Coping with global climate change by enhancing water security capacity

合集下载

2023年高考英语外刊时文精读专题05气候变化零碳排放(含答案)

高考英语外刊时文精读专题：2023年高考英语外刊时文精读精练 (5)Climate change气候变化Heat island热岛主题语境：人与自然主题语境内容：人与环境【外刊原文】（斜体单词为超纲词汇，认识即可；下划线单词为课标词汇，需熟记。

）On March 13th, as commuters（每日往返上班者）streamed out of Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus,a gothic revival masterpiece（哥特式复兴建筑——贾特拉帕蒂·希瓦吉终点站）in Mumbai, India’s commercial capital, they were confronted with temperatures approaching40°C, nearly7°C above normal for the time of year. The city is in the midst of a debilitating heatwave, its 13th in the past five decades, nearly half of which occurred in the past 15 years. Mumbai’s average temperature has increased by over 1°C in that period.Had those commuters crossed the street from the station and entered the city’s grand headquarters that day, they might have found cause for optimism. That afternoon politicians from the authority and the state of Maharashtra, of which Mumbai is the capital, had gathered to unveil（揭露）a “climate action plan”. The city aims to reach net-zero emissions by 2050, two decades earlier than the target set by the national government.Mumbai is extremely vulnerable to climate change.A narrow and densely populated（人口密集的）island, surrounded on three sides by the Arabian Sea, it is attacked by monsoon(季候风) rains for four months a year and routinely subject to flooding, especially during high tide. That is bad enough for thecity’s apartment-dwellers（公寓居民）. But it is even worse for the 42% of the population who live in slums（贫民窟）, which are likely to be washed away or buried by landslides（山体滑坡）.The key of the plan is a proposal to decarbonise（去碳化）Mumbai’s energy. Generating the city’s electricity, which produces nearly two-thirds of the city’s emissions, relies mostly on burning fossil fuels, particularly coal. The city wants to increase the share of renewables （可再生资源）. It is looking, for instanceinto installing solar panels（装太阳能电池板）on rooftops.Another priority is to improve the quality andefficiency of the city’s buildings.Slums, especially, are heat islands. Made of whatever materials are at hand or cheaply available, they are five or six degrees hotter than structures of good quality, making them, as the report puts it, “uninhabitable(不适于居住的)” on hot days. Moreover, the heat, damp and cramped(狭窄的)conditions make slum residents more vulnerable to disease—a less obvious risk of climate change.The plan is, however, short on details of how to achieve its ambition s. Still, in publishing one at all Mumbai has led the way among South Asian metropolises(大都市). Other cities are keen to follow suit, says Shruti Narayan of C40, who helped with the report. Chennai and Bangalore in the south have started work on their plans. Others, including Delhi and Kolkata in India, Dhaka in Bangladesh and Karachi in Pakistan have expressed interest in doing something similar.There is plenty in Mumbai’s240-page document to inspire them. One is the fact that it does not rely on using technologies that do not yet exist, a criticism at many countries’ national proposals. Another is the attention given to adaptation(coping with all the bad things already happening) and not just reducing future emissions.Details may anyway be beside the point. The real value of Mumbai’s plan is as a signalling device(信号装置)that “focuses the attention of policymakers”, states Abhas Jha, a climate specialist at the World Bank. The Paris Agreement, which committed the world to the goal of keeping the rise in temperatures to less than 2°C above pre-industrial levels, worked in much the same way, leaving countries to hash out details later. Time, though, is getting ever shorter.【课标词汇】1.stream（一群人，东西）涌，涌动；流动He was watching the taxis streaming past.他看着出租车一辆接着一辆地驶过。

中国应对气候变化的政策与行动(中英)

中国应对气候变化的政策与行动China's Policies and Actions for Addressing Climate Change (full text)前言Foreword全球气候变化及其不利影响是人类共同关心的问题。

工业革命以来的人类活动，尤其是发达国家在工业化过程中大量消耗能源资源，导致大气中温室气体浓度增加，引起全球气候近50年来以变暖为主要特征的显著变化，对全球自然生态系统产生了明显影响，对人类社会的生存和发展带来严重挑战。

Global climate change and its adverse effects are a common concern of mankind. Ever since the industrial revolution, human activities, especially the massive consumption of energy and resources by developed countries in the process of industrialization, have increased the atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases, produced conspicuous impacts on the natural ecosystems of the Earth, and posed severe challenges to the survival and development of human society. 中国是一个发展中国家，人口众多、经济发展水平低、气候条件复杂、生态环境脆弱，易受气候变化的不利影响。

气候变化对中国自然生态系统和经济社会发展带来了现实的威胁，主要体现在农牧业、林业、自然生态系统、水资源等领域以及沿海和生态脆弱地区，适应气候变化已成为中国的迫切任务。

climate change的英文文章

climate change的英文文章Climate change is a pressing issue that is significantly impacting our planet. The rise in global temperatures is causing sea levels to increase, extreme weather events to become more frequent, and the natural habitats of many species to be disrupted. Human activities, particularly the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation, are major contributors to this problem. The emission of greenhouse gases is trapping heat in the atmosphere, leading to the phenomenon known as global warming. This has far-reaching consequences for ecosystems, agriculture, and human communities around the world.It is crucial for countries to take collective action to reduce emissions and transition to renewable energy sources in order to mitigate the effects of climate change and protect the environment for future generations.中文翻译:气候变化是一个迫在眉睫的问题，对我们的星球产生了重大影响。

应对气候变化的行动英语作文

应对气候变化的行动英语作文Climate Change Action: Embracing a Sustainable FutureThe unprecedented challenges posed by climate change have become a pressing global concern, demanding immediate and collective action. As the Earth's temperature continues to rise, the impact on our environment, economy, and way of life becomes increasingly evident. From rising sea levels to more frequent and severe natural disasters, the need to address this crisis has never been more urgent. However, the path forward is not without hope, as we have the knowledge and resources to implement effective strategies to mitigate and adapt to the changing climate.One of the primary drivers of climate change is the burning of fossil fuels, which releases large amounts of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. To combat this, a shift towards renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power, is essential. Governments, businesses, and individuals must collaborate to invest in and promote the development of these clean energy technologies. This not only reduces our carbon footprint but also creates new job opportunities and fosters economic growth in the sustainable energy sector.Another crucial aspect of addressing climate change is improving energy efficiency across various sectors, including transportation, industry, and residential buildings. By implementing energy-efficient practices, such as using LED lighting, improving insulation, and upgrading to more efficient appliances and vehicles, we can significantly reduce our overall energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Incentives and policies that encourage these sustainable practices can help drive the necessary changes.Deforestation is another significant contributor to climate change, as the clearing of forests reduces the planet's ability to absorb and store carbon dioxide. Protecting and restoring forests, as well as promoting sustainable land-use practices, are vital components of a comprehensive climate action plan. Initiatives such as reforestation, sustainable forestry management, and the preservation of natural habitats can help mitigate the devastating effects of deforestation.In addition to addressing the root causes of climate change, adaptation strategies are crucial to build resilience and prepare for the unavoidable impacts. This includes investing in infrastructure that can withstand the effects of climate change, such as sea walls, flood-resistant buildings, and disaster response systems. Governments and communities must also develop comprehensive disaster management plans to ensure the safety and well-being of theircitizens in the face of extreme weather events.The role of individuals in the fight against climate change cannot be overstated. Simple lifestyle changes, such as reducing energy consumption, adopting sustainable transportation options, and minimizing waste, can have a significant collective impact. Furthermore, engaging in advocacy and supporting policies that prioritize environmental protection can help drive larger-scale change.Addressing climate change also requires a global collaborative effort. International agreements, such as the Paris Agreement, provide a framework for countries to work together to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote sustainable development. Strengthening these agreements and ensuring their effective implementation is crucial to achieving meaningful progress.In conclusion, combating climate change requires a multifaceted approach that combines technological advancements, policy changes, and individual actions. By embracing a sustainable future and working together as a global community, we can mitigate the devastating effects of climate change and create a more resilient and prosperous world for generations to come. The time to act is now, and the responsibility lies with all of us to make the necessary changes to secure a better future for our planet.。

清华演讲词精彩语录(中英对照)

Excerpt from The Most Influential Tsinghua Speeches《影响你一生的清华演讲》Unit 1 Build international cooperation and communicationSpeech 1 Mutual Understanding between China and America——美国前总统小布什2002年在清华大学的演讲1、The standards and reputation of this university are known around the world, and Iknow what an achievement it is to be here.这所大学的办学标准和声望都闻名于世，我知道，能来这里学习深造就是一种成就。

2、And we see a China that is becoming one of the most dynamic and creativesocieties in the world—as demonstrated by the knowledge and potential right here in this room.我们也看到中国日益成为世界上最富活力和创造力的国家之一，3、This university is not simply turning out specialists, it is preparing citizens.这所大学不仅在培养专家，也在培育公民。

4、I’m confident that they will find a China that is becoming a da guo, a leadingnation, at peace with its people and at peace with the world.我相信，那是他们都将亲眼见证迈向大国行列的中国，一个走向世界前列，内部和平并与世界各国和平相处的国家。

应对气候变化的影响英语作文

Title: Adapting to the Effects of Climate ChangeClimate change is a global phenomenon that poses significant challenges to our planet and its inhabitants. Its impacts are wide-ranging and diverse, affecting everything from weather patterns and ecosystems to human health and livelihoods. In order to effectively address the consequences of climate change, it is imperative that we take proactive measures to adapt to these changes.One of the most immediate effects of climate change is the alteration of weather patterns, leading to more frequent and severe extreme weather events such as hurricanes, droughts, floods, and heatwaves. To mitigate the risks associated with these events, communities must invest in infrastructure improvements, early warning systems, and emergency preparedness plans. By implementing resilient infrastructure and disaster management strategies, we can minimize the impact of extreme weather events and protect vulnerable populations.Climate change also has profound implications for ecosystems and biodiversity. Rising temperatures, shifting precipitation patterns, and sea level rise threaten the survival of many plant and animal species, disrupting ecosystems and jeopardizing food security. To safeguard biodiversity and ecosystem services, conservation efforts must be enhanced, habitats restored, and sustainable land management practices adopted. Additionally, efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions must be intensified to mitigate further damage to ecosystems and limit the rate of global warming.Furthermore, climate change poses significant risks to human health, exacerbating existing health issues and increasing the spread of diseases. Heat-related illnesses, respiratory problems, and vector-borne diseases are among the health impacts associated with climate change. To protect public health, adaptation measures such as heatwave preparedness plans, improved air quality monitoring, and disease surveillance systems are essential. Additionally, investments in healthcare infrastructure and capacity-building efforts can help to strengthen healthcare systems and enhance resilience to climate-related health risks.In conclusion, climate change presents a formidable challenge that requires urgent and concerted action at all levels. By adapting to the effects of climate change, we can reduce vulnerability, build resilience, and safeguard the well-being of current and future generations. Through collaborative efforts and innovative solutions, we can create a more sustainable and resilient future for our planet.。

如何应对气候的变化英语作文

Climate Change: Strategies for Coping andMitigating Its ImpactsClimate change, a global issue that transcendspolitical boundaries, poses significant challenges to the sustainability of life on Earth. As the scientific community continues to warn of the dire consequences of unchecked greenhouse gas emissions, it becomes imperative for nations, communities, and individuals to take concerted action to address this urgent threat. This essay explores strategies for coping and mitigating the impacts of climate change, with a focus on adaptation, mitigation, and collaboration.**Adaptation: Preparing for the Inevitable**Climate change is already having a profound impact on ecosystems and human societies. Rising sea levels, extreme weather events, and shifts in agricultural productivity are among the many manifestations of this global crisis. Adaptation refers to the process of adjusting to these changes and preparing for future impacts. This involves building resilient infrastructure, such as flood-proof dams and storm-resistant buildings, and developing sustainableagriculture practices that can cope with changing climate patterns. Additionally, investing in early warning systems for disasters and enhancing disaster risk management capabilities are crucial for mitigating the social and economic costs of climate-related events.**Mitigation: Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions**While adaptation is necessary to prepare for the impacts of climate change, mitigation is key to slowing down its rate of progression. Mitigation efforts focus on reducing greenhouse gas emissions, primarily through energy efficiency improvements, renewable energy transitions, and sustainable land use practices. Transitioning to clean energy sources like solar, wind, and hydroelectric power can significantly reduce carbon emissions. Similarly, promoting energy-efficient appliances and buildings, as well as implementing smart grid systems, can help conserve energy and reduce waste. Furthermore, protecting and restoring forests, which are critical carbon sinks, is essential for mitigating climate change.**Collaboration: A Global Effort**Addressing climate change requires a collective, global effort. Governments, international organizations, the private sector, and individuals must work together to implement effective adaptation and mitigation strategies. International agreements like the Paris Agreement, which aims to limit global warming to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels, provide a framework for global cooperation. Additionally, private sector investment in clean technology and sustainable practices can drive innovation and scale up solutions. At the individual level, actions such as reducing energy consumption, supporting sustainable businesses, and advocating for climate action can have a significant cumulative impact.In conclusion, climate change is a complex and multifaceted challenge that requires a comprehensive approach. Adaptation, mitigation, and collaboration are three key strategies for coping and mitigating its impacts. By working together and taking concerted action, we can build a more resilient and sustainable future for ourselves and future generations.**应对气候变化：减轻其影响的策略**气候变化是一个超越政治边界的全球性问题，对地球上生命的可持续性构成了重大挑战。

关于研究气候变化的英语作文

Climate Change: A Global Challenge andOur ResponseClimate change has become one of the most pressing issues of our time, threatening the sustainability of our planet and the future of human civilization. The phenomenon, caused primarily by anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases, is leading to a range of adverse effects, including extreme weather events, melting ice caps, rising sea levels, and depleted biodiversity. The scientific community has reached a consensus on the urgency of addressing climate change, and it is now imperative for us to take collective action to mitigate its impacts.The impacts of climate change are already being felt across the globe. Extreme weather events, such as hurricanes, floods, and droughts, are becoming morefrequent and severe. These events cause immense destruction to infrastructure, disrupt economic activities, and pose a significant threat to human lives. Rising sea levels, another consequence of climate change, are inundatingcoastal cities and islands, displacing millions of people and threatening entire nations.To address these challenges, it is crucial that we reduce our carbon emissions and transition to renewable sources of energy. We must invest in clean technologiessuch as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power, and phase out coal and other fossil fuels. Additionally, we need to adopt sustainable practices in agriculture, forestry, and urban planning to reduce our carbon footprint and protect our natural resources.Individual actions are also crucial in the fightagainst climate change. Simple measures such as reducing food waste, conserving water, and using publictransportation can significantly reduce our carbon emissions. Furthermore, we must raise awareness aboutclimate change and encourage others to adopt sustainable practices. Only through collective effort can we hope to mitigate the impacts of climate change and secure a sustainable future for ourselves and our planet.However, it is important to note that addressingclimate change is not just a matter of reducing carbon emissions. It also requires addressing the social and economic factors that drive climate change, such as poverty,inequality, and unsustainable development patterns. We must ensure that our efforts to mitigate climate change are inclusive and equitable, benefiting all people, regardlessof their geographical location or socio-economic status.In conclusion, climate change is a global challengethat requires urgent and concerted action from all of us.By adopting sustainable practices, investing in clean technologies, and raising awareness about climate change,we can mitigate its impacts and secure a sustainable future for ourselves and our planet. Let us come together and take responsibility for our actions, for the sake of our planet and future generations.**气候变化：全球性的挑战与我们的回应**气候变化已成为我们这个时代最紧迫的问题之一，它威胁着我们星球的可持续性，以及人类文明的未来。

英语四级考试模拟题

Sample TestQuestions 1 and 2 will be based on the following new items.1. A). Christmas- time attacks made by Somali rebelsB). An explosion at a bus station in central NairobiC). The killing of mire than 70 Ugandans in KampalaD). Blasts set off by a Somali group in Uganda's capital2. A). On Christmas EveB). Just before midnightC). During a security checkD). In the small hours of the morningQuestions 3 and 4 will be based on the following new items.3. A). It is likely to close many of its storesB). It is known for the quality of its goodsC). It remains competitive in the recessionD). It will expand its online retail business4. A).expand its business beyond groceriesB). Fire 25 000 of its current employeesC). Cut its DVD publishing businessD). Sell the business for one poundQuestions 5 to 7 will be based on the following new items.5. A). All taxis began to use metersB). All taxis got air conditioningC). Advertisements were allowed on taxisD). Old taxis were replaced with new cabs6. A). A low interest loan schemeB). Environmentalists’ protestsC). taxi passengers complaintsD). Permission for car advertising7. A). There are no more irregular practicesB). All new cabs provide air-conditioningC). New cabs are all equipped with metersD). New legislation protects consumer rightsModel Test OneQuestions 1 and 2 will be based on the following new items.1.A). The law of weapon purchasing in Illinois State.B). The relationship between crime and mental illness.C). The graduate student of Northern Illinois UniversityD). The shooting happened in Northern Illinois University2.A). The gunman has mental diseaseB). The gunman is dissatisfied with the universityC). The gunman is dissatisfied with the lectureD). It is not clearQuestions 3 and 4 will be based on the following new items.3.A). It has been influenced b warB). It is devalued by its governmentC). It is ore competitive than beforeD).it has turned into a global currency4.A). Most experts support the four countries’ currency changeB). The meeting on Friday is useless for global recoveryC). Currency wars threaten global economic recoveryD). Policymakers should cooperate with central bankersQuestions 5 to 7 will be based on the following new items.5.A). The preservation f coastal resortsB). The closure of political disputesC). The gap between the rich and the poorD). The commitments to reduce carbon emissions6.A). promisingB). hopefulC). disappointingD). satisfying7.A). 18B). 80C). 94D). 194Model Test TwoQuestions 1 and 2 will be based on the following new items.1. A). They made more efforts to find more new casesB). They tried to prevent the disease out of the capitalC). They held a public movement on hygiene informationD). They boosted the accuracy and promptness of their report2. A). It’s the first time that ingestion disease has broken out in HaitiB). The death rate of ingestion disease is too highC). Death number will keep increasing for a long timeD).ingestion disease could join other local diseases in HaitiQuestions 3 and 4 will be based on the following new items.3. A). The children of the international diplomatic corpsB). The program of International Baccalaureate schoolsC). The school district in the suburb of Detroit,MichiganD).“Mother Earth”class in IB elementary schools4. A). Subject areas are separatedB). Classes are held in the open airC). “Mother Earth ” class covers mathD).Teachers prepare classes togetherQuestions 5 to 7 will be based on the following new items.5. A). White ashB). High temperature waterC). Poison gasD). hurricane6. A). Less than 10B). About 20C). About 120D). More than 7507. A). They have found too many dead bodiesB). They want to persuade people to move awayC). They don’t know hat might happen nextD). They need space to carry out the researchModel Test ThreeQuestions 1 and 2 will be based on the following new items. . The woman ‘s marathon at the historic Brandenburg GateB). The final day of the championships competitionC). Nick Symmonds’ win of the 800 meter semifinal heatD). The final of the men’s four-by-400-meter relay2 A). 3B).4C).7D).8Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following new items.3. A). It might hinder people from going shoppingB). It could cause serious traffic accidentC). It might be harmful to some peoples healthD). It could add more holiday atmosphere4. A). In the middle of winterB). Just before ChristmasC). During ChristmasD). After Christmas holidayQuestions 5 to 7 will be based on the following new items.5 A). japanB). South KoreaC). The United StatesD). Australia6. A). Trade imbalancesB). Unstable currency valuesC). Regional disputesD). New members’ applications7. A). 9B).19C).20D).21Model Test FourQuestions 1 and 2 will be based on the following new items.1. A). Offering services to help people stop smokingB). Raising taxesC). Warning people about the dangers of tobaccoD). Enforcing bans on tobacco advertising2. A). More than 5 millionB).More than 8 millionC).More than 1 billionD).More than 10 billionQuestions 3 and 4 will be based on the following new items.3. A). The discovery of voice recordingB). The development of guitar and popular musicC). Les Paul’s musical experience and deathD). Les Paul’s own radio show in Chicago4. A). When he was 10 years oldB). When he was 13 years oldC).When he was a host in ChicagoD).When he was at a local restaurantQuestions 5 to 7 will be based on the following new items.5. A). sleepingB). Holding meetingC). Indulging themselvesD). quarreling6. A). soldiersB). teachersC). lawyersD).businessmen7. A). fireB). Mobile phone signalC). Body bombD). lightModel Test FiveQuestions 1 and 2 will be based on the following new items.1. A). More than 5 millionB). More than 10 millionC). More than 25 millionD). More than 30 million2. A). To help identify where infectious diseases are developingB). To help small and medium size businesses growC). To help improve public servicesD). To help two climate change programsQuestions 3 and 4 will be based on the following new items.3. A). About units were soldB). They declined to their lowest levelC). There was a decline of 10% than that in JulyD). They indicated a start of rise in August4. A). They are much stronger than their expectationsB). They might reach to million unites per yearC). They will be out of control on next month’s reportD).they indicate the housing industry has recoveredQuestions 5 to 7 will be based on the following new items.5. A). Britain has decided to restrict bankers’ bonusesB).Britain has decided to raise bankers’ salaryC).Britain has decided to curb bankers’ salaryD).Britain has decided to raise bankers’ bonuses6. A). Those employees whose payments was over $4 000B).Those employees whose payments was $40 000C).Those employees whose payments was over $40 000D).Those employees whose payments was $4 0007. A). Most of it would be paid in moneyB). Most of it would be paid in sharesC). Some of it would be paid in sharesD). Some of it would be paid in moneyModel Test SixQuestions 1 and 2 will be based on the following new items.1. A). The fire erupted in southern AustraliaB). There may be more victimsC). The entire towns have been lostD). The temperatures have reached 57 degrees Celsius2. A). 108B). 47C). Up to 400D). dozensQuestions 3 and 4 will be based on the following new items.3. A). It is set to expire on December 31B). It raised the unemployment rateC). It created 120 000 jobsD). It made middle class families benefited4. A). When unemployment rate droppedB). Before congress went home for the holidaysC). When he made his weekly addressD). Before private sectors created more jobsQuestions 5 to 7 will be based on the following new items.5. A). Top industrial countries met in the US for world financeB). Developing economies met in the US for a summit on financeC). G20 leaders met in the US for a summit on future wold cultureD). Developing and top industrial economies met tn the US for a summit on finance6. A). 5 billionB).50 billionC). 500 billionD). 5000billion7. A). When to avoid a repeat of the financial crisisB). When to inject money without harming a recoveryC). How to withdraw that support without harming a recoveryD). How to inject money without harming a recoveryModel Test SevenQuestions 1 and 2 will be based on the following new items.1. A). The election in KenyaB). The economy and democracyC). The diplomatic relations with other countryD). The peace in the country2. A). About 30B). More than 300C). Around 3 000D). More than 5 000Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following new items.3. A). positiveB). reluctantC). optimisticD). careless4. A). 400million dollars and 100 military expertsB). 140 million dollars and 100 military expertsC). 140 million dollars and 500 soldiersD). 400 million dollars and 500 soldiersQuestions 5 to 7 will be based on the following new items.5. A). Negotiations between developing and industrialized countriesB). A struggle to reach a new global agreement on climate changeC). The deadlock of United Nations climatic talksD). A list of demands by developing nations6. A). It’s a global agreement on climate changeB). It expired at the end of last monthC). It fell into deadlock and continued into the second roundD). The United Nations climate talks have made a replacement for it7. A). Crafting replacement for the Kyoto ProtocolB). Reducing emissions of greenhouse gasesC). Stopping industrial emissions of greenhouse gasesD). Coping with the effects of climate change respectivelyModel Test EightQuestions 1 and 2 will be based on the following new items.1. A). The Angeles National ForestB). The fire fighting in Los AngelesC). The tools used in fire fightingD). The protection of Mount Wilson2. A). Tractors and hand toolsB). Helicopters and airplanesC). The slightly higher humidityD). The 20-kilometer fire linesQuestions 3 and 4 will be based on the following new items.3. A).it is the new health care lawB). It is the short term spending lawC). It is the new federal budget lawD). It is the federal operation law4. A). It will increase the government’s economic burdenB). It will lead to a partial shutdown of the US governmentC). It will give rise to a clash between the two major political partiesD). Ti will oblige people to buy insurance policies unwillinglyQuestions 5 to 7 will be based on the following new items.5. A). The country’s big labor unionB). The country’s big governmentC). The country’s big businessD). The county’s big police6. A). They blocked the trafficB). The occupied New YorkC). They clashed with community groupsD). They controlled too much wealth7. A). It has now spread to other Asian citiesB). The protesters have camped in New York’s cultural districtC). Members of labor unions joined the movement on WednesdayD). The protesters represent the wealthiest 99% Of AmericansModel Test NineQuestions 1 and 2 will be based on the following new items.1. A).it did not reach analysts ‘ expectationsB). It was a favorable news for the automakerC). It hinted a decline of Ford’s net incomeD). It spurred a rise for Ford’s share price2. A). There are small losses in North AmericaB). Prices should be raised in European marketC). Another product line should be set up in EuropeD). Earnings continued to be good in North AmericaQuestions 3 and 4 will be based on the following new items.3. A). The development of French engineering firmsB). Working and living condition in the city of DijonC). The environmentally-friendly building in FranceD). A tour of the landmark buildings in France4. A). Metal skirtB). Solar panelC). Sun shieldD). sandwichQuestions 5 to 7 will be based on the following new items.5. A) . The international Space StationB). The Siberia VesselC). The Baikonur CosmodromeD).the Progress 456. A). On SundayB). On MondayC). On TuesdayD). On Wednesday7. A). At 4;02B). At 4; 11C). At 4;20D). AtModel Test TenQuestions 1 and 2 will be based on the following new items.1. A). South Africa’s multiracial historyB). Musical New Year’s tradition in South AfricaC).southeast Asia slaves in Cape TownD). Cape Town’s mixed race or “colored” residents2. A). The dockworkersB). European minstrelsC).the Dutch colonistsD). Cape Town’s residentsQuestions 3 and 4 will be based on the following new items.3. A). Monitoring all banks in the countryB). Ensuring a safe economic policyC). Providing advice to the PresidentD).offering enough money to the government4.A). She once taught at Berkeley UniversityB).she got tenure at Harvard UniversityC). She has a Nobel Prize in Economic TheoryD). She had been working the Federal Reserve for over 10 yearsQuestions 5 to 7 will be based on the following new items.5. A). To deal with labor unrest in the countryB). To worsen the relationship between police and protestersC). To suppress the legal protestsD). To protect the garment factory workers6. A). In two industrial complexesB). In the southern BangladeshC). In the garment factories of ChittagongD). In the capital Dhaka7. A). It will worsen the relationship between workers and security forcesB).It will worsen the relationship between workers and factory ownersC).It will worsen the relationship between union leaders and legitimate protestersD).It will worsen the relationship between government and protestersModel Test ElevenQuestions 1 and 2 will be based on the following new items.1. A). 18 000B).80 000C).60 000D).16 0002. A). Meet the miners’ original demandB).offer more benefits to poor black minersC). Improve the miners’ working conditionsD). Offer a 10% pay riseQuestions 3 and 4 will be based on the following new items.3. A). Chances of guessing the correct lotto numbersB). Ross’s dreams about winning the lottoC). People’s madness for lotto games in ItalyD). Foreigners’ visit to Italy for the lotto drawings4. A). A huge amount of moneyB). Free flights to ItalyC). A free tour in EuropeD). Tickets for the lotto gamesQuestions 5 to 7 will be based on the following new items.5. A). Stopping renewing an agreementB). Blocking an agreementC). Renewing an agreementD). Blocking the renewal of a contract6. A). It provided sufficient privacy safeguardsB). It cannot protect privacy sufficientlyC). It provided insufficient safeguardsD). It failed to safeguard people’s interests7. A).the Swift Money Transfer SystemB). The Brussels TreatyC). The Lisbon TreatyD). The Swift SystemModel Test TwelveQuestions 1 and 2 will be based on the following new items.1. A). Energy and power shortage in KenyaB). Emergency measures for the livestock in KenyaC). Rockefeller foundations’ assistance in KenyaD). Kenya emergency plan food and water shortage2. A). local communitiesB). The armyC).the civil societyD).the power companyQuestions 3 and 4 will be based on the following new items.3. A). When he was skating in the French AlpsB).when he was skating in the German AlpsC). When he was skiing in the French AlpsD). When he was skiing in the German Alps4. A). He is now in a hospital in MoutiersB). He is having a psychological test nowC). He has an English friend who is a trauma specialistD). He was taken to a local hospital by helicopterQuestions 5 to 7 will be based on the following new items.5. A). They were between Christians and MuslimsB). They were between local people and MuslimsC). They were between local people and ChristiansD). They were between local army and Muslims6. A). It is a large commercial area to the northB). It was under military controlC). It was burnt to the groundD). There wee no debris and smoldering fires7. A). At least 100B). 100C). At least 1 000D). 1000Model Test ThirteenQuestions 1 and 2 will be based on the following new items.1. A). On the first Monday in NovemberB). On the first Tuesday in NovemberC). On the first Monday in DecemberD). On the first Tuesday in December2. A). Farns BaleniB). Ken CuccinelliC). Terry McAuliffeD). Chris ChristieQuestions 3 and 4 will be based on the following new items.3. A). The general US economic activityB). Consumer spending in US economyC). The lower savings rate in AmericaD). The government’s effort on economy4. A). The lower savings rate in four yearsB). The spending boost by AmericansC). Special payments by the governmentD). PNC Financial Services Group’s supportQuestions 5 to 7 will be based on the following new items.5. A). Labor department officialsB). civiliansC). lawmakersD). The army6. A). %B). 3%C). %D). 10%7. A). negativeB). positiveC). hopelessD). enlighteningModel Test FourteenQuestions 1 and 2 will be based on the following new items.1. A).Saturday classes about language and cultureB). Private high schools in San FranciscoC). The help of American high school students in SenagalD). The repair to the French colonial schoolhouse2. A). Fixing up the clinic inhabited by ducks and chickensB). Repairing and modernizing the village schoolhouseC). Installing solar panels and lights in a French colonial houseD). Learning the geography, language and culture of SenagalQuestions 3 and 4 will be based on the following new items.3. A). Some passengers were injured o the planeB). There was something wrong with the planeC). There were criminals on the jet planeD). It had been thought that the jet had been hi-jacked4. A). The jet was intercepted by US air forceB). The plane’s transponder mistakenly transmitted codeC). The pilots repeatedly told controllers they were hi-jackedD). The armed police arrested several criminals in the jet.Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following new items.5. A). The falling trees and high temperaturesB). High temperatures and more powerful windsC). The burning in key areas that was out of controlD). The steep terrain and more powerful wind6. A). Over seven days agoB). Over three days agoC). On WednesdayD).on Monday7. A).about 60 fires are burning in New South WalesB). 17 fires in New South Wales are under controlC). The fires have burned almost 10 000 hectares so farD). Over 200 firefighters have been busy getting the fires in control。

全球气候异常的作文英语

Climate change is one of the most pressing issues facing our planet today. The global climate is experiencing anomalies that have farreaching implications for ecosystems, economies, and human societies.Firstly, the increase in global temperatures, often referred to as global warming, has led to the melting of polar ice caps and glaciers. This not only contributes to rising sea levels but also disrupts the habitats of countless species that rely on these icy environments.Secondly, climate anomalies have resulted in unpredictable weather patterns. Droughts, floods, hurricanes, and other extreme weather events are becoming more frequent and intense. These events can lead to crop failures, which in turn affect food security and contribute to economic instability.Thirdly, the changing climate is causing shifts in ecosystems. Some species are migrating to cooler climates, while others are struggling to adapt to the new conditions. This can lead to a loss of biodiversity, which has cascading effects on the health of the entire ecosystem.To address these climate anomalies, it is crucial for nations to work together to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This can be achieved through the adoption of renewable energy sources, improving energy efficiency, and promoting sustainable practices in agriculture and forestry.Moreover, investing in climate change adaptation and resilience is essential. This includes developing infrastructure that can withstand extreme weather events, as well as implementing early warning systems to help communities prepare for and respond to climaterelated disasters.Education and awareness campaigns are also vital in combating climate change. By informing the public about the causes and consequences of climate anomalies, we can encourage individuals to make lifestyle changes that contribute to a more sustainable future.In conclusion, the global climate anomalies we are witnessing today are a call to action. It is up to all of us to take responsibility for our actions and work towards a more sustainable and resilient world. By doing so, we can help mitigate the impacts of climate change and preserve our planet for future generations.。

中国应对气候变化的政策与行动(中英)

中国应对气候变化的政策与行动China's Policies and Actions for Addressing Climate Change (full text)前言Foreword全球气候变化及其不利影响是人类共同关心的问题。

Global climate change and its adverse effects are a common concern of mankind. Ever since the industrial revolution, human activities, especially the massive consumption of energy and resources by developed countries in the process of industrialization, have increased the atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases, produced conspicuous impacts on the natural ecosystems of the Earth, and posed severe challenges to the survival and development of human society.中国是一个发展中国家，人口众多、经济发展水平低、气候条件复杂、生态环境脆弱，易受气候变化的不利影响。

英语二_强化班_阅读理解新题型课件

阅读理解B节第一部分标题对应Passage OneDirections:Read the following text and answer questions by finding a subtitle for each of the marked parts or paragraphs. There are two extra items in the subtitles. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)[A] Follow on Lines[B] Whisper: Keep It to Yourself[C] Word of Experience: Stick to It[D] Code of Success: Freed and Targeted[E] Efficient Work to Promote Efficient Workers[F] Recipe: Simplicity Means Everything[G] Efficiency Comes from OrderEvery decade has its defining self-help business book. In the 1940s it was How to Win Friends and Influence People, in the 1900s The Seven Habits of Highly Successful People. These days we’re worried about something much simpler: Getting Things Done.41._____________________________________________________That’s the title of productivity guru David Allen’pithy 2001 treatise on workingefficiently, which continues to resonate in this decade’s overworked, overwhelmed, overteched workplace. Allen hasn’t just sold 500,000 copies of his book. He has preached his message of focus, discipline and creativity everywhere from Sony and Novartis to the World Bank and the U.S. Air Force. He counsels swamped chief executives on coping with information overload. He ministers to some clients with an intensive, two-day, $6,000 private session in which he and his team organize their lives from top to bottom. And he has won the devotion of acolytes who document on their blogs how his Getting Things Done (GTD) program has changed their lives.42._____________________________________________________Allen admits that much of his basic recipe is common sense. Free your mind and productivity will follow. Break down projects and goals into discrete, definable actions, and you won’t be bothered by all those loose threads pulling at your attention. First make decisions about what needs to get done, and then fashion a plan for doing it. If you’ve cataloged everything you have to do and all your long-term goals, Allen says, you’re less likely to wake up at 3 a.m. worrying about whether you’ve forgotten something: “ Most people haven’t realized how out of control their head is when they get 300 e-mails a day and each of them has potential meaning.”43._____________________________________________________When e-mails, phone calls and to-do lists are truly under control, Allen says, the real change begins. You will finally be able to use your mind to dream up great ideas and enjoy your life rather than just occupy it with all the things you’ve got to do. Allen himself, despite running a $5.5 million consulting practice, traveling 200 days a year, finds time to joyride in his Mini Cooper and sculpture.44._____________________________________________________Few companies have embraced Allen’s philosophy as thoroughly as General Mills, the Minnesota-based maker of Cheerios and Lucky Charms, Allen began at the company with a couple of private coaching sessions for top executives, who raved about his guidance. Allen and his staff now hold six to eight two-day training sessions a year. The company has already put more than 2,000 employees through GTD training and plans to expand it company-wide. “Fads come and go,” says Kevin Wilde, General Mills’ CEO, “ but this continues to work.”45.____________________________________________________The most fevered followers of Allen’s organizational methodology gather online Websites like gtdindex. marvelz. com parse Allen’s every utterance. The 43 Folders blog ran an eight-part pod-cast interview with him. GTD enthusiasts like Frank Meeuwsen, on gather best practice techniques for implementing the book’s ideas. More then 60 software tools have been built specifically to supplement Allen’s system.Passage TwoDirections:Read the following text and answer questions by finding a subtitle for each of the marked parts or paragraphs. There are two extra items in the subtitles. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1 (10 points)[A] Experience or material purchase: complicated happiness.[B] Negative purchase is not fulfilling.[C] Think twice before you leap.[D] Bad purchase experience: slow to adapt to.[E] Good memory vs. bad memory: which is more forgettable?[F] Money can’t buy happiness? Not necessarily.[G] How materialistic are you? It makes a difference.Accumulating stuff may no longer be fashionable, as consumers look for other ways to find pleasure, such as spending more time with the family. But what if they’re wrong? What if fulfillment really could be found in buying that iPod or jewelry you’ve been hungering for?Consumer behavior research has found all sorts of lessons about how we shop. So it’s not surprising that a forthcoming study shatters some myths about materialism.41._______________________________________________________The old saying goes “Money can’t buy happiness,”but people usually mean “Material goods can’t buy happiness.”Spending time with the wife and kids on a camping trip costs money, but this spending is worthwhile and pleasurable. “Most people think materialism is not a good thing,”says Joseph K. Goodman, one of the authors of the study. “They think you’re not going to get happiness through possessions.” He says that the prevailing view among psychologists has long been that, experiential purchases tend to be “better”purchases than material purchases. Sometimes, being materialistic really can make you happier.42._______________________________________________________Goodman conducted three experiments. Two experiments asked the participants to recall both material and experiential purchases, and rate how happy the purchasemakes them feel. In the third, participants thought of three positive or negative purchases, and then rated them on how materialistic and how experiential those purchase were. They then rated their happiness with those purchases. Goodman found that the participants rated positive experiential purchases as more fulfilling than positive material purchases. As expected, memory seemed to favor good experiences. But when it came to purchases that participants later found regrettable, the results were turned over. “When a purchase turns out negatively, experience leads to less happiness.” Goodman says.43.______________________________________________________Why would such bad experiences be especially negative? It turns out that we can’t always get over the bad things we remember. Our most cherished memories are experiences rather than material things. Good memories stick around, so do the bad memories. “Our adaptation to negative experiences is not fast,” says Goodman. He also points out that if you buy a couch that looks bad, you will get over this easily and adapt to that faster than a terrible vacation even if that cost you less than the couch.44.______________________________________________________But not all people feel the same way about what they buy. The study also tries to take into account people who prefer materialistic things. So Goodman gave his participants a test to determine how important materialistic values are to them. He found that the more materialistic things mattered to a person, the less those people made a distinction between material and experiential purchases. “When a positive experience happens to them, they don’t seem to be any happier than with a material purchase,” says Goodman.45.______________________________________________________So what’s the lesson for the average consumer? “When you want to buy, you need to know how likely this is to turn out negatively.”says Goodman. Maybe there’s a reason you don’t have to make a purchase right now. if the risk of the experiential purchase turning out bad is high, you might be better spending that money on a new tangible luxury good. Hasty purchase would often result in an awkward situation afterward.第二部分多项对应Passage OneThe world economy has run into a brick wall. Despite countless warnings in recent years about the need to address a looming hunger crisis in poor countries and a looming energy crisis worldwide, world leaders failed to think ahead. The result is a global food crisis. Wheat, corn and rice prices have more than doubled in the past two years, and oil prices have more than tripled since the start of 2004. These food-price increases combined with soaring energy costs will slow if not stop economic growth in many parts of the world and will even undermine political stability, as evidenced by the protest riots that have erupted in places like Haiti, Bangladesh and Burkina Faso. Practical solutions to these growing woes do exist, but we’ll have to start thinking ahead and acting globally.The crisis has its roots in four interlinked trends. The first is the chronically low productivity of farmers in the poorest countries, caused by their inability to pay for seeds, fertilizers and irrigation. The second is the misguided policy in the U.S. and Europe of subsidizing the diversion of food crops to produce biofuels like corn-based ethanol. The third is climate change; take the recent droughts in Australia and Europe,which cut the global production of grain in 2005 and 2006. The fourth is the growing global demand for food and feed grains brought on by swelling populations and incomes. In short, rising demand has hit a limited supply, with the poor taking the hardest blow.So, what should be done? Here are three steps to ease the current crisis and avert the potential for a global disaster. The first is to scale-up the dramatic success of Malawi, a famine-prone country in southern Africa, which three years ago established a special fund to help its farmers get fertilizer and high-yield seeds. Malawi’s harvest doubled after just one year. An international fund based on the Malawi model would cost a mere $10 per person annually in the rich world, or $10 billion in all. Such a fund could fight hunger as effectively as the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, TB and Malaria is controlling those diseases.Second, the U.S. and Europe should abandon their policies of subsidizing the conversion of food into biofuels. The U.S. government gives farmers a taxpayer-financed subsidy of 51cents per gal of ethanol to divert corn from the food and feed-grain supply. There may be a case for biofuels produced on lands that do not produce foods – tree crops (like palm oil), grasses and wood products – but there’s no case for doling out subsidies to put the world’s dinner into the gas tank. Third, we urgently need to weatherproof the world’s crops as soon and as effectively as possible. For a poor farmer, sometimes something as simple as a farm pond –which collects rainwater to be used for emergency irrigation in a dry spell – can make the difference between a bountiful crop and a famine. The world has already committed to establishing a Climate Adaptation Fund to help poor regions climate-proof vital economic activities such as food production and health care but has not yet actedupon the promise.Passage TwoDirections:Read the following text and answer questions by finding information from the right column that corresponds to each of the marked details given in the left column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)Most people may drink only two liters of water a day, but they consume about 3,000 liters a day if the water that goes into their food is taken into account. The rich gulp down far more, since they tend to eat more meat, which takes far more water toproduce than grains. So as the world’s population grows and incomes rise, farmers will need a great deal more water to keep everyone fed: 2,000 more cubic kilometers a year by 2030, according to the International Water Management Institute (IWMI). Yet in many farming regions, water is scarce and likely to get scarcer as global warming worsens. The world is facing not so much a food crisis as a water crisis, argues Colin Chartres, IWMI’s director-general.The solution, Mr. Chartres and others contend, is more efficient use of water or, as the sloganeers put it, “more crop ere drop”, Some 1.2 billion people live in places that are short of water. Farming accounts for roughly 70% of human water consumption. So when water starts to run out, farming tends to offer the best potential for thrift. But governments rarely charge farmers a market price for water. So they are usually mare wasteful than other consumers – even though the value they create from the water is often less than households or industry would be willing to pay for it.The pressing need is to make water go further. Antoine Frerot, the head of the water division of Veolia Environment, promotes recycling of city wastewater to be used in industry or agriculture. This costs less and cuts pollution.Yet as Mr. Frerot himself concedes, there are many even cheaper ways to save water. As much as 70% of water used by farmers never gets to crops, perhaps lost through leaky irrigation channels or by draining into rivers or groundwater. Investment in drip irrigation, or simply repairing the worst leaks, could bring huge savings.Farmers in poor countries can usually afford such things only if they are growing cash crops, says David Molden of IWMI. Even basic kit such as small rainwater tanks can be lacking. Ethiopia, for example, has only 38 cubic meters of storage capacity per inhabitant, compared to almost 5,000 in Australia. Yet modest water storage canhugely improve yields in rain-fed agriculture, by smoothing over short dry spells. Likewise, pumping water into natural aquifers for seasonal storage tends to be much cheaper than building, a big dam, and prevents the great waste of water through evaporation.Agronomists are beginning to devise tools to help monitor the efficiency of water use. Some have designed algorithms that use satellite data on surface temperatures to calculate the rate at which plants are absorbing and transpiring water. That allows governments and development agencies to concentrate their efforts on the most prodigal areas.Raising yields does not always involve greater water consumption, especially when farms are inefficient. It would take little extra water to double cereal output in many parts of Africa, Mr. Molden argues. IWMI reckons that some three-quarters of the extra food the world needs could be provided simply by bringing yields in poor countries closer to those of rich ones. That is more realistic than the absolute alternative; giving up meat and other thirsty products altoghther.第三部分正误判断Passage OneDirections:Read the following text and answer questions by deciding each of the statements after the text is True of False. Choose T if the statement is true or F if the statement is not true. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)A Tree Project Helps the Genes of Champions Live OnAs an eagle wheels overhead against a crystalline blue sky, Martin Flanagan walks toward a grove of towering cottonwood trees beside the Yellowstone River, which is the color of chocolate milk due to the spring rain.As Mr. Flanagan leaves the glaring sun of the prairie and centers the shady grove, his eyes search for a specific tree. As he reaches a narrow-leaf cottonwood, a towering giant, he cranes his neck to look at the top, “This is the one I plan to nominate for state champion,” he says, petting the bark with his hand. “It’s a beauty, isn’t?”When Europeans first came to North America, one of the largest primeval forests in the world covered much of the continent. Experts say a squirrel could have traveled from the Atlantic coast to the Mississippi River without touching the ground. But onlyabout 3 percent of America’s native old-growth forest remains, and many of the trees they hold are those that were not big enough to attract a logger’s eye. The result is a generation of trees that barely resemble the native forests that once covered the country.That makes some scientists suspect that the surviving forests have lost much of their genetic quality, the molecular muscle that made them dominate the landscape. When the loggers swept through, these scientists say, only poor specimens were left to reproduce. Other researchers wonder whether environmental factors or just plain luck may explain a good part of the supertrees’ success.To answer those questions, the mightiest trees of their types, or genetically identical offspring, must be preserved for study, and that is what is being done by a handful of enthusiasts, including Mr. Flanagan and David Milarch, a nurseryman from Copemish, Michigan. They are searching out the largest tree of each species and taking cuttings of new growth to make copies of genetic clones of the giants. With tissue culture and grafting, they have reproduced 52 of the 827 living giants and are planting the offspring in what they call “living libraries.” More than 20,000 offspring have been planted.The work is part of the Champion Tree Project, which began in 1996 with financial help from the National Tree Trust, a nonprofit group in Washington.“Those big trees are the last links to the boreal forests,” Mr. Milarch, president of the Champion Tree Project, said.State and federal agencies and private organizations have been keeping track of the largest trees in each state for some time. The largest effort is the National Register of Big Trees, run by American Forests, a 125-year-old nonprofit group based inWashington. But the Champion Tree Project takes things a step further by making it possible for the largest trees to live on.Eventually the Champion Tree Project hopes to reproduce enough genetically superior trees for a nationwide reforestation project. The offspring of the native trees, should they prove genetically superior, could be especially valuable in urban settings, where the average tree lives just 7 to 10 years. But things like soil conditions, moisture and other environmental factors can also affect the success of the trees.41. Water in the Yellowstone River turned dark brown because of the spring rain.42. The cottonwood tree Mr. Flanagan found was an extremely tall tree with broad leaves.43. In the days when Europeans first came to America, it had one of the largest primeval forests in the world.44. Some scientists have the suspicion that the surviving forests have lost much of their genetic quality because they were the offspring of poor specimens45. The offspring of the supertrees have proved to be genetically superior to those of the average trees.Passage TwoDirections:Read the following text and answer questions by deciding each of the statements after the text is True of False. Choose T if the statement is true and F if the statement is not true. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)There has never been a better time to be a woman with the entrepreneurial bug. Businesses owned by women are the fastest-growing sector of new ventures in the United States. Nearly half of all privately held firms in 2004 were at least 50 percent owned by women, according to the National Foundation for Women Business Owners. Between 1997 and 2004, the number of businesses owned by women grew by almost 20 percent, compared with only a 9 percent increase overall.But are men and women who are trying to build their own businesses playing the same game? According to several recent studies, the deck is often stacked against female entrepreneurs: Compared with men, women tend to start their ventures with fewer resources, less reliable suppliers, and substantially less early-stage venture funding – a critical financial nudge that helps many businesses survive.Still, there are other avenues to entrepreneurial success, and women seem to be finding them. In a paper recently published in the Journal of Business Venturing, two business school professors John Becker-Blease, of Washington State University, and Jeffrey Sohl, of the Whittemore School of Business and Economics at the University of New Hampshire, examine how successful women are at getting access to “angel capital,”the free-flowing private-equity money that can often make or break a struggling business. In their study, “Do Women-Owned Businesses Have Equal Access to Angel Capital?”, the authors use annual survey data from more than 100 angel investing organizations between 2000 and 2004 to compare how businesses owned by men and women fared in their pursuit of investment dollars.Their findings are surprisingly optimistic: Women do receive less funding than men from angel investors, the authors conclude – but largely because they ask for it much less often. Only 8.9 percent of proposals brought to the angel organizations theystudied were pitched by women. As a result, more than 90 percent of angel dollars tend to go to men. When women do pitch to investors, though, they have about the same success rate as men do: In the period studied by the authors, 13.3 percent of female-owned ventures were funded, compared with 14.8 percent of business ideas owned by men. (Neither number is very high, a reminder of the huge obstacles facing anyone trying to start a small business.)Studies of the banking industry have found that women often have to deal with more subtle forms of discrimination than men do – being charged higher interest rates on loans, for example. But that doesn’t seem to be the case in angel investing. “We do not find evidence that women entrepreneurs must surrender greater equity ownership in exchange for investment dollars than men entrepreneurs,” the authors write.In this corner of the small-business world anyway, the playing field does seem to be relatively level. If anything, the study seems to make it clear that women who own small businesses have nothing to fear when it comes to angel funding. The business world may still be rigged against them in some ways, but when it comes to private equity, there doesn’t seem to be a ceiling for women, glass or otherwise.41. From 1997 to 2004, the number of businesses owned by men rose by less than 9%.42.Female entrepreneurs usually have fewer suppliers and funds than men when their businesses start.43. If women-owned ventures pitch more proposals to angel investors, they will have higher rate of successful funding.44. There seems to be less discrimination against women in angel investing than loans from banks.45. Generally speaking, there is nothing to fear for women business owners in private business field.。

环保绿色梦启航的英语作文

The concept of environmental protection and the dream of a green future have become increasingly significant in todays world.As the human population grows and industrialization expands,the impact on our planet has become a pressing concern.Here are some key points that could be included in an essay about the journey towards an environmentally friendly and sustainable future.Introduction:The importance of environmental protection in the21st century.The dream of a green future and its significance for the survival of our planet.The Current State of the Environment:The effects of pollution on air,water,and soil.The loss of biodiversity and the extinction of species.The impact of climate change and global warming.The Role of Governments and International Agreements:The role of the Paris Agreement in combating climate change.National policies and regulations aimed at reducing emissions and promoting renewable energy.Individual and Community Actions:The power of individual choices in reducing waste,conserving energy,and supporting sustainable products.Community initiatives such as tree planting,recycling programs,and local cleanup events.Technological Innovations:The development of clean energy technologies like solar,wind,and hydroelectric power. Advances in electric vehicles and public transportation to reduce reliance on fossil fuels.Education and Awareness:The importance of environmental education in schools and communities.Public awareness campaigns and the role of media in promoting green values.Challenges and Solutions:The economic challenges of transitioning to a green economy.Innovative solutions and the need for international cooperation.The Future of Green Living:Visions of smart cities and sustainable urban planning.The integration of green spaces and ecofriendly infrastructure.Conclusion:The collective responsibility of every individual,community,and nation to protect the environment.The hope for a greener,cleaner,and more sustainable future for generations to come.Call to Action:Encouraging readers to take steps towards a more sustainable lifestyle.The potential for each person to contribute to the global effort for environmental protection.By focusing on these points,an essay can effectively convey the urgency and importance of the environmental protection and the dream of a green future.It can inspire readers to consider their own role in this journey and to take action towards a more sustainable world.。

城乡碳荣计划

获奖学生：李龙飞、朱超、赵曰皓、陆明学校：中央美术学院指导教师：傅祎Group Member: Li Longfei, Zhu Chao, Zhao Yuehao, Lu Ming School: Central Academy of Fine Arts TechnologyAdvisor:Fu Yi THIRD PRIZE三等奖城乡碳荣计划在应对全球气候变化背景下，空间生态资源将被视为一种新的可被交易的资源。

只要满足一套可行的实施框架，它将通过新型市场实现货币化，在这个过程中，享有生态优势的广大内陆乡村将成为获益者。

所以，推动以林业碳汇为主的生态产品交易，是实现“乡村振兴战略”和“两山发展理念”的有效途径。

通过碳汇交易，林改后的农民首次获得了森林生态服务的货币收益，增强了农民可持续经营森林的信心。

这套体系的运行，也为企业搭建了一个自愿减排、扶贫惠农的公益平台。

企业购买碳配额实现价值转移的同时，帮助林农实现了生态服务的价值。

中国云南省沙溪镇寺登村是一个生态资源极为丰富的地区，由于当地林密多山，交通不便，偏远的地理位置一度阻碍了这片乡村的发展。

通过网络碳汇交易可以实现城乡远程交流，跨越物理空间上的屏障，为寺登村注入更多关注和经济收益，政府对林地进行分包到户，乡民有了碳汇交易概念，获得了实在的经济收入，并且将自己的院子挂到互联网中的碳繁荣平台上，并以此为抵押获取“生态框架”，从而获得更多的“生态生产空间”，新村的家家户户都拥有了自己的生态框架，大家将框架相互连接起来，注入更多的生产生活生态功能，随着生态框架的扩散，顺应山势生长，古老村落在周边新村的生长对比下浮现出来，成为传统文化的象征，于是，一个由碳汇交易系统而生的偏远大山里的乡村逐渐富有起来，乡村因碳而荣。

慢慢地，城市居民来到此地的目的已不再是浅尝辄止的旅游，而是看一看曾经在碳荣平台上种下的虚拟树现实的样子，并在新的生态框架中看到不同于传统乡村的丰富的文化活动和新奇的空间体验，甚至选择成为新的沙溪人，成为这个生态社区的一分子。

为了应对气候变化英语

为了应对气候变化英语Climate change is a real and pressing issue that we all need to take action on. It's not just about the polar bears and glaciers, it's about our future generations and the planet we call home.One simple way to contribute is by reducing our carbon footprint. Simple things like walking or biking to work, using energy-efficient appliances, and reducing food waste can make a huge difference.Planting trees is another great way to tackle climate change. Trees absorb carbon dioxide from the air andrelease oxygen, helping to clean our atmosphere. Plus, they provide shade and homes for wildlife.We should also support businesses and organizationsthat are committed to sustainability. Buying local, organic, and fair-trade products not only supports these businesses but also reduces the environmental impact of long-distanceshipping.Education is key in fighting climate change. We need to teach our children about the importance of protecting the environment and how their actions can make a difference. After all, they are the ones who will inherit this planet.Lastly, we should all speak up and advocate for stronger policies on climate change. Voting for leaders who prioritize environmental issues and signing petitions can help push for the changes we need to see. Remember, every voice counts.。

应对全球变暖英语作文

应对全球变暖英语作文Title: Coping with Global Warming。

As the Earth's temperature continues to rise, global warming has become a pressing issue that affects everyliving being on the planet. The effects of global warming are evident in the form of rising sea levels, melting glaciers, extreme weather conditions, and the extinction of many species. It is imperative that we take action to mitigate the effects of global warming and prevent further damage to our planet.One of the primary causes of global warming is the emission of greenhouse gases, primarily carbon dioxide,into the atmosphere. These gases trap heat from the sun, causing the Earth's temperature to rise. The burning offossil fuels such as coal, oil, and gas is the main sourceof carbon dioxide emissions. To reduce these emissions, we must transition to clean energy sources such as wind, solar, and hydro power.Another way to combat global warming is through energy conservation. By reducing our energy consumption, we can reduce the amount of greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere. Simple actions such as turning off lights and electronics when not in use, using energy-efficient appliances, and driving less can make a significant impact on reducing our carbon footprint.In addition to reducing greenhouse gas emissions, we must also adapt to the effects of global warming that are already occurring. This includes preparing for rising sea levels, more frequent and severe weather events, and changes in agricultural patterns. We must invest in infrastructure that can withstand extreme weather conditions, and develop new technologies and practices that can help us adapt to a changing climate.Individual action is also crucial in the fight against global warming. By making small changes in our daily lives, we can reduce our impact on the environment. This includes reducing our meat consumption, using reusable bags andcontainers, and supporting companies that prioritize sustainability.Finally, global cooperation is essential in addressing the issue of global warming. Governments, businesses, and individuals must work together to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to the effects of climate change. International agreements such as the Paris Agreement provide a framework for global action on climate change, but it is up to each of us to take action in our own lives and communities.In conclusion, global warming is a serious threat to our planet and requires immediate action. By reducing greenhouse gas emissions, conserving energy, adapting to the effects of climate change, taking individual action, and working together globally, we can mitigate the effects of global warming and create a sustainable future for ourselves and future generations.。

精品解析：河北省沧州市泊头市第一中学2023-2024学年高一下学期5月月考英语试题(原卷版)

高一下学期第四次月考英语试卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）1. What are the speakers talking about?A. A travel plan.B. An exam result.C. A sports game.2. Why does the man refuse to eat the chocolate cake?A He is on a diet. B. He has a bad tooth. C. He dislikes chocolate.3. Where will the woman go?A. To the shop.B. To the country.C. To Alice's home.4. Why does the man like monkeys?A. They are cute.B. They are clever.C. They are naughty.5. What is John now?A. A teacher.B. A lawyer.C. A writer.第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. Where does the conversation take place?A. At a gift shop.B. At a post office.C. At a printing store.7. What should the man do first?A. Weigh the objects.B. Place an order.C. Choose an order.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. In the man's house.B. In the museum.C. In the woman's house.9. What do we know about the woman?A. She is opposed to killing animals.B. She wants more tiger skins.C. She is in favour of her great-grandfather.10. What does the woman keep in the house?A. Her great-grandfather's photo.B. Pictures of Siberian tigers.C. The skin of a Siberian tiger. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

减缓气候变化的英语作文

减缓气候变化的英语作文题目，Mitigating Climate Change: A Call to Action。

Climate change, an imminent threat to our planet, demands urgent attention and decisive action from every individual, community, and nation. In the face of rising global temperatures, melting ice caps, extreme weather events, and diminishing biodiversity, it is imperative that we collectively strive to mitigate this crisis. This essay explores the multifaceted nature of climate change and presents a comprehensive framework for tackling it, drawing inspiration from widely circulated online essays while offering original insights and perspectives.At the heart of the climate change crisis lies the excessive emission of greenhouse gases, primarily carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O), largely driven by human activities such as burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial processes. These emissions trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere, leading to aphenomenon known as global warming. To combat this, transitioning to renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and hydropower is paramount. By investing in clean energy infrastructure and phasing out fossil fuel subsidies, governments can accelerate the shift towards a low-carbon economy, simultaneously creating jobs and fostering sustainable development.However, addressing climate change requires more than just technological solutions; it necessitates a fundamental shift in societal attitudes and behaviors. Education and awareness campaigns play a crucial role in this regard, empowering individuals to make informed choices and adopt eco-friendly lifestyles. From reducing energy consumption and adopting sustainable transportation options topracticing mindful consumption and promoting circular economy principles, there are myriad ways in which individuals can contribute to reducing their carbon footprint.Furthermore, safeguarding our natural ecosystems is essential for mitigating climate change and enhancingresilience to its impacts. Forests, wetlands, and oceans act as carbon sinks, absorbing CO2 from the atmosphere and storing it in biomass and soil. Therefore, preserving and restoring these ecosystems is paramount. Afforestation and reforestation initiatives not only sequester carbon but also provide habitat for biodiversity and mitigate soil erosion. Similarly, protecting marine ecosystems such as coral reefs and mangroves not only mitigates ocean acidification but also buffers coastal communities against storm surges and sea-level rise.In addition to mitigation efforts, adaptation strategies are crucial for coping with the unavoidable impacts of climate change. Building climate-resilient infrastructure, implementing early warning systems for extreme weather events, and enhancing agricultural practices to withstand changing climatic conditions are essential aspects of adaptation. Moreover, fostering international cooperation and solidarity is indispensable for addressing the disproportionate impacts of climate change on vulnerable communities, particularly in developing countries.In conclusion, mitigating climate change requires a concerted effort at the individual, community, and global levels. By embracing renewable energy, adopting sustainable lifestyles, preserving ecosystems, and promoting adaptation measures, we can collectively mitigate the impacts of climate change and safeguard the future of our planet for generations to come. Let us heed the call to action and embark on this transformative journey towards a more sustainable and resilient world. Together, we can make a difference.This essay draws inspiration from the structure and key points of widely circulated online essays on mitigating climate change while offering original insights and perspectives. Through an in-depth analysis of the causes, impacts, and solutions to climate change, it provides a comprehensive framework for addressing this pressing global challenge.。

气候焦虑英语作文

气候焦虑英语作文Climate Anxiety。

Climate change is a pressing issue that has been a cause for concern for many people around the world. With rising temperatures, extreme weather events, and the loss of biodiversity, it's no wonder that many individuals are experiencing climate anxiety. This type of anxiety is characterized by feelings of fear, helplessness, and despair in response to the environmental crisis. In this essay, we will explore the causes and effects of climate anxiety, as well as potential solutions to address this growing problem.One of the main causes of climate anxiety is the overwhelming amount of information and media coverage surrounding the issue of climate change. With constant news reports about melting ice caps, rising sea levels, and devastating wildfires, it's easy to feel a sense of hopelessness about the future of our planet. Additionally,the lack of action from world leaders and governments to address climate change only adds to the feelings of despair and anxiety.Furthermore, the direct impacts of climate change on individuals' lives can also contribute to climate anxiety. For example, people living in coastal areas may experience anxiety about the threat of rising sea levels and the potential loss of their homes. Farmers may worry about the impact of droughts and floods on their crops, leading to financial instability and stress. These personal experiences of climate change can exacerbate feelings of anxiety and fear about the future.The effects of climate anxiety can be profound and far-reaching. Individuals may experience symptoms such as depression, insomnia, and a sense of hopelessness about the future. This can impact their overall well-being andquality of life, as well as their ability to function in their daily lives. Additionally, climate anxiety can lead to feelings of anger and frustration towards those who are not taking action to address the issue, furthercontributing to social and political tensions.In order to address climate anxiety, it is importantfor individuals to take action and seek support. This can include participating in environmental activism, supporting sustainable practices, and advocating for policy changes at the local and national level. By taking an active role in addressing climate change, individuals can regain a sense of agency and control over the situation, which can help alleviate feelings of helplessness and despair.Furthermore, seeking support from mental health professionals can also be beneficial for individuals experiencing climate anxiety. Therapists can provide tools and strategies for coping with the emotional and psychological impacts of climate change, as well as offer a safe space for individuals to process their feelings and fears. Additionally, joining support groups and engaging in community-based initiatives can help individuals feel a sense of solidarity and connection with others who are also concerned about the environment.In conclusion, climate anxiety is a real and valid response to the environmental crisis that is currently unfolding. It is important for individuals to acknowledge and address their feelings of fear and despair, while also taking proactive steps to address climate change and seek support from mental health professionals and community resources. By coming together and taking action, we can work towards a more sustainable and hopeful future for our planet and for future generations.。

关于教育好的话题英语作文

Education is a cornerstone of society, shaping the minds and futures of individuals. It is through education that we learn to think critically, solve problems, and contribute to the world around us. Here are some key points to consider when discussing the importance of education:1. Foundation for Personal Growth: Education provides the foundation for personal growth and development. It helps individuals to understand themselves better, improve their skills, and prepare for their future careers.2. Cultural and Social Development: Education is crucial for the cultural and social development of a society. It promotes values such as tolerance, respect for diversity, and social cohesion, which are essential for a harmonious community.3. Economic Growth: A welleducated population is vital for economic growth. Educated individuals are more likely to be innovative, contribute to research and development, and fill highskill jobs that drive the economy forward.4. Civic Engagement: Education fosters civic engagement. It equips individuals with the knowledge and skills necessary to participate actively in the democratic process, make informed decisions, and hold leaders accountable.5. Global Competitiveness: In todays globalized world, education is key to a nations competitiveness. Countries that prioritize education are better positioned to compete in the global market and attract international investment.6. Innovation and Technology: Education is the driving force behind innovation and technological advancement. It prepares individuals to embrace and contribute to the rapidly evolving fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics STEM.7. Equality and Social Mobility: Education is a great equalizer, offering opportunities for social mobility. It can break the cycle of poverty by providing access to better job opportunities and a higher standard of living.8. Lifelong Learning: Education should not be limited to formal schooling. Lifelong learning is essential in a rapidly changing world, and education should encourage a love for learning that continues throughout ones life.9. Coping with Change: Education helps individuals to cope with change by fostering adaptability and resilience. It prepares them to navigate the complexities of life and work in an evershifting landscape.10. Global Citizenship: Education cultivates global citizenship, encouraging individuals to understand and respect different cultures, and to work towards global issues such as climate change, poverty, and human rights.In conclusion, education is not just about acquiring knowledge it is about empowering individuals to make a positive impact on the world. It is the responsibility of societies to invest in education to ensure a prosperous and inclusive future for all.。

1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。

Coping with global climate change by enhancing water security capacity---Speech at High-Level Roundtable Meeting on Strategy of Coping with Extreme Weather in ChinaChen LeiMinister of Ministry of Water ResourcesApril 22, 2011Respected Vice President Zhang Meiying, President Wang Shucheng, distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen,I am very pleased to join the High-level Round Table Meeting on Strategy of Coping with Extreme Weather held by China Committee of Global Water Partnership, together with Asian Development Bank and Office of State Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters. First of all, on behalf of Ministry of Water Resources, I would like to extend my sincere congratulations to the meeting and heartfelt thanks to the participants from organizations of the United Nation, international organizations and financial institutes as well as government agencies from differentcountries and people of all circles.Climate change has a deep impact on existence and development of human being, and become the major challenge faced by all countries in the world.China is densely populated and fast developed developing country. Water is insufficient comparing to large population. Water is unevenly distributed in time and space. The basic condition of the country is featured as unmatched water resources capacity with the production pattern. In recent years, affected by global climate change, a tendency of increasing extreme weather occurs in China. Sudden, unusual and unexpected flood and drought disasters happen frequently. Besides, sudden, frequent and simultaneous strong rainstorm, extreme hot weather and drought and super typhoon have been increased. A tendency of more water in the south and less in the north has been formed. The actual-observed runoff of major rivers has been reduced. In the north, water shortage scarcity is getting worse as drought affected areas in major agricultural areas are expanding along with moving up of spring weather, and pests appearing more frequent and earlier than before, resulting in an unstableagricultural production.A series ecological problems have come out, such as shrinking of glacier and frozen earth, drying up of many rivers in northern part of China, withering or disappearing of some lakes, decrease of reservoir water storage, loss of functions of some wetlands, increasing pollution in water bodies; coastal erosion caused by sea level rise, salt water intrusion, saline and alkaline of farmland, sea water intrusion in estuary area etc. Therefore, in order to cope with extreme weather, it is crucial for China concentrating on flood and drought disaster prevention, safeguarding water safety and realization of sustainable water resources utilization, in the process of building up a well-off society in an all round way and promotion and speeding up of modernization.Chinese Government attaches high importance to the issue of global climate change and regards resource conservation and environment protection as the basic national policy. In order to promote harmony between economic and social development with population, resources and environment, measures of promoting recycled economy, extending Low carbon economic, development of hydropower, solar energy, wind power and other renewable energies have been adopted.Before the UN Copenhagen climate change conference 2009, Chinese Government made a commitment, i.e. comparing to that in 2005, in 2020 the emission of carbon dioxide per GDP will be 40%-45% lower; the percentage of non-fossil energy consumption in disposable energy will be 15%; forest area increases 40 million hectare; and reserve of forest increase 1.3billion cubic meters.In the outline of Chinese 12th Five-Year Plan, specific requirement is made to speed up transformation of economic development pattern. Water resources are obviously the key area under great impact of global climate change. Water infrastructure construction can be a base for coping with climate change, in particularly extreme weather events. The No.1central document makes the Decision of Speeding up Water Development and Reform, gives priority to water as the basic infrastructure of the country and highlights the role of disaster prevention and reduction in coping with climate change, which puts increasing emphasis on water safety fornational security.In the period of 12th Five-Year Plan, we will insist on the principle of putting emphasis on both reduction and adaptation, integration of development and conservation, construction and management, scientific innovation and new system creation, government guidance and public participation, effective implementation of policies of the Central Government, strengthening basic water infrastructures and flood control and drought relief system, water resources conservation, protection and management system, enhancing capacity of emergency management to flood and drought, furthering up campaign of water development and reform, so as to upgrade capacity of coping with climate change and provide guarantee for a long-term, stable and fast economic development and realization ofwell-off society in China.First, improvement of flood prevention system will be highlighted. Considering the outstanding problems raised by severe flood and drought in recent years, priority will be given to harness of medium and small rivers and major tributaries of big rivers, strengthening of small hazard reservoirs, prevention of mountain flood, repair of aged water gates, so as to lower the annual average direct economic loss caused by flood disasters to less than 0.7% in the total GDP in the 12th Five-Year Planperiod.Second, construction of farmland infrastructures will be consolidated. We shall complete counterpart facility construction of backbone scheme and water conservation rehabilitation of more than 70% large irrigation districts and 50% key medium irrigation districts; realize a net increase of effected irrigated area of about 2.6 million hectare; newly increase of 3.3 million hectare of high efficient water-saving irrigated area; further up construction of small waterworks on farmland in the selected counties, build “five small water projects” of cellar, pond, dam, pump and canal, put emphasis on end canal system construction in water saving rehabilitation and completion of on-farm counterpart facilities ofirrigation district.Third, approach of water-saving society establishment will be promoted. We will regard the implementation of most strict water management system as a strategic measure for the establishment of water-saving society. We will draw “three red lines” for controlling water development and use, water use efficiency and pollution bearing capacity of water function zones. We shall improve the implementation of following measures, such as charging system for water resources utilization, water resources assessment, water abstraction permit system and specifying responsibility of water resources management and performance evaluation. Water use per 10,000 yuan national GDP will be lower than 140 cubic meters; water use per 10,000 yuan of industrial added value will be lower than 80 cubic meters; water use coefficient of irrigation will increase to0.53.Fourth, water supply capacity will be enhanced. We shall further up construction of drinking water safety project and provide safe drinking water to all rural residents. South-North Water Diversion project will be accelerated, for building a layout of strategic water resources allocation as “three vertical and four horizontal river systems, water transferring from south to north and balancing water needs of east and west”, so as to use floodwater filling up the shortage in the dry season, use clean water to dilute pollution and finally enhance the overall level of water resources allocation. Advanced technologies for sea water desalination, use of recycled water and rainwater storage will be encouraged. The newly increased water supply capacity will reach to about 40 billion cubic meters; annual average direct economic loss caused by drought disaster in the percentage of GDP in the same period should belower than 1.1% .Fifth, soil and water conservation and ecosystem protection shall be strengthened. We shall construct national soil and water conservation project; control erosion in main protection area and mountain disaster affected areas; control of slope farmland cultivation and restoration of ecological fragile river system and areas. We shall accelerate hydraulic energy development under the condition of protecting ecology and farmers’ interests; promote hydropower development in rural areas: newly increased installed capacity of hydropower in rural areas in the next five years will be 5 million kilowatt; newly increase annual power generation will be 2.15 billion kilowatt-hours; annual reduction of carbon oxygenwill be 18 million tons.Sixth, strategic reserve of water resources shall be strengthened. Emergency plan for securing water safety in particular period should be worked out in line with local condition by adopting multiple measures for emergency water supply. In water deficiency river basins like Haihe and Liaohe where more groundwater are used, total groundwater excavation will be under strict control; deeper aquifer exploitation will be graduallybanned; water diversion through South-North Water Diversion Project will replenish abstraction of groundwater for recovering aquifer and increasing strategic reserve. In Northwest regions, the focuses are places on protection and conservation of water sources, construction of backbone water structures for enhancing water storage capacity in river basins, relief measures for encountering with drought disaster. In water rich area of southwest, the focuses are placed on water sources and counterpart facility construction, improvement of water regulation in river basin, provision of emergency water source in extreme drought condition by fully use of groundwater storage.Seventh, capacity of dealing with emergency during flood and drought will be further enhanced. Non-structural measures of flood control shall be strengthened by consolidating administrative leader responsible system, improving hydrologic monitoring system and flood control commanding system, setting up an emergency system that covers all area and regions including townships and villages and all population, building rescue teams combined by professionals and participation of public for flood control and drought relief; building up material reserve for flood control and drought relief; and enhancing emergency management level.Eighth, international cooperation and exchange should be promoted. China has actively participated international cooperation and exchange in the field of scientific studies on coping with climate change. Since 1990, China has participated in inter-governmental conference and workshops of IPCC. Departments and institutions of the Ministry of Water Resources implemented the UNDP project of Studies on impact of climate change on China and vulnerability assessment; project of study on climate change impact on water resources in China together with United Nations Children's Fund and United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization. At the same time, various types of exchange and cooperation have been conducted with scientific and research institutions of U.K., Canada, Switzerland and other countries. International Center on Small Hydropower has initiated the campaign of “lighting Africa” with other organization, a clean energy development mechanism with small hydropowerand cooperation project in terms of design of small hydropower plants and export of machinery and equipment, aiming at helping developing countries in African to develop clean energy and slow down the pace of climate change. In the future, we shall continue international cooperation and exchange with both governments and private sector, learn advanced experiences and good practices from different countries, and make effort to alleviate impact of climate change on China’s water resources.Ladies and gentlemen, it is our common obligation to guarantee water safety by means of taking effective measure for coping with extreme weather and scientifically prevent flood and drought disasters. China is willing to strengthen cooperation and exchange with international organizations and countries all over the world, for meeting with challenges brought by climate change, make greater contribution to the realization of sustainable water resources utilization, long-term, fast and stable economic development, and harmonized and stabled society.Finally, I wish the conference a great success. Thank you.。