Lesson_8_Optical_Systems_Working_with_multimode_components
外研版选修八M5课时讲义
外研版选修八M5课时讲义外研版选修八M5课时讲义课堂导入在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
1．He describes the moment ________ “one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind”．答案：as2．Ever since Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon back on 21st July, 1969, people ________ (accustom) to the idea of space travel.答案：have become accustomed3．All three astronauts made ________ safely back to Earth.答案：it4．The aim of this flight was ________ (test) the new shuttle system.答案：to test10．Little ________ he know what impact he was going to make.答案：did知识讲解1accustomed adj.习惯的；通常的；惯常的Ever since Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon back on 21st July, 1969, people have become accustomed to the idea of space travel.(P58)自从1969年7月21日阿姆斯特朗第一次踏上月球以来，人们已经习惯了太空旅行这个想法。
(1)be accustomed to (doing) sth.＝be used to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事(状态)get/become accustomed to (doing) sth.＝get/become used to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事(动作)(2)accustom v t. 使……习惯于accustom oneself to (doing) sth. 使自己习惯(做)某事①[牛津双解]My eyes slowly grew accustomed to dark.我的眼睛慢慢适应了黑暗。
科学实验室光学实验台说明书
3B SCIENTIFIC® PHYSICSBasic Experiments in Optics on the Optical Bench U17145Instruction sheet05/11/ALF/MEC1. Overview of the Experiments Experiment 1: Demonstration of the various raybeamsExperiment 2: Reflection of a ray of light from aplane mirrorExperiment 3: Reflection of a light beam from aplane mirrorExperiment 4: Reflection of a light beam from aconcave or convex mirror Experiment 5: Snell's law of refraction Experiment 6: Refraction of light through aplaneparallel plateExperiment 7: Refraction of light through aprismExperiment 8: Inverting prismsExperiment 9: Concave and convex lenses2. Scope of delivery1 Optical bench U, 120 cm (U17150)3 Optical rider U, 75 mm (U17160)1 Optical rider U, 30 mm (U17161)1 Experiment lamp, halogen (U17140)1 Spare lamp, halogen 12 V, 50 W (U13735)1 Object holder on a stem (U8474000)1 Convexlens,f = + 150 mm; 50 mm Ø (U17103)1 Set of slits and apertures (U17040)1 Optical disc with accessories (U17128)1 Storage strip (U17120)3. Safety instructions•Warning! Lamps become extremely hot when operated for prolonged periods of time.•Do not clean any of the optical components with aggressive fluids or solvents. This could cause damage!4. Experiment examples Experiment 1: Demonstration of various raybeams1.1 Equipment1 Opticalbench1 Experimentallamp1 Object holder, shaft-mounted1 Fivefold slit from U170401 Convexlensf = +150 mm3 Optical riders 75 mm1 Optical rider 30 mmAdditionally required:1 TransformerU139001 Projection screen U171301.2 Set up•Place the experimental lamp horizontally on the rail at the 10 cm position.•Place the object holder with five-fold slit hori-zontally on the rail at the 20 cm position. •Place the convex lens at the 25 cm position. •Mount the projection screen on the small rider.1.3 Procedure•When the convex lens is not used, the ray beam is divergent.•When the convex lens is placed at the 25 cm position we obtain a parallel beam of rays. •When the convex lens is moved away from the light source a converging beam of rays is pro-duced.Experiment 2: Reflection of a ray of light froma plane mirror2.1 Equipment1 Opticalbench1 Experimentallamp1 Object holder, shaft mounted1 Diaphragm with single slit from U170401 Convexlensf = +150 mm1 Optical disc1 Plane mirror from U171283 Optical riders 75 mm1 Optical rider 30 mmAdditionally required:1 TransformerU139002.2 Set up•Place the experimental lamp horizontally on the rail at the 10 cm position.•Place the object holder with single-slit dia-phragm horizontally on the rail at the 20 cm position.•Place the concave lens at the 25 cm position. •Mount the optical disc with plane mirror on a small optical rider at the 40 cm position.2.3 Procedure•Fasten the plane mirror mounted on the opti-cal disc to the 90° to -90° line.•Set the height of the disc so that the incident light ray is reflected from the 0° line.•By rotating the disc we can verify the law of reflection, which states that the angle of inci-dence is equal to the angle of reflection.Experiment 3: Reflection of a light beam froma plane mirror3.1 Equipment1 Opticalbench1 Experimentallamp1 Object holder, shaft mounted1 Fivefold slit from U170401 Convexlensf = +150 mm1 Optical disc1 Plane mirror from U171283 Optical riders 75 mm1 Optical rider 30 mmAdditionally required:1 TransformerU139003.2 Set up•Place the experimental lamp horizontally on the rail at the 10 cm position..•Place the object holder with the five-fold slit at the 20 cm position.•Place the convex lens at the 25 cm position. •Mount the optical disc with plane mirror on a small optical rider at the 40 cm position.3.3 Procedure•Attach the plane mirror on the optical disc at the 90°-90° line.•Adjust the height of the disc so that the middle ray of light propagates along the 0° line and all rays are reflected into each other.•By rotating the disc it is demonstrated that a parallel incident beam of light is also parallel after being reflected.•By moving the lens away from the light source it can be demonstrated that a converging light beam is also reflected as a converging light beam.•Without the use of the convex lens it can be demonstrated that a divergent light beam also diverges upon reflection.Experiment 4: Reflection of a light beam froma concave or convex mirror4.1 Equipment1 Opticalbench1 Experimentallamp1 Object holder, shaft mounted1 Fivefold slit from U170401 Convexlensf = +150 mm1 Optical disc1 Plane mirror from U171283 Optical riders 75 mm1 Optical rider 30 mmAdditionally required:1 TransformerU139004.2 Set up•Place the experimental lamp horizontally on the rail at the 10 cm position.•Place the object holder with five-fold slit hori-zontally on the rail at the 20 cm position. •Place the convex lens at the 25 cm position. •Place the optical disc with convex mirror on the small rider at the 40 cm position.4.3 Procedure•Fasten the concave mirror on the optical disc on the 90°-90° line.•Adjust the height of the disc so that the middle ray of light travels along the 0° line and is re-flected into itself.•Use the lens to generate a parallel beam. •The incidenting rays are reflected so that they all pass through and converge at a single pointF. This point is the focal point of the mirror. •Repeat the experiment with converging and diverging light beams.•Result: a concave mirror causes the rays to converge.•Rotate the optical disc by 180° so that the incident rays are reflected by the convex mir-ror. Carry out the same procedural steps as stated above.• A convex mirror causes the rays to diverge.Experiment 5: Snell's law of refraction5.1 Equipment1 Opticalbench1 Experimentallamp1 Object holder, shaft mounted1 Diaphragm with single slit from U170401 Convexlensf = +150 mm1 Optical disc1 Semi-circular body from U171283 Optical riders 75 mm1 Optical rider 30 mmAdditionally required:1 TransformerU139005.2 Set up•Place the experimental lamp horizontally on the rail at the 10 cm position.•Place the object holder with single slot dia-phragm horizontally on the rail at the 20 cmposition.•Place the concave lens at the 25 cm position. •Mount the optical disc with semi-circular body on the small rider at the 40 cm position.5.3 Procedure•Fasten the semi-circular body on the optical disc on the 90°-90° line so that the plane sideis facing the light source.•Adjust the height of the disc so that the inci-denting light ray propagates along the 0° lineand is incident at the precise center of thesemicircular body. The ray of light then propa-gates uninterrupted along the 0° line.•When the disc is rotated, the light ray is re-fracted toward the normal at the point of inci-dence.•The disc is now rotated by 180° so that the convex disc is facing the light source. The lightray is now refracted away from the normal atthe point of incidence.βn n•When the light ray passes from one medium with the refractive index n 1 to another medium with the refractive index n 2 its directional change is determined by Snell's law of refrac-tion:sin sin α=βconstant or12sin sin n n α=β • α is the angle of incidence in medium n 1 and β is the angle of refraction in medium n 2.•The bigger the angle of incidence is, the larger the angle of refraction becomes. I f n 1 < n 2, there is a critical angle α. At this angle the re-fracted ray of light is refracted along the inter-face between two media. I f the angle of inci-dence is greater than the critical angle, then there is no longer any refraction and all light is reflected. This case is referred to as total inter-nal reflection.Experiment 6: Refraction in a plane-parallelplate6.1 Equipment 1 Optical bench 1 Experimental lamp 1 Object holder, shaft mounted 1 Diaphragm with single slit from U17040 1 Convex lens f = +150 mm 1 Optical disc 1 Trapezoidal body from U17128 3 Optical riders 75 mm 1 Optical rider 30 mm Additionally required: 1 Transformer U139006.2 Set up• Place the experimental lamp horizontally onthe rail at the 5 cm position.• Set up the object holder including diaphragmwith single slit at the 20 cm position.• Place the concave lens at the 25 cm position. • Set up the optical disc with trapezoidal bodyon the small optical rider at the 40 cm posi-tion.6.3 Procedure• Fasten the trapezoidal body on the optical discalong the 90° to -90° line so that its long side faces the light source. The middle section of the trapezoidal body acts like a plane-parallel plate.• Adjust the height of the disc so that the inci-denting light beam propagates on the 0° line and is not refracted by the trapezoidal body. • Rotate the disc so that the beam is now re-fracted.• The direction of the outgoing light ray is notaltered.• The outgoing light ray is nevertheless divertedfrom its original path by a distance d . For a plate of h density, this gives the following ford : sin()cos d h α−β=⋅βExperiment 7: Refraction at a prism7.1 Equipment 1 Optical bench 1 Experimental lamp 1 Object holder, shaft mounted 1 Diaphragm with single slit from U17040 1 Convex lens f = +150 mm 1 Optical disc 1 Trapezoidal body from U17128 1 Right-angled prism from U17128 3 Optical riders 75 mm 1 Optical rider 30 mm Additionally required: 1 Transformer U139007.2 Set up•Place the experimental lamp at the 5 cm posi-tion.•Set up the object holder with diaphragm in-cluding single slit at the 20 cm position. •Place the concave lens at the 25 cm position. •Set the optical disc with trapezoidal body on the small optical rider at the 40 cm position.7.3 Procedure•Fasten the trapezoidal body onto the optical disc along the 90° to -90° line so that the pyramid points upwards.•Adjust the height of the disc so that the inci-dent light ray travels on the 0° line.•After the disc is rotated, the light ray incidents on the upper section of the trapezoidal body, which now functions, like a prism.•n an acrylic prism the light ray incident at point A is refracted from the axis of incidence.At the emerging point B the ray is refracted away from the axis of incidence. The sum total of all refraction angles is called the deflection angle δ. This is the angle between the incident and emerging light rays.•It can be demonstrated that the incident angle α at the minimum deflection angle δminis equal to the emerging angle β. The refracted ray then propagates inside the prism parallel to the side, which is not passed through.Experiment 8: Inverting prisms8.1 Equipment1 Opticalbench1 Experimentallamp1 Object holder, shaft mounted1 Diaphragm with single and fivefold slit from 1 Convexlensf = +150 mm1 Optical disc1 Right-angled prism from U171283 Optical riders 75 mm1 Optical rider 30 mmAdditionally required:1 TransformerU13900 8.2 Set up•Place the experimental lamp horizontally on the rail at the 5 cm position.•Place the object holder including a diaphragm with single or five-fold slot horizontally on rail at the 20 cm position.•Set up the concave lens at the 25 cm position. •Set the optical disc with right-angled prism on the small optical rider at the 40 cm position.8.3 Procedure•Fasten the right-angled prism on the optical disc along the 90°-90° line so that the right an-gle is lined up with the 0° line and faces the light source.•Adjust the height of the disc so that the inci-dent light beam propagates on the 0° line. •By rotating the disc all of the previously de-scribed phenomena can be observed.•At a certain angle (limiting angle) the ray is subject to total internal reflection.•Using the diaphragm with fivefold slit, it can be demonstrated that the rays can be reflected back in the direction from which they came.1231’2’3’1233’2’1’3B Scientific GmbH • Rudorffweg 8 • 21031 Hamburg • Germany • Subject to technical amendments Experiment 9: Concave and convex lenses9.1 Equipment 1 Optical bench 1 Experimental lamp 1 Object holder shaft-mounted 1 Diaphragm with fivefold slit from U17040 1 Concave lens f = +150 mm 1 Optical disc Lenses from U17128 3 Optical riders 75 mm 1 Optical riders 30 mm Additionally required: 1 Transformer U139009.2 Set up• Place the experimental lamp horizontally onthe rail at the 10 cm position.• Set the object holder up with fivefold slit hori-zontally on the rail at the 22 cm position. • Place the concave lens at the 27 cm position. • Set up the optical disc with lens on the smalloptical rider.9.3 Procedure• Place the convex lens in a central position onthe optical disc.• Adjust the height of the disc so that the centerof the incident light beam propagates on the 0° line.• A convex lens is a converging lens. After pass-ing through the medium the light rays all con-verge at the focal point F.• Repeat the experiment using the concave lens. • The light rays diverge after passing through thelens. No image of an object emerges. Tracing the divergent rays backwards one arrives at a virtual focal F ' where these lines meet.。
电子信息工程专业英语翻译清华出版社nglish for IT and EE-08
(bps) of transmitted information in the sense that going to a
higher information rate requires a higher frequency. Thus, the first observation from the frequency line would be that, for optical carriers, which have frequencies in the hundreds of THz, information bandwidth is in some sense free. 信息的带宽在 某种意义上是 免费的 因此在较高的信息率要求较高 的频率这层意义上，要考虑传 输信息的每个bps成本问题
与用于信息传输的光学技术 的潜力有关的
仔细研究表8.1中的频率表可以看到各种用于信息传 A frequency line which gives the wavelengths , the frequencies
, and the photon energy p for the various regions of the frequency
9
2
As wavelengths decrease to approach the size of circuit
components, circuit elements are no longer lumped, and leads
can act as reflective components and/or antennas and lumped
光信息处理的英语
光信息处理的英语In the realm of modern technology, where the speed of light sets the pace, the field of optical information processing has emerged as a beacon of innovation, harnessing the power of photons to revolutionize data transmission, computation, and communication. This cutting-edge domain, where light itself becomes the medium for information, is not just a scientific marvel but a testament to human ingenuity.The concept of using light to process information dates back to the early days of fiber optics, but it has since evolved into a multifaceted discipline encompassing everything from holography to quantum computing. Optical information processing leverages the inherent properties of light—speed, wavelength diversity, and minimal interference—to perform tasks that would be cumbersome or impossible with traditional electronic methods.Imagine a world where data travels through fibers at nearly the speed of light, where holographic displays bring images to life with breathtaking clarity, and where quantum encryption ensures that information is as secure as the laws of physics allow. This is the world that optical information processing is helping to create.Advancements in this field are not just limited to theoretical breakthroughs; they are being applied inpractical applications that are transforming industries. Frommedical imaging, where optical coherence tomography (OCT) provides high-resolution, non-invasive scans, to the telecommunications sector, where dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) increases the capacity of fiber optic networks exponentially, the impact is profound.Moreover, the advent of all-optical computing promises to overcome the limitations of electronic-based systems,offering faster processing speeds and lower power consumption. This is particularly crucial as we grapple with theexponential growth of data and the need for more efficient computational methods.As we delve deeper into the intricacies of optical information processing, we uncover a universe ofpossibilities. From the manipulation of light at the quantum level to the development of photonic chips that could replace electronic circuits, the future is as bright as the lightthat fuels these innovations. The quest to harness the full potential of light is not just a scientific endeavor; it is a journey into the heart of what makes our digital world tick, and it is a journey that is only just beginning.。
【精品】电子信息工程专业英语课后答案
电子信息工程专业英语课后答案电子信息工程专业英语-教师用书Part 1第一课关于电子技术一、课文习题参考答案Ⅰ. （1） alternating current circuits （2） semiconductor diodes（3） passive component（4） the combinatory logic electric circuit（5） rectification（6） Laplace transform（7） inductor（8） Fourier series and Fourier transformⅡ.（1）控制理论（2）场效应管三极管（3）布尔代数（4）稳压（5）相关性和功率谱密度（6）滤波器类型（7）模/数转换器（8）时序逻辑电路的分析与综合Ⅲ.(1)Electronics is a part of the larger field of electricity. The basic principles of electricity are also common to electronics. Modern advances in the field of computer, control system, communications have a close relationship with electronics. The field of electronics includes the electron tube, transistor, integrated circuit and so on.(2) Direct current circuits & Alternating current circuits,Analog electronics,Digital electronics,signal and systems,Circuit theory and design, Control theory, Microcontrollersystems,Computer programming for engineering applications.(3) This curriculum mainly introduces the characteristics of semiconductor devices in linear application scope.The content involved in semiconductor diodes (PN junction diodes, special purpose diodes), transistors (field effects and bipolar transistors), signal amplifiers, practical amplifiers, biasing circuits, operationalamplifiers circuit and other circuits (rectification, regulation and DC power supplies).(4) This partial studies take the basicelectric circuit theory and the operational amplifier knowledge as the foundation. The main study goal is to enhance understanding of the electric circuit theory. Its main content includes the elementary theory in circuit theory (network functions, characteristic frequencies), types offilter (lowpass,bandpass), review of operational amplifiers (design of first and second order using operational amplifiers, cascade design), filter characteristics(Butterworth, Chebyshev, frequency transformations in design, sensitivity design of passive LC ladder filters and a brief introduction to switched capacitor filters).(5) Perfect.二、参考译文电子学的发展电子学是电学的一部分。
学术英语课后答案 unit1
学术英语理工教师手册Unit 1 Choosing a TopicI Teaching ObjectivesIn this unit , you will learn how to:1.choose a particular topic for your research2.formulate a research question3.write a working title for your research essay4.enhance your language skills related with reading and listening materials presented in this unit II. Teaching Procedures1.Deciding on a topicTask 1Answers may vary.Task 21 No, because they all seem like a subject rather than a topic, a subject which cannot be addressed even by a whole book, let alone by a1500-wordessay.2Each of them can be broken down into various and more specific aspects. For example, cancer can be classified into breast cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer and so on. Breast cancer can have such specific topics for research as causes for breast cancer, effects of breast cancer and prevention or diagnosis of breast cancer.3 Actually the topics of each field are endless. Take breast cancer for example, we can have the topics like:Why Women Suffer from Breast Cancer More Than Men?A New Way to Find Breast TumorsSome Risks of Getting Breast Cancer in Daily LifeBreast Cancer and Its Direct Biological ImpactBreast Cancer—the Symptoms & DiagnosisBreastfeeding and Breast CancerTask 31 Text 1 illustrates how hackers or unauthorized users use one way or another to get inside a computer, while Text2 describes the various electronic threats a computer may face.2 Both focus on the vulnerability of a computer.3 Text 1 analyzes the ways of computer hackers, while Text 2 describes security problems of a computer.4 Text 1: The way hackers “get inside” a computerText 2: Electronic threats a computer facesYes, I think they are interesting, important, manageable and adequate.Task 41Lecture1:Ten Commandments of Computer EthicsLecture 2:How to Deal with Computer HackersLecture 3:How I Begin to Develop Computer Applications2Answersmay vary.Task 5Answers may vary.2 Formulating a research questionTask 1Text 3Research question 1: How many types of cloud services are there and what are they? Research question 2: What is green computing?Research question 3: What are advantages of the cloud computing?Text 4Research question 1: What is the Web 3.0?Research question 2: What are advantages and disadvantages of the cloud computing? Research question 3: What security benefits can the cloud computing provide?Task 22 Topic2: Threats of Artificial IntelligenceResearch questions:1) What are the threats of artificial intelligence?2) How can human beings control those threats?3) What are the difficulties to control those threats?3 Topic3: The Potentials of NanotechnologyResearch questions:1) What are its potentials in medicine?2) What are its potentials in space exploration?3) What are its potentials in communications?4 Topic4: Global Warming and Its EffectsResearch questions:1) How does it affect the pattern of climates?2) How does it affect economic activities?3) How does it affect human behavior?Task 3Answers may vary.3 Writing a working titleTask 1Answers may vary.Task 21 Lecture 4 is about the security problems of cloud computing, while Lecture 5 is about the definition and nature of cloud computing, hence it is more elementary than Lecture 4.2 The four all focus on cloud computing. Although Lecture 4 and Text 4 address the same topic, the former is less optimistic while the latter has more confidence in the security of cloud computing. Text3 illustrates the various advantages of cloud computing.3 Lecture 4: Cloud Computing SecurityLecture 5: What Is Cloud Computing?Task 3Answers may vary.4 Enhancing your academic languageReading: Text 11.Match the words with their definitions.1g 2a 3e 4b 5c 6d 7j 8f 9h 10i2. Complete the following expressions or sentences by using the target words listed below with the help of the Chinese in brackets. Change the form if necessary.1 symbolic 2distributed 3site 4complex 5identify6fairly 7straightforward 8capability 9target 10attempt11process 12parameter 13interpretation 14technical15range 16exploit 17networking 18involve19 instance 20specification 21accompany 22predictable 23profile3. Read the sentences in the box. Pay attention to the parts in bold.Now complete the paragraph by translating the Chinese in brackets. You may refer to the expressions and the sentence patterns listed above.ranging from（从……到）arise from some misunderstandings（来自于对……误解）leaves a lot of problems unsolved（留下很多问题没有得到解决）opens a path for（打开了通道）requires a different frame of mind（需要有新的思想）4.Translate the following sentences from Text 1 into Chinese.1) 有些人声称黑客是那些超越知识疆界而不造成危害的好人（或即使造成危害，但并非故意而为），而“骇客”才是真正的坏人。
信息科学与电子工程专业英语课后答案
U n i t1E x e r c i s e s(1)T r a n s l a t e t h e f o l l o w i n g s e n t e n c e s i n t o C h i n e s e.1.As with series resonance, the greater the resistance in thecircuit the lower the Q and, accordingly, the flatter andbroader the resonance curve of either line current or circuitimpedance.对于串联谐振，电路中的电阻愈大Q值就愈低，相应地线路电流或电路阻抗的谐振曲线也就愈平、愈宽。
2.A wire carrying a current looks exactly the same and weighsexactly the same as it does when it is not carrying a current.一根带电的导线其外表与重量都与不带电导线完全一样。
3.Click mouse on the waveform and drag it to change the pulserepetition rate, or directly enter a new value of the period inthe provided dialogue box, while keeping the pulse widthunchanged.在波形上点击鼠标并拖动来改变脉冲重复频率，或者在提供的对话框中直接输入新的期值，而保持脉冲宽度不变。
4.Electronics is the science and the technology of the passage of charged particles in a gas, in a vacuum, or in a semiconductor. Please note that particle motion confined within a metal only is not considered electronics.电子学是一门有关带电粒子在气体、真空或半导体中运动的科学技术。
计算机专业英语课后答案
计算机专业英语课后答案第1章信息技术、互联⽹和你选择1. The keyboard, mouse display, and system unit are: 键盘、⿏标、显示器和系统单元是: hardware2. Programs that coordinate computer resources, provide an interface, and run applications are knownas: 协调计算机资源、提供接⼝和运⾏应⽤程序的程序被称为: operating systems3. A browser is an example of a: 浏览器就是通⽤应⽤程序的⼀个例⼦ general-purpose application4. Although not as powerful as a supercomputer, this type of computer is capable of great processingspeeds and data storage. 虽然没有超级计算机那么强⼤，但这种类型的计算机具有很⾼的处理速度和数据存储能⼒。
mainframe ⼤型计算机5. Apple' s Watch is what type of computer? 苹果⼿表是什么类型的电脑? wearable可穿戴6. RAM is a type of: RAM是存储器的⼀种 memory7. Unlike memory, this type of storage holds data and programs even after electrical power to thecomputer system has been turned off. 与内存不同的是，这种类型的存储即使在计算机系统断电后也能保存数据和程序 secondary8. The type of file created by word processors to save, for example, memos, term papers, and letters. 由⽂字处理程序创建的⽂件类型，如备忘录、学期论⽂和信件 document9. Uses the internet and the web to shift many computer activities from a user' scomputer to computerson the internet。
计算机专业英语第二版课后翻译答案
Unite 1Section A: 1、artificial intelligence 人工智能2、paper-tape reader 纸带阅读器3、Optical computer 光学计算机4、Neural network 神经网络5、Instruction set 指令集6、Parallel processing 并行处理器7、Difference engine差分机8、Versatile logical element 多用途逻辑元件9、Silicon substrate 硅衬底10、Vaccum tube 真空管11、数据的存储与管理the storage and management of data12、超大规模集成电路large-scale integrated circuit13、中央处理器central processing unit14、个人计算机personal computer15、模拟计算机analog computer16、数字计算机digital computer17、通用计算机general purpose computer18、处理器芯片processor chip19、操作指令operating instructions20、输入设备input devicesSection B1、artificial neural network 人工智能神经网络2、Computer architecture 计算机体系结构3、Robust computer program 健壮的计算机程序4、Human-computer interface 人机接口5、Knowledge representation 知识代表6、数值分析numerical analysis7、程序设计环境programming environment8、数据结构data structure9、存储和检索信息store and retrieve information10、虚拟现实virtual realityUnit 2Section A：1、function key 功能键2、V oice recognition module 声音识别调制器3、Touch-sensitive region 触敏扫描仪4、Address bus 地址总线5、Flatbed scanner 平板扫描仪6、Dot-matrix printer 矩阵式打印机7、Parallel connection 并行连接8、Cathode ray tube 阴极射线管9、Video game 电子游戏10、Audio signal 音频信号11、操作系统operating system12、液晶显示liquid crystal display13、喷墨打印机inkjet printer14、数据总线data bus15、串行连接serial connection16、易失性存储器volatile memory17、激光打印机laser printer18、磁盘存储器floppy disc19、基本输入输出系统basic input/output system20、视频显示器video displaySection B:1、interrupt handler 中断处理程序2、Virtual memory 虚拟内存3、Context switch 上下文转换4、Main memory 主存5、Bit pattern 位模式6、外围设备peripheral device7、进程表process table8、时间片time slice9、图形用户界面graphics user interface10、海量存储器mass storageUnit 3Section A:1、storage register 存储寄存器2、Function statement 函数语句3、Program statement 程序语句4、Object-oriented language 面向对象语言5、Assembly language 汇编语言6、Intermediate language 中间语言7、Relational language 关系语言8、Artificial language 人工语言9、Data declaration 数据声明10、SQL 结构化查询语言11、可执行程序executable program12、程序模块program module13、条件语句conditional statement14、赋值语句assignment statement15、逻辑语言logic statement16、机器语言machine language17、函数式语言functional language18、程序设计语言programming language19、运行计算机程序run a omputer program20、计算机程序员computer programmerSection B1、native code 本机代码2、Header file 头文件3、Multithreaded program 多线程程序4、Java-enabled browser 支持Java的浏览器5、Mallicious code6、机器码machine code7、汇编码assembly code8、特洛伊木马程序trojan9、软件包software package10、类层次class hierarchyUnit 4Section A1、inference engine 推理机2、System call 系统调用3、Compiled language 编译执行的语言4、Parellel computing 并行计算5、Pattern matching 模式匹配6、Memory location 存储单元7、Interpreter program 解释程序8、Library routine 库程序9、Intermediate program 中间程序10、Source file 源文件11、解释执行的语言interpreted language12、设备驱动程序device driver13、源程序source program14、调试程序debugger15、目标代码object code16、应用程序application program17、实用程序utility program18、逻辑程序logic program19、黑盒ink cartridge20、程序的存储与执行storage and execution of program Section B1、Messaging model 通信模式2、Common language runtime 通用语言运行时刻（环境）3、Hierarchical namespace 分层的名称空间4、Development community 开发社区5、CORBA 公共对象请求代理体系结构6、基本组件basic components7、元数据标记metadata token8、虚拟机VM virtual machine9、集成开发环境IDE（intergrated development environment）10、简单对象访问协议SOAP(simple object access protocol) Unit 5Section A1、system specification 系统规范2、Unit testing 单元测试3、Software life cycle 软件的生命周期4、System validation process 系统验证过程5、Evolutionary development process 进化发展过程6、Simple linear model 简单线性模型7、Program unit 程序单元8、Throwaway prototype 一次性使用原型9、Text formatting 文本格式10、System evolution 系统演变11、系统设计范例paradigm for system design12、需求分析与定义Requirements analysis and definition13、探索式编程方法exploratory programming approach14、系统文件编制system documentation15、瀑布模型waterfall model16、系统集成system integration17、商用现成软件commercial off-the-shelf software18、基于组件的软件工程component-based software engineering19、软件维护工具software maintenance tool20、软件复用software reuseSection B1、check box 复选框2、Structured design 结构化设计3、Building block 构建模块4、Database schema 数据库模式5、Radio button 单选按钮6、系统建模技术system modeling techniques7、模型驱动开发MDD(model-driven development)8、数据流程图data flow diagram9、下拉式菜单drop-down10、滚动条scroll barUnit 6Section A1、end user 终端用户2、Atomic operation 原子操作3、Database administrator 数据库管理员4、Relational database model 关系数据库模型5、Local data 本地数据6、Object-oriented database 面向对象的数据库7、Database management system 数据库管理系统8、Entity-relationship model 实体关系模型9、Distributed database 分布式数据库10、Flat file 展开文件11、二维表two-dimensional table12、数据属性data attributes13、数据库对象database object14、存储设备storage device15、数据类型data type16、数据插入与删除insertion and deletion17、层次数据库模型hierarchical18、数据库体系结构database architecture19、关系数据库管理系统ralational database management system20、全局控制总线global control busSection B1、nonvolatile storage system 易失性存储系统2、Equitment malfunction 设备故障3、Wound-wait protocol 损伤等待协议4、Exclusive lock 排它锁5、Database integrity 数据库完整性6、共享锁shared lock7、数据库实现database implementation8、级联回滚cascading rollback9、数据项data item10、分时操作系统time sharing operating system ;Unit 7Section A1、microwave radio 微波无线电2、digital television 数字电视3、DSL 数字用户线路4、analog transmission 模拟传输5、on-screen pointer 屏幕上的指针6、computer terminal 计算机终端7、radio telephone 无线电话8、cellular telephone 蜂窝电话，移动电话，手机9、decentralized network 分散型网络10、wire-based internal network 基于导线的内部网络，有线内部网11、光缆fiber-optic cable12、传真机fax machine13、线通信wireless communications14、点对点通信point-to-point communications15、调制电脉冲modulated electrical impulse16、通信卫星communication(s) satellite17、电报电键telegraph key18、传输媒体transmission medium (或media)19、无绳电话cordless telephone20、金属导体metal conductorSection B1、bit map 位图2、parallel port 并行端口3、direct memory access (DMA) 直接存储器存取4、universal serial bus 通用串行总线5、general-purpose register 通用寄存器6、电路板circuit board7、串行通信serial communication8、数码照相机digital camera9、存储映射输入/输出memory-mapped I/O10、有线电视cable televisionUnit 8Section A1、file server 文件服务器2、carrier sense 载波检测3、Protocol suite 协议族4、Peer-to-peer model 点对点模型5、bus topology network 总线拓扑网络6、inter-machine cooperation 计算机间合作7、Ethernet protocol collection 以太网协作集8、Proprietary network 专有网络9、utility package 实用软件包10、star network 星形网络11、局域网local area network (LAN)12、令牌环token ring13、无线网络wireless network14、封闭式网络closed network15、环形拓扑网络ring topology16、客户/服务机模型client/server model17、网络应用程序network application18、进程间通信interprocess communication19、打印服务机printer server20、广域网wide area networkSection B1、routing path 路由选择通路2、dual-ring topology 双环形拓扑结构3、extended star topology 扩展星形拓扑结构4、backbone network 基干网，骨干网5、mesh topology网络拓扑结构6、同轴电缆coaxial cable7、逻辑拓扑结构logical topology8、无冲突连网环境collision-free networking environment9、树形拓扑结构tree topology10、目的地节点destination nodeUnit 9Section A1、cell phone 蜂窝电话，移动电话，手机2、IP address 网际协议地址，IP地址3、autonomous system 自主系统4、dial-up connection 拨号连接5、network identifier 网络标识符6、binary notation 二进制记数法7、mnemonic name 助记名，缩写名8、Internet-wide directory system 因特网范围的目录系统9、name server 名称服务器10、Internet infrastructure 因特网基础结构11、助记地址mnemonic address12、网吧cyber cafe13、宽带因特网访问broadband Internet access14、顶级域名top-level domain (TLD)15、因特网编址Internet addressing16、点分十进制记数法dotted decimal notation17、因特网服务提供商Internet service provider (ISP)18、专用因特网连接dedicated Internet connection19、主机地址host address20、硬件与软件支持hardware and software support Section B1、incoming message 来报，到来的报文2、application layer 应用层3、utility software 实用软件4、sequence number （顺）序号，序列号5、remote login capabilities 远程登录能力6、端口号port number7、软件例程software routine8、传输层transport layer9、文件传送协议FTP（File Transfer Protocol）10、万维网浏览器Web browserUnit 10Section A1、mailing list 邮件发送清单，邮件列表2、proprietary software 专有软件3、cc line 抄送行4、bcc line 密送行5、forwarded e-mail messages 转发的电子邮件6、e-mail convention 电子邮件常规7、click on an icon 点击图标8、confidential document 密件，秘密文件9、classified information 密级信息10、recovered e-mail message 恢复的电子邮件11、常用情感符commonly used emoticon12、已删除电子邮件deleted e-mail13、电子系统electronic system14、附件行Attachments line15、版权法copyright law16、电子邮件网规e-mail netiquette17、信息高速公路information superhighway18、签名文件signature file19、电子数据表程序spreadsheet program20、文字处理软件word processorSection B1、web-authoring software 网络写作软件2、template generator 模版生成程序3、navigation page 导航页面4、corporate logo 公司标识5、splash page 醒目页面，过渡页6、导航条navigation bar7、节点页面node page8、网站地图site map9、可用性测试usability testing10、图形交换格式gif（Graphics Interchange Format）Unit 11Section A1、customized marketing strategy 定制的营销策略2、B2G transaction 企业对政府交易3、mobile telephone 移动电话4、dot-com bust 网络不景气5、smart card 智能卡，灵巧卡6、digital piracy 数字盗版7、dot-com boom 网络繁荣8、C2C transaction 消费者对消费者交易9、Web auction site 拍卖网站10、fingerprint reader 指纹读取器11、射频识别装置radio-frequency identification (RFID) device12、电子数据交换electronic data interchange (EDI)13、库存管理技术inventory management technology14、知识产权intellectual property15、条形码bar code16、货币兑换currency conversion17、电子图书electronic book18、视网膜扫描仪retina scanner19、个人数字助理personal digital assistant (PDA)20、企业对企业电子商务B2B electronic commerceSection B1、software suite 软件套件2、text box 文本框3、virtual checkout counter 虚拟付款台4、static catalog 静态目录5、browser session 浏览器会话期6、动态目录dynamic catalog7、购物车软件shopping cart software8、供应链supply chain9、企业资源计划软件enterprise resource planning (ERP) software10、税率tax rateUnit 12Section A1、encryption program 加密程序2、deletion command 删除命令3、authorized user 授权的用户4、backup copy 备份5、voltage surge 电压浪涌6、circuit breaker 断路器7、electronic component 电子元件（或部件）8、data-entry error 数据输入错误9、electronic break-in 电子入侵10、power line 电力线，输电线11、检测程序detection program12、电源power source13、破坏性计算机程序destructive computer program14、计算机病毒computer virus15、软件侵权software piracy16、硬盘驱动器hard-disk drive17、病毒检查程序virus checker18、主存储器primary storage19、电子公告板electronic bulletin board20、浪涌电压保护器surge protectorSection B1、phishing attack 网络钓鱼攻击2、graphics card 显（示）卡3、heuristic analysis 试探性分析4、infected file 被感染文件5、virus dictionary 病毒字典6、数据捕获data capture7、恶意软件malicious software8、病毒特征代码virus signature9、防病毒软件antivirus software10、内存驻留程序memory-resident program。
新视野英语教程2unit8
Unit 8 New Words1、genius--------------------------------------------------------------------------------n. 1. [C] a person of very great ability or very high intelligence 天才人物；才子[例] In the field of physics, Albert Einstein was a genius. 艾伯特·爱因斯坦是物理学界的天才。
[例] The young man who was regarded as a genius in his boyhood turned out to be quite ordinary. 那个年轻人小时候被认为是天才，长大后却变得平平庸庸。
2. [U] great and rare powers of thought, skill, or imagination 天才；天赋[例] There's genius in the way this picture was painted. 这幅画的绘制手法表现出一种天分。
[例] Genius is nothing but labor and intelligence. 天才不是别的，就是努力加聪明。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------2、powerful--------------------------------------------------------------------------------adj. great in degree or effect 强大的；强效的[例] As a powerful nation, we should help the weaker ones instead of controlling them. 作为一个强国，我们应该帮助弱小国家，而不是去控制它们。
工商管理专业英语unite8课后题答案
Unit8 E-commerceAnswer the following questions.1.What is Internet?A: The Internet is a worldwide network of millions of computers and computer networks. It is a public, voluntary, and cooperative effort between the connected institutions and is not owned or operated by any single organization.2.How are Internets formed?A: Internets are formed by connecting networks through special computers in each network known as gateways, whose interconnections are made through various communication paths, including telephone lines, optical fibers, and radio links.3.Can you explain the functions of www?A: World Wide Web (WWW) is a system of resources that enable computer users to view and interact with a variety of information, including magazine archives, public and private informational resources, databases, and software programs. The WWW can be accessed by a computer connected to an internet, an interconnection of computer networks, or through the public Internet, the global consortium of interconnected computer networks.4.What are the most prevalent products sold online in the U.S.?A: The most prevalent products sold online include airline tickets, computer peripherals, software, books, music discs, apparels, and videos.5.Why are advertisers slow to move their spending from one medium to another?A: (1) Internet is developing as a media channel but it will take some time before it is accepted as a traditional medium along with television and printed media. The development of online media will be similar to that of offline counterparts: acceptance, and profits, will take time to develop, and only a small number of companies will succeed.(2) Certain consumers view Internet advertising as the best medium, however, it tends to lag behind TV advertising effectiveness .And Internet as a medium is better suits for high-involvement product than for low-involvement products.6. How is the effectiveness of online advertisements?A: Firms are skeptical about the reach and effectiveness of these advertisements. Too quickly, banner advertisements became the standard online format, and click-through rates became the principal measures of effectiveness.7.What is the role of Internet service providers?A: Internet Service Providers are the gatekeepers to the online world for the subscribers of Internet service. Internet Service Providers are themselves big marketers and they have a vast database of customers who surf the World Wide Web.8.What does “brick-and-mortar” mean?A: Brick-and-mortar means retailers with strong and established brand presence, physical distribution relationships, and capital investment in traditional formats.9. What are the most important concerns to online consumers?A: (1) Security is the most important concern to online consumers, and a Web site provides easy access to products and clearly posts delivery fees and policies wound reduce consumers’security worries. The second most important issue is price. Free shipping and attractive discounts by Internet marketers often encourage online purchases. Brand effect, delivery method, and other postpurchase service factors are the third most important issue during the online shopping process. 10.What product groups are most likely to succeed on the Internet?A: The product groups most likely to succeed on the Internet are convenience, shopping, and specialty goods.11. What are the shortcomings of Internet?A: The Internet does not provide consumers with the feel, touch, and smell of the product being advertised. Another weakness of Internet is its perceived lack of reliability.12. Why is it hard for a brand to put out second-rate products and services?A: The democratizing of information and knowledge makes it harder and harder for a brand to put out second-rate products and services. With their newfound ability to talk back, your customers will gladly to tell you all about it if you don’t live up to their expectations. With equal justice, they will not only tell you, they will tell each other spanning all times zones in the world with millions of clicks.13. Do you think traditional brick-mortar stores have an advantage in e-commerce? Why?A: Traditional brick-mortar stores have an advantage in e-commerce.Even though a lot of new brands developed on the net because of the unprecedented opportunities that opened up, traditional brick-mortar businesses that have brands with good equity have a definite advantage over these new brands.More and more old economy companies are moving rapidly into e-commerce. These companies have the advantage of well-known brands that can be successfully used in the online world to attract customers.A distinct advantage traditional retailers enjoy is their ability to offset low margin sales by up-selling other merchandise with much higher margins.14. How does Internet help to create competitive advantage?A: The Internet has given these companies a channel to get access to and feedback from final customers. These companies can get more information, more quickly from customers through the Internet. This allows them greater responsiveness in improving services and amenities, which helps to create competitive advantage.The Internet also presents an opportunity to improve customer service with lower costs.。
英语光学课程
If ω ≠ ω0, non-resonant, transparent The oscillators follow the driving wave, but with a phase lag. The phase lag accumulates through the medium and retards the propagation of the wave front, leading to smaller velocity than in free space (v =c / n). -- the origin of n
Ne 2 ε r (ω) = 1 + ε 0 m0 where
ω2 − iγ j ω)
For each atom.
∑f
j
= 1.
Schematic diagram of the frequency dependence of the refractive index and absorption of a hypothetical solid from the infrared to the x-ray spectral region. The solid is assummed to have three resonant frequencies with width of each absorption line has been set to 10% of the centre frequency by appropriate choice of the γj’s.
Frequency dependence of the real and imaginary Parts of the complex dielectric constant of a dipole At frequencies close to resonance. Also shown is The real and imaginary part of the refractive index Calculated from the dielectric constant.
《电子信息工程专业英语导论》PART1unit4省名师优质课赛课获奖课件市赛课一等奖课件
➢专业英语翻译原则
有关翻译旳原则，历来提法诸多。有旳主张“信、 达、雅”，有旳主张“信、顺”，有旳主张“等值”等， 并曾屡次展开过广泛旳争论和探讨。
简朴地说，符合规范旳译文语言，确切忠实地体现 原著旳风格，这就是英语翻译旳共同原则。为此，在进 行英语翻译时要坚持两条原则：
（1）忠实
译文应忠实于原文，精确地、完整地、科学地体现 原文旳内容，涉及思想、精神与风格。
5
If you are new to electronics是一种条件 状语从句，在这个从句中，要用一般目前时 表达将来时。 it is best to意为you had better to，最佳 做…。
6
NPN
PNP
Fig. 1-7. NPN and PNP transistor Look at Fig. 1-7，the leads are labelled base (B), collector (C) and emitter (E).
这里介词短语due to旳使用防止了because从句 旳使用，句子变得简洁明了。
19
（4）大量使用常用句型 科技文章中经常使用若干特定旳句型，从而
形成科技文体区别于其他文体旳标志。 例如It-that构造句型、被动态构造句型、分词短 语构造句型、省略句构造句型等。如：
It is evident that a well lubricated bearing turns more easily than a dry one。 译文：显然，润滑好旳轴承，比不润滑旳轴承轻 易转动。
（2）通顺
译文语言必须通顺，符合规范，用词造句应符合本
民族语言旳习惯，要用民族旳、科学旳、大众旳语言，
以求通顺易懂。
Optical communication system
专利名称：Optical communication system发明人：蓮尾 浩二,泉 太申请号：JP2003550401申请日：20011203公开号：JPWO2003049330A1公开日：20050421专利内容由知识产权出版社提供专利附图：摘要： Has a plurality of optical transmission devices, active transmission line andoptical transmission system two adjacent are connected by a protection transmission line,the present invention, an optical communication system the optical signal is transmitted by the optical transmission line of one provide. Optical transmission apparatus includes acontrol unit and an optical amplifier. Active transmission line connected to the optical transmission device adjacent to the upstream optical transmission device thereof and of the backup transmission line, the optical amplifier amplifies an optical signal inputted from one optical signal is transmitted, I outputs an optical signal containing the noise component and the signal component. The control unit controls the level of the optical signal output from the optical amplifier the signal component contained in the optical signal output from the optical amplifier becomes a predetermined level. In addition, or between the optical transmission device adjacent to the upstream optical transmission device thereof, in optical transmission between two devices of the other located on the upstream side, the control unit, the transmission path an optical signal is transmitted to the protection transmission line from the active transmission line, or it is switched to the protection transmission line from the active transmission line, and corrects the level of the optical signal output from the optical amplifier.申请人：富士通株式会社地址：神奈川県川崎市中原区上小田中４丁目１番１号国籍：JP代理人：林 恒徳,土井 健二更多信息请下载全文后查看。
大连理工大学智慧树知到“选修课”《专业英语(计算机英语)》网课测试题答案5
大连理工大学智慧树知到“选修课”《专业英语（计算机英语）》网课测试题答案（图片大小可自由调整）第1卷一.综合考核(共15题)1.A _____ is a collection of relation fields.A.fieldB.recordC.characterD.file2.However what really triggered the tremendous growth of computers and its significant impact on our lives is the invention of the microprocessor.()A.正确B.错误3.A(n) _____ mouse emits and senses light to detect movement.A.cordlessB.opticalC.cameraD.microphone4.A backup program _____.A.makes a copy of files you selectB.returns you to the previous programC.undoes the last change you madeD.None of the above5.Telnet enables users to cute terminal sessions with local hosts.()A.正确B.错误6._____ provides reliable, full-duplex connections and reliable service by ensuring that data is resubmitted when transmission results in an error. A.TCPB.ARPC.UDPD.IP7._____ layer just above the internet layer.work InterfaceB.TCPC.Host-to-Host TransportD.Application8.Which of the following is not the e-commerce business models?A.Business-to-Business(B2B)B.Electronic fund transferC.Business-to-Customer(B2C)D.Customer-to-Customer(C2C)9.The keyboard is classified as a of output.()A.正确B.错误10.ERP is _____.A.Enterprise resource planning softwareB.Enterprise Application IntegrationC.Electronic Application IntegrationD.None of the above.11.We abbreviate Virtual Private Networks to _____.A.NICB.VPNC.HUBD.MODEM12._____ is a compiled object-oriented programming language used to write applets.A.CB.C++C.JavaScriptD.Java13.Which one is an image-editing tool?A.PhotoshopB.WordC.Extreme 3DD.Premiere14._____ are collections of two or more connected computers.A.VPNB.ModemworksD.Cable15.The first generation computers were huge, slow, expensive, and often undependable.()A.正确B.错误第2卷一.综合考核(共15题)1.Which of the following is not a format for a graphical image file?A.BMP fileB.GIF fileC.JPG fileD.AVI file2.CPU is the soul of a computer.()A.正确B.错误3.Mouse belongs to.()A.正确B.错误4.TCP/IP refers to a suite of _____.A.systemB.control unitsC.application programsD.data communication protocols5.A computer can be broken down into three distinct categories, namely output, and CPU.()A.正确B.错误6.The standard protocol used for sending Internet e-mail is called _____. It works in conjunction with POP servers.A.SMTPB.WWWC.TCPD.UDP7.To access the Web, users require a _____, which is the software program used to access the World Wide Web.A.Plug-insB.HelperC.Add-onsD.Web browser8.Microsoft Office 2000 includes Word, _____, Outlook and FrontPage.A.ExcelB.Power PointC.AccessD.All of the above9.The Internet began as the ARPANET.()A.正确B.错误10.It wasn't until the 1980's that people began buying computer for personal use.()A.正确B.错误11.A web page is written in a computer language called HTML.()A.正确B.错误12.A computer must include three of following. Which one is not necessary?A. systemB.output systemC.processing systemworking system13.ICQ is a popular software program for chats can be downloaded for free from the ICQ website.()A.正确B.错误14.The short for MIS is management information system.()A.正确B.错误15.The transistor computer did not last as long as the vacuum tube computer lasted, but it was less important in the advancement of computer technology.()A.正确B.错误第1卷参考答案一.综合考核1.参考答案：D2.参考答案：A3.参考答案：B4.参考答案：A5.参考答案：B6.参考答案：A7.参考答案：C8.参考答案：B9.参考答案：B10.参考答案：A11.参考答案：B12.参考答案：D13.参考答案：A14.参考答案：C15.参考答案：A第2卷参考答案一.综合考核1.参考答案：D2.参考答案：A3.参考答案：A4.参考答案：D5.参考答案：A6.参考答案：A7.参考答案：D8.参考答案：D9.参考答案：A10.参考答案：B11.参考答案：A12.参考答案：D13.参考答案：A14.参考答案：A15.参考答案：B。
B2U1-Texting
Lights, camera, action! (1)Reading【P.2】Many different elements go into making a film. The lecture below was given by a film critic at the school Film Festival. Before you read the lecture transcript, think about the following questions:●What elements of a film can you think of?●Which element do you think is the most important in making a successful film?Behind the scenesHello, everyone! Let me start by asking you a question: what's the first thing you notice about a film? The acting? The music? Maybe the amazing sets? Whatever your answer is, there's always a lot more to it than first meets the eye. Actually, the film you see on the screen is the product of a huge amount of hard work, most 5 of which takes place behind the scenes. Today, I’ll give you a brief introduction to some aspects of film-making you might not be familiar with.To begin with, I'd like to draw your attention to an important factor of a film—sound effects. These are often added after a scene has been shot and might not be made in the way you would expect. For example, in Jurassic Park, the sounds of different animals, including a baby elephant and a tiger, were mixed by a computer to make a dinosaur roar. The sound of the doors opening in the Star Trek films was made simply by pulling a sheet of paper out of an envelope.Another aspect I attach great importance to is visual special effects. CGI has been frequently used in film-making as a special effects technology. Generally, scenes requiring CGI are filmed in front of a green screen in the studio. As green doesn't match any natural hair or skin colour, actors can be easily separated from the background. This enables CGI effects to be added later. The Quidditch scenes in the Harry Potter films were made in this way with the actors jumping up and down in front of a green screen. However, the aid of computers isn't always preferred. Peter Jackson, director of The Lord of the Rings films, took a creative approach一he used clever camera angles to make characters seem bigger or smaller than they really were.Props also contribute to a film's success. To make a film look real, great effort must sometimes be made to research, find and build objects. Director James Cameron spent six months looking at and revising plans of the Titanic in order to build a full-sized model for his 1997 film. He talked to historians to ensure that the details were correct and even went down to the bottom of the Atlantic Ocean to see what was left of the ship for himself. It took 500 workers 100 days to build the fine model, not to mention the thousands of props inside.My lecture today may not be able to do justice to all the work people have done behind the scenes. Just as the poor passengers on the real Titanic saw the tip of the iceberg, what we see on the cinema screen is just the tip of the huge iceberg of film- 35 making. Hopefully, next time you go to the cinema, you'll spare a thought for all those talented people behind the scenes. They have worked for months and even years so that you can have two hours of enjoyment!B Building your languageSimon is talking about his favourite film at the school Film Festival. Complete what he says with the correct forms of the words and phrase in the box below.To the (1)________ asked question, "What's your favourite film?”, my answer is Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon. It has won many awards, including an Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film. It has also (2)________ Western audiences to have a better understanding of Chinese culture.You must (3)________ the exciting fighting scene on top of a bamboo forest in Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon. With the (4)________ of the computer,scenes like this could have been made in the studio. However, the film's director, Ang Lee, (5)________ to have actors perform on location. He believed this (6)________ to film-making would create a "human connection" which could not be achieved with CGI special effects.In addition to the amazing martial arts, the film also took advantage of China's beautiful mountains, forests and deserts. (7)________, it was shot in different locations all around the country. All these (8)________ contributed to the film's success.Grammar and usage [P.6]A Exploring the rulesBelow is an introduction Laura gave to her class about The Jungle Book. Pay attention to the underlined subjects and verbs and fill in the table below. The first two have been done for you.Everyone was surprised when Disney said its film team members were remaking The jungle Book. Based on Rudyard Kipling's book of the same title, it describes the story of a boy named Mowgli. Mowgli and his animal friends live happily in the jungle until one day Shere Khan the tiger returns and tries to drive him out of the jungle. In 1967, Disney adapted the book into a cartoon film, which is widely regarded as a classic. However, its old age shows. The new film uses much more advanced technology—not only the animals but also the jungle is digitally created. Building the jungle environment on the computer was no easy job. It took more than 800 artists over a year to work on the project. The Jungle Book lasts for about two hours but there is enough tension and humour to hold your attention during the whole film. Two hours seems very short when you're having so much fun!●Subject-verb agreement means choosing the correct singular or plural verb according tothe ⑴_________.●The verb should be singular if the subject is (2)_________；the verb should be plural ifthe subject is (3) _________.* You can choose more than one answer for each blank.●When not only ... but also ... is used as the subject of a sentence, or there be is followedby two or more nouns as the subject of a sentence, the verb agrees with the noun closest to it.B Applying the rulesB1 Circle the correct words to complete the following sentences.1 Is/Are five million dollars enough to make a good film?2 I think Mowgli and Shere Khan is/are the most interesting characters in The Jungle Book.3 Drinking cola often makes/make the cinema experience more enjoyable.4 There is/are one tree and three children on the film poster.5 Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them was/were directed by David Yates.6 If anyone is/are interested in the film, please let me know.B2 After the talk, Laura chatted with Simon. Complete the conversation with the correct forms of the verbs in the box below. Some verbs can be used more than once.Simon: The Jungle Book sounds great. But what the new film so much better than the original?Laura: The picture quality, as well as the special effects,⑵ far better. Not only the animals but also the forest (3) so real! While you watch, you feel like reaching out your hand to touch the leaves.Simon: Sounds super! Believe it or not, there (4) only one real human character in the film. Laura: That's Mowgli, played by a child actor named Neel Sethi. The rest(5) all digitally created.Simon: Does that mean he had to act alone?Laura: Yes. When he acted alone in front of a green screen, a lot of imagination(6) . There was another problem: the digitally created animals had no shadows, but the film team (7) able to find a solution.Simon: How was the problem solved?Laura: Light and shadows (8) thrown onto Mowgli with the aid of a system they developed, showing that animals were moving near him.Simon: That's really interesting and creative!Write a short paragraph about 3-D films. Use the following information to help you. Pay attention to subject-verb agreement.Integrated skills [P.9]Read the film review of The King's Speech below and try to understand its structure.The King's SpeechThe King's Speech is a 2010 British film directed by Tom Hooper. The film stars Colin Firth as King George VI, Geoffrey Rush as Lionel Logue and Helena Bonham Carter as Queen Elizabeth. At the 83rd Academy Awards (the Oscars), the film won Best Picture and Colin Firth won Best.Based on a true story, the film is set in London in the 1930s. Prince Albert, second son of King George V, suffers from a terrible speech problem. The Prince has given up hope of a cure but his wife, Elizabeth, takes him to see Lionel Logue, an Australian speech doctor living in London. Although the two men have very different backgrounds and do not get along at first, they eventually become friends. After the Prince's elder brother gives up being King, Prince Albert becomes King George VI.The film looks like a fairly typical historical film without fancy special effects, and it is made enjoyable by the performances of the main actors. Firth is successful in showing us the King's struggles as well as his courage. He has great chemistry with Rush and Bonham Carter, whose characters are both very believable. In the meantime, Hooper skilfully creates uncertainty and tension with narrow indoor sets and dark lighting.All in all, I highly recommend this film. If you enjoy true stories or films about history, you will love The King's Speech.In pairs, discuss the film you are going to review. Use the following questions and expressions to help you.●What type of film is it?●Who are the director and the main actors?●When and where is the film set?●What is the storyline of the film?●What is your opinion of the film? (Consider the storyline, acting, characters, music andspecial effects.)Who do you think would like the film?① V oice-over: V oice-over refers to the lines in a film that are spoken by a person not seen on the screen. In this scene the grown-up Forrest is remembering a story from his childhood.Extended readingRead the introduction to the film Forrest Gump and the excerpt from its script.Forrest Gump(Excerpt)Forrest Gump is a 1994 film starring Tom Hanks. It tells the story of Forrest Gump, a simple man with a warm personality. Despite an IQ of 75, he lives a truly amazing life. He sees, and sometimes influences, some of the major events of the United States in the second half of the 20th century.Mrs Gump and Forrest wait for the school bus. The bus pulls up as Mrs Gump prepares Forrest for his first day of school.MRS GUMP:You do your very best now, Forrest.FORREST:I sure will, Momma.FORREST (V oice-over): I remember the bus ride on the first day of school very well.The bus driver opens the door and looks down. Forrest walks to the steps of the bus and looks at the bus driver.BOY 3You can't sit here.FORREST (V oice-over)You know, it's funny what a young man recollects. Because I don't remember being born. I, I ... don't recall what I got for my first Christmas and I don't know when 1 went on my first outdoor picnic. But, 1 do remember the first time I heard the sweetest voice in the wide world.GIRL You can sit here if you want.Forrest looks back at Jenny Curran, a young girl about Forrest's age.FORREST I had never seen anything so beautiful in my life. She was like an angel.(V oice-over)JENNY Well, are you going to sit down, or aren't you?Forrest sits down next to Fenny.JENNY:What's wrong with your legs?FORREST:Um, nothing at all, thank you. My legs are just fine and dandy.FORREST(V oice-over):I just sat next to her on that bus and had a conversation all the way to school. JENNY:Then why do you have those shoes on?FORREST:My momma said my back's crooked like a question mark. These are going to make me as straight as an arrow. They're my magic shoes.FORREST(V oice-over):And next to Momma, no one ever talked to me or asked me questions. Jenny:Are you stupid or something?FORREST:Momma says stupid is as stupid does.Jenny puts her hand out toward Forrest. Forrest reaches over and shakes her hand. JENNY:I’m Jenny.FORREST:I'm Forrest. Forrest Gump.FORREST (V oice-over):From that day on, we was always together. Jenny and me was like peas and carrots.ProjectDubbing a film sceneAs a class, discuss some film scenes that you like. Use the ideas below to help you. Then in groups, choose a film scene you are going to dub.As a group, practise dubbing the chosen film scene together.・Speak clearly and try to stay in time with the character speaking in the film.・Use your body language to get into character and help the feelings come naturally. Even though only your voice will be heard, you need to act with your whole body./As a group, present your dubbing to the rest of the class.You can present your dubbing in different ways:•Record both your dubbing and the film scene, and present the video in cl ass.•Record your dubbing and present the audio in class.•Perform your dubbing in class, without recording in advance.AssessmentIn pairs, rank your performance level in the following areas from 1 to 5. Write down your own assessment in the column 〃Me〃and ask your partner to write down his/her assessment of your performance in the column "Partner".If improvement is required for some of the areas above, make an action plan.Further studyThe Jungle Book (2016) is an adventure film about an orphan boy who grows up with his animal friends. They teach him many life lessons to help him survive the dangers in their world. Besides its interesting story, the film is known for its amazing lifelike computer animation effects. Watch it to meet the brave young boy and experience a make-believe world that feels very real.The Academy Awards, more popularly known as the Oscars, are a set of awards for artistic and technical excellence in the film industry. Visit the official website of the AcademyAwards to learn about the history and see the list of past winners.。
英语选修八知识点总结
英语选修八知识点总结This unit focuses on introducing some great scientists and their groundbreaking discoveries. It starts with a brief introduction to the life and achievements of Marie Curie, the first woman to win a Nobel Prize. The unit then moves on to Charles Darwin, the father of modern evolutionary theory, and ends with a discussion on Albert Einstein and his theory of relativity. Throughout the unit, students will learn about the scientific process, the importance of data collection and observation, and the impact of these scientists' work on the field of science.Unit 2 LanguageIn this unit, students will explore the complex and dynamic nature of language. They will learn about the different elements of language, such as grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation, and how they contribute to effective communication. The unit also covers the evolution of language, including the origins of human language and the development of writing systems. Additionally, students will examine the role of language in society and its impact on various cultures around the world.Unit 3 TravelUnit 3 focuses on the topic of travel, including the history of travel, different modes of transportation, and the impact of travel on the environment. Students will learn about the development of transportation over time and how it has shaped the way people explore the world. They will also explore the environmental impacts of travel, including air and water pollution, and ways to mitigate these effects. Additionally, students will gain an understanding of the positive and negative aspects of travel and its influence on global connectivity.Unit 4 Inventions and inventorsThis unit delves into the world of inventions and inventors, discussing how innovation has shaped human history. Students will learn about famous inventions, such as the lightbulb and the telephone, and the people behind them. They will also explore the process of invention, including problem-solving and creativity. The unit also covers the impact of inventions on society, including the positive and negative consequences of technological advancements.Unit 5 FuturologyUnit 5 looks into the future, discussing the concept of futurology and the study of potential developments in society and technology. Students will learn about the methods and techniques used in predicting the future, such as trend analysis and scenario planning. They will also explore the ethical implications of future technologies, including artificial intelligence and genetic engineering. Additionally, the unit will cover the role of futurists in shaping public policy and preparing for potential societal changes.Unit 6 AchievementsThis unit focuses on human achievements, including personal accomplishments and societal advancements. Students will learn about different types of achievements, such as academic, athletic, and artistic successes, and the impact they have on individuals and communities. The unit also covers the concept of success and how it is defined and measured in different cultures. Additionally, students will explore the role of perseverance and determination in achieving goals, as well as the importance of celebrating achievements.Unit 7 HealthUnit 7 discusses the topic of health, covering the physical, mental, and emotional aspects of well-being. Students will learn about different health issues, such as nutrition, exercise, and mental health, and how they contribute to overall wellness. The unit also explores the impact of modern lifestyles on health, including the prevalence of chronic diseases and the importance of preventive care. Additionally, students will gain an understanding of the social determinants of health and their influence on individuals and communities.Unit 8 MediaThe final unit explores the role of media in society and its impact on culture and public opinion. Students will learn about different forms of media, such as print, broadcast, and digital, and their influence on communication and information dissemination. The unit also covers the power of media in shaping public discourse and narratives, including the role of propaganda and misinformation. Additionally, students will gain an understanding of media literacy and the importance of critical thinking in consuming and interpreting media content.Overall, the topics covered in this course provide students with a broad understanding of various aspects of human knowledge and experience, including science, language, travel, inventions, futurism, achievements, health, and media. By exploring these topics, students can gain a deeper appreciation for the complexities of the world and the interconnectedness of different fields of study. Additionally, the course aims to foster critical thinking, curiosity, and a passion for learning, which are essential skills for navigating an increasingly complex and interconnected global society.。
科技英语课后答案
科技英语课后答案【篇一：科技英语课后答案】class=txt>第一单元第8页 9. 伺服驱动器 servo actuator1. processing speed处理速度2. user-friendly interactive graphics用户友好的交互图形3. product cycle产品周期4. design specification设计规格5. design evaluation设计评价6. 计算机辅助设计cad7. 计算机辅助制造cam8. 计算机辅助工程.cae9. 设计过程design process10. 制造过程production process第二单元第24页1. amplitude modulation [am] 调幅2. radio frequency射频3. ice bath冰点槽4.be proportional to与?成比例5.a digital display register数字显示器6.音频麦克风audio microphone7.接收系统receiving system8.传输系统transmitting system9.开关控制on-off control10.设置温度set the temperature第三单元第37页1.manual or automatic transmissions手动或自动挡2.the interior design内部设计minated lithium-ion cells薄板锂离子电池4.solar panel太阳能电池板5.head and tail lamps头尾灯6.概念车concept car7.全景摄像头around view camera8.测试平台test bed9.电池组battery pack10.转弯半径tuning circle第四单元第51页1. part program零件程序2. punched tape 穿孔纸带3. hydraulic actuator液压制动器4. dimensional information三维信息5. computer numerical control计算机数控6. 电子工业协会 eia7. 基本长度单位 basic length-unit8. 以?的形式in the form of10. 步进电机stepping motor 第五单元第66页 1. laser printers激光打印机 2. local area network局域网 3. nonvolatile memory永久性存储器4. optical scanner光扫描仪 5. electronic circuitry电子电路 6. 调制解调器modulator-demodulator 7. 色带inked ribbon 8. 只读存储器read-only memory 9. 数码影碟digital versatile disc 10. 中央处理器 cpu（central processing unit只用回答cpu就行了）第六单元第83页 1. commercial transactions 商业交易 2. electronic medium电子媒介 3. communication platforms交流平台4. after-sale service and support售后服务和支持 5. internal processes内部流程 6. 营销工具marketing tool 7. 售前信息pre-purchase information 8. 高科技（公司的）股票high-tech stocks 9. 信息技术information technology 10. 一种全新的方法/式 an entirely new way 第七单元第99页 1.technology revolution技术革命 2. voice commands语音命令 3. cellular network蜂窝网络 4. set up temporary offices建立临时办公室 5. location-based service定位服务 6. 掌上电脑personal digital assistant 7. 投影键盘projection keyboard 8. 手机迷a phone guy 9. 豪华大屏显the luxuriously large screen 10. 智能手机 smart phones. 第八单元第113页 1.giant magnetoresistive effect巨磁电阻效应2.semiconductor lasers and leds半导体激光器和发光二极管3. national nanotechnology initiative（美国)国家纳米技术计划4. carbon fiber reinforced plastics碳纤维增强7. 纳米技术nanotechnology塑料 8. 条形码阅读器barcode readers5. rechargeable batteries充电电池 9. 固态照明装置solid-state lighting6. 非磁性材料nonmagnetic materials 10. 锂离子电池li-ion battery一、翻译句子（考5个）第一单元第8页1. today’s industries cannot survive worldwide competition unless they introduce new productswith better quality（quality, q）, at lower cost（cost, c）, and with shorter time delivery（delivery,d）.除非能以较低的价格提供更好的质量及更短的交货时间提供新产品，否则任何企业都无法在当今的国际竞争中立足。
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第八课：OptiSystem—多模部件工作OptiSystem的多模部件程序库允许连接多模信号。
这里介绍的项目用在在OptiSystem文件夹下的样品或多模。
这个指南的第一部分将要介绍空间光学元件和信号发生器的程序库。
这些部件能够包括光学信号中的横向模式剖面。
在程序库中有两类部件：空间光学元件/发射器横向模式发生器空间发射器是“即食”组件，来封装一个光源或者发射器和一个横向模式发部件名称文件夹图标空间连续波激光器发射器程序库/光学元件连续波激光器发射器程序库/光学元件空间LED 发射器程序库/光学元件空间光学高斯脉冲发生器发射器程序库/脉冲发射器/光学空间光脉冲发生器发射器程序库/脉冲发射器/光学空间光双曲脉冲发生器发射器程序库/脉冲发射器空间光学发生器发射器程序库/光学发生器空间垂直腔面发射激光器发射器程序库/光学元件部件名称文件夹图标多模发生器发生器程序库/多模拉氏横向发生器发生器程序库/多模埃尔米特横向发生器发生器程序库/多模圆环式横向发生器发生器程序库/多模标准横向发生器发生器程序库/多模这意味着你可以直接从表一中使用任一个部件或者你可以将几个光学元件，脉冲发生器和表二中的一个横向模式发生器结合起来组成一个新的系统第二部分的指南提出了被动元件，它能传输和旋转光场以及光学聚焦光束或者使用光圈来限制光纤束。
最后，描述了接收器和光探测器组件多模发生器全局参数我们使用OptiSystem的第一步是建立在全局参数的。
正如我们知道的第一个主要的参数是时间窗，用来计算出比特率和序列长度。
对于多模模拟，有额外的空间窗口为横向配置文件定义空间窗口。
X，Y轴的空间宽度和网格间距参数可以在全局窗口参数中使用。
（图1）图1 全局参数：空间效果选项卡这教程中我们除了比特率改变到10 GB /秒，其他的都是用默认参数在在全局参数对话框中，改变比特率到10 e9。
时间窗的参数应该为1.28e-8 s。
（图2）图2 全局参数：仿真参数选项卡系统设置在全局参数设置后，我们就可以开始加入器件设置基本的多模发送器从部件库拖曳下面的组件到布局•从“默认/发射器库/光学源”,拖放到“连续波激光”的布局。
•从“默认/发射器数据库/多模”,拖放到“多模发电机“的布局。
•从“默认/观察器数据库光学”,拖放到“空间观察器”的布局。
下一步是根据图3连接器件图3 多模发送器空间效果标签空间效果标签可作用于所有空间光学源，发送器和脉冲发生器以及横向模式发生器组件。
空间效果标签的一个主要的参数是功率比数组。
这是一串数组列出每一模的功率比。
例如，输入一组表四的值将允许用户也制定每个测试值特定模式的性质•打开“多模发生器”组件的参数设置•在空间效果标签的功率比参数数组中输入下列值：1 2 3 4注意Pol参数。
LP指数X数组将自动增加LP数组的生成模式的测量值（图4）图4 多模发生器-改变功率比的值•在空间效果标签的Pol 的XLP 指数阵列参数中，输入下列值：0 0，2 2，3 0，3 1。
这意味着多模发生器每极产生4个空间模功率比每模将为0.1、0.2、0.3和0.4。
其和为1（100%的输入功率） 每模都有自己的拉盖尔-高斯型，和LG 指标00LG ，22LG ，30LG ，31LG 。
两极有相同的空间模（模极化参数相等 X=Y ）运行仿真我们可以运行该仿真和分析结果•运行仿真时，你可以在“文件”菜单上选择Calculate ，也可以按Control+F5或者使用工具栏中的Calculate 按钮。
在你选择Calculate 之后，将出现计算的对话框。
•在计算的对话框中，按下Play 按钮，计算中履行没有错误观察结果为了看到结果，双击Spatial visualizer 。
当使用Spatial visualizer 时，你在观察器的输入口能看到每一模的剖面。
用户可以选择X 极或Y 极，格式（极坐标图或者矩形图和曲线图（功率，相位，实部或虚部）此外还能显示模的总和观察曲线图的空间大小的定义和X ，Y 的空间宽度全局参数的定义是一样的。
图5 空间观察器能够显示每一模，模的总和为了在输入口浏览每一模的可利用性，改变模的参数和数量按“Enter”，观察器就会重新计算曲线图并显示单独的图像。
图6 空间观察器显示每一模的实部部分结合激光和连续多模发生器部件可以代替空间连续激光组件:•从“默认/发生器库/光学源”,拖放“空间连续波激光”的布局。
•在空间连续波激光参数,使用和多模发生器的空间效果标签相同的参数值。
下一步是按图7连接部件。
你可以移动多模发生器和连接空间观察器到空间连续波激光。
运行仿真。
图7 使用空间连续波激光的多模发生器该系统从表一中建立使用成分，相当于表三中的一种，表三是从表2中建立使用成分的。
空间观察器的结果能从表5和表6中同样显示。
多模部件和自由空间扩展当一个信号耦合成多模光纤激光器或者从光纤耦合成一个光电探测器时，我部件名称文件夹图标空间连接器被动库/光学/连接器空间孔被动库/光学/连接器薄透镜被动库/光学/连接器涡镜头被动库/光学/连接器空间连接器：光场的移动重要部件之一就是空间连接器，该组件可以实现光场的旋转，移动以及光学信号的传播。
•从“默认/元件库/光学/连接器/ ",拖放“空间连接器”的布局。
•空间连接器,改变参数X和Y转移到5um。
•在布局中加入另一个空间观察器。
•根据图8连接部件。
•运行模拟。
图8 多模发生器和空间连接器观察结果为了观察结果。
在第二个空间观察器中双击并且比较连接器前和连接器后的曲线图连接器应用于X和Y轴的空间转换(图9)。
图9 空间显示器显示连接器前和后的转变模为了看到光场中自由空间传播的影响,我们可以增加连接器参数距离:•空间连接器,改变参数距离200um。
•空间观察器,改变参数格式到极。
•运行模拟。
图10比较横向强度在自由空间传播中增加200um之前和之后的模的特性,你可以看到,第二个光束较大图10 空间观察器显示发生器模在X,Y方向改变5um，横向强度在自由空间传播中增加200um之前和之后的模的特性空间连接器：旋转光场除了在光场的转移和在自由空间的传播，用户还可以应用X,Y轴的倾斜旋转光场或者关于Z轴旋转。
•空间连接器,改变X,Y轴参数为0um，距离为100um。
•空间观察器,改变参数X,Y倾斜5度。
•运行模拟。
观察结果为了看到结果,双击在两个空间观察器并比较连接器之前和之后的曲线图。
连接器应用在X,Y轴的空间倾斜，观察在自由空间中的传播 (如图10)。
图11 空间观察器显示清晰5度和100um的传播模薄透镜:会聚光束利用薄透镜组成部分用户可以会聚或发散光学的光束。
•从“默认/图书馆/光学被动/多模/ ",拖放“薄透镜”组件的布局。
•增加一个“空间连接器”和“空间观察器”的布局。
•“空间连续波激光”,将参数X轴的大小到15um。
•第一空间连接器,将移动和倾斜参数为0,参数距离为10um。
•第二空间连接器,将移动和倾斜参数为0,参数距离65um。
•薄透镜,参数焦距到0.1毫米。
•根据图12连接部件。
•运行模拟。
图12使用薄透镜聚焦光束光学组件观察结果为了看到结果,双击在空间观察器并比较第二个连接器之前和之后的图。
在第一次大型横梁接头的结合是降低薄透镜和一种自由空间扩展。
图13提出了在的第一输出连接器, 第二输出端连接器的光场。
图13 空间观察器显示第二个连接器之前和之后的图空间孔:限制光场利用空间缝隙组件用户可以降低滤光场的光功率溢出孔面积外。
•从“默认/图书馆/光学被动库/多模/ ",拖放“空间孔”的布局。
•从布局移动下薄透镜和第二连接器。
•依据图14连接部件。
•运行模拟。
图14 使用空间孔组件限制光场的横梁观察结果为了看到结果, 在空间观察器双击并比较空间缝隙之前和之后的图。
输出光束局限于孔直径10(图15)。
你可以用空间缝隙模拟轴承座组成.纤维/探测器耦合。
图15 空间观察器显示空间孔之前和之后的传输模组件用户也可以选择一个矩形空间孔的类型:•设置空间孔径、孔参数类型“广场”。
•运行模拟。
观察到这光光束将有一个方形的空间孔 (图16)。
图16 显示空间观察器横向式空间缝隙多模接收机相似的多模发射机,那里的使用可以选择一种即食空间构件从图书馆,或建立新的空间组件结合空间和no-spatial组件,OptiSystem也不同的多模接收机部件名称文件夹图标空间光学接收器接收库/光学接收器空间PIN探测器接收库/光学接收器空间APD探测器接收库/光学接收器空间接收器和探测器的主要参数和探测器的活跃点有关,定义为参数的宽度系统设置使用以前相同的全局参数,我们可以开始加入的器件设计基本的多模态的环节。
从部件库拖拽下面的组件到布局:•从“默认/发射器库/光学发射器”,拖放“空间光发射机”的布局。
•发生器,改变Pol.X参数。
孔径尺寸(空间效果标签)到15um。
•从“默认/图书馆/光接收机接收”,拖放“空间光接收机“的布局。
•接收器,改变参数热噪声(噪音标签)至5 e-22 W /赫兹。
这将给接收机灵敏度0-17 dBm(10 GB/s, Q = 6)。
•从“默认/专业图书馆/电气”,拖放“BER分析仪”的布局。
•从“默认/专业图书馆/光学”,拖放两个“光时域观察器”的布局。
•把所有的参数空间连接器连接到0。
从以往的布局使用连接器和观察器,下一步是根据图1连接部件7图17 在空间发射机和接收机使用多模链接运行仿真和模拟完成后的结果观察误码率分析仪。
观察结果图17环节几乎是理想的,因为我们没有任何重大损失或者轴承座发射机和接收机之间。
空间连接器是理想和只有一个小损失的输入信号之间的差别点尺寸和活跃的地区在光电探测器(10点的大小和模式15)。
图18提出了成熟的图17、观察连续的价值的因素。
图18 BER图显示误码率分析仪的理想环节为了视觉效果之间的错位发射机和接收机,我们将在纵向转移光场的空间连接使用组件。
使用OptiSystem参数扫描分析特点,我们将在光学信号使用一个空间转变从0um到20um。
•空间连接器、改变模式的参数X转移。
•设定总数10迭代。
•在参数扫描分析对话框,使用线性扩散参数转换为0um到20um(图19)。
图19使用参数扫描分析的参数X转换接头0到20um •运行仿真仿真会运行10次,每次价值转移的X参数。
最后的计算,我们可以浏览结果选择当前扫迭代,或者我们可以想象的结果与X转变Q-Factor利用该报告页。
•选择报告页。
•拖放一个2 D图报告的。
•从项目的浏览器,选择空间连接器和拖放参数改变进入目标X的图。
•从项目的浏览器,选择BER分析仪和拖放结果马克斯。
问因素引入运动图的低回声(图20)。
图20 结合使用后参数和结果报告页窗体顶端就像你看到的那样,在图20,产值问正在减少。