1现代有机质谱概论

Molecular Mass Spectrometry
OMS is a basic and high-technical science
In which , physics, electronics and computer science were applied to study physical and chemical character of organic molecules
Francis William Aston - Nobel Prize for Chemistry 1922 "for his discovery, by means of his mass spectrograph, of isotopes, in a large number of non-radioactive elements, and for his enunciation of the whole-number rule"
John Fenn and Koichi Tanaka with Kurt Wuthrich - share the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2002 "for their development of soft desorption ionisation methods for mass spectrometric analyses of biological macromolecules"
commercial organic mass spectrometer for
identification and structural elucidation of a wide variety of organic compounds
The use of the MS combined with the NMR IR and UV revolutionized the way organic chemists went about identifying and determining the structure of organic molecules
Secondary ion mass spectrometry ( SIMS )
Thermospray ionization ( TS )
Energetic beam of ion
High temperature
Gas phase sources : the sample is first
vaporized and then ionized
ESI-MS
MALDI-TOF-MS
Nobel Prizes have been awarded to a number of scientists associated with the birth and development of mass spectrometry, or in which mass spectrometry has aided an important discovery.
Reverse Geometry Double Focusing Mass Spectrometer
V
Kinetic
energy of
the
ion
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Potential field applied across the plate
Ion Trap
Mass Analyzer
Time of
• Accuracy, sensitive and rapid
OMS has been a powerful analytical tool in modern structure chemistry and analytical chemistry
Before the middle of the 1970s OMS could only analyze organic molecules with molecular below 1000 Da weight
Sir Joseph John Thomson - Nobel Prize for Physics 1906 "in recognition of the great merits of his theoretical and experimental investigations on the conduction of electricity by gases"
Ion sources for organic mass spectrometry
Basic type Gas phase Name and acronym Ionizing agent Energetic electrons Reagent gaseous ions Electron impact ( EI ) Chemical ionization ( CI )
现代有机质谱概论
杨松成 仪器测试分析中心
Outline
•
Introduction
Instrument of OMS Tandem Technology Main Application
• • •
•
Most New Advances
Modern Organic Mass Spectrometry ( OMS )
Frederick Soddy - Nobel Prize for Chemistry 1921 "for his contributions to our knowledge of the chemistry of radioactive substances, and his investigations into the origin and nature of isotopes"
Flight
Mass Analyzer
Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Analyzer
Schematic Diagram of the ICR Cell
Character of
• • • •
FT-ICR-MS
Ultra-high resolution Ultimate Enhances The power mass accurate
Methods require time
Fractional distillation , refractive index
> 200 hours
Organic mass spectrometry
one hour or more
Beginning
in
the 1950s ,
chemists have used
OMS
•
Sensitivity
Mass Accuracy
Outline
•
Introduction
Instrument of OMS Tandem Technology Main Application
• • •
•
Most New Advances
Qualitative
• Pure substance
Desorption sources : the sample in a solid
or liquid state is converted directly into gaseous ions
MALDI-TOF-MS of rhEGF
Main components of OMS
• Mass Spectrometry had its origin in early last century
•
Application of organic mass spectrometry for chemical analysis occurred in early 1940s
Quantitative analysis of hydrocarbon mixtures ( 9 ) produced in catalytic crackers
Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI ) Laser beam
Plasma desorption ( PD )
Fast atom bombardment ( FAB )
Fission fragments from 252Cf
Energetic atomic beam
Analysis
identification
•
Mixture
Separation
dynamic range of MS
n
Main components of OMS
• • • Ion Mass Sources Analyzer OMS
Main Fundamentals of
Main
Fundamentals of
• • • • Mass Definition Mass Range Resolution Mass Accuracy
• • • Ion Mass Sources Analyzer OMS
Main Specification of
Mass
•
•
Analyzer
Magnetic Sector Analyzer
Quadrupole Mass Analyzer
•
• •
Ion Trap Mass Analyzer
Time of Flight Mass Analyzer FT-ICR Mass analyzer
Field ionization ( FI )
Desorption Field desorption ( FD ) Electrospray ionization ( ESI )