综合英语3词汇合编7

Unit 11 On Becoming a Better StudentW ords and ExpressionsParagraphs 1-21. repository n. 存放处,储藏室a place where things are stored2. partake v. 参与,分享,分担(often humorous) eat or drink, esp. sth. offeredIn the passage, “partake” is figuratively(象征性地,隐喻地) used to mean “to draw on or use as one wishes (the teachers’ repositories of skill and knowledge)”e.g. -- Would you care to partake of a little wine with us?-- No, thank you. I don’t partake. (= don’t drink alcohol)Comparison: partake of & partake inpartake of: 吃e.g. Grandmother likes to partake of a small glass of sherry before lunch.partake in: 参加e.g. a woman's fundamental right to partake in club affairs3. at will 随意,任意(formal) as one wishese.g. Y ou can use my car at will (= any time you want to).Comparison: at will & with a willat will: do sth. at will is to do it as one wishes.with a will: do sth. with a will is to do it energetically and with eager interest.e.g. They worked with a will and had cleared a path by 9.00 a.m.4. weighted a. 加重的,加权的,衡量过的be weighted with care 心事重重Paragraphs 3-95. embody v. 表现,象征serve as a symbol or expression of an idea, quality, etc.e.g. To me, they embody the best of Wall Street.6. discipline n. 纪律1) training, esp. of the mind and character, aimed at producing self-control, obedience, etc.e.g. Any discipline —but especially those with great subtlety and complexity, like yoga or t’aichi — can be a lifelong pursuit.2) the quality of being able to behave in a strictly controlled way which involves obeying particular rules or standardse.g. Persistence, consistency, and discipline are required.3) a branch of knowledge; a subject of studye.g. If we can look at our chosen discipline or craft as an ongoing process rather than as adiscrete accomplishment, the potential for learning can be infinite.I am working for people from a wide range of scientific disciplines.7. discrete a. 分离的,不相关联的independent of other things of the same typee.g. a series of discrete eventsComparison: discrete & discreetdiscrete: sth. that is separate and distinct is discretee.g. These small companies now have their own discrete (= independent, separate) identity. discreet: sb. who is discreet is careful or showing good judgment in what one says or does; sth. that is discreet is not too obviouse.g.We must be extremely discreet (= careful in what we do and say); the police suspectsomething.8. mundane a. 世俗的,平凡的ordinary and uninteresting, with nothing exciting or unusual in itmundane life 世俗生活9. live up to 实践,做到,不辜负behave in accordance with (what is expected); achieve or keep (high standards)e.g. Y ou disappointed us by failing to live up to your principles.10. relinquish v. 交出,让给,放弃give up (power, position, claim, etc.)11. approachn. a way of dealing with a thing or persone.g. a new approach to foreign language teachingKelly is always very logical in her approach (= the way she deals with things). Collocations:approach to sth.: a method of doing something or dealing with a probleme.g. This book takes an unorthodox(不正统的) approach to art criticism.the approach of sth.:the approach of a particular time or event is the fact that it is getting closere.g. the approach of autumnv. begin to consider or deal withe.g. There are quite a few ways of approaching the problem.I must tell her that I can’t go to her wedding ceremony, but I don’t quite know how toapproach the subject.12. precedence n. 领先于,优先权the condition of being dealt with before other things or of being considered more important than other thingse.g. Let’s deal with the question in order of precedence (= the important ones first). Derivations:precede (v.): come or go before sth. in time, order, rank, etc.e.g. Bill Clinton preceded Gorge Bush Jr. as president of the United States.precedent (n.): earlier decision, case, event, etc. that is regarded as an example or rule for what comes latere.g. The Queen has broken with precedent by sending her children to ordinary schools. precedented有先例可援的(a.): having or supported by a precedente.g. It was a decision not precedented in English lawunprecedented(a.) without precedent; never having happened, been done or been known beforee.g. The twentieth century witnessed environmental destruction on an unprecedented scale(程度).13. prior a. 在前的,优先的coming or planned beforee.g. She was unable to attend the reception(接待) because of a prior engagement. Collocation:prior to: (fml.) beforee.g. The contract will be signed prior to the ceremony.Derivation:priority (n.)e.g. The government gave (top) priority to reforming the legal system.14. pitfall n. 陷阱,易犯的错误,意想不到的困难a mistake that may easily be madee.g. Can forward planning help avoid stressful pitfalls?15. complacency n.自满,自鸣得意(disapproving) a feeling of calm satisfaction with one’s own abilities or situation that prevents one from trying hardere.g. What worries the principal about these students is their complacency —they seem to haveno desire to expand their horizons.Derivation:complacent (a.) 自满的e.g. I dislike his complacent attitude/smile.16. strain v. 尽量利用,用尽全力n. 负担try (too) hard; make (too) great effortsParagraph1017. correspondence n. 信件联系,信函the act of exchanging letters; the letters exchanged between peoplee.g. The authoress seldom mentions her renowned husband in her correspondence. Collocation:take / do a correspondence course(= a course of lessons in which information and work are exchanged by post)Derivation:correspondent (n.):①a person with whom another person exchanges letters regularly②a newspaper or television reporter, especially one who specializes in a particular type of newse.g. a war / diplomatic / health / environment correspondent18. cumulative a. 累积的,逐增的(also “accumulative”) increasing steadily in amount or degree by one addition after anothere.g.The cumulative effect of using so many chemicals on the land could be disastrous.19. pertinent a. 用关的,中肯的relevant; to the point20. scathing a. 严厉的,尖刻的,不留情的(of speech or writing) bitterly cruel in judgment21. badger v. 纠缠不休,吵着要repeatedly tell sb. to do sth. or ask sb. questionse.g. The little girl badgered her father into buying her a pony.Vocabulary ExercisesIII. Word Derivation1. substance n.物质,主旨,实质→ substantial a. → substantiality n.你处理这些危险品时，可要当心。