P179阅读理解38Life Form Found on Saturn's Titan土卫六上发现了生命迹象

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2023-2024年中考英语真题任务型阅读之还原句子(含答案)

2023-2024年中考真题任务型阅读之还原句子(2023四川成都中考)补全短文根据短文内容，从短文后的A～F 选项中，选出5个适当的选项补全短文。

Money may not buy happiness, but it helps. Many teenagers want to learn how to manage money before going out into the world. ___1___ This idea is raised by Dr. Mara Harvey, a money expert. The following are some of her tips.Learn to make money. Ask parents or neighbors if you can do chores to make pocket money. These could include washing a car or taking the dog for a walk. ___2___ In this way, you can also improve your communication skills, which will help when you have a grown-up job, too.Help your money grow. Money can’t grow if it’s sitting inside a piggy bank. Put your money in the bank and you can get interest (利息) . ___3___ One day you may feel surprised at how much money you have.Make a plan. If you have a big event, such as a holiday coming up, it might mean you will need to spend more of your pocket money. Try making a plan for spending and saving. ___4___ Then it will help you take control of your money.___5___ Figure out how much you can reasonably spend each month. Spend your money on what you truly need. Then try to cut down on spending. For example, rather than eating out, you can choose to cook at home.【答案】1-5 BDEFA(2023浙江嘉兴、舟山中考)阅读以下材料, 然后从下面方框中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出符合各部分信息的问句（其中一项为多余选项）, 完成第56～58题。

2012年职称英语【理工类】阅读理解中英文背诵模板

2012年职称英语【理⼯类】阅读理解中英⽂背诵模板2012年职称英语（理⼯类）阅读理解中英⽂背诵模板 (3)第⼀篇 Ford Abandons Electric Vehicles. 3第⼆篇World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier Than Some Predict 3第三篇 Citizen Scientists. 4第四篇 Motoring Technology. 4第五篇 Late-Night Drinking. 5第六篇（新增）Making Light of Sleep. 6第七篇 Sugar Power for Cell Phones. 6第⼋篇 Eiffel Is an Eyeful 7第九篇 Egypt Felled by Famine. 7第⼗篇 Young Female Chimps Outlearn Their Brothers. 8第⼗⼀篇 The Net Cost of Making a Name for Yourself 8第⼗⼆篇 Florida Hit by Cold Air Mass. 9第⼗三篇 Invisibility Ring. 9第⼗四篇 Japanese Car Keeps Watch for Drunk Drivers. 10第⼗五篇 Winged Robot Learns to Fly. 11第⼗六篇 Japanese Drilling into Core of Earth. 11第⼗七篇 A Sunshade for the Planet 12第⼗⼋篇 Thirst for Oil 12第⼗九篇（新增）Graphene's Superstrength. 13第⼆⼗篇 Explorer of the Extreme Deep. 13第⼆⼗⼀篇 Plant Gas. 14第⼆⼗⼆篇 Snowflakes. 14第⼆⼗三篇 Powering a City? It's a Breeze. 15第⼆⼗四篇 Underground Coal Fires -- a Looming Catastrophe. 16第⼆⼗五篇 Eat to Live. 16第⼆⼗六篇 Male and Female Pilots Cause Accidents Differently. 17第⼆⼗七篇 Driven to Distraction. 17第⼆⼗⼋篇 Sleep Lets Brain File Memories. 18第⼆⼗九篇 Food Fright 18第三⼗篇 Digital Realm.. 19*第三⼗⼀篇 Hurricane Katrina. 20*第三⼗⼆篇 Mind-reading Machine. 20*第三⼗三篇 Experts Call for Local and Regional Control of Sites for Radioactive Waste. 21*第三⼗四篇 Batteries Built by Viruses. 21*第三⼗五篇 Putting Plants to work. 22*第三⼗六篇 Listening Device Provides Landslide Early Warning. 22*第三⼗七篇 "Don't Drink Alone" Gets New Meaning. 23*第三⼗⼋篇（新增） “Life Form Found” on Saturn's Titan. 24*第三⼗九篇 Clone Farm.. 24*第四⼗篇（新增）Teaching Math, Teaching Anxiety. 25+第四⼗⼀篇 Too Little for Global Warming. 25+第四⼗⼆篇 Renewable Energy Sources. 26+第四⼗三篇 Forecasting Methods. 26+第四⼗四篇 Defending the Theory of Evolution Still Seems Needed. 27+第四⼗五篇（新增） Small But Wise. 28+第四⼗六篇（新增）Ants Have Big Impact on Environment as “Ecosystem Engineers”. 28 +第四⼗七篇 Listening to Birdsong. 29+第四⼗⼋篇 "Hidden" Species May Be Surprisingly Common. 29+第四⼗九篇 U.S. Scientists Confirm Water on Mars. 30+第五⼗篇 Cell Phones Increase Traffic, Pedestrian Fatalities. 302012年职称英语（理⼯类）阅读理解中英⽂背诵模板第⼀篇 Ford Abandons Electric Vehicles ⽂章名称问题答案Ford Abandons Electric Vehicles 1.Ford Abandons ElectricVehicles（理理C）1) What have the Ford motorcompany, General Motor’s and Hondadone concerning electric cars?2) According to Tim Holmes of FordEurope, battery-powered cars3) Which auto manufactures are stillproducing electric vehicles?4) According to the eighth paragraph,hybrid cars5) Which of the following is true aboutthe hope of car manufacturers accordingto the last paragraph?1.Ford Abandons ElectricVehicles（理理C）1) They have given upproducing electric cars.2) Will not be the maintransportation vehicles in thefuture.3) Toyota and Nissan.4) run more miles than petroldriven cars.5) The legislation will allowmore low-emission to produced.福特放弃电动汽车1.福特放弃电动汽车福特放弃电动汽车（理（理C）①针对电动汽车，通⽤汽车公司和本⽥汽车公司采取了_____________。

2014年职称英语阅读理解(38) +Life Form Found on Saturn's Titan

第三＋八篇"Life Form Found" on Saturn's TitanScientists say they have discovered hints of alien life1 on the Saturn's moon2. The discovery of a sort of life was announced after researchers at the US space agency,NASA3,analyzed data from spacecraft Cassini4,which pointed to,the existence of methane-based form of life on Saturn's biggest moon.Scientists have reportedly discovered clues showing primitive alien beings are"breathing" inTitan's dense atmosphere filled with hydrogen.They argue that hydrogen gets absorbed before hitting Titan's planet-like surface covered with methane lakes and rivers. This,they say,points to the existence of some"bugs"5 consuming the hydrogen at the surface of the moon less than half the size of the Earth."We suggested hydrogen consumption because it's the obvious gas for life to consume on Titan,similar to the way we consume oxygen on Earth,"says NASA scientist Chris McKay."If these signs do turn out to be a sign of life,it would be doubly exciting because it would represent a second form of life independent from water-based life on Earth."To date,scientists have not yet detected this form of life anywhere,though there are liquid-water-based microorganisms on Earth that grow well on methane or produce it as a waste product. On Titan, where temperatures are around 90 Kelvin6(minus 290 degrees Farenheit),a methanebased organism would have to use a substance that is liquid as its medium for living processes, but not water itself. Water is frozen solid on Titan's surface and much too cold to support life as we know it.Scientists had expected the Sun's interactions with chemicals in the atmosphere to produce a coating of acetylene on Titan's surface. But Cassini detected no acetylene on the surface.The absence of detectable acetylene on the Titan's surface can very well have a non-biological explanation,said Mark Allen,a principal investigator7 of the NASA Titan team."Scientific conservatism suggests that a biological explanation should be the last choice after all non-biological explanations are addressed,"Allen said. "We have a lot of work to do to rule out8 possible non-biological explanations. It is more likely that a chemical process,without biology,can explain these results."词汇：Saturn /'sætən/ n．土星methane/'mi:θein/ n．甲烷，沼气Titan/'taitən/ n．土卫六acetylene/ə'setili:n/ n．乙炔alien/'eiljən/ n．外星人；adj．外星球的；相异的conservatism/kən'sʒ:vətizəm/ n．保守主义,守旧注释：1.hints of alien life：外星生命迹象。

2013职称英语理工B新增题整理(押题)

Teaching Math, Teaching AnxietyI n a new study about the way kids learn math in elementary sc hool, the ps ychologists at the U nivers ity of Chicagol1 Sian Beil ock and Sus an Levine found a s urprising relations hip between what female teachers think and what female s tudents learn:I f a female teac her is unc omfortable with her own math s kills, then her female s tudents are more likely to believe that boys are better than girls at math.练习：1. What is the result of the research at the University of Chicago,according to the f irst paragraph?D Female teac hers' c onfidence in their math skills is related to girl's math skills.2. What is implied in the third paragraph?B A diffic ult s ubject like math may affect teac hers' c onfidence in teac hing the s ubj ec t.3. According to the experiment,those teachers were probably anxious about math w hen they f eltC uneasy reading the numbers of a sales rec eipt.4. The sixth paragraph tells us that the research f indingsA prove a s trong link between female teac hers' math anxiety and their female s tudents' math ac hievements.5. David Geary thinks thatB the research res ults need to be retested bas ed on a larger s ample.Free Statins With Fast Food Could Neutralize Heart RiskFast food outlets could provide statin drugs free o f charge so that customers can reduce the heart disease dangers of fatty food, researchers at Imperial College London suggest in a newstudy．Statins reduce the amount o f unhealthy ”LDL” cholesterol in the blood. A wealth of trial data has proven them to be highly effective at lowering a perso n’s heart attack risk .In a paper published in the American Journal of Cardiology，Dr Darrel Francis and colleagues calculate that the reduction in heart attack risk offered by a statin is enough to o ffset the increase in heart attack risk fro m eating a cheeseburger and drinking a milkshake．Dr Francis，fro m the National Heart and Lung Institute at Imperial College Lon don，who is the senior author of the study, said:”Statins don’t cut out a11 of the unhealthy effects of cheeseburgers and French fries．It’s better to avoid fatty food altogether．But we’ve worked out that in terms of your possibility of having a heart attack. T aking a statin can reduce your risk to more or less the same degree as a fast food meal increases it.” “It’s ironic that people are free to take as many unhealthv condiments in fast food outlets as they like, but statins, which are beneficial to heart health, have to be prescribed. It makes sense to make risk-reducing statins available just as easily as the unhealthy condiments that are provided free o f charge．It would cost less than 5 pence per customer一not much different to a sachet of sugar.” Dr Francis said．When people engage in risky behaviours like driving or smoking, they’re encouraged to take measures that lower their risk, 1ike wearing a seatbelt or choosing cigarettes with filters. T aking a statin is a rational way of lowering so me o f the risks of eating a fatty meal．快餐销售点为了减少油脂食物对心脏疾病的危险，可以免费提供降胆固醇类药物.伦敦大学帝国理工学院的研究者在一个新的研究中建议到。

2012职称英语理工B级必考资料-看后必过

第一部分：词汇词汇11、will you……….call may (phone)2、we’ll give……..space to (room)3、I have to go at once (immediately)4、The policemen……identify……(name)5、W e were…….occurred (happened)6、It took me…plete……(finish)7、The herd medicine eventually……(finally)8、We had along conversation….(talk)9、please let me…….attend…(go to)10、He have made up his mind…..(decided)11、you teacher….account…..(consideration)12、We have to put up with….(tolerate)13、They have given up……..(abandoned)14、I seldom watch TV (rarely)15、The dentist……take out …..(extract)词汇22、photojournalist coverage…(reportage)3、Below 600…..dimly….(faintly)4、“I’m not…..”mildly…..(gently)5、In 1861 it…inevitable……(certain)6、Many of novelist….isolated…(solitary)7、The workers… called off…(cancelled)8、John has…made up his mind….(decided)9、I catch…now and then (occasionally)10、He often finds fault with…(criticizes)11、The little…grasped….(took hold of)12、In judging…consideration…..(account)13、I can no….tolerate…(put up with)14、The doctors….abandoned……(given up)15、Have you….lately?(recently)词汇31、Even in a highly…..,manual…..(physical)2、+3、Many residents…….(occupants)4、The steadily………(continuously)5、Hundreds of……remedy…(cure)6、John Hanson…..draft……(formulate)7、Practically all……(Almost)8、Sulphur…occasionally….(sometimes)9、When doves…..try…(test)10、I rarely….(seldom)11、When she……readily….. (willingly)12、The dentist…..extract…(take out) 13、Y ou must shine…(polish)14、The majority……decent…(honest)15、A deadly…….(fatal)词汇41、Many fine…insist on….(demand)2、since the…….damaging (harmful)3、Cement…seldom…..(rarely)4、Nerve….speeds..(velocities)5、The poet…physician…(doctor)6、Medicine…particularly (especially)7、We shall…safe (secure)8、An important…a branch (a division)9、The child’s…abnormal (unusual)10、There is an abundant…(a plentiful)11、In order…accelerate..(step up)12、Gas..accumulate…(collect)14、Her…..childish (immature)词汇51、They hav e….appalling….(dreadful)2、I wasn’t…..anyhow (anyway)3、He achieved….(attained)4、The standards…..capabilities….(abilities)5、The army….in conjunction…..(together)6、His claims..credible…(convincing)7、Jack…diligent…(hardworking)8、society is….diverse…(varied)词汇61、With immense……(enormous)2、The scientists accumulate….(build up)3、When jack…overtook…..(passed)4、Because of…..advisable….(wise)5、Data from…..puzzle…(mystery)6、He rolled…exhibit…(show)7、Why can’t……eternal…(everlasting)词汇71、Loud noises…annoying (irritating)2、Human….de-liberately (intentionally)3、The constitution’s vague …..(imprecise)4、The expedition summit….10:30(top of the mountain)5、While….1970…ban (forbid)6、Gambling is lawful….(legal)7、They always mock…..(lugh at)8、These are…motives….(reasons)9、His new…omitted…..(failed)10、Guests were scared……(frightened)词汇81、He was one…anizers…(planner)2、The little boy…mighty…(very strong)3、The stories..authentically…(genuineely)4、Formulated..1832…asserted….(statedfirmly5、Smoking is…permitted (allowed)6、The chairman proposed….(suggested)7、I feel regret…..(sorry)8、She has……relied….(depended on)9、John removed……(took off)词汇91、Although……..an improved….(a better)2、There is ……breaks…..(beats)3、The attack…provoked….(elicited)4、Illinois….gangsters…(violent criminals)5、The towers….framework..(skeleton)6、The use of…hazard….(danger)7、Many….lure….(attraction)8、The……densely (compactly)9、The leading…..fascinated…(intrigued)10...They…settle…(solve)11…We….shocked……(surprised)词汇101、The …..uneasy (anxious)2、It is….demolished (pulled down)3、The….adverse (unfavorable)4、He…..concise…(short and clear)5、The…courteous….(respectful)6、The…invaluable…(extremely useful)7、The…insane….(crazy)8、Inhis..exhaustive(extremely thorough)9、Not….abided by..(adhered to)10...Examination… without bias (fairly)11.. The…terminated(put an end to)第二部分：新增文章篇目阅读理解（2篇）*第三＋八篇 "Li f e Form Found" on Saturn's Titan*第四十篇 Teaching Math, Teaching Anxiety完形填空（3篇）*第十一篇Climate Change Poses Major Risks f or Unprepared Cities*第十二篇 Free Statins Wi th Fas t Food Could Neutralize Heart Risk*第三＋八篇 "Li f e Form Found" on Saturn's Titan阅读理解Scientists say they have discovered hints of alien life1on the Saturn's moon2. T he discovery of a sort of lif e w as announced after researchers at the US space agency,NAS A3,analyzed data from s pacecraf t Cassini4,which pointed to,the existence of methane-based f orm of lif e on Saturn's biggest moon.…………………………段落省略"Scientific conservatism suggests that a biological explanation should be the last choice af ter all non-biological explanations are addressed,"Allen said. "We have a lot of w ork to do to rule out8 possible non-biological explanations. It is more likely that a chemical process,without biology,can explain these results."练习：1 .What have scientists f ound about Saturn?C、 They have f ound methane-based life on Ti tan.2. What do scientists say about Titan?A 、There are li f e clues there.3. To date,scientists have not yet detected this f orm of lif e.(paragraph 5)What does"this f ormof lif e" ref er to?B 、Methan e-based lif e.4. What can be inf erred from w hat Allen said?A、Scien tis ts have di ff eren t arguments over whether there is li fe on Ti tan.5. Which of the f ollow ing can replace the title of this passage?D、 A di fferen t Li fe Form, a Possibility.*第四十篇 Teaching Math, Teaching AnxietyIn a new study about the w ay kids learn math in elementary school, the psychologists at the ………………………………………………段落省略"This is an interesting study,but the results need to be interpreted as preliminary and in need of replication with a larger s ample6," s aid David Geary,a psychologist at the University of Missouri7 in Columbia.练习：1. What is the result of the research at the University of Chicago,according to the first paragraph?D 、Female teachers' con f idence in their math skills is related to girl's math skills.2. What is implied in the third paragraph?B 、A di ff icul t sub jec t like math may affec t teachers' conf idence in teaching the sub jec t.3. According to the experiment,those teachers w ere probably anxious about math when they feltC uneasy reading the numbers of a sal es receip t.4. The sixth paragraph tells us that the research findingsA 、prove a strong l ink between f emal e teachers' math anxiety and their f emal e s tuden ts' mathachievemen ts.5. David Geary thinks thatB、 the research results need to b e retes ted based on a larger sample.完形填空*第十一篇 Climate Change Poses Major Risks f or Unprepared CitiesA new examination of urban policies has been 1、carried out recently by Patricia Romero Lankao．She is a sociologist specializing in climate change and 2 、urban development．She w arns that many of the w orld’s fast-growing urban areas，especially in developing countries．will likely s uff er from the impacts of changing c limate．Her work also concludes that most cities are f ailing to 3、reduce emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse 4、gases．These gases are known to aff ect the atmosphere．”Climate change is a deeply local issue and poses profound threats to the grow ing cities of the world,” says Romero Lankao. ”But too few cities are developing eff ective strategies to5、pro tec t their residents."C ities are 6、major sources of greenhouse gases．And urban populations are likely to be among those most severely aff ected by f uture climate change. Lankao’s f indings highlight ways in w hich city-residents are particularly vulnerable, and suggest policy interventions that could off er immediate and longer-term 7 、benefi ts．The locations and dense construction patterns of cities of ten place their populations at greater risk for natural disasters. Potential 8、threats associated w ith climate include storm surges and prolonged hot w eather. Storm surges can f loodcoastal areas and prolonged hot weather can heat 9、heavily paved cities more than surrounding areas．The impacts of such natural events can be more serious in an urban environment．For example，a prolonged heat wave can increase existing levels of air pollution，causing widespread health problems．Poorer neighborhoods that may 10、lac k basic facilities such as drinking w ater or a dependable netw ork of roads，are especially vulnerable to natural disasters．Many residents in poorer countries live in substandard housing 11、wi thout access to reliable drinking w ater，roads and basic services.Local governments, 12、theref ore ,should takeme asures to protect their residents.”Unfortunately，they tend to move tow ards rhetoric 13、rather than meaningf ul responses, Romero Lankao writes, ” They don’t impose construction standards that could reduce heating and air conditioning needs. They don't emphasize mass transit and reduce 14 、 au tomobile use. I n f act, manylocal governments are taking a hands—off approach.” Thus, she urges them to change their 15 、idle policies and to take strong steps to prevent the harmf ul eff ects of climate change on cities.*第十二篇 Free S tatins With Fas t Food Could Neutralize Heart RiskFast f ood outlets could provide statin drugs free of 1、charge so that customers can reduce the heart disease dangers of fatty food, researchers at Imperial CollegeLondon 2、sugges t in a newstudy．Statins reduce the 3 、 amoun t of unhealthy ”LDL” cholesterol in the blood. A w ealth of trial data has proven them to be highly eff ective at lowering a person’s heart attack 4 、risk .In a paper published in the American Journal of Cardiology，Dr Darrel Francis and colleagues calculate that the reduction in heart attack risk off ered by a statin is 5、enough to off set the increase in heart attack risk from 6、eating a cheeseburger and drinking a milkshake．Dr Francis，from the National Heart and Lung Institute at Imperial College London，w ho is the senior author of the study, said:”Statins don’t cut out a11of the 7、unhealthy eff ects of cheeseburgers and French fries．I t’s b etter to avoid fatty f ood altogether．But w e’ve w orked out that in terms of your 8、possibility of having a heart attack. Taking a statin can reduce your risk to more or less the same 9、degree as a fast food meal inc reases it.”“It’s ironic th at people are free to take as many unhealthv condiments in f ast food outletsas they 10、like , but s tatins, w hich are beneficial to heart health, have to be prescribed. It makes sense to makerisk-reducing statins available just as easily as the unhealthy condiments that are 11、provided free of c harge．It w ould cost less than 5pence per 1 2、 cus tomer 一not muchdiff erent to a sachet of s ugar.” Dr Francis said．When people engage in risky behaviours like driving or smoking,they’re encou raged to take 13、measures that low er their risk, 1ike 14 wearing a seatbelt or choosing cigarettes w ith f ilters. Taking a statin is a rational w ay of 1 5、lowering some of the risks of eating a f atty meal．二阅读判断A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned（一）Inventor of LED（LED的发明者）1.Holonyak's colleagues thought he would fail in his research on LEDs at the time when he started it. A2.Holonyak believed that his students that were working with him on the project would get the Lemelson-MIT Prize sooner or later. C3.Holonyak was the inventor of the transistor in the early 1950s. B4.Holonyak believed that LEDs would become very popular in the future. A5.Holonyak said that you should not do anything you are not interested in. C6.Edith Flanigen is the only co-inventor of LEDs. C7.The Lemelson-MIT Prize has a history of over 100 years. B（二）EI Nino（厄尔尼诺）1.The method used by the Columbia University researchers can predict El Nino a few months in advance. B2.The Columbia University researchers studied the relationship between the past El Nino occur-rences and sea-surface temperatures. A3.The Columbia University researchers are the first to use sea-surface temperatures to match-the past El Nino occurrences. C4.Weare's contribution in predicting El Nino was highly praised by other meteorologists. C5.According to a Chinese report, the flooding in China caused by El Nino in 1991 and 1997 affected 200 million Chinese people. B6.It takes about, eight months for El Nino to reach its peak. A7.A special institute has been set up in. America to study El Nino. C（三）Smoking（抽烟）1.It is easy to determine whether smoking is hazardous. B2.Smoking reduces one's .life expectancy. A3.Smoking may induce lung cancer. A4.There is evidence that smoking is responsible for breast cancer. C5.Male smokers have a lower death rate from heart disease than female smokers. B6.Nicotine is poisonous.A7. Filters and low tar tobacco make' smoking safe. B （四）Engineering Ethics（工程道德）1.Engineering ethics is a compulsory subject in every institute of science and technology in the United States. C2.The. number of students wishing to take the course of engineering ethics is declining at TexasA&M University. B3.The National Science Foundation involves itself directly in writing up material about ethical issues. B4.It seems that medical ethics and business ethics are more mature than engineering, ethics. A5.Several engineering professors have quit from teaching to protest against the creation of a new course in engineering ethics. C6.Many engineering professors may not have time to prepare material for class discussion on, professional ethics. A7.It is likely that following this introductory passage, the author will provide the necessary material related to the topic of engineering ethics. A（五）Rescue platform（救生平台）1. A rescue platform called the Eagle is capable of moving vertically but not sideways. B2.The four propellers are fitted horizontally to the Eagle.A3.With the help of jet engines the Eagle can fly at a speed of 100 miles an hour. C4.In the third paragraph, the word helicopter refers to the Eagle. B5.The more jet engines are fitted to the propellers, the more people the platform can carry. C6.In the wake of 'September 11, Mr. Metreveli has secured enough funding to build up .a small-scale model of the Eagle to test his idea. B7.Mr. Metreveli is designing for Israel a more advanced form of rescue platform than the Eagle or the Eaglet. C （六）Microchip research center created（微芯片研究中心成立）1.The country says that.. the investment of US $14 million is big enough for developing that country's chip industry. B2.That country gives top priorities to developing chips for military purposes. C3. Although the licensing fees are not very high, that Far Eastern country cannot afford to pay. B4.Many western countries ban the exporting of the most advanced chip-making technologies to that country to prevent them from being used for military purposes. A5.Currently, almost all the flagship chipmakers in that country are owned by American investors. C6. Mainstream chip production technology develop rapidly.A7.More than 10 chip plants being built in that country are an example of self-reliance. B（七）Moderate earthquake strikes England（中度地震袭击英国）1.During the April 28 earthquake, the whole England was left without power. B2.The Channel Tunnel was closed, for 10 hours after the earthquake occurred. C3.It was reported that one lady had got her head and neck injured, but not seriously. A4.France and several other European countries sent their medical teams to work side by side with the British doctors. C5.The country's strongest earthquake took place in London in 1580. B6.Musson predicted that another earthquake would occur in southeast England sooner or later. A7.It can be inferred from the passage -that England is rarely hit by high magnitude earthquakes. A（八）Easy learning（容易的学习）1.Babies can learn language even in their sleep. A2.An infant can recognize a lot of vowels by the time he or she is a year old. C3.Finnish vowels are easy to distinguish. C4.The three vowels mentioned in this article are all Finnish sounds.A5.The study shows that the infant's cerebral cortex is working while he is asleep. A6.If an adult wants to learn a language faster, he can put a language tape under his pillow. B7.Cheour's finding is worthless. B（九）Dangers await babies with altitude（高海拔地区的婴儿有危险）1.According to the passage, one of the reasons why newborns in mountain communities are underweight is that their mothers are under-nourished. B2.Giussani's team members are all British researchers and professors from Cambridge University. C3.Giussani did not expect to find that the weight of a baby had little to do with the financial conditions of the family he was born into. A4.The weight of a newborn has to do with the supply of oxygen even when he was still in his mother’s womb. A5.High-altitude babies have heads that are larger than their bodies. B6.High-altitude babies have longer but thinner limbs than average. C7.Giussani has arrived at the conclusion that babies in high-altitude regions are more likely to have heart trouble when they grow up. B（十）Irish dolphins may have a unique dialect（爱尔兰海豚可能有独特语言）1.The difference in eating habits between the bottle-nose dolphins and the sperm whales interested the SDWF scientists. C2.Ronan Hickey analysed almost 2,000 different dialects of the bottle-nose dolphins. B3.Of the 32 categories, eight were produced only by the Irish dolphins. A4Whistles could also be used to communicate between adult dolphins and baby dolphins. A5.Sperm whales can produce stronger ultrasonic waves to kill their prey than dolphins. C6.As early as the 6th century, Irish' fishermen started raising dolphins in the Shannon estuary. B7.Irish dolphins attract tourists and over 25,000 people come to see them every year. A（十一）Computer Mouse（电脑鼠标）1.Most computer users want to know how the computer mouse works. B2.Accroding to the author, general computer users need not to know how the computer mouse was invented. C3.The computer mouse derives its name from the cable that goes out its body, which looks like the tail of a mouse. A4.The key components of a computer mouse are the two LEDs. A5.When an ordinary computer mouse gets dirty, it has to be replaced with a new one. B6.The most durable computer mice on sale are the IBM ones. C7.The optical mouse is superior to the basic one in that the former has no moving parts. A（十二）Study Helps Predict big Mediterranean Quake（科学家研究预测地中海地区大地震）1.The fault, which was overlooked before, has been closely studied by scientists. A2.It is fun to identify the fault for the AD 365 earthquake and tsunami. B3.Radiocatbon dating techniques can bi used to identify the age of the earth. C4.Scientists predict that the next powerful earthquake in the eastern Mediterranean may take place some time before 2100. A5.Ms. Shaw has her colleagues help her in the study of earthquake prediction. A6.Ms. Shaw measured the movement of either side of the fault to identify the magnitude of the earthquake taking place in AD365. B7.The earthquake prediction devices developed by Ms. Shaw are being widely used in the world. C三、概括大意和完成句子第一篇More Than 8 Hours sleep too Much ofa Good Thing课文：1、AIthough…..consequences.2、Investigators…..sleepers.3、These…..This4、Previous….more5、For……functioning6、Kripke……he said练习：1、paragraph 2 （sleep…sleepers）【E】2、paragraph 4 (Dangers…of sleep)【B】3、paragraph 5 (Kripke’s….T ool)【A】4、paragraph 6 (A Way…..Insomnia)【D】5、T o…need to (sleep..than 8 hours)【F】6、Long..likely to (suffer….problems)【E】7、One…..unable to (fall….again) 【A】8、One….of dying (sleep…7hours) 【C】第二篇Soot and soow:a Hot Combination 课文：1、New….past century.2、Soot….sunlight.3、Soot…..New Y ork4、Hansen……and land.5、“Black”….Hansen noted.6、Hansen…..of is century.7、The…sunlight.练习：1、paragraph 3 （Explanation…soot）【C】2、paragraph 4 (Soot’s..Atmosphere)【A】3、paragraph 6(Greenhouse…Warming)【F】4、paragraph 7 (Observations..Hemisphere)【B】5、In…Soot (Contributed..warming)【B】6、Hansen..gases ( still…century)【E】7、Black…..ice (absorb….backgound) 【D】8、A soot….which (produces…magnitude)【A】第三篇Icy Microbes课文：1、In ice…of ice2、A research..to life3、Doran…..on Mars4、Called….seawater.5、That….bacteria6、The…..covering练习：1、paragraph 2 （Antarctic…revived）【E】2、paragraph 3 (Significance…sheet)【A】3、paragraph 4(Accidental….Antarctica)【F】4、paragraph 6 (2004…Specimens)【D】5、Scientists…of ice ( Was of value)【B】6、Scientists ice sheet (may…..of ice)【C】7、What the…in 2004 (is to…analysis) 【E】8、The….lake Vida (is found seawater) 【A】第四篇Compact Disks课文：1、If……wide2、A small…as music3、Digital………codes4、There…CD-ROMs5、CDs….of them6、Science….CD-ROMs练习：1、Paragraphs 1＆2 (CDs..Explained)【D】2、Paragraphs 3 (Digital..Applications)【A】3、Paragraphs 4 (CDs..Formats) 【F】4、Paragraphs 5 (CDs…durable) 【C】5、One…disks (be..on) 【E】6、The...record-ing (take…years) 【B】7、The….CD Player (be ….parts) 【C】8、Space……codes (keep….efficiently)【F】第五篇LED Lighting课文：1、An…lighting2、Michael….of atoms3、When….white glow4、Then…..bulb5、LEDs……to break6、Quantum….a fork练习：1、Paragraphs 1(LED…Lighting) 【B】2、Paragraphs 3 (Bowers…Discovery)【E】3、Paragraphs 5 (LED..Advantages)【D】4、Paragraphs 6 (Almost…Futur) 【C】5、Unlike…so (it is..efficient) 【F】6、Edison’s..because (traditional..dear)【A】7、Something…when (a…dots) 【B】8、Over…2025 if (America…LEDs)【C】第六篇How W e Form First Impression课文：1、We ……..traits2、The……..mean3、If you……wrong4、When…..or freaks5、However……..hunane练习：1、Paragraphs 2(Comparing…Memories)【D】2、Paragraphs 3 (Illustration…Impression)【C】3、Paragraphs 4 (Comment…Impression)【B】4、Paragraphs 5 (Ways…Impressions)【A】5、Sensory….Through(The…Through)【E】6、Y ou…brain(rmation)【D】7、The…to(The..child) 【C】8、We…to (The…cortex) 【B】第七篇：Screen Test1. Every year 。

Unit1LifeChoices单元话题阅读理解练习高一英语单元重难点易错题精练(北师大版2019)

Unit 1 Life Choices单元话题阅读理解练习（2324高一上·海南海口·阶段练习）What a day! I started at my new school this morning and had the best time. I made lots of new friends and really liked my teachers. I was nervous the night before, but I had no reason to be. Everyone was so friendly and polite. They made me feel at ease. It was like I’d been at the school for a hundred years!The day started very early at 7:00 am. I had my breakfast down stairs with my mom. She could tell that I was very nervous. Mom kept asking me what was wrong. She told me I had nothing to worry about and that everyone was going to love me. If they didn’t love me, Mom said to send them her way for a good talking to. I couldn’t stop laughing.My mom dropped me off at the school gates about five minutes before the bell. A little blonde(金发的) girl got dropped off at the same time and started waving(招手) at me. She ran over and told me her name was Abigail. She was very nice and we became close straight away. We spent all morning together and began to talk to another girl called Stacey. The three of us sat together in class all day and we even made our way home together! It went so quickly. Our teacher told us that tomorrow we would really start learning and developing new skills.I cannot wait until tomorrow and feel as though I am really going to enjoy my time at my new school. I only hope that my new friends feel the same way too.1．How did the author feel the night before her new school?A．Tired B．Excited C．Worried D．Annoyed.2．What did the author think of he r mother’s advice?A．Clear B．Funny C．Reasonable. D．Interesting3．What happened on the author’s first day of school?A．She met many nice people B．She had a hurried breakfastC．She learned some new skills D．She arrived at school very early4．What can we infer about Abigail?A．She disliked Stacey. B．She was shy and quiet.C．She got on well with the author. D．She was an old friend of the author.（2324高一上·江西南昌·阶段练习）The introduction of the iPad, with its touch screen technology, hasallowed even very young children to take advantage of a puter. So what if all children in a school were given an iPad to use in class and take home with them?Anne Laure Bazin works in a school where every child, teacher and teaching assistant is given a free iPad to use in and out of lessons. For her, the main advantage of everyone having an iPad has been the improvement in munication. Documents (文件) can be emailed straight over to coworkers during a meeting. Children can submit their homework by email, or through other terminals used on their iPads instead of giving it straight to the teachers. Teachers now take the register using their iPad, which means that there is a centralized record of which children are in school, and which classroom they are in.The use of iPads has encouraged greater sharing of resources among teachers. All munication with parents is now done by email. Working as a group in class is much easier as children can share documents. The whole class can look at one child’s work by attac hing the iPad to the whiteboard. If a child has forgotten the textbook, the teacher can take a photograph of the relevant (相关的) page and send it to the student in class.While the use of the iPad in schools has revolutionized (变革) the way children are tau ght, it hasn’t pletely replaced more traditional methods of teaching. Worksheets are still used in class as some children prefer the contact with paper. The children all have a textbook and exercise books. In Anne Laure’s school, parents feared that the iP ads would replace exercise books and children would lose handwriting skills. Anne Laure says, “The teachers are not ready to let go of the traditional style of teaching. We have weled the iPads in so much as they help munication and widen the resources available (可得到的) but we are not ready to let go of paper yet. The children themselves still value their exercise books and depend on them for revision. ”5．What does the underlined word “submit” in the second paragraph mean?A．Clean up. B．Concentrate on. C．Write down. D．Hand in.6．What is an advantage of using iPads in the classroom?A．It saves students bringing the textbooks.B．It reduces parents’ worry about teaching.C．It improves the relationship between teachers.D．It makes sharing information convenient.7．What is parents’ attitude towards the use of iPads in the classroom in Annie’s school?A．Worried. B．Uncaring. C．Annoyed. D．Supportive.8．What is the main idea of the last paragraph?A．Teachers prefer traditional methods of teaching.B．The iPads won’t take the place of printed materials.C．More and more schools are using iPads.D．Exercise books are more valuable now.（2324高一上·山东菏泽·阶段练习）Going from middle school to high school can be difficult, as students are faced with new academic (学业的) and social challenges. Before the first day of high school, there are things every soontobe high school freshman and their families should know.People who have a fixed mindset (思维倾向) believe that they are born to be great or weak. On the other hand, people that have a growth mindset believe that their greatness or weakness is because of their own actions. I totally agree that students should have a growth mindset. I don’t expect any student to move from just passing a subject to an A+. It’s going to take time and focuse d effort; just keep working on it.Parents should prepare students to fight the battle “on the pillow” and “in the kitchen”. When I say “pillow” I mean sleep. Not having enough sleep can have some surprising effects on students, including improper behavior, anxiety and poor grades. The second weapon (武器) is eating healthy and balanced meals. Studies show that students who eat nutritious meals and who exercise 60 minutes a day remain more attentive during the school day and experience improved academic achie vement and grades. This last “secret” weapon is not to have overscheduled (安排过度的) time. Make sure students know how to set realistic plans and how to say no to tasks and activities that aren’t important to them.A lot of students know each other from prima ry and middle school. They are in their “fort zones”, feeling they have a sense of control over and expectation of their relationships. But e the first real day of high school, that will all change.The reason I encourage high school freshmen to step out of their fort zones, though often scary, is that fort zones get boring and there are many kinds of people to get to know. Let’s encourage them to get involved, have fun and play.9．Which of the following represents a fixed mindset?A．I’m at the starting poin t of my potential.B．My mother is not good at chemistry either.C．I should start studying a little earlier next time.D．It’s okay if I fail; at least I’ve learned something.10．What might the author encourage parents to do?A．To prepare healthy meals for their kids.B．To praise their kids when they do well in school.C．To take their kids to visit their grandparents often.D．To buy soft pillows for their kids to have a good rest.11．What is the third weapon mainly about?A．Enjoying good health.B．Owning the ability to say no.C．Balancing schoolwork and play.D．Developing time management skills.12．What does the underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refer to?A．The sense of control.B．The value of friendship.C．The feeling that they have control over relationship.D．The feeling that they bee helpless.（2324高一上·河北秦皇岛·阶段练习）Frank and his brother Jack lived near the ocean. Frank was outgoing while Jack was shy. They liked doing different things. Frank was famous for organizing games of beach volleyball, football, and any other sport imaginable. Jack preferred to draw, paint, or build sandcastles (沙堡).Frank didn’t understand why Jack would rather do artistic things than play ball. He believed sports often allowed many kids to play together. That was when Ja ck’s idea hatched. He would show Frank what doing things together looked like!After Jack finished creating a special sandcastle with stairs, towers and walls, he took pictures of it. Then he painted colorful posters featuring (突出) his sandcastle and the q uestion, “Can you top this?” He hung his posters everywhere in town, announcing his plan for a day of sandcastle artistryall ages wele.When Frank saw poster, he not so nicely told Jack that no one would e. Still, shortly after sunrise on Saturday, Jack was on the beach digging in the sand. By midmorning, four kids were sculpting (雕塑) the sand alongside him. By noon the number had increased a lot.After Frank came back from his ball game, he went to check how his brother’s plan turned out. He couldn’t believe what he saw. At least 30 people were building a city of sandcastles, and everyone was chatting and laughing and working together! It was the most beautiful thing he had seen on the beach.“I guess you’ve proved me wrong,” Frank said. “You should make this sandcastle day a yearly tradition!”Handing Frank a shovel (铲子) with smile, Jack got started together with his brother on their super creation in the sand.13．What does the underlined word “hatched” in Paragraph 2 probably mean in Chinese?A．产生B．改变C．消失D．中断14．What helped people know about Jack’s plan?A．Beautiful towers. B．Colorful posters.C．A town building. D．A sandcastle day.15．When learning about Jack’s plan, Frank was ________.A．Doubtful B．Interested C．satisfied D．nervous16．What can we know about Jack’s idea?A．It came from picture. B．It needed 30 people’s support.C．It proved Frank right. D．It did work well.（2324高一上·安徽宿州·阶段练习）Sharon, Aged 22The most important thing to keep in mind when going into high school is to be yourself. Besides, I don’t know what your middle school was like, but high school teachers will not care about things such as how much homework you already have for one night. It’s best to just learn to deal with things and manage your time wisely so you can achieve everything you need to do.Frank, Aged 21I think almost every kid feels both anxious and excited before their first day. You will probably love it. I know I did. You should join in some sports or activities that will make your high school experience more enjoyable. Good luck!David, Aged 19I’m not going to lie. The first day is kind of frightening. But you’ll get used to it. Don’t be afraid of anyone; upperclassmen will pick on you more if you let them know you’re afraid. Just take it easy. Making some friends and st aying with them will greatly help you get used to high school quickly. After the first week it’s really not bad at all. Don’t worry.Eddie, Aged 20When I started high school, I was really nervous too, especially since I had been homeschooled all through mi ddle school and didn’t really know anyone. I suppose the best advice would be to just relax. The first couple of days can be a little bit hard, but things will bee easier before you know it.17．What can we infer from Sharon’s words about high school?A．Teachers are quite strict. B．Students often stay up at night.C．Teachers provide little care for students. D．Students should make good use of their time.18．Who mentions the importance of friends?A．David. B．Frank. C．Sharon. D．Eddie19．How did Eddie feel on his first day of high school?A．Excited. B．Worried. C．Bored. D．Relaxed.（2324高一上·云南昆明·期末）Math had never been something I was good at since middle school. Classes became harder in high school, and I was even further from a math teacher’s dream student. So at the start of my freshman year, I really loathed math. It wasn’t that I didn’t want to do well, but simply that I didn’t think I was able to do well. “I can’t” became my state of mind in all things about math.However, I was soon to learn that “I can’t”was not a choice in Mr. A’s class.Mr. A always greeted us with open arms as he said, “Wele! Smile! It’s a great day to be alive!” It was clear that Mr. A had a true passion (热情) not only for math but for teaching. If Mr. A ever experienced bad days in life, he never showed it. Mr. A greeted us with that same smile every day. He encouraged each student, from the top achiever to the “T can’t” student.I found myself looking forward to math class, although I still hated the subject itself. Being in Mr. A’s presence made me feel good, as if I had the chance to succeed. As the year progressed, I spent increasingly more time on my homework, and I met with Mr. A weekly. My classmates began to do the same, and it became “cool” to have lunch and talk with Mr. A．W e didn’t know it at the time, but he was changing our attitudes.Though my story is not one of overnight successes and I didn’t bee a straightA math student, my hard work did begin to pay off and my grades slowly began to climb. There were hard times, of course. Difficult math questions sometimes succeeded in bringing me down, but Mr. A kept reminding me, “Kate, smile! It’s agreat day to be alive!”20．What does the underlined word “loathed” in paragraph 1 probably mean?A．Hated. B．Loved. C．Researched. D．Understood.21．What do we know about Mr. A?A．He loved math and his job. B．He liked showing his sufferings.C．He was very strict with the students. D．He preferred to encourage the top students.22．How did the author like her talk over lunch with Mr. A?A．It was boring. B．It was awkward. C．It was challenging. D．It was meaningful.23．What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?A．Kate made progress in math study. B．Kate gradually fell in love with math.C．Kate was still afraid of math problems. D．Kate became a top student in math class.（2324高一上·山西朔州·阶段练习）I waved goodbye to my senior high school life just six months ago and now I am a college freshman. However, all the details of my senior high school life are still fresh in my memory.My senior high school is called Yantai No. 1 Middle School of Shandong with a long history , which can date back to 1931. When I recall my memorable senior high school life, I feel happy and impressed.To be honest, my senior high school life was tiring but I really enjoyed it. I focused myself on studies and studied hard to realize my dream. At that time, I got up at 5: 30 a. m. and went to bed late in order to have more time to review what I had learned in the day. In addition to study, I also took part in some activities such as English speech contests and calligraphy (书法) petitions.Our class was like a big family. I got along well with my classmates. We always discussed topics of all kinds after class. I made many friends in the family and we still keep in touch with each other after we graduated. Luckily, my teachers were also very enthusiastic and friendly. We were seen as their children. They not only taught us knowledge but told us how to study better.What's more, my dormitory life is also worth mentioning. Living far away from my home, I was quite independent by the end of the first semester at senior high. My roommates and I worked as a team to do the cleaning every day. We had a good time living as a family together, and my social skills were gradually improved.This is my senior high school life, busy but fulfilling. I will never forget it.24．It seemed that the author’s senior high school life was anything but________.A．Memorable B．impressive C．tiring D．terrible25．What can we infer from the third paragraph?A．The author was unhappy about his high school life.B．The author was a hardworking student when at high school.C．The author had no time for hobbies other than study.D．The author won a lot of prizes in petitions during high school.26．What can we know about the author’s dormitory life?A．The author couldn’t do things on his own.B．The author’s roommates were all enthusiasticC．The author had trouble getting along with others.D．The author had a better understanding of teamwork.27．Where is this passage probably from?A．A guidebook. B．An advertisement.C．A fashion magazine. D．A college position website.（2324高一上·安徽·阶段练习）The rise of digital technology has pletely transformed the way students live their lives. From the way they socialize to the way they learn, digital technology has bee a necessary part of campus life. Then how has digital technology transformed students’ campus life?On the one hand, the use of social media has made it easier for students to keep in touch with their peers off campus. Platforms like Facebook, Instagram, and WeChat have bee popular among students, allowing them to share their daily lives, engage in online conversations, and form virtual munities. Meanwhile, Digital technology has also changed the way students municate with their instructors. With email and online chat platforms, students can easily contact their teachers for clarification on assignments, grades, and course content. This has improved munication between students and faculty, leading to a better learning experience.On the other hand, digital technology has also revolutionized the way students learn. With online courses and virtual classrooms, students can access a variety of courses from the fort of their own homes. This has opened up opportunities for students to pursue their passions and interests outside of their majors. Actually, it has made it easier to promote and participate in multiple campus events. Students can easily create online campaigns to promote events, organize events using online calendars, and even stream events live over the Internet. This has made it possible for more students to get involved and participate in various campus events.Another benefit which is often ignored is its positive impact on their mental health. With online resources, such as anxiety apps and depression support groups, students can deal with stress and anxiety. They can seek help when in need, as online counseling services are available 24/7.Digital technology has transformed campus life in numerous ways. While digital technology has brought many benefits, it has also raised concerns about its negative impact on student lives.28．What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text?A．Types of campus life. B．Change of social life.C．Ways of students’ learning.D．Popularity of digital technology.29．What can students do when they use social media according to paragraph 2?A．Build different platforms. B．Contact classmates in class.C．Interact with teachers online. D．Form mon munities.30．Why can digital technology promote campus events?A．To stress the importance of campus events.B．To improve ways students organize events.C．To light the passions and confidence of students.D．To encourage more contact with school teachers.31．What will be possibly discussed in the paragraph that follows?A．The potential risks of digital technology.B．The reasons for the development of digital tools.C．How campuses promote diverse digital practices.D．How we can avoid being addicted to digital technology.（2324高一上·安徽·阶段练习）Phones, tablets and smart watches will be mostly banned (禁止) from classrooms in the Netherlands from Jan 1, 2024, Sky News reported.The move is meant to limit distractions from social media, messaging and other sites. Devices will only be allowed if they are needed for the lesson, for medical reasons, or for people with disabilities.“Scientific research showed that mobile phones are a disturbance (打扰). We need to protect students against this,” said Robbert Dijkgraaf, Minister of Education, Culture and Science of the Netherlands. “Students need to be able to concentrate and need to be given the opportunity to study well.” Dijkgraaf noted that schools could manage the implementation of the ban themselves. However, he added that laws would follow if the results are not good enough.The United Nations also warned of the risks of smartphones in schools, the BBC reported.The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) said that too much mobile phone use was linked to reduced educational performance. And high levels of screen time have a bad effect on children’s mind, noted The Guardian.UNESCO said its call for a smartphone ban sent a clear message that all digital technology including artificial intelligence should always be less important than a humancentered vision of education and can never replace facetoface interaction with teachers. Based on its analysis of 200 education systems around the world, UNESCO estimate one in four countries and regions had laws or policies banning phones in schools. Besides theNetherlands, France introduced its policy in 2018, and Finland had a similar decision in June. In 2021, the Ministry of Education in China banned mobile phones, tablets, and other digital devices in the classroom, Xinhua reported.According to the policy, if such devices are brought to school, then they should be stored together in the same place. Meanwhile, the use of the devices for teaching purposes should not be over 30 percent of the total teaching time.“Our school has strict rules to ban phones in class. Students who break the rules may lose their mer it student qualification or admissions eligibility (保送) for college,” Dai Ting, a 17yearold student from Chengdu, told Teens.32．Which of the following is true according to the text?A．Only disabled students are allowed to use smartphones in classrooms.B．Personal munication with teachers is preferred.C．30% of the teachers use digital devices in class.D．Any digital devices found in classrooms will be destroyed.33．Which the closest in meaning to the underlined word in paragraph 3?A．Carrying out. B．Bringing out. C．Making out. D．Putting out.34．What’s the students’ attitude towards the ban?A．Supportive. B．Objective. C．Negative. D．Not mentioned.35．What is the best title for this text?A．Digital products totally banned in NetherlandsB．A ban on digital products in Netherlands schoolsC．Digital products is a distraction in Netherlands schoolsD．Digital products’ wide use in Netherlands schools参考答案：1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。

托福阅读真题第179篇How_Soils_Formed（答案文章最后）

托福阅读真题第179篇How_Soils_Formed（答案文章最后）How Soils FormedParagraph 1：Soil formation is a dynamic process that takes place in different environments. It is strongly influenced by the parent material, climate (largely vegetation and temperature and water exchanges), topography (the elevations, depressions, directions and angles of slopes, and other surface features of the landscape), and time.Paragraph 2：The parent material is the unconsolidated mass on which soil formation takes place. This material may or may not be derived from the on-site geological substrate or bedrock on which it rests. Parent materials can be transported by wind, water, glaciers, and gravity and deposited on top of bedrock. Because of the diversity of materials involved, soils derived from transported parent materials are commonly more fertile than soils from parent materials derived in place. Whatever the parent material, whether derived in place from bedrock or from transported material, it ultimately comes from geological materials, such as igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks, and the composition of the rocks largely determines the chemical composition of the soil.1. According to paragraph 2, which of the following is true about parent material found at a given site?O It was most likely deposited there by glaciers rather than by wind and water.O It is formed and consolidated entirely from the bedrock on which it rests.O It can vary in its richness and fertility according to where itoriginated.O The speed with which it is transported determines its location.2. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.O Transported parent materials, parent materials derived in place from bedrock, and various kinds of rocks all contribute to the composition of a soil.O The chemical composition of a soil is ultimately determined by the geological materials from which it forms, regardless of where or how the parent material originates.O The parent material from which a soil is formed ultimately comes from igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks.O The composition of the geological materials from which the parent material was originally derived can be determined by studying the chemical composition of the soil.Paragraph 3：Climate is most influential in determining the nature and intensity of weathering and the type of vegetation that further affects soil formation. The soil material experiences daily and seasonal variations in heating and cooling. Open surfaces exposed to thermal radiation undergo the greatest daily fluctuations in heating and cooling, soils covered with vegetation the least. Hill slopes facing the sun absorb more heat than those facing away from the sun. Radiant energy has a pronounced effect on the moisture regime, especially the evaporative process and dryness. Temperature can stimulate or inhibit biogeochemical reactions in soil material.Paragraph 4：Water is involved in all biogeochemicalreactions in the soil because it is the carrier of the acids that influence the weathering process. Water enters the soil material as a liquid and leaves it as a liquid by percolation (the slow movement of water through the soil’s pores) and as a gas through evaporation. The water regime—the water flow over a given time—in soil material is sporadic, and in many parts of the Earth is highly seasonal. Water that enters the soil during heavy rainfall and snowmelt moves down through the soil. As it moves, it leaves behind suspended material and may carry away mineral matter in solution, a process called leaching. On sloping land, water distributes material laterally (sideways) through the soil.3. According to paragraph 4, water passing through the soil can affect the soil’s composition in which of the following ways?O By stopping certain chemical reactions from taking place in the soilO By carrying away mineralsO By reducing the acidity of the soilO By preventing leaching of mineralsParagraph 5：T opography is a major factor in soil development. More water runs off and less enters the soil on steep slopes than on relatively level land. Water draining from slopes enters the soil on low and flat land. Thus soils and soil material tend to be dry on slopes and moist on the low land. Steep slopes are subject to surface erosion and soil creep—the downslope movement of soil material, which accumulates on lower slopes and lowlands.4. According to paragraph 5, why does soil material tend to be drier on steep slopes than on flatter land?O Steep slopes are less likely to experience soil creep.O Soil material on steep slopes tends to be thicker.O Water that falls on steep slopes tends to erode the soil there and deposit it on level ground.O More water runs off steep slopes before it can enter the soil.Paragraph 6：Vegetation, animals, bacteria, and fungi all contribute to the formation of soil. Vegetation, in particular, is responsible for organic material in the soil and influences its nutrient content. For example, forests store most of their organic matter on the surface, whereas in grasslands most of the organic matter added to the soil comes from the deep fibrous root systems. Organic acids produced by vegetation accelerate the weathering process.5. Paragraph 6 supports which of the following ideas about organic material soil?O Most of the organic material in soil comes from fibrous root systems.O How organic material is distributed in soil depends on the type of vegetation the soil supports.O The organic materials in soil prevent acids from forming during the weathering process.O Animals, bacteria, and fungi consume much of the nutrient content in soil.Paragraph 7：The weathering of rock material and the accumulation, decomposition, and mineralization or organic material require considerable time. Well-developed soils in equilibrium with weathering, erosion, and biotic influences may require 2,000 to 20,000 years for their formation, but soil differentiation from parent material may take place in as short a time as 30 years. Certain acid soils in humid regions develop in2,000 years because the leaching process is speeded by acidic materials. Parent materials heavy in texture require a much longer time to develop into soils because of an impeded downward flow of water. Soils develop more slowly in dry regions than in humid ones. Soils on steep slopes often remain poorly developed regardless of geological age because rapid erosion removes soil nearly as fast as it is formed. Floodplain soils age little through time because of the continuous accumulation of new materials. Such soils are not deeply weathered and are more fertile than geologically old soils because they have not been exposed to the leaching process as long. The latter soils tend to be infertile because of long-time leaching of nutrients without replacement from fresh material.6. According to paragraph 7, soil on steep slopes tends to remain poorly developed becauseO soil on steep slopes tends to be very acidicO soil that forms on steep slopes tends to be heavy in textureO so much of the soil that forms on steep slopes becomes eroded quicklyO soil differentiates very quickly from parent materials7. According to paragraph 7, why does floodplain soil tend to be especially fertile?O Because floodplain soil tends to be deeply weatheredO Because floodplain soil is not continually replaced by the addition of new materialO Because floodplain soil has not had many nutrients removedO Because most floodplains are in geologically new regions8. The purpose of paragraph 7 in the passage is toO provide evidence that soils in equilibrium maintain nutrients for longer periods of time than other soils O explain why geologically younger soils are more fertile than older soils, regardless of where they are found O explain how long it takes for soils to develop and what elements affect their fertilityO summarize the various stages of soil formation discussed earlier in the passageParagraph 5：T opography is a major factor in soil development. ■More water runs off and less enters the soil on steep slopes than on relatively le vel land. ■Water draining from slopes enters the soil on low and flat land. ■Thus soils and soil material tend to be dry on slopes and moist on wet on the low land. ■Steep slopes are subject to surface erosion and soil creep—the downslope movement of soil material, which accumulates on lower slopes and lowlands.9. Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence can be added to the passage.Its role is demonstrated by the contrast between what happens on steep slopes and what happens on the lower-lying land at the bottom of those slopes.Where would the sentence best fit?10. Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some answer choices do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points. Drag your choices to the spaces where they belong. To review the passage, click on View Text.There are a variety of elements that influence soil development.Answer ChoicesO By analyzing the chemical composition of developed soil, it is possible to determine the location of the geological substrate from which the parent material was originally derived.O Both topography and the types of organisms present in the soil as it develops determine its nutrient level.O The length of time that is takes to develop high-quality soil is determined by humidity levels, the makeup of parent materials, and patterns of water flow and erosion.O The weathering process is strongly influenced by temperature and its variation, the nature of the water flow, and by the acids carried in the water.O Where soil material is regularly subject to rapid and extreme variations in temperature and water content, certain biogeochemical reactions necessary for soil formation cannot take place.O Because high humidity speeds up both leaching processes and erosion, soils in humid regions take much longer to reach equilibrium than soils in dry regions, and are seldom as fertile.。

2014职称英语(理工类)阅读理解小抄_共50篇

（一）Ford abandons electric vehicles（福特放弃电动汽车）1.What have the Ford motor company, General Motor's and Honda done concerning electric cars?C They have given up producing electric cars.2. According to Tim Holmes of Ford Europe, battery-powered carsB will not be the main transportation vehicles in the future.3.Which' auto `manufacturers are still producing electric vehicles?A Toyota and Nissan.4.According to the eighth paragraph, hybrid carsC run more miles than petrol driven cars.5.Which of the following is true about the hope of car manufacturers according to the last paragraph?D The legislation will allow more low-emission to be produced.（二）World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier Than Some Predict（世界原油产量可能提前十年达到峰值）1. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “Sparked”Appearing in paragraph 2?”B stimulated2.The term “a bell shaped curve” appearing in paragraph 2 indicates that global oil production willD start to decline after global oil production peaks.3.Which of the following is NOT true of the Hubbert model?D It provides a very realistic and accurate oil production.4.What is the major achievement of the new study mentioned in the last paragraph?A It predicts global oil production will peak in 2014.5.Who develop the new version of the Hubbert model?B Kuwaiti scientists.（三）Citizen scientists（公民科学家）1. Ecologists turn to non-scientist citizens for help because they need themC to collect data of the life cycle of living things.2.What are citizen scientists asked to do?B To send their research observations to a professional database.3.In “All that's needed to become one ... (paragraph2)” , what does the word “one” stands forB a citizen scientist.4.What is NOT true of Project BudBurst?A Only experts can participate in it.5 .What is the final purpose of Project BudBurst?D To investigate how plants and animals will respond as the climate changes.（四）Motoring technology（汽车技术）1.What are researchers interested in doing as the road accidents worldwide increase to a shocking rate?C They focus their research on safety and new fuels.2.According to the second paragraph, most road accidents happenB because drivers make mistakes.3.Which of the safety developments is NOT mentioned in the passage?D Windscreens that can help drivers to improve their vision.4.What is NOT the purpose of innovations that use satellite tracking and remote communications?C To call for help when the car gets jammed in the traffic.5.What is true of robotic drivers?A It will take some time before robotic drivers can be put to practical use.（五）Late-night drinking（在深夜饮咖啡）1.The author mentions "pick-me-up" to indicate thatC coffee is a stimulant.2.Which of the following tells us how caffeine affects sleep?C Caffeine halves the body's levels of sleep hormone.3.What does paragraph 3 mainly discuss?A Different effects of caffeinated coffee and decaf on sleep.4.What does the experiment mentioned in paragraph 4 prove?D Caffeine drinkers produce less sleep hormone. 5.The author of this passage probably agrees thatB we should not drink coffee after supper.（六）Making Light of Sleep（不要太在意睡眠）1 .The clock located inside our brains is similar to our bedside alarm clock becauseB it has a cycle of 24 hours.2. What is implied in the second paragraph?C Children before puberty tend to fall asleep earlier at night than adolescents.3. In the third paragraph the author wants to tell the reader thatB staying up late has a bad effect on teenagers' ability to think and learn.4. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the fourth and fifth paragraphs?C Our internal clock as well as the alarm clock can be reset automatically.5. According to the last two paragraphs，what did the previous researchers think about the human eye's light-sensing system?B The human eye had one light-sensing system.（七）Sugar power for cell phones（用糖为手机发电）1. According to the first paragraph, when can we share our sweet drinks with our cell phones?C When the technology of a new type of fuel cell is suitable for mass production.2.What trouble did Minteer and Klotzbach have in their research?A They had trouble keeping enzymes in fuel cells active.3. According to Paragraph 5, electrons are releasedC when the enzyme oxidizes the glucose from a sugary liquid that goes through a pocket.4.What is exciting about the new fuel cells?B Their limited power generation capacity is a good beginning.5.According to the last paragraph, what is NOT true of the new fuel cells?D It will take some time before the new fuel cells can be used in popular products.（八）Eiffel is an eyeful（引人注目的埃菲尔铁塔）1. Why does the author think the Eiffel Tower is transformed into symbol' of a world on the move?B Tourists of all nationalities come- to, scribble on the cold iron of the tower.2.What seems strange to the author?A Visitors prefer wasting time scribbling to enjoying the view.3.Which statement is NOT true of Hugues Richard?C He climbed 747 steps up ,the tower in 19 minutes and 4 seconds4.What did the builder use the Eiffel Tower for?B Conducting research in various fields.5.Which of the following is neatest in meaning to " (The Eiffel Tower is like) a blank canvas for visitors to make of it what they will" ?C Visitors can imagine freely what the tower represents.（九）Egypt felled by famine（埃及饱受饥荒折磨）1.Why does the author mention "pyramid builders"?D Because even they were unable to rescue their civilisation.2.Which of the following factors was ultimately responsible for the fall of the civilisation of ancient Egypt?A Change of climate.3.Which of the following statements is true?D The White Nile and the Blue Nile are branches of the River Nile.4.According to Krom, Egypt's Old Kingdom fellA immediately after a period of drought.5.The word “devastating” in the last paragraph could be best replaced byB“damaging”.（十）Young female chimps outlearn their brothers（年轻雌猩猩学习优于她们的弟兄）1.Why do young female chimps learn faster than young male chimps at -fishing for termites?B Because young female chimps begin to study their mothers earlier.2.What are the tools with which chimps fish, for termites?B Vegetation.3.Which of the following is .true about chimps fishing for termites according to paragraph 6?C Females could get out more termites with every dip.4.How did the researchers explain the fact that boy chimps spent more time on playingD It will make them good fighters and hunters' in the future.5.According to the last paragraph, which of the following is NOT true?A Adult chimps hunt monkeys while young chimps fish for termites. （十一）The net cost of making a name for yourself（网上申请个人域名的费用）1.The domain name “. edu” is operated byB the company Network Solutions.2.The .firm, .shop, .web, .arts, .rec, .info and .nom domains are NOT run byB the US government.3.Global Names of Singapore isB a registrar.4.How can a company. successfully register a name with the Internet?A It must pay up to $10,000 or a nonrefundable deposit.5.What is the meaning of the phrase "net cost" in the title?B The registration fee for a domain name on the Internet.（十二）Florida hit by cold air mass（佛罗里达遭受冷气团袭击）1.Which of the following statements is not meant in the first two paragraphs?B The temperature in the United States except the South dropped below the freezing mark.2. According to the second paragraph, in which area( s) did.the temperature fall below zero?B Parts of interior South Florida.3.King's statement that "We brought shorts, T-shirt, and 1 had to go out and buy another coat.''shows thatA he was caught by the sudden cold.ernor Jeb issue the emergency order because heC wanted to encourage trucks to transport as much fruit to market as possible.5.Which statement is NOT true according to the last paragraph?D Florida Citrus Mutual sprayed trees with sprinklers for citrus growers..（十三）Invisibility ring（隐形环）1.Harry Potter is mentioned in the passage, because scientistsC try to invent a device similar in idea to the invisible cloak he uses.2.What is true of microwaves?B Their wavelengths are longer than those of visible light.3.What is NOT true of the invisibility device?B Microwaves bounce off it when' they, strike it.''4.What does the word "coaster" mean in the passage?A disk or plate placed under a drinking glass to protect a table top.5.Harry Potter's invisibility cloak doesn't have any real competition yet, becauseC the cloaking device works only for, microwaves.（十四）Japanese car keeps match for drunk drivers（日本用来监视醉酒司机的新型概念车）1.Which of the following statements is NOT true of the Japanese concepts car?C It has sensors locked up in the ignition system.2.What has V olvo developed?B A breathalyzer attached to a car's seat belt.3.What is the. function of .the. camera. mentioned in Paragraph 4?A It monitors the driver's eyes-to see ,if he needs a rest.4.According to Doi, D Nissan aims to improve the detection technology to reduce the fatality rate.5.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 6?B The car will automatically keep to its lane.（十五）Winged robot learns to fly（肋生双翅机器人学飞行）1.Which of the following is NOT true of what is mentioned about the winged robot in the second paragraph?C The two professors of CUT programmed the data on' how the robot flapped its wings.2.How did the robot behave at the beginning of the test?B It twitched but gradually gained height.3.Which of the following is nearest to Peter, Bentley’s view on the winged robot?A The winged robot- could never really fly4.What measured how much lift the robot produced?B A movement detector.5.What does “the process” appearing in the last paragraph refer to?D All the above.（十六）Japanese drilling into core of earth（日本人的地心旅行）1.According to the passage, Mount UnzenB erupted in 1991.2.According to the passage, the study of the Mount Unzen volcano may benefit Japan in all the following aspects EXCEPTD predicting volcano eruptions.3.Why is- this research project so important to Japan?A Because Japan has many living volcanos.4.The drilling site on Mount Unzen isC about half way up the mountain.5.The title of this passage Japanese Drilling into Core of Earth actually means that' theyA drill a hole into the core of a volcano.（十七）A sunshade for the planet（地球防晒霜）1.According to the first two paragraphs, the author thinks thatC despite the difficulty, scientists have some options to prevent global warming.2.Scientists resist talking about their options because they don't want people toC think the problem has been solved.3.What does Stephen Schneider say about a heroin addict and methadone?A Methadone is an effective way to treat a hard heroin addict.4.What is Stephen Schneider's idea of preventing global warming?C To apply sunscreen to the Earth:5.What is NOT true of the effectiveness of "sunscreen" , according to the last paragraph?D It decreases greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.（十八）Thirst for oil（石油匮乏）1.”…will need to cure our addiction to oil.” Why does the author say so?D Oil supply is decreasing.2.Which of the following statements is NOT meant by the author, according to the second paragraph?C Coal is the most environmentally unfriendly fuel next-to oil.3.Which country is the biggest consumer of petroleum?A The United States4.What do 'experts say about: the earth's fuel reserves?B There will soon be an energy crisis.5.What is NOT, the result of consuming fossil fuels according to the' last paragraph?D The sea level will go up.（十九）Musical Robot Companion Enhanes Listener Experience （音乐机器人伴侣提升音乐欣赏体验）1.Which is not ture .. 3 paragrahs?B Shimi is the cereator of the musical companion2.What dose Shimi do if the user taps a beat?D It selects a perfectly-matched song and plays it in sync with that beat3.Whiche of the following about Shimi is true?D shimi can be crative and interactive.4.What does the author want to tell us?A The research center is developing a stronger and more versatile Shimi.5.Whitch of the following is Weinberg’s assertion?B human lives will be filled with more fun if Shimi is going to arrive in homes（二十）Explorer of the extreme deep（深海探索器）l .What is Alvin?C A submersible.2.Which of the following statements is NOT a fact about Alvin?A It can carry explorers as deep as 6,500 meters.3.“... a world that is still full of myst eries” refers toC the ocean4.In what aspects are the new HOV and Alvin similar?D Shape.5.In what aspects are he new HOV and Alvin different.D Both A and B.（二十一）Plant gas（植物，沼气的又一来源）1.What was scientists' 'understanding of methane?C It was produced in oxygen-free environments.2.To test whether plants are a source of methane, the scientists createdB an environment with the same concentration of oxygen as the Earth has.3.Which statement is true of the methane emissions of plants in the experiment?D The higher the temperature, the greater the amount of methane emissions.4.Which of the following about methane is Not mentioned in the passage?D Microbes in plants produce methane.5.What is the beneficial point of some microbes lconsuming,plant-produced methane?C Less methane reaches the atmosphere（二十二）Snowflakes（雪花）1.What does Professor Libbrecht believe to be true?A No two snowflakes' are exactly the same in shape.2.What do the simplest snow crystals look like?D They are six-sided.3.What are the factors that affect the shape and growth rate, of a snow crystal?A Humidity and temperature.4.It can be felt from the description in the 2nd paragraph that the authorA admires the beauty' of the snowflakes.5.Libbrecht is not' able toC create snowflakes that are exactly alike.（二十三）P owering a city? It’s a breeze（风力发电，轻而易举）1.What are the symbols of the Netherlands according to the first paragraph?B Wooden shoes and wooden windmills..2.Which statement best describes the urban turbine mentioned in the second paragraph?B It is a high-tech machine designed to generate energy for urban people.3.The smallest models of an urban turbineC can be' carried up to the rooftop without a crane.herlands leads in the urban turbine technology becauseD the' Netherlands is 'a small country with a large population.5.According to the last paragraph, what are the advantages of wind power technology?D Both A and C.（二十四）Underground coal fires—a looming catastrophe（地下煤着火—即将来临的灾难）l.According to the first paragraph, one of the warnings given by the scientists is thatC poisonous elements released by the underground fires can pollute water sources.2.According to the third paragraph, what will happen when the underground heat does not disappear?A Coal heats up on its own and catches ire and burns.3.What did Stracher analyze in his article published in the International Journal of Coal Ecology?D Coal fires can have an impact on the environment.4.Which of the following statements about Paul Van Dijk is NOT true?B He has detected and monitored underground fires in the Netherlands.5.According to the fifth paragraph, what is the suggested method to control underground fires?D Cutting off the oxygen supply.（二十五）Eat to live（为生存而食）1.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?D We have to begin dieting since childhood.2.Why does the author mention an elderly mouse in paragraph 2?B To illustrate the effect of meager food on mice3.What can be inferred about completely normally fed mice mentioned' in the passage?D They are more likely to suffer from inflammation4.According to the author, which of the following most interested the researchers?A The mice that started dieting in old age.5.According to the, last two paragraphs, Spindler believes thatC dieting is not a good method to give us health and long life.（二十六）Male and female pilots cause accidents differently（男女飞行员引起飞行事故的差异）1.What is the research at Johns Hopkins University about?B Gender difference in relation to types of aircraft crashes2.Which of the statements is NOT true according to the second paragraph?D Only mature pilots are studied to determine the gender differences in the reasons for aircraft crash.3.How did the researchers carry out their study?A They studied the findings of several previous research projects.4.What is the most common circumstance of crash with female pilots?B Loss of control on landing or takeoff and stalling.5.In the comparison of female and male pilotsD male pilots are found to make more errors in decision-making.（二十七）Driven to distraction（分散注意力驾驶）1.Which statement is true of the description in the first two paragraphs?C Coyne is not really driving so it is impossible for him to have hit the woman.2.What do researchers want to find out, according to the third and fourth paragraphs?D All of the above.3.What are the preliminary results given in the fifth paragraph?C In challenging driving situations, drivers do not have any additional mental energy to deal with something else.4.The sixth paragraph mainly state that the researchersD want to determine the best ways of giving navigational information system.5.What kind of directions do men and women prefer?B Men prefer more general directions and women prefer route directions.（二十八）Sleep lets brain file memories（睡眠促使记忆归档存储）1.Which of the following statements-is nearest in meaning to the sentence “To sleep. Perchance to file”?A Does brain arrange memories in useful order during sleep?2.What is the result' of the experiment with rats and mice carried 'out 'at Rutgers University?C Somatosensory neocortex and hippocampus work together in memoryconsolidation.3.What is the relation of memory to glucose tolerance, as is indicated bya research mentioned in paragraph 4?D The poorer the memory, the poorer glucose tolerance.4.In what way is memory related to hippocampus shrinkage?B The more hippocampus shrinks, the poorer one's memory.5.According to the last paragraph; what is the ultimate reason for going to the gym?D To control glucose levels.（二十九）Food fright（对食物的惊恐）1.Paragraphs 1,2 & 3 try to give the idea thatA GM foods may bring about great benefits to humans.2.Why is the case of the pollen-sprayed :milkweed cited in Paragraph 6?C It is cited to show GM foods also have a dark side3.What happens to those insects when not killed by the spray of insecticide?B They may have a higher ability to adapt to the environment.4.Which of the following statements concerning banning GM foods is true according to the pas-sage?D The United States has not banned GM foods.5.What is the writer's attitude to GM foods?A We cannot tell from the passage.（三十）Digital realm（数码王国）1.The techniques of voice recognitionB are in its initial stage of development.2.According to the second paragraph, when we reach the stage of artificial intelligenceA machines can be our agents as they understand our thoughts.3.What's the best description of Gordon Moore's law as mentioned in the third paragraph?A It motivates the development of the digital world.4.What can people do in a future scene as described in the fourth paragraph?D All of the above.5.Which of the following statements is true of a personalized market?C In a personalized market, products are tailored to each consumer. （三十一）Hurricane Katrina（卡特里娜飓风）1. What is the eye of a hurricane?C A calm central region of low pressure between 12 to 60 miles in diameter.2.Which of the following is NOT the “requirements” mentioned in the second paragraph?A The tropical waters are warm and calm.3.Which of the following is the best explanation of the word “drive” in the third paragraph?C To supply the motive force or power and cause to function.4.What does the warm air mentioned in the fourth paragraph produce when it is rising from the sea surface?B Low pressure5.What is NOT true of Hurricane Katrina according to the last paragraph?D The humanitarian crisis is as serious as that of the great depression （三十二）Mind-reading Machine（读心机）1. What is responsible for processing the information sent by your eyes?C Neurons in the brain.2.Which of the following statements is NOT meant by the writer?D fMRI helps scientists to discover how the brain develops intelligently.3.“Highlighting the areas of the brain at work” means _____.A “marking the parts of the brain that are processing information”4.What did the researchers experiment on?B Two volunteers.5.Which of the following can be the best replacement of the title?B Your Thoughts can be Scanned（三十三）Experts call for local and regional control of sites for radioactive waste（专家呼吁局部和区域控制放射性废物地点）1.Which of the following words can best substitute the word “withdrawal” in the first paragraph?B Canceling.2.According to Rodney Ewing and Frand von Hippel, where to locate nuclear facilitiesB should be approved by local people and states.3.What is NOT true about the 1987 decision by Congress concerning siting of nuclear waste disposal?D The decision by Congress was accepted by local communities.4.What does the author of the essay in the fourth paragraph want to say?C Efforts should be made to develop nuclear disposal sites to suit the circumstances of the region.5.What is meant by “regional approach” as mentioned in the last paragraph?A Waste disposal sites are located close to reactors and in places suitable for the regional circumstances.（三十五）Putting plants to work（植物效能）1. What does the writer say about plants concerning solar energy?C Plants have been using solar energy for billions of years.2.Why do some scientists study how plants convert sunlight carbon dioxide, and water into sugars and starches?B Because they want green plants to become a new source of energy.3.According to the fifth paragraph, under what conditions are algae able to use solar energy to make hydrogen?B When there is no oxygen in the air.4.Researchers have met with difficulties when trying to make algae produce hydrogen efficiently. 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She warns that many of the world’s fast-growing urban areas, especially in developing countries, will likely suffer from the impacts of changing climate. Her work also concludes that most cities are failing to (reduce) emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse (gases). These gases are known to affect atmosphere. “Climate changes a deeply local issue and poses profound threats to the growing cities of the world，” says Romero Lankao. “But too few cities are developing effective strategies to (protect)their residents. ”Cities are (major) sources of greenhouse gases. And urban populations are likely to be among those most severely affected by future climate change. Lanka’sfindings highlight ways in which city-residents are particularly vulnerable, and suggest policy interventions that could offer immediate and longer-term(benefits).The locations and dense construction patterns of cities often place their populations at greater risk for natural disasters. Potential (threats)associated with climate include storm surges and prolonged hot weather. Storm surges can flood coastal areas and prolonged hot weather can heat (heavily)paved cities more than surrounding areas. The impacts of such natural events can be more serious in an urban environment. For example, a prolonged heat wave can increase existing levels of air pollution, causing widespread health problems. Poorer neighborhoods that may (lack)basic facilities such as drinking water or a dependable network of roads, are especially vulnerable to natural disasters. Many residents in poorer countries live in substandard housing (without)access to reliable drinking water, roads and basic services.Local governments, (therefore), should take measures to protect their residents. “Unfortunately, they tend to move towards rhetoric (rather than)meaningful responses, ” Romero Lankao writes. “ They don’t impose construction standards that could reduce heating and air conditioning needs. They don’t emphasize mass transit and reduce (automobile)use. In fact, many local governments are taking a hands-off approach. ” Thus, she urges them to change their (idle)policies and to take strong steps to prevent the harmful effects of climate change on cities.②Free Statins With Fast Food Could Neutralize Heart RiskFast food outlets could provide statin drugs free of (charge)so that customers can reduce the heart disease dangers of fatty food, researchers at Imperial College London (suggest) in a new study.Statins reduce the (amount)of unhealthy “LDL” cholestero l in the blood. A wealth of trial data has proven them to be highly effective at lowering a person’s heart attack (risk) .In a paper published in the American Journal of Cardiology, Dr. Darrel Francis and colleagues calculate that the reduction in heart attack risk offered by a statin is (enough) to offset the increase in heart attack risk from (eating) a cheeseburger and drinking a milkshake.Dr. Francis, from the National Heart and Lung Institute at Imperial College London, who is the senior author of the study, said: “Statins don’t cut out all of the (unhealthy)effects of cheeseburgers and French fries. It’s better to avoid fatty food altogether. But we’ve worked out that in terms of your (possibility)of having a heart attack, taking a statin can reduce your risk to more or less the same (degree) as a fast food meal increases it. ”“It’s ironic that people are free to take as many unhealthy condiments in fast food outlets as they (like), but statins, which are beneficial to heart health, have to be prescribed. It makes sense to make risk-reducing statins available just as easily as the unhealthy condiments that are(provided) free of charge. It would cost less than 5 pence per (customer)—not much different to a sachet of sugar, ”Dr. Francis said.When people engage in risky behaviours like driving or smoking, they’re encouraged to take (measures)that lower their risk, like (wearing) a seatbelt or choosing cigarettes with filters. Taking a statin is a rational way of (lowering) some of the risks of eating a fatty meal.③Giant StructuresIt is an impossible (task) to select the most amazing wonders of the modern world since every year more wonderful constructions appear. Here are three giant structures which are (worthy)of our admiration although they may have been(surpassed) by some more recent wonders.The Petronas Twin TowersThe Petronas Towers were the (tallest)buildings in the world when they were completed in 1999. With a height of 452 metres, the tall twin towers, like two thin pencils, dominate the city of Kuala Lumpur. At the 41st floor, the towers are linked by a bridge, symbolizing a gateway to the city. The American architect Cesar Pelli (designed)the skyscrapers.Constructed of high-strength concrete, the building provides around l, 800 square metres of office space on every floor. And it has a shopping centre and a concert hall (at) the base. Other (features) of this impressive building include double-decker lifts, and glass and steel sunshades.The Millau BridgeThe Millau Bridge was opened in 2004 in the Tarn Valley, in southern France.At the time it was built, it was the world's(highest) bridge,reaching over 340m at the highest point. The bridge is described as one of the most amazingly beautiful bridges in the world. It was built to relieve Millau's congestion problems. The congestion was then(caused)by traffic passing from Paris to Barcelona in Spain. The bridge was built to (withstand)the most extreme seismic and climatic conditions. (Besides) , it is guaranteed for 120 years!The Itaipu DamThe Itaipu hydroelectric power plant is one of the largest constructions of its kind in the world. It consists of a series of dams across the River Parana, which forms a natural border betweenBrazil6 and Paraguay. Started in 1975 and taking 16 years to complete, the construction was carried(out) as a joint project between the two countries . The dam is well-known for both its electricity output and its size. In 1995 it produced 78% 0f Paraguay's and 25% 0f Brazil's (energy) needs. In its construction, the amount of iron and steel used was (equivalent) to over 300 Eiffel Towers. It is a truly amazing wonder of(engineering).红一类：all of the above, objective二类：May, might, can, could, likely, usually, relatively,important,some绿一类：none，only，indifferent二类：must，always，every，all，never。

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The passage says that when she was nineteen months old, she fell ill and became blind and deaf.3. Who was Helen's teacher?A. Mary.B. Elizabeth.C. Anne Sullivan.D. Jane.Answer: C. It is mentioned that they found a teacher named Anne Sullivan for her.4. What did Anne Sullivan use to teach Helen to read?A. Her eyes.B. Her ears.C. Her fingers.D. Her mouth.Answer: C. Anne Sullivan taught Helen to read by using her fingers to feel the letters.5. Was it easy for Anne Sullivan to teach Helen?A. Yes, it was.B. No, it wasn't.C. We don't know.D. Maybe.Answer: B. The passage says that it was a very difficult job because Helen couldn't see or hear.（二）Helen Keller once wrote that if she were given three days to see, she would do many things. On the first day, she would want to see the people who had made her life meaningful. She would look at her teacher AnneSullivan, her family members, and her friends. She would look at their faces carefully and remember their expressions.On the second day, she would like to see the sunrise and the sunset. She would also want to see the great works of art in museums. She thought that art was a wonderful way to express human feelings.On the third day, she would choose to see the city where she lived. She would walk around the streets, visit the shops, and watch the people going about their daily lives.6. What would Helen do on the first day if she had three days to see?A. See the sunrise.B. See the great works of art.C. See the people who had made her life meaningful.D. See the city where she lived.Answer: C. The passage clearly states that on the first day, she would want to see the people who had made her life meaningful.7. Who would Helen look at on the first day?A. Anne Sullivan, her family members, and her friends.B. Artists.C. Strangers.D. Doctors.Answer: A. It says she would look at her teacher Anne Sullivan, her family members, and her friends.8. What would Helen like to see on the second day?A. The people who had made her life meaningful.B. The sunrise, the sunset and the great works of art.C. The city where she lived.D. Her teacher again.Answer: B. According to the passage, on the second day, she would like to see the sunrise and the sunset and the great works of art in museums.9. Why did Helen want to see the great works of art?A. Because they were expensive.B. Because they were beautiful.C. Because art was a wonderful way to express human feelings.D. Because she liked painting.Answer: C. The passage mentions that she thought that art was a wonderful way to express human feelings.10. What would Helen do on the third day?A. See the sunrise.B. See the great works of art.C. See the city where she lived.D. See her family again.Answer: C. It is stated that on the third day, she would choose to see the city where she lived.（三）Helen Keller's story has inspired millions of people around the world. Her courage and determination in the face of great difficulties are truly remarkable.Despite being blind and deaf, she learned to read, write, and speak. She went to college and became a well - known writer and speaker. She wrote many books and articles to share her experiences and thoughts.11. What has Helen Keller's story inspired?A. Only Americans.B. Only the blind and deaf.C. Millions of people around the world.D. Only women.Answer: C. The passage says that Helen Keller's story has inspired millions of people around the world.12. What was remarkable about Helen?A. Her beauty.B. Her courage and determination in the face of great difficulties.C. Her wealth.D. Her family.Answer: B. It is mentioned that her courage and determination in the face of great difficulties are truly remarkable.13. What did Helen learn to do despite being blind and deaf?A. Read, write, and speak.B. Dance.C. Sing.D. Paint.Answer: A. The passage states that despite being blind and deaf, she learned to read, write, and speak.14. What did Helen become?A. A well - known singer.B. A well - known writer and speaker.C. A well - known dancer.D. A well - known painter.Answer: B. It says she went to college and became a well - known writer and speaker.15. Why did she write many books and articles?A. To make money.B. To show off.C. To share her experiences and thoughts.D. To become famous.Answer: C. The passage mentions that she wrote many books and articles to share her experiences and thoughts.（四）Helen Keller's life was full of challenges, but she never let them stop her. She used her intelligence and strong will to overcome the obstacles in her life.She believed that everyone should make the most of their abilities. She encouraged people to be brave and face difficulties bravely. Her positive attitude towards life has left a deep mark on the world.16. What was Helen Keller's life full of?A. Happiness.B. Challenges.C. Surprises.D. Joys.Answer: B. The passage says that Helen Keller's life was full of challenges.17. What did Helen use to overcome the obstacles in her life?A. Her beauty and wealth.B. Her intelligence and strong will.C. Her family's help.D. Her teacher's power.Answer: B. It is stated that she used her intelligence and strong will to overcome the obstacles in her life.18. What did Helen believe?A. Everyone should be lazy.B. Everyone should make the most of their abilities.C. Everyone should depend on others.D. Everyone should give up easily.Answer: B. The passage mentions that she believed that everyone should make the most of their abilities.19. What did Helen encourage people to do?A. Be cowardly.B. Be brave and face difficulties bravely.C. Ignore difficulties.D. Run away from difficulties.Answer: B. She encouraged people to be brave and face difficulties bravely.20. What has her positive attitude towards life left?A. A deep mark on the world.B. A bad influence.C. Nothing.D. A small mark.Answer: A. Her positive attitude towards life has left a deep mark on the world.。

2024届高考英语时文阅读与强化练习：专题08 《飞驰人生2》讲述不一样的人生(原卷版)

高考英语时文阅读专项专题08养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

【原文·外刊阅读】‘Pegasus 2’ movie cast share stories（文章来源：Global Times）Chinese movie Pegasus 2 casting director and actor Han Han, Shen Teng and Fan Chengcheng will hit screens on February 10, the first day of the upcoming Spring Festival as they shared their behind-the-scenes stories on a Monday's press conference.Han said that after completing Pegasus, he and his team began contemplating how the sequel's story should unfold. He noted that the sequel had to live up to the audience's love for the first installment. After exploring various story directions and attempting different script versions and outlines, a new story that met his standards was finally settled upon.The film narrates the humorous journey of driving instructor Zhang Chi (Shen) and aspiring new racer Li Xiaohai (Fan) as they embark on the last edition of the Bayinbrook Rally.The first film in the series also premiered on the first day of the Chinese New Year in 2019, ultimately grossing 1.726 billion yuan ($243 million), setting a record for Han's directorial career.Five years later, with the release of Pegasus 2, the director stated that both the film's story and visuals have allundergone a comprehensive upgrade.【原创·阅读理解】1.When is the movie "Pegasus 2" set to hit screens?A. February 10.B. Chinese New Year in 2019.C. Spring Festival.D. Five years later.2.What is the main focus of "Pegasus 2" according to the article?A. A romantic journey.B. The Bayinbrook Rally.C. Han Han's directorial career.D. Behind-the-scenes stories of the actors.3.What record did the first installment of "Pegasus" set for Han Han's directorial career?A. Most nominations at an awards ceremony.B. Highest box office gross.C. Longest running time.D. Best screenplay award.【原文·外刊阅读】Tourists across nation enjoy authentic Chinese flavor in Confucius’ birthplace（文章来源：Global Times）"The Master said: 'How happy we are to have friends from afar…'" at the Confucius Temple, students in traditional Chinese costume, or Hanfu, recited the Analects of Confucius in unison, creating a grand and majestic scene that showcases the enduring power of inheritance…with music, songs, and dances, the ancient traditions are passed down, which deeply impressed tourists who came to visit Qufu, East China's Shandong Province - the birthplace of prominent ancient philosopher Confucius, during this year's Spring Festival holidays (February10-17).Private cars with license plates from Beijing and Tianjin, Jilin and Jiangsu provinces, as well as other regionscould be seen everywhere on the road when the Global Times reporter arrived at the scenic area in Qufu on February 13 and 14, the fourth and fifth day of the Chinese New Year.The reporter found from the major online traveling platforms that during the Spring Festival, hotel prices in Qufu surged and most hotel rooms were "sold out." The owner of a hotel at the scenic spot told the Global Times that "In previous years, there were not as many tourists, but this year here is super crowded."All kinds of popular folk activities kicked off the authentic Chinese New Year.During the Spring Festival holidays this year, the tourist area of Temple and Cemetery of Confucius and the Kong Family Mansion in Qufu, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, launched a series of activities such as night tour of the ancient area, a light show on the palace wall, and night parade of Chinese dragon dances.At night, the reporter came to the wall of the ancient city of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) around the Confucius tourism area, where a large number of tourists gathered early, waiting for the opening of the light show. As the lights came on, a huge animation was projected onto the ancient city wall, and the stunning sound caused cheers from the audience, with many tourists holding up their mobile phones to record the unforgettable scenes.Also, at day time, 100 calligraphy masters gathered at the Kong Family Mansion to splash ink and write the Spring Festival Couplets (Chunlian). Whenever the Chinese New Year was celebrated, Kong Family, like every family, would post Chunlian and door gods to express the best wishes for the Chinese New Year.The reporter learnt from the staff member of the tourist site that people wearing Hanfu, reciting the Analects of Confucius or guessing lantern riddles had the opportunity to get free tickets to the site.Many students, dressed in Hanfu, came to the Confucius birthplace to pay their respects to this eternal role model and make a wish toward the sculpture of Confucius that their academic performance could be better in the new year. For them, it is a cultural base where they can learn about Chinese culture and experience Confucianism in depth.In Qufu, everyone who came here for the traditional festival can enjoy excellent traditional culture and intangible cultural heritage which are still the basic needs of the Spring Festival tourism market.In particular, Hanfu, during this year's Spring Festival holidays, can be seen almost everywhere. One of the iconic Hanfu - the horse-face skirt or Mamianqun - with both classical and modern simple beauty, led to a surge in traditional culture spending and interest.Caoxian county in Shandong Province is one of the production and sales bases of Hanfu in China, with sales of Hanfu exceeding 7 billion yuan ($972 million) a year. This year, sales of the Year of the Dragon clothing inCaoxian county, mainly Mamianqun, have exceeded 300 million yuan, according to the People's Daily on Sunday.According to the big data of multiple e-commerce platforms, since January this year, the search volume of Hanfu has skyrocketed, among which, the Mamianqun has become the hottest single product under the Hanfu category, and the sales of many hot single products have exceeded one million yuan.Apart from Qufu, in the historical and cultural districts of Xi'an, Luoyang, Hangzhou, Bengbu and other cities across China, tourists wearing Hanfu, take photos in the traditional carved and painted buildings, experience traditional folk customs and intangible cultural heritage, and taste the representative Chinese New Year dishes.Centered on the theme of a "Happy Chinese New Year," the governments at all levels and the industries have worked together to create traditional festive vibes. Guangxi, Hunan, Jiangsu and other provinces and regions set off fireworks at fixed points, which has attracted many tourists and residents to enjoy the authentic Chinese New Year flavor.Traditional and folk activities held during the Spring Festival are linked to the course of 5,000 years of civilization. No matter how far we advance in the process of Chinese-style modernization, we can remember China's beautiful nostalgia.【原创·阅读理解】1. During the Spring Festival holidays in Qufu, what activities did the tourist area of Temple and Cemetery of Confucius and the Kong Family Mansion organize?A. Fireworks display.B. Night parade of Chinese dragon dances.C. Traditional Chinese opera performances.D. Outdoor sports competitions.2. What cultural attire became popular during this year's Spring Festival holidays, particularly in Qufu?A. Cheongsam.B. Mamianqun (horse-face skirt).C. Hanbok.D. Kimono.3. How did tourists have the opportunity to get free tickets to the Temple and Cemetery of Confucius and the Kong Family Mansion?A. By participating in a night tour.B. By buying tickets online in advance.C. By wearing Hanfu or reciting the Analects of Confucius.D. By joining a calligraphy writing activity.4. Which city is mentioned as one of the historical and cultural districts where tourists wear Hanfu and experience traditional customs during the Spring Festival?A. Shanghai.B. Chengdu.C. Xi'an.D. Guangzhou.【拓展阅读】New hall at Yin Ruins Museum to display 4,000 Shang cultural relicsA new museum hall at the Yin Ruins, a World Heritage Site known as "the hometown of oracle bone inscriptions," is set to open in Anyang, Central China's Henan Province, on February 26. About 4,000 cultural relics will be displayed to showcase the long history of China's Shang Dynasty (c.1600BC-1046BC) culture, officials from the National Cultural Heritage Administration (NCHA) announced at a press conference on Monday.Gao Yong, mayor of Anyang, said at the press conference that more than three-quarters of the precious artifacts are on display for the first time and include bronzes, pottery, jade wares, and oracle bones.Focused on Shang Dynasty history and culture, the museum will showcase four major thematic exhibitions and one immersive digital exhibition.The exhibitions in the new hall are not only a systematic overview and powerful presentation of the research results of Yin Ruins archaeology and Shang civilization, but also a new starting point for the protection and utilization of the Yin Ruins in the new era, which is of great significance for linking the past and the future, according to Gao.Yin Ruins are home to the archaeological remnants of the ancient city of Yin, the last capital of the Shang Dynasty. It was added to the World Heritage List by UNESCO in 2006. The oracle bone inscriptions discovered within the ruins are the oldest known Chinese script.Yan Yalin, director of the archaeology department of the National Cultural Heritage Administration, said that the Yin Ruins, a spiritual symbol of the Chinese nation, are the first documented capital site of the late Shang Dynasty, as confirmed by archaeological excavations and oracle bone inscriptions. Hailed as the cradle of modern Chinese archaeology, the site has seen the highest frequency and longest duration for archaeological excavations among all the ancient capitals in China.In recent years, the NCHA has coordinated domestic archaeological efforts to advance research on the layout of the Yin Ruins, further clarifying the relationship between the site and its surrounding settlements, yielding fruitful results from interdisciplinary cooperation and technological archaeological research.Zhao Qingrong, deputy curator at the Yin Ruins Museum, told the Global Times on Monday that the construction of the new hall received strong support from many other museums in the world including the Freer Gallery of Art in the US, the Asian Art Museum of San Francisco, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Royal Ontario Museum in Canada, the British Museum, and the Sen-Oku Hakukokan Museum in Japan, all of which "generously provided relevant materials for the exhibition about the Yin Ruins cultural relics."Meanwhile, a lot of professors overseas provided excellent suggestions for the content and design of the exhibition.Keith Wilson, curator of Ancient Chinese Art at the Freer Gallery of Art in the US, said that the new hall will not only attract more attention but also stimulate more visitor interest in the Yin Ruins.According to the NCHA, booking for visits to the new hall will open at 8 am on February 22. Visitors can make reservations in advance through the official WeChat account of the Yin Ruins Museum and its official website.参考译文：殷墟博物馆新馆将展出4000件商文化遗迹在中华人民共和国河南省中部的安阳市，被誉为“卜辞之乡”的世界文化遗产地殷墟将于2月26日开设一座新的博物馆展厅。

职称英语理工考场用材料

阅读理解38. "Life Form Found" on Saturn's Titan土卫六上发现了生命迹象1 .What have scientists found about Saturn? They have found methane-based life on Titan.2. What do scientists say about Titan? There are life clues there.3. To date,scientists have not yet detected this form of life.(paragraph 5)What does"this form of life" refer to? Methane-based life.4. What can be inferred from what Allen said? Scientists have different arguments over whether there is life on Titan.5. Which of the following can replace the title of this passage? A different Life Form, a Possibility.2. World Crude Oil Production May Peak a Decade Earlier Than Some Predict世界原油产量可能提前十年达到峰值1）Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word "sparked" appearing in paragraph 2? stimulated2）The term "a bell shaped curve" appearing in paragraph 2 indicates that global oil production will start to decline after global oil production peaks.3）Which of the following is NOT true of the Hubbert model? It provides a very realistic and accurate oil production.4）What is the major achievement of the new study mentioned in the last paragraph? It predicts global oil production will peak in 2014..5）Who develop the new version of the Hubbert mode!? Kuwaiti scientists.6. Making Light of1 Sleep不要太在意睡眠1 .The clock located inside our brains is similar to our bedside alarm clock because it has a cycle of 24 hours.2. What is implied in the second paragraph? Children before puberty tend to fall asleep earlier at night than adolescents.3. In the third paragraph the author wants to tell the reader that staying up late has a bad effect on teenagers' ability to think and learn.4. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the fourth and fifth paragraphs? Our internal clock as well as the alarm clock can be reset automatically.5. According to the last two paragraphs，what did the previous researchers think about the human eye's light-sensing system? The human eye had one light-sensing system.41. Too Little for Global Warming全球变暖缺油1.What do the authors of the new analysis presented at the University of Uppsala intend to say? Oil and gas will run out so fast that Earth's doomsday will never materialize.2.Nations that signed the Kyoto Protocol agree to Cut CO2 emissions.3.What are the estimates of the world's oil and gas reserves? 3,500 billion by a growing number of scientists.4.Which of the following about Nebojsa Nakicenovic is true? He thinks that IPCC's estimates are more optimistic than the Swedes.5.Which of the following is the near explanation of Nakicenovic's assertion that "... such a switch would be disastrous ..."? A switch to burning coal would produce disastrous environmental problems.1. Ford Abandons Electric Vehicles礼物放弃电动汽车1).What have the Ford motor company, General Motor’s and Honda done concerning electric cars? They have given up producing electric cars.2).According to Tim Holmes of Ford Europe, battery-powered cars Will not be the main transportation vehicles in the future.3).Which auto manufacturers are still producing electric vehicles? Toyota and Nissan.4).According to the eighth paragraph, hybrid cars run more miles than petrol driven cars.5).Which of the following is true about the hope of car manufacturers according to the last paragraph? The legislation will allow more low-emission to produced.3. Citizen Scientists公民科学家1.Ecologists turn to non-scientist citizens for help because they need them to collect data of the life cycle of living things.2.What are citizen scientists asked to do? To send their research observations to a professional database.3.In "All that's needed to become one ... (paragraph2)", what does the word "one" stands for? a citizen scientist.4.What is NOT true of Project BudBurst? Only experts can participate in it.5.What is the final purpose of Project BudBurst? To investigate how plants and animals will respond as the climate changes.4. Motoring Technology汽车技术1.What are researchers interested in doing as the road accidents worldwide increase to a shocking rate? They focus their research on safety and new fuels.2.According to the second paragraph, most road accidents happen because drivers make mistakes.3.Which of the safety developments is NOT mentioned in the passage? Windscreens that can help drivers to improve their vision.4.What is NOT the purpose of innovations that use satellite tracking and remote communications? To call for help when the car gets jammed in the traffic.5.What is true of robotic drivers? It will take some time before robotic drivers can be put to practical use.5. Late-night Drinking在深夜饮咖啡1.The author mentions ―pick-me-up‖ to indicate that coffee is a stimulant.2.Which of the following tells us how caffeine affects sleep? Caffeine halves the body’s levels of sleep hormone.3.What does paragraph 3 mainly discuss? Different effects of caffeinated coffee and decaf on sleep.4.What does the experiment mentioned in paragraph 4 prove? Caffeine drinkers produce less sleep hormone.5.The author of this passage probably agrees that. we should not drink coffee after supper.7．Sugar Power for Cell Phones用糖为手机发电1.According to the first paragraph, when can we share our sweet drinks with our cell phones? When the technology of a new type of fuel cell is suitable for mass production.2.What trouble did Minteer and Klotz Bach have in their research? They had trouble keeping enzymes in fuel cells active.3.According to Paragraph 5, electrons are released When the enzyme oxidizes the glucose from a sugary liquid that goes through a pocket.4.What is exciting about the new fuel cells? Their limited power generation capacity is a good beginning.5.According to the last paragraph, what is NOT true of the new fuel cells? It will take some time before the new fuel cells can be used in popular products.8. Eiffel Is an Eyeful引人注目的埃菲尔铁塔1.Why does the author think the Eiffel Tower is transformed into symbol of a world of the move? Tourists of all nationalities come to scribble on the cold iron of the tower.2.What seems strange to the author? Visitors prefer wasting time scribbling to enjoying the view.3.Which statements is NOT true of Hugues Richard? He climbed 747 steps up the tower in 19 minutes and 4 seconds.4.What did the builder use the Eiffel Tower for? Conducting research in various fields.5.Which of the following is nearest in meaning to ―(The Eiffel Tower is like) a blank canvas for visitors to make of it what they will‖? Visitors can imagine freely what the tower represents.9. Egypt Felled by Famine埃及饱受饥荒折磨1)Why does the author mention ―pyramid builders‖? Because even they were unable to rescue their civilization.2)Which of the following factors was ultimately responsible for the fall of the civilization of ancient Egypt? Change of climate.3. Which of the following statements is true? The White Nile and the Blue Nile are branches of the River Nile.4.According to Krom, Egypt’s Old Kingdom fell immediately after a period of drought.5.The word ―devastating‖ in the last paragraph could be best replaced by damaging‖.10. Young Female Chimps Outlearn Their Brothers年轻雌猩猩学习优于她们的兄弟1.Why do young female chimps learn faster than young male chimps at fishing for termites? Because young female chimps begin to study their mothers earlier.2.What are the tools with which chimps fish for termites. Vegetation.3.Which of the following is true about chimps fishing for termites according to paragraph 6? Females could get out more termites with every dip.4.How did the researchers explain the fact that boychimps spent more time on playing? It will make them good fighters and hunters in the future.5.According to the last paragraph, which of the following is NOT true? Adult chimps hunt monkeys while young chimps fish for termites.11. When Our Eyes Serve Our Stomach我们的视觉服务于我们的胃口1.What does the new study mentioned in Paragraph 1 find? Hungry people are more sensitive to food-related words than stomach-full people.2.Why was there a delay on the day of the experiment? Because Radel wanted to create two groups of testees, hungry and non-hungry.3.What does the writer want to tell us? Human brains can really be at the disposal of our motives and needs.4.What did the results of the experiment indicate? 80 words flashed on the screen too fast for the participant to intentionally perceive.5.What can we infer from the passage?Humans can perceive what they need without involving high-level thinking processes.12. Florida Hit by Cold Air Mass佛罗里达遭受冷气团袭击1.Which of the following statements is not meant in the first two paragraphs? The temperature in the United States except the South droppedbelow the freezing mark.2.According to the second paragraph, in which area (s) did the temperature fall below zero? Parts of interior South Florida.3.King’s statement that ―We brought shorts, T-shirt, and I had to go out and buy another coat,‖ shows that He was caught by the sudden cold.ernor Jeb issue the emergency order because he Wanted to encourage trucks to transport as much fruit to market as possible.5.Which statement is NOT true according to the last paragraph? Florida Citrus Mutual sprayed trees with sprinklers for citrus growers.13．Invisibility Ring隐形环1.Harry Potter is mentioned in the passage, because scientists Try to invent a device similar in idea to the invisible cloak he uses.2.What is true of microwaves? Their wavelengths are longer than those of visible light.3.What is NOT true of the invisibility device? Microwaves bounce off it when they strike it.4.What does the word "coaster" mean in the passage? A disk or plate placed under a drinking glass to protect a table top.5.Harry Potter's invisibility cloak doesn't have any real competition yet, because The cloaking device works only for microwaves.14．Japanese Car Keeps Watch for Drunk Drivers日本用来监视醉酒司机的新型概念车1.Which of the following statements is NOT true of the Japanese concept car? It has sensors locked up in the ignition system.2.What has V olvo devel6pedq A breathalyzer attached to a car's seat belt.3.What is the function of the camera mentioned in Paragraph 4? It monitors the driver's eyes to see if he needs a rest.4.According to Doi, Nissan aims to improve the detection technology to reduce the fatality rate.5.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 6? The ear will automatically keep to its lane.15. Winged Robot Learns to Fly肋生双翅机器人学飞行1.Which of the following is NOT true of what is mentioned about the winged robot in the second paragraph? The two professors of CUT programmed the data on how the robot flapped its wings.2.How did the robot behave at the beginning of the test? It twitched but gradually gained height.3.Which of the following is nearest to Peter Bentley’s view on the winged robot? The winged robot could never really fly.4.What measured how much lift the robot produced? A movement detector.5.What does ―the process‖ appearing in the last paragraph refer to? All the above.16. Japanese Drilling into Core of Earth日本人的地心旅行1.According to the passage. Mount Unzen erupted in 1991.2.According to the passage, the study of the Mount Unzen volcano may benefit Japan in all the following aspects EXCEPT predicting volcano eruptions.3.Why is this research project so important to Japan? Because Japan has many living volcanoes.4.The drilling site on Mount Unzen is about half way up the mountain.5.The title of this passage Japanese Drilling into Core of Earth actually means that they drill a hole into the core of a volcano.17．A Sunshade for the Planet地球防晒霜1.According to the first two paragraphs, the author thinks that despite the difficulty, scientists have some options to prevent global warming.2.Scientists resist talking about their options because they don't want people to think the problem has been solved.3.What does Stephen Schneider say about a heroin addict and methadone? Methadone is an effective way to treat a hard heroin addict.4.What is Stephen Schneider's idea of preventing global warming? To apply sunscreen to the Earth.5.What is NOT true of the effectiveness of "sunscreen", according to the last paragraph? It decreases greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.18．Thirst for Oil石油匮乏1."... we will need to cure our addiction to oil. " Why does the author say so? Oil supply is decreasing.2.Which of the following statements is NOT meant by the author, according to the second paragraph? Coal is the most environmentally unfriendly fuel next to oil.3.Which country is the biggest consumer of petroleum? The United States.4.What do experts say about the earth's fuel reserves? There will soon be an energy crisis,5.What is NOT the result of consuming fossil fuels according to the last paragraph? The sea level will go up.19. Musical Robot Companion Enhances Listener Experience音乐机器人伴侣提升音乐欣赏体验1.Which of the following is NOT true according to the first three paragraphs? Shimi is the creator of the musical companion.2.What does Shimi do if the user taps a beat? It selects a perfectly-matched song and plays it in sync with that beat.3.Which of the following about Shimi is true? Shimi can be creative and interactive.4.What does the author want to tell us? The research center is developing a stronger and more versatile Shimi.5.Which of the following is Weinberg’s assertion?human lives will be filled with more fun if Shimi is going to arrive in homes.20．Explorer of the Extreme Deep深海探索器1.What is Alvin? A submersible.2.Which of the following statements is NOT a fact about Alvin? It can carry explorers as deep as 6,500 meters.3."... a world that is still full of mysteries" refers to The ocean.4.In what aspects are the new HOV and :Alvin similar'? Shape.5.In what aspects are the new HOV and Alvin different? Both A and B.21. Plant Gas 植物沼气的又一来源1.What was scientists' understanding of methane? It was produced in oxygen-free environments.2.To test whether plants are a source of methane, the scientists created An environment with the same concentration of oxygen as the Earth has.3.Which statement is true of the methane emissions of plants in the experiment! The higher the temperature, the greater the amount of methane emissions.4.which of the following about methane is Not mentioned in the passage? Microbes in plants produce methane.5.What is the beneficial point of some microbes consuming plant-produced methane? Less methane reaches the atmosphere.22. Snowflakes雪花1.What does Professor Libbrecht believe to be true? No two snowflakes are exactly the same in shape.2.What do the simplest snow crystals look like? They are six-sided.3.What are the factors that affect the shape and growth rate of a snow crystal? Humidity and temperature.4.It can be felt from the description in the 2nd paragraphthat the author Admires the beauty of the snowflakes.5.Libbrecht is not able to Create snowflakes that are exactly alike.23. Powering a City? It's a Breeze风力发电？轻而易举1.Wht are the symbols of Netherlands according to the first paragraph? Wooden shoes and wooden windmills.2.Which statement is best describes the urban turbine mentioned in the second paragraph? It is a high-tech machine designed to generate energy for urban people.3.The smallest models of an urban turbine can be carried up to the rooftop without a crane.herlands leads in the urban turbine technology because The Netherlands is a small country with a large population.5.According to the last paragraph, what are the advantages of wind power technology? It can be installed in one’s backyard.24. Underground Coal Fires -- a Looming Catastrophe 地下煤着火即将来临的灾难1.According to the first paragraph, one of the warnings given by the scientists is that poisonous elements released by the underground fires can pollute water sources.2.According to the third paragraph, what will happen when the underground heat does not disappear? Coal heats up on its own and catches fire and burns.3.What did Stracher analyze in his article published in the International Journal of Coal Ecology? Coal fires can have an impact on the environment.4.Which of the following statements about Paul V an Dijk is NOT true? He has detected and monitored underground fires in Netherlands.5.According to the fifth paragraph, what is the suggested method to control underground fires? Cutting off the oxygen supply.25. Eat to Live为生存而食1.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? We have to begin dieting from childhood.2.Why does the author mention an elderly mouse in paragraph 2? To illustrate the effect of meager food on mice.3.What can be inferred about completely normally fed mice mentioned in the passage? They are more likely to suffer from inflammation.4.According to the author, which of the following most interested the researchers? The mice that started dieting in old age.5.According to the last two paragraphs, Spindler believes that Dieting is not a go0d method to give us health and a long life.26．Male and Female Pilots Cause Accidents Differently男女飞行员引起飞行事故的差异1.What is the research at Johns Hopkins University about? Gender difference in relation to types of aircraft crashes.2.Which of the statements is NOT true according to the second paragraph? Only mature pilots are studied to determine the genderdifferences in the reasons for aircraft crash.3.How did the researchers carry out their study? They studied the findings of several previous research projects.4.What is the most common circumstance of crash with female pilots? Loss of control on landing or takeoff and stalling.5.In the comparison of female and male pilots. male pilots are found to make more errors in decision-making.27．Driven to Distraction分散注意力驾驶1.Which statement is true of the description in the first two paragraphs? Coyne is not really driving so it is impossible for him to have hit the woman.2.What do researchers want to find out, according to the third and fourth paragraphs? All of the above.3.What are the preliminary results given in the fifth paragraph? In challenging driving situations, drivers do not have any additional mental energy to deal with something else.4.The sixth paragraph mainly state that the researchers. Want to determine the best ways of giving navigational information system.5.What kind of directions do men and women prefer? Men prefer more general directions and women prefer route direction.28. Sleep Lets Brain File Memories催眠促使记忆归档存储1.Which of the following statements is nearest in meaning to the sentence ―To sleep. Perchance to file?‖? Does brain arrange memories in useful order during sleep?2.What is the result of the experiment with rats and mice carried out at Rutgers University? Somatosensory neocortex and hippocampus work together tin memory consolidation.3.What is the relation of memory to glucose tolerance, as is indicated by a research mentioned in paragraph 4? The poorer the memory, the poorer glucose tolerance.4.In what way is memory related to hippocampus shrinkage? The more hippocampus shrinks, the poorer one’s memory.5.According to the last paragraph, what is the ultimate reason for going to the gym? To control glucose levels.29. Food Fright对食物的惊恐1.Paragraphs 1, 2 & 3 tries to give the idea that GM foods may bring about great benefits to humans.2.Why is the case of the pollen-sprayed milkweed cited in Paragraph 6? It is cited to show GM foods also have a dark side.3.What happens to those insects when not killed by the spray of insecticide? They may have a higher ability to adapt to the environment.4.Which of the following statements concerning banning GM foods is true according to the passage? The United States has not banned GM foods.5.W hat is the writer’s attitude to GM foods? We cannot tell from the passage.30. Digital Realm数码王国1.The techniques of voice recognition are in is initial stage of development.2.According to the second paragraph, when we reach the stage of artificial intelligence, machines can be out agents as they understand our thoughts.3.What’s the best description of Gordon Moore’s law as mentioned in the third paragraph? It motivates the development of the digital world.4.What can people do in a future scene as described in the fourth paragraph? All of the above.5.Which of the following statements is true of a personalized market? In a personalized market, products are tailored to each consumer.31. Hurricane Katrina卡特里娜飓风1.What is the eye of a hurricane? A calm central region of low pressure between 12 to 60 miles in diameter.2.Which of the following is NOT the ―requirements‖ mentioned in the second paragraph? The tropical waters are warm and calm.3.Which of the following is the best explanation of the word ―drive‖ in the third paragraph? To supply the motive force or power and cause to function.4.What does the warm air mentioned in the fourth paragraph produce when it is rising from the sea surface? Low pressure.5.What is NOT true of Hurricane Katrina according to the last paragraph? The humanitarian crisis is as serious as that of the great depression.32. Mind-reading Machine读心机1.What is responsible for processing the information sent by your eyes? Neurons in the brain.2.Which of the following statements is NOT meant by the writer? fMRI helps scientists to discover how the brain develops intelligently.3."Highlighting the areas of the brain at work" means "marking the parts of the brain that are processing information"4.What did the researchers experiment on? Two volunteers.5.Which of the following can be the best replacement of the title? Your Thoughts Can Be Scanned.33. Experts Call for Local and Regional Control of Sites for Radioactive Waste专家呼吁局部和区域控制放射性废物地点1.Which of the following words can best substitute the word ―withdrawal" in the first paragraph? Canceling.2.According to Rodney Ewing and Frand von Hippel, where to locate nuclear facilities should be approved by local people and states.3.What is NOT true about the 1987 decision by Congress concerning siting of nuclear waste disposal? The decision by Congress was accepted by local communities.4.What does the author of the essay in the fourth paragraph want to say? Efforts should be made to develop nuclear disposal sites to suit the circumstances of the region.5.What is meant by "regional approach" as mentioned in the last paragraph? Waste disposal sites are located close toreactors and in places suitable for the regional circumstances.34．Batteries built by viruses病毒电池1）According to the first paragraph, people try to stay away from viruses because they are causes of various diseases.2）What is Belcher's team doing at present? It is making batteries with viruses.3）What expression below is opposite in meaning to the word "shrink" appearing in paragraph 5? Expand.4）Which of the following is true of Belcher's battery mentioned in paragraph 6? It is a metallic disk with viruses inside it.5）How tiny is one battery part? Its width is one tenth of a hair.35. Putting Plants to work植物效能1.What does the writer say about plants concerning solar energy? Plants have been using solar energy for billions of years.2.Why do some scientists study how plants convert sunlight carbon dioxide, and water into sugars and starches? Because they want green plants to become a new source of energy.3.According to the fifth paragraph, under what conditions are algae able to use solar energy to make hydrogen? When there is no oxygen in the air.4.Researchers have met with difficulties when trying to make algae produce hydrogen efficiently. Which one of the following is one such difficulty？It is too slow for algae to produce hydrogen when the sulfate is removed.5.What is NOT true of algae? They are cheap to eat.36. Listening Device Provides Landslide Early Warning 听觉仪器提供早期山崩预警1.What does "Such natural disasters" in the first paragraph refer to? Landslides.2.Which of the following statements is true of landslides? All of the above.3.Why do researchers develop a new device to monitor signs of landsides? Because the common methods .can cause false alarms.4.Which of the following statements is NOT true of the device, according to Paragraph 4? It is filled in with gravel.5.According to the context, what does the word "positives" in the fifth paragraph mean? Evidences.37. "Don't Drink Alone" Gets New Meaning不要在就餐时间以外饮酒有了新含义1.Researchers have found that the risk of cancer in the mouth and neck is higher with people Who drink alcohol outside of meals.2.Which of the following is NOT the conclusion made by the researchers about ―drinking with meals‖? It increases by 20 percent the possibility of cancer in all sites.3.Approximately how many drinks do the lowest-intake group average per day? 3 drinks.4.Which cancer risk is the lowest among all the four kinds of cancer mentioned in the passage? Laryngeal cancer.5. According to the last paragraph, tissue’s lower exposure to alcohol Reduces the risk of laryngeal cancer.39. Clone Farm克隆农场1.Which statement is the best description of the new era of factory farming according to the first paragraph? Cloned chickens are bulk-produced with the same growth rate, weight and taste.2.Which institution has offered $4.7 million to fund the research? The US’s National Institute of Science and Technology.3.In the third paragraph, by saying ―Producers would like the same meat quantity but to use reduced inputs to get there.‖ Mike Fitzgerald means that he wishes chickens could grow to the same weight but with less feed.4.Which of the following statements about Origen and Embrex is correct according to the fifth paragraph? Origen has joined hands with Embrex in producing cell-injecting machines.5.The technology of freezing stem cells from different strains of chicken can do all the following EXCEPT that farmers can order certain strains of chicken only.40. Teaching Math, Teaching Anxiety教数学，教焦虑1. What is the result of the research at the University of Chicago,according to the first paragraph? Female teachers' confidence in their math skills is related to girl's math skills.2. What is implied in the third paragraph? A difficult subject like math may affect teachers' confidence in teaching the subject.3. According to the experiment,those teachers were probably anxious about math when they felt uneasy reading the numbers of a sales receipt.4. The sixth paragraph tells us that the research findings prove a strong link between female teachers' math anxiety and their female students' math achievements.5. David Geary thinks that the research results need to be retested based on a larger sample.41. Too Little for Global Warming1. What do the authors of the new analysis presented at the University of Uppsala intend to say? Oil and gas will run out so fast that Earth's doomsday will never materialize2. Nations that signed the Kyoto Protocol agree to cut CO2 emissions.3. What are the estimates of the world's oil and gas reserves? 3,500 billion by a growing number of scientists.4. Which of the following about Nebojsa Nakicenovic is true? He thinks that IPCC's estimates are more optimistic than the Swedes.5. Which of the following is the near explanation of Nakicenovic's assertion that "... such a switch would be disastrous ..."? switch to burning coal would produce disastrous environmental problems.42. Renewable Energy Sources可再生能源1.What are the energy resources that are not renewable according to the article? A and B.2.China’s Three Gorges Dam is the largest of all the hydroelectric dams in the world.3.Which is the country with the first commercial power station that makes use of ocean currents produced by tides. Norway.4.Which of the following statements is true of wind power? All of the above.5.According to the article, resources such as wind are renewable so sustainable.43. Forecasting Methods天气预报的方法1.What factor is NOT mentioned in choosing a forecasting method? Imagination of the forecaster.2.Persistence method will work well If weather conditions do not change much.3.The limitation of the trends method is the same as the persistence method in that The weather features need to be constant for a long period of time.4.Which method may involve historical weather data? Both climatology method and analog method5.It will be impossible to make weather forecast using the analog method When the current weather scenario differs from the analog.44. Defending the Theory of Evolution Still Seems Needed捍卫进化论仍有必要1.According to the first paragraph, which of the following statements about the theory or evolution is true? School boards oppose AIBS’s effort to defend the theory of evolution.2.Which one of the following is NOT the reason for an overall lack of teaching Darwin’s theory? Darwin’s theory is denied as the central theory of biology.3.AIBS’s is composed of more than 80 societies and 250,000 members.4.According to Weis in the 5th paragraph, the theory of evolution is fundamental to the development of modern genetics, molecular biology and genomics.5.Why do people replace the term creationism with the term intelligent design nowadays? Because the term creationism is too direct.45. Small But Wise小而聪明1 .What is so special about WISE? Its digital camera can help astronomers to see the unknown space.2. Which is NOT the synonym for the word "snap" in the third paragraph? make.3. The camera on WISE catches the infrared radiation while the ordinary camera does not.4. Which of the following is NOT correct about"asteroids" according to paragraph 7? Asteroids float through space giving off visible light.5.What is implied in the last paragraph? Brown dwarfs give off infrared radiation.46. Ants Have Big Impact on Environment as "Ecosystem Engineers"蚂蚁作为生态系统工程师对环境影响巨大1 .Why are ants compared to ecosystem engineers?。

高三英语阅读理解(人生百味)及其解题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析

高三英语阅读理解(人生百味)及其解题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解人生百味类1．阅读理解Two of the saddest words in the English language are "if only". I live my life with the goal of never having to say those words, because they convey regret, lost opportunities, mistakes, and disappointment.My father is famous in our family for saying, "Take the extra minute to do it right." I always try to live by the "extra minute" rule. When my children were young and likely to cause accidents, I always thought about what I could do to avoid an "if only" moment, whether it was something minor like moving a cup full of hot coffee away from the edge of a counter, or something that required a little more work such as taping padding (衬垫) onto the sharp corners of a glass coffee table.I don't only avoid those "if only" moments when it comes to safety. It's equally important to avoid "if only" in our personal relationships. We all know people who lost a loved one and regretted that they had foregone an opportunity to say "I love you" or "I forgive you." When my father announced he was going to the eye doctor across from my office on Good Friday, I told him that it was a holiday for my company and I wouldn't be here. But then I thought about the fact that he's 84 years old and I realized that I shouldn't give up an opportunity to see him. I called him and told him I had decided to go to work on my day off after all.I know there will still be occasions when I have to say "if only" about something, but my life is definitely better because of my policy of doing everything possible to avoid that eventuality. And even though it takes an extra minute to do something right, or it occasionally takes an hour or two in my busy schedule to make a personal connection, I know that I'm doing the right thing. I'm buying myself peace of mind and that's the best kind of insurance for my emotional well-being.（1）Which of the following is an example of the "extra minute" rule?A.Start the car the moment everyone is seated.B.Leave the room for a minute with the iron working.C.Wait for an extra minute so that the steak tastes better.D.Move an object out of the way before it trips someone.（2）The author decided to go to her office on Good Friday to ______.A.keep her appointment with the eye doctorB.meet her father who was already an old manC.join in the holiday celebration of the companyD.finish her work before the deadline approached（3）The underlined word "foregone" in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ______.A.abandonedckedC.avoidedD.taken（4）What is the best title for the passage?A.To Keep Emotional Well-beingB.To Prevent "If Only" MomentsC.To Follow the Most Useful RuleD.To Achieve the Peace of Mind【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者认为英语中最悲伤的两个词语是"if only"，因为他们表达了遗憾。

(13)Unit 3 Fit for life 高二英语牛津译林版寒假作业(含答案)

（13）Unit 3 Fit for life一、阅读理解1. Darek Fidyka, a 38-year-old Bulgarian, had been paralysed from the chest down for four years after a knife attack. Scientists from Britain and Poland took cells from his nose, transplanted them into his back and regrew his spinal cord (脊髓). Now he can walk and even drive a car. The doctors were delighted but said it was the first step on a long journey.The breakthrough came after 40 years of research by Professor Geoff Raisman, who found that cells had the possibility to repair damage to nasal(鼻子的) nerves, the only part of the nervous system that constantly regrows. "The idea was to take something from an area where the nervous system can repair itself, and put it into an area that doesn't repair itself," Professor Raisman said.Polish doctors injected the nasal cells into Mr Fidyka's spinal cord above and below the injury and used some nerves from his ankle to form a bridge across the damaged tissue. The nasal cells appeared to have caused the spinal nerves to repair themselves.Professor Raisman achieved this with rats in the late 1990s, but this is his greatest success. "I think the moment of discovery for me was when I first saw a rat that couldn't control its hand put its hand out to me in 1997. That was an exciting moment, because I realized then that my belief that the nervous system could be repaired was true."Doctors chose the easiest case for their first attempt — it might not work for others. But there is a real sense of hope that an idea once thought impossible has been realized.David Nicholls, who helped provide money for the breakthrough, said information about the breakthrough would be made available to researchers across the globe."What you've got to understand is that for three million paralysed people in the world today, the world looks like a totally brighter place than it did yesterday," he said.1.Why did Professor Geoff Raisman choose cells from the nose?A.The nervous system in the nose can repair itself.B.Cells in the nose can be easily transplanted.C.Cells in the nose reproduce rapidly.D.He just wanted to give it a try.2.Why did the operation work for Darek Fidyka?A.The nasal cells reproduced and spread quickly.B.The nerves from his ankle cured the injury.C.The nervous system in the spinal cord can repair itself.D.The nasal cells helped the spinal nerves to repair themselves.3.What made Professor Geoff Raisman believe the nervous system can be repaired?A.His study on animals.B.His operation on a paralysed patient.C.His sudden thoughts about cells.D.His unusual experience with a sick rat.4.What do David Nicholls' words suggest?A.The world is becoming better and brighter.B.Paralysed people have the hope of recovery.C.The report of the breakthrough will be published soon.D.Researchers across the globe will carry out the operation immediately.2. The gut-brain connection is mostly known for its role in controlling the amount of food we eat, with the gut signaling to the brain when we've had enough. But a new study published on June 5 in a journal suggests that the gut-brain connection may also play an important role in forming memories about where places and objects are located in our environment. The new study was done in rats, but the findings could translate to humans.The gut and the brain mainly communicate through the vagus(迷走神经) nerve. Because this gut-brain axis is typically engaged only when an animal is eating, the researchers thought that this function could serve animals in remembering where good food was in their environment. This could be important for the animals to remember where they were, so that they could find that food again. Researchers set up several tasks that challenged the rats to find and remember either locations or objects around them. In one experiment, for example, the researchers shone a bright light that would be annoying enough to lead a rat to search for an escape. With a complete vagus nerve, the rats were able to remember where the location was if they'd previously found it and gone there.But if the gut-brain connection was surgically altered, the rats had trouble remembering where an escape location was, even though they had previously been there, the researchers found. Similarly, when the scientists had the rats try to find objects that the animals had previouslylocated, they had difficulty if their vagus nerve was blocked from sending signals.When the researchers looked at the brains of the rats that had altered vagus nerves, they found that there was decreased activity in the hippocampus, an area of the brain involved with specific types of memory. That includes helping the animal figure out its own position and that of other rats and objects. Specifically, the rats had decreased numbers of several proteins in the hippocampus that are responsible for creating new neurons (神经元) and connections between neurons. These proteins therefore also play a role in forming memories.1.What does the new study published on June 5 find?A.The gut-brain connection communicates through vagus nerves.B.The gut-brain connection helps you remember whereyou had a good meal.C.The gut-brain connection helps you remember youreally had a good meal.D.The gut-brain connection translates to humans.2.Why is a bright light used?A.To force a rat to find a way out.B.To frighten a rat to eat less food.C.To scare a rat to forget the location.D.To help a rat remember the objects.3.Which of the following best explains "altered" underlined in paragraph 3?A.Connected.B.Changed.C.Located.D.Found.4.Which of the following are responsible for forming memories?A.Guts.B.Hippocampus.C.Vagus nerves.D.New neurons.3. Belly (腹部) fat has long been thought to be particularly bad for our heart, but now, a new study adds more evidence to the idea that it may also be bad for our brain.The study, from the United Kingdom, found that people who are obese and have a high waist-to-hip ratio had slightly lower brain volume, on average, compared with people who have a healthy weight. Specifically, belly fat is linked with lower volume of gray matter, the brain tissue that contains nerve cells."Our research looked at a large group of people and found obesity, specifically around the middle, may be linked with brain shrinkage," lead study author Mark Hamer, a professor at Loughborough University's School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences in Leicestershire, England, said in a statement. Lower brain volume, or brain shrinkage, has been linked with an increased risk of memory decline.The new findings, published on Jan. 9 in the journal Neurology, suggest that the combination of obesity (as measured by body mass index, or BMI) and a high waist-to-hip ratio may be a risk factor for brain shrinkage, the researchers said. However, the study found only an association between belly fat and lower brain volume, and cannot prove that carrying more fat around the waist actually causes brain shrinkage. It could be that people with lower volume of gray matter in certain brain areas are at a higher risk of obesity. Future studies are needed to tease out the reasons for the link.A limitation of the study is that people who agreed to take part in the study tended to be healthier than people who did not want to take part, so the results may not apply to the general population as a whole, the researchers noted.1.What does the waist-to-hip ratio refer to according to the text?A.A measure of belly fat.B.A brain tissue of nerve cells.C.A calculation of body weight.D.An evaluation of brain volume.2.What does the underlined word "shrinkage" in the third paragraph mean?A.Risk.B.Development.C.Decrease.D.Recovery.3.What can we conclude from the research?A.Good physical health is important for good brain health.B.Unhealthy people are active in taking part in the study.C.Obesity of the old is closer linked with brain shrinkage.D.Gray matter is the brain tissue that contains nerve cells.4.Where does this text probably come from?A.Science fiction.B.Children's literature.C.An advertisement.D.A science report.4. Jennifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor's degree.Mauer, of Edgar, Wisconsin, grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children. Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition(学费), because there was no extramoney set aside for a college education. After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling.Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own. She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing. She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids. Jennifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times.Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed (牺牲) to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. "Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers," she says. However, her children have learned an important lesson witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family — and that's pretty powerful.1.What did Jennifer do after high school?A.She helped her dad with his work.B.She ran the family farm on her own.C.She supported herself through college.D.She taught her sisters and brothers at home.2.Why did Jennifer choose the program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield?A.To take care of her kids easily.B.To learn from the best nurses.C.To save money for her parents.D.To find a well-paid job there.3.What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal?A.Her health.B.Her time with family.C.Her reputation.D.Her chance of promotion.4.What can we learn from Jennifer's story?A.Time is money.B.Love breaks down barriers.C.Hard work pays off.cation is the key to success.二、七选五5.Keeping Safe in Your House During a FireThough you may not think you'll ever fall victim to a house fire, it's better to be prepared toavoid panicking. To increase your chances of survival, just follow these steps.React as soon as you hear your smoke alarm go off. On hearing your smoke detector or alarm going off and seeing a fire, exit your home as safely as possible. ①________ Safely exit through doors. If you don't see smoke at the door, open it slowly and pass through it after making sure the door feels cool. If there is a fire preventing you from exiting the room, close the door.Protect yourself from smoke inhalation (吸入). Get low to the floor and crouch or crawl on your hands and knees to avoid the smoke. ②________ So be sure to cover your nose and mouth if you have to walk by or through a heavily smoke-filled room.③________That is, immediately stop what you're doing, drop flat to the ground, and roll around until you put the fire out.Prevent the smoke if you can't get out. ④________ Close your door and cover all vents(通风孔) and cracks around it with cloth or tape to keep the smoke out.Call for help from a second-story window. ⑤________ You can take a sheet or something else — white preferably — and hang it out the window to signify that you need help until the first responder gets there.A. If you can't escape your home, don't panic.B. Stop, drop, and roll if your clothes catch fire.C. You are probably a lot safer by closing doors.D. Escape from a second-story window if you can.E. Smoke inhalation causes people to become unconscious.F. Do not try to get your phone, valuables, or your other important possessions.G. If you are trapped in your second-story room, get to an area where people can find you.三、完形填空6. My most rewarding experience throughout the past two years was volunteering at the swimming competition of the Special Olympics where a disabled friend of my community took part. This had a special 1 for me because experiencing it helped improve my leadership skills, develop my character, and support my community.Firstly, my 2 skills developed when I independently directed each swimmer where to 3 at the platform and 4 each competitor when they needed to swim. I had to makesure that the swimmers were well 5 and ready to perform. This kept me on my feet at all times and 6 of each event's time and location. Secondly, my 7 was greatly influenced. When I saw the swimmers get their awards for winning each swimming event, I was deeply moved. Their 8 attitudes astonished me, whether they won or lost. This also enlarged my view, offering me the opportunity to 9 people I would normally not run into. Lastly, I was of 10 to my community by lending a hand to this organization. To be a part of it gave me a chance to improve our community and become 11 with the people living in this area.As Winston Churchill once said, "We make a living by what we get; we make a life by what we give." The importance of 12 should be stressed throughout our life. 13 , through many opportunities my community has offered I was privileged(幸运的) to be 14 in this exciting and important event in these competitors' lives. I hope to be a(n) 15 again at this event in years to come.1.A.purpose B.inspiration C.meaning D.rule2.A.learning B.acting C.exercise D.leadership3.A.turn up B.line up C.put up D.fill uprmed B.awarded C.disturbed pared5.A.positioned B.suffered C.shown D.predicted6.A.full B.ignorant C.aware D.sure7.A.technique B.imagination C.figure D.character8.A.various B.different C.changeable D.positivecate B.gather C.meet D.remember10.A.wisdom B.courage C.service D.encouragement11.A.crowded bined C.supplied D.familiar12.A.evaluating B.volunteering C.traveling D.admiring13.A.Strangely B.Ultimately C.Specially D.Fortunately14.A.involved mitted C.devoted D.caught15.A.trainer B.assistant C.judge D.announcer四、语法填空7. Cholera used to be one of ①__________(frightening) diseases. In the early 19th century, when ②__________outbreak of cholera hit Europe, millions of people died. But neither itscause nor its cure was understood. A British doctor, John Snow, wanted to solve the problem and he knew that cholera would not be controlled ③__________its cause was found. In general, there were two contradictory theories ④__________explained how cholera spread. The first suggested that bad air caused the disease. The second was that cholera was caused by an infection from ⑤__________(germ) in food or water. John Snow thought that the second theory was correct but he needed proof. So when another outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, he began to investigate. Later with all the evidence he ⑥__________ (gather), John Snow was able to announce that the pump water carried cholera germs. Therefore, he had the handle of the pump ⑦__________(remove) so that it couldn't be used. Through his intervention, the disease was stopped in its tracks.What's more, John Snow found that some companies sold water from the River Thames that⑧__________ (pollute) by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely⑨__________(get) cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water. Through John Snow's efforts, the ⑩__________ (threaten) of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease.五、写作8. 某英语报社开设了中学生习作专栏。

新视野大学英语第3版第4册Unit2课后习题答案

新视野大学英语第3版第4册Unit2课后习题答案新视野大学英语第3版第4册Unit2课后习题答案导语：《新视野大学英语》选材充分考虑新一代大学生的知识结构和思维特点，体现时代特色，注重趣味性、思辨性。

下面为同学们整理了新视野大学英语第3版第4册Unit2课后习题答案，第2版同样适用，供大家参考!新视野大学英语(第3版)第三册Unit 2答案【Section A】Charlie Chaplin《读写教程IV》: Ex. II, p. 371. He lived a poor and miserable life during his childhood.2. Possibly because he left Britain when he was young and never came back;most figures he created were not of a gentleman-like British style.3. His dress and behavior were not English.4. It was the first movie in which Chaplin used voice for the characters.5. Using his physical senses to invent his art as he went along without prepared script.6. We can find that from the characters he created, such as the flower girl and the French wife killer.7. She brought stable happiness to him and became the center of rest in his life.8. Comic《读写教程IV》: Ex. III, p. 371. coarse2. corresponded3. doubtful4. roused/sparked5. execute6. relief7. applause8. immense《读写教程IV》: Ex. IV, p. 381. for2. against3. up4. with5. up6. to7. down8. between《读写教程IV》: Ex. V, p. 381. temptation2. change3. urge4. policies5. pressures6. arrest7. demand8. attempts《读写教程IV》: Ex. VI, p. 391. artist2. terrorist3. novelist4. activists5. biologist6. idealist7. capitalists8. tourist《读写教程IV》: Ex. VII, p. 391. Terrorism2. industrialism3. ageism4. idealism5. criticism6. heroism7. racism8. Modernism《读写教程IV》: Ex. VIII, p. 401. If I had known that you were coming, I would have met you at theairport.2. If he had tried to leave the country, he would have been stopped at thefrontier.3. If we had found him earlier, we could have saved his life.4. If I had caught that plane, I would have been killed in the air crash.5. If he had been in better health, he could have written more books.《读写教程IV》: Ex. IX, p. 401. With so much going on at the office, it is a wonder to find that Mr.Lawrencehas much time left for anything else.2. It is a surprise to us to find that television enjoys its greatestcompetitive advantage on information.3. It is a possibility for us to expect that the students will getthe newfacts in the lecture confused with their existing knowledge.4. It is a fact to know that we have run out of water and food.5. It is a relief to learn that the driver controlled the car during thestormy weather.《读写教程IV》: Ex. X, p. 411. Other writers might have written stories about London. But only hecould have created the character David, who gave his creator permanent fame.2. China has provided more applause, more honor and, of course, moreprofit where this scientist is concerned than any other countries.3. He had an urge to execute this skill perfectly.4. This physical transformation, plus the skill with which he executed itagain and again, are surely the secrets of Chaplin’s great comedy.5. But that shock roused his imagination. Chaplin didn’t have his jokeswritten into a script in advance; he was the kind of comic who used his physicalsenses to invent his art as he went along.6. He also had a deep need to be loved—and a corresponding fear of beingbetrayed. The two were hard to combine and sometimes—as in his earlymarriages—the collision between them resulted in disaster.7. It’s doubtful whet her she can find her way into perfect acting, thoughshe never loses her faith in her own ability.8. It was a relief to know that he finally finished the book before hisdeath, which was regarded as a fitting memorial to his life as a writer.《读写教程IV》: Ex. XI, p. 411. 但只有查理?卓别林才能塑造出了不起的喜剧角色“流浪者”，这个使其创作者声名永驻的衣衫褴褛的小人物。

高三英语阅读理解(人生百味)试题(有答案和解析)

高三英语阅读理解(人生百味)试题(有答案和解析)一、高中英语阅读理解人生百味类1．阅读理解Butterfly Garden (Permanent Exhibit)Walk among the free-flying residents of this warm conservatory. It is a wonderful opportunity to get close to a variety of living butterflies from New England and across the globe. The "Emergence Box" offers a window into the butterfly behavior. Look inside to see hanging chrysalids (蝶蛹) transform into adult butterflies. Tickets are required and visitors should reserve at least two weeks in advance.A Bird's World (Permanent Exhibit)This exhibit features the Museum's extraordinary collection of birds, displaying over 300 species found in New England. Here, you can learn to interpret the bird language taking place just outside your window at home.Test your observation skills and see if you can get past different birds without them alerting (发信号) other animals to your presence Learn to identify birds from a distance by recognizing unique flight patterns. Practice your flying technique in the Bird Walk.Hall of Human Life (Permanent Exhibit)Should you have your baby's DNA sequenced? What keeps you awake? Step inside the Hall of Human Life, the Museum's new biology exhibition, and encounter such far-reaching questions on an amazing journey inside the human body. Through digital media and personal interaction, you become "part of the story', as you contribute your own data in a process of learning and discovery.BODY WORLDS & The Cycle of Life (Temporary Exhibit Now Open!)BODY WORLDS comes to the Museum of Science with a new chapter, Gunther von Hagens' BODY WORLDS & The Cycle of Life. Don't miss this truly unique opportunity to look within yourself and gain a whole new perspective on what it means to be alive. More than one hundred preserved human specimens reveal the wonders of human development and show how poor health, good health, and lifestyle choices can shape your body.（1）Which exhibit do you need to book in advance?A.Butterfly GardenB.A Bird's WorldC.Hall of Human LifeD.BODY WORLDS & The Cycle of Life（2）What can you do in A Bird's World?A.Improve your own flying technique.municate with birds in body language.C.Watch digital media showing birds' history.D.See different birds from all over the world.（3）What is special about BODY WORLDS & The Cycle of Life?A.It is related to human body.B.It lasts for only a limited time.C.It is the most visited exhibition in the world.D.It has something to do with the growth of life.【答案】（1）A（2）A（3）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了波士顿科技馆的四个展览的相关信息。

(14)Unit 3 Fit for life 高二英语牛津译林版寒假作业(含答案)

（14）Unit 3 Fit for life一、阅读理解1. We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago. As scientists look deeper into our genes (基因), they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years. People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes. Cattle-raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation(突变) that helps them digest milk as adults.On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation—not to air or to food, but to the ocean. A group of sea-dwelling people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers. The Bajau, as these people are known, number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. They have traditionally lived on houseboats; in recent times, they've also built houses on stilts (支柱) in coastal waters. "They are simply a stranger to the land," said Rodney C. Jubilado, a University of Hawaii researcher who studies the Bajau.Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the Philippines. They made a living as divers, spearfishing or harvesting shellfish. "We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders," Dr. Jubilado said. "I could see them actually walking under the sea."In 2015, Melissa Ilardo, then a graduate student in genetics at the University of Copenhagen, heard about the Bajau. She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them. "It seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population," said Dr. Ilardo. She also said there were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau dive.1.What does the author want to tell us by the examples in Paragraph 1 ?A.Environmental adaptation of cattle raisers.B.New knowledge of human evolution.C.Recent findings of human origin.D.Significance of food selection.2.Where do the Bajau build their houses?A.In valleys.B.Near rivers.C.On the beach.D.Off the coast.3.Why was the young Jubilado astonished at the Bajau?A.They could walk on stilts all day.B.They had a superb way of fishing.C.They could stay long underwater.D.They lived on both land and water.4.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Bodies Remodeled for a Life at SeaB.Highlanders' Survival SkillsC.Basic Methods of Genetic ResearchD.The World's Best Divers2. Tom Macdonald would describe himself as pretty relaxed — unless he sees the doctor. Then, suddenly, his blood pressure(血压) rises."I was a truck driver, and I would be under pressure all day, dealing with traffic and long journeys to make sure we were on time," said Tom. "But I never got worried about work. Yet medical settings made me very nervous."This wasn't a problem until last year when Tom developed an umbilical hernia (疝气). His doctor told him although it was not serious, if left untreated, a hernia can cause bad results. However, Tom's situation created problems. "When I had my blood pressure taken in hospital, the doctor told me that I wouldn't be able to have the surgery because it was so high."Surgery for patients with high blood pressure can be risky. But when Tom's blood pressure was taken later, the top number fell to below 140 high, but not high enough to prevent surgery. "Soon afterwards, my doctor told me that I suffered from white coat syndrome(综合征). He explained it was seeing a doctor or being in a hospital that caused my blood pressure to rise even if it is usually normal.""The main difficulty with white coat syndrome is that it only happens in a medical setting, which means you can't really treat it," says Professor Peter Sever. "You can't send a patient away with medicine because once he gets home and takes it, his blood pressure is going to fall through the floor." The good news is that many people do gain control over the syndrome; knowledge can make a difference. "For some people, if they know they have it, they do seem to be able to take some control over it and it can improve," says Professor Sever.Many hospitals now have methods of solving the problem of white coat syndrome. They include the Will Adams NHS Treatment Centre in Gillingham, Kent, where Tom finally had his hernia repaired earlier this year.1.What caused Tom to get worried?A.Traffic jams.B.Long journeys.C.Medical settings.D.Heavy work.2.What prevented Tom having the surgery at first?A.His white coat syndrome.B.His doubt about his doctor.C.The seriousness of his hernia.D.The fall of his blood pressure.3.What's the best way to deal with white coat syndrome?A.Taking some medicine.B.Avoiding going to hospitals.C.Getting treatment at home.D.Fully knowing the syndrome.4.What can we know about the result of Tom's treatment?A.It's creative.B.It's satisfying.C.It's unexpected.D.It's disappointing.3. We have a sweet teeth. That makes sense. All animals need sugar to live. It's the fuel that powers our cells. So it's not surprising that we're born to want the sweet stuff.Sugar stores energy like a battery. After a meal, your body breaks down foods. It uses some sugar for energy right away. The rest gets stored for the body to break down later. It's a myth that sugar makes you extremely excited, but having a sugary snack can give you a quick burst of energy. That's because the sugar in sweet foods is easy for your body to turn into fuel. When you eat other kinds of foods, like vegetables, it takes longer for your body to break the sugars down.These days it's easy to find sweet snacks. Sodas, candies, cakes and even foods that seem healthy, such as yogurt, can be packed with sugar. Food makers add sugar, because they know that to humans, sweet makes everything taste better. Americans eat about 20 teaspoons of extra sugar every day. That's more than what is good for us.Eating too much sugar can cause more than a stomachache. It can make people overweight, decay the teeth and even cause diabetes. However, experts aren't worried about naturally sweet foods — the problem is added sugar. So go ahead and enjoy a sweet apple or even a sugar-rich carrot that is also full of vitamins and other good stuff.Even cake is great once in a while, as long as you don't overeat it. After all, no one wants life to be dull. And your body needs its fuel!1.Why may people be tricked into eating too much sugar?A.Because no one wants life to be boring.B.Because we're born to want the sweet stuff.C.Because so-called healthy food can be packed with sugar.D.Because sugar is the fuel for the plants and animals on the Earth.2.What does the author want to stress in Para. 4?A.We'd better say no to sweet foods.B.Experts are worried about added sugar.C.Eating too much sugar is bad for our health.D.We'd better consume sugar from natural sources.3.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.Be Smart about SugarB.Sugar Brings HappinessC.Why Does Sugar Taste So Good?D.Why Does Sugar Make Us Fat?4. As early as 2005, there were a number of new stories about dog cloning and cat cloning. Animal cloning had been old news for nearly a decade by then, with the revolutionary(革命性的) cloning of Dolly the sheep in Scotland.However, Snuppy was the first pet, a dog, to be cloned. Since the cloning of Snuppy, there has been some very successful cloning of pets and other animals. Lou Hawthorne started BioArts while cloning his beloved mixed-breed dog Missy. Hawthorne was very pleased with the results of the cloning, producing three successful clones that were very alike to the original in character and behaviour. In January, 2009, a Florida couple, Ed and Nina Otto, announced that they had paid to have their dog cloned by BioArts.All new technology is overpriced. For example, personal computers were not very affordable at first. Only after the producing process was improved was it possible for every family to have a computer. How much room there will be for organizations to reduce the price point on pet cloning without broad demand is of course questionable.There are many great dogs and cats that can be found at the local pound(收容所) or are given away for "free to good homes" in classified ads(分类广告). However, there is no limit to the value people place on a beloved pet. The Ottos are a good example of that. If people can buy a dog or cat with predictable behaviour and characteristics, there is value in that. There is a predictable market here, though it may always be limited in size.While pet cloning has not taken off as some hoped, it's clear that it will become a bigger market in the future and it will be increasingly possible for people to try this out. With the inevitable(不可避免的) success that cloned pet owners will have, the practice will become more widely accepted and it seems inevitable that there is a future for cloned dogs and cats.1.What is the main idea of this passage?A.The brief introduction of pet cloning.B.The behaviour of cloned animals.C.The cases of pet cloning.D.The history of pet cloning.2.What can be inferred from the passage?A.Pet cloning will be accepted by everyone.B.New technology of pet cloning will be invented.C.Human cloning may one day become a reality.D.The price of pet cloning may not be cheap.3.Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word in the third paragraph?A.Cheap.B.Wonderful.C.Expensive.D.Various.4.What does the author think of the market of pet cloning?A.Negative.B.Unclear.C.Indifferent.D.Optimistic.二、七选五5. If you are fighting anxiety in your life, here are some tips on dealing with depression naturally.♦Try therapy. ①__________ There is no harm in asking for help and it is never too late to do that. Professional help will always be better. The main reason is that an expert therapist is capable of dealing with the condition.♦Eat healthy foods. The best way to fight your stress hormones (荷尔蒙) is eating foods that are healthy to help boost your mood. ②__________ The right types of foods can help you feel better and happier.♦Fix your sleeping schedules. Sleeping on time may not cure your depression at once, but it's one brick in the wall. ③__________ If your routine does not allow you to have 8 hours of sleep every night, it means that your brain is not getting enough rest. Lack of sleep leads to anxiety and stress that can contribute to your depression. Depression, in turn, causes insomnia(失眠). In short, it is a poisonous cycle that needs to be broken.♦④__________ Make a habit of going out every morning for 15 to 20 minutes. ⑤__________ You are able to get fresh air, which can distract you from your daily stress. Going out for a walk is a good workout for your body. The blood circulation improves and your organs and muscles get enough oxygen.A. Go out for a walk.B. There are a few benefits.C. This is a scientifically proven fact.D. Dress up and be sure to have fun outdoors.E. Your depression can start with lack of sleep.F. This isn't the only way to deal with anxiety.G. The first thing any person with depression should do is seek help.三、完形填空6. North Carolina mom Hannah Jarvis is thanking a kind stranger. The stranger saved her 7-month-old daughter, Calli, from 1 while her family was eating dinner at Golden Corral. According to Hannah's post, a quick-thinking woman named Debra acted fast when she saw Calli choking on a bite of potatoes."I immediately 2 my daughter out of her high chair and started pounding (反复击打) on her 3 , but I wasn't doing it right and so I started to 4 ," Hannah told POPSUGAR. "My mother started to do the same: holding her upside down, hitting her back, but 5 . At that time, we were all in a panic. Then, Debra 6 and did the Heimlich manoeuvre properly.""If anyone knows who Debra Rouse is, this lady is a 7 ! If it weren't for this lady, my daughter probably would have been wheeled away in an ambulance today," Hannah wrote on the social media. "My family and I can't thank you 8 for helping. My daughter has been seen to the ER and is perfectly 9 now. I will never forget the tears that were shed today at Golden Corral as this heroine 10 . Most importantly, thank you for hearing our 11 cries for Calli this afternoon."Thanks to the power of social media, the post eventually 12 it onto Debra's screen, and she left a sweet reply in the comments section. "Good evening Mrs. Hannah, I saw the news article and I messaged you my number! I'm 13 that Calli is doing well. Love you all and take care."Hannah and Debra have been keeping speaking with each other regularly 14 then. Hannah said, "We actually met up in Asheville the day after the incident. I'm just so thankful for Debra being 15 to us that day!"1.A.drowning B.choking C.falling D.hurting2.A.pushed B.drove C.noticed D.pulled3.A.back B.head C.stomach D.shoulder4.A.whisper B.dream ugh D.panic5.A.in charge B.in comfort C.in vain D.in disaster6.A.appeared B.spoke C.woke D.agreed7.A.heroine B.doctor C.model D.waitress8.A.much B.enough C.too D.over9.A.adaptable B.outgoing C.confident D.healthy10.A.stepped in B.looked on C.showed off D.got around11.A.proper B.gentle C.desperate D.thoughtful12.A.caught B.got C.deserved D.made13.A.delighted B.confused C.surprised D.nervous14.A.though B.since C.after D.before15.A.introduced B.left C.sent D.employed四、语法填空7. The skin is ①essential part of your body and is its largest organ. You have three layers of skin ②functions are very complex: it warns you when things are too hot or cold and ③(give) you your sense of touch. You can get burnt by ④(variety) things. Giving first aid is the first and most important step in the treatment of burns.Burns ⑤(divide) into three types, depending ⑥the depth of skin damage. Different degrees of burns have different ⑦(characteristic). When giving first aid in the treatment of burns, you can remove clothing ⑧(use) scissors if necessary, unless the fabric is stuck to the burnt skin. Place bums under cool running water, ⑨(particular) within the first ten minutes. Cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth. If burns are on the face, make sure the victim can still breathe. If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns, it is urgent ⑩(take) him/her to the hospital at once.五、写作8.如今近视在青少年中已成为越来越普遍的现象。

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论点
over whether there is life on
Titan.科学家有不同的争论是否有泰坦上的生命 B Scientists all agree that there is life on Titan.科学家都同意在泰坦上有生命 C Scientists all suggest that a biological 生物 explanation 扩展 is reasonable
announced 宣布 after researchers at the US space agency 代理,NASA3,analyzed data
数据Biblioteka from spacecraft Cassini4,which pointed to
以沼气为基础
指出
,the existence
存在
of
methane-based
2016 年职称英语考试复习资料-吴静整理
P179 阅读理解复习要求词汇
＋38 "Life Form Found" on Saturn's Titan 土卫六上发现了生命迹象
）补全短文（））
阅读判断（）概括大意与完成句子（）阅读理解（完型填空（）只看问题和译文就行（√）其他（
Saturn 土星 methane 甲烷，沼气 Titan 土卫六 acetylene 乙炔 alien 外星人；外星球的；相异的 conservatism 保守主义,守旧
2016 年职称英语考试复习资料-吴静整理
（七）The absence 没有 of detectable 可检测 acetylene 乙炔 on the Titan's surface can very well have a non-biological explanation
非生物解释
,said Mark Allen,a
解释保守主义
suggests that a biological
精选
生物学
should be
应该是
the last choice
after all non-biological
explanations are addressed 称呼,"Allen said. "We have a lot of work to do to 【rule out】8 排除„„的可能性 possible non-biological explanations 解释. It is more likely 或许 that a chemical 化学 process 过程,without 而非 biology 生物学,can explain
合理性
.科学家都表明,一个生物的扩展是合理的。
D Scientists all agree that a non-biological chemical 化学 reactio n 反应 is a possible 可能 explanation 扩展.科学家都同意,非生物化学反应是一种可能的扩展。 5. Which of the following can replace 哪个可以代替这篇文章的标题吗? A Earthlike Living Beings Found on Titan.类似地球生物发现土卫六。 B Finding of One More Moon of Saturn.B 发现土星的一个月亮。 C Titan,a New Satellite Found.一个新的卫星发现,泰坦。 D A different Life Form, a Possibility.不同的生命形式,一种可能性
2016 年职称英语考试复习资料-吴静整理
D Rivers and lakes there contain life formls.河流和湖泊形态包含生命。 3. To date,scientists have not yet detected this form of life.(paragraph 5)What does"this formof life" refer to?到目前为止,科学家还没有发现这种形式的生命。第五段“生命这开动印钞机”指什么? A Water-based life.水性的生活。 B Methane-based life.甲烷为基础的生命。 C Liquid-water-based microorganisms.液态水性微生物。 D Gas-based life.天然气为基础的生活。 4. What can be inferred from what Allen said?从艾伦说什么可以推断出什么? A Scientists have different arguments
消耗
because it's the obvious
明显的
gas for life to consume 消耗 on Titan,similar to the way we consume 消费 oxygen
2016 年职称英语考试复习资料-吴静整理
on Earth,"says NASA scientist Chris McKay."克里斯麦凯 If these signs do turn out
过程华氏温度
are around 90 Kelvin6(minus 290 degrees organism
中间的有机体
度
),a methanebased that is liquid
四甲基二氨基二苯甲烷
would have to use a
生活的
物质
液体
as its medium
for living
化学物质
in the atmosphere to produce a coating 涂层 of acetylene 乙炔 on Titan's
查明
surface. But Cassini detected
no acetylene on the surface.科学家们原
指望太阳与大气层中的化学物质相互作用会在土卫六上产生一层乙炔。但卡西尼号在它的表面没有探测到乙炔。
检测到
this form of life
anywhere 在任何地方,though there are liquid 液体的-water-based microorganisms 微生物 on Earth that grow well on methane or produce it as a waste product 产品. On Titan, where temperatures Farenheit substance
processes
, but not water itself. Water is frozen 冰冻 solid 固体 on Titan's surface and
支撑
much too cold to support
life as we know it.时至今日，尽管地球上的依
赖液体水的微生物在甲烷里生长良好或把它作为废物排出，科学家在任何地方都没有探测到这种生命的形式。在土卫六上，绝对温度达到 90 度（相当于摄氏- 273. 15 度），依赖于甲烷的微生物不得不用某种液体物质作为生存的介质，这种液体不是水，水在土卫六上会冻成冰块，不能融化。我们知道，冰块太冷不能维持生命。（六）Scientists had expected 期望 the Sun's interactions 互动 with chemicals
"Life Form Found" on Saturn's 土星 Titan 土卫六土卫六上发现了生命迹象（一）Scientists say they have discovered 发现【hints 迹象 of alien 外星人 life】
1 外星生命迹象
on the Saturn's moon2. The discovery of 【a sort of】一种 life was
提出理由
that hydrogen
氢
gets absorbed
被„吸引住
before hitting
Titan's planet 星星-like surface covered 覆盖着 with methane 甲烷 lakes and rivers. This,they say,points to the existence 存在 of some"bugs"5 窃听器 consuming 消耗 the hydrogen 氢 at the surface of the moon less than half the size of the Earth. 他们认为，氢气在到达布满甲烷河流湖泊的土卫六类似行星一样的表层前就已经被吸收。这就证明在这个不及半个地球大小的卫星表面有某种微生物在依靠氢气生存（四）"We suggested hydrogen consumption
结果
to be a sign of life,it would be doubly 双倍的 exciting because it would
represent 代表 a second form of life independent 不相关联 from water-based life on Earth."美国国家航空航天局的科学家 Chris Mckay 说， “我们提出有氢气的消耗，是由于它是土卫六上生命赖以生存的显而易见的气体，就像我们地球上用氧气呼吸一样。如果这些迹象最终证明是生命的迹象，它会加倍令人兴奋，因为它会代表完全不同于地球上水基生命的第二种生命。（五）To date,scientists have not yet detected