about farecard machine?A. They start selling tickets at 9:30 a.m.B. They are connected to change machines.C. They offer special service to the elderly.D. They make change for no more than $5.13. At what time does Metrorail stop service on Saturday?A. At midnightB. at 3 a.m.C. at 5 amD. at 7 p.m.14. What is good about a SmarTrip® card?A. It is convenient for old peopleB. It saves money for its usersC. it can be bought at any timeD. it is sold on the Internet.15. Which number should you call if you lose something on the Metro?A. 202-962-1195B.202-962-1100C.202-673-7000D.202-673-8000第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
2014年全国高考英语试题分类汇编：改错题【Word版,含解析】
2014全国高考汇编改错一（2014大纲卷）第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分l0分)此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。
对标有题号的每一行作出判断:如无错误.在该行右边横线上画一个勾(√):如有错误(每行只有一个错误)，则按下列情况改正:此行多一个词:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。
此行缺一个词:在缺词处加一个肠字符号(A)，在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。
此行错一个词:在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
注意:原行没有错的不要改。
All of us need friendship. The understanding 76.______________between two friends mean both of them have similar 77.______________ideas and trusting each other. Otherwise, it is 78.______________impossible for him to help each other and to make 79.______________their friendship to last long. As an old saying goes, 80.______________“A friend in need is a friend indeed.” So really friendship 81.______________should able to stand all sorts of tests. And it is 82.______________wise to have as many good friends that we can. 83.______________The more friends we have, the more we can learn for 84.______________one another, but the more pleasure we can share together. 85.______________76. √77. 【答案】means【试题解析】本句的主语是the understanding…，这是单个的动名词定语，做主语的时候，谓语动词要使用单数形式。
2014年高考英语上海卷及答案解析
绝密★启用前2014年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试（上海卷）英语考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1-11页）和第Ⅱ卷（第12页），全卷共12页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第I 卷（共103分）Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A policewoman. B. A judge. C. A reporter. D. A waitress.2. A. Confident. B. Puzzled. C. Satisfied. D. Worried.3. A. At a restaurant. B. At a car rental agency. C. In a bank. D. In a driving school.4. A. A disaster. B. A new roof C. A performance. D. A TV station.5. A. Catch the train. B. Meet Jane. C. Get some stationery. D. Clean the backyard.6. A. Ask for something cheaper. B. Buy the vase she really likes. C. Protect herself from being hurt. D. Bargain with the shop assistant.7. A. Use a computer in the lab. B. Take a chemistry course. C. Help him revise his report. D. Get her computer repaired.8. A. Amused. B. Embarrassed. C. Shocked. D. Sympathetic.9. A. She doesn’t plan to continue studying next year. B. She has already told the man about her plan. C. She isn’t planning to leave her university. D. She recently visited a different university.10. A. It spoke highly of the mayor. B. It misinterpreted the mayor’s speech. C. It made the mayor’s view clearer. D. It earned the mayor’s speech accurately.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. 70.B. 20.C. 25.D. 75. 12. A. The houses there can’t be sold. B. It is a place for work and holiday. C. The cabins and facilities are shared. D. It is run by the residents themselves. 13. A. A skiing resort. B. A special community. C. A splendid mountain.D. A successful businesswoman. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news. 14. A. Those who often sent text messages. B. Those who suffered from heart disease. C. Those who did no physical exercise. D. Those who were unmarried. 15. A. They responded more slowly than usual. B. They sent more messages. C. They typed 10 percent faster on average. D. They edited more passages. 16. A. Why chemical therapy works. B. Why marriage helps fight cancer. C. How unmarried people survive cancer.D. How cancer is detected after marriage.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet. Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.-------------在--------------------此--------------------卷--------------------上--------------------答--------------------题--------------------无--------------------效----------姓名________________ 准考证号_____________Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.Ⅱ. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)My Stay in New YorkAfter graduation from university, I had been unable to secure a permanent job in my small town. So I decided to leave home for New York, (25) ______ I might have a better chance to find a good job. (26) ______ (earn) some money to pay the daily expenses, I started work in a local café as a waiter. I believe that (27) ______ ______ ______ I was offered a good position, I would resign at once.Over time, the high cost of living became a little burden on my already (28) ______ (exhaust) shoulder. On the other hand, my search for a respectable job had not met with much success. As I had studied literature at university, I found it quite difficult to secure a suitable job in big companies. Mother had just said that (29) ______ I want to have a better career advancement, I had to find work in the city. Perhaps (30) ______ my mother had told me was deeply rooted in my mind. I just did as she had expected.Soon I had lived in the city for over six months but I still did not like it. Apparently, I had difficulty (31) ______ (adapt) myself to life in the city, let alone finding a job to my delight. After nine months of frustration, I eventually decided to go back to my small town. Not until I returned (32) ______ I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me.(B)The giant vending machine（自动售货机）is a new village shop Villagers have long been used to facing a drive when they run out of basic supplies. However, help is now nearer at hand in form of the country’s first automatic push-button shop. Now residents in the Derbyshire Village of Clifton can buy groceries around the clock after the huge vending was installed outside a pub in the village this week.Peter Fox, who is (33) ______ electrical engineer, spent two and a half years working on the project. The machine (34) ______ (equip) with securing cameras and alarms, and looks like a mini shop with a brick front, a grey roof and a display window.Mr. Fox said he hoped his invention, (35) ______ is set to be installed in other villages in the area over the coming months, will mark areturn to convenience shopping for rural communities.He said: “I had this idea a few years ago but I couldn’t find a manufacturer who could deliver what I wanted, so I did it by (36) ______. The result is what amounts to huge outdoor vending machine. Yet I think the term ‘automatic shop’ is far (37) ______ (appropriate).”In recent years, the commercial pressure from supermarket chains (38) ______ force village shops across the country to close. In 2010, it was estimated that about 400 village shops closed, (39) ______ (urge) the local government to give financial support to struggling shops or set-up new communities stores.Hundreds of communities have since stepped in and opened up their won volunteer-run shops, but Mr. Fox hopes his new invention will offer a solution (40) ______ these villages without a local shop.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Let’s say you’ve decided you want to eat more healthfully. However, you don’t have time to carefully plan menus for meals or read food 41 at the supermarket. Since you really 42 yourself to a healthier lifestyle, a little help would come in handy, wouldn’t it? This is where a “choice architect” can help 43 some of the burden of doing it all yourself. Choice architects are people who organize the contexts in which customers make decisions. For example, the person who decides the layout of your local supermarket—including which shelf the peanut butter goes on, and how the oranges are piled up—is a choice architect.Governments don’t have to 44 healthier lifestyles through laws—for example, smoking bans. Rather, if given an environment created by a choice architect—one that encourages us to choose what is best—we will do the right things. In other words, there will be designs that gently push customers toward making healthier choices, without removing freedomof choice. This idea combines freedom to choose with 45 hints from choice architects, who aim to help people live longer, healthier, and happier lives.The British and Swedish governments have introduced a so-called “traffic light system” to 46 foods as healthy or unhealthy. This means that customers can see at a glance how much fat, sugar, and salt each product contains 47 by looking at the lights on the package. A green light 48 that the amounts of the three nutrients are healthy; yellow indicates that the customer should be 49 ; and red means that the food is high in at least one of the three nutrients and should be eaten in 50 . The customer is given important health information, but is still free to decide what to choose.Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Research has shown that two-thirds of human conversation is taken up not with discussion of the cultural or political problems of the day, not heated debates about films we’ve just watched or books we’ve just finished reading, but plain and simple 51 .Language is our greatest treasure as a species, and what do we 52 do with it? We gossip. About others’ behaviour and private lives, such as who’s doing what with whom, who’s in and who’s out—and why; how to deal with difficult 53 situations involving children, lovers, and colleagues.So why are we keen on gossiping? Are we just natural 54 , of both time and words? Or do we talk a lot about nothing in particular simply to avoid facing up to the really important issues of life? It’s not the case according to Professor Robin Dunbar. In fact, in his latest book, Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language, the psychologist says gossip is one of these really 55 issues.Dunbar 56 he traditional view that language was developed by the men at the early stage of social development in order to organize their manly hunting activities more effectively, or even to promote the exchange of poetic stories about their origins and the supernatural. Instead he suggests that language evolved among women. We don’t spend two-thirds of our time gossiping just because we can talk, argues Dunbar— 57 , he goes on to say, language evolved specifically to allow us to gossip.Dunbar arrived at his cheery theory by studying the 58 of the higher primates（灵长类动物）like monkeys. By means of grooming—cleaning the fur by brushing it, monkeys form groups with other individuals on whom they can rely for support in the event of some kind of conflict within the group or 59 from outside it.As we human beings evolve from a particular branch of the primate family, Dunbar 60 that at one time in our history we did much the same. Grouping together made sense because the bigger the group, the greater the 61 it provided; on the other hand, the bigger the group, the greater the stresses of living close to others. Grooming helped to 62 the pressure and calm everybody down.But as the groups got bigger and bigger, the amount of time spent in grooming activities also had to be 63 to maintain its effectiveness. Clearly, a more 64 kind of grooming was needed, and thus language evolved as a kind of vocal（有声的）grooming which allowed humans to develop relationship with ever-larger groups by exchanging information over a wider network of individuals than would be possible by one-to-one 65 contact.51. A. claim B. description C. gossip D. language52. A. occasionally B. habitually C. independently D. originally53. A. social B. political C. historical D. cultural54. A. admirers B. masters C. users D. wasters55. A. vital B. sensitive C. ideal D. difficult56. A. confirms B. rejects C. outlines D. broadens57. A. for instance B. in addition C. on the contrary D. as a result58. A. motivation B. appearance C. emotion D. behaviour59. A. attack B. contact C. inspection D. assistance60. A. recalls B. denies C. concludes D. confesses61. A. prospect B. responsibility C. leadership D. protection62. A. measure B. show C. maintain D. ease63. A. saved B. extended C. consumed D. gained64. A. common B. efficient C. scientific D. thoughtful65. A. indirect B. daily C. physical D. secretSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Most people agree that honesty is a good thing. But does MotherNature agree? Animals can’t talk, but can they lie in other ways? Canthey lie with their bodies and behavior? Animal experts may not call itlying, but they do agree that many animals, from birds to chimpanzees,behave dishonestly to fool other animals. Why? Dishonesty often helpsthem survive.Many kinds of birds are very successful at fooling other animals. For example, a bird called the plover sometimes pretends to be hurt in order to protect its young. When a predator（猎食动物）gets close to its nest, the plover leads the predator away from the nest. How? It pretends to have a broken wing. The predator follows the “hurt” adult, leaving the baby birds safe in the nest.Another kind of bird, the scrub jay, buries its food so it always has something to eat. Scrub jays are also thieves. They watch where others bury their food and steal it. But clever scrub jays seem to know when a thief is watching them. So they go back later, unbury the food, and bury it again somewhere else.Birds called cuckoos have found a way to have babies without doing much work. How? They don’t make nests. Instead, they get into other birds’ nests secretly. Then they lay their eggs and fly away. When the baby birds come out, their adoptive parents feed them.Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky. After a fight, the losing chimp will give its hand to the other. When the winning chimp puts out its hand, too, the chimps are friendly again. But an animal expert once saw a losing chimp take the winner’s hand and start fighting again.Chimps are sneaky in other ways, too. When chimps find food that they love, such as bananas, it is natural for them to cry out. Then other chimps come running. But some clever chimps learn to cry very softly when they find food. That way, other chimps don’t hear them, and they don’t need to share their food.As children, many of us learn the saying “You can’t fool Mother Nature.” But maybe you can’t trust her, either.66. A plover protects its young from a predator by ______.A. getting closer to its youngB. driving away the adult predatorC. leaving its young in another nestD. pretending to be injured67. By “Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky” (paragraph 5), the author means______.A. chimps are ready to attack othersB. chimps are sometimes dishonestC. chimps are jealous of the winnersD. chimps can be selfish too68. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Some chimps lower their cry to keep food away from others.B. The losing chimp won the fight by taking the winner’s hand.C. Cuckoos fool their adoptive parents by making no nests.D. Some clever scrub jays often steal their food back.69. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Do animals lie?B. Does Mother Nature fool animals?C. How do animals learn to lie?D. How does honesty help animals survive?(B)Let’s say you want to hit the gymmore regularly this year. How doyou make that happen? Considerputting the habit loop to use.Here’s how it works:A habit is a 3-step process. First,there’s a cue, something that tells yourbrain to operate automatically. Thenthere’s a routine. And finally, a reward,which helps your brain learn to desirethe behavior. It’s what you can use tocreate—or break—habits of your own.Here’s how to apply it:Choose a cue, like leaving yourrunning shoes by the door, then pick. areward—say, a piece of chocolatewhen you get home from the gym. Thatway, the cue and the reward becomeinterconnected. Finally, when you seethe shoes, your brain will start longingfor the reward, which will make iteasier to work out day after day. Thebest part? In a couple of weeks, youwon’t need the chocolate at all. Yourbrain will come to see the workout itself as the reward. Which is the whole point, right?70. Which of the following best fits in the box with a “?” in THE HABIT LOOP?A. Pick a new cue.B. Form a new habit.C. Choose a new reward.D. Design a new resolution.71. According to THE HABIT LOOP, you can stick to your plan most effectively by ______.A. changing the routineB. trying it for a weekC. adjusting your goalD. writing it down72. What’s the purpose of putting the habit loop to use?A. To test out different kinds of cues.B. To do something as a habit even without rewards.C. To work out the best New Year’s resolution.D. To motivate yourself with satisfactory rewards.73. “This year when I see the Harry Potter poster, I will read 30 pages of an English novel oran English newspaper in order to watch TV for half an hour.” What is the cue in this resolution?A. The Harry Potter poster.B. Reading 30 pages of an English novel.C. An English newspaper.D. Watching TV for half an hour.(C)If you could be anybody in the world, who would it be? Your neighbour or a super star? A few people have experienced what it might be like to step into the skin of another person, thanks to an unusual virtual reality（虚拟现实）device. Rikke Wahl, an actress, model and artist, was one of the participants in a body swapping experiment at the Be Another lab, a project developed by a group of artists based in Barcelona. She swapped with her partner, an actor, using a machine called The Machine to Be Another and temporarily became a man. “As I looked down, I saw my whole body as a man, dressed in my partner’s pants,” she said. “That’s the picture I remember best.”The set-up is relatively simple. Both users wear a virtual reality headset with a camera on the top. The video from each camera is sent to the other person, so what you see is the exact view of your partner. If she moves her arm, you see it. If you move your arm, she sees it.To get used to seeing another person’s body without actually having control of it, participants start by raising their arms and legs very slowly, so that the other can follow along. Eventually, this kind of slow synchronised（同步的）movement becomes comfortable, and participants really start to feel as though they are living in another person’s body.Using such technology promises to alter people’s behaviour afterwards—potentially for the better. Studies have shown that virtual reality can be effective in fighting racism—the bias （偏见）that humans have against those who don’t look or sound like them. Researchers at the University of Barcelona gave people a questionnaire called the Implicit Association Test, which measures the strength of people’s associations between, for instance, black people and adjectives such as good, bad, athletic or awkward. Then they asked them to control the body of a dark skinned digital character using virtual reality glasses, before taking the test again. This time, the participants’ bias scores were lower. The idea is that once you’ve “put yourself in another’s shoes” you’re less likely to think ill of them, because your brain has internalised the feeling of being that person.The creators of The Machine to Be Another hope to achieve a similar result. “At the end of body swapping, people feel like holding each other in their arms,” says Arthur Pointeau, a programmer with the project. “It’s a really nice way to have this kind of experience. I would really, really recommend it to everyone.”74. The word “swapping” (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to______.A. buildingB. exchangingC. controllingD. transplanting75. We can infer from the experiment at the Be Another lab that ______.A. our feelings are related to our bodily experienceB. we can learn to take control of other people’s bodiesC. participants will live more passionately after the experimentD. The Machine to Be Another can help people change their sexes76. In the Implicit Association Test, before the participants used virtual reality glasses to controla dark skinned digital character, ______.A. they fought strongly against racismB. they scored lower on the test for racismC. they changed their behaviour dramaticallyD. they were more biased against those unlike them77. It can be concluded from the passage that______.A. technology helps people realize their dreamsB. our biases could be eliminated through experimentsC. virtual reality helps promote understanding among peopleD. our points of view about others need changing constantlySection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.More and more corporations are taking an interest in corporate social responsibility (CSR). CSR is made up of three broad layers. The most basic is traditional corporate charity work. Companies typically spend about 1% of pre-tax profits on worthy projects. But many feel that simply writing cheques to charities is no longer enough. In some companies, shareholders want to know that their money is being put to good use, and employees want to be actively involved in good works.Money alone is not the answer when companies come under attack for their behavior. Hence the second layer of CSR, which is a branch of risk management. Starting in the 1980s, with environmental disasters such as the explosion at Bhopal and the Exxon Valdez oil spill, industry after industry has suffered blows to its reputation.So, companies often responded by trying to manage the risks. They talk to non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and to governments, create codes of conduct（行为准则）and devote themselves to more transparency（透明）in their operations. Increasingly, too, they, along with their competitors, set common rules to spread risks.All this is largely defensive, but there are also opportunities for those that get ahead of the game. The emphasis on opportunity is the third layer of CSR: the idea that it can help to create value. If approached in a strategic way, CSR could become part of a company’s competitive advantage. That is just the sort of thing chief executives like to hear. The idea of “doing well by doing good” has become popular.Nevertheless, the business of trying to be good is bringing difficult questions to executives. Can you measure CSR performance? Should you be cooperating with NGOs and with your competitors? Is there any really competitive advantage to be had from a green strategy?Corporate social responsibility is now seen as a mainstream. Big companies want to tell the world about their good citizenship with their devotion to social responsibilities. Done badly, CSR is often just window-dressing and can be positively harmful. Done well, though, it is not some separate activity that companies do on the side, a corner of corporate life reserved for virtue（美德）: it is just good business.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. Both _________ in some companies find it no longer enough to simply donate money tocharities.79. Give one example of the defensive measures of risk management according to the passage.80. With the emphasis on opportunity, the third layer of CSR is meant to _______.81. According to the passage, “good business” (paragraph 6) means that corporations _______while making profits第Ⅱ卷（共47分）Ⅰ.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 我习惯睡前听点轻音乐。
2014年高考全国Ⅰ卷英语试题(含答案解析)
绝密★启用前2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语适用地区：河南、河北、山西听力音频 双击图标打开收听.mp4注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（阅读题）和第Ⅱ卷（表达题）两部分。
2．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在本试题的相应位置。
3．全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试题上无效。
4．第Ⅰ卷听力部分满分30分，不计入总分，考试成绩录取时提供给高校做参考。
5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10称钟的时间来回答有关小题如阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A. ￡19.15.B. ￡9.18.C. ￡9.15.答案是C。
1．What does the woman want to do?A. Find a place.B. Buy a map.C. Get an address.2．What will the man do for the woman?A. Repair her car.B. Give her a ride.C. Pick up her aunt. 3．Who might Mr. Peterson be?A. A new professor.B. A department head.C. A company director. 4．What does the man think of the book?A. Quite difficult.B. Very interesting.C. Too simple.5．What are the speakers talking about?A. Weather.B. Clothes.C. News.第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
2014年高考真题——英语(新课标ii)解析版 word版含解析1
2014年高考真题——英语（新课标ii）解析版 word 版含解析1高考英语2014-06-2014 1445（第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每题1.5分，满分30分）【题文】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A, B, C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains. They reached the top 21_______, but on their way back conditions were very 22_______. Joe fell and broke his leg. They both knew that if Simon 23_______ alone, he would probably get back 24_______. But Simon decided to risk his 25_______ and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope（绳）.As they 26_______ down, the weather got worse. Then another 27_______ occurred. They couldn’t see or hear each other and, 28_______, Simon loweredhis friend over the edge of a precipice（峭壁）. It was 29_______ for Joe to climb back or for Simon to pull him up. Joe’s 30_______ was pulling Simon slowly towards the precipice. 31_______, after more than an hour in the dark and the icy cold, Simon had to 32_______. In tears, he cut the rope. Joe 33_______ into a large crevasse（裂缝）in the ice below. He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain. He couldn’t walk, but he 34_______ to get out of the crevasse and started to35_______ towards their camp, nearly ten kilometers 36_______.Simon had 37_______ the camp at the foot of the mountain. He thought that Joe must be 38_______, but he didn’t want to leave 39_______. Three days later, in the middle of the night, he heard Joe’s voice. He couldn’t 40_______ it. Joe was there, a few meters from their tent, still alive.【小题1】. A. hurriedly B. carefully C. successfully D. early【小题2】. A. difficult B. similar C. special D. normal【小题3】.A.climbed B. worked C. rested D. continued【小题4】A. unwillingly B. safely C. slowly D. regretfully【小题5】A. fortune B. time C. health D. life【小题6】A. lay B. settled C. went D. looked【小题7】A. damage B. storm C. change D. trouble【小题8】 A. by mistake B. by chance C. D.【小题9】 A. unnecessary B. practical C. important D. impossible 【小题2014】A. height B. weight C. strength D. equipment 【小题11】 A. Finally B. Patiently C Surely D Quickly【小题12】.A stand back B take a rest C make a decision D hold on【小题13】.A jumped B. fell C escaped D backed【小题14】. A. managed B. planned C. waited D. hoped【小题15】 A. run B. skate C. move D. march【小题16】A. around B. away C. above D. along【小题17】A. headed for B .traveled to C. left for D. returned to 【小题18】A. dead B .hurt C. weak D. late【小题19 A. secretly B. tiredly C. immediately D. anxiously 【小题20】A. find B. believe C. make D. accept【小题7】D【小题8】A【小题9】D【小题2014】B【小题11】A【小题12】C【小题13】B【小题14】A【小题15】C【小题16】B【小题17】D【小题18】A【小题19】C【小题20】B【解析】把Joe用绳子放到了悬崖边，答案选A。
2014年高考真题——英语(全国大纲卷) 精校版 Word版含答案
2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（大纲卷）英语第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5个小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A B C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A. ￡19.15B.￡9.18C. ￡9.15答案是C1. What does the woman want to do?A. Find a placeB. Buy a mapC. Get an address2. What will the man do for the woman?A. Repair her carB. Give her a rideC. Pick up her aunt3. Who might Mr. Peterson be?A. A new professor.B. A department head.C. A company director4. What does the man think of the book?A. Quite difficultB. Very interestingC. Too simple5. What are the speakers talking about?A. WeatherB. ClothesC. News第二节（共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或对白，每段对话或对白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题。
每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。
上海英语高考及时雨翻译(中文+答案)word版
高考英语中译英测验1 （A） Section A1.商店里的商品琳琅满目，让我们眼花缭乱。
（accustomed）2. 他利用她人好心软，三番五次向她借钱。
（advantage）3.在西方国家绝对不要问有关工资这样的隐私问题。
（ask）4.她已向这家公司申请担任秘书。
（apply）5.在旧社会，出身贫寒的人很少有接受教育的机会。
(access)6.这个获胜者因她的画而得了一等奖。
（award）7.必须立刻采取行动以减少台风带来的损失。
（action）8.边开车边打手机是违反交通规则的。
（against）9.我向你保证我有能力解决这个问题。
（ability）10.你该就刚才的所作所为向在场的人道歉。
（apologize）11.显而易见，这个国家的人每时每刻都可以喝到新鲜牛奶。
（available）12.我很高兴被聘请担任北京奥运会的口译员。
（act）13.丰富的网络资讯吸引老老少少上网冲浪。
（attract）14.这位科学家终日废寝忘食地埋首于研究。
（absorb）15.十分感激你给我这次面试的机会。
（appreciate）16.各色阳伞给夏日街头平添了活泼的气氛。
（add to）17.人生可贵，不要为日常琐事而忧心忡忡。
（anxious）18.再你做决定之前请考虑一下我的感受。
（account）19.我已安排了一辆出租车去机场接你。
（arrange）20.在山区，很多同我年纪相仿的儿童上不起学。
（afford）Section B1.在发展经济的同时，我们必须注意节约资源和防止污染。
（attention）2.他的话表明充分意识到了不努力学习的后果。
（aware）3.专家们建议实施这项工程以造福子孙后代。
（advise）4.听说他昨天闹情绪，没来上班。
（absent）5.尽可能的多看书，你的作文会有进步的。
（and）6.有些留学生要过很长时间才能适应新的礼节和风俗。
（adapt）7.是否在黄浦江上再建一座大桥，委员们意见不一。
2014年全国高考英语试题分类汇编：阅读之新闻报道类 Word版含解析
2014全国高考汇编阅读之新闻报告类类一（2014大纲卷）BSince the first Earth Day in 1970, Americans have gotten a lot ―greener‖ toward the environment （环境）. ―We didn’t know at that time there even was an environment, let alone that there was a problem with it,‖ says Bruce Anders on, president of Earth Day USA.But what began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement. Business people, political leaders, university professors, and especially millions of grass-roots Americans are taking part in the movem ent. ―The understanding has increased many, many times,‖ says Gaylord Nelson, the former governor from Wisconsin, who thought up the first Earth Day. According to US government reports, emissions（排放）from cars and trucks have dropped from 10.3 million tons a year to 5.5 tons .The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9 .Although serious problems still remain and need to be dealt with , the world is a safer an d healthier place .A kind of ―Green thinking ‖ has become part of practices . Great improvement has been achieved .In 1988 there were only 600 recycling（回收利用）programs; today in 1995 there are about 6,600 .Advanced lights ,motors , and building designs have helped save a lot of energy and therefore prevented pollution .Twenty –five years ago , there were hardly any education programs for environment .Today , it’s hard to find a public school , university , or law school that does not have such a kind of pro gram .‖ Until we do that, nothing else will change! ‖ say Bruce Anderson.60. According to Anderson, before 1970, Americans had little idea about ___A. the social movementB. recycling techniquesC. environmental problemsD. the importance of Earth Day61. Where does the support for environmental protection mainly come from?A. The grass –roots levelB. The business circleC. Government officialsD. University professors62.. What have Americans achieved in environmental protection?A. They have cut car emissions to the lowestB. They have settled their environmental problemsC. They have lowered their CO levels in forty cities.D. They have reduced pollution through effective measures.63. What is especially important for environmental protection according to the last paragraph?A. EducationB. PlanningC. Green livingD. CO reduction【考点】考察新闻报道类阅读【文章大意】作者在本文中把现在的美国环境问题和以前的环境问题进行了比较，尤其是几项数据的对比。
2014年高考英语全国卷1(含详细答案)
英语试卷 第1页（共32页）英语试卷 第2页（共32页）绝密★启用前2014普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国新课标卷1）英语使用地区：河南、山西、河北本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
共150分，共12页。
考试时间结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
注意事项：1. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。
2. 选择题必须使用2B 铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。
3. 请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。
4. 保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
注：山西卷赋分不同，满分180分。
听力30分不计入总分，考试成绩录取时提供给高校作参考。
第Ⅰ卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例: How much is the shirt? A. £19.15.B. £9. 18.C. £9.15.答案是C 。
1. What does the woman want to do? A. Find a place.B. Buy a map.C. Get an address.2. What will the man do for the woman? A. Repair her car.B. Give her a ride.C. Pick up her aunt.3. Who might Mr. Peterson be? A. A new professor.B. A department head.C. A company director.4. What does the man think of the book? A. Quite difficult.B. Very interesting.C. Too simple.5. What are the speakers talking about? A. Weather.B. Clothes.C. News.第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。
2014高考英语真题试卷全国一卷(含答案和解析)
2014年全国统一高考英语试卷（新课标Ⅰ）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AThe Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity ChallengeDare to Take the Curiosity Challenge!The Cambridge Science Festival(CSF)is pleased to inform you of the sixth annual Curiosity Challenge. The challenge invites,even dares school students between the ages of5and14to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity and how it inspires them to explore their world.Students are being dared to draw a picture,write an article,take a photo or write a poem that shows what they are curious about.To enter the challenge,all artwork or pieces of writing should be sent to the Cambridge Science Festival,MIT Museum,265Mass Avenue.Cambridge02139by Friday,February8th.Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honored at a special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday,April21st.Guest speaker will also present prizes to the students. Winning entries will be published in a book.Student entries will be exhibit and prizes will be given.Families of those who take part will be included in the celebration and brunch will be served.Between March10th and March15th,each winner will be given the specifics of the closing ceremony and the Curiosity Challenge celebration.The program guidelines and other related information are available at:.21.Who can take part in the Curiosity Challenge?A.School studentsB.Cambridge localsC.CSF winnersD.MIT artists22.When will the prize-giving ceremony be held?A.On February8thB.On March10thC.On April21stD.On March15th23.What type of writing is this text?A.An exhibition guide.B.An art show review.C.An announcement.D.An official report.BPassenger pigeons（旅鸽）once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers.Written accounts from the18th and19th centuries described flocks（群）so large that they darkened the sky for hours.It was calculated that when its population reach its highest point,there were more than3billion passenger pigeons–a number equal to24to40percent of the total bird population in the United States, making it perhaps the most abundant birds in the world.Even as late as1870when their numbers had already become smaller,a flock believed to be1mile wide and320miles(about515kilometers)long was seen near Cincinnati.Sadly,the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing.Where the birds were abundant,people believed there was an ever-lasting supply and killed them by the mercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain,waited until pigeons had settled to feed,then threw large nets over them,taking hundreds at a time.The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants.By the closing decades of the19th century,the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons nested had been damaged by Americans’need for wood,which scattered（驱散）the flocks and forced the birds to go farther north,where cold temperatures and spring storms contributed to their decline.Soon the great flocks were gone,never to be seen again.In1897,the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons,but by then,no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for10years.The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County,Ohio,in1900.For a time,a few birds survived under human care.The last of them,known affectionately as Martha,died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden in September1,1914.24.In the18th and early19th centuries,passenger pigeons.A.were the biggest bird in the worldB.lived mainly in the south of AmericaC.did great harm to the natural environmentD.were the largest bird population in the US25.The underlined word“undoing”probably refers to the pigeons’.A.escapeB.ruinC.liberationD.evolution26.What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons?A.To seek pleasureB.To save other birdsC.To make moneyD.To protect crops27.What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan?A.It was ignored by the publicB.It was declared too lateC.It was unfairD.It was strictCA typical lion tamer（驯兽师）in people’s mind is an entertainer holding a whip（鞭）and a chair.The whip gets all of the attention,but it’s mostly for show.In reality,it’s the chair that does the important work. When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion’s face,the lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the same time.With its focus divided,the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to do next. When faced with so many options,the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion?How often do you have something you want to achieve（e.g.lose weight,start a business,travel more）---only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress?This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is best,the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information.The end result is that we feel like we can’t focus or that we’re focused on the wrong things,and so we take less action,make less progress,and stay the same when we could be improving.It doesn’t have to be that way.Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face,remember this: All you need to do is focus on one thing.You just need to get started.Starting before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people.If you have somewhere you want to go,something you want to accomplish, someone you want to become…take immediate action.If you’re clear about where you want to go,the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way.28.Why does the lion tamer use a chair?A.To show off his skills.B.To trick the lion.C.To get ready for a fight.D.To entertain the audience.29.In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair?A.They feel puzzled over choices.B.They hold on to the wrong things.C.They find it hard to make changed.D.They have to do something for show.30.What is the author’s attitude towards the experts mentioned in Paragraph3?A.TolerantB.DoubtfulC.RespectfulD.Supportive31.When the world is“waving a chair in your face”,you’re advised to.A.wait for a better chanceB.break your old habitsC.make a quick decisionD.ask for clear guidanceDAs more and more people speak the global languages of English,Chinese,Spanish,and Arabic,other languages are rapidly disappearing.In fact,half of the6,000-7,000languages spoken around the world today will likely die out by the next century,according to the United Nations Educational,Scientific,and Cultural Organization(UNESCO).In an effort to prevent language loss,scholars from a number of organizations---UNESCO and National Geographic among them---have for many years been documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect.Mark Turin,a scientist at the Macmillan Center,Yale University,who specializes in the languages and oral traditions of the Himalayas,is following in that tradition.His recently published book,A Grammar of Thangmi with an Ethnolinguistic Introduction to the Speakers and Their Culture,grows out of his experience living,looking and raising a family in a village in Nepal.Documenting the Tangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin,who seeks to include other languages and oral traditions across the Himalayans reaches of India,Nepal,Bhutan,and China.But he is not content to simply record these voices before they disappear without record.At the University of Cambridge Turin discovered a wealth of important materials---including photographs,films,tap recordings,and field notes---which had remained unstudied and were badly in need of care and protection.Now,through the two organizations that he has founded---the Digital Himalaya Project and the World Oral Literature Project---Turin has started a campaign to make such documents,found in libraries and stores around the world,available not just to scholars but to the youngers.Generations of communities from whom the materials were originally collected.Thanks to digital technology and the widely available Internet.Turin notes,the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities.32.Many scholars are making efforts to.A.promote global languageB.rescue disappearing languagesC.search for language communitiesD.set up language research organizations33.What does“that tradition”in Paragraph3refer to?A.Having full records of the languages.B.Writing books on language teaching.C.Telling stories about language users.D.Living with the native speakers.34.What is Turin’s book based on?A.The cultural studies in India.B.The documents available at Yale.C.His language research in Bhutan.D.His personal experience in Nepal.35.Which of the following best describes Turin’s work?A.Write,sell and donate.B.Record,repair and reward.C.Design,experiment and report.D.Collect,protect and reconnect.第二节（共5小题，每小题3分，满分15分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
2014年高考真题(英语)课标2卷 纯Word版解析可编辑
2014·新课标全国卷Ⅱ第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
[2014·新课标全国卷Ⅱ]AArriving in Sydney on his own from India, my husband, Rashid, stayed in a hotel for a short time while looking for a house for me and our children.During the first week of his stay, he went out one day to do some shopping. He came back in the late afternoon to discover that his suitcase was gone. He was extremely worried as the suitcase had all his important papers, including his passport.He reported the case to the police and then sat there，lost and lonely in a strange city, thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organized again from a distant country while trying to settle down in a new one.Late in the evening, the phone rang. It was a stranger. He was trying to pronounce my husband's name and was asking him a lot of questions. Then he said they had found a pile of papers in their trash can(垃圾桶) that had been left out on the footpath.My husband rushed to their home to find a kind family holding all his papers and documents. Their young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of unfamiliar papers. Her parents had carefully sorted them out, although they had found mainly foreign addresses on most of the documents. At last they had seen a half-written letter in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a friend.That family not only restored the important documents to us that day but also restored our faith and trust in people. We still remember their kindness and often send a warm wish their way.21. What did Rashid plan to do after his arrival in Sydney?A. Go shopping.B. Find a house.C. Join his family.D. Take a vacation.22. The girl's parents got Rashid's phone number from________.A. a friend of his familyB. a Sydney policemanC. a letter in his papersD. a stranger in Sydney23. What does the underlined word “restored”in the last paragraph mean?A. Showed.B. Sent out.C. Delivered.D. Gave back.24. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. From India to AustraliaB. Living in a new countryC. Turning trash to treasureD. In search of new friends【要点综述】本文主要讲述了作者的丈夫来到了一个陌生的城市，一次出去购物回来之后，发现自己的手提箱不见了，里面有他所有的重要的文件，包括护照。
2014年上海市高考英语试卷及答案完美解析(word版)
2014年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语试卷考生注意：1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（笫1-12页）和第Ⅱ卷（第13页），全卷共13页。
所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上，在答題纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第I卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. policewoman. B. A judge. C. A reporter. D. A waitress.2. A. Confident. B. Puzzled. C. Satisfied. D. Worried.3. A. At a restaurant. B. At a car rental agency.C. In a bank.D. In a driving school.4. A. A disaster. B. A new roof. C. A performance. D. A TV station.5. A. Catch the train. B. Meet Jane.C. Get some stationery.D. Clean the backyard.6. A. Ask for something cheaper. B. Buy the vase she really likes.C. Protect herself from being hurt.D. Bargain with the shop assistant.7. A. Use a computer in the lab. B. Take a chemistry course.C. Help him revise his report.D. Get her computer repaired.8. A. Amused. B. Embarrassed. C. Shocked. D. Sympathetic.9. A. She doesn't plan to continue studying next year.B. She has already told the man about her plan.C. She iSn’t planning to leave her university.D. She recently visited a different university.10. A. It spoke highly of the mayor. B. It miSinterpreted the mayor’S Speech.C. it made the mayor’S view clearer.D. It carried the mayor’S Sp eech accurately.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. 70 B. 20 C. 25. D. 7512. A. The houses there can't be sold. B. It is a place for work and holiday.C. The cabins and facilities are shared.D. It is run by the residents themselves.13. A. A skiing resort. B. A special community.C. A splendid mountain.D. A successful businesswoman.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. A. Those who often sent text messages. B. Those who suffered from heart disease.C. Those who did no physical exercise.D. whose who were unmarried15. A. They responded more slowly than usual. B. They sent more messages.C. They typed 10 percent faster on average.D. They edited more passages.16. A. Why chemical therapy works.B. Why marriage helps fight cancer.C. How unmarried people survive cancer.D. How cancer is detected after marriage.Section CDirections:In Section C,you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard.Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.17 in London19Dislikes:• 20 shops•small trolleysBlanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)My Stay in New YorkAfter graduation from university, I had been unable to secure a permanent job in my small town. So I decided to leave home for New York, (25)______I might have a better chance to find a good job. (26) ______ (earn) some money to pay the daily expenses, I started work in a local café as a waiter. I believed that (27) ______ ______ ______ I was offered a good position, I would resign at once.Over time, the high cost of living became a little burden on my already (28) ______ (exhaust) shoulder. On the other hand, my search for a respectable job had not met with much success. As I had studied literature at university, I found it quite difficult to secure a suitable job in big companies. Mother had just said that (29) ______ I wanted to have a better career advancement, I had to find work in the city. Perhaps (30) ______my mother had told me was deeply rooted in my mind. I just did as she had expected.Soon I had lived in the city for over six months but I still did not like it. Apparently, I had difficulty (31) ______ (adapt) myself to life in the city, let alone finding a job to my delight. After nine months of frustration, I eventually decided to go back to my small town. Not until I returned (32) ______I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me.(B)The giant vending machine (自动售货机) is a new village shopVillagers have long been used to facing a drive when they run out of basic supplies. However, help is now nearer at hand in form of the country’s first automatic push-button shop. Now residents in the Derbyshire Village of Clifton can buy groceries around the clock after the huge vending was installed outside a pub in the village this week.Peter Fox, who is (33)______electrical engineer, spent two and a half years working on the project. The machine (34)______ (equip) with securing cameras and alarms and looks like a mini shop with a brick front, a grey roof and a display window.Mr. Fox said he hoped his invention, (35)______ is set to be installed in other villages in the area over the coming months, will mark a return to convenience shopping for rural communities.He said:“ I had this idea a few years ago but I couldn’t find a manufacture who could deliver what I wanted, so I did it by (36)______. The result is what amounts to huge outdoor vending machine. Yet I think the term ‘automatic shop’is far (37)______ (appropriate)”In recent years, the commercial pressure from supermarket chains (38)______ (force )village shops across the country to close. In 2010, it was estimated that about 400 village shops closed, (39)______ (urge) the local government to give financial support to struggling shops or set-up new communities stores.Hundreds of communities have since stepped in and opened up their won volunteer-run shops, but Mr. Fox hopes his new invention will offer a solution (40)______those villages without a local shop.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Let's say you've decided you want to eat more healthfully. However, you don't have time to carefully plan menus for meals or read food __41__ at the supermarket. Since you really__42__ yourself to a healthier lifestyle, a little help would come in handy, wouldn't it? This is where a "choice architect" can help__43__some of the burden of doing it all yourself. Choice architects are people who organize the contexts in which customers make decisions. For example, the person who decides the layout of your local supermarket-including which shelf the peanut butter goes on, and how the oranges are piled up—is a choice architect.Governments don't have to__44__healthier lifestyles through laws---for example, smoking bans. Rather, if given an environment created by a choice architect one that encourages us to choose what is best-we will do the right things. In other words, there will be designs that gently push customers toward making healthier choices, without removing freedom of choice. This idea combines freedom to choose with__45__hints from choice architects, who aim to help people live longer, healthier, and happier lives.The British and Swedish governments have introduced a so-called "traffic light system" to __46__foods as healthy or unhealthy. This means that customers can see at a glance how much fat, sugar, and salt each product contains__47__by looking at the lights on the package. A green light __48__that the amounts of the three nutrients are healthy; yellow indicates that the customer should be__49__; and red means that the food is high in at least one of the three nutrients and should be eaten in __50__. The customer is given important health information, but is still free to decide what to choose.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Research has shown that two-thirds of human conversation is taken up not with discussion of the cultural or political problems of the day, not heated debates about films we've just watched or books we've just finished reading, but plain and simple __51__.Language is our greatest treasure as a species, and what do we __52__ do with it? We gossip. About others' behaviour and private lives, such as who's doing what with whom, who's in and who's out-and why; how to deal with difficult __53__ situations involving children, lovers, and colleagues.So why are we keen on gossiping? Are we just natural __54__, of both time and words? Or do we talk a lot about nothing in particular simply to avoid facing up to the really important issues of life? It's not the case according to Professor Robin Dunbar. In fact, in his latest book, Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language, the psychologist says gossip is one of these really__55__issues.Dunbar __56__ the traditional view that language was developed by the men at the early stage of social development in order to organize their manly hunting activities more effectively, or even to promote the exchange of poetic stories about their origins and the supernatural. Instead he suggests that language evolved among women. We don't spend two-thirds of our time gossiping just because we can talk, argues Dunbar—__57__, he goes on to say, language evolved specifically to allow us to gossip.Dunbar arrived at his cheery theory by studying the __58__ of the higher primates（灵长类动物）like monkeys. By means of grooming--cleaning the fur by brushing it, monkeys form groups with other individuals on whom they can rely for support in the event of some kind of conflict within the group or__59__ from outside it.As we human beings evolve from a particular branch of the primate family, Dunbar __60__ that at one time in our history we did much the same. Grouping together made sense because the bigger the group, the greater the __61__ it provided; on the other hand, the bigger the group, the greater the stresses of living close to others. Grooming helped to __62__ the pressure and calm everybody down.But as the groups got bigger and bigger, the amount of time spent in grooming activities also had to be __63__ to maintain its effectiveness. Clearly, a more __64__ kind of grooming was needed, and thus language evolved as a kind of vocal（有声的）grooming which allowed humans to develop relationship with ever-larger groups by exchanging information over a wider network of individuals than would be possible by one-to-one __65__ contact.51. A. claim B. description C. gossip D. language52. A. occasionally B. habitually C. independently D. originally53. A. social B. political C. historical D. cultural54. A. admirers B. masters C. users D. wasters55. A. vital B. sensitive C. ideal D. difficult56. A. confirms B. rejects C. outlines D. broadens57. A. for instance B. in addition C. on the contrary D. as a result58. A. motivation B. appearance C. emotion D. behaviour59. A. attack B. contact C. inspection D. assistance60. A. recalls B. denies C. concludes D. confesses61. A. prospect B. responsibility C. leadership D. protection62. A. measure B. show C. maintain D. ease63. A. saved B. extended C. consumed D. gained64. A. common B. efficient C. scientific D. thoughtful65. A. indirect B. daily C. physical D. secretSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Most people agree that honesty is a good thing. But does Mother Nature agree? Animals can't talk, but can they lie in other ways? Can they lie with their bodies and behavior? Animal experts may not call it lying, but they do agree that many animals, from birds to chimpanzees, behave dishonestly to fool other animals. Why? Dishonesty often helps them survive.Many kinds of birds are very successful at fooling other animals. For example, a bird called the plover sometimes pretends to be hurt in order to protect its young. When a predator（猎食动物）gets close to its nest, the plover leads the predator away from the nest. How? It pretends to have a broken wing. The predator follows the "hurt" adult, leaving the baby birds safe in the nest.Another kind of bird, the scrub jay, buries its food so it always has something to eat. Scrub jays are also thieves. They watch where others bury their food and steal it. But clever scrub jays seem to know when a thief is watching them. So they go back later, unbury the food, and bury it again somewhere else.Birds called cuckoos have found a way to have babies without doing much work. How? They don't make nests. Instead, they get into other birds' nests secretly. Then they lay their eggs and fly away. When the baby birds come out, their adoptive parents feed them.Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky. After a fight, the losing chimp will give its hand to the other. When the winning chimp puts out its hand, too, the chimps are friendly again. But an animal expert once saw a losing chimp take the winner's hand and start fighting again.Chimps are sneaky in other ways, too. When chimps find food that they love, such as bananas, it is natural for them to cry out. Then other chimps come running. But some clever chimps learn to cry very softly when they find food. That way, other chimps don't hear them, and they don't need to share their food.As children, many of us learn the saying "You can't fool Mother Nature." But maybe you can't trust her, either.66. A plover protects its young from a predator by______.A. getting closer to its youngB. driving away the adult predatorC. leaving its young in another nestD. pretending to be injured67. By "Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky" (paragraph 5), the author means______.A. chimps are ready to attack othersB. chimps are sometimes dishonestC. chimps are jealous of the winnersD. chimps can be selfish too68. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Some chimps lower their cry to keep food away from others.B. The losing chimp won the fight by taking the winner's hand.C. Cuckoos fool their adoptive parents by making no nests.D. Some clever scrub jays often steal their food back.69. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Do animals lie?B. Does Mother Nature fool animals?C. How do animals learn to lie?D. How does honesty help animals survive?(B)Let's say you want tohit the gym moreregularly this year. Howdo you make that happen?Consider putting thehabit loop to use.Here's how it works:A habit is a 3-stepprocess. First, there's acue, something that tellsyour brain to operateautomatically. Thenthere's a routine. Andfinally, a reward, whichhelps your brain learn todesire the behavior. It'swhat you can use tocreate-or break-habits ofyour own.Here's how toapply it:Choose a cue, like leaving your running shoes by the door, then pick. a reward-say, a piece of chocolate when you get home from the gym. That way, the cue and the reward become interconnected. Finally, when you see the shoes, your brainwill start longing for the reward, which will make it easier to work out day after day. The best part? In a couple of weeks, you won't need the chocolate at all. Your brain will come to see the workout itself as the reward. Which is the whole point, right?70. which of the following beSt fitS in the box with a “?” in the habit loop?A. Pick a new cue.B. Form a new habit.C. Choose a new reward.D. Design a new resolution.71. According to THE HABIT LOOP, you can stick to your plan most effectively by______.A. changing the routineB. trying it for a weekC. adjusting your goalD. writing it down72. What's the purpose of putting the habit loop to use?A. To test out different kinds of cues.B. To do something as a habit even without rewards.C. To work out the best New Year's resolution.D. To motivate yourself with satisfactory rewards.73. “thiS year when i See the Harry Potter poster, I will read 30 pages of an English novel or an English newspaper in order to watch TV for half an hour." What is the cue in this resolution?A. The Harry Potter poster.B. Reading 30 pages of an English novel.C. An English newspaper.D. Watching TV for half an hour.(C)If you could be anybody in the world, who would it be? Your neighbour or a super star? A few people have experienced what it might be like to step into the skin of another person, thanks to an unusual virtual reality（虚拟现实）device. RikkeWahl, an actress, model and artist, was one of the participants in a body swapping experiment at the Be Another lab, a project developed by a group of artists based in Barcelona. She swapped with her partner, an actor, using a machine called The Machine to Be Another and temporarily became a man. "As I looked down, I saw my whole body as a man, dressed in my partner's pants," she said. "That's the picture I remember best."The set-up is relatively simple. Both users wear a virtual reality headset with a camera on the top. The video from each camera is sent to the other person, so what you see is the exact view of your partner. If she moves her arm, you see it. If you move your arm, she sees it.To get used to seeing another person's body without actually having control of it, participants start by raising their arms and legs very slowly, so that the other can follow along. Eventually, this kind of slow synchronised（同步的）movement becomes comfortable, and participants really start to feel as though they are living in another person's body.Using such technology promises to alter people's behaviour afterwards-potentially for the better. Studies have shown that virtual reality can be effective in fighting racism-the bias（偏见）that humans have against those who don't look or sound like them. Researchers at the University of Barcelona gave people a questionnaire called the Implicit Association Test, which measures the strength of people's associations between, for instance, black people and adjectives such as good, bad, athletic or awkward. Then they asked them to control the body of a dark skinned digital character using virtual reality glasses, before taking the test again. This time, the participants' bias scores were lower. The idea is that once you've "put yourself in another's shoes" you're less likely to think ill of them, because your brain has internalised the feeling of being that person.The creators of The Machine to Be Another hope to achieve a similar result. "At the end of body swapping, people feel like holding each other in their arms," says Arthur Pointeau, a programmer with the project. "It's a really nice way to havethis kind of experience. I would really, really recommend it to everyone."74. The word "swapping" (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to______.A. buildingB. exchangingC. controllingD. transplanting75. We can infer from the experiment at the Be Another lab that______.A. our feelings are related to our bodily experienceB. we can learn to take control of other people's bodiesC. participants will live more passionately after the experimentD. The Machine to Be Another can help people change their sexes76. In the Implicit Association Test, before the participants used virtualreality glasses to control a dark skinned digital character, ______.A. they fought strongly against racismB. they scored lower on the test for racismC. they changed their behaviour dramaticallyD. they were more biased against those unlike them77. It can be concluded from the passage that______.A. technology helps people realize their dreamsB. our biases could be eliminated through experimentsC. virtual reality helps promote understanding among peopleD. our points of view about others need changing constantlySection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.More and more corporations are taking an interest in corporate social responsibility (CSR). CSR is made up of three broad layers. The most basic is traditional corporate charity work. Companies typically spend about 1% of pre-tax profits on worthy projects. But many feel that simply writing cheques to charitiesis no longer enough. In some companies, shareholders want to know that their money is being put to good use, and employees want to be actively involved in good works.Money alone is not the answer when companies come under attack for their behavior. Hence the second layer of CSR, which is a branch of risk management. Starting in the 1980s, with environmental disasters such as the explosion at Bhopal and the Exxon Valdez oil spill, industry after industry has suffered blows to its reputation.So, companies often responded by trying to manage the risks. They talk to non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and to governments, create codes of conduct （行为准则) and devote themselves to more transparency（透明）in their operations. Increasingly, too. they, along with their competitors, set common rules to spread risks.All this is largely defensive, but there are also opportunities for those that get ahead of the game. The emphasis on opportunity is the third layer of CSR: the idea that it can help to create value. If approached in a strategic way, CSR could become part of a company's competitive advantage. That is just the sort of thing chief executives like to hear. The idea of "doing well by doing good" has become popular.Nevertheless, the business of trying to be good is bringing difficult questions to executives. Can you measure CSR performance? Should you be cooperating with ngoS and you’re your competitors? Is there any really competitive advantage to be had from a green strategy?Corporate social responsibility is now seen as a mainstream. Big companies want to tell the world about their good citizenship with their devotion to social responsibilities. Done badly, CSR is often just window-dressing and can be positively harmful. Done well, though, it is not some separate activity that companies do on the side, a corner of corporate life reserved for virtue（美德）：it is just good business.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS)78. Both _________ in some companies find it no longer enough to simply donate money to charities.79. Give one example of the defensive measures of risk management according to the passage.80. With the emphasis on opportunity, the third layer of CSR is meant to_________.81. According to the passage, "good business" (paragraph 6) means that corporations ________ while making profits.第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 我习惯睡前听点轻音乐。
2014全国高考卷新课标2 英语试题及答案 写作部分(Word版)
2014全国高考卷新课标2英语试题及答案写作部分（Word版）My dream school starts at 8:30 a.m. and ends at 3:30 p.m. They are three lessonsin the morning and two in the afternoon. We didn’t need to do so many homework. Therefore, we have more time with after-school activities. For example, we can do reading for one and a half hour and play sports for one hour every day.My dream school look like a big garden. There are all kinds of the flowers andtrees around the classroom buildings. We can lie on the grass for a rest, or sat by thelake listening music. The teachers here are kind and helpfully. They are not only our teachers but also our friends.一家英语报社向中学生征文，主题是“十年后的我”，请根据下列要点和你的畅想完成短文。
1、家庭；2、工作；3、业余生活。
注意：1、词数100左右；2、可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3、开头语已为你写好。
I often imagine what my life will be like in the future.My dream school starts at 8:30 a.m. and ends at 3:30 p.m. They are three lessonsTherein the morning and two in the afternoon. We didn’t need to do so many homework.don’t muchTherefore, we have more time with after-school activities. For example, we can do readingforfor one and a half hour and play sports for one hour every day.hoursMy dream school look like a big garden. There are all kinds of the flowers andlookstrees around the classroom buildings. We can lie on the grass for a rest, or sat by thesitlake listening∧music. The teachers here are kind and helpfully. They are not only our toteachers but also our friends.I often imagine what my life will be like in the future. I think my life will be very different in ten years. I will be twenty-eight years old by then. I will have my own family, probably with a lovely child.I hope I will work in a computer company as a program designer. I’ll enjoy my work and get along well with my colleagues. I’ll do a good job in whatever I do.In my free time, I’ll continue to take regular exercise, such as swimming, running and various ball games. On my holiday, I’ll travel around the world.In a word, my life will be much richer and more colorful.。
2014年高考上海卷英语试题解析(精编版)(解析版)
2014年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试上海英语第I卷（103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. policewoman. B. A judge. C. A reporter. D. A waitress.2. A. Confident. B. Puzzled. C. Satisfied. D. Worried.3. A. At a restaurant. B. At a car rental agency.C. In a bank.D. In a driving school.4. A. A disaster. B. A new roof. C. A performance. D. A TV station.7. A. Use a computer in the lab. B. Take a chemistry course.C. Help him revise his report.D. Gel her computer repaired.8. A. Amused. B. Embarrassed. C. Shocked. D. Sympathetic.9. A. She doesn't plan to continue studying next year.B. She has already told the man about her plan.C. She isn’t planning to leave her university.D. She recently visited a different university.10. A. It spoke highly of the mayor. B. It misinterpreted the mayor’s speech.C. It made the mayor’s view clearer.D. It earn ed the mayor’s speech accurately.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. 70 B. 20 C. 25. D. 7512. A. The houses there can't be B. It is a place for work and holiday.C. he cabins and facilitiesD. It is run by the residents themselves.13. A. A skiing B. A special communityC. A splendid mountainD. A successful businesswomanQuestions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. A. Those who often sent text messages. B. Those who suffered from heart disease.C. Those who did no physical exercise.D. whose who were unmarried15. A. They responded more slowly than usual. B. They sent more messages.C. They typed 10 percent faster on average.D. They edited more passages.16. A. Why chemical therapy works.B. Why marriage helps fight cantC. How unmarried people surviveD. How cancer is detected after marriage.Section CDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORDfor each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.What is critical thinking in reading?Assessing the writer’s ideas and thinking aboutthe 21 of what the writer is saying.What is the first step in reading an academic text critically? Finding out the argument and the writer's main line of 22 .What may serve as the evidence? 23 , survey results, examples, etc.What is the key to critical thinking? To read actively and 24 .II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the otherblanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)My Stay in New YorkAfter graduation from university, I had been unable to secure a permanent job in my small town. So I decided to leave home for New York, (25)______I might have a better chance to find a good job. (26) ______ (earn) some money to pay the daily expenses, I started work in a local caféas a waiter. I believe that (27) ______ ______ ______ I was offered a good position, I would resign at once.Over time, the high cost of living became a little burden on my already (28) ______ (exhaust) shoulder. On the other hand, my search for a respectable job had not met with much success. As I had studied literature at university, I found it quite difficult to secure a suitable job in big companies. Mother had just said that (29) ______ I want to have a better career advancement, I had to find work in the city. Perhaps (30) ______my mother had told me was deeply rooted in my mind. I just did as she had expected.Soon I had lived in the city for over six months but I still did not like it. Apparently, I had difficulty (31) ______ (adapt) myself to life in the city, let alone finding a job to my delight. After nine months of frustration, I eventually decided to go back to my small town. Not until I returned (32) ______I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me.【答案】【小题1】where【小题2】To earn【小题3】as soon as/ as long as【小题4】exhausted【小题5】if(B)The giant vending machine (自动售货机) is a new village shopVillagers have long been used to facing a drive when they run out of basic supplies. However, help is now nearer at hand in form of the country’s first automatic push-button shop. Now residents in the Derbyshire Village of Clifton can buy groceries around the clock after the huge vending was installed outside a pub in the village this week.Peter Fox, who is (33)______electrical engineer, spent two and a half years working on the project. The machine (34)______ (equip) with securing cameras and alarms and looks like a mini shop with a brick front, a grey roof and a display window.Mr. Fox said he hoped his invention, (35)______ is set to be installed in other villages in the area over the coming months, will mark a return to convenience shopping for rural communities.He said:“ I had this idea a few years ago but I couldn’t find a manufacture who could deliver what I wanted, so I did it by (36)______. The result is what amounts to huge outdoor vending machine. Yet I think the term “automatic shop” is far (37)______ (appropriate)In recent years, the commercial pressure from supermarket chains (38)______ force village shops across the country to close. In 2010, it was estimated that about 400 village shops closed, (39)______ (urge) the local government to give financial support to struggling shops or set-up new communities stores.Hundreds of communities have since stepped in and opened up their won volunteer-run shops, but Mr. Fox hopes his new invention will offer a solution (40)______these villages without a local shop.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. alertB. classifyC. commitD. delicatelyE. gentleF. imposeG. labels H. moderation I. relieve J. signals K. simplyLet's say you've decided you want to eat more healthfully. However, you don't have time to carefully plan menus for meals or read food __41__ at the supermarket. Since you really__42__ yourself to a healthier lifestyle, a little help would come in handy, wouldn't it? This is where a "choice architect" can help__43__some of the burden of doing it all yourself. Choice architects are people who organize the contexts in which customers make decisions. For example, the person who decides the layout of your local supermarket-including which shelf the peanut butter goes on, and how the oranges are piled up—is a choice architect.Governments don't have to__44__healthier lifestyles through laws for example, smoking bans. Rather, if given an environment created by a choice architect-one that encourages us to choose what is best-we will do the right things. In other words, there will be designs that gently push customers toward making healthier choices, without removing freedom of choice. This idea combines freedom to choose with__45__hints from choice architects, who aim to help people live longer, healthier, and happier lives.The British and Swedish governments have introduced a so-called "traffic light system" to __46__foods as healthy or unhealthy. This means that customers can see at a glance how much fat, sugar, and salt each product contains__47__by looking at the lights on the package. A green light __48__that the amounts of the three nutrientsare healthy; yellow indicates that the customer should be__49__; and red means that the food is high in at least one of the three nutrients and should be eaten in __50__. The customer is given important health information, but is still free to decide what to choose.【答案】【小题1】G【小题2】C【小题3】I【小题4】F【小题5】E【小题6】B【小题7】K【小题8】J【小题9】A【小题10】H【小题9】黄灯表示消费者应该警觉了。
2014年全国高考英语试题分类汇编：改错题 Word版含解析
2014全国高考汇编改错一（2014大纲卷）第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分l0分)此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。
对标有题号的每一行作出判断:如无错误.在该行右边横线上画一个勾(√):如有错误(每行只有一个错误)，则按下列情况改正:此行多一个词:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。
此行缺一个词:在缺词处加一个肠字符号(A)，在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。
此行错一个词:在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
注意:原行没有错的不要改。
All of us need friendship. The understanding 76.______________between two friends mean both of them have similar 77.______________ideas and trusting each other. Otherwise, it is 78.______________impossible for him to help each other and to make 79.______________their friendship to last long. As an old saying goes, 80.______________“A friend in need is a friend indeed.” So really friendship 81.______________should able to stand all sorts of tests. And it is 82.______________wise to have as many good friends that we can. 83.______________The more friends we have, the more we can learn for 84.______________one another, but the more pleasure we can share together. 85.______________76. √77. 【答案】means【试题解析】本句的主语是the understanding…，这是单个的动名词定语，做主语的时候，谓语动词要使用单数形式。
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2014上海高考真题解析I.Listening Comprehension（Omitted）II.Grammar and vocabularySection APassage A25. 本题考查非限定性定语从句。
由于先行词为New York，故填关系副词where引导定语从句，同时在从句中做状语。
26. 本题考查不定式在句中做目的状语。
根据后面内容some money to pay the daily expenses （一些钱来支付日常费用）可知，是为了赚钱，故填To earn。
27. 本题考查状语从句的连词。
根据设空以及后面内容I was offered a good position, I would resign at once（我被提供一个好职位，我就马上辞职）的逻辑关系可知，这里填“一……就……”或“只要……”。
故此处填as soon as 或as long as。
28. 本题考查过去分词表示“人的心理感受”。
句意为：经过一段时间，高额的生活费用成了我本来就已经疲惫的肩膀上的负担。
故填exhausted。
29. 本题考查条件状从句的连词。
根据句意…I want to have a better career advancement, I had to find work in the city“……我想要一个更好的职业发展，我就不得不在城市里找工作”可知，前句表示条件，故填if。
30. 本题考查名词性从句的连词。
根据句式结构可知，本句是一个主语从句做主语，而连词又在从句中做动词had told的宾语，故填连接代词what。
31. 本题考查短语have difficulty in doing sth的搭配，故本空填adapting。
32. 本题考查考查倒装句。
由于从句Not until I returned位于句首，且有否定词，因此句子用部分倒装结构，再根据句子的时态---一般过去时，故填did。
Passage B33. 本题考查冠词用法。
由于engineer是可数名词，而electrical前面为元音读音，故该空填不定冠词an。
34. 本题考查动词的时态和语态。
根据…and looks like a mini shop可知：首先本句用的是一般现在时；其次本句是并列谓语结构；又由于The machine和equip是动宾关系，故该空填该动词的一般现在时的被动语态is equipped。
35. 本题考查非限定性定语从句。
根据句式结构可看出，这是一个非限定性定语从句，而空中所缺的成分既代替先行词his invention，又在从句中做主语，故用关系代词which。
36. 本题考查反身代词。
根据前句I couldn’t find a manufacture who could deliver what I wanted 可以推断“所以我自己做”。
故填myself。
37. 本题考查形容词比较级。
该自动售货机英语为huge outdoor vending machine，但是作者认为用术语the term “automatic shop”相比之下应是“较合适”，即用比较级形式。
由于appropriate为多音节形容词，故前面加more。
38. 本题考查考查动词时态。
根据时间状语In recent years可知，该句用现在完成时。
故正确答案为has forced。
39. 本题考查现在分词做结果状语。
根据前句…about 400 village shops closed句意“……大约400家村店关闭”可以看出结果是“促使当地政府给挣扎的村店提供经济支持……”，故用现在分词urging。
40. 本题考查介词用法。
根据短语offer sth to sb/ sth可知，该空填to。
Section B41. G 本题考查名词搭配。
由于在超市里，所以是阅读食物标签（labels）。
故选G。
42. C 本题考查动词短语搭配。
根据所给词汇以及…yourself to a healthier lifestyle，只有commit yourself to（承诺……）符合句意。
故选C。
43. L 本题考查动词用法。
根据后面内容some of the burden of doing it all yourself以及前面动词help可知此空应填relieve（减轻），构成“……能够有助于减轻独自做这事的一些负担”。
故选L。
44. F 本题考查动词用法。
根据句子逻辑，此句意思为“政府不必通过法律来强加（impose）更健康的生活方式，如戒烟”。
故选F。
45. E 本题考查形容词用法。
根据设空，本空填形容词，而alert（警觉的）不符合句意，只有gentle（文雅的）符合句意。
故选E。
46. B 本题考查动词短语用法。
本句句意为“英国和瑞典政府引进了所谓的交通灯系统来吧食物分类为健康的或不健康的”，短语classify …as…表示“把……分类为……”，故选B。
47. K 本题考查副词用法。
根据…customers can see at a glance how much fat, sugar, and salt each product contains__47__by looking at the lights on the package（顾客们只要看包装上的指示灯一眼就能看出每一个产品含有多少脂肪、糖和盐）可知，此空填simply。
故选K。
48. J 本题考查动词用法。
由于空后所接的是宾语从句，所以该空填及物动词，结合后面indicates的意思可知，该空填signals（表示）。
故选J。
49. A 本题考查形容词用法。
根据前面“绿灯表示三种营养的量是健康的”可知“黄灯表示三种营养的量可能有问题”，因此消费者应当留心（alert）。
故选A。
50. H 本题考查名词词义。
根据句子red means that the food is high in at least one of the three nutrients（红灯意味着至少三个营养中的一个是高的）可知，这样的食物应当有节制地（in moderation）吃。
故选H。
III. Reading ComprehensionSection A[语篇导读] 本文介绍了闲聊在日常对话中的重要分量以及形成这种情况的原因。
51. C根据下文We gossip……可知，人们大多数时候都在谈八卦。
52. B本题考查副词词义。
occasionally意为“偶尔地”；habitually意为“惯常地”；independently意为“独立地”；originally意为“起初”。
原句为“我们通常用语言来干什么”故选B。
53. A根据下文“children, lovers, and colleagues”可知，本句是要表达应该怎样应对不同的社会情境，故选A。
54. D由下文的“we talk a lot about nothing in particular”可知，我们经常说一些无用的话，滥用语言，waster 更符合句意，故选D。
55. A由上文“It's not the case……”可知，Professor Robin Dunbar认为gossip是很重要的事，故选A。
56. B由下文中“instead……”可知，Professor Robin Dunbar不认同传统的观点，reject表示“排斥，拒绝”，故选B。
57. C由argue可知，Dunbar的观点与传统观点相反，for instance 表示“例如”；in addition 表示“此外”；on the contrary表示“相反地”；as a result表示“因此”故选C。
58. D结合下文可知，研究的是灵长类动物的行为，故选D。
59. A根据句意可知，猴子们形成团体是为了在内部发生争端和外部攻击时寻求支持，故选A。
60. C本题考查动词词义。
recall表示“回想”；deny表示“否定”；conclude表示“总结”；confess表示“承认”根据句意，选C。
61. D由上文59空“monkeys form groups……”可知，人们组成团体是为了寻求保护，团体越大，保护力度也越大。
故选D。
62. D结合上下文，此空应填表示“减轻，延缓”的词，故选D。
63. B根据上下文，此空应填表示“增加，延长”的词，故选B。
64. B由上文maintain its effectiveness可知，应填effective（有效的），故选B。
65. C结合全文，本文强调了语言作用，强调在语言在人类发展过程中比身体接触更有效，故选C。
Section BPassage A[语篇导读] 诚实是件好事，而有时说谎对于生存也很重要。
本文介绍了一些鸟和动物的欺诈行为，并且联系到对母性的怀疑。
66. D根据文章第二段倒数第二句“It pretends to have a broken wing”可知，应选D。
67. B结合倒数第三段以及全文可知，Chimpanzees, or chimps也是不诚实的动物，故选B。
68. A根据文章倒数第二段三、四句“But some clever chimps….. to share their food.”可知A 正确。
69. A本文认为说谎可以帮助动物生存，并举出几个例子来证明这个观点，故选A。
Passage B[语篇导读] 本文讲述了如何考虑一个人的习惯周期来设计一个能够持续的新年决定，从而达到预期的效果。
70. C根据逻辑关系如果对问题“Do you actually enjoy the reward?”的答案是否定（No），下一步应为找到另一个奖励。
故选C。
71. D根据图表中“Studies show that ……write it down”可知，应选D。
72. B结合全文可知，THE HABIT LOOP只是帮助人们达成目标的工具，人们最终的目标是在没有奖励的情况下培养习惯或坚持目标，故选B。
73. A句子“This year……an hour.”意思是今年我看到《哈利波特》的海报时，我决定读30页的英语小说或报纸才能看半个小时的电视。
所以应选A。
Passage C[语篇导读] 如果你能成为世界上的任何人，可能是谁呢？本文介绍了了身体交换以及它带来的体验。
74. B根据上文中step into the skin of another person，以及机器的名字The Machine to Be Another 可知，swap表示“交换，故选B。
75. A由文章第三段第一句“To get used to……having control of it”可知，B错误，C原文中没有提到，排除，由第三段中最后一句“participants really start……person's body”可知，D 错误，故选A。