高考英语二轮专题卷(二)

热点重点难点专题测试卷·英语专题训练一阅读理解Passage 1素养方向:思维品质文体:记叙文词数:290(2017·全国Ⅰ)I work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain. However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl(猫头鹰) on the ground. When I arrived, I saw a 2- to 3-week-old owl. It had already been placed in a carrier for safety.I examined the chick(雏鸟) and it seemed fine. If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it back, but no luck. My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.The homeowner was very helpful. A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down.Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks. These advertise the presence of chicks to adults; they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well. I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.A nervous night to be sure, but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all! The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings. I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active. And it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of all—LUNCH!The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so.1.What is unavoidable in the author s rescue work according to Paragraph 1?A.Getting injured in his work.B.Efforts made in vain.C.Feeling uncertain about his future.D.Creatures forced out of their homes.2.Why was the author called to Muttontown?A.To rescue a woman.B.To take care of a woman.C.To cure a young owl.D.To look at a baby owl.3.What made the chick calm down?A.A new nest.B.Some food.C.A recording.D.Its parents.4.How would the author feel about the outcome of the event?A.It s unexpected.B.It s humorous.C.It s beautiful.D.It s discouraging.题号1234答案Passage 2素养方向:学习能力文体:说明文词数:318(2017·全国Ⅱ)Terrafugia Inc. said Monday that its new flying car has completed its first flight, bringing the company closer to its goal of selling the flying car within the next year. The vehicle—named the Transition—has two seats, four wheels and wings that fold up so it can be driven like acar. The Transition, which flew at 1,400 feet for eight minutes last month, can reach around 70 miles per hour on the road and 115 in the air. It flies using a 23-gallon tank of gas and burns 5 gallons per hour in the air. On the ground, it gets 35 miles per gallon.Around 100 people have already put down a $10,000 deposit to get a Transition when they go on sale, and those numbers will likely rise after Terrafugia introduces the Transition to the public later this week at the New York Auto Show. But don t expect it to show up in too many driveways. It s expected to cost $279,000. And it won t help if you re stuck in traffic. The car needs a runway.Inventors have been trying to make flying cars since the 1930s, according to Robert Mann, an airline industry expert. But Mann thinks Terrafugia has come closer than anyone to making the flying car a reality. The government has already permitted the company to use special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly. The Transition is now going through crash tests to make sure it meets federal safety standards.Mann said Terrafugia was helped by the Federal Aviation Administration s decision five years ago to create a separate set of standards for light sport aircraft, which are lower than those for pilots of larger planes. Terrafugia says an owner would need to pass a test and complete 20 hours of flying time to be able to fly the Transition, a requirement pilots would find relatively easy to meet.1.What is the first paragraph mainly about?A.The basic data of the Transition.B.The advantages of flying cars.C.The potential market for flying cars.D.The designers of the Transition.2.Why is the Transition unlikely to show up in too many driveways?A.It causes traffic jams.B.It is difficult to operate.C.It is very expensive.D.It burns too much fuel.3.What is the government s attitude to the development of the flying car?A.Cautious.B.Favorable.C.Ambiguous.D.Disapproving.4.What is the best title for the text?A.Flying Car at Auto ShowB.The Transition s First FlightC.Pilots Dream Coming TrueD.Flying Car Closer to Reality题号1234答案Passage 3(2017·全国Ⅲ)素养方向:语言能力文体:应用文词数:237San Francisco Fire Engine ToursSan Francisco Winery TourRunning: February 1st through April 30thThis delicious tour goes through the city on its way to Treasure Island where we will stop at the famous Winery SF. Here you can enjoy 4 pours of some of the best wine San Francisco has to offer. (Included in ticket price)Departing from the Cannery: Tour times upon requestDuration (时长): 2 hoursPrice: $90Back to the Fifties TourRunning: August 16th through August 31stThis tour transports you back in time to one of San Francisco s most fantastic periods, the 1950s! Enjoy fun history as we take you through San Francisco for a free taste of ice cream.Departing from the Cannery: 5:00 pm and 7:30 pmDuration: 2 hoursPrice: $90Spooky Halloween TourRunning: October 10th through October 31stJoin us for a ride through the historical Presidio district. Authentic fire gear (服装) is provided for your warmth as our entertainers take you to some of the most thrilling parts of San Francisco.Departing from the Cannery:6:30 pm and 8:30 pmDuration:1 hour and 30 minutesPrice: Available upon requestHoliday Lights TourRunning: December 6th through December 23rdThis attractive tour takes you to some of San Francisco s most cheerful holiday scenes. Authentic fire gear is provided for your warmth as you get into the holiday spirit.Departing from the Cannery: 7:00 pm and 9:00 pmDuration: 1 hour and 30 minutesAdvance reservations required.1.Which of the tours is available in March?A.Spooky Halloween Tour.B.Back to the Fifties Tour.C.San Francisco Winery Tour.D.Holiday Lights Tour.2.What can tourists do on Back to the Fifties Tour?A.Go to Treasure Island.B.Have free ice cream.C.Enjoy the holiday scenes.D.Visit the Presidio district.3.What are tourists required to do to go on Holiday Lights Tour?A.Make reservations in advance.B.Set off early in the morning.C.Wear warm clothes.D.Take some drinks.题号123答案Passage 4(2016·全国Ⅰ)素养方向:文化品格体裁:说明文词数:280Grandparents Answer a CallAs a third-generation native of Brownsville, Texas, Mildred Garza never planned to move away. Even when her daughter and son asked her to move to San Antonio to help with their children, she politely refused. Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms. Garza finally say yes. That was four years ago. Today all three generations regard the move as a success, giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities.No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to adult children and grandchildren. Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing. Even President Obama s mother-in-law, Marian Robinson, has agreed to leave Chicago and move into the White House to help care for her granddaughters. According to a study by , 83 percent of the people said Mrs. Robinson s decision will influence grandparents in the American family. Two-thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama s family.“In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldn t get away from home far enough or fast enough to prove we could do it on our own,”says Christine Crosby, publisher of Grand, a magazine for grandparents.“We now realize how important family is and how important it is to be near them, especially when you re raising children.”Moving is not for everyone. Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices, but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead. Having your grandchildren far away is hard, especially knowing your adult child is struggling, but giving up the life you know may be harder.1.Why was Garza s move a success?A.It improved her living conditions.B.It strengthened her family ties.C.It enabled her to make more friends.D.It helped her know more new places.2.What was the reaction of the public to Mrs. Robinson s decision?A.17% expressed their support for it.B.Few people responded sympathetically.C.83% believed it had a bad influence.D.The majority thought it was a trend.3. What did Crosby say about people in the 1960s?A.They were unsure of themselves.B.They were eager to raise more children.C.They had little respect for their grandparents.D.They wanted to live away from their parents.4.What does the author suggest the grandparents do in the last paragraph?A.Make decisions in the best interests of their own.B.Ask their children to pay more visits to them.C.Sacrifice for their struggling children.D.Get to know themselves better.题号1234答案Passage 5素养方向:语言能力体裁:说明文词数:254(2016·全国Ⅱ)Reading can be a social activity. Think of the people who belong to book groups. They choose books to read and then meet to discuss them. Now, the website turns the page on the traditional idea of a book group.Members go on the site and register the books they own and would like to share. BookCrossing provides an identification number to stick inside the book. Then the person leaves it in a public place, hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it.Bruce Pederson, the managing director of BookCrossing, says, “The two things that change your life are the people you meet and books you read. BookCrossing combines both.”Members leave books on park benches and buses, in train stations and coffee shops. Whoever finds their book will go to the site and record where they found it.People who find a book can also leave a journal entry describing what they thought of it. E-mails are then sent to the BookCrossers to keep them updated about where their books have been found. Bruce Pederson says the idea is for people not to be selfish by keeping a book to gather dust on a shelf at home.BookCrossing is part of a trend among people who want to get back to the “real” and not the virtual(虚拟). The site now has more than one million members in more than one hundred thirty-five countries.1.Why does the author mention book groups in the first paragraph?A.To explain what they are.B.To stress the importance of reading.C.To introduce BookCrossing.D.To encourage readers to share their ideas.2.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A.The book.B.An adventure.C.A public place.D.The identification number.3.What will a BookCrosser do with a book after reading it?A.Meet other readers to discuss it.B.Keep it safe in his bookcase.C.Pass it on to another reader.D.Mail it back to its owner.4.What is the best title for the text?A.Online Reading: A Virtual TourB.A Website Links People through BooksC.A Book Group Brings Tradition BackD.Electronic Books: A New Trend题号1234答案Passage 6素养方向:语言能力体裁:议论文词数:340(2016·全国Ⅲ)Bad news sells. If it bleeds, it leads. No news is good news, and good news is no news. Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers.But now that information is being spread and monitored(监控) in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules. By tracking people s e-mails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories.“The ‘if it bleeds’rule works for mass media,” says Jonah Berger, a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania. “They want your eyeballs and don t care how you re feeling. But when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more how they react. You don t want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.”Researchers analyzing word-of-mouth communication—e-mails, Web posts and reviews, face-to-face conversations—found that it tended to be more positive than negative(消极的), but that didn t necessarily mean people preferred positive news. Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things? To test for that possibility, Dr. Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories: thousands of articles on The New York Times website. He and a Penn colleague analyzed the “most e-mailed” list for six months. One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non-science articles. He found that science amazed Times readers and made them want to share this positive feeling with others.Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny, or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety, but not articles that left them merely sad. They needed to be aroused(激发) one way or the other, and they preferred good news to bad. The more positive an article, the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr. Berger explains in his new book, “Contagious: Why Things Catch On.”1.What do the classic rules mentioned in the text apply to?A.Private e-mails.B.Research papers.C.News reports.D.Daily conversations.2.What can we infer about people like Debbie Downer?A.They re socially inactive.B.They re good at telling stories.C.They re inconsiderate of others.D.They re careful with their words.3.Which tended to be the most e-mailed according to Dr. Berger s research?A.Sports news.B.Financial reviews.C.Personal accounts.D.Science articles.4.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Sad Stories Travel Far and WideB.Online News Attracts More PeopleC.Reading Habits Change with the TimesD.Good News Beats Bad on Social Networks题号1234答案话题1 社会文化类Passage 1素养方向:文化品格文体:说明文词数:311Runners in a relay race pass a stick in one direction. However, merchants passed silk, gold, fruit, and glass along the Silk Road in more than one direction. They earned their living by traveling the famous Silk Road.The Silk Road was not a simple trading network. It passed through thousands of cities and towns. It started from China, across Central Asia and the Middle East, and ended in the Mediterranean Sea. It was used from about 200 BC to about AD 1300, when sea travel offered new routes. It was sometimes called the world s longest highway. However, the Silk Road was made up of many routes, not one smooth path. They passed through many countries. The routes crossed mountains and deserts and there were many dangers of hot sun, deep snow and even battles. Only experienced traders could return safe.The Silk Road got its name from its most prized product—silk. Silk could be used like money to pay taxes or buy goods. But the traders carried more than just silk. Gold, silver, and glass from Europe were much found in the Middle East and Asia. Horses traded from other areas changed farming practices in China. Indian merchants traded salt and other valuable goods. Chinese merchants traded paper, which produced an immediate effect on the West. Apples traveled from central Asia to Rome. The Chinese had learned to graft(嫁接) different trees together to make new kinds of fruit. They passed this science on to others, including the Romans. The Romans used grafting to grow the apple. Trading along the Silk Road led to world-wide business 2,000 years before the World Wide Web.The people along the Silk Road did not share just goods. They also shared their beliefs. The Silk Road provided pathways for learning, diplomacy (外交), and religion.1.It s probable that traders along the Silk Road needed to .A.know the making of productsB.remember the entire trade routeC.receive certain special trainingD.deal with a lot of difficulties2.The Silk Road became less important because .A.silk trading became less popularB.it was made up of different routesC.sea travel provided new routesD.people needed fewer foreign goods3.New technologies could travel along the Silk Road because people .A.learned from one anotherB.shared each other s beliefsC.traded goods along the routeD.earned their living by traveling4.What is the best title for the passage?A.The Silk Road: Past and PresentB.The Silk Road: Pathways for ReligionC.The Silk Road: Routes Full of DangersD.The Silk Road: East Meets West题号1234答案Passage 2素养方向:文化品格文体:说明文词数:309Tower Bridge is a bascule bridge (吊桥) in London, over the River Thames. It is close to the Tower of London, which gives it its name. It s sometimes mistaken as London Bridge, which is the next bridge upstream.In the second half of the nineteenth century, increased business development in the East End of London caused a requirement for a new river crossing downstream of London Bridge. A Special Bridge or Subway Committee was formed in 1876 to find a way to settle the river crossing problem. It opened the design of the crossing to public competition. Over 50 designs were received. The consideration of the designs lasted several years, and it wasn t until 1884 that a design sent by Horace Jones was sanctioned.Building of the bridge started in 1886 and took 8 years hard work of 432 building workers. Over 70,000 tons of concrete (混凝土) were sunk into the river bed to support the bridge. Over 11,000 tons of steel provided the framework (框架) for the towers and walkways. This was then coated in Cornish granite and Portland Stone, both to protect the steelwork and to give the bridge a pleasing appearance. Jones died in 1887, and another engineer took over his work. The bridge was opened in 1894.The bridge sits almost directly above the Tower Subway, the world s first underground tube railway, which, until the bridge was opened, was the shortest way to cross the River Thames. A computer system was installed (安装) in 2000 to control the raising and lowering of the bascules. However, this has proved less reliable than expected, resulting in the bridge being stuck in the open or closed positions for a number of times.1.What does the first paragraph say about Tower Bridge?A.It s named after a famous person.B.It s another name for London Bridge.C.It s not far from the Tower of London.D.It s the only bridge over the River Thames.2.Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “sanctioned” in Paragraph 2?A.Tried.B.Received.C.Discovered.D.Passed.3.What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?A.The history of Tower Bridge.B.The building of Tower Bridge.C.The influence of Tower Bridge.D.The importance of Tower Bridge.4.What can be known from the last paragraph?A.Many accidents have happened to Tower Bridge.B.The computer system works better than expected.C.The underground tube railway has a history of less than 20 years.D.The Tower Subway is the shortest way to cross the River Thames.题号1234答案Passage 3素养方向:学习能力文体:说明文词数:336Dubai officials say they plan to use Chinese-made drones(遥控飞机) to launch a self-flying air taxi. The Chinese-made EHang 184 drone has 8 propeller(螺旋桨) wings. It is designed to transport one passenger weighing up to 100 kilograms and a small piece of luggage.The head of Dubai s Roads and Transportation Authority says the autonomous taxi has already been tested in the city-state. He says regular service is expected to begin by July. The egg-shaped aircraft can reach a top speed of 160 kilometers per hour. It can operate for up to 30 minutes on a single battery charge, with a flying range of 50 kilometers.A video demonstration(示范) of the air taxi shows the whole trip being automated. Drones can be requested through an app to arrive at an approved pickup location. The passenger then climbs in and enters the desired destination into a device built into the seat. The auto-piloted aircraft then powers up, takes off and heads to the drop-off location.Officials from EHang say all movements and functions of the drone will be monitored by people in a “Command and Control Center” on the ground. The person inside the aircraft will also be able to communicate with the command center if needed.EHang said it has done major testing on its 184 vehicle in China over the past few years. It has also developed and sold several consumer drone models controlled by remote devices.The company says the drones could have other uses besides carrying passengers in the air in busy cities. They could also help in emergency rescue operations or deliver human organs.Dubai is the commercial capital of the oil-rich United Arab Emirates in the Persian Gulf. Officials there have long been pushing to adopt high-tech transportation alternatives. The ruler of the city-state has said that by 2030, at least 25 percent of all passenger trips are to be completed with driverless vehicles.1.What is the Chinese-made EHang 184 drone designed to do?A.To carry a passenger with little luggage.B.To carry large amounts of luggage.C.To do scientific research in the city.D.To take the place of city taxies.2.In order to take the aircraft, the passenger .A.must go where the aircraft is locatedB.can wait at the approved pickup locationC.must make a call to the aircraft companyD.has to watch a video demonstration first3.What does the underlined word “monitor” most probably mean?A.Take over.B.Watch over.C.Hand over.D.Get over.4.What can we infer from the passage?A.The drones have been now under mass produced.B.The drones have been popular in the past few years.C.The drones can be helpful in medical field.D.It is dangerous to take the drones at present.题号1234答案Passage 4素养方向:文化品格文体:说明文词数:330One thing that British and Chinese cultures share is a love for fine tea. Today, when we think of Western tea culture, we often think of the English and beautiful china tea cups.Afternoon teaPeople believe that an English lady, Anna, first introduced the idea of afternoon tea. In the18th and 19th centuries, the English ate only two main meals each day: breakfast and a heavy supper that would last for several hours in the evening. As a result, people often got very hungryduring the long wait between these two meals. To solve this problem, Anna came up with the clever idea of inviting some friends to join her for an afternoon meal between four and fiveo clock. This meal included cakes and sandwiches. And tea was served to wash down the food. In order to make this afternoon meal important, fine china cups and plates and silver teapots, knives, forks and spoons were used. Soon, afternoon tea parties became popular social occasions. Today, afternoon tea parties continue to play an important part in the social life in modern Britain.Will you come for coffee?Coffee also plays an important role in British culture. People often use “Will you come for coffee” to mean “Would you like to come to my home for a chat”. Normally, several different drinks such as tea, hot chocolate or a soft drink like orange juice will be served as well as coffee, and you will be asked what you would like. However, you will not normally be offered wine at a “coffee” party.Coffeehouses and the London Stock ExchangeIn the 17th century London, coffeehouses were busy and noisy places. Businessmen and bankers went to coffeehouses to do their business, as well as to drink coffee. In fact, the London Stock Exchange(伦敦股票交易所) is believed to have started from these coffeehouses.1.Anna introduced the idea of drinking afternoon tea because she .A.enjoyed chatting with her friends at homeB.loved fine tea and beautiful china tea cupsC.found people felt hungry during the long wait between the two mealsD.wanted to share nice food with her friends2.If someone says to you “Will you come for coffee”, you .A.will be offered coffee onlyB.are asked what you would like to drinkC.you are invited to take part in an afternoon tea partyD.will be asked to have a chat with him or her3.From the last paragraph we can see .A.a new business was started in coffeehousesB.coffeehouses are still used by businessmen and bankersC.businessmen and bankers went to coffeehouses just for coffeeD.most people wouldn t like to go to coffeehouses because of the noise4.Which is the best title of the passage?A.British and Chinese CulturesB.English Tea and Coffee CultureC.Coffeehouses and BusinessD.The beginning of Tea and Coffee题号1234答案话题2 人物传记和故事类Passage 1素养方向:文化品格文体:记叙文词数:296To bring the Olympic spirit to developing nations in the late 1990s, the Olympic Committee allowed a small number of “wild card” athletes to join the Games. But because they didn t have to go through any qualifying rounds to compete, not all of the competitors arrived prepared. Such an athlete was a swimmer from Equatorial Guinea named Eric Moussambani. When Moussambani arrived at the 2000 Sydney Games, he d only been training for the 100-meter freestyle for about eight months. He d also never been in an Olympic-size pool and had never raced more than 50 meters. Regardless, he was determined to represent his country.The three wild-card qualifiers were given their own heat, and Moussambani took to the blocks next to swimmers from Niger and Tajikistan. When the official called the swimmers to their marks, both of Moussambani s competitors were disqualified for false starts. Left to swim the heat by himself, Moussambani dove in and dog paddled, gasping (吸气) for air and moving his arms and legs. Halfway through the race, the situation looked so serious that commentators seriously worried he was drowning.When Moussambani finally passed the finish line and pulled himself from the water, the applause thundered. His final time was 1:52.72—more than twice that of swimmers in the previous heat. But Moussambani couldn t have been happier. He told reporters, “I m going to jump and dance all night long in celebration of my personal success.”Moussambani s courage and determination made him an Olympic celebrity. He kept training for the 2004 Games and even got his time down to a respectable 57 seconds. Unfortunately, a visa snafu (混乱) kept him from competing again.1.Which words can best describe Moussambani?A.Smart and flexible.B.Patient and careful.C.Brave and determined.D.Optimistic and modest.2.Before the 2000 Sydney Games, Moussambani .A.had trained for eight yearsB.had been familiar with big poolsC.had gained little game experienceD.had competed in the Olympic Games3.How did Moussambani do in the race?A.He lost in the heat.B.He failed at the beginning.C.He swam unprofessionally.D.He disappointed everyone.4.How did Moussambani feel after finishing the race?A.Pretty calm.B.Quite ashamed.C.Very disappointed.D.Extremely excited.题号1234答案Passage 2素养方向:文化品格文体:记叙文词数:314Earlier this year, Marianne Winkler and her husband were spending their vacation on the North Sea island of Germany, when they found a bottle with a message inside. And it was a letter written by an Edwardian British scientist studying undersea currents(水流).They tried to take out the message without damaging the bottle, but in the end they had to break it. Inside was a postcard with instructions printed in three languages:English, German and Dutch. It asked the finders to provide information about how and where the bottle was discovered and mail the card to the Marine Biological Association in the UK, and then they d get a shilling as a reward.Realizing they may have found something that would still interest the association, Marianne mailed the old postcard to the address. It turned out that she was right. The bottle was one of 1,020 bottles that the association had released into the North Sea from 1904 to 1906 to。