高考英语书面表达01-01 专题指导(1)

2013高考英语书面表达01-01：专题指导（1）书面表达亦称为写作是高考英语试卷中最后一个出现的部分，是整个试卷的压轴戏，其分值大约占总分的1/5。

在各省自主命题的背景下，写作的分值出现了分值增加的趋势。

如：从2007年起广东高考改革新题型的书面表达占了40分（基础写作占15分和读写任务占25分），可见写作题在高考英语中的重要地位。

考纲对写作的要求：能根据所读文章进行转述或写摘要；能根据用文字及图表提供的信息写短文或报告；能写出语意连贯且结构完整的短文，叙述事情或表达观点和态度；能在写作中做到文体规范、语句通顺。

考生应能：①在一定的语境中准确使用英语语法和词汇；②使用一定的句型、词汇，清楚、连贯地用英语表达题目所要求表达的意思以及发表自己的感想。

高考命题的形式：从命题形式上看，近几年的命题一般分为两种形式：第一种是指导性写作（以全国高考试题为代表），也就是人们常说的半开放写作题，试题提供一定的情景内容，要求考生完成100-150字的书面材料（江苏卷要求150字左右）。

情景提供的方式有：文字（包括中文和英文）提纲要点、图画、图表等。

体裁包括：应用文（留言条、请假条、通知、书信、电子邮件、日记、启事等等）、记叙文、说明文、议论文、看图作文（图表式作文、图画式作文）等。

写作时，考生既不能随意发挥也不能逐条翻译。

第二种是开放式写作题（以北京高考试题为代表），即给出漫画、给出主题或两三点提示，由考生去发挥、构思，考生的思路是不同的，写出来的文章当然会是不一样的，所以开放式写作通常没有参考范文。

基本解题步骤：①审题：观察判断要写文章的类型和特点；②抓点：要点就是高考评分的给分点或者扣分点。

要求能在提纲、图画、图表等的提示下用简单词语写出所表达的内容。

这样做可以防止要点遗漏或者过分发挥；③定调：即确定体裁与题材，确定格式、人称、时态语态、人称口吻、顺序段落、开头和结尾。

然后将要点扩展成句；④成文：连句成文。

正确使用过渡词，使行文流畅。

并注意段与段的衔接；⑤修改：看看是否有要点遗漏，字数是否符合要求，人称、时态、主谓一致等方面的错误，以便及时修改；⑥誊写：修改无误后，认真规范地誊写在规定的地方。

**************************************************************结束假设你是高三学生李华，开学之初，你们新换了英语老师Ms Li。

她希望了解每位同学的英语学习情况，并征求教学建议。

请按以下要点用英语给她写一封信。

1、对英语学习的认识;2、自己目前的英语水平;3、自己英语学习存在的主要问题;4、对英语教学的两点建议。

注意：1、词数100左右;2、信的开头和结尾已给出。

Dear Ms Li,I’m very happy to have you as our English teacher.------------------------------------------Thank you!Li Hua【参考范文】Dear Ms Li,I’m very happy to have you as our English teacher.As the world is becoming a global village, English is getting more and more important, so mastering English means we can see the world through a new window. My English is just OK and the two main problems in my study are that I feel it difficult to learn words by heart, and that I often feel nervous when speaking English. I really hope that you can give me good advice on how to memorize new words. Another suggestionis to give us more chances to practice speaking. I believe we can make much progress in English with your help.Thank you!【解析】本文的内容非常简单，要点都已经列出了，考生根据自己的实际情况写出真实的情况。

要注意使用高级词汇和句型如as…随着…;同时也要使用一些合适的连词，让文章更流畅。

***************************************************结束二书面表达（满分15分）你已经是高三学生，正在老师和学校的帮助下紧张备战高考，在近三年的高中生活中，你的学校和老师肯定给你留下这样或那样的印记，请你用英语写一篇作文描述你对学校和老师的印象。

要求：不少于100词，语句通顺，用词准确。

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】I’m in senior three this year. With the college entrance examination approaching, all the teachers and students are engaged in preparing for the important exam. First of all, all of our teachers are devoted to giving us lessons, in their free time, they will sacrifice their rest for us.So grateful are we that we determine totry our best to study.As for our students, most of us spare no efforts to study.Some of them even stay up late into deep night, which makes them feel sleepy in class. I am so worried about them that I suggest our teachers give us more time to relax in the hope that we can have more energy to study.【解析】这篇作文主要写清楚老师学生对高考做的准备工作，说明老师对学生的认真，学生的努力，用一般现在时，同时应该对现象提出解决办法。

写作时要用一些固定结构，象with the college entrance examination approaching, are engaged in preparing for ，are devoted to giving us lessons some of them even stay up late into deep night, which makes them feel sleepy in class. Some of them even stay up late into deep night, which makes them feel sleepy in class.这句话是非限制性定语从句。

*********************************************************结束三的个性发展和家人的身心健康。

请你根据表格中的信息和自身的感受，以How we can build up a harmonious family 为题用英语写一篇短文。

主要特征充满温暖、爱心和欢笑；相互关爱、尊重和理解主要益处生长在和睦家庭环境中的孩子会乐观向上生活在和睦家庭中的父母会健康快乐父母该怎么做言行举止上做好表率；充分尊重、信任孩子；经常与孩子沟通交流你该怎么做……注意：1.对所有要点逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译。

2. 词数150左右，开头已经写好，不计入总词数。

3.作文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。

How we can build up a harmonious familyA harmonious family is essential to our personal development and our physical and mentalhealth.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】How we can build up a harmonious familyA harmonious family is essential to our personal development and our physical and mental health. A harmonious family is always full of warmth, love and laughter. Parents and children love and show concern for each other. They also respect and understand each other. If a child grows up in a harmonious family, he is more likely to be cheerful and optimistic. Otherwise, he may be miserable and pessimistic. Meanwhile, parents in a harmonious family are sure to live happily and more healthily. Since a harmonious family plays a very important role in our life , it is up to every family member to contribute to the building of such a family. First of all, parents should be a role model for their children and pay more attention to their own words and behavior. Besides, they must trust their children and often communicate with them.As children of the family, we should also respect and understand our parents, and try to share their burdens. If we do so, our home will always be harmonious. (157W) ******************************************************结束。