名词-中考英语语法专题

3. We need to come up with a/an___ and make a decision at once. (2010吉林通化) A. information B. advice C. idea D. news 4. —Would you like some ___? — No, thank you. I‘m not hungry at all. (2010湖南) A. water B. books C. clothes D. bread
5. The old man wants A. six boxes of apples B. six boxes of apple C. six box of apples D. six boxs of apples
.
6. There some in the river. A. is ,fish B. are, fishs C. is, fishs D. are ,fish
不可数名词“量”的表达 不可数名词前面不能用定冠词a/an,也没 有复数形式。不可数名词的“量”经常 由可数名词来帮助表达，常用结构： 表示数量的词+量词+of+不可数名词。
1.确切数量的表达方式： 当表示“一杯/袋……”时，单位词要用单 数形式，如: a glass of water。 当表示“两杯/袋……”时，单位词要用复 数形式，如: two glasses of water。 2.不确切数量的表达方式： 当表示大概，不确定的数量时，可运用下 列单词或短语： ① 修饰可数名词/不可数名词：some, any, plenty of, a lot of, lots of等。 Please give me some paper.
初中语法综合 复习全解
P1
Noun
Objectives
1. 可数名词及其单复数； 2. 不可数名词；
3. 专有名词；
4. 名词所有格。
源自文库
名词概述
• 名词的概念：用来表示各种各样的人 和事物名称的词就是名词。
• 名词的范围：人称、具体事物、抽象 事物、时间、地点、方向等。
名词的分类
专有名词：姓名，国家，语言，月份，星期，节日，大学等
③辅音字母加y结尾，改y为i再加- es；元音 字母加y结尾，直接加-s。 candy→ candies; boy→ boys.
④部分以f或fe结尾的词：把f、fe改为v，再 加-es,口诀: 半片树叶自己黄 (half, leaf, self) 妻子拿刀去杀狼 (wife, knife, wolf) 架后小偷逃命忙 (shelf, thief, life)
5. I like___ a lot, and my mother usually cooks it in different ways. (2010山西) A. fish B. potatoes C. noodles 6. Mr Black gave us ___on how to learn English well. (2010新疆阜康) A. an advice B. many advices C. some advice D. some advices
II. 在空格中填入一个适当的词或用所给 词的适当形式填空。
monkeys (monkey) in 1. I can see three________ the zoo. 2. There is a lot of water ________ (water) in the bottle. hair 3. I see you have a few white______ (hair). 4. I likestrawberries( strawberry) because they are sweet and juicy.
11. For breakfast , I usually have __ and two pieces of bread. (2011杭州) A. a cup of milk half B. half a cup of milk C. a half milk cup D. half a milk cup 12. Jack has____ . (2011南宁) A. two pieces of breads B. two pieces of bread C. two pieces bread D. two piece of bread
5. The boys have got two pieces (piece) of bread (bread) already. 6. Lucy will show us some new photos ____ (photo) of hers. 7. These Germans want to have some _____ fish (fish) for supper，so they some (some) now. decide to catch_____ 8. There are some children (child) in the garden.
名 词 可数名词 普通名词
个体名词（某类人或东西中的个体）
集体名词 （若干个个体组成的集合体） (有单复数之分) 物质名词：自然物质，食品、饮料等
不可数名词 （无法分为个体的实物） （没有复数形式) 抽象名词：情感，学科，概念等
—Mum, 1 am hungry. May 1 have some__? —Of course. But don't eat too much. （2012山东济南） A. bread B. noodle C. dumpling D. hamburger 【解析】考查名词的数。bread“面 包”;noodle“面条”;dumpling“水 饺”;hamburger“汉堡”由下文的too much（太多）,修饰不可数名词,可知空 格处也须用不可数名词。故选A。
III. Translation 1.史密斯先生经常有一些好消息告诉我们。 2.孩子们都非常喜欢看动物园里面的猴子。 3.您需要一些面包吗？ 不，谢谢您。我一点儿也不饿。 4.桌上有两盒蛋糕四瓶橘子汁。 5.我们学校有很多的女老师,她们工作很 努力。 6.请递给我们两杯牛奶。
1. Mr Smith always has some good pieces of news to tell us. 2. There are a lot of women teachers in our school. They work very hard. 3. Would you like some bread? No, thank you. I‘m not hungry at all. 4. There are two boxes of cakes and four bottles of orange. 5. There are a lot of women teachers in our school. They work very hard. 6. Please pass us two glasses of milk.
1. —Well, you look so happy! — Because I got a good _____. (2010四川内江) A. work B. news C. job 2. You can get much____ about the World Expo on the Internet. (2010年上海) A. map B. picture C. ticket D. information
可数名词的数 名词变复数的规则变化：
① 一般加-s，清辅音后读/s/，浊辅音后
读/z/。 friend→ friends; cat→ cats; style→ styles; sport→ sports; ② 以-s, -x, -sh, -ch结尾的加-es 读/iz/。 bus→ buses; fox→ foxes; match→ matches; dish→ dishes.
②只修饰可数名词的有： many, several, hundreds of, a number of, a group of, a pair of, quite a few, few等。 You have made quite a few mistakes in your composition. ③只修饰不可数名词的有： much, a great deal of, a bit of, a drop of, a piece of, a little等。 I want a piece of chalk. Please give me a little ink.
3. —Can I help you? —I‘d like for my twin daughters. A. two pair shoes B. two pairs shoes C. two pair of shoes D. two pairs of shoes 4. There are four and two in the group. A. Japanese, Germen B. Japaneses, Germen C. Japanese, German D. Japanese, Germans
7. Please pick up the ____. Don‘t keep it on the floor. (2010山东菏泽市) A. water B. paper C. books D. bottles 8. I saw many ___ eating grass on the hill. (2010浙江东阳市) A. horse B. cow C. rabbit D. sheep
名词变复数的不规则变化： ①含man的名词，一般变man为men。 woman→ women, policeman→ policemen, Englishman→ Englishmen， 但 German → Germans。 ②将oo改为ee的有foot→ feet, tooth→ teeth, goose→ geese等。 ③复数以en结尾的有child→ children, ox→ oxen等。 ④将ouse改为ice的有mouse→ mice, louse→ lice(虱子)等。
9.—Would you like some drinks, boys? —Yes, ___, please. (2010四川眉山) A. some oranges B. two boxes of chocolate C. some cakes D. two boxes of cola 10. —Can I help you? —I‘d like __ for my twin daughters. (2010山东滨州) A. two pair of shoes B. two pairs of shoe C. two pair of shoe D. two pairs of shoes
Individual activity
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I. Multiple choice 1. We should clean twice a day. A. our tooth B. our tooths C. teeth D. our teeth
2. —Oh, there isn't enough___ for us in the lift. — No hurry. Let's wait for the next. A. ground B. floor C. place D. room
⑤有些名词是单数、复数不分的 deer; fish; sheep; Chinese; Japanese. ⑥以o结尾的词： 黑人英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿-es; 广播录像动物园，钢琴袋鼠照相片-s. ⑦外来词的复数变化：datum-data 数据 basis-bases 基础。 ⑧复合名词的复数变化主要词变复数: passer-by → passers-by father-in-law → fathers-in-law 前后两词都变复数: man teacher → men teachers