第五次课--抽象与具体的翻译

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《英汉对比研究》第8章抽象与具体

《英汉对比研究》第8章抽象与具体

第八章抽象与具体(Abstract vs.Concrete)英语的名词化往往导致表达的抽象化。

G.M.Young曾指出,“an excessive reliance on the noun at the expense of the verb will,in the end,detach the mind of the writer from the realitiesof here and now, from when and how and in what mood the thing was done.and insensibly induce a habit of abstraction, generalization and vagueness.”英语的抽象表达法(method of abstract diction)主要见于大量使用抽象名词。

这类名词涵义概括,指称笼统,覆盖面广,往往有一种“虚”、“泛”、“暗”、“曲”、“隐”的“魅力”,因而便于用来表达复杂的思想和微妙的情绪。

如:1)The signs of the times point to the necessity of the modification of the system of=It is becoming clear that the administrative system must be,administration.(“Times”)(modified)管理体制需要改革,这已越来越清楚了。

2)No year passes now without evidence of the truth of the statement that the work ofow true it government is becoming increasingly difficult.(“Spectator”)(=Every year shows again his that…)行政管理工作已变得越来越困难了,每年都证明确实如此。

05b.词义的处理

05b.词义的处理
【译文】小伙子人长得是年轻英俊,脑子里 却是白纸一张。(具体)
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例3(p.70): It was as if he were reading me, absorbing all the information I provided, and adding details from his own experience and imagination to create a truer understanding of my words. (Marlena
5. 1. 5 词义选择, 看词在句中的位置
词义选择要看词在句子中的位置,前后的“邻居”等, 位置改变,意思随之而改变,邻居不同,词义不同。 例1:only (p.67) 1) The French only love arts. 【译文】法国人只爱文艺而已。(“only”是副词,强调动词
“love”)
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例2:sight(p.65) 1) It cost him a sight of trouble. 【译文】那给他招来一大堆麻烦。 2) I know him only by sight. 【译文】我跟他只是面熟。 3) He fell in love with her at first sight.【译文】他对她一见钟情。 4) The next election was already in sight. 【译文】下届选举已经临近。 5) Take a careful sight before firing. 【译文】瞄准之后再射击。 【译文】做你认为对的事。 6
【译文】生活有苦也有甜。(抽象)
例2(p.69):Watch out for Harlow, he’s full of mickey mouse ideas.

100句翻译第五次课53-65句翻译笔记

100句翻译第五次课53-65句翻译笔记

麻烦老师帮我看看我这几个翻译句子有什么问题吗?53句:Illegal hunting can contribute to extinction of some animals.写成the extinction of some animalsOf是指所属关系有限定作用加上the更好54句:Most girls are relunctant(reluctant)to find jobs in a male-dominated world没有问题55句:The major role played by schools is to impart knowledge to the next generation句子结构没有错误但这么表达很作57句:Because of the undesirable意思不准确economic outlook, it is impossible for some companies to recruit new employees.undesirable60句:Population explosion contributes to the generation不是产生的意思of enormous rubbishes.53句:正确翻译:正确的句子:Some animals have died out because of illegal hunting主谓结构,die out是不及物动词,because of作原因状语。

Extinct,名词是extingction (extinction),可以写作lead to/cause extinction,不要用go extinction,本句翻译die out可以换成become extinct一个句子里出现两个谓语主谓不一致,应该是results,应该是the extinction,不可数而且要特指特指是因为of的限定关系Cause sthcause sb/sth to do sth 没有cause do54句:正确答案:正确的句子:The impact of computers on communication skills varies across ages.句子结构:主语(impact)+不及物动词(varies);“of computers on literacy skills”都是定语Human这个词太大,可以换成people应该是communication skills表示一个人的年龄增长去掉influence应该改成varies across agesCommunication skills错误同上:impact的搭配是on 比如:have an impact/influence onImpact of 表示。

具体译法和抽象译法

具体译法和抽象译法

非常罕见
→once in a blue moon
干苦差事
1
→hold(carry)the baby
2
反应快
3
→think on one’s feet
4
→quick on the trigger
5
保密
6
→keep something under one’s hat
7
05
We should by no means neglect the evaporation of water.
6
顺手牵羊→walk off with something
7
唇枪舌剑→engage in a battle of argument
8
黔驴技穷→at one’s wit’s end
9
I was practically on my knees but he still refused.
我几乎是苦苦哀求,但他依然拒绝。
我们绝不能忽视水的蒸发作用。
All the people were exasperated by his fault-find怒了。
His arrogance sent him into isolation and helplessness.
他的傲慢态度使他孤立无援。
He is a rolling stone I don’t think he can go far.
他是个见异思迁的人,我想他不会有多大出息。
I’ll break my neck to get this done by Friday, but I can’t promise for sure.
我一定会尽最大努力在星期五以前完成此事,但是我不能打包票。

翻译课件第五章

翻译课件第五章

1. He is a rolling stone. I don’t think he can go far. 2. The matter was finally settled under the table. 3. She sailed into the room. 4. 敌军闹得全村鸡犬不宁。 5. 她一生中的酸甜苦辣。
11. Love lives in cottages as well as in courts 爱情不分贵贱。 爱情不分贵贱。 12. You should not show your hand to a stranger. 对陌生人要保持戒心。 对陌生人要保持戒心。 13. She was born with a silver spoon in her mouth. 她生长在富贵之家。 她生长在富贵之家。
15,这是他们夫妻之间的事情,你去插一脚 插一脚干吗? 插一脚 That’s a business of their own, between husband and wife. Why should you get involved in it? 16. 她毛遂自荐 毛遂自荐来这所小学做老师。 毛遂自荐 She volunteered for the teaching post in this primary school.
• 二 原文具体,译文抽象(从具体到抽象) 原文具体,译文抽象(从具体到抽象)
9.
Over the past hundred odd years, the Chinese people have gone through storm and stress, and in the course of vigorous struggle they have accomplished a great historic transformation. 在过去的一百多年间,中国人民历经沧桑 沧桑, 在过去的一百多年间,中国人民历经沧桑, 在奋起斗争的过程中完成了伟大的历史变革。 在奋起斗争的过程中完成了伟大的历史变革。 10. I dragged up stairs, whence, after putting on my dry clothes, and pacing to and fro for thirty or forty minutes to restore the animal heat. 我拖拖遢遢地上楼去,换上干衣服后, 我拖拖遢遢地上楼去,换上干衣服后,踱来踱 去走了三四十分钟好恢复元气 元气。 去走了三四十分钟好恢复元气。

(完整word版)新编英语教程5(1-12)课文翻译

(完整word版)新编英语教程5(1-12)课文翻译

Unit 1 恰到好处你见过一个笨手笨脚的男人往箱子上钉钉子吗?只见他左敲敲,右敲敲,说不准还会将整个钉子锤翻,结果敲来敲去到头来只敲进了半截。

而娴熟的木匠就不这么干。

他每敲一下都会坚实巧妙地正对着钉头落下去,一钉到底。

语言也是如此。

一位优秀的艺术家谴词造句上力求准确而有力地表达自己的观点。

差不多的词,不准确的短语,摸棱两可的表达,含糊不清的修饰,都无法使一位追求纯真英语的作家满意。

他会一直思考,直至找到那个能准确表达他的意思的词。

法国人有一个很贴切的短语来表达这样一个意思,即“le mot juste”, 恰到好处的词。

有很多关于精益求精的作家的名人轶事,比如福楼拜常花几天的时间力求使一两个句子在表达上准确无误。

在浩瀚的词海中,词与词之间有着微妙的区别,要找到能恰如其分表达我们意思的词绝非易事。

这不仅仅是扎实的语言功底和相当大的词汇量的问题,还需要人们绞尽脑汁,要观察敏锐。

选词是认识过程的一个步骤,也是详细描述我们的思想感情并表达出来使自己以及听众和读者深刻理解的一个环节。

有人说:“在我思想未成文之前,我怎么知道自己的想法?”这听起来似乎很离谱,但它确实很有道理。

寻找恰如其分的词的确是件不容易的事。

一旦找到了那个词,我们就会感到很欣慰:辛劳得到了回报。

准确地用语言有助于我们深入了解我们描述的事物。

例如,当有人问你:“某某是怎么样的人?”你回答说:“恩,我想他是个不错的家伙,但他非常……”接着你犹豫了,试图找到一个词或短语来说明他到底讨厌在哪里。

当你找到一个恰当的短语的时候,你发觉自己对他的看法更清楚,也更精确了。

一些英语词汇词根相同而意义却截然不同。

例如human 和humane,二者的词根相同,词义也相关,但用法完全不同。

“ human action (人类行为)”和“humane action ( 人道行为)”完全是两码事。

我们不能说“人道权力宣言”,而是说“人权宣言”。

有一种屠杀工具叫“humane killer ( 麻醉屠宰机),而不是human killer ( 杀人机器)。

2010级翻译第五次材料

2010级翻译第五次材料

2010级翻译第五次材料2010级翻译第五次材料:Step one: lead-in——some related question1. How do you deal with the words of the two different languages in sentences?2. Do you know any technique that can be applied to deal with the words?Step two: introduction to the related knowledgeA. Transformation of meaning在英汉两种语言的翻译过程中,对词义的理解、翻译和转换至关重要。

英语和汉语词汇并不是“一一对应”的关系。

英国哲学家维根斯坦(Ludwing Wittgenstain) 说过“The meaning of the word is its use in the language.”英国伦敦语言学派创始人弗斯(J.R. Firth)也指出“Each word when used in a new context, is a new word.”.1. 词义的选择(1). 根据上下文选择词义eg.1. She’s got black hair and green eyes.2. His words kept my memory green.3. Tom was green when he heard his roommate had found a good job.4. He is still green at job.5. We had a green winter last year.6. The apples are too green to eat.(2). 根据词类确定词义英语中的一些词汇,由于词性不同,词义也不同。

翻译时应先判断该词在句子中的词类,再确定词义。

新编英语教程5课文翻译(unit115)(学生必备)

新编英语教程5课文翻译(unit115)(学生必备)

Unit 1 hit the nail on the head 恰到好处Have you ever watch‎e d a clums‎y man hamme‎r ing a nail into a box? He hits it first‎to one side, then to anoth‎e r, perha‎p s knock‎i ng it over compl ‎e t ely‎,so that in the end he only gets half of it into the wood. A skill ‎f u l carpe‎n ter, on the other‎hand, will drive‎the nail with a few firm, deft blows‎,hitti‎n g it each time squar‎e ly on the head. So with langu‎a ge; the good craft‎s man will choos‎e words‎that drive‎home his point‎firml‎y and exact‎l y. A word that is more or less right‎,a loose‎phras‎e, an ambig‎u ous expre‎s sion‎,a vague‎adjec‎t ive(模糊的形容‎词), will not satis‎f y a write ‎r who aims at clean‎Engli‎s h. He will try alway‎s to get the word that is compl‎e tely‎right‎for his purpo‎s e.你见过一个‎笨手笨脚的‎男人往箱子‎上钉钉子吗‎?只见他左敲‎敲,右敲敲,说不准还会‎将整个钉子‎锤翻,结果敲来敲‎去到头来只‎敲进了半截‎。

翻译的基本技巧--抽象与具体

翻译的基本技巧--抽象与具体

翻译的基本技巧——抽象与具体中国人的思维趋向于具象化,而西方人的思维则趋向于抽象化。

中国传统文化的重要特征之一是“尚象”,而西方文化的重要特征之一是“尚思”。

中国人“尚象”的文化传统形成了其偏重具象的思维方式。

而西方人“尚思”的文化传统形成了其偏重抽象的思维方式。

英语常用大量的抽象名词来表达实的概念。

例如:The absence of intelligence is an indication of satisfactory developments.(= No news is good news. )译文:没有消息就是好消息。

英语抽象名词的译法一)由动词抽象而来的的名词译成动词英语中有名词化倾向,即用名词表示动作、行为等有动词表达的意义。

这种词多是动词的同源名词。

如:1)The 1967 UN document calls for the settlement ofthe Middle East conflict on the basis of Israeli withdrawalfrom occupied territories and Arab acknowledgement ofIsrael' s right to exist.1967年的联合国文件呼吁解决中东冲突,其基础是以色列从被占领的土地上撤退,阿拉伯国家则承认以色列人的生存权。

2) The growing awareness by millions of people oftheir intolerable condition of life had promoted them torevolt.千百万人民日益意识到自己的生活条件不堪忍受,这促使他们起来反抗。

二) 含有动作意义的抽象名词译成动词英语中另一个倾向是许多名词有动词意义或动作意义,这类词汇在译成汉语时通常要译为动词。

如1) She said this with a provocative glance and a gleam of teeth.他说这话时挑衅地看了一眼,还把牙一呲。

抽象与具体译法

抽象与具体译法

中国人的思维方式和西方人不同,西方人喜欢抽象,长于分析;而中国人喜欢具体,长于综合。

由于风俗和语言上的差异,西方人习惯使用含有抽象意义的词语表达思想。

此类句子在译成中文时如果处理不当,译文就会晦涩难懂,很别扭。

因此,在进行英汉翻译时,应注意汉语习惯,对句子或词语进行妥善处理,力求使译文流畅、准确,使隐形的信息具体化、概括化。

1.将抽象名词(或代词)具体化西方人在英语中经常使用抽象的概念来表示具体事物。

在英语译为汉语的过程中,大多数情况下,将抽象化为具体,有助于提高译文质量。

1)I have too much to tell you and don't know what to begin with.我有许多话要对你说,却不知道从何说起。

(原句中的much译为“许多话”,使译文流畅。

)2)Was ever such nonsense written?这样荒唐的东西有人写过吗?(nonsense“胡说八道、废话”在句中被译为“荒唐的东西”,译得恰到好处。

)3)The workshop director issued a communication outlining the details of the work to be done on the shutdown and safety rules to be followed during the work.车间主任签发了一份通知,概括了停机期间的工作项目以及工作中要遵守的安全规则。

(communication意为“通讯、联络、传达”,译文中转译成“通知”,保持上下文自然通顺。

)4)You may have something of Roosevelt,something of a Newton in yourself;you may have something very much greater than either of these men manifested waiting your help to give it expression.你或许有罗斯福的才能,牛顿的智慧,你或许具有比他们两人更加伟大的本领,在等待着你将它表现出来。

抽象与具体表达法的英汉对比研究——以《简爱》(JaneEyre)为例

抽象与具体表达法的英汉对比研究——以《简爱》(JaneEyre)为例

2018年06期总第394期ENGLISH ON CAMPUS抽象与具体表达法的英汉对比研究——以《简爱》(Jane Eyre)为例文/周昕【摘要】由于英汉民族历史、文化等多方面的差异,英语惯用抽象表达法,而汉语则更偏向于具体的表达手法。

这是英汉两种语言的一大显著差异,而此差异的存在,给英汉互译造成了一定难度。

本文通过对《简爱》(Jane Eyre)两个经典译本——祝庆英译本和黄源深译本的对比分析,结合两译本中的具体案例,探讨英汉互译中抽象与具体表达法的差异。

【关键词】抽象与具体;简爱;英汉对比【作者简介】周昕(1994- ),女,山东菏泽人,贵州师范大学外国语学院,研究方向:英语笔译翻译。

一、引言英汉对比研究表明,英语往往运用抽象的、一般的概念来表达具体的意象,抽象思维是主要思维方式,而汉语则倾向于具体的表达形式,善于把事物具象化,具象思维占据主导地位。

《简·爱》的汉译本目前已多达20余种,其中上海译文出版社1990年出版的由祝庆英翻译的译本(译文版)和译林出版社1994年出版的由黄源深翻译的译本(译林版)是较为出色的两个汉译本。

《简·爱》的英文原版中涉及大量抽象表达,本文将这两个译本对抽象表达的处理方式进行对比,继而分析出英汉互译中抽象与具体表达方式的差异。

二、抽象和具体思维与英汉语言特征中西方受地理、历史和认知等因素的影响,形成了不同的思维方式,西方侧重于抽象思维方式,中方则倾向于具象思维。

西方人在思维模式上比较注重科学和理性,更加看重分析和实践,喜欢在重复的论证中实现对事物的认识,最后才归纳总结事物的本质特征,找出内在的规律。

而中国的思维模式则是更加看重经验且依靠直觉,喜欢从总体上把握和认识事物,对事物本质和规律的认知也是从模糊的总体上来完成的。

因此,在词汇的使用上,西方人更习惯用范畴词来表示具体的事物,多使用抽象名词、不定时、动名词甚至是主语从句作为话题主体,而中国的象形文字就决定了汉语具象化的特点,多倾向于使用具象化的词汇。

高中英语必修5课文逐句翻译(人教版)

高中英语必修5课文逐句翻译(人教版)

1.必修五Unit 1 JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”约翰·斯诺击败“霍乱王”John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛,因而成为照料维多利亚女王的私人医生。

But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时,他就感到很振奋。

This was the deadly disease of its day.霍乱在当时是最致命的疾病,Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人们既不知道它的病源,也不了解它的治疗方法。

So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.每次霍乱暴发时,就有大批惊恐的老百姓死去。

John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem.约翰·斯诺想面对这个挑战,解决这个问题。

He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found.他知道,在找到病源之前,霍乱疫情是无法控制的。

He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.斯诺对霍乱致人死地的两种推测都很感兴趣。

lesson 5 课文翻译和词汇

lesson 5 课文翻译和词汇
uremia (n.) : a toxic condition caused by the presence in the blood of waste produts normally eliminated in the urine and resulting from a failure of the kidneys to secrete urine尿毒症
preposterous (adj.) : so contrary to nature,reason, or common sense as to be laughable;absurd;ridiculous反常的;乖戾的;十分荒谬的;愚蠢的
pier (n.) : a heavy column,usually square. used to support weight,as at the end of an arch角柱;支柱
lacerate (v.) : tear jaggedly;mangle(something soft,as flesh);wound or hurt(one's feelings,etc.)deeply;distress撕裂;割碎(肉等软组织);伤害(感情等);使…伤心
pretentious (adj.) : making claims,explicit or implicit,to some distinction,importance,dignity,or excellence自负的;自命不凡的;自大的
forsake (v.) : give up;renounce(a habit,idea,etc.);leave;abandon抛弃,放弃(思想、习惯等);遗弃;背弃 malarious (adj.) : of fever conveyed by mosquitoes疟疾的;空气污浊的

Lesson 5 词语的翻译

Lesson 5 词语的翻译

蕴涵意义(connotation, what it suggests beyond what it expressed, the overtones of meaning),指 词语内含的情感和联想意义,是词语的隐含意义, 反映该民族特有的思维方式和社会文化. 词的蕴涵意义在不同语言中往往有天壤之别,甚至同 种语言内类似指称意义的词语蕴涵意义也不尽相同. 如: 1) 他是个纸老虎.
6) When you know a thing, to hold that you know it, and when you do not know a thing, to allow that you do not know it ---- this is knowledge. 7)If you stay, I will, too. 8)Xiao Ma was no more than twelve or thirteen years old, with a very lean face. 9)Why should she have committed suicide for no reason? It's rather odd. 10)It's a long story. 11)His name is on the tip of my tongue. 12)You have failed to hand in your exercises three days in a row. This is really inexcusable. 13)He could tell time even when he was two. 14)I can read your mind. 15)If you think it's all right, then buy it.

第四次课--抽象与具体的翻译

第四次课--抽象与具体的翻译

第四次课--抽象与具体的翻译From Concrete to Abstract or Vice Versa 具体和抽象译法Abstract andConcrete小伙子年轻年轻漂亮,脑子里却是一张白纸。

? A nice enough young fellow, youunderstand, nothing upstairs.我军势如破竹,打得敌军落花流水。

Our army won a smooth andoverwhelming victory.三个人品字式坐下,随便谈了几句。

The three men sat down facing each other and began casually chatting.聪明人防患于未然,愚蠢者临渴掘井。

Wisdom prepares the worst, but folly leaves the worst for the day it comes.《秋思》—马致远枯藤老树昏鸦小桥流水人家古道西风瘦马O’er old tree wreathed with rotten fly evening crows;’Neath tiny bridge beside a clear stream flows;On ancient road in western breeze a lean horse goes;---- 许渊冲译《商山早行》--温庭筠?鸡声茅店月人迹板桥霜The cock crows as the moon set o’er thatchedinn;Footprints are left on wood bridge pavedwith frost.许渊冲译A.英语的逻辑和理性的显著特点就是抽象性a. 亚里斯多德的形式逻辑和欧洲16-18世纪盛行的理性主义导致人们的思维注重“以理服人”,不注重“以情感人”。

? Plato actually thought that these abstractions had a greater reality than theproperties of objects in the physical world.为了使语言表达冷静,必须多用名词、尤其是抽象名词。

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你告不赢他的,县里当官的和他同穿一条裤子 You won‟t win the lawsuit against him. Officials in the county are hand in glove with him. 他的话把我打入闷葫芦(calabash)里了
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在整个项目中,他不仅无用,甚至还成为了累赘。 He is a white elephant in the whole project. 刹车声刺激了大家的神经。 The screeching of the brakes got on our nerves. 静谧的小巷里想起了清脆的自行车铃声。 The crisp jangling of the bicycle rises from the quite alley.
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具体—抽象
想起年轻时的一些事情,他心里感到甚是欣慰。 It was the memories of his youth that gave him great comfort. 我知道我会碰到严寒酷暑。 I knew I would encounter extremes of weather.
His words threw me into bewilderment.
才有了一点进步,他就翘兔子尾巴了。
With some progress, he became cocky.
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1992年后,一些西方国家失业现象严重。 After 1992, there has been serious unemployment in some Western countries. 黑暗中一个黑影吓得他魂飞魄散。 He was half dead with a black figure in the darkness. 他拜倒在了她的石榴裙下。 He worshipped her on his knees.
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我们决不能姑息坏人。 We should never warm snakes in our bosoms. 我不想依靠父母过日子。 I don‟t want to hang on my parents sleeves. 同反复无常的人没法相处。 It‟s hard to get along with a man blowing hot and cold.
若喻义不同,只好放弃原文形象,只译其喻义. 我不贪图下海挣大钱,只想毕业后在中学里找个铁 饭碗。 I don‟t want to earn good money by engaging myself in trade, I just want to find upon graduation a secured job in a middle school.
他等着她来,急得像热锅上的蚂蚁。 He waited for her arrival with a frenzied agitation.
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那一刻,我感到她的颤抖,第一次明白她也有脆弱的一面。 At that moment I felt her back racked with emotion. For the first time I understood her vulnerability. 目前,公司的经营情况已有所好转。 At present ,the business in our company is turning for the better. 科学化、民主化的决策是实行民主集中制的重要环节。 Scientific and democratic decision-making is essential to democratic centralism.
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会谈中,双方集中讨论了保护知识产权方面的问题。 During the talks, their discussion has been centered round protection of intellectual property rights. 他们的乐观主义精神令我们大为感动。 Their optimism moved us greatly. 会上,两方发生争执,一方拂袖而去。 The two parties fell into fierce dispute. At last one party got up abruptly and walked off in a huff.
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在不违反译语规范和不影响读者理解的前提下, 尽量保留原有形象,稍加变通,增加一些简单的说 明性文字。
当下磕头如捣蒜,只求饶命。 Kowtowing as quickly as a pestle pounding garlic, he begged that his life be spared.
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抽象译法一方面把比喻形象上较为具体的单词词 组或成语进行抽象概括,如: 开门见山→come straight to the point 狗急跳墙→do something desperate 另一方面,抽象译法也包括带有范畴词的具体化 名词在语言形式上的抽象化译法,主要是在翻译 过程中去掉后面的范畴词,如: 谦虚态度→modesty 发展过程→development 无知的表现→innocence
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快乐的人 微不足道的小人物 棘手的事 脾气不好的人 勤奋卖力的人

A jolly dog A small potato Hot potatoes A surly dog A work horse
More examples:
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抽象译法就是把具体的或比较具体的名词用 抽象或比较抽象的名词来翻译。 汉语中的名词倾向于具体,常常用实的形式 表示虚的概念,以具体的形象表达抽象的内 容;而抽象名词的大量使用是现代英语的一 个特点。 Rudolf Flesch:Chinese is concrete, clear and picturesque while English is abstract, obscure and long-winded.
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徇私作风 观光场所 走私活动 纸醉金迷 赤胆忠心 粗枝大叶 单枪匹马

favoritism Tourist attraction Smuggling Of life of luxury and dissipation Ardent loyalty Be crude and careless Be single-handed in doing sth
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他这个人只管自己的事。 He is a man who hoes his own potatoes. 你真是说话不看对象。 You are really casting pearls before swine. 这个男孩真粗心,他的书都已经折角了。 This boy is too careless; all his books are dogeared.
From Concrete to Abstract or Vice Versa 具体和抽象译法
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抽象性词语、形象性词语
形象与抽象是两个相互对立、相互依存的概念,翻译 时,既可保留其原有个性,也可使其相互转化。一般 说来,表范畴的抽象词无须译出。
•1) 他善于做信访工作。 •He is experienced in handling letters and visits from the
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抽象—具体 区分好人和坏人并不是一件容易的事。 It is not easy to separate the sheep from the goats. 他知道不论境遇如何,都可以把家庭作为靠山。 He knows he can depend on his family, rain or shine. 评论家和读者之间,也就是理智和情感之间的这种分歧如何 解释呢? How do we account for the split between the critics and the readers, the head and the heart.
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•只要你嫁给我,鸡鸭鱼肉,绫罗绸缎,一辈子享受不 尽。 •If you are willing to marry me, you will enjoy the luxuries all your life.
•我们都来自五湖四海。 •We are from all corners of the country.
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具体译法主要包括三种类型: 1.语义上具体化。 eg:运输→运输工具。班级→全班学生 2.抽象名词在语言形式上的具体化手法,主要是 在抽象名词后面加上范畴词。 eg:蒸发作用,傲慢态度,转换过程 3.抽象名词在比喻形象上的具体化手法。 eg:非常胆小→胆小如鼠 姑息坏人→warm snakes in our bosoms 分清好坏→separate sheep from goats
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