07_The_Case_Study
Case Study Research(个案研究)
Case Study Research
Robert K. Yin
1、导论：如何把握是否及何时运用案例研究方法
使用各种研究方法的前提条件：○
1该研究所要回答的问题的类型是什么；○2研究者对研究对象及事件的控制程度如何；○
3研究的重心是当前发生的事，或者是过去发生的事。
2、案例研究方案的设计：选定案例，确立研究的逻辑
3、收集案例研究资料的准备：开始收集案例研究资料之前，你需要做什么
4、收集案例研究资料：从六种来源获取证据时所要遵守的一些原则
5
、案例研究的证据分析：怎样开始分析？选择哪些分析策略？这些
策略的效果如何？
6、撰写案例研究报告：写什么和怎么写。
case study范文
case study范文Case Study: The Success Story of Airbnb。
In the past decade, Airbnb has emerged as a disruptive force in the hospitality industry, revolutionizing the way people travel and find accommodations. This case study will delve into the factors that have contributed to Airbnb's success and examine the strategies that have propelled the company to the forefront of the sharing economy.Founded in 2008 by Brian Chesky, Joe Gebbia, and Nathan Blecharczyk, Airbnb started as a simple idea to rent out air mattresses in their San Francisco apartment to travelers attending a local conference. Today, the company boasts millions of listings in over 220 countries and regions, offering a diverse range of accommodations from private rooms to entire homes.One of the key factors behind Airbnb's success is its ability to tap into the growing trend of the sharing economy. By allowing individuals to monetize their underutilized spaces, Airbnb has created a platform that benefits both hosts and guests. This has not only expanded the options for travelers but has also provided a new source of income for hosts, making it a win-win situation for all parties involved.Furthermore, Airbnb's emphasis on creating unique and personalized experiences for guests has set it apart from traditional hospitality providers. The platform allows hosts to showcase their properties in a way that reflects their individual style and personality, offering guests a more authentic and immersive travel experience. This personal touch has resonated with travelers who are increasingly seeking out meaningful connections and local insights during their trips.In addition, Airbnb's innovative use of technology has been instrumental in driving its growth and success. The company has invested heavily in developing a user-friendly platform and mobile app that makes it easy for hosts to list their properties and for guests to find and book accommodations. This seamless and efficient booking process has contributed to Airbnb's popularity and has helped it gain a competitive edge in the market.Another key aspect of Airbnb's success is its focus on building a strong and trusted community. The company has implemented rigorous screening processes and verification procedures to ensure the safety and security of both hosts and guests. This has helped to foster a sense of trust and reliability within the Airbnb community, leading to repeat bookings and positive word-of-mouth referrals.Furthermore, Airbnb has been proactive in adapting to the changing needs and preferences of its users. The company has expanded its offerings to include unique experiences and activities, allowing travelers to immerse themselves in the local culture and community. This diversification has enabled Airbnb to cater to a wider audience and has positioned it as a one-stop platform for all aspects of travel.In conclusion, Airbnb's success can be attributed to a combination of factors, including its ability to tap into the sharing economy, its focus on creating personalized experiences, its innovative use of technology, its emphasis on building a strong community, and its proactive approach to meeting the evolving needs of its users. By staying true to its core values and continuously innovating, Airbnb has solidified its position as a leader in the travel and hospitality industry, setting a precedent for other companies in the sharing economy.。
case study 英文格式
CASE STUDY: THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON EDUCATION1. IntroductionTechnology has be an integral part of our d本人ly lives, and its influence on education cannot be understated. In this case study, we will explore the impact of technology on education, including its benefits and challenges.2. Evolution of Technology in EducationOver the years, technology has revolutionized the way education is delivered and received. From the introduction ofputers in classrooms to the implementation of online learning platforms, technology has transformed the traditional educational landscape.3. Benefits of Technology in Education3.1 Enhanced Learning ExperienceTechnology has enabled educators to create interactive and engaging learning materials, making the learning process more enjoyable and effective for students.3.2 Access to InformationWith the internet and online databases, students have access to a wealth of information at their fingertips, allowingthem to explore beyond the confines of the traditional classroom.3.3 Personalized LearningTechnology has made it possible for educators to t本人lor learning materials to individual student needs, providing a personalized learning experience for each student.4. Challenges of Technology in Education4.1 Technology-DependentThe overreliance on technology in education can lead to a lack of critical thinking and problem-solving skills in students.4.2 Privacy and Security ConcernsThe use of technology in education r本人ses concerns about student privacy and data security, especially in online learning environments.4.3 Technology AccessibilityNot all students have equal access to technology, creating a digital divide that may hinder their learning opportunities.5. Case Studies5.1 Flipped Classroom ModelThe flipped classroom model utilizes technology to deliver instructional content outside of the classroom, allowing formore active and engaged learning during class time.Case Study: A high school in Florida implemented the flipped classroom model and saw a significant improvement in student engagement and academic performance.5.2 Online Learning PlatformsOnline learning platforms provide students with the flexibility to learn at their own pace and convenience, breaking down geographical barriers to education.Case Study: A university in the United Kingdom adopted online learning platforms and witnessed an increase in enrollment and student satisfaction.6. Rmendations for Future Integration of Technology in Education6.1 Digital Literacy Tr本人ningEducators should receive tr本人ning on how to effectively integrate technology into their teaching practices, ensuring that students develop essential digital literacy skills.6.2 Equity in Access to TechnologyEfforts should be made to bridge the digital divide and ensure that all students have equal access to technology for learning purposes.6.3 Data Privacy and Security MeasuresEducational institutions should prioritize the implementation of robust data privacy and security measures to protect student information in digital learning environments.7. ConclusionAs technology continues to advance, its impact on education will only grow in significance. By understanding the benefits and challenges of technology in education, we can work towards harnessing its potential to provide quality and equitable education for all.。
英语论文案例分析-casestudy
英语论文案例分析-Case study英语论文案例分析:Case studyCase1The ChaoZhou Calen Fashion Company Ltd’ is a private midsized firm located in the edding dress ton —Chaozhou China, ith the area of 1500 square meters. Its produces are mainly of varieties of beading, machine embroidery, and movable floers decorated edding dresses and evening dresses. The firm is a private enterprise but registered as a tonship collective enterprise in 1988 due to policy reason. It produced evening and edding dress for a foreign trade firm in Shanghai exporting to the Japan market. The export share of the firm has alays been close to 100 percent due to heavily dependent on OEM, i.e. producing for other firms and brands. Mr. Cai, one of the shareholders of Calen Fashion, joined Calen Fashion in 2006. He has been orked for a large-scale import and export pany for 5 fears mainly engaged in the field of evening dressing .During that time, he accumulated export experience and overseas customers resources. In 2006, he met the factory manager Mr. Wang through orking relationship. After several times contact, Mr.Cai decided to cooperate ith Mr. Wang to run Calen Fashion together. Mr.Cai used his knoledge and experience to obtain theself-export right for Calen Fashion and registered an on brand for domestic market in 2006. From 2016, the firms obtained export rights and started to accept orders also from the US and Canada hich are mostly introduced by Mr. Cai. Japan still accounts for 60 percent of the export, but is decreasing. The full focus of Calen Fashion has been OEM for the international market, thereby having close to 100 % export. In 2006, the pany registered an on brand for the domestic market, hich no accounts for 5 percent of the sales.Case2Skyline Architecture FirmThe Skyline Architecture Firm is a private midsized architecture design firm located in Beijing. The firm as established in 2003, firstly undertaking project design and urban planning for domestic realty panies. According to Chinese construction regulation, foreign architecture pany ho involved in construction project in China should choose a Chinese architecture firm as a coordinator. From the beginning, through business and personal connections, the firm got many opportunities to ork ith foreign design firms in China’s project. In 2006, the firm started the first overseas project in Qatar, cooperated ith Chinese Construction Company to provide the conceptual design for Qatar clients. From then on, skyline architecture firm try to engage in international architecture petition to explore international market. Hoever, the main customer is still in China. In 2016, through an old business partner, ho orks as the project manager in a Vietnam realty pany, skyline architecture firm obtained their second overseas project. Until 2016, the firm’s overseas turnover accountfor 5% of total revenue.Mr. Chen, the intervieee, is a co-founder of the firm. He has been orked for one of the biggest state oned Architecture Design Research Group. The other partner, Mr. Cui, has been orked in Hong Kong for 5years. They set up skyline in 2003 and focused on cater to domestic realty pany. Mr. Chen said most of the ne customers introduced by business netork.Case3The ‘Shunyi Jiahua Ganment Company Ltd’ is a tonship garment process factory located in Beijing. The pany as established in 1998 and is producing apparel of cotton, ool, silk, etc., e.g.leisure shirts. The firm as established in 1998 and until 2001 it as a tonship enterprise attached to Dahua Garment Company Ltd., hich is one of the biggest state oned garment factories in Beijing. Dahua Ganment subcontracted its foreign orders to cooperative process factories, Jiahua Ganment as one of them. In 2001, China abolished the export a system gradually since the entry in the World Trade Organization . Dahua start to lose its advantage because the pany used to get export a as a state oned enterprise from Chinatex Corporation, hich is alarge-scale state-oned group corporation engaging production and trade of ra materials, textiles and garments. Under the circumstances, Jiahua started to seek orders from other trade or agent panies to make up the shortage order from Dahua. In 2006, Jiahua separated from Dahua Garment officially and kept on OEM for the international market. The export share of the firm has alays been to 100 percent by indirect export. Their products mainly for European clothing brand.。
专题07 七选五12篇(名校最新真题)高一英语下学期期中考点大串讲(牛津译林版)(原卷版)
专题07七选五▲命题特点七选五阅读正文部分通常是一篇完整的文章，有五个句子被挖空，正文后给出七个选项，均为完整句子，要求考生根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。
此题型拓宽了阅读理解能力考察的深度和广度，考查学生句子和语篇两个层面的阅读能力和领悟能力，以及对整个语篇的衔接手段与连贯性的洞察力。
总之，七选五的题型难度要大于传统的阅读理解题，对学生把握文章结构脉络、逻辑思维能力和语言综合运用能力，有更高的要求。
▲技巧点拨1、如果空白处在段首，则答案通常是段落主题句，做题时，应认真阅读本段内容，概括段落大意，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。
2、如果空白处在段中，段中的空白处多位于段落主题句之后，与上下文构成明显的逻辑关系：如常见的分述细化主题的并列关系、语义发生变化的转折关系，对上诉概念的解释说明、举例论证，这些句子起衔接上下文的作用，因此成为历年高考语篇考查的重中之重。
3、如果空白处在段尾，则答案通常是结论或概括性的语句。
空白处前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。
做题时注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词如therefore,as a result,thus,hence,in short,to sum up,to conclude,in a word等词语。
如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接，即空白处起前后两段过渡作用。
▲模拟演练模拟演练一（2023·江苏南京·高一南京市第九中学校考期中）Kids are begging parents for cell phones at younger and younger ages,leaving families with tough choices to make.It might take some time to teach kids how to use phones as tools,not toys.Here are a few ways to get the message across.Tell them not to use phones at school.Phones can be a distraction(干扰)from learning when used in the classroom.____1____In fact,43%of teens admit that they often or sometimes use their phones as a way to avoid face-to-face communication with others.Encourage them to contact long-distance relatives.____2____They’re also for keeping in touch with people who you may not get to talk to as often.If you have families who live in another city or state,ask your kids to strike up a conversation.Lead by example.Setting an example is not only about how you use your phone,but also about how much you use it.When you feel bored and expect to glance over social media,fight itby taking a short walk.____3____Advise them not to use phones at the dinner table.For many families,the only time they truly get together is breaking bread at tbe end of a long day.____4____Asking your children to leave their phones far from the dinner table is a great way to solve the problem.____5____Sometimes,kids need a little push in order to make better choices about their phones.If they’re struggling with healthy habits,put some real-world events on the calendar. Good options include going to an amusement park,working together on a craft project or signing your kids up for sports.A．Plan other forms of entertainment.B．Prepare a dinner together with your children.C．Screen time before bed reduces sleep quality.D．They can also prevent students from connecting with one another.E．So it is wise of parents to stress the importance of parent child time.F．Also,instead of reading a headline,why not pull out a book to read?G．Phones aren’t just for texting the best friend who lives two blocks away.二（2023·江苏南通·高一海安高级中学校考期中）Walking in the city is very different from walking in the park.A small psychology study suggests urban environments can slow your step and possibly increase your mental load.____6____It can case your mind and quicken your pace. The findings show that natural settings may potentially reduce cognitive(认知的)tiredness and improve reaction times straight away.____7____The first of the two experiments in the new study focused on people’s way of walking and cognitive load.During this trial,participants were fitted with sensors and a dozen motion control cameras were set up to watch them repeatedly walk down a l5-metre room at their natural speed. The wall opposite them showed an image of either a nature scene or a city scene.____8____On the whole,when walking in city settings,people reported that they felt more uncomfortable and they walked at a slower pace,indicating a higher cognitive load.____9____In the trial,participants were asked to distinguish between basic visual shapes on the computer while also in the presence of a natural or urban image(the same ones from the first experiment).Measuring reaction times in both natural and urban settings,the team found results to support their idea.In urban environments,participants were slower in distinguishing between simple shapes.____10____Our brains take longer to process.However,more research is needed to prove that idea.A．Nature influences us in many ways.B．The second dug into some higher-level cognitive processes.C．A walk through nature does the opposite,though.D．They said they couldn’t concentrate properly after walking.E．After each participants were asked to rate their discomfort.F．The reason is that urban environments are more distracting.G．The study includes two experiments with two different approaches.三.（2023·辽宁·高一校联考期末）Owning a pet is a fun and rewarding experience.But every animal and their needs are different,so how can you make sure that you choose the right one for yourself?Here are some top tips from national pet charity Blue Cross.Do your researchYou may like the look of a particular pet but that doesn’t mean they’re right for you.____11____.So,think carefully about what you want from your pet and do some research before you take one on.Some pets may also require more vet care than others.Take French bulldogs and pugs for example,they can suffer many health issues over their lifetime,including problems with their breathing and skin conditions due to their exaggerated features.____12____ ____13____For example,if you work full time and you want a dog,who would take care of them during the day?If you want a cat,will they have access to outside space while you’re out during the day? Familiarize yourself with the size and exercise requirements of different pets to make sure they’re the right choice for you.Do your sumsFrom everyday things like insurance,food and toys to unexpected vet bills,having a pet is certainly a financial commitment.____14____.Make sure you factor in how much your new pet will cost before you choose them.Use a reliable breeder(饲养员)If you do want to buy a dog or cat,ask a vet or breed club to recommend a responsible breeder.Ask the breeder for all the relative paperwork and see the pet’s parents or relatives to observe their temper,general health and welfare.____15____Because these may well tum out to be puppy farmers or commercial dealers who have little interest in the welfare of the pets they sell. A．Charities can offer support and advice about individual petsB．Think about your lifestyleC．Don’t throw yourself into the financial troubleD．Adjust your tasteE．Don’t purchase online or from dealers who offer multiple types of petsF．We’d advise owners to really do their research before taking on one of these pets G．Every pet has its own personality and some often have strong characters四.（2023·重庆·高一校联考期末）The thought of a natural disaster can be frightening,but preparing for the most likely disasters,such as tornadoes,hurricanes,floods,fires,and winter storms,is necessary.___16___You can develop an emergency plan for your family in case of a natural disaster,including household information,out-of-town contacts and school,workplace, and childcare contact information and emergency first aid.Add your evacuation routes and shelter plans as well.More importantly,you have to monitor potential(潜在的)disasters.____17____Watch news and weather reports in your region so that you can be aware of potential disasters in the area.You can also download apps for your smart phone that will warn you of potential disasters near your location.____18____If your family is at risk for exposure to a natural disaster,explain to them what’s happening.Review your emergency preparedness plan so that everyone knows what to do in the event of a disaster.Thirdly,track the progress of forthcoming disasters.Check back with your news station frequently so that you’ll be aware of changes in weather or conditions that could alter the course of a disaster.____19____In this way,you’ll be well informed of what’s happening.Finally,evacuate before disaster strikes,if possible.If danger is coming in your area, evacuate before it strikes.____20____So be sure to follow their instructions.If you aren’t able to evacuate,shelter in place until it’s safe to leave the area.A．For instance,creating a plan is a good idea.B．Make a contact card for each member of the family.C．Secondly,prepare family members for what may happen.D．You may not know what kind of disaster is about to strike.E．To achieve this,firstly,identify potential threatening situations.F．Your local authority may order evacuations if a natural disaster is coming.G．Sign up to receive alerts or updates from your local government or weather service.五.（2023·福建福州·高一统考期末）It’s strange,but I don’t really remember much about the hurricane itself.____21____I was sitting in my room with my cat,Smartie,on my lap,when theroof just flew off.All of a sudden,there was sky where the roof had been.I was so frightened that I just froze(保住不动).Mom cried to get out quickly,but it was already too late by then.The rain was coming down so hard and so fast.____22____We were going nowhere.At first,I was pleased we could stay at home,but soon it got really difficult.____23____ There was water everywhere,but we couldn’t drink any of it or else we’d get really sick.We just had drinking water that was sent to us by helicopter,but it was never enough.It was August,so it was really,really hot and it smelled so bad everywhere!I just spent the days watching the boats going up and down the street and looking out for Smartie.____24____Living in the open air,we became breakfast,lunch and dinner for the mosquitos(蚊子).But Mom said that whatever happens,we should always try to see the good side of things.____25____We had lost our home and everything in it.All we had left were the clothes on our backs.But thankfully,Smartie came home just in time.As Mom kept on reminding(提醒)us,we were all together and safe.Mom’s words made us feel better and gave us hope for the future. A．It all happened so quickly.B．We were so happy to take him with us.C．It was difficult to stay positive,though.D．Our street turned into a river in seconds.E．He had disappeared the moment the storm hit.F．Now,one year has passed and I’m back home.G．Without a roof,staying inside was too dangerous.六.（2023秋·海南·高一校联考期末）Saving Seeds for Next Year’s Flower GardenJust like vegetable seeds(种子),you can save flower seeds from your garden this year to plant in the following year.If you want the same kind of flower or plant for next year’s garden,collect only the seeds from plants marked as“heritage”.____26____Cross seeds with a mixture of two different parents will produce new plants,but they will only look like one of the parents.Therefore,you are taking a risk with planting cross seeds.Even if you expect plants to be the same as their parents,it is not certain.Wind or insects could bring pollen from one plant to another and accidentally create a mixture.____27____But if you like surprises,start experimenting!You could create a lovely new plant or flower!Just like everything else in gardening,timing is important.Collect seeds on a dry,sunny day. ____28____When their pods open,these plants could send their seeds up to6meters away.Onceon the ground,it is difficult to collect them.Instead,tie a small bag for seed collection over the pod when it nearly opens.For plants like sunflowers,cut the head off the plant and drop it into a paper bag.____29____This will save your fingers!You can place the seeds in a glass box that can be sealed.Then store them in a cool,dry area. Make sure to mark your glass box so you do not forget what they are.____30____But you should plant the new seeds the following year for best results.A．Keep an eye on some flowers.B．Let the seeds grow and fall naturally.C．Give the bag a shake to help separate the seeds.D．When stored with care,seeds are good for several years.E．These kinds of plants will grow just like their parent plant.F．In this case,add more seeds to the soil to make sure that some will grow.G．You can avoid this by planting only the plant from which you plan to collect seeds.七.（2023·广东江门·高一江门市棠下中学校考期中）Even if you live a green lifestyle at home,it’s possible to ignore(忽视)the impact(影响)your travels could have on the environment. ___31____Here are some steps you can take to reduce(减少)the possible harm that comes from traveling around the world.Choose your means of transportation.If you can reach a destination by train,consider taking one.____32____Avoiding flying completely is often not a choice for travelers,but the idea is to reduce unnecessary flights when e local public transport where possible and travel on foot or by bike to explore smaller areas.Find eco-friendly accommodation.___33____If you are going to the mountains or into the countryside,look for an eco-friendly place to stay.Even during city travel you can find environmentally friendly hotels.Know your environment.Remember every country has challenges to deal with.For some it is plastic(塑料的)bags,for others the amount of energy(能源)used on air conditioning or heating. ____34____Use water wisely for example when you are in dry countries.___35____Don’t forget your good habits just because you are on holiday.Clean up after yourself and don’t litter.Remember to bring a couple of food containers to pack a lunch and avoid any unnecessary packaging.A．Eat locally grown foods.B．Get your home holiday-ready.C．But the influences traveling has on the environment are great.D．Make sure you know them and act responsibly.E．Be as green as you are at home.F．Where you choose to sleep at night plays a key role in being a green traveler.G．It’s a great way to see a destination and has a less environmental impact than flying.八.（2023·湖南长沙·高一长郡中学校考期中）Travelling with friends can be an absolutely amazing experience where you could make lifelong memories or it could end up ruining your friendship.____36____Here are some rules you should follow to make sure your next trip with friends goes as smoothly as possible.____37____Sure,you and your friends probably have some similar interests,but that’s not always the case.In an effort to keep everyone happy,go over travel plans and expectations ahead of time.Have each person categorize activities or sights into“must see”“want to see”and“would go if we have time”.Plan accordingly and make sure everyone can see some of their top attractions.Communicate and respect each other.Everyone has personal preference when travelling.But sometimes things don’t go as you like.In this case,share your requirements directly with your travelling companions.___38____Have a conversation when problems arise,for communication is the key.Don’t disappear.When travelling with a group—or even just one other person—you may want to be alone sometimes.That’s completely fine,but make sure your friends know where you are and have a way of contacting you.___39____Get off your phone.Of course,your friends will understand if you need to take a call from a family member,or in the event of a work emergency,but other than that,try to stay off your phone. ____40____After all,the appeal of this type of trip is to spend time with friends.Just enjoy it! A．Include at least one activity for everyone.B．Give each other some space.C．At the same time,listen to their concerns and be respectful of them.D．And remember that consideration and respect go a long way.E．It’s especially true of travelling in foreign countries or unfamiliar places.F．So it’s important to make sure you and your friends are on the same page.G．Don’t respond to non-urgent work contact or send messages frequently.九.（2023·河北石家庄·高一校考期中）How Can I Fight Laziness?Lazy people will never amount to anything in life.However,laziness can be defeated once a few changes have been made in your mind.____41____.Many people lack sleep constantly,since they stay up too late and get up too early to prepare for work.These people have little motivation once they arrive ziness works hand in hand with a lack of motivation and a tendency to put off things.By adjusting your sleep schedule to provide a few more hours of meaningful rest,you can fight laziness throughout the day.Another way to fight laziness is to change your mind from passive to active.Some people treat their lives as if they were pushed from task to task.Others take a more proactive approach, viewing each task as a challenge they must overcome alone.____42____Some people fight laziness by removing the temptations that surround them.A television in the living room may provide entertainment,but watching too much TV often contributes to laziness.____43____Complete a few tasks and reward yourself with what you enjoy,such as a good dinner or a film.Laziness can also be a lasting problem at home.Couples and children may all have different energy levels,but laziness can be spread if not dealt with immediately.____44____Be the first to collect and wash dishes after a meal.Others in the home may eventually follow your example and perform their own task.It is difficult to practice laziness when you are surrounded by motivated people.___45____Enough exercise and a balanced diet can help you to develop a healthy lifestyle, thus enabling you to have more energy and help lift your spirits.A．To fight family laziness,set an example.B．Knowing how to fight laziness is important.C．One way to fight laziness is to get enough sleep.D．Finally,taking exercise regularly can help you fight laziness.E．With strong determination,you will be able to achieve your goal.F．Laziness sets in when you no longer feel in charge of your own life.G．Create a reward system for yourself,just as parents do for a child.十.（2023·福建福州·高一福建省福州第一中学校考期末）Kids'health：Four steps for fighting stressEverybody gets stressed from time to time.___46___Some ways of dealing with stress—like screaming or hitting someone—don't solve(解决)much.But other ways,like talking to someone you trust,can lead you to solving your problem or at least feeling better.Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed：(1)Get support.When you need help,reach out to the people who care about you.Talk to a trusted adult，such as a parent or other relatives.___47___They might have had similar problems，such as dealing with a test,or the death of a beloved pet.(2)Don't take it out on yourself.Sometimes when kids are stressed and upset they take itout on themselves.Oh,dear，that's not a good idea.Remember that there are always people to help you.Don't take it out on yourself.___48___(3)Try to solve the problem.After you're calm and you have support from adults and friends，it's time to get down to business.___49___Even if you can't solve all of it，you can solve a piece of it.(4)Be positive.Most stress is temporary(暂时的).Remember stress does go away,especially when you figure out the problem and start working on solving it.These steps aren't magic，but they do work.And if you can stay positive as you make your way through a tough time，you'll help yourself feel better even faster.___50___A．Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation.B．Notice your friends'feelings and find a way to help them.C．Different people feel stress in different ways.D．Ah,it feels so good when the stress is gone.E．You need to figure out what the problem is.F．And don't forget about your friends.G．Then,find a way to calm down.十一.（2023·湖北黄石·高一校联考期末）For most Americans,the weeks between Thanksgiving and New Year’s Day are a time when we’re eating more than we should.____51____The problem wasn’t really the small weight increase but that study participants never lost what theyput on during the holiday season.So,how do you avoid gaining weight without missing out on the holiday fun?There are several small changes we can make.We have to make time to exercise.With all the shopping that needs to be done and the holiday get-togethers,the first thing cut out of our schedules is often exercise.____52____Exercise not only burns off those holiday treats,it reduces our stress as well.____53____Allow yourself to enjoy the foods you really love,but choose wisely and watch your portion(份额)size.If you’ve looked forward to Aunt Sally’s Christmas cookies all year, have one.Mindful eating is the key.Take a small portion of your favorite dessert or high-caloriedish and then enjoy it.Try never to go to a holiday celebration hungry.When you are really hungry,you tend to eat more than you normally would.____54____Then you’ll find it easier to control how much you eat.Weigh yourself at least once a week on the same day,at the same time and on the same scale (称).It’s important to keep in mind that our weight can change because of salt intake or other factors.____55____A．Mind your table manners while eating.B．You don’t need to give up all of the holiday goodies.C．However,knowing your weight helps to keep you on track.D．Have a high-fiber,low-calorie snack before attending a party.E．A study found participants gained just over a pound during this time.F．Instead,this is the time we should put working out at the top of our to-do list. G．Researchers suggest people eat smaller meals more times during the course of the day.十二.（2023·湖北·高一华中师大一附中校考期末）Family Link has lots of advantages that may be favored by parents.Inside the app,you can create Google accounts for your children,sharing information like their names and birth dates.___56___,the device immediately requires you to log in and install the Family Link app onto the device so it can be monitored.____57____On the parent’s phone,by tapping on the child’s account profile you can follow a child’s location.You can also approve or reject apps that a child is trying to download.So if you’re worried about an addictive game,simply block the apps.Parents can also use Family Link to create restrictions for how children browse the web.You can turn on a filter(过滤器)that blocks bad websites,though Google acknowledges the filter is imperfect and some unpleasant sites may get past it.___58___,you can also require the child to get permission for each site visited,blocking the ones you disapprove of.___59___,which can be used to set limits for how long a child can use a phone each day.For instance,you could give the child three hours on weekdays.You can also schedule regular bedtime hours that lockdown the device at specific times.Caroline Knorr,the parenting editor of Common Sense Media,which evaluates content and products for families,applauded the screen time feature,noting the difficulty of getting children to put down their phones.___60___“It’s not a set-it-and-forget-it thing where parents think,”she said.“We’re all still learning this technology,and life is very unpredictable.”A．For a more picky approachB．It is going to solve all my problemsC．Then when your child logs in to a phoneD．From there,Family Link is a breeze to useE．Parents will probably love a feature called screen timeF．But sticking with time limits and schedules would be complicated G．Parents can also get a weekly report to see how often a child is using a certain app。
（完整版）“英语语言学”考试题型、课堂练习与答案（1）
（完整版）“英语语言学”考试题型、课堂练习与答案（1）各位好！请大家注意以下几点：1. 英语语言学期末考试及其补考的复习范围和题型一致；2. 收到此邮件，请在同学之间传阅；3. 本邮件内容有三：考试题型、参考问答题、课堂练习及其答案。
祝大家学习快乐！考试顺利！Examination Items考试题型上海外国语大学继续教育学院2014年第1学期英语本科五年级和专升本科三年级“语言学”期末试卷考试时间：60分钟班级____________ 学号____________ 姓名____________I. Fill in the blanks with suitable terms. (30%)II. Judge if the following statements are true or false. (30%)III. Choose any two of the following questions to answer. (40%)Questions for Reference参考问答题1. In what basic ways does modern linguistics differ from traditional grammar? (P6)2. Please differentiate the following pairs of terms.voicing and voiceless (P16)vowels and consonants (P18) aspirated and unaspirated (P18)phones and phonemes (P23)3. Give a brief account of the kinds of morphemes in English language with examples. (P33-36)4. Why is English rich in synonyms? And how can we classify them? (P66-68)Exercises and Key 课堂练习及其答案Practice 1 Introduction1.Linguistics is the scientific study of __________.2.__________ linguistics studies language change over various periods of time andat various historical stages while __________ linguistics studies language at one particular point of time.3.The __________ study of language studies the historical development of languageover a period of time, and it is a historical study.4.__________ and __________ are the two major media of linguisticcommunication.5.The distinction between __________ and parole was made by the Swiss linguist F.de Saussure in the early 20th century while the distinction between competence and _________ was proposed by the American linguist N. Chomsky in the late 1950s.6.Chomsky uses the term __________ to refer to the actual realization of a languageuser’s knowledge of the rules of his language in linguistic communication.7.Modern linguistics differs from traditional grammar in several different ways.Firstly, linguistics is __________ while traditional grammar is __________;Secondly, modern linguistics regards the spoken language as __________, not the written; Thirdly, modern linguistics differ from traditional grammar also in that it does not force languages intoa _________-based framework.8.As modern linguistics aims to describe and analyze the language people actuallyuse, and not to lay down rules for “correct” linguisticbehavior, it is said to be __________.9.The defining properties of human language are: creativity, __________,__________, __________, __________.10.The fact that different languages have different words for the same object is goodproof that human language is __________.11.Generally speaking, three main functions are often recognized of language: thedescriptive functions, the expressive function, and the __________ function. 12.According to the British linguist Halliday’s simpler system of language functions,the ideational function is to organize the speaker or writer’s experience of the real or imaginary world, and the __________ function is to indicate, establish, or maintain social relationship between people while the __________ function is to organize written or spoken texts in such a manner that they are coherent within themselves and fit the particular situation in which they are used.Practice 2 Introduction1.Modern linguistics regards the written language as primary, not the spoken.2.Speech and writing are the two major media of language. All languages in theworld today can be both spoken and written.3.The writing system of a language is always a later invention used to record speech;thus there are still many languages in today’s world that can only be spoken, but not written.4.Modern linguistics is mostly prescriptive, but sometimesdescriptive.5.With their respective distinction between langue and parole, and competence andperformance, both Saussure and Chomsky present the view that only the abstract structure of language can be studied systematically, but not its use.6.The distinction between langue and parole was proposed by the Swiss linguist F.de Saussure. Langue refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community while parole refers to the concrete use of conventions and rules, thus varying from person to person.7.An important difference between traditional grammarians and modern linguists intheir study of language is that the former tended to over-emphasize the written form of language and encourage people to imitate the “best authors” for language usage./doc/e412750833.htmlnguage can be studied both synchronically and diachronically. The twoapproaches are equally favored by modern linguists./doc/e412750833.htmlnguage is entirely arbitrary.10.Human capacity for language has a genetic basis, i.e. we are all born with theability to acquire language and the details of a language system are genetically transmitted.1.Phonetics is the study of the phonic medium of language. It has three branches:__________, __________ and auditory phonetics.2.The study of how people use their speech organs to produce speech sounds is ofgreat interest to those working in __________ phonetics.3.The articulatory apparatus of a human being contains three important areas(cavities): __________, __________ and nasal cavity.4.Of all the speech organs, the __________ is the most flexible.5.V oicing as a quality of speech sounds is caused by the vibration of __________ .6. A sound is __________ when its production is accompanied by a puff of breath.This is characteristic of the English voiceless stops in initial position, e.g. [pi:l]. 7.__________ transcription is the one required and used by the phoneticians in theirstudy of speech sounds.8.In terms of the place of articulation, the following sounds [t] [d] [s] [z] [n] sharethe feature __________.9.All the back vowels in English are pronounced with rounded lips except__________.10.__________ are produced by moving from one vowel position to another throughintervening positions.11.The orthographic representation of speech sounds with diacritics is normally notused in dictionaries and teaching textbooks.12.V oicing is a feature of all consonants and some vowels.13.In producing a vowel the air stream coming from the lungs meets with noobstruction whatsoever while in the production of a consonant it is obstructed in one way or another.14.The English stops include [p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g] [f] [v].15.All the English nasal consonants are voiced.16.With no exception all the front vowels in English are unrounded.17.With no exception all the back vowels in English are rounded.18.In English, long vowels are also tense vowels because when we pronounce a longvowel such as /i:/, the larynx is in a state of tension.19.Although the [l] sound is represented by the same symbol in the two combinationsof [li:f] and [fi:l], it is actually pronounced differently.20.If a Chinese speaker pronounces the /l/ sound in /fi:l/ not as a dark [], but as aclear [l], he will be misunderstood by a native speaker as saying something else.1.[p], and [p] are the __________ of the same phoneme /p/.2.The phonemic features that occur above the level of the segment are calledsuprasegmental features. They include __________, __________ and intonation.3.The tone, defined as pitch variation, is an important suprasegmental feature oftone languages such as __________.4.The negative prefix “in-” in English, when added to the adjective “possible”, isactually pronounced /im/, and spelt as “im-”. This is the result of the __________ rule at work.5.To form the present tense, 3rd person singular, of the verb “teach”, we have to add“-es”, instead of just “-s” to it. This is required by the __________rule of English.6. A general difference between phonetics and phonology is that phonetics is focusedon the production of speech sounds while phonology is more concerned with how speech sounds distinguish meaning.7. A phone is a phonetic segment while a phoneme is a phonological unit.8.Clear [l] and dark [] form the relation of complementary distribution for theyoccur in the same position in sound combinations and also distinguish meaning.9./p/ and /b/ in [ pit ] and [ bit ] are in contrastive distribution.10.Phonological rules are not language specific, i.e. once proved to be valid, they canbe applied to all languages.11.In English, if a word begins with a [l] or a [r], the next must be a vowel.12.The three voiceless stops /p/, /t/, /k/ are aspirated when preceded by /s/ andfollowed by a vowel./doc/e412750833.htmlually in the two-syllable words, the noun has the stress on the first syllable andthe corresponding verb has the stress on the second syllable.14.Stress is a suprasegmental feature that is exclusively used with words, not withsentences.15.Chinese is often cited as examples of typical tone language because tone plays animportant role in distinguishing meaning.1.is a branch of grammar which studies the internal structure of wordsand the rules by which words are formed.2.The morpheme “-vision” in the common word “television” is a(n)________morpheme.3.There are different types of morphemes. “-ed” in the word "lea rned" is known asa(n)__________ morpheme.4.The words that contain only one morpheme can be called ________ morphemes.5.The morphemes that cannot be used by themselves, but must be combined withother morphemes to form words are called morphemes.6.In English, nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and conjunctions make up the largestpart of the vocabulary. They are open classes.7.Such endings as “-ed”and “-ing” are called derivational morphemes because newgrammatical forms are derived by adding them to existing words.8.The meaning of a compound is not always the sum of the meanings of its parts.9. A compound is the combination of only two words.10.The word “carelessness” is a three-morpheme word formed by a free morpheme“care” + affix “-less” + affix “-ness”.11.The meaning of a compound is often idiomatic, not always being the sum total ofthe meanings of its components.12.The compound word “bookstore” is the place where books are sold. This indicatesthat the meaning of a compound is the sum total of the meanings of its components.13.Only words of the same parts of speech can be combined to form compounds.14.The part of speech of the compound is always determined by the part of speech ofthe second element, without exception.15.A compound can be written as one word with or withouta hyphen between itscomponents, or as two separate words. It is simply a matter of convention.1.Historically, different views have been suggested concerning the study of meaning.In our textbook, some views on semantics have been exemplified. They are naming things, __________, __________, __________ and mentalism.2.The naming theory was proposed by __________.3.Of the views concerning the study of meaning, the one in which meaning isexplained in terms of observable stimuli and responses made by participants in specific situations is referred to as __________.4.__________ is concerned with the inherent meaning if the linguistic form. It is thecollection of all the features of the linguistic form; it is abstract and decontextualized. __________ means what a linguisticform refers to in the real, physical world; it deals with the relationship between the linguistic element and the non-linguistic world of experience.5.Synonyms that are mutually substitutable under all circumstances are called__________ synonyms.6.C omplete Synonyms are classified into several kinds. The kind to which “girl”and “lass” belong is called __________ synonym.7.Antonyms are divided into several kinds. They are gradable antonyms,__________ antonyms and __________ opposites.8.“Cold” and “hot” are called __________ antonyms.9.__________ refers to a paradigmatic relation between a more specific, orsubordinate, lexeme and a more general, or superordinate, lexeme. This can be exemplified by such pairs as cow: animal; rose: flower.10.__________ refers to the phenomenon that the same word may have a set ofdifferent meanings. For example, “mouth” means “organ of body”, “entrance of cave” etc.11.“Lead” (metal) and “lead” (dog’s lead) are spelt in the same way, but pronounceddifferently. This is called __________.12.“Can I borrow your bike?”__________ “You have a bike.”13.__________ is an approach adopted by structural semanticists in describing themeaning of words.14.Predication analysis is a way to analyze __________ meaning.15.In terms of predication analysis, the utterance “Is it going to snow this afternoon?”is a __________ -place predication.1.Semantics can be simply defined as the study of meaning.2.The conceptualist view of meaning holds that there is no direct link between asymbol and reference, i.e. between language and thought.3.Linguistic forms having the same sense may have different references in differentsituations while linguistic forms with the same reference always have the same sense.4.“Site” and “sight”, “meat”and “meet”, “sow” and “sew” are in relationship ofhomography.5.English is rich in synonyms for historical reasons but complete synonyms, i.e.synonyms that are mutually substitutable under all circumstances, are rare.6.Dialectal synonyms can often be found in different regional dialects such asBritish English and American English, but cannot be found within the variety itself, for example, within British English or American English.7.There are different kinds of antonyms because words opposite in meaning do notcontrast each other only on a single dimension.8.The important criteria to distinguish polysemy from homonymy are the etymologyof the words in question and the closeness of the relationship between the meanings in question.9.An important difference between presupposition and entailment is thatpresupposition, unlike entailment, is not vulnerable to negation. That is to say, if a sentence is negated, the original presupposition is still true.10.A grammatically well-formed sentence is always semantically well-formed.Key to ExercisesPractice 1 Introduction1. language or languages in general2. Diachronic, synchronic3. diachronic4. Speech, writing5. langue, performance6. performance7. descriptive, prescriptive; primary; Latin8. descriptive9. arbitrariness, duality; displacement, cultural transmission10. arbitrary11. social12. interpersonal, textualPractice 2 Introduction1. F;2. F;3. T;4. F;5. T6. T;7. T;8. F;9. F; 10. FPractice 3 Phonetics1. articulatory phonetics, acoustic phonetics2. articulatory3. pharyngeal cavity, oral cavity4. tongue5. vocal cords6. aspirated7. Narrow8. alveolar9. []10. Diphthongs11. T; 12. F; 13. T; 14. F; 15. T16.T; 17. F; 18. T; 19. T; 20. FPractice 4 Phonology1. allophones2. stress, tone3. Chinese4. assimilation5. sequential6. T;7. T;8. F;9. T; 10. F11. T; 12. F; 13.T; 14. F. 15. TPractice 5 Morphology1. Morphology2. free3. inflectional4. free or root5. derivational;6. F;7. F;8. T;9. F; 10. T11. T; 12. F; 13. F; 14. F; 15. TPractice 6 Semantics1. conceptualism, contextualism, behaviorism2. Plato3. behaviorism4. Sense, Reference5. complete6. dialectal7. complementary, relational8. gradable9. Hyponymy10. Polysemy11. homonymy or homography12. presupposes13. Componential analysis14. sentence15. noPractice 7 Semantics1. T;2. F;3. F;4. F;5. T6. F;7. T;8. T;9. T; 10. F。
Case Study 会计学
说明：分组完成，每组必须完成其中的4个case（以PPT形式，case2必做），并按下列安排选择一个来做presentation，一组presentation时其他同学可自由发问即每组完成4个case，其中1个要做presentationChapter 1Case 1Sue Alejandro, president of Tobago Enterprises, applied for a $300,000 loan from First National Bank. The bank requested financial statements from Tobago Enterprises as a basis for granting the loan. Sue has told her accountant to provide the bank with a balance sheet. Sue has decided to omit the other financial statements because there was a net loss during the past year.In groups, discuss the following questions:1. Is Sue behaving in a professional manner by omitting some of the financial statements?2.a. What types of information about their businesses would owners be willing to provide bankers? What types of information would owners not be willing to provide?b. What types of information about a business would bankers want before extending a loan?c. What common interests are shared by bankers and business owners?Chapter 4 & 5Case 2Compare the balance sheets and income statement of two different companies, and present to the class a summary of the similarities and differences of the two companies.Case 3Refer to the opening feature about Sseko Designs. Assume that Liz Forkin Bohannon reports current annual sales at approximately $1 million and prepares the following income statement.SSEKO DESIGNSIncome StatementFor Year Ended January 31, 2014Net sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . $1,000,000Cost of sales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . ….. . . . . 610,000Expenses (other than cost of sales) . . . …… . . . . . 200,000Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . … . . . . . . . $ 190,000Liz Forkin Bohannon sells to individuals and retailers, ranging from small shops to large chains. Assume that she currently offers credit terms of 1/15, n/60, and ships FOB destination. To improve her cash flow, she is considering changing credit terms to 3/10, n/30. In addition, she proposes to change shipping terms to FOB shippingpoint. She expects that the increase in discount rate will increase net sales by 9%, but the gross margin ratio (and ratio of cost of sales divided by net sales) is expected to remain unchanged. She also expects that delivery expenses will be zero under this proposal; thus, expenses other than cost of sales are expected to increase only 6%. Required1. Prepare a forecasted income statement for the year ended January 31, 2015, based on the proposal.2. Based on the forecasted income statement alone (from your part 1 solution), do you recommend that Liz implement the new sales policies? Explain.3. What else should Liz consider before deciding whether or not to implement the new policies? Explain.Chapter 6 Cost of Merchandise inventoryCase 4The following is an excerpt from a conversation between Brad Hass and Terry Fauck. Brad is debating whether to buy a stereo system from Radiant Sound, a locally owned electronics store, or Audio Pro Electronics, a mail-order electronics company. Brad: Terry, I don’t know what to do about buying my new stereo.Terry: What’s the problem?Brad: Well, I can buy it locally at Radiant Sound for $395.00. However, Audio Pro Electronics has the same system listed for $399.99.Terry: So what’s the big deal? Buy it from R adiant Sound.Brad: It’s not quite that simple. Audio Pro said something about not having to pay sales tax, since I was out-of-state.Terry: Yes, that’s a good point. If you buy it at Radiant Sound, they’ll charge you 6% sales tax.Brad: But Audio Pro Electronics charges $12.50 for shipping and handling. If I have them send it next-day air, it’ll cost $25 for shipping and handling.Terry: I guess it is a little confusing.Brad: That’s not all. Radiant Sound will give an additional 1% discount if I pay cash. Otherwise, they will let me use my MasterCard, or I can pay it off in three monthly installments.Terry: Anything else???Brad: Well . . . Audio Pro says I have to charge it on my MasterCard. They don’t accept checks.Terry: I am not surprised. Many mail-order houses don’t accept checks.Brad: I give up. What would you do?Required1. Assuming that Audio Pro Electronics doesn’t charge sales tax on the sale to Brad, which company is offering the best buy?2. What might be some considerations other than price that might influence Brad’s decision on where to buy the stereo system?Chapter 8 CashCase 5The records of Lumberjack Company indicate a July 31 cash balance of $9,806.05, which includes undeposited receipts for July 30 and 31. The cash balance on the bank statement as of July 31 is $6,004.95. This balance includes a note of $4,000 plus $240 interest collected by the bank but not recorded in the journal. Checks outstanding on July 31 were as follows: No. 670, $781.20; No. 679, $610; No. 690, $716.50; No. 1996, $127.40; No. 1997, $520; and No. 1999, $851.50.On July 3, the cashier resigned, effective at the end of the month. Before leaving on July 31, the cashier prepared the following bank reconciliation:Subsequently, the owner of Lumberjack Company discovered that the cashier had stolen an unknown amount of undeposited receipts, leaving only $5,000 to be deposited on July 31. The owner, a close family friend, has asked your help in determining the amount that the former cashier has stolen.Required1. Determine the amount the cashier stole from Lumberjack Company. Show your computations in good form.2. How did the cashier attempt to conceal the theft?3. a. Identify two major weaknesses in internal controls, which allowed the cashier to steal the undeposited cash receipts.b. Recommend improvements in internal controls, so that similar types of thefts of undeposited cash receipts can be prevented.Chapter 9Case 6Rakia Reynolds of Skai Blue Media is introduced in the chapter’s opening feature. Rakia has a client that currently sells his products through multiple outlets. The client asks Rakia for guidance as he is considering two possible plans, A or B, for expanding sales for his merchandising company.Plan A. The client would begin selling additional products online directly to customers, which are only currently sold directly to stores. These new online customers would use their credit cards. It currently has the capability of selling through its website with no additional investment in hardware or software. Credit sales are expected to increase by $250,000 per year. Costs associated with this plan are: cost of these sales will be $135,500, credit card fees will be 4.75% of sales, and additional recordkeeping and shipping costs will be 6% of sales. These online sales will reduce the sales to stores by $35,000 because some customers will now purchase items online. Sales to stores have a 25% gross margin percentage.Plan B. The client would expand its market to more stores. It would make additional credit sales of $500,000 to those stores. Costs associated with those sales are: cost of sales will be $375,000, additional recordkeeping and shipping will be 4% of sales, and uncollectible accounts will be 6.2% of sales.Required1. Compute the additional annual net income or loss expected under (a) Plan A and (b) Plan B.2. Should the client pursue either plan? Discuss both the financial and nonfinancial factors relevant to this decision.。
雅思阅读case study
雅思阅读case studyEnglish Version:Title: Case Study - Tourism New Zealand WebsiteTourism New Zealand's website serves as a comprehensive platform that showcases the country's diverse tourism offerings. The website is designed to engage both local and international visitors, providing a wealth of information on attractions, activities, and travel packages tailored to different interests and preferences。
The website features a variety of interactive tools that allow users to plan their trips efficiently. One of the standout features is the 'Travel Planner', which assists users in organizing their itineraries and suggesting routes and public transport options between various destinations. This tool is particularly useful for those who wish to explore the country's natural beauty and cultural heritage。
何凯文考研英语长难句精讲完备讲义(完美打印版)
考研英语长难句突破讲义适用对象：考研学子，四级，六级英语学习或相当者。
课程目的：打破英语阅读学习的幻觉，真正获得一扇通向别样美丽世界的窗户，人生从此再无长难句。
为英语写作夯实基础。
课程安排：方法论讲解；难句解析；考试实战演练第一部分方法论讲解引子我们为什么要精读句子1.精读能力的要求（消除障碍的阅读）自由笔记区目标：准确【重要】精读2．泛读能力的要求（广泛获取信息的阅读）目标：快速技能：高职阅读的实际过程是什么知识：本科Input（英文）-mind（句子层面）-output（中文）思维：研究生思想：博士阅读在句子层面的障碍1．含义2．语序简单句的障碍来源简单句：只有一套谓语的句子基本句型包括：主+谓，主+谓+宾，主+谓+双宾，主+谓+宾+宾补，主+系+表定语，状语，同位语，插入语简单句的障碍识别及处理方法定语：在句子中修饰名词的成分problem-定义-细化-solution（思维方式）前置定语：adj+名词后置定语：形容词短语：形容词+介词+名词this is a book useful for your futureVing a woman walked on the roadVed a painting painted by Janen. + to do a way to solve the problem介词短语：介词+名词a bottle of water on the table表语形容词：alive a cat alive 解决方案：前置P．S：I want to be part of something big. Something属于不定代词。
【不定代词定语置后】定语从句（不属于简单句范畴）关系代词：人称代词：who whom which that as +非完整句引导词物主代词：whose +完整句关系连（副）词：where why when how +完整句介词+关系代词：1宾语+非完整句 This is the expert/( to whom )we are turning.2状语+完整句 There is something([ by the virtue of] which)(指代something) the man is the man . 3定语+完整句 There are a lot of problems (of which )the fetching fresh water is the forest. 【 1拆分 2找指代 3定成分】同位语:在句子中和名词处于相同位置的成分。
英语法律案例研究40题
英语法律案例研究40题1. In a theft case, if the stolen item was found in the suspect's possession without a valid reason, it is considered as:A. EvidenceB. CircumstanceC. ProofD. Clue答案：C。
本题主要考查基础法律概念的理解。
选项A“Evidence”指的是可以用于证明某事的信息或材料。
选项B“Circumstance”强调的是事情发生的情况或环境。
选项C“Proof”表示确凿的证据，符合在这种情况下被视为证据的含义。
选项D“Clue”通常是指线索，还不足以成为确凿的证据。
2. When a person is accused of a crime, the burden of proof lies with:A. The accusedB. The prosecutorC. The judgeD. The jury答案：B。
在法律中，证明被告人有罪的责任在于检察官。
选项A 被告人通常是进行辩护。
选项C 法官负责主持审判和做出裁决。
选项D 陪审团负责决定被告人是否有罪。
3. A law that is no longer in effect is called:A. Valid lawB. Invalid lawC. Obsolete lawD. Current law答案：C。
选项A“Valid law”是有效的法律。
选项B“Invalid law”是无效的法律，通常指因违法等原因无效。
选项C“Obsolete law”指的是过时不再生效的法律。
选项D“Current law”是现行有效的法律。
4. In a court of law, a witness is required to tell the truth under:A. OathB. PromiseC. AgreementD. Contract答案：A。
07_The_Case_Study
QRM
Design Space
Control Strategy
Batch Release
© ICH, November 2010
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ICH Quality Implementation Working Group - Integrated Implementation Training Workshop
• QTPP: A prospective summary of the quality characteristics of a drug
product that ideally will be achieved to ensure the desired quality, taking into account safety and efficacy of the drug product. (ICH Q8 (R2))
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ICH Quality Implementation Working Group - Integrated Implementation Training Workshop
Case Study
Quality Target Product Profile
defines the objectives for development
Translation into Quality Target Product Profile (QTPP)
Identity, Assay and Uniformity Appearance, elegance, size, unit integrity and other characteristics Acceptable hydrolysis degradate levels at release, appropriate manufacturing environment controls Acceptable API PSD Dissolution
考点07状语从句(核心考点精讲精练)-备战2024年高考英语一轮复习考点帮(上海专用)(学生版)
考点07 状语从句（核心考点精讲精练）近3年真题考点分布【思维导图】【知识梳理】★九种状语从句梳理（时间、条件、原因、地点、目的、结果、方式、让步、比较）➢考点一、时间状语从句1．when，while和as引导的时间状语从句While some people are motivated by a need for success，others are motivated by a fear of failure.尽管有些人被成功的渴望所激励，但也有一些人却被失败的恐惧所激发。
As the average age of the population increases，there are more and more old people to care for.随着人口平均年龄的增长，有越来越多的老年人需要照顾。
2．表示“一……就……”的连词引导的时间状语从句(1)as soon as，the moment，the minute，the instant，immediately，directlyThe moment my aunt gained her diploma after four years of hard work，she was filled with joy.我阿姨苦读四年之后获得了文凭，那一刻她欣喜万分。
(2)在hardly...when...，no sooner...than...结构中，主句用过去完成时，than或when所在的从句用一般过去时。
I had hardly got to the office，when my wife phoned me to go back home at once.我刚到办公室，妻子就打电话让我回家。
3．before，since引导的时间状语从句(1) before表示“在……之前；还未……就……；还没有来得及……就……”。
常用句式：It will be/was＋一段时间＋before...过了……时间才……；It won't be/wasn't＋一段时间＋before...没过多久就……。
Case-Study商务英语案例分析
Case Study Of Kimsoong1.Background information of KimsoongKimsoong, a Korean car manufacturer, has its European headquarters near Paris. It has retail sales franchises in most European countries which not only sell cars and motor accessories but also have servicing facilities. The larger outlets also offer fast-fitting of tyres and exhausts, and deal in used cars.Over the last ten years Kimsoong, with its reputation for reliability at low prices, has build up market share at the lower end of the market. Their basic models include many”extras”which other manufacturers charge for. Kimsoong also makes large donations to environmental groups and is seen as an organization with a social conscience. Furthermore, its R&D Department is developing an “eco-car” which uses an alternative power source.Then set our focus on the whole car manufacturing market.For 2009, global vehicle sales remain in the midst of a precipitous fall-off, led by sharp declines in the mature markets of the United States, Western Europe and Japan. We project total cars produced at 51,971,328.In 2006 there were 49,886,549 passenger cars produced in the world, with an increase of 6.45% over the previous year. The increase for 2007 was more modest, and 2008 showed a decline. Analysts from various institutes had in fact pegged the year 2007 as the year which would end the 5-year cycle (2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006) of recordA third of all cars in the world is produced in the European Union (see chart below).China became the world’s third-largest car market in 2006, as car sales in China soared by nearly 40% to 4.1 million units. China should become the world’s second-largest car market by 2010, as low vehicle penetration, rising incomes, greater credit availability and falling car prices lift sales past those of Japan. Furthermore, vehicle penetration in China stands at only 24 vehicles per 1,000 people, compared with 749 vehicles per 1,000 people in the mature markets of the G7.It is estimated that over 600,000,000passenger cars travel the streets and roads of the world today.In the United States alone, 247,421,120 "highway" registered vehicles were counted in 2005, of which 136,568,083 passenger cars. (Bureau of Transportation Statistics U.S. Department of Transportation)So with the high development of car manufacture, we may face many difficulties. There are so many cars produced in the world, the only thing we can do to keep our position is to become more competitive in this market, or we’ll drive out by its high competition.2. Kimsoong customer profileCustomers are the god of our company, thus the survey of customers’ tastes and basic information is important for us to know better of our shortage, and we’ll also serve more people in the future and gain more profits. The following forms are information we have got from our customers.We can see that the majority of the customers are men who are under 30, they are employed. However, women between 31 and 50 who are self-employed have potential to buy our cars.Our repeated customers only occupy 15% of the whole. People who buy our cars are mostly middle income group. This is a hint that if we want to hold on to existing customers, we must produce cars that are affordable by middle income group. But to attract new customers we should provide different kinds of cars for differentAs the form shows, customers are not satisfied with our service. The competitor’s cars are better in performance and service. These are two main reasons that hinder us to maintain existing customers. The after-sale care is just fair. In a word, customers care more about their price, reliability, after-sales service, etc. We should improve our service and convince customers of the reliability of our cars at the same time.By collecting and analyzing customer profiles, we may conclude that we can make improvement by producing cars suit every age stage, providing reasonable price for middle income group, improving our after-sales service to hold on to existing customers. We should also create cars for women and for self-employed persons and even students. High level cars with high price will attract people of high income group. These may help gain more profits.3.ProblemFacing the intense competition, the company must remain unchanged with its reputation for reliability at low prices and has its excellent office workers and loyal customers, also the skill and cooperation are very important parts. The management should solve these problems.(1).Cutomer profilesThe company’s new strategy is to hold on to existing customers and increase customer loyalty. And the company also hope to develop a more accurate buyer profile. Customers are very important to a company. So the company should know about the customers well so that we can produce the products that fit the customers. Only in this way can our company make profits.(2). The excellent office workersThe excellent office workers in the company is also a big problem. For one hand, the younger office workers have much knowledge but a little experience; on the other hand ,the elder office wor kers don’t have as much knowledge as the young but they have enough experience. They are all excellent, but the company doesn’t ha ve enough money to hire both the young and the elder ones. So the problem is that the company should choose what kind of the officers they need by using less money to make more money.(3).Improving skillsImproving skills is also a big problem to the company. Because of the ever-accelerated science and technology, having a superb skill cansave cost and make profits.(4).CooperationLast but not the least, cooperation is very important to the company. But the company’s staffs are lack of the skills of grasping good communication. So if the company want to do better, they must promote social skills and competence.4.SolutionsAiming at the problems given above, we summarize some solutions to those problems:(1).Building up relationshipsTo builds up long-term customer relationships, thereby increasing profits.To establish long-term cooperation relations, the customer is one of the important factors that assure our company’s long-term and stable development. In the long-term cooperation relations, the company can not only improve enterprise image, enterprise credibility still can bring stability of the interests of the enterprise income. Only in this way, can the enterprise form a security capital chain. Additionally, through this long-term cooperation, we can build trust with each other and win good enterprise image, thus our company will expand more customer groups and win more profits.(2).Increasing customer loyaltyIncreasing customer loyalty is to guarantee the premise of enterprise sales. First, our company shall keep good communication with customers. The price for the customers must be given favorable; we can also use the gifts method to increase satisfaction. Cheap and good things will receive the love of consumers, so we should be radically improve the competitiveness of our enterprise, by improving product s’performance in all aspects so as to reduce the cost. Once the cost reduced, we will not only attract more customers to buy our cars, but also enhance our profit space, that is kill two birds with one stone. (3).Drawing up an accurate buyer profileEnterprise’s accurate understanding of his client group is very important. The company should not only know the customer's age distribution, but have an understanding of what kind of car sales good. At the same time, we must pay attention to customer s’feedback, make market surveys, know what kind of car our customers really want to buy. From these information we will realize our company’s deficiencies, so as to further improve their product, as well as theenterprise’s all aspects of operation.(4).Encouraging staffsTo encourage staffs to be more active in building up good customer relations.It is not enough to just have a good car, a good people who can promote it is necessary. So encourage staffs to establish good relationship with customers is very important. Nowadays, the consumer not only pays attention to the quality of the product itself, but is very concern about enterprise service attitude. First, the company shall encourage the staffs to work hard to establish a good relationship with their clients. For those who have outstanding performance , the company sales should give them full praise and encouragement. For those who not work hard, and have poor work performance, our company shall take appropriate punishment. Everyone must have crisis consciousness. Second, team spirit is very important. The common saying says more people, more powerful. Only we work together can we create more profits for our company.5.ConclusionFrom the report above, we can see that good customer relationships are very important for our further development. Only when we win our customers’ loyalty, can we gain more profits and make a good reputation. Thus, improvement of all aspects, including staff training, survey of customers and potential ones, change of disciplines and politics in our company and so on is of importance. We should also appreciate other competitors strengths and learn to use them for ourselves. I believe that our company will develop well in the future and attract more customers to buy our cars.。
Case-StudyPPT课件
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• of these establishments, two are privately owned and operated 在这些扩建产业中，有两间是私人经营的
• was awarded a Michelin Star for the excellence of the food 因烹饪食物的高超技艺曾被授予米其林一星级奖项
• two are company units 另外两间属于公司旗下
3/21/2020
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• two national Motorway Services operators have lodged local planning consent applications, which, may effectively double the available bed spaces 2家 全国高速公路服务店运营商已递交了当地业务计划的申 请书，很可能使得床位数量翻倍
3/21/2020
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• Three Assessment Tasks • Based on ONE Case Study (keep the copy) • You are allowed to bring 1 × A4 page of original notes
(200 - 250 words) into the assessment area • Only ONE page of notes will be allowable
3/21/2020
麦肯锡在线CaseStudy－－问题以及答案！！
Thank you for taking part in the On-Line Case Study. You will note tha t this exercise does not have the kind of latitude necessary to develop findings. Rather, we chose to focus on next steps in response to question eight. In a live case interview, however, you will be expected to derive specific findings based on your analysis. Interviewing techniques may vary depending on the office or practice you are applying to, but we hope this exercise has been useful in helping you prepare.To get a full copy of all the questions and answers (including yours) from the case study, click on the print icon.You can learn more about the possible exercises you may be asked to perform at your McKinsey interview by clicking on the Case Study Tips item in the navigation to the left.Good luck.On-Line Case Study Questions and AnswersQuestion 1Client Goal: Double the number of recruits while maintaining their quality with minimal increase in resources expendedOur client recruits graduating college seniors for entry-level positions in locations around the world. It currently hires and places 500 graduates per year but would like to triple in size over the next ten years while maintaining quality. Assume that the increase must all come from hiring graduating seniors. (In an actual case, you may not be given this and other assumptions unless you ask.)The client's current recruiting budget is $2 million annually, and while it is in a strong financial position, it would like to spend as few additional resources as possible on recruiting. McKinsey is advising the client on what steps it will need to take in order to meet its growth targets, while staying within its budge t constraints.Q: What levers does the organization have at its disposal to achieve its growth goal?A: Some possible levers are given below. It's terrific if you identified several of these and perhaps some others.∙Attract more applicants at the same cost∙Review the list of campuses targeted (e.g., optimize resource allocation across schools). The review may result in adding certain higher potential campuses andeliminating other ones tha t appear to have more limited potential.∙Review recruiting approach at each campus (e.g., optimize cost-effectiveness of messages and approaches at each school).∙Extend offers to a higher percentage of applicants while maintaining quality (e.g., reduce the number of people who are turned down who would have performed equally well in thejob)∙Improve acceptance rates among offerees (e.g., better communicate the benef its of the job relative to alternatives or improve the attractiveness of the job relative to alternatives)Question 2For the remainder of the discussion we'd like to focus on the two specific levers involving attracting more applicants at the same cost.∙Review the list of campuses targeted (e.g., optimize resource allocation across schools).The review may result in adding certain higher potential campuses and eliminating other ones that appear to have more limited potential.∙Review recruiting approach at each campus (e.g., optimize cost-effectiveness of messages and approaches at each school).Please note that if you identified different but equally valid levers, the interviewer would be able to assess them. But for the purpose of this case study, we a re going to focus on these two levers.Q: Ho w would you initially approach determining whether the client can increase hiring by adjusting the list of campuses targeted? What sort of analysis would you want to conduct and why?A: You might take the following approach, where we've outlined two avenues of analysis:∙Estimate the hiring potential across schools∙Analyze the number of hires by school over the last several years∙Develop a comprehensive list of schools that meet our requirements and a minimum set of standards for recruits∙Survey seniors at these schools to determine interest in an entry-level position with the client∙Consider the size of the graduating class at each school, determine how that class might be segmented (e.g., each class could be segmented by discipline orsegmented based on career interests in response to the survey), then calculatethe size of each segment∙Estimate the optimal cost-per-hire across schools∙Compare the current cost-per hire across schools∙Identify opportunities to decrease the cost-per-hire at each schoolHelpful TipYou may have a slightly different list. Whatever your approach, we love to see candidates come at a problem in more than one way, but still address the issue as directly and practically as pos sible. In giving the answer, it's useful if you are clear about how the results of the analysis would help to answer the original question posed.Question 3Twenty-five percent of the annual recruiting budget is spent on candidates (i.e., attracting, assessing, and getting them to accept). Twenty percent of hires are categorized as "most expensive" and have an average cost-per-hire of $2,000.Q: What is the average cost-per-hire of all other candidates? Remember that the client hires 500 students per year and its annual recruiting budget is $2 million (information that we hope you noted earlier).A: The answer is $750 per hire (or less than half the cost-per-hire of the "most expensive" candidates).Amount spent on the less expensive candidates:25% of $2 million budget = $500,000 spent on candida tes20% of 500 student = 100 students categorized as "most expensive"100 x $2,000 cost-per-hire = $200,000 spent on "most expensive" hires$500,000 recruiting budge t - $200,000 = $300,000 remaining for all other hiresThe number of less expensive candidates:500 hires - 100 = 400 "other hires"Cost-per-hire of the less expensive candidates:$300,000/400 =$750 per hireHelpful TipWhile you may find that doing a straightforward math problem in the contex t of an interview is a bit tougher, you can see that it is just a matter of breaking the problem down. We are looking for both your ability to set the analysis up properly and then to do the math in real time.Question 4Q: In order to decide whether to reduce costs at the least efficient schools (i.e., those with an average cost per hire of $2,000), what else would you want to know?A: Some of the possible answers are given below.Basic questions:∙What are the components of costs at these schools (why is it so expensive to recruit there)?∙What opportunities exist to reduce costs?∙How much cost savings would result from implementing each of the opportunities?∙What consequences would implementing each of these opportunities have on recruiting at the least efficient schools?Questions demonstrating further insight:∙Why is the cost lower at more efficient schools, and are there best practices in resource management that can be applied to the least efficient schools?∙If we reduce costs at the least efficient schools, what will we do with the cost savings (i.e., what would be the benefit of spending the money elsewhere vs. where it is currently being spent)?Helpful TipWe would not expect anyone to come up with all of these answers, but we hope some of your answers head in the same direction as ours. Yours may bring some additional insights. In either case, be sure that you can clearly explain how your question will bring you closer to the right decision.Question 5The McKinsey team conducts some analysis that indicates tha t increasing spending on blanket advertising (e.g., advertisements/flyers on campus) does not yield any significant increase in hires.Q: Given that increased blanket advertising spending seems to be relatively ineffective, and the client doesn't want to increase overall costs, what might be some other ideas for increasing the candidate pool on a specific campus?A: We are looking for at least a couple of answers like the ones given below:∙Improve/enhance recruiting messages (e.g., understand target candidate group, refocus message on this group, understand competitive dynamic on campus) ∙Utilize referrals (e.g., faculty, alumni)∙Come up with creative ways to target specific departments/clubs of the school∙Rethink advertising spending - while increasing blanket ad spending doesn't seem to work, advertising might still be the most efficient and effective way to increase the number of candidates if it is deployed in a more systematic, targeted wayHelpful TipThis question is a good one for demonstrating creativity because there's a long list of possible ideas. Additional insights into how a given idea would be approached and how much it would cost are helpful.Question 6For simplicity's sake, let's say we've conducted market research and found that there are two types of people on each campus, A and B. Historically, our client has also used two types of recruiting messages in its advertising. The first, called "See the World," gets one percent of type A studentsto apply, but three percent of type B students. The second, called "Pathway to Leadership," gets five percent of Type A students to apply, but only two percent of type B students.The chart below lists the breakdown of types A and B students at some of our major camp uses, and the message our client is using on campus.Q: Assuming there's no difference between the costs of each message, what can you tell me from this information?A: According to these numbers, the client should use the "Pathway to Leadership" message across all four universities. The "See the World" message is preferable only if more than 80% of the students at a given university are of type B.Helpful TipAn even more insightful response would mention that the ultimate answer depends on the cost of each message, whether the cost increases depending on the number of students at the campus, and how interested we are in students of Type A vs. Type B (e.g., will one type be more likely than the other to get an offer and to be successful on the job). One could imagine using both messages on some campuses if the additional cost were justified by the resulting increase in hires.Question 7University 4 graduates 1,000 seniors each year.Q: How many new candidates might be generated by changing the recruiting message at University 4 to Pathway to Leadership?A: The answer is 20 candidates (i.e., an increase of over 100%).Number of each type of student at University 4:1,000 seniors x 60% = 600 Type A students1,000 seniors x 40% = 400 Type B studentsCandidates attracted be See the World message:(1% x 600) + (3% x 400) = 18 candidatesCandidates attracted by Pathway to Leadership message:(5% x 600) + (2% x 400) = 38 candidatesIncrease in candidates resulting from change in message:38 - 18 = 20 more candidates (an increase of over 100%)Question 8Q: What sort of next steps should we tell our client we'd like to take based on what we have discussed today?A: The ability to come to a logical, defensible synthesis based on the information availabl e at any point in an engagement is critical to the work we do. Even though we'd consider ourselves to be very early in the overall project at this point in the case, we do want to be able to share our current perspective. The ideal answer would include the following points:FINDINGS∙There appears to be an opportunity to significantly increase total applicants of the same quality that we are getting today at the same or reduced cost:∙Increasing blanket advertising is ineffective and costly, but changing theadvertising message on some campuses could increase applicants significantlywithout increasing costs. At one of the campuses we've looked at, University 4,the number of applicants would go up more than 100 percent∙The cost-per-hire varies dramatically from school to school. This suggests that there may be opportunities to reduce costs in certain places or reallocateresources more efficientlyNEXT STEPS∙We plan to explore further ideas for increasing quality applica tions by changing the mix of schools, beginning with a more detailed review of the opportunities to reduce costs at certain schools∙After looking at levers to increase total applicants, we will be analyzing opportunities to improve the offer rate (i.e., ensure we're not turning down quality applicants) and to increase the acceptance rate∙We will examine additional methods for attracting more applications from our current campuses (e.g., referrals, clubs) in addition to assessing the impact of improved messaging on campus。
什么是案例研究 What is a Case study 英语作文论文写作技巧
什么是案例研究What is a Case studyThings you should knowabout itIn today’s education system, the whole academic process basically asks for creativity and productivity from the students. Our complete coursework involves assignment writing, dissertation writing and other stuff which demands hard research work from the students. The main purpose of these activities is to bring out the research skills and draw their interest in their course. Many new students who are clueless or lack research skills take help fromthe assignment help online services. These services make their work easier while saving a lot of their time. However, a student can show up their interest by adopting different research methods in their assignment or dissertation writing. One of them is- the Case study. But many of us might wonder, what is a case study? It is the best research method to demonstrate the efficiency in your research work. But very few of us knows about its importance.Hence in this article, I am hereby introducing you all with the necessary things about the Case study, such as:What is a Case studyImportance of Case study researchTypes of case studyHow to write a case studyWhat is a Case Study?Once Charles Horton Cooley in his research paper “The life-study method as applied to rural social research” defined the Case study method as:“Case study depends on our perception and gives clear insight into life directory.”A case study is a research methodology in which the researcher aims at the intensive study of a group or unit to draw a general conclusion out of it. It is also known as“research strategy,” a specific inquiry of a phenomenon in real- life context. This research method was first introduced in 1829 by an French sociologist-Frederic Le Play. The popularity of case study format has increased in the recent decades. As the word says, the research focuses on a real-life case, describes its problems, and gives a detailed analysis of how the problem is being solved in a sequential process.Case study method is a descriptive analysis of people, group, event or policies that are studied by using one or more processes. In this method, the researcher takes up an incident from real life context and goes for an in-depth investigation to find out the possible solution to the problem highlighted in the case study example. Theresearcher focuses on a single case to make detailed observations over a longer period. This is not possible with larger samples without investing lots of money. However, the case study seems quite economical comparatively.Importance of Case study ResearchBe it any subject like- Law, Medicine, Business, or Science; case study research plays a vital role in presenting best assignment or thesis to your professor. In online assignment help services, the writing experts use case studies to present the research work in an impressive way.Learning from real-life scenariosCase studies presents examples from real life scenarios. Hence it gives a realistic and complexfeeling to the readers. This real-life situation helps the readers to connect themselves with the situation and inspires to find out a solution in their real-life situations.As the case is discussed in the classroom, it gives an opportunity to the student to evoke their problem-solving technique to find out different solutions for that particular problem.It focuses on the customersCase studies are meant to do in-depth research to gather information about a specific group, unit or person specific. Hence, with case study examples customers or readers can get detailed information about the particular subject or topic.It demonstrates successin the case study, the researcher gives explicitly detail about everything. He/she goes forward to highlight the problem in a specific case and then describes each step to solve it. Hence it gives a chance to demonstrate success in stressful situations.It is comprehensiveUnlike the other research methods, Case study research gives an opportunity to the researcher to use various tools and techniques to get a solution to the problem discussed in the case. Hence this gives time and space to the researcher to think on the topic from every aspect.Hence, until now you got to know what is a case study and its importance. Let’s read further to know about its types.Types of Case studyA case study is quite useful for the researcher in their early stage, as it gives them an opportunity to explore different ideas, methods, and instruments, and to prepare for a more extensive study. In modern times, case study research is popular not only in the field of sociology, but also in the fields of psychology, education, political science, anthropology, and clinical science.However, different fields opt for different types of case study. Majorly there are four types of case studies, which as follows:Illustrative Case studiesThis type of case study is mainly descriptive in nature. In this method, the researcher takes up one or two instances from an event to show the set of circumstances and processes that are possible in similar kind of situations. This Case study method is used to make people aware of any situation, which is not well known to them.Exploratory (or pilot) Case studiesThe Exploratory case study primarily focuses on identifying the questions and helps the researcher to choose the method that would be useful, prior to the initial investigation. This method is useful in implementing on a large scale investigation.This type of case study is commonly preferred in Psychology and Social science. The psychologists try to innovate new methods to help their patients, and hence prefer exploratory case study to find out new theories and ideas.Cumulative Case studiesThis type of case study collects the information from different sources to formulate the case for a new study. The main purpose of this study is that the past studies allow them additional information for their new case without spending much time, efficiency and money on the additional study.For instance, suppose a researcher wants to work on the topic- “what type of behaviour makes animals comfortable with a veterinarian?”In order to draw a conclusion or sketch out the perfect answer for the question, the researcher would take up some 4-5 real cases. These cases would describe how a vet behaved with their patient. Hence the researcher can easily find out the possible answer for his/her research question. Eventually, this type of research can uncover the differences as well.Critical Instance Case studiesThis Case study method is used when the researcher wants to challenge a commonly set up assumption which can be wrong but cannot get proved due to the lack of critical understanding. It is used to examine the problems that accumulate into larger issues. This method is also useful if there is somespecial or unique event which got a special interest of the researcher.Before selecting the type of case study for your research work, it is essential to identify your purpose, goal, and approach to conduct sound and successful research. However, this sometimes may feel difficult for you. Hence, it is advisable to seek help from online websites who offer the best case study service to the folks. The writing experts are proficient in selecting the best suitable case study research method for your topic.How to write a case studyThere are few questions which are quite common among the new researchers. They find it difficult to find out general things about thecase study. I have tried to clear a few things about what is a case study and case study template. Now in this section, I am going to discuss how to write a case study. Here are few steps which you need to follow while writing a case study:1. Determine the case study typeAs we discussed in the above section, you are now acquainted with the different types of case studies. Every other field requires a different type of case study research. Hence you must determine the type of research work you are going to take. Before deciding the type of case study you want to demonstrate, it is essential for you to know what is a case study and what type of case study is suitable for your research work.2. Determine the topic for your case studyNow as you have chosen the type of case study, you should further move to decide your topic. Make sure that the topic is relatable to your subject, and you can find enough sources to help yourself in your research work.3. Follow the case study templateOnce you determine the topic for your case study, you need to follow the following case study format:Title pageThis section contains the title of your work, the name of the author and institution. In general, itlet the readers acknowledge your name and the topic of your research.AbstractThere are two types of abstract- narrative and structured.Thenarrative abstract is the summary of the whole research work. It is presented to give an idea about the content of the research work to the readers.Thestructured abstract is used in scientific studies.IntroductionThis is the first section. Hence the section provides an idea about the topic that is going to be discussed in the research work. It gives a clue in such an interesting way that it tempts the reader to go through the whole work. You can start with introducing the topic. Suppose you are writing on “Different types of ca se in Social sciences.” You can open the research work with a question such as- what is a case study? This will bring the curiosity in the minds of the readers and they will further go through your research work.PresentationHere the researcher presents the raw information he/she has collected during the case study.OutcomesHere the researcher comes up with a plan on how the problem discussed in the topic should be treated.ConclusionsIt is the last section, where the researcher gives his/her own thoughts about the problem discussed and his perception towards it.ReferencesThis section includes the name of the sources which helped you out during the case study method.Hence in this article, we discussed several basic things about the case study, beginning from what is a case study to its importance and types of the case study. I hope this will help you with your research work. Case study format could be a better option for those who can easily process information and can analyze the case study format to understand how it works. It will take less time and efforts for a researcher to complete the assignment quickly. There are several websites which provide service to new researchers to let them complete their case study research. However, if you want to write a case study on your own, you must go through the tips and techniques that are necessary for it.。
2020国家开放大学人文英语边学边练6-2答案
2020国家开放大学人文英语边学边练6-2答案1、--I can’t watch TV after school.--I can’t, _______. [单选题] *A. alsoB. tooC. either(正确答案)D. so2、Allen is looking forward to _______ his American partner at the trade fair. [单选题] *A. meetB. meeting(正确答案)C. be meetingD. having meeting3、They took _____ measures to prevent poisonous gases from escaping. [单选题] *A.efficientB.beneficialC.validD.effective(正确答案)4、51．People usually ________ the prices before they buy something. [单选题] * A．receiveB．payC．spendD．compare(正确答案)5、I have seldom seen my father（）pleased with my progress as he is now. [单选题] *A. so(正确答案)B. veryC. tooD. rather6、Will you please say it again? I _______ you. [单选题] *A. didn’t hear(正确答案)B. don’t heardC. didn’t heardD. don’t hear7、I like booking tickets online，because it is _______. [单选题] *A. boringC. convenient(正确答案)D. expensive8、—Can you play tennis? —______, but I’m good at football.（）[单选题] *A. Yes, I can(正确答案)B. Yes, I doC. No, I can’tD. No, I don’t9、He _______ getting up early. [单选题] *A. used toB. is used to(正确答案)C. is usedD. is used for10、58．—How much is Lucy's skirt?—She________320 yuan for it. I think it's a little dear. [单选题] *A．tookB．paid(正确答案)C．spent11、Some people were born with a good sense of direction. [单选题] *A. 听觉B. 方向感(正确答案)C. 辨别力D. 抽象思维12、—What can I do for you? —I ______ a pair of new shoes.（）[单选题] *A. likeB. would lookC. would like(正确答案)D. take13、73．（）about the man wearing sunglasses during night that he was determined to follow him．[单选题] *A. So curious the detective wasB.So curious was the detective(正确答案)C.How curious was the detectiveD.How curious the detective was14、It’s windy outside. _______ your jacket, Bob. [单选题] *A. Try onB. Put on(正确答案)C. Take offD. Wear15、It’s raining outside. Take an _______ with you. [单选题] *A. cashB. life ringC. cameraD. umbrella(正确答案)16、You _____ smoke in the library, or you will be driven away. [单选题] *A. can'tB. mustn't(正确答案)C. will notD. may not17、Whatever difficulties you have, you should not _______ your hope. [单选题] *A. give inB. give outC. give up(正确答案)D. give back18、—What’s wrong with you, Mike?—I’m really tired because I studied for today’s test ______ midnight last night. （）[单选题] *A. althoughB. unlessC. until(正确答案)D. so that19、Obviously they didn’t see the significance of the plan. That is（）the problem lies. [单选题] *A. where(正确答案)B. whyC. /D. how20、____ father is a worker. [单选题] *A.Mike's and Mary'sB. Mike and Mary's(正确答案)C. Mike's and MaryD. Mike and Marys'21、She spoke with a strong Scottish（）[单选题] *A. speechB. accent(正确答案)C.voiceD. sound22、The street was named _____ George Washington who led the American war for independence. [单选题] *A. fromB. withC. asD. after(正确答案)23、I often _______ music from the Internet. [单选题] *A. download(正确答案)B. spendC. saveD. read24、—Who came to your office today, Ms. Brown?—Sally came in. She hurt ______ in P. E. class. （）[单选题] *A. sheB. herC. hersD. herself(正确答案)25、Mary is interested ______ hiking. [单选题] *A. onB. byC. in(正确答案)D. at26、A lot of students in our school were born _______ March, 1 [单选题] *A. in(正确答案)B. atC. onD. since27、62．--There is? ? ? ? ? sale on in the shop today. Let’s go together.--Please wait? ? ? ? ? ?minute. I’ll finish my homework first. [单选题] *A．a; theB．a; a(正确答案)C．the; aD．the; the28、Nowadays more and more people travel by _______, because its safe, cheap and fast. [单选题] *A. footB. bikeC. high-speed train(正确答案)D. boat29、The bookshop is far away. You’d better _______. [单选题] *A. by the busB. by busC. take busD. take?the bus(正确答案)30、--Do you know _______ girl with long curly hair?--Yes. She is Mary. She plays _______ piano very well. [单选题] *A. a; /B. the; /C. the; the(正确答案)D. a; the。
Unit-7-The-Chaser课文翻译综合教程三
Unit-7-The-Chaser课文翻译综合教程三Unit 7The ChaserJohn Henry Collier1 Alan Austen, as nervous as a kitten, went up certain dark and creaky stairs in the neighborhood of Pell Street, and peered about for a long time on the dim hallway before he found the name he wanted written obscurely on one of the doors.2 He pushed open this door, as he had been told to do, and found himself in a tiny room, which contained no furniture but a plain kitchen table, a rocking-chair, and an ordinary chair. On one of the dirty buff-coloured walls were a couple of shelves, containing in all perhaps a dozen bottles and jars.3 An old man sat in the rocking-chair, reading a newspaper. Alan, without a word, handed him the card he had been given. “Sit down, Mr. Austen,” said the old man very politely.“I am glad to make your acquaintance.”4 “Is it true,” asked Alan, “that you have a certain mixture that has … er … quite extraordinary effects?”5 “My dear sir,” replied the old man, “my stock in trade is not very large —I don’t deal in laxative s and teething mixtures — but such as it is, it is varied. I think nothing I sell has effects which could be precisely described as ordinary.”6 “Well, the fact is …” began Al an.7 “Here, for example,” interrupted the old man, reaching for a bottle from the shelf. “Here is a liquid as colourless as water, almost tasteless, quite imperceptible in coffee, wine, or any otherbeverage. It is also quite imperceptible to any known method of autopsy.”8 “Do you mean it is a poison?” cried Alan, very muc h horrified.9 “Call it a glove-cleaner if you like,” said the old man indifferently. “Maybe it will clean gloves. I have never tried. One might call it a life-cleaner. Lives need cleaning sometimes.”10 “I want nothing of that sort,” said Alan.11 “Probably it is just as well,” said the old man. “Do you know the price of this? For one teaspoonful, which is sufficient, I ask five thousand dollars. Never less. Not a penny less.”12 “I hope all your mixtures are not as expensive,” said Alan apprehensively.13 “Oh dear, no,” said the old man. “It would be no good charging that sort of price for a love potion, for example. Young people who need a love potion very seldom have five thousand dollars. Otherwise they would not need a love potion.”14 “I am glad to hear that,” said Alan.15 “I look at it like this,” said the old man. “Please a customer with one article, and he will come back when he needs another. Even if it is more costly. He will save up for it, if necessary.”16 “So,” said Alan, “you really do sell love potions?”17 “If I did not sell love potions,” said the old man, reaching for another bottle, “I should not have mentioned the other matter to you. It is only when one is in a position to oblige that one can afford to be so confidential. “18 “And these potions,” said Alan. “They are not just … just … er …”19 “Oh, no,” said the old man. “Their effects are permanent, and extend far beyond the mere casual impulse. Butthey include it. Oh, yes they include it. Bountifull y, insistently. Everlastingly.”20 “Dear me!” said Alan, attempting a look of scientific detachment. “How very interesting!”21 “But consider the spiritual side,” said the old man.22 “I do, indeed,” said Alan.23 “For indifference,” said the old man, “they substitute devotion. For scorn, adoration. Give one tiny measure of this to the young lady —its flavour is imperceptible in orange juice, soup, or cocktails —and however gay and giddy she is, she will change al together. She will want nothin g but solitude and you.”24 “I can hardly believe it,” said Alan. “She is so fond of parties.”25 “She will not like them anymore,” said the old man. “She will be afraid of the pretty girls you may meet.”26 “She will actually be jealous?” cried Alan in a rapture. “Of me?”27 “Yes, she will want to be everything to you.”28 “She is, already. Only she doesn’t care about it.”29 “She will, when she has taken this. She will care intensely. You will be her sole interest in life.”30 “Wonderful!” cried Alan.31 “She will want to know all you do,” said the old man. “All that has happened to you during the day. Every word of it. She will want to know what you are thinking about, why you smile suddenly, why you are looking sad.”32 “That is love!” cried Alan.33 “Yes,” said the old man. “How carefully she will look after you! She will never allow you to be tired, to sit in a draught, to neglect your food. If you are an hour late, she will be terrified.She will think you are killed, or that some siren has caught you.”34 “I can hardly imagine Diana like that!” cried Alan, overwhelmed with joy.35 “You will not have to use your imagination,” said the old man. “And, by the way, since there are always sirens, if by any chance you should, later on, slip a little, you need not worry. She will forgive you, in the end. She will be terribly hurt, of course, but she will forgive you —in the end.”36 “That will not happen,” said Alan fervently.37 “Of course not,” said the old man. “Bu t, if it d id, you need not worry. She would never divorce you. Oh, no! And, of course, she will never give you the least, the very least, grounds for —uneasiness.”38 “And how much,” said Alan, “is this wonderful mixture?”39 “It is not as dear,” said the old man, “as the glove-cleaner, or life-cleaner, as I sometimes call it. No. That is five thousand dollars, never a penny less. One has to be older than you are, to indulge in that sort of thing. One has to save up for it.”40 “But the love potion?” said Alan.41 “Oh, that,” said the old man, opening the drawer in the kitchen table, and taking out a tiny, rather dirty-looking phial. “That is just a dollar.”42 “I can’t tell you how grateful I am,” said Alan, watching him fill it.43 “I like to oblige,” said the old man. “Then customers come back, later in life, when they are better off, and want more expensive things. Here you are. You will find it very effective.”44 “Thank you again,” said Alan. “Good-bye.”45 “Au revoir,” said the man.解酒水艾伦·奥斯丁，紧张得像只小猫，心里七上八下、忐忑不安的进了裴尔街区的一个楼道，黑乎乎的楼梯咯吱咯吱直响。
跨文化交际案例case study 1
Chapter 1 Social Interaction: Joining in Parties and DinnersCase1Erica goes to a small dinner party to which she and a friend have been invited. Her host, Mrs. Penny meets them at the door of her home.Penny: Hello, Erica. Welcome. Please come in.Erica: Thank you. John, I’d like to introduce Mrs. Penny Roberts. Penny, this is my friend John Pernot.Penny: Hello, John. Welcome.John: Hello, Mrs. Roberts.Penny: Plesse call me Penny. Now do come inside and sit down.分析：在介绍时，先介绍谁是有些规矩的，弄不好会产生误会。
但学起来并不难。
一般的规矩是：首先介绍女性，男女主人，来宾或不太熟的人。
Case2Erica: Professor Honda, may I introduce my classmate Steven Jacobs.Steven, this is my professor of literature.Prof: Nice to meet you, Steven.Steven: Thank you. It’s a pleasure to meet you, Professor Honda. Etica has talked a lot about you.Porf: All good, I hope.分析：在西方，将较年轻的人介绍给年纪较大的人以表示对后者的尊重。
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Case Study
International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use
• Initial risk assessment of unit operations
• Quality by Design assessment of selected unit
operations
© ICH, November 2010
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ICH Quality Implementation Working Group - Integrated Implementation Training Workshop
© ICH, November 2010
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ICH Quality Implementation Working Group - Integrated Implementation Training Workshop
Case Study
Purpose of Case Study
This case study is provided as an example to help illustrate the concepts and integrated implementation of approaches described in ICH Q8, Q9 and Q10. It is not intended to be the complete information on development and the manufacturing process for a product that would be presented in a regulatory filing, but focuses mainly on Quality by Design aspects to facilitate training and discussion for the purposes of this workshop.
- Full Sakura case study can be found at
http://www.nihs.go.jp/drug/DrugDiv-E.html
• Alignment between API and drug product
compression
- API Particle size and drug product dissolution - Hydrolytic degradation and dry granulation /direct
© ICH, November 2010
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ICH Quality Implementation Working Group - Integrated Implementation Training Workshop
Case SБайду номын сангаасudy
Organization of content
• Quality Target Product Profile (QTPP) • API properties and assumptions • Process and Drug product composition overview
Case Study
Technical Examples
Process focus Quality attribute focus
- Particle size control - Assay and content uniformity - Dissolution
• API
• Drug Product
Note: this example is not intended to represent the preferred or required approach
© ICH, November 2010 slide 3
ICH Quality Implementation Working Group - Integrated Implementation Training Workshop
Case Study
Basis for Development Information
• Fictional active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) • Drug product information is based on the „Sakura‟
Tablet case study
- Final crystallization step - Blending - Direct compression
API Crystallization
Blending
Compression
Real Time Release testing
(Assay, CU, Dissolution)
© ICH, November 2010
ICH Quality Implementation Working Group - Integrated Implementation Training Workshop
Case Study
Disclaimer
The information within this presentation is based on the ICH Q-IWG members expertise and experience, and represents the views of the ICH Q-IWG members for the purposes of a training workshop.
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ICH Quality Implementation Working Group - Integrated Implementation Training Workshop