短文改错专题复习

短文改错专题复习[复习讲义]英语复习短文改错专题NMET短文改错的解题基本思路应该是：一．以句为单位，找行中错误，每行必有一个判断（错词、多词、少词和正确），而判断的依据一定是上下文，最小单位是一个完整的句子。

二．以篇为单位，找句中错误。

许多时候，就某一行或某一句单独而言常常难以判断其是否正确，错误何在，而必须以全篇为一整体才可对该句，进而对该行作出判断。

具体解题过程中，应该注意把握九个一致问题：一．时态一致短文中谓语动词的时态与上下文，特定语言环境及该句的时间状语是否保持了呼应与一致。

例1． My favorite sport is football. I was a member of our football team. (NMET’98)全文都是一般现在时，此句中was 虽然与上下问不一致，应改为am。

例2．I remembered her words and calm down.( NMET’ 2000)此处为一描述过去事件的语境，应与前文remembered 保持一致，须改为calmed。

例3． Today, it is much easier to be healthy than it is in the past. (NMET’ 93)第一个is 与时间状语today保持一致，地第二个is则应改为was, 使之与其时间状语in the past 一致。

二．主谓一致谓语动词在人称和数上是否与主语保持一致。

例4．Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library.(NMET’2000)主语为A and B时，谓语动词一般为复数，应改为are。

例6．Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong…(NMET’98)此处与例4，例5不同，谓语动词makes与上下文保持一致，为正确的用法，而play须改Playing 才可与此处其它部分一致。

三．平行一致not only…but also…, either…or…, neither…nor…以及and, but, or等并列连词或词组连接的结构可称为平行结构。

在平行结构中，词性时态等形式须保持前后一致。

例7．Playing footba ll not only makes… but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit.( NMET’98)依据平行一致原则，此处give应与前文 makes保持一致，改为gives.例8．It was very kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home. (NMET’96) 此句中的drove应与前文to meet保持平行，故改为drive。

四．数的一致名词的数须与其修饰语保持一致例9．We study quite a few subject, such as maths,Chinese…(NMET’97) quite a few只修饰复数名词，保持一致,subject 应改为subjects.例10．They … asked me lots of question.(NMET’96)与lots of 保持一致的只能是复数名词，应改为questions.五．主饰一致句中的主要词（中心词）应与其修饰词间保持一致。

除了例9，例10外，还有例11．…so that I’ll get good marks in all my subject.(NMET2001)all 若修饰可数名词时，其后名词应为复数。

subject该为subjects。

例12．She said that she and my schoolmate all wished mesuccess.(NMET2000) all修饰的主语部分应是三者以上，故schoolmate 应为schoolmates.例13．Unfortunate, there are too many people…(NMET’99)Unfortunate应作状语，修饰整个句子，此时应为副词unfortunately 才可保持一致。

例14．I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together.(NMET’95) 修饰名词，应为a wonderful time.六．指代一致用于指代的各类代词应在数、格、性上与上下文保持一致。

例15．The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.(NEMT’96) The Smiths 为一复数概念，故指代词也应为第三人称复数 their.例16．I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China. (NMET’97)此处应为作主语的关系代词which.例17．And I can’t forget the food you cooked for I. (NMET’95)此处I 应作介词的宾语，故改为me 才可保持一致。

七．语态一致句中谓语动词或非谓语动词应与上下文语态保持一致。

例18．Books may be keep for four weeks. (NEMT’94)与其主语Books相对应，此处应为被动语态，故keep应改为kept。

八．搭配一致句中的固定搭配应保持完整并与上下文一致。

例19．I felt so nervous as I shook like a leaf. (NMET’2000) 后跟从句，保持一致须用so…that结构这一固定搭配。

as改为that.例20．I look forward to hear from you soon. (NMET’97)look forward to 中to 是介词，其后应为动名词hearing。

例21．But it didn’t matter that I would win or not. (NMET’2000)与其后or not 保持一致时应用whether。

例22．I have neither brothers nor sisters---in any other words, I am an only child.(NMET2001)in any other words意为“换言之”，应为in other words。

九．逻辑一致例23．She was smiling but nodding at me.(NMET’2000)上下文看，应为She---my English teacher微笑且点头鼓励我，but 应为and。

例24．Now someone at home reads instead. (NMET’99)从上文可知，因为无电视可看，人人都只好读书，someone 改为everyone或everybody.例25．And they must not break the rules too often if we wantto win the game.(NMET’98)通读全文，都是用第一人称，这时突然用到they,显然不一致，应改为we.[实战演练一]⑴Most families in China hoped their single childrenwill 76．_______have a happy future, so they are very strict in theirchildren. 77．_______So do teachers in schools! Many children are given so much 78．_______homework that they have hardly any spare time have sports. 79．_______The children are forbidden to do anything but to study. No 80．_______wonder so many children are tired of lessons. Some even 81．_______attack or kill his parents and teachers! I believe many people 82．_______already read this kind of news in newspapers or magazines. 83．_______Shouldn’t we draw lesson from the accident s? Now our 84．_______government is making out a plan to solve the education problems .85．_______⑵Nowadays, almost every family has TV set, and almost 76．_______TV has many advantages, for example, it informs us the 78．_______latest news which is happening in the world; it can open our 79．_______eyes, enlarge our knowledge and also help us to see more 80．_______about the worlD． But, it also has some disadvantages. People 81．______waste too much time in watching TV and his normal life 82．_______and work are affecteD． To the children who they spendtoo 83．_______much time in watching TV, it can do harmful to theirsight 84．_______and healthy. So we should control the time of watchingTV. 85．_______⑶ A few months after returning the US from Germany, Itook 76._______part in a college course in French. Since I havelearned 77._______to say German well in Germany, I thought it mightbe 78.______interested to begin studying another language. Atthe 79._______first class, the teacher asked us to do apronunciation 80._______exercise in it he would say a word or two in French,and 81._______each student would do their best to copy. When he gotto 82._______me, he kept having me to say more words, andI 83.______finally asked him why. “I find it great fun,” sheexplained 84._______it. “In 25 years of teaching at school, it’s the first time 85._______ I’ve heard an American speak French with a German accent.”⑷ The Huaihe River has been serious polluted. Day andnigh76._______ millions of tons of waste water is beingpoured down to from 77._______ ? hundreds of factories. The waste water is harmful. At present78._______ ?there is no fish in it. The river water cannot be drunk. People in 79._______either bank have to dig wells to take drinking water.The Huaihe 80. _______River is such dirty and poisonous that people don’t dareswim 81._______ ?in it. Something must be done to stopping the pollution. The 82._______ ?government and the people near the river must try to clear water 83._______ as soon as possible. Now special attention has paid tothe 84._______will be prevented in the near future.?How are you? Today I’ve got a wonderful news to tellyou. 76._______I have offered a scholarship at a university in Australia formy 77._______further education. One hundred and twenty students tookexam 78._______for it, but only a few was chosen and I was one of them. However, 79._______my parents are not happy about it. They are strong againstme 80._______going there. They say it is too far away that they will not seeme 81._______for a whole year and they are afraid of I will feel lonely.They 82._______can’t imagine a girl so young live alone. They advise me tostudy 83._______in the capital instead. Then I’ll be able to continue livi ngwith 84._______them. How can I persuade them to accept the fact I have grown up? 85._______ Best wishes,Jane⑹ A person’s age no longer tells you something about 76. ________ his social position, marriage or healthy. There’s no longer, 77. ________a particular year which one goes to school or goes to 78. ________work or gets married or start a family. The social clock 79. ________that kept us on time and told us when go to school, get 80. ________a job, or stop working isn’t as strong as it was used to be. 81. ________It doesn’t surprise us to hear a 28-year-old university 82.________president or a 35-year-old grandmother, or 70-year-old 83. ________al l know, public’s ideas are changing nowadays. 85. ________⑺ It is difficult for parents to teach your children to be responsible76.________(有责任的) for housework, but with one of the followed suggestions, 77.________you really can get your children help you at home. If you giveyour 78.________children the impression which they can never do anything quite right, 79.________then they will regard themselves unfit or unable persons. Unless they 80.________Don’t always scold and give lots of praise instead. Talkabout 82.________what they’ve done right, but about what they haven’t done. Ifyour 83.________trip or a ball game of Dad. 85.________⑻ Before I went to senior middle school, some peoplestold 76._______me. “A life of senior middle school isunforgettable.” 77._______While I first entered my senior middle school,everything 78._______seemed unpleasant. Face all the strange things aroundme, 79._______I often miss my old friends and classmates. I didn’twant 80._______school record went from bad to worse, especiallymy 82._______maths. I couldn’t even pass the exam. I lost the heartand 83._______mis sed the happy times all day long. I told me, “Idon’t 84._______belong to it. I don’t like the life here.” 85._______⑼ Tom and Dick are next door neighbour whowork 76.________in the same office so they walked together to andfrom 77.________office. Some day as they were walking home togetherit 78.________sudden started to rain. Tom quickly opened hisumbrella 79.________and said, “My wife surely has foresight (预见) . Shesaid 80.________on this morning it would rain and told me to carrymy 81.________umbrella with me.” Dick smiled and walked to him,said, 82.________“My wife has even great foresight. She told me notto 83.________carry an umbrella and as she knew you wouldcertainly 84.________have with you.” 85.________⑽ Dear Sir or Madam,I see your advertisement in a student magazine and 76.______I’m interesting to know more about your diving courses. 77. ______First of all, I should explain that although I can swim I’m 78. ______not very confident in the water. But you mentioned your 79. ______advertisement that your instructors are full qualified(称职), 80. ______so I believe they’ll able to teach someone like me to dive. 81.______I have one week’s holiday in the three week of June 82.______and would like to know that if there’s a course running at 83. ______that time. How much does a week’s course worth? Finally, 84. ______if I decide to go ahead, are there any special equipment I 85. ______I look forward to hearing from you.Sincerely yours,Tom⑾ Dear Xiaohua,It is four days since Mother accepted the operation. 76._______She is feeling much more better. The doctors told me 77._______the operation was successful, but because her old age 78._______she had to stay in hospital for other two weeks. The 79._______doctors also say it was quite necessary for her to 80._______do so. We expect to get a full report in two and three 81._______days. Please tell the good news to the rest of family 82._______send flowers to Mother. She will feel happily. 85. _______Yours,Xiaohui⑿ Football is most popular game in England: one hasonly 76._______to go to one of the important match to see this. Richand 77._______poor, young and old, one can see them all there, shoutand 78._______cheering for one side or the other. One of thesurprised 79._______things about football in England to a stranger is thegreat 80._______knowledge of the game which still the smallest boyseems 81._______to have it. He can tell you the names of the players inmost 82._______of the important team, he has photographs of themand 83._______know the results of large numbers of matches. He will tell 84. _______you his opinion which is usual as valuable as that of the adults.85._______⒀ Climbing is my favourite sport. I am very food it, 76. _______especially in later autumn. One day early in the morning, 77. _______my friends and I put on our sports shoes and start off. 78. _______After climbing for half an hour, we got at the top of 79._______the mountain. There we had a good view miles around. In 80._______the north, a big river crossed the city. There were many 81._______ships sail busily. A lot of beautiful trees were there, too. 82._______The sun started to go down, for it was time for us 83. _______ to go back. On the road back, we were laughing and 84._______talking all the time. We had a good time on that day. 85._______⒁ Before lunch Allen happened to see a man fishedin 76.______a ditch about five metre outside a bar. Allen stopped 77.______regarded him like a foolish man. Allen’s heart wentout 79.______of him. He said kindly to fish-catcher, “Hello, will 80.______ you please do me a favor and have a drink withme 81.______in the bar?” The man gladly received his invitation. 82.______ After buying the man several cups soft-drinks, 83.______ Allen asked, “You are fishing there, right? May I 84.______ know how much fish you have caught thismorning?” 85.______“You are the number 8,” said the man humorously.?your parents got mad, try to have a conversation withthem 77.________about it. Remembering not to shout at them. Theyusually 78.________will try to change, but they will take some timebecause 79._________they get angry all their life, and that is all they know.You 80._________might have to change for your method a couple oftimes. 81._________Do any nice things for your parents that they don’texpect 82._________—`like cooking, doing the dishes, washing clothes, orclean 83._________the floors. If this doesn’t work, bring in friend thatyou 84._________⒃In Feb. 2nd 1979, China’s Vice-premier 76．_______ Deng Xiaoping was at a visit to the U.S. 77．_______He was in the space flight center near to Houston 78．_______ Texas. Sat in the pilot’s seat of a model of 79．_______a space shuttle（航天飞机）,he wasasked to touch a button 80．_______to make it landing on the earth from 81．_______a height of 95,000 feet, that he did. From 82．_______windows of the craft, he could see the earth 83．_______would see it. Millions of people in both China andthe US watch this on TV with delight. 85．_______[实战演练二]AWe’ll never forget a day when my classmates and 1. ____I paid a visit a chemistry factory. It 2. ____was a large one with nearly 20, 000 workers. It looks 3. ____ like a garden and we saw colorful flowers, grass and trees 4. ____ there. We also visited some workshop and found workers 5.____working hard. We talked to them and learned a lot of. We 6. ____ understood them further. On the way home we felt very tiring, 7.____but we both thought we had a very good day. 8. ____We really hoped what we could get more chances 9. ____ of leaving the school and learn about society. 10. ____BThe children next door often play the football in 1. ____the garden after my house and sometimes break my 2. ____ windows. Last Saturday afternoon I stay at home and 3. ____ read a book. After a while, I closed my eyes and went 4. ____ to sleep. A loud knock on the door made me to wake 5. ____ up suddenly. Soon a little boy turned out. “You haven’t 6. ____ broken one of my window again?” I asked. “Oh, no!” 7. ____ answered the boy. “Your windows were all opened this 8. ____time and our football is in your bedroom. Could you 9. ____ mind getting in to get our ball?” I was at a loss at the 10. ____ moment.CI ever worked as a tour guide. One day I saw advertisement 1. ____I was given the job immediate. They asked me to take 3. ____a tour around the city the next morning. The manager 4. ____ just told me to say anything that I could think about the 5. ____ city. My first tour is terrible. The old bus was not 6. ____air-conditioned, because it was the middle of summer. It 7. ____ very hot and angry. I owned a very hard time. I stayed there 9. ____ for a few weeks,and then left and joined in a better 10. ____DSue and Ann often meet at a cheaper restaurant to eat 1. ____ and talking about life and school after their morning 2. ____ class. Sometimes, instead of talking ,they play a 3. ____ game that they call it “people watching”. They start the 4. ____ game in observing and listening to people around 5. ____ them carefully and make guesses about their lives as 6. ____ ages, jobs, likes, dislikes and so on. Of course, 7. ____they never really knew whether they are right or wrong. 8. ____ Therefore they usually have good reasons for thinking 9. ____ that what they are. “The game is fun,” they often say. 10. ____EAt a party, it is quite normal of someone to have 1. ____a short conversation with you and then go on to talking 2. ____to ot her people! Don’t think they dislike you or they 3. ____are impolite. It has the custom at many parties 4. ____in Britain, particularly there people are standing up rather 5. ____than sitting down. Here are two ways of finishing conversation 6.____at a party. “Excuse me. I think I’ll go and get another drinking.7.____See you later, perhaps?” “Oh. Excuse me. I’ve just seen 8. ____Mary Jennings over here. I’ve got to discuss a meeting we 9. ____ are been having on Thur sday. Would you excuse me for a moment?””10. ____FI felt sadly yesterday when our teacher told us something 1. ____about Project Hope in class. It has set up to help the 2. ____children in the countryside who can’t pay to go to 3. ____school. After school I came home. I was wondering if I 4. ____ could do something for the Project then I caught sight 5. ____of money-collecting box on the table. Then I made 6. ____up my minds to send my pocket money which I 7. ____ had saved for nearly one year for the children who 8. ____wanted to go to school. I wrote a letter to them and 9. ____hurried to the post office. Together with the letter Iposted the money and sent with my best wishes to them. 10.____GLast night when Steven and I was having a walk in the 1. ____ Street, we suddenly heard a painful cry for help under 2. ____ on the ground with a stick in his leg. He had fallen of the tree. 4. ____ Steven suggested we pulled the stick out at once, but I disagreed, 5. ____Because I had learned little about first aid at school. The stick 6. ____ in the leg would help controlling the bleeding. As there was 7 . ____ no telephone,we managed to find a taxi. We took the boy to the 8.____hospital. The doctors examined the boy fast and we got to 9. ____ know where the boy lived. So we telephoned his parentsand left after he came to the hospital. We did a good deed. 10. ____ HLast summer I learnt to ride a bicycle. At first?,I was 1. ____unable to control its direction. Sometimes I fall to 2. ____the right or to the left. But I worried my father to tell me 3. ____how I could ride straightly. He didn’t answer m e 4. ____directly. Instead,he took me to side of the street. 5. ____“Can you find some bike track that is really straight?” 6. ____asked my father. I watched more carefully and shook my 7. ____ head .“No?” he said, “i n factneither of the tracks is 8. ____every now and then, you had already gone forward.” 10. ____ IBoys and girls,Attention, please. I’ve got a good news for you. A new book 1.____How to Improve Your English is now on sell in the 2. ____ is a great help on our English study and suitable for 4. ____us middle school students. Here I’ve got it. You may 5 . ____ go to have a look to see whether you like it or not. The price 6. ____ is five yuan every. Those who want to buy the 7. ____ tomorrow morning the money should be give either 9. ____ to me nor to our League Secretary. We’ll go to buy the 10.____books tomorrow afternoon.短文改错专题之答案1. 76. hoped→hope 77. in→with 78. do→are 79. have前加to 80.去掉第二个to 81. √ 82. his→their 83. already前加have 84. lesson 前加a85. making→carrying2. 76. has后加a 77. lives→life 78. us后加of 79. which→that80. √ 81. But→However 82. his→their 83. 去掉they84. harmful→harm 85. healthy→health3. 76. returning后加to 77. have→had 78. say→speak79.interested→interesting80. √ 81. it→which 82. their→his 83. 去掉to84. she→he 85. 去掉it4. 76. serious→seriously 77. to→into 78. √ 79. in→on80. take→get 81. such→so 82. stopping→stop 83. water前加the84. paid前加been 85. 去掉more5. 76. 去掉a 77. have后加been 78. exam→exams 79. was→were80. strong→strongly 81. too→so 82. 去掉of 83. live→living84. √ 85. fact后加that6. 76. something→anything 77. healthy→health 78. which→when或which前加in79. start→starts 80. when后加to 81. 去掉was 82. √83. 70-year-old前加a 84. What→As 85. public’s→public7. 76.your→their77.followed→following78.children后加to79.which→that80.themselves后加as81.independence→independent82.√83.but后加not84.him→them85.of→with8. 76. peoples→people 77. A→The 78.While→When 79.Face→Facing80. miss→missed 81. talk后加to或with 82. record→records 83.去掉第二个the84. me→myself 85. √9. 76. neighbour→neighbours 77. walked→walk 78. Some→One 79.sudden→suddenly 80. √ 81. 去掉on 82. said→saying 83.great→greater84. 去掉and 85. have后加one10. 76. see→ saw 77. interesting→ interested 78. √ 79. your前加 in80. full→ fully 81. able前加be 82. three→ third 83. 去掉that84. worth→ cost 85. are→ is11. 76. accepted→received 77. 去掉more 78. because后加of 79. other→another80. say→said 81. and→or 82. family前加the 83. 去掉to84. √ 85. happily→happy12. 76.is后加the 77.match→matches 78. shout→shouting79.surprised→surprising 80. √ 81.still→even 82. 去掉it83.team→teams84. know→knows ual→usually13. 76. fond后加of 77. later→late 78. start→started 79. at→to80. In→To 81. √ 82. sail→sailing 83. for→so/and 84. road→way 85. 去掉 on14. 76. fished→fishing 77. metre→metres 78. 去掉over. 79. like→as 80. to后加the 81. √ 82. received→accepted 83. cups后加of 84.are→were 85. much→many15. 76. √ 77. got→get 78. Remembering→Remember 79. they→it 80. life→lives16. 76.On 77.on 78.去掉to 79。