福建省福州市八县(市)一中2021届高三上学期期中联考 英语(含答案)
福建省福州市八县(市)2024届高三5月模拟联考英语质量检测试题(含答案)
2024届福建省福州市八县（市）高考英语质量检测模拟联考试题第一部分听力理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听完每段对话你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £9.18.C. £9.15.答案是C。
1. What will the speakers do today?A. Visit a zoo.B. Climb a bridge.C. Watch a play.2. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Language teaching in middle school.B. nish speaking in the US.C. Karen’s career plan.3. Why did Mark fail to finish the game?A. He got a red card.B. He fainted suddenly.C. He didn’t feel very well.4. How does the woman sound in the end?A. Relieved.B. Worried.C. Disappointed.5. What is Henry’s solution to his problems?A. Turn to friends.B. Apply for a loan.C. Do a full-time job.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分12.5分）听下面几段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
福建省福州市福州市八县一中2023-2024学年高一上学期11月期中英语试题
福建省福州市福州市八县一中2023-2024学年高一上学期11月期中英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读理解Do you want to visit Warwick Castle in Britain? Warwick is a friendly and a memorable experience with something for all ages. Easily accessible by car, bus, train, cycling or on foot,Buy tickets online now!Important notes on ticketingPlease note that if you wish to visit the Castle using an on-the-day promotional voucher(票券), your Dungeon experience can be prebooked by calling 0870 442 2375.An extra fee (£1.50) applies to all bookings made online and via telephone – one fee per booking. Children must be accompanied by an adult. Group rates are available for groups of more than 10 people. Group tickets can be booked by calling 0870 442 2371 or online. Online bookings must be made 24 hours before you visit.1．If you hope to visit Castle Dungeon, you should ________.A．buy the ticket in person B．dial 0870 442 2371C．book the ticket from D．book the ticket two days in advance 2．What is the advantage of booking tickets online?A．You don’t have to wait in queue.B．You can save £ 20 in total.C．The ticket includes the Castle Dungeon.D．The ticket is available at any time.3．If you want to book the Ultimate Family Ticket online, you should pay ________.A．£ 55.00B．£ 48.50C．£ 47.00D．£ 37.60 4．Which of the following is true according to the passage?A．Children can pay a visit to the castle in group or alone as long as they book a ticket.B．You can have a 20% discount(折扣)if you book group tickets.C．It is necessary for you to book a ticket online one day ahead of your visit.D．Two disabled children should pay at least £ 10 for their tickets to the castle.5．The passage probably is taken from ________.A．a newspaper B．a magazine C．a geography book D．a websiteFor centuries, people in the sunny Mediterranean (地中海) would get up after long, relaxing meals and take a walk, often to the town square to see neighbors and socialize. Walking is so much a part of the lifestyle that it is seen as the most important part of thesuper-healthy Mediterranean diet.Studies have found that it may be one of the reasons the Mediterranean diet can reduce the risk for some diseases like diabetes, high cholesterol, heart disease, stroke and some cancers – all the while strengthening bones, improving brain health, preventing dementia (痴呆) and helping with healthy weight loss.Now you can add another reason to take a post-meal walk – it may lower your blood sugar. That trip doesn’t need to take up a huge amount of your time either: Walking as little as two to five minutes after a meal can do, according to a 2022 study in the journal Sports Medicine.Standing after a meal can help, too, but not as much as putting one foot in front of the other, said study coauthor Aidan Buffey, a doctoral student in sport sciences department at the University of Limerick in Ireland.“Standing on and off throughout the day and after meals reduced blood sugar on average by 9.51% compared to long hours of sitting. However, light-walking throughout the day saw a greater reduction of blood sugar by an average of 17.01% compared to long hours of sitting,” Buffey said.“This suggests that breaking long hours of sitting with standing and light-walking throughout the day is good for blood sugar levels. Standing is good, but walking is better,” he added.6．What is the purpose of Paragraph 1?A．To introduce a lifestyle.B．To warn the readers.C．To lead in the topic.D．To prove an opinion.7．What benefits can the Mediterranean diet bring to people EXCEPT ______?A．Losing appropriate weight B．Making bones strongerC．Preventing the risk for diseases D．Improving brain health8．What does “putting one foot in front of the other” in paragraph 4 mean?A．Standing.B．Sitting.C．Walking.D．Lying.9．How did Aidan Buffey draw his conclusion?A．By doing surveys (调查).B．By comparing the data (数据).C．By doing experiment.D．By referring to other studies. 10．What is the best title for the text?A．Walking can help lower blood sugar B．There are reasons to stick to walkingC．Mediterranean diet is super healthy D．Long hours of sitting after meal is a bad habit“Our aim is to take our art to the world and makepeople understand what it is to move,” said David Belle, the founder of parkour (跑酷).Do you love running? It is a good exercise, yet many people find it boring. But what if making your morning jog a creative one? Like jumping from walls and over gaps, and ground rolls? Just like the James Bond in the movie Casino Royale? Bond jumps down from a roof to a windowsill and then runs several blocks over obstacles on the way. It is just because of Bond’s wonderful performances that the sport has become popular worldwide.Yes, that’s parkour, an extreme street sport aimed at moving from one point to another as quickly as possible, getting over all the obstacles in the path using only the abilities of the human body. Parkour is considered an extreme sport. As its participants dash around a city, they may jump over fences, run up walls and even move from rooftop to rooftop.Parkour can be just as exciting and charming as it sounds, but its participants see parkour much more than that.Overcoming all the obstacles on the course and in life is part of the philosophy (理念) behind parkour. This is the same as life. You must determine your destination, go straight, jump over all the barriers as if in parkour and never fall back from them in your life, to reach the destination successfully. A parkour lover said, “I love parkour because its philosophy has become my life, my way to do everything.”Another philosophy we’ve learnt from parkour is freedom. It can be done by anyone, at any time, anywhere in the world. It is a kind of expression of trust in yourself that you earn energy and confidence.11．Parkour has become popular throughout the world because of .A．its founder, David Belle B．the film, Casino RoyaleC．its risks and tricks D．the varieties of participantsA．streets B．objectsC．barriers D．roofs13．Which of the following is true of parkour?A．It challenges human abilities.B．It is a good but boring sport.C．It needs special training.D．It is a team sport.A．they can ask for help B．they may choose to escapeC．they should run to extremes D．they must learn to survive15．Which of the following is the philosophy of parkour?A．Sports and extremes.B．Excitement and popularity.C．Dreams and success.D．Determination and freedom.二、七选五Today, people are working from home more than ever. As a result, many dogs are enjoying a lot more time with, and attention from, their owners. Dog adoption (收养) rates have skyrocketed as people seek enjoyment and companionship. But what will happen when life eventually returns to normal? 16 .Teach puppies alone time17 . Otherwise, they may become anxious when they are alone, which can result in damaging behavior such as chewing on furniture and digging up plants in the garden. Teaching your puppy to be comfortable alone right from the start will help you avoid separation issues in future. Pleasing as it is to let your cute puppy follow you around, this can lead to them becoming overly dependent and potentially anxious when left alone.Set up a playpen or CrateAn enclosed space will keep them safe when you’re not in the same room. Allocate (分配) some time each day to leave your puppy alone – after playtime is perfect. Allow them an opportunity to toilet and then give them something safe to chew on to help them settle. If you are planning for your dog to spend time outside during the day, it is essential that you set this up from the beginning.18It’s important for adult dogs to also spend time alone. When you are home, put your dogoutside for short periods while offering a chew (咀嚼) toy, or encourage them to settle on their bed or in a crate while you move around different parts of the home. Setting up and maintaining an exercise routine (惯例) will be important once you start leaving home more, or your dog may become bored and possibly damaging.Establish good chew habitsTeach your puppy or dog what is acceptable for them to chew. Only give them toys that are clearly different from household items. 19 . When you want your dog to have some quiet time, give them a safe chew toy so they learn to connect this time with something positive. When you leave home, give them a chew toy to help them relax and keep them busy.Train your dogThis should include teaching the basics of “sit”, “stay”, and “down” but also training them to go to their bed and stay in position when requested. 20 .A．Create a routineB．Maintain appropriate exerciseC．Dogs like routine because it makes them feel safeD．Chewable toys that can be stuffed with a treat like peanut butter are a good choice E．Trick training is also a nice way to use any extra time to develop the bond with your dogF．These tips will help you raise a puppy or train a dog to be content when you are not aroundG．Dogs are social creatures and need to learn some skills to be comfortable when left unattended三、完形填空Friday night meant a family dinner for me at home. There would be discussions andlight the candles with my mom.Years later, my father passed away, and then my mother insisted on going to live in a care home. I seemed to be totally 28 from the boring tradition, but I didn’t feel 29 . I missed the chicken soup. Although I have her recipe, I’ve never actually 30 the soup myself. I missed the warm-lighted candles. Standing together, we’d make 31 with our hands around the lit candles, bringing the light into our hearts.That’s why I accepted 32 when my husband advised to 33 the tradition “I can help with the soup.” If there’s one thing I’ve 34 , these family traditions are really worth cherishing before they 35 , from the chicken soup recipes to lighting candles.21．A．remembered B．hated C．enjoyed D．chose 22．A．early B．late C．already D．again 23．A．instructions B．applications C．organizations D．solutions 24．A．natural B．formal C．dull D．creative 25．A．tradition B．comfort C．schedule D．course 26．A．elected B．turned C．dressed D．set 27．A．point B．dishes C．food D．forks 28．A．protected B．freed C．recovered D．discouraged 29．A．lost B．happy C．curious D．nervous 30．A．served B．stirred C．made D．poured 31．A．fortunes B．efforts C．circles D．noises 32．A．immediately B．generally C．widely D．regretfully 33．A．throw away B．go over C．check in D．take over 34．A．controlled B．forgotten C．admitted D．learned 35．A．exist B．improve C．disappear D．continue四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
福建省福州市八县市2023-2024学年高一上学期期中联考试题 数学含解析
2023-2024学年度第一学期八县（市、区）一中期中联考高中一年数学科试卷（答案在最后）11月8日完卷时间：120分钟满分：150分第Ⅰ卷一、单项选择题（本题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，有且只有一项是符合题目要求的）1.设全集{}1,2,3,4,5U =，集合{}{}1,2,4,5A B ==，则U A B ⋃=ð（）A.{}1,2,3 B.{}1,2,3,4,5 C.{}1,2,4,5 D.{}2,3,4,52.以下选项正确的是（）A.若a b >，则11a b< B.若a b >，则22ac bc >C.若0c a b >>>，则a bc a c b >-- D.若0a b c >>>，则a a cb b c+<+3.设()11,,1,2,32f x x αα⎛⎫⎧⎫=∈-⎨⎬ ⎪⎩⎭⎝⎭，则“函数()f x 的图象经过点()1,1-”是“函数()f x 在(),0∞-上递减”的（）A.充分不必要条件B.必要不充分条件C.充要条件D.既不充分也不必要条件4.已知)1fx -=-+()f x 的值域是（）A.1,4⎛⎤-∞ ⎥⎝⎦B.(],0-∞ C.1,4⎛⎫-∞ ⎪⎝⎭D.1,4⎡⎫+∞⎪⎢⎣⎭5.定义在R 上的偶函数()f x 满足：对任意的[)()1212,0,,x x x x ∈+∞≠，有()()21210f x f x x x -<-，且()30f =，则不等式()0xf x >的解集是（）A.()3,3- B.()()3,03,-⋃+∞ C.()(),33,-∞-+∞ D.()(),30,3-∞-⋃6.设函数()()210f x mx x m =-->，命题“存在()12,2x f x ≤≤>”是假命题，则实数m 的取值范围是（）A.54m ≥B.504m <≤C.04m <≤D.504m <<7.已知函数()212x f x x +=+，下列推断正确的个数是（）①函数图像关于y 轴对称；②函数()f x 与()3f x +的值域相同；③()f x 在[]1,2上有最大值23；④()f x 的图像恒在直线1y =的下方．A.1B.2C.3D.48.若至少存在一个0x <，使得关于x 的不等式2332x a x x -->+成立，则实数a 的取值范围是（）A.37,34⎛⎫-⎪⎝⎭B.133,4⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭C.3713,44⎛⎫-⎪⎝⎭ D.()3,3-二、多项选择题（本题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，有多项符合题目要求．全部选对的得5分，部分选对的得2分，有选错的得0分）9.下列结论中错误的有（）A.集合{}03x x ∈≤<N 的真子集有7个B.已知命题2:,10p x x x ∀∈-+≥R ，则2000:,10p x x x ⌝∃∉-+<R C.函数y =与函数y =表示同一个函数D.若函数()2f x 的定义域为[]0,2，则函数()31f x +的定义域为[]1,510.已知,a b 为正实数，则下列说法正确的是（）A.的最小值为2B.若2a b +=的最大值是2．C.若2a b ab +=则ab 的最小值是8．D.若121a b+=则2a b +的最大值是8．11.已知()f x 是定义在R 上的奇函数，()g x 是定义在R 上的偶函数，且()(),f x g x 在(],0-∞单调递增，则以下结论正确的是（）A.()()()()12ff f f < B.()()()()12f g f g -<C.()()()()12g f g f > D.()()()()12g g g g >12.已知函数()[)()[)0,212,2,2x f x f x x ∞∈=⎨-∈+⎪⎩，则以下结论正确的是（）A.当[)()2,4,x f x ∈=B .[)()()1212,0,,x x f x f x ∀∈+∞-<C.若()24f x <在[),t +∞上恒成立，则t 的最小值为6D.若关于x 的方程()()()22210a f x a f x ⎡⎤+++=⎣⎦有三个不同的实数根则(a ∈--．第П卷三、填空题（本题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分．将答案填在答题卡的相应位置上）13.不等式102x x3-≥-的解集为______．14.已知函数()22,12,1x x f x x x x +≤-⎧=⎨-+>-⎩，若()3f a =-，则实数a 的值为______．15.若函数()()239g x f x x =-是奇函数，且()13f -=，则()1f =______．16.已知命题:p “方程2210ax x ++=至少有一个负实根”，若p 为真命题的一个必要不充分条件为1a m ≤+，则实数m 的取值范围是______．四、解答题（本大题共6小题，共70分．解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤）17.设U =R ，已知集合{}25A x x =-≤≤，{}121B x m x m =+≤≤-．（1）当4m =时，求()U A B ð；（2）若B ≠∅，且B A ⊆，求实数m 的取值范围．18.已知函数()()2,2,24xf x x x =∈-+．（1）求()()1ff 的值；（2）用定义证明函数()f x 在()2,2-上为增函数；（3）若()()1210f t f t +-->，求实数t 的取值范围．19.均值不等式)0,02a ba b +≥>>可以推广成均值不等式链，在不等式证明和求最值中有广泛的应()20,0112a b a b a b+≥≥≥>>+．（12a b+≥.上面给出的均值不等式链是二元形式，其中()0,02a ba b +≥>>指的是两个正数的平方平均数不小它们的算数平均数，类比这个不等式给出对应的三元形式，即三个正数的平方平均数不小于它们的算数平均数（无需证明）（2）若一个直角三角形的直角边分别为,a b ，斜边4c =，求直角三角形周长l 的取值范围．20.福清的观音埔大桥横跨龙江两岸是福清的标志性建筑之一，提高过江大桥的车辆通行能力可改善整个城市的交通状况，在一般情况下，大桥上的车流速度v （单位：千米/小时）是车流密度x （单位：辆/千米）的函数，当车流密度不超过50辆/千米时，车流速度为50千米/小时，当50150x ≤≤时，车流速度v 是车流密度x 的一次函数．当桥上的车流密度达到150辆/千米时，造成堵塞，此时车流速度为0．（1）当0150x ≤≤时，求函数()v x 的表达式；（2）当车流密度x 为多大时，车流量（单位时间内通过桥上某观测点的车辆数，单位：辆/小时）()()f x x v x =⋅可以达到最大，并求出最大值．（精确到1辆/时）．21.已知函数()()()2236f x ax a x a =-++∈R （1）若()0f x >的解集是{|2x x <或}3x >，求实数a 的值；（2）当1a =时，若22x -≤≤时函数()()532f x m x m ≤-+++有解，求m 的取值范围．22.设函数()(),f x F x 的定义域分别为,I D ，且ID ．若对于任意x I ∈，都有()()F x f x =，则称()F x 为()f x 在D 上的一个延伸函数．给定函数()()22103f x x x x =+-<≤．（1）若()F x 是()f x 在给定[]3,3-上的延伸函数，且()F x 为奇函数，求()F x 的解析式；（2）设()g x 为()f x 在()0,∞+上的任意一个延伸函数，且()()g x h x x=是()0,∞+上的单调函数．①证明：当(]0,3x ∈时，()()121222h x h x x x h ++⎛⎫≥⎪⎝⎭．②判断()h x 在(]0,3的单调性（直接给出结论即可）；并证明：0,0m n ∀>>都有()()()g m n g m g n +>+．2023-2024学年度第一学期八县（市、区）一中期中联考高中一年数学科试卷11月8日完卷时间：120分钟满分：150分第Ⅰ卷一、单项选择题（本题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，有且只有一项是符合题目要求的）1.设全集{}1,2,3,4,5U =，集合{}{}1,2,4,5A B ==，则U A B ⋃=ð（）A.{}1,2,3 B.{}1,2,3,4,5 C.{}1,2,4,5 D.{}2,3,4,5【答案】A 【解析】【分析】应用集合的补集和并集的运算即可.【详解】依题得U {1,2,3}B =ð，则{}U 1,2,3A B =⋃ð.故选：A2.以下选项正确的是（）A.若a b >，则11a b< B.若a b >，则22ac bc >C.若0c a b >>>，则a bc a c b>-- D.若0a b c >>>，则a a cb b c+<+【答案】C 【解析】【分析】根据不等式的性质、差比较法等知识确定正确答案.【详解】A 选项，若a b >，如1,1a b ==-，则11a b>，所以A 选项错误.B 选项，若a b >，0c =，则22ac bc =，所以B 选项错误.C 选项，若0c a b >>>，则0,0,0c a c b a b ->->->，则()()()()()()()0a c b b c a a b c a bc a c b c a c b c a c b -----==>------，所以a bc a c b>--，所以C 选项正确.D 选项，若0a b c >>>，则0a b ->，()()()()()0a b c b a c a b c a a c b b c b b c b b c +-+-+-==>+++，所以a a cb b c+>+，所以D 选项错误.故选：C3.设()11,,1,2,32f x x αα⎛⎫⎧⎫=∈-⎨⎬ ⎪⎩⎭⎝⎭，则“函数()f x 的图象经过点()1,1-”是“函数()f x 在(),0∞-上递减”的（）A.充分不必要条件B.必要不充分条件C.充要条件D.既不充分也不必要条件【答案】A 【解析】【分析】由幂函数的性质结合充分条件和必要条件的定义即可得出答案.【详解】函数()f x 的图象经过点()1,1-，则()()11f x α=-=，因为11,,1,2,32α⎧⎫∈-⎨⎬⎩⎭，所以2α=，所以()2f x x =，所以()f x 在(),0∞-上递减，而()f x 在(),0∞-上递减，函数()f x 的图象不一定经过点()1,1-，如：()1f x x -=.所以“函数()f x 的图象经过点()1,1-”是“函数()f x 在(),0∞-上递减”的充分不必要条件.故选：A .4.已知)1fx -=-+()f x 的值域是（）A.1,4⎛⎤-∞ ⎥⎝⎦B.(],0-∞ C.1,4⎛⎫-∞ ⎪⎝⎭D.1,4⎡⎫+∞⎪⎢⎣⎭【答案】A 【解析】【分析】求出函数()f x 的表达式即可得出值域.【详解】由题意，在)1fx -=-+1t-=，即()21x t=+,∴()()2211f t t t t t=-+++=--即()2f x x x=--，在()2f x x x=--中，10-<，开口向下，对称轴()112212bxa-=-=-=-⨯-，∴()211112224f x f⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫≤-=---=⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭，∴()f x的值域是1,4⎛⎤-∞⎥⎝⎦，故选：A.5.定义在R上的偶函数()f x满足：对任意的[)()1212,0,,x x x x∈+∞≠，有()()2121f x f xx x-<-，且()30f=，则不等式()0xf x>的解集是（）A.()3,3- B.()()3,03,-⋃+∞ C.()(),33,-∞-+∞D.()(),30,3-∞-⋃【答案】D【解析】【分析】根据函数单调性的定义知，()f x在[)0,∞+上单调递减，在(),0∞-上单调递增，且()30f=，分0x>与0x<两种情况进行求解，得到答案.【详解】因为对任意的[)()1212,0,,x x x x∈+∞≠，有()()2121f x f xx x-<-，所以()f x在[)0,∞+上单调递减，又()f x为定义在R上的偶函数，所以()f x在(),0∞-上单调递增，且()()330f f-==，当0x>时，由()0xf x>得()()03f x f>=，故03x<<，当0x<时，由()0xf x>得()()03f x f<=-，故3x<-，综上：不等式()0xf x>的解集是()(),30,3-∞-⋃.故选：D.6.设函数()()210f x mx x m=-->，命题“存在()12,2x f x≤≤>”是假命题，则实数m的取值范围是（）A.54m ≥B.504m <≤C.04m <≤D.504m <<【答案】B 【解析】【分析】根据存在量词命题的真假性，利用分离常数法求得m 的取值范围.【详解】由于“存在()12,2x f x ≤≤>”是假命题，所以“任意12x ≤≤，()2f x ≤”是真命题，即任意12x ≤≤，212mx x --≤，22331x m x x x+≤=+，令11,12t x ⎡⎤=∈⎢⎥⎣⎦，23y t t =+的开口向上，对称轴为16t =-，所以当12t =，即2x =时，231x x +取得最小值为315424+=，所以504m <≤.故选：B7.已知函数()212x f x x +=+，下列推断正确的个数是（）①函数图像关于y 轴对称；②函数()f x 与()3f x +的值域相同；③()f x 在[]1,2上有最大值23；④()f x 的图像恒在直线1y =的下方．A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4【答案】D 【解析】【分析】对于①，利用函数奇偶性定义判断出函数为偶函数，①正确；对于②，由两函数图象关系得到值域相同；对于③，变形后，结合对勾函数性质得到最值；对于④，先得到0x ≥时，()212x f x x +=+，换元后结合对勾函数性质得到函数值域，再由函数的奇偶性得到值域为10,4⎛+⎤⎥ ⎝⎦，故④正确.【详解】对于①，()212x f x x +=+的定义域为R ，且()()()2112x x f x f x x -++-===+-+，故()212x f x x +=+为偶函数，故函数图象关于y 轴对称，①正确；对于②，()3f x +是由()f x 向左平移3个单位得到的，故值域不改变，②正确；对于④，当0x ≥时，()212x f x x +=+，令11x t +=≥，()222113322y t t t tt t t -+-===++-，由对勾函数性质可知，()3g t t t=+在⎡⎣上单调递减，在)+∞上单调递增，故()min g t ==，故104y +<≤，由①可知，()212x f x x +=+为偶函数，故()f x 在R 上的值域为310,4⎛⎤⎥ ⎝⎦，由于114+<，故满足()f x 的图像恒在直线1y =的下方，④正确；对于③，因为[]1,2x ∈，则[]12,3x t +=∈，()3g t t t=+在[]2,3上单调递增，故()()()[]2,3 3.5,4g t g g ∈=⎡⎤⎣⎦，故132y t t=+-的值域为12,23⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦，故()f x 在[]1,2上有最大值为23，③正确.故选：D8.若至少存在一个0x <，使得关于x 的不等式2332x a x x -->+成立，则实数a 的取值范围是（）A.37,34⎛⎫-⎪⎝⎭B.133,4⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭C.3713,44⎛⎫-⎪⎝⎭D.()3,3-【答案】A 【解析】【分析】化简不等式2332x a x x -->+，根据二次函数的图象、含有绝对值函数的图象进行分析，从而求得a 的取值范围.【详解】依题意，至少存在一个0x <，使得关于x 的不等式2332x a x x -->+成立，即至少存在一个0x <，使得关于x 的不等式2233x x x a --+>-成立，画出()2230y x x x =--+<以及3y x a =-的图象如下图所示，其中2230x x --+>.当3y x a =-与()2230y x x x =--+<相切时，由2323y x a y x x =-⎧⎨=--+⎩消去y 并化简得2530x x a +--=，37254120,4a a ∆=++==-.当3y x a =-+与()2230y x x x =--+<相切时，由2323y x a y x x =-+⎧⎨=--+⎩消去y 并化简得230x x a -+-=①，由14120a ∆=-+=解得134a =，代入①得2211042x x x ⎛⎫-+=-= ⎪⎝⎭，解得12x =，不符合题意.当3y x a =-+过()0,3时，3a =.结合图象可知a 的取值范围是37,34⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭.故选：A【点睛】对于含有参数的不等式问题的求解，可考虑直接研究法，也可以考虑分离参数，也可以合理转化法.如本题中的不等式，可以将其转化为一边是含有绝对值的式子，另一边是二次函数，再根据二次函数以及含有绝对值的函数的图象来对问题进行分析和求解.二、多项选择题（本题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，有多项符合题目要求．全部选对的得5分，部分选对的得2分，有选错的得0分）9.下列结论中错误的有（）A.集合{}03x x ∈≤<N 的真子集有7个B.已知命题2:,10p x x x ∀∈-+≥R ，则2000:,10p x x x ⌝∃∉-+<R C.函数24y x =-与函数22y x x =+-表示同一个函数D.若函数()2f x 的定义域为[]0,2，则函数()31f x +的定义域为[]1,5【答案】BCD 【解析】【分析】由集合元素个数与真子集个数间的关系可判断A 项；由命题的否定可判断B 项；求出两个函数的定义域可判断C 项；根据抽象函数定义域的求法可判断D 项.【详解】对于A 项，因为集合{}{}030,1,2x x ∈≤<=N ，所以该集合有3217-=个真子集，所以A 项正确；对于B 项，命题2:,10p x x x ∀∈-+≥R 的否定2000:,10p x x x ⌝∃∈-+<R ，所以B 项错误；对于C 项，由240x -≥得2x ≥或2x ≤-，所以函数y =的定义域为(][),22,-∞-+∞U ，由2020x x +≥⎧⎨-≥⎩得2x ≥，所以函数y =的定义域为[)2,+∞，由于函数y =与函数y =定义域不同，所以不是同一函数，所以C 项错误；对于D 项，由于函数()2f x 的定义域为[]0,2，所以024x ≤≤，令0314x ≤+≤得113x -≤≤，所以函数()31f x +的定义域为1,13⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦，所以D 项错误.故选：BCD.10.已知,a b 为正实数，则下列说法正确的是（）A.的最小值为2B.若2a b +=的最大值是2．C.若2a b ab +=则ab 的最小值是8．D.若121a b+=则2a b +的最大值是8．【答案】BC 【解析】【分析】根据基本不等式对选项进行分析，从而确定正确答案.【详解】A≥=无实数解，所以①的等式不成立，所以A 选项错误.B 选项，2222a b⎛+≤= ⎝⎭，当且仅当1a b ==时等号成立，所以B 选项正确.C 选项，220a b ab ab +=≥-≥，8ab ≥≥，当且仅当24a b ==时等号成立，所以C 选项正确.D 选项，()124224b a a b a b a b a b ⎛⎫+=++=++ ⎪⎝⎭48≥+=，当且仅当4,24b ab a a b===时等号成立，所以D 选项错误.故选：BC11.已知()f x 是定义在R 上的奇函数，()g x 是定义在R 上的偶函数，且()(),f x g x 在(],0-∞单调递增，则以下结论正确的是（）A.()()()()12ff f f < B.()()()()12f g f g -<C.()()()()12g f g f > D.()()()()12g g g g >【答案】AC 【解析】【分析】根据函数的奇偶性、单调性确定正确答案.【详解】A 选项，()f x 是奇函数，且在(],0-∞单调递增，则()f x 在R 上单调递增，所以()()12f f <，则()()()()12ff f f <，所以A 选项正确.B 选项，()g x 是偶函数，且在(],0-∞单调递增，则()g x 在[)0,∞+上单调递减，所以()()()112g g g -=>，所以()()()()12f g f g ->，所以B 选项错误.C 选项，()()()0012f f f =<<，则()()()()12g f g f >，所以C 选项正确.D 选项，()()12g g >，但符号无法确定，所以()()()()1,2g g g g 大小关系不确定，所以D 选项错误.故选：AC12.已知函数()[)()[)0,212,2,2x f x f x x ∞∈=⎨-∈+⎪⎩，则以下结论正确的是（）A.当[)()2,4,x f x ∈=B.[)()()1212,0,,x x f x f x ∀∈+∞-<C.若()4f x <在[),t +∞上恒成立，则t 的最小值为6D.若关于x 的方程()()()22210a f x a f x ⎡⎤+++=⎣⎦有三个不同的实数根则(a ∈--．【答案】AB 【解析】【分析】根据题意，作出[)2,22,N x n n n ∈+∈时，()f x =的图像，数形结合逐个判断即可.【详解】设[)2,4x ∈时，则[)20,2x -∈，所以()2f x -=，又()()122f x f x =-，所以当[)2,4x ∈时，()f x =当[)4,6x ∈时，则[)22,4x -∈，所以()2f x -=，又()()122f x f x =-，所以当[)4,6x ∈时，()f x =当[)6,8x ∈时，则[)24,6x -∈，所以()2f x -=，又()()122f x f x =-，所以当[)6,8x ∈时，()f x =所以由此可知[)2,22,N x n n n ∈+∈时，()f x =；作出函数()f x 的部分图象，如下图所示：则A 正确，由图象可知，()f x ⎡∈⎣，所以1x ∀，[)20,x ∈+∞，()()12f x f x -<，故B 正确；在同一坐标系中作出函数()f x 和函数4y =的图象，如下图所示：由图象可知，当[)4,∈+∞x 时，()24f x <恒成立，所以t 的最小值为4，故C 错误；令()t f x =，则2t ⎡∈⎣，则方程()()()22210a f x a f x ⎡⎤+++=⎣⎦等价于()()22210at t a a +++=∈R ，即()()1210t at ++=，所以1t a =-，或12t =-（舍去），在同一坐标系中作出函数()f x ，函数24y =和函数28y =的图象，如下图所示：由图象可知，当122,84a ⎫-∈⎪⎪⎣⎭时，即4222a -≤<-关于x 的方程()()()()22120a f x f a a x ++⎦+⎤=⎡⎣∈R 有三个不同的实根，故D 错误.故选：AB第П卷三、填空题（本题共4小题，每小题5分，共20分．将答案填在答题卡的相应位置上）13.不等式102x x 3-≥-的解集为______．【答案】1,23⎡⎫⎪⎢⎣⎭【解析】【分析】将分式不等式转化为一元二次不等式求解即可得到答案.【详解】不等式102x x 3-≥-，等价于()()312020x x x ⎧--≥⎨-≠⎩，解得123≤<x ，所以不等式的解集为1,23⎡⎫⎪⎢⎣⎭.故答案为：1,23⎡⎫⎪⎢⎣⎭14.已知函数()22,12,1x x f x x x x +≤-⎧=⎨-+>-⎩，若()3f a =-，则实数a 的值为______．【答案】5-或3【解析】【分析】根据()3f a =-列方程，从而求得a 的值.【详解】当1a ≤-时，由23a +=-解得5a =-；当1a >-时，由2123a a a >-⎧⎨-+=-⎩解得3a =.所以a 的值为5-或3.故答案为：5-或315.若函数()()239g x f x x =-是奇函数，且()13f -=，则()1f =______．【答案】1-【解析】【分析】根据奇函数的性质即可求【详解】函数()()239g x f x x =-是奇函数，则()()g x g x -=-，当13x =-时，()12131g f ⎛⎫=--= ⎝-⎪⎭，则213(1)1g f ⎛⎫=-=- ⎪⎝⎭，则(1)1f =-.故答案为：1-16.已知命题:p “方程2210ax x ++=至少有一个负实根”，若p 为真命题的一个必要不充分条件为1a m ≤+，则实数m 的取值范围是______．【答案】0m >【解析】【分析】先求得p 为真命题时a 的取值范围，再根据必要不充分条件求得m 的取值范围.【详解】若命题:p “方程2210ax x ++=至少有一个负实根”为真命题，0a =时，1210,2x x +==-，符合题意；当a<0时，440a ∆=->，且1212210,0x x x x a a+=->=<，则此时方程2210ax x ++=有一个正根和一个负根，符合题意；当0a >时，由440a ∆=-=，解得1a =，此时方程为()222110,1x x x x ++=+==-符合题意；由440a ∆=->解得01a <<，此时1212210,0x x x x a a+=-<=>，则此时方程2210ax x ++=有两个负根，符合题意.综上所述，p 为真命题时，a 的取值范围是(],1-∞.若p 为真命题的一个必要不充分条件为1a m ≤+，则11,0m m +>>.故答案为：0m >【点睛】含参数的一元二次方程根的分布问题，可采用直接讨论法来进行研究，也可以采用分离参数法来进行研究，如果采用直接讨论法，在分类讨论的过程中，要注意做到不重不漏.求命题的必要不充分条件，可转化为找一个比本身“大”的范围来进行求解.四、解答题（本大题共6小题，共70分．解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤）17.设U =R ，已知集合{}25A x x =-≤≤，{}121B x m x m =+≤≤-．（1）当4m =时，求()U A B ð；（2）若B ≠∅，且B A ⊆，求实数m 的取值范围．【答案】（1）{2x x <-或}7x >；（2）[]2,3.【解析】【分析】（1）根据并集和补集的概念即可求出结果；（2）由题意可得12112215m m m m +≤-⎧⎪+≥-⎨⎪-≤⎩，解不等式组即可求出结果.【小问1详解】当4m =时，{}57B x x =≤≤，且{}25A x x =-≤≤，则{}27A B x x ⋃=-≤≤，所以(){2U A B x x ⋃=<-ð或}7x >；【小问2详解】因为B ≠∅，且B A ⊆，所以需满足12112215m m m m +≤-⎧⎪+≥-⎨⎪-≤⎩，解得23m ≤≤，所以实数m 的取值范围为[]2,3.18.已知函数()()2,2,24xf x x x =∈-+．（1）求()()1ff 的值；（2）用定义证明函数()f x 在()2,2-上为增函数；（3）若()()1210f t f t +-->，求实数t 的取值范围．【答案】（1）()()51101ff =（2）证明见解析（3）1(,1)2-【解析】【分析】（1））先求(1)f 的值，再求((1))f f 的值即可；（2）利用定义法证明函数的单调性即可；（3）根据题意，由（2）中的结论，根据函数的单调性列出不等式，求解即可得到结果.【小问1详解】()115f =，155101f ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭()()51101f f ∴=【小问2详解】证明：任取12,x x ，且1222x x -<<<,()()()()()()121212122222121244444x x x x x x f x f x x x x x ---=-=++++2212121240,40,0,40x x x x x x +>+>-<-< ()()()()12120,f x f x f x f x ∴-<∴<()f x \在()2,2-上为增函数.【小问3详解】若()()1210f t f t +-->，则()()121f t f t +>-由（2）知，()f x 在()2,2-上为增函数22112t t ∴-<-<+<，112t ∴-<<，则实数t 的取值范围是1(,1)2-.19.均值不等式)0,02a ba b +≥>>可以推广成均值不等式链，在不等式证明和求最值中有广泛的应()20,0112a b a b a b+≥≥≥>>+．（12a b+≥.上面给出的均值不等式链是二元形式，其中()0,02a ba b +≥>>指的是两个正数的平方平均数不小它们的算数平均数，类比这个不等式给出对应的三元形式，即三个正数的平方平均数不小于它们的算数平均数（无需证明）（2）若一个直角三角形的直角边分别为,a b ，斜边4c =，求直角三角形周长l 的取值范围．【答案】（1）证明见解析，三元形式见解析（2）(8,4⎤⎦【解析】【分析】（1）利用差比较法证得不等式成立.通过类比写出三元形式.（2）根据基本不等式求得a b +的范围，进而求得三角形周长的取值范围.【小问1详解】2a b +≥即证22222a b a b ++⎛⎫≥ ⎪⎝⎭，()()()22222222222022444a b a b a b a b a b a b ab +-+-+++-⎛⎫-=== ⎪⎝⎭，22222a b a b ++⎛⎫∴≥ ⎪⎝⎭2a b+≥当且仅当a b =时等号成立.()0,0,03a b c a b c ++≥>>>.【小问2详解】22216a b c +== ，由（1()0,0,2a b a b a b +≥>>∴+≤当且仅当a b ==取“=”，又4a b c +>=，8a b c ++>，所以三角形周长的取值范围(8,4⎤+⎦.20.福清的观音埔大桥横跨龙江两岸是福清的标志性建筑之一，提高过江大桥的车辆通行能力可改善整个城市的交通状况，在一般情况下，大桥上的车流速度v （单位：千米/小时）是车流密度x （单位：辆/千米）的函数，当车流密度不超过50辆/千米时，车流速度为50千米/小时，当50150x ≤≤时，车流速度v 是车流密度x 的一次函数．当桥上的车流密度达到150辆/千米时，造成堵塞，此时车流速度为0．（1）当0150x ≤≤时，求函数()v x 的表达式；（2）当车流密度x 为多大时，车流量（单位时间内通过桥上某观测点的车辆数，单位：辆/小时）()()f x x v x =⋅可以达到最大，并求出最大值．（精确到1辆/时）．【答案】（1）()50,050175,501502x v x x x ≤<⎧⎪=⎨-+≤≤⎪⎩（2）75辆/千米，2812辆/小时．【解析】【分析】（1）根据已知条件列方程组求得,a b ，进而求得()v x .（2）根据函数的单调性以及二次函数的性质求得()f x 的最大值以及此时对应的x 的值.【小问1详解】由题意：当050x ≤≤时，()50v x =；当50150x ≤≤时，设()v x ax b=+再由已知得15005050a b a b +=⎧⎨+=⎩，解得1275a b ⎧=-⎪⎨⎪=⎩故函数()v x 的表达式为()50,050175,501502x v x x x ≤<⎧⎪=⎨-+≤≤⎪⎩．【小问2详解】依题并由（1）可得()250,050175,501502x x f x x x x ≤<⎧⎪=⎨-+≤≤⎪⎩，当050x ≤<时，()f x 为增函数，()()502500f x f ∴<<，当50150x ≤≤时，()2max 755625()75281222f x f ===≈，即当75x =时，()f x 在区间[]0,150上取得最大值约为2812，即当车流密度为75辆/千米时，车流量可以达到最大值，最大值约为2812辆/小时．21.已知函数()()()2236f x ax a x a =-++∈R （1）若()0f x >的解集是{|2x x <或}3x >，求实数a 的值；（2）当1a =时，若22x -≤≤时函数()()532f x m x m ≤-+++有解，求m 的取值范围．【答案】（1）1（2）4m ≥【解析】【分析】（1）根据一元二次不等式的解集列方程，由此求得a 的值.（2）化简不等式()()532f x m x m ≤-+++，通过直接讨论法或分离常数法，结合二次函数的性质或基本不等式求得m 的取值范围.【小问1详解】依题意，()()()2236f x ax a x a =-++∈R 的解集是{|2x x <或}3x >，则0a >，且122,3x x ==是方程()22360ax a x -++=的两个根，所以02323623a a a a ⎧⎪>⎪+⎪+=⎨⎪⎪⨯=⎪⎩，解得1a =．【小问2详解】1a =时，()()532f x m x m ≤-+++在22x -≤≤有解，即2320x mx m ++-≤在[]22-,有解，法一：因为232y x mx m =++-的开口向上，对称轴2m x =-①22m -≤-即4,2m x ≥=-时，函数取得最小值4232740,4m m m m -+-=-≤∴≥.②222m -<-<即44m -<<时，当2m x =-取得最小值，此时23204m m -+-≤，解得4m ≥或4m ≤-.又44,44m m -<<∴-≤<.③当22m -≥即4m ≤-，当2x =时取得最小值，此时423270m m ++-=≤不成立，即m 无解.综上，4m ≥．法二：()2320x m x ++-≤在[]22-,有解，当2x =时()2320x m x ++-≤不成立，当2x ≠时()2320x m x ++-≤，即232x m x +≥-在[]22-,有解，2min 32x m x ⎛⎫+≥ ⎪-⎝⎭，令(]2,0,4t x t =-∈，223477442x t t t x t t+-+==+-≥-，当且仅当7t t =即t =取“=”，2min342x x ⎛⎫+∴=- ⎪-⎝⎭，4m ∴≥.22.设函数()(),f x F x 的定义域分别为,I D ，且I D ．若对于任意x I ∈，都有()()F x f x =，则称()F x 为()f x 在D 上的一个延伸函数．给定函数()()22103f x x x x =+-<≤．（1）若()F x 是()f x 在给定[]3,3-上的延伸函数，且()F x 为奇函数，求()F x 的解析式；（2）设()g x 为()f x 在()0,∞+上的任意一个延伸函数，且()()g x h x x =是()0,∞+上的单调函数．①证明：当(]0,3x ∈时，()()121222h x h x x x h ++⎛⎫≥ ⎪⎝⎭．②判断()h x 在(]0,3的单调性（直接给出结论即可）；并证明：0,0m n ∀>>都有()()()g m n g m g n +>+．【答案】（1）()2221,030,021,30x x x F x x x x x ⎧+-<≤⎪==⎨⎪-++-≤<⎩（2）①证明见解析；②单调递增，证明见解析【解析】【分析】（1）根据函数的奇偶性以及“延伸函数”的定义求得()F x 的解析式；（2）①通过差比较法证得不等式成立；②根据函数的单调性以及不等式的性质证得不等式成立.【小问1详解】依题可知()00F =，当(]0,3x ∈时()()221F x f x x x ==+-．[)3,0x ∀∈-则(]0,3x -∈，()221F x x x ∴-=--，()F x Q 为奇函数，()()221F x F x x x ∴=--=-++，()2221,030,021,30x x x F x x x x x ⎧+-<≤⎪∴==⎨⎪-++-≤<⎩.【小问2详解】①证明： 当(]0,3x ∈时()()121g x h x x x x==-+，()()()121212121212112221222x x h x h x x x x x h x x x x ⎛⎫+-++ ⎪++⎛⎫⎝⎭∴-=+-- ⎪+⎝⎭()()()()221212121212121212121212121142202222x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x ++--+=-=-==≥++++，()()121222h x h x x x h ++⎛⎫∴≥ ⎪⎝⎭.② 当(]0,3x ∈时()()121g x h x x x x==-+且单调递增，()h x ∴在()0,∞+上单调递增，()()0,00m n m n m h m n h m >>∴+>>∴+> ，即()()g m n g m m n m +>+，即()()()mg m n m n g m +>+，同理可得()()()ng m n m n g n +>+，将上述两个不等式相加可得()()()g m n g m g n +>+．∴原不等式成立.【点睛】解新定义题型的步骤：(1)理解“新定义”——明确“新定义”的条件、原理、方法、步骤和结论.(2)重视“举例”,利用“举例”检验是否理解和正确运用“新定义”;归纳“举例”提供的解题方法.归纳“举例”提供的分类情况.(3)类比新定义中的概念、原理、方法，解决题中需要解决的问题.。
福建省福州市八县市协作校2024_2025学年高一化学上学期期中试题
福建省福州市八县（市）协作校2024-2025学年高一化学上学期期中试题可能用到的相对原子质量：H －1 C －12 N －14 O －16 Na －23 S －32 Cl －35.5第I 卷（选择题，每小题3分，共51分，每小题只有一个正确选项。
）1．下列各组物质按酸、碱、盐、电解质分类依次排列的是（ ） A ．硫酸、熟石灰、苛性钠、乙醇 B ．硝酸、烧碱、碳酸钙、氯化钠 C ．醋酸、氢氧化钠、碳酸钠、氨水 D ．硫酸、纯碱、明矾、二氧化硫 2．试验室盛装浓硫酸的试剂瓶上贴有的标识是（ ）A B C D 3．下列反应不属于氧化还原反应的是（ ） A ．3O 2 ＝ 2O 3B ．Cl 2＋2NaOH ＝NaCl ＋NaClO ＋H 2OC ．2Na 2O 2＋2H 2O ＝4NaOH ＋O 2↑D ．CO ＋CuOCO 2＋Cu4．下列叙述正确的是( )A ．40.0g NaOH 溶解在2L 水中，所得溶液的物质的量浓度为10.50mol L -⋅B ．从1L 12.0mol L NaCl -⋅溶液中取出0.5L ，取出的溶液浓度为11.0mol L -⋅ C ．配制10.100 mol L NaCl -⋅溶液，需用5.85g NaCl 固体D ．常温常压下，将3.65g HCl 气体溶于水制得100mL 溶液，其浓度为11mol L -⋅5．下列叙述中，正确的是( )A ．氯水、液氯是状态不同的同一种物质，均属于纯净物B ．氯元素在自然界中既有化合态存在，也有游离态存在C ．可用排水法或者向上排空气法收集氯气D ． 氯水的颜色呈浅黄绿色，说明氯水中含有Cl 2分子 6．下列关于胶体的叙述中，不正确的是( )A ．()3Fe OH 胶体能吸附水中的悬浮颗粒并沉降，因此常用其对自来水的消毒B ．浊液、胶体、溶液的本质区分是分散质粒子的直径大小C ．可以用丁达尔效应区分3FeCl 溶液和()3Fe OH 胶体D ．胶态磁流体治癌是将磁性物质制成胶体粒子，这种粒子直径在9710~10m --之间 7．同温同压下，等体积的2CO 和O 2相比较，下列叙述不正确的是( ) A ．质量比为11：8 B ．密度比为11：8 C ．物质的量比为8：11D ．分子个数比为1：18．同位素的应用非常广泛，如14C 的放射性可用于考古断代，15N 可用于生物大分子的空间结构的测定。
福建省福州市八县一中2023-2024学年高二上学期期中联考英语试题
福建省福州市八县一中2023-2024学年高二上学期期中联考英语试题一、短对话1．What has Eric been given for his birthday?A．A book.B．A dairy.C．An album.2．Where does the conversation most likely take place?A．At a shopping mall.B．At a bus stop.C．In a bank.3．When will Tom get his book bag?A．Today.B．Tomorrow.C．The day after tomorrow.4．How is the weather now?A．Rainy.B．Cloudy.C．Sunny.5．What are the speakers mainly talking about?A．How the woman got the sun.B．When the woman went sailing.C．Where the woman had a holiday.二、长对话听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．Who could the man probably be?A．A teacher.B．A receptionist.C．A tourist guide.7．When does the woman suggest visiting the center?A．On Tuesdays.B．On Wednesdays.C．On Thursdays.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．What is the speakers’ destination?A．The markets.B．The water gardens.C．The ancient district.9．Who is the woman going to get a present for?A．Her dad.B．Her mum.C．Her sister.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
福建省2021届高三上学期11月英语试卷精选汇编：语法填空专题
语法填空专题福建省厦门双十中学2021届高三上学期期中考试英语试题第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Technological changes brought dramatic new options to Americans living in the 1990s. During this decade new forms of entertainment, commerce, research, and communication____56____(become) commonplace in the U. S. The driving force behind much of this change was an innovation ____57___(popular) known as the Internet.The Internet was developed during the 1970s by the Department of Defense. In the case of an attack, military advisers suggested __58__ advantage of being able to operate one computer from another terminal. In the early days, the Internet was used mainly by scientists to communicate with other scientists.One early problem faced by Internet users was speed. Phone ___59___(line) could only transmit information at a limited rate. The development of fiber-optic(光纤) cables allowed billions of bits of information ___60____(receive) every minute. Companies like Intel developed faster microprocessors, so personal computers could process the incoming signals more___61___(rapidly).In the early 1990s, the World Wide Web was developed, in large part, __62___ commercial purposes. Corporations created home pages ___63___ they could place text and graphics to sell products. Soon airline tickets, hotel reservations and even cars could be purchased online. Universities posted research data on the Internet, so students could find ____64____(value) information without leaving their dormitories. Companies soon discovered that work could be done at home and submitted online, so a whole new class of telecommuters began to earn a living from home offices unshaven and ___65____(wear) pajamas(睡衣).语法填空(1.5 *10=15)56.became, 57. the, 58.popularly 59. lines, 60. to be received, 61. more rapidly, 62.for, 63. where, 64. valuable, 65. wearing福州市八县（市）协作校2020-2021 学年第一学期半期联考高三英语试卷第二节语法填空（共10 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分15 分）With less people 56 (choose) to make sugar paintings, the traditional Chinese folk craft might have become a distant memory in some ways. However, a 38-year-old craftsman, Li Jiangzhong, devotes himself to 57 (keep) the art of sugar painting a live.Li worked as a miner for more than ten years. After 58 mine closed down, Li turned 59 housing decoration, until he 60 (force) to give that up due to a finger injury. Earlier this year, he discovered sugar painting, something he really had an interest in.Since there was no sugar painting craftsman in his village, he studied by 61 (he) through large quantities of videos and information on the Internet. Li loved painting when he was young, and he found it easy to learn the skill in sugar painting. He soon mastered the skill and could make 62 (vary) sugar paintings. A sugar painting is made with 63 (melt) brown or white sugar. Craftsman normally paint animals and flowers on a stone board 64 the syrup( 糖浆). When the sugar cools down, 65 appears is a piece of sugar art.第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）56. choosing 57. keeping 58. the 59. to 60. was forced 61. himself 62. various 63. melted 64. with 65. what福建省龙岩市六县（市区）一中2021届高三上学期期中联考英语试题第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
福建省福州市八县（市）一中2021届高三英语上学期期中联考试题（含解析）
M: Oh, it looks like we’re about to take off. I’d better fasten my seat belt…
M: That’s okay. Let’s get you off the side of the road so you don’t get hit by a car. Can you turn the car on for me?
W: See? Nothing happens. Can you fix it, or should I take it to a repair shop?
M: The cost was included in the service package when you bought your car.
【答案】6.C 7. A
【解析】
【原文】W: The fish you made tonight was absolutely delicious. Did you get it at the grocery store?
M: A friend of mine took me out on his boat and we caught them ourselves.
第二节(共15小题；每题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
福建省福州市八县一中2023-2024学年高三上学期11月期中联考试题化学
福州市八县市一中20232024学年第一学期期中考联考高中三年化学试卷可能用到的相对原子质量：H1 Li7 C12 N14 O16 Na23 Cl35.5 Co59I卷一、选择题（每题只有一个正确选项，每题4分，共40分）1．近年来我国取得了很多令世界瞩目的科技成果，化学学科在“国之重器”的打造中发挥着重要作用。
下列有关说法正确的是（）A．神州十五号载人飞船返回东风着陆场，返回舱逃逸系统复合材料中的酚醛树脂属于合成纤维B．制造5G芯片的氮化铝晶圆属于传统无机非金属材料C．“神州十六号”载人飞船使用砷化镓太阳能电池，砷化镓是一种分子晶体D．“鲲龙”水陆两栖飞机实现海上首飞，其所用燃料航空煤油是石油分馏产品2．设N A为阿伏加德罗常数的值。
下列叙述正确的是（）A. N A个P4分子与22.4 L甲烷（标准状况）分子所含共价键数目之比为1:1B. N A个CO2分子中共用电子对的数目为2N A。
C. 浓硝酸热分解生成NO2、N2O4AD. 0.1 mol/L KAl(SO4)2溶液中，Al3+A3．湖北蕲春李时珍的《本草纲目》记载的中药丹参，其水溶性有效成分之一的结构简式如图。
下列说法正确的是（）A．该物质属于芳香烃B．分子中有4种官能团C．该分子能够发生取代反应、氧化反应、消去反应D．1mol该物质最多消耗11 mol NaOH4. M、W、X、Y、Z五种元素原子序数依次增大，基态Z原子的电子填充了3个能级，其中有2个未成对电子。
下列说法不正确．．．的是（）A．氢化物沸点：X＜Y B．电负性：M<X<Y<ZC．第一电离能：W<X<Z<Y D．简单离子半径：Y>Z5. 为了减少对环境的污染，在煤直接燃烧前要进行脱硫处理。
应用电解法对煤进行脱硫处理具有脱硫效率高、经济效益好等优点。
电解脱硫的基本原理如图所示，利用电极反应将Mn2+转化为Mn3+，Mn3+再将煤中的含硫物质(主要是FeS2)氧化为：Fe3+和SO42，反应原理：FeS2+15Mn3++8H2O=Fe3++15Mn2++2SO42+16H+。
2023-2024学年福建省福州市八县市协作校高二下学期期中联考英语试题
2023-2024学年福建省福州市八县市协作校高二下学期期中联考英语试题When it comes to tricks in life, the following will be of great help, which might surprisingly end up working the magic.Hooks that helpThere’s nothing worse than throwing something into the trash bin and watching the garbage bag fall in with it. To prevent this, stick two wall hooks onto the outside of your bin(one on either side), positioned so they face downward. The next time you replace the grocery bag, loop its handles through the hooks and no matter how full the bag gets, it’ll never drop to the bottom of the bin again.Easier garbage storageYou have probably encountered this: after filling the bag with trash, it forms a vacuum (真空) seal so tight that it’s a struggle to lift the bag out once it’s full. What to do? Punch a couple of small holes in the sides, a few centimeters above its base. The holes will allow just enough airflow to make lifting out the trash a piece of cake.Instant bottle brushIf you have an ordinary kitchen sponge (海绵) and a fork, then you have everything you need for a DIY bottle brush. Pierce the narrowest edge of the sponge with the fork and slide the sponge down until the points of the fork are fully covered. You can now clean out the skinniest bottle with ease.Express dryingNeed washed load of laundry dried in a flash? Toss a clean, dry towel into the dryer along with all the wet stuff for the first 15 minutes of the cycle. It’ll absorb some of the moisture and speed up the overall drying time.1. What is the key to lifting trash bags?A．The fork. B．The hook. C．The brush. D．The holes.2. Why is a dry towel used in the laundry?A．To take in water. B．To tidy the dryer.C．To clean the clothes. D．To distinguish the wet stuff.3. What does the passage mainly talk about?A．Various means of saving money. B．Creative ideas on making life fun.C．DIY solutions for life’s little dilemmas.D．Different ways to promote cooking skills. I’m a layperson with a love of science who occasionally reads science magazines. My approach was from an author’s angle, spending months on research before writing a single word for Pig Heart Boy.So where did I get the idea? Whenever I attend a school event, that question is asked. The answer is simple. Back in the mid 1990s, I read a newspaper article written by a doctor who guessed that we would eventually have to turn to xenotransplantation (异种器官移植) as a possible solution to the lack of human organ donors. It left my mind filled with questions. What are the consequences? Dowe really have the right to treat animals as me re organ sources for humans? So I headed to my nearest bookshop and bought all the books I could on heart transplants in particular.I’ve found questions are one of the best plac es to start from when writing a novel. In my story Cameron, who needs a heart transplant, knows he is unlikely to see his next birthday unless he receives one, but he is a long way down the waiting list. When a genetically modified (GM) pig’s heart is offered by a pioneering doctor, Cameron decides to go for it —and his new heart completely changes his life in unexpected ways.Now some people think that the subject matter is not suitable for children, criticizing the cruel and inhuman ways of xenotransplant ation. I completely disagree. As a children’s author, it never ceases to amaze me how some adults underestimate what subject matter will interest and stimulate children.I wanted to write a story that provided no right or wrong answers, a story that would allow the reader to walk in Cameron’s shoes for a while and think about what decisions they would make and how they would react if they too were faced with his situation.Fictional stories that explore new ideas when it comes to STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) subjects also have a part to play in enriching our children’s reading and learning. Various studies have shown that reading fiction enhances our children’s ability to grasp new concepts. Pig Heart Boy was my attempt to incorporate science possible into a believable, thought-provoking (令人深思的) story.4. Where did the author get inspiration from to write Pig Heart Boy?A．A school event. B．A news item.C．Science magazines. D．Books on heart transplants.5. What might be a major concern of those who disagree with Pig Heart Boy?A．Animal rights. B．GM technology.C．Organ transplant risks. D．Organ shortage crisis.6. What are the last two paragraphs of the text mainly about?A．Ways of tapping children ‘s intelligence.B．Potential application of fictional stories.C．Supporting evidence for justifying the book. D．Influence of fictional stories on STEM subjects.7. What is Pig Heart Boy?A．An author profile. B．A science fiction novel.C．A guidebook to xenotransplantation. D．An essay on writing children’s literature.“Anxiety.” The very word invites discomfort. Its effects—shortness of breath, pounding heart, muscle tension—are outright upsetting. But, as a clinician, I find that we tend to miss out on many valuable opportunities presented by this human emotion. In and of itself, anxiety is not deadly, nor is it a disease. Quite the contrary: it is an indicator of brain and sensory health. Once we accept that it is a normal, though uncomfortable, part of life, we can use it to help us.We all know working out at the gym is hard. By nature, a “good workout” is uncomfortable, since it involves pushing our physical strength past what we can easily do. The sweet spot of exercise is always a somewhat challenging experience. Similarly, if you want to be emotionally stronger, you need to face some tension. For example, one effective treatment for fear is exposure therapy (疗法), which involves gradually encountering things that make one anxious, reducing fear over time.Humans are social creatures. When my patients learn to open up to their partners about their anxieties, they almost always report a greater sense of emotional closeness. Also, as international relationship expert Sue Johnson teaches, when we express our need for connection during challenging moments (e.g., “I’m having a hard time right now and could really use your support”), it creates greater connection and turns our anxiety into love.From time to time, we find ourselves at the end of our rope. Our responsibilities pile up, our resources break down, and we feel uncomfortably anxious—what we’re experiencing is called stress. Simply put, the demands placed upon us outweigh our available resources, just like a set of scales (天平) going out of balance. Focusing on work and pretending everything is OK only leads to disastrous results. Medical treatment for stress may function for a while, but it tends to make things worse in the long run. The only solution to deal with stress is to do the mathematics to balance the scales.8. What does the author say about anxiety?A．It is an invitation to diseases.B．It indicates stable mental health.C．It costs us many valuable chances.D．It is a natural emotional expression.9. Why does the author mention “good workout” in paragraph 2?A．To prove how exercise influences emotions.B．To suggest an effective way to challenge limits.C．To explain how anxiety builds emotional strength.D．To show a positive connection between mind and body.10. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A．The key to closene ss is partners’ support.B．Sharing anxieties improves relationships.C．Humans are defined by their social nature.D．Expressing feelings keeps us off anxieties.11. According to the last paragraph, how can we deal with stress?A．Devote more energy to our work.B．Increase resources available to us.C．Seek professional medical treatment.D．Master advanced mathematical skills.The science of why insects gather around lights at night has never been nailed down. Popular theories propose that moths and other insects navigate (导航) by the moon and mistake lamps for moonlight, or that the insects fly towards light to escape coming danger. Now researchers believe they have a more convincing answer: contrary to current theories, insects are not attracted to light from far away, but become trapped if they fly close to an artificial light source.According to Dr Sam Fabian, study co-author and Imperial College London entomologist, moths and many other insects that fly at night evolved to tilt (倾斜) their backs to wherever is brightest. For hundreds of millions of years, this was the sky rather than the ground. The trick told insects which way was up and ensured they flew level. But then came artificial lighting. Moths found themselves tilting their backs to street lamps. This caused them to circle around the lamps endlessly, the insects trapped by their evolution.Fabian and his colleagues filmed insect flight paths around lights in the lab. The videos reveal that time and again, moths and dragonflies turned their backs to artificial lights, which appeared to greatly change their flight paths. If the light is above them, they might start orbiting it, but if it’s behind them, they start tilting backwards and end up flying in circles or diving toward the ground. Researchers have long warned that light pollution is a big driving force in the dramatic decline in insect populations. Moths and other insects that become trapped around lamps become easily caught by bats. The artificial lighting can also fool them into thinking it is daytime, causing them to bed down and skip a night’s feeding.There are, Fabian believes, helpful lessons from the research. “What this tells us is that the direction of artificial light matters. Could we change lighting environments to not trap i nsects? For we’re facing a massive decline in insects around the world, and artificial light at night is one of the factors that could potentially be leading to this decline,” Fabian said.12. What do the underlined words “nailed down” in paragraph 1 mean?A．Popularized widely. B．Discussed openly.C．Defined accurately. D．Explored academically.13. Fabian’s study found that moths circle around the lamps endlessly because ______.A．they can’t keep their balance.B．they use improper flight attitude.C．they lose track of which way is up.D．they are attracted to lights from far away.14. What is the significance of the research finding?A．It may lead to better conservation of insects.B．Natural enemies of insects will be got rid of.C．Artificial lighting will be greatly reduced at night.D．It may raise concerns for insects’ eating behavior.15. What is the text mainly about?A．Why insects lose their ability to fly at night.B．Why artificial light and evolution trap insects.C．How artificial light impacts insect populations.D．How insects evolved distinct strategies of flight.Why was school created? 16 Especially on test days, many students wonder exactly why they’re being subjected to such terrible and unusual punishment!If you’re honest with yourself, though, you know what a great place school is. 17 . Sure, tests can be stressful, but think of how boring life would be if you didn’t get to learn new things and see other people so often!Schools are not a new invention. You may have seen some old one-room schoolhouses that have been around for several hundred years or more. 18 .In fact, education dates back to the very first humans ever to live on Earth. Why? To survive, every generation has found it necessary to pass on its knowledge, skills, values, and traditions to the next generation. How can they do this? Education! Each subsequent generation (后代) must be taught these things.19 They educated young people within the family unit. Over time, however, populations grew and societies formed.Rather than every family being responsible for education, people soon found out that it would be easier and more efficient to have a small group of adults teach a larger group of children. 20 .William Gwyn Thomas, who used to be a dairy farmer in Lampeter, Ceredigion, has been cleaning trains at Carmarthen station for 25 years.Gwyn is still working with a team as ________as ever to clean anywhere between 18 and 26 carriages at night and is proud of what he does. “I didn’t expect I’d still be ________ at 80,” said Gwyn. “But I really love it, and I’ll _____when I feel I can’t do it.”Gwyn joined the train cleaning team in the late 1990s. He _______ his long working life to “eating well, not drinking anything ________ than a beer and cutting down on smoking”.Working from 7:30 pm to 2:30 am, Gwyn and his team clean each ________ from top to bottom, including the cabs (驾驶室), toilets, tables and floors.The worst ________ tend to be Saturdays, when Transport for Wales (TW) said the toilets can be “________”, but Gwyn said he tak es it all in his stride (泰然处之).“It’s annoying but there’s no point ________ it because that’s the job and we just have to _______ it,” he said. “Someone has to get it looking nice for ________ again.”TfW’s cleaning manager Wendy Jones described passionately Gwyn as “part of the ________ of Carmarthen station”.Wishing him a happy 80th birthday, he _______, “The standard of work Gwyn puts in night after night is a(n) ______ example to us all on how to show _______ in your work.”21.A．silently B．gracefully C．energetically D．cautiously22.A．working B．driving C．learning D．farming23.A．continue B．concentrate C．hesitate D．finish24.A．applies B．exposes C．owes D．devotes25.A．weaker B．stronger C．cheaper D．colder26.A．room B．department C．hall D．carriage27.A．cabs B．shifts C．performances D．accidents28.A．rewarding B．exciting C．challenging D．surprising29.A．dreaming about B．complainingC．contributing to D．submitting toabout30.A．break away from B．watch out for C．give way to D．get on with31.A．conductors B．workers C．passengers D．managers32.A．structure B．reform C．schedule D．platform33.A．suggested B．added C．questioned D．responded34.A．true B．poor C．interesting D．hopeful35.A．depression B．curiosity C．bravery D．pride阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
2021届福州高级中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及参考答案
2021届福州高级中学高三英语上学期期中试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AAlex Palmer says he'll never forget his 13th birthday, not because of a gift or a party, but fire. “It made me realize how valuable life is,” said Alex, a seventh grader atMonroeDemonstrationSchoolinTulsa,Oklahoma.On April 18, Alex and many other kids from his school were riding home on a school bus when they suddenly saw smoke coming from the bus’ engine. “It was jaw-dropping,” he told reporters.By the time Alex and some other kids made it out the bus’ back door, the bus was already on fire. And some of their schoolmates were still inside. So he and some of the other older kids took action.“One little kid was slowing everyone down with his big backpack, ” eighth grader Destiny Fain said, “so I got it off and threw it to the side and helped to make sure all the little kids weren’t fighting or pushing. ”As that was going on, sixth grader Marketez Doyle-Smith reportedly helped another classmate who had trouble in breathing because of the smoke. “We saw our friend lying on the ground,” he said, “so we took our shirts off and waved them to get him some air to breathe.”Marketez also reportedly stopped a younger kid trying to get back on the bus to search for something he’d left behind. “We're all a family,” he told reporters. “So I went back to help the little kid.”Finally everyone made it off safely, thanks to Alex, Destiny, Marketez and several other kids. By later that day, they were already being called heroes. “I really don’t see it as being a hero,” Alex said, according to The World. “I see it as the right thing to do—helping others before you help yourself.”1. What happened on Alex’ s way home?A. The school bus was on fire suddenly.B. There was a party for Alex’s birthday.C. He received a gift from his classmate.D. Some classmates quarreled with each other.2. By saying "We're all a family.” Marketez probably meantA. We’re brothers in the same family.B. It’s our duty to help each other.C. We’re classmates in the same class.D. The thing left on the bus is mine.3. According to the last paragraph, Alex thought that heA. was not a brave student.B. had the right to do anything.C. had just done what he should do.D. hated to be called a hero by others.BImagine turning on the GPS and seeing an image of your car from above. As the car drives, the map follows along in real time, alarming you to any traffic, pedestrians,animals, or other things nearby. Routes and names of roads appear over the live stream. It's like the map has come to life.This type of map isn't available yet. But it could be soon. In 2014, the Worldview-3 satellites was launched into space. Even though it orbits Earth at more than 370 miles（600 km）away, it can capture images of objects on Earth that are just 10 inches（25cm）across.Peeringall the way from outer space, it can make out a smartphone held in your hand. It can tell what types of cars are traveling down a road. But it can't identify your face or read the cars' license plate numbers . . . at least not openly.According to some reports, this satellite and other US spy satellites have the technology to take even sharper images, with a resolution（分辨率）of up to around 4 inches（10cm）. ButUS law forbids making these super-sharp pictures public, to prevent enemies from using them. But the idea that anybody might be able to spy on the entire Earth in such detail may seem horrible. Live, high-detail satellite mapping could possibly be used to monitor anybody at any time. Ray Purdy of University College London told CNN that he is concerned about what this could mean for privacy. Most satellites are commercially owned, so if you have money you can buy that imagery. “It means anyone can spy on anyone,” he said.At the same time, live, detailed maps of Earth's surface could be useful in amazing ways. Live maps of a disaster area could quickly discover people in need of rescue as well as the safest routes in or out. Satellite images are already helping catch illegal logging and fishing operations. Higher detail may make it possible to catch other criminals in the act. The images could also make it easier for farmers to watch over their crops.What do you think? Do you wish everyone could access high-detail live maps of Earth's surface?4. What does the underlined word in paragraph 2 mean?A. SeeingB. StandingC. WalkingD. Hearing5. Why does US law forbid making super-sharp pictures public?A. to protect the technology.B. for the sake of safety.C. to protect the environment.D. to threat other countries.6. Which of the following statements is true according to the text?A. This super-sharp map hasn't been put into market.B. Worldview-3 satellites orbits the Earth at 370 km away.C. Personal privacy is safely protected if you use the super-sharp map.D. The super-sharp map should be completely forbidden.7. How is this technology used in agriculture?A. It can help improve the production of crops.B. It can help kill pests.C. It can help farmer to watch over their crops from far away.D. It can help increase farm land.CItzhak Perlman was born in Tel Aviv, in whatwas thenPalestine, in 1945. Today he lives inNew York City. But his music has made him a citizen of the world. He has played in almost every major city. He has won many Grammy awards for his recordings. He has also won Emmy Awards for his work on television.Itzhak Perlman suffered from polio (小儿麻痹症) at the age of four. The disease damaged his legs. He uses a wheelchair or walks with the aid of crutches (拐杖) on his arms. But none of this stopped him from playing the violin. He began as a young child. He took his first lessons at the Music Academy of Tel Aviv. Very quickly, his teachers recognized that he had a special gift.At thirteen he went to the United Sates to appear on television. His playing earned him the financial aid to attend theJuilliardSchoolinNew York. In 1964 Itzhak Perlman won the Leventritt Competition in that city. His international fame had begun.His music is full of power and strength. It can be sad or joyful, loud or soft. But critics (评论家) say it is not the music alone that makes his playing so special. They say he is able to communicate the joy he feels in playing, and the emotions that great music can deliver.Anyone who has attended a performance by Itzhak Perlman will tell you thatit is exciting to watch him play. His face changes as the music from his violin changes. He looks sad when the music seems sad. He smiles and closes his eyes when the music is light and happy. He often looks dark and threatening when the music seems dark and threatening.8. According to the passage, what do we know about Itzhak Perlman?A. He is 75 years old today.B. He was born inNew York City.C. He has some achievements in music.D. He was a rich citizen of the world.9. When Itzhak Perlman first learned music, his teachers ________.A. ignored his talentsB. thought he was fit to learn musicC. had pity on himD. didn't want to accept him10. What makes Itzhak Perlman's playing special according to critics?A. The emotions he communicates in his playing.B. The style in which he plays his music.C. The kind of music he plays.D. The power and strength in his music.11. How do people feel when they hear Itzhak Perlman play?A. Moved.B. Calm.C. Funny.D. Excited.DAs a 51-year-old first-aid responder since 1984, Jeffrey never knows what type of situation he might walk into, or who he'll meet along the wayTen years into the job, Jeffrey received a call that reported that a man in his early 30s had fallen down in the Mall of America. When Jeffrey and his partner arrived at the scene, they found the young male face down on the ground. He had gone unconscious, making weak attempts to breathe. His wife stood beside him holding their small son in horror. They quickly rushed to calm the man to keep him under control and offer necessary first aid. After Jeffrey dropped the patient off at the neighboring hospital, he thought about the man and his family for a long time.Jeffrey thought he had experienced everything under the sun until one random visit to Office Max three years ago, where he met a man repeatedly walking back and forth while staring at him. As it turned out, the man was the patient he had saved 20 years earlier."You gave me 20 years more than I ever thought I'd have," the man said. He thanked Jeffrey repeatedly and told him he had someone he wanted him to meet. He stepped around the corner and reappeared with a 20-something-year-old man. Jeffrey instantly knew that it was the son he had seen standing by his mother all those years ago"That day changed my life," Jeffrey said. "Before that, everything was about work…When I talk to my beginner-training class, I tell them you never know the effect you can have on someone's life."12. What did Jeffrey do with the young man?A. He cured the man at the scene.B. He took care of the man's wife and son.C. He only sent the man to hospital.D. He did what was needed13. What did Jeffrey think of the encounter with the man at Office Max?A. It was a common routine.B. It was troublesomeC. It was unbelievableD. It was a dangerous situation.14. Why was the man thankful to Jeffrey?A. Jeffrey helped bring up his little sonB. Jeffrey donated to support his family.C. Jeffrey's help gave him the present happy life.D. Jeffrey's kindness taught his son to be a new doctor.15. How did the meeting change Jeffrey's life?A. He was rewarded with much moneyB. He changed his attitude to his job.C. He got a promotion to be a team leader.D. He took up teaching work to train newcomers.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
精品解析：福建省福州市八县(市、区)一中2022-2023学年高一下学期期中联考数学试题(解析版)
2020-2023年第二学期福州八县（市，区）一中期中联考数学试题一，单选题：本大题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.1. 已知复数i(1i)z =-,则其共轭复数z =（ ）A. 1i -- B. 1i -+ C. 1i - D. 1i+【结果】C 【思路】【思路】由复数乘法法则计算出z 后可得其共轭复数．【详解】2i(1i)i i 1i z =-=-=+,所以1i z =-．故选：C ．2. 下面各式正确地是（ ）A. AD AB DC BC --=B. BO BA MB OM AB-++=C. 0AB CB AC -+= D. 0AB BD AC CD --+=【结果】B 【思路】【思路】由向量地加减法法则计算．【详解】AD AB DC BD DC BC --=-≠。
BO BA MB OM BO OM MB AB AB -++=+++= 。
2AB CB AC AB BC AC AC -+=++= 。
2AB BD AC CD AB DB CA CD CB --+=+++= ．故选：B ．3. 下面命题中正确地是（ ）A. 侧面都是矩形地直四棱柱是长方体B. 三棱锥三个侧面不可能都是直角三角形C. 圆台地任意两款母线延长后一定交于一点D. 有两个面平行且相似,其他各面都是梯形地多面体是棱台【结果】C 【思路】的【思路】依据长方体，棱锥，圆台，棱台地概念与性质判断．【详解】侧面都是矩形地直四棱柱地底面可以不是矩形,不一定是长方体,A 错。
如图三棱锥A BCD -,AB ⊥平面BCD ,CD BC ⊥,则此三棱锥三个侧面,,ABC ACD ABD !!!都是直角三角形,B 错。
圆台是由圆锥用平行于底面地平面截得地,因此其任意两款母线延长后一定交于一点,C 正确。
如下图几何体,有两个面ABCD 和1111D C B A 平行且相似,其他各面都是梯形,但它不是棱台,D 错．故选：C ．4. 一质点受到平面上地三个力F 1,F 2,F 3(单位：牛顿)地作用而处于平衡状态,已知F 1,F 2成90°角,且F 1,F 2地大小分别为2和4,则F 3地大小为（ ）A. 6B. 2C. D. 【结果】C 【思路】【思路】依据向量地合成法则以及向量地模长公式,进行计算即可．【详解】由题意知F 3＝－(F 1＋F 2),所以22223121212||()241620,F F F F F F F =+=++⋅=+=∴|F 3|＝故选：C.5. 已知向量()3cos53,3sin 53OA =︒︒ ,(4cos ,4sin )OB θθ= ,若OA OB ⋅=-,则AOB 地面积等于（ ）A. 3B.C.D.【结果】A 【思路】【思路】由数量积求出AOB ∠地余弦,从而得出正弦值,再由三角形面积公式计算.【详解】由已知3OA = ,4OB =,记AOB α∠=,则cos 34cos OA OB OA OB αα⋅==⨯=- ,cos α=,显然(0,)απ∈,则1sin 2α=,111sin 343222AOBS OA OB α=⨯=⨯⨯⨯= !.故选：A.6. 斐波那契螺旋线被誉为自然界最完美地“黄金螺旋”,如图给出了它地画法：以斐波那契数1,1,2,3,5,…为边地正方形依序拼成长方形,然后在每个正方形中画一个圆心角为90︒地圆弧,这些圆弧所连起来地弧线就是斐波那契螺旋线.假如用图中接下来地一段圆弧所对应地扇形做圆锥地侧面,那么该圆锥地表面积为（ ）A. 16πB. 20πC. 32πD. 36π【结果】B 【思路】【思路】由斐波那契数地规律判断出接下来地圆弧所在地扇形地半径是3+5=8.设圆锥底面半径为r ,求出r =2,即可求出圆锥地表面积.【详解】由斐波那契数地规律可知,从第三项起,每一个数都是前面两个数之和,即接下来地圆弧所在地扇形地半径是3+5=8,对应地弧长12844l ππ=⨯⨯=.设圆锥底面半径为r ,则24r ππ=,即r =2.该圆锥地表面积为21842202πππ⨯⨯+⨯=.故选：B.7. 第四届数字中国建设峰会将于2023年4月25日至26日在福州举办,福州市以此为契机,加快推进“5G +光网”双千兆城市建设.如图,某县区域地面有四个5G 基站A ,B ,C ,D .已知C ,D 两个基站建在江地南岸,距离为。
福建省福州市八校联考2021-2022学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题含解析
2021-2022学年第一学期半期考测试高三英语试卷（答案在最后）（满分：150分；考试时间：120分钟）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What drink will the man order?A.An apple juice.B.A tomato juice.C.A cold beer.2.What do we know about Jack?A.He will work on the project.B.He is not tough enough.C.He has little patience.3.Where does the conversation take place?A.At a subway station.B.At an airport.C.In a taxi.4.What does the woman want to do?A.Have a rest.B.Go to the movies.C.Visit Jeff with the man.5.What happened to the woman?A.She couldn’t find Mr.Beringer.B.She was late for an interview.C.She failed to get a job.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
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2020—2021学年度第一学期八县（市）一中期中联考高中三年英语科试卷命题学校：闽侯一中命题教师: 高三集备组审核教师:考试日期：11月13日完卷时间：120 分钟满分：150 分第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man ask the woman to do?A. Lend him a book.B. Return a book to the library.C. Show him the way to the library.2. Which section is Harry reading?A. The news.B. The sports.C. The job.3. Where might the woman be?A. On the stairs.B. In a lift.C. At the front door.4. What are the speakers doing?A. Setting the table.B. Eating in a restaurant.C. Shopping for kitchen things.5. What is the main topic of the conversation?A. Teachers.B. Universities.C. Grades.第二节（共15小题；每题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where did the man probably get his fish?A. From the fish market.B. From the grocery store.C. From a lake.7. What will the woman have next?A. Coffee.B. Ice cream.C. Apple pie.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where is the woman going?A. Atlanta.B. Orlando.C. New York.9. Why is the man making the trip?A. To do business.B. To see his parents.C. To attend a wedding.10. What will the man do next?A. Tie his seat belt.B. Get ready for the landing.C. Change seats with the woman.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Who is the woman speaking to?A. A friend.B. A police officer.C. A car service worker.12. What is the problem with the woman’s car?A. One tire is flat.B. The battery is dead.C. It was hit by another car.13. How will the woman get home?A. By taxi.B. By driving her own car.C. By driving her friend’s car.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. Where will the speakers go to get their shots?A. A drug store.B. The clinic.C. The hospital.15. Who is getting clothes as a gift?A. The man’s brother.B. The woman’s sister.C. The woman’s parents.16. How many people will be at Christmas dinner?A. Five.B. Six.C. Four.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the name of the school’s basketball team?A. The Eagles.B. The Peacocks.C. The Pandas.18. What did the school raise money for?A. A hospital.B. Women’s equality.C. The science fair.19. Who won the award for excellence in English?A. Greg.B. Shannon.C. John.20. When might the announcement take place?A. In February.B. In April.C. In June.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
AThe New York Pass©The New York Pass© looks like a credit card, and provides free entry into over 100 of New York City's top attractions as well as numerous discounts at restaurants and retailers.You have the option of selecting the pass for 1, 2,3,5,7 and 10 days. There is no limit to how many attractions you are able to visit with the pass, regardless of duration(持续时间). Simply buy your chosen pass and download instantly using our app (or get it delivered/collect in city). Then scan your pass to enter any of the 100+ attractions.How to get your New York Pass©Pick your pass duration (1,2,3,5,7 or 10 days) and download your mobile pass instantly using our app. If you prefer a physical pass simply choose delivery (we deliver worldwide) or collect on arrival in New York.How to use your New York Pass©You now have free access to any of the 100+ top attractions included for the duration of your pass. Your pass is only activated when you visit your first attraction and is valid for consecutive(连续的) days (not 24-hour periods).How to pre-book toursThe majority of the 100+ attractions don't require any pre-booking, you can simply turn up, scan your pass and head straight inside. Some of the timed tours do require pre-booking and all information can be found in the app and/or in the pocket sized guidebook.How to get fast track entryThe New York Pass© offers fantastic time saving benefits. You can skip the ticket line (does not apply to security lines) at top attractions. Just look for the signs, show the attendant your pass and skip the ticket line.21.What do we learn about the New York Pass©?A. It doesn’t limit the number of attractions.B. It offers you five duration choices.C. You must book your tours in advance.D. You must activate it right after you get it.22.How many ways do you have to get your New York Pass©?A. OneB. TwoC. ThreeD. Four23.What is the greatest advantage of The New York Pass©?A. Lower prices.B. Better service.C.Higher efficiency.D. More attractions.BIn 2015, Professor Wang Zhenyi, who specializes in treating acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL)(急性早幼粒细胞白血病), received a letter of thanks from America. The writer of the letter was Mrs. Berna-dette Giandomenico, who once suffered from APL but was cured with all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA)(全反式维甲酸), a treatment developed by Wang and his medical team.Working at Ruijin Hospital, Wang has been devoting his life to the treatment of leukemia. He received the country's highest honor in science and technology in 2010.Born in 1924 in Shanghai, Wang was inspired by a family friend's experience of pursuing a career in medicine as a child. His grandmother's death caused by typhoid (伤寒) further strengthened his resolve to fight against diseases and rescue patients. With outstanding academic performance, Wang became a doctor at Guangci Hospital, today's Ruijin Hospital.In 1978, a research paper from Israeli experts gave Wang inspiration on studying how leukemia cells could become normal. His research didn't progress as expected, though. In 1983, another research paper shed light on his study. As the paper suggested, after being treated with 13-cis-retinoic acid, white blood cells in patients with APL could become normal. Considering the difficulties and high cost of producing a drug made from 13-cis-retinoic acid, Wang's team decided to replace that ingredient with ATRA, and they finally verified itspositive effect after several months' experiments. In 1986, the drug was first adopted in treating a five-year-old patient. It turned out successful. After eight years of research, Wang's team eventually made the first breakthrough in the battle against APL.To make sure every APL patient could afford the medicine, Wang has not patented his research result to date. "One cannot be a real doctor if one does not have expertise in medicine," Wang said in an interview. "However, without a kind heart, a skilled doctor may cause harm to patients."Having worked in the field of hematopathology(血液病理学) for over 70 years, Wang has been well recognized for his remarkable contribution to saving lives.24.Why did Mrs. Giandomenico write a letter to Professor Wang?A. To ask for medical suggestions.B. To share her battle against APL.C. To express her appreciation.D. To update information about her treatment.25.What increased Wang’s determination to become a doctor?A. His grandmother’s death.B. His great academic achievement.C. The inspiration from foreign experts.D. The example of a family friend.26.What does the underlined word “verified” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. deniedB. assessedC. predictedD.confirmed27.What is the best title for the text?A. The application of ATRAB. A doctor with the human touchC. The Chinese cure for APL patientsD. A lifesaver with remarkable honorCThe seal feels perfectly safe lying on the Antarctic ice even if it is surrounded by a pod of killer whales. But within minutes it has been knocked into the water in a clever team tactic (战术) before being killed. These astonishing pictures show how the sea predators work together—and the technique provides meals for killer whales three out of every four timesthey use it, according to scientists.Research has also found that the mammals—around 26ft in length and weighing more than six tons—carefully kill the prey underwater，co-operating as they skin and dissect（解剖）the seals. Dr Robert Pitman，a marine scientist at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in California, took the shocking images of the pod going in for the kill. He said, “The killer whales were very good at knowing in advance if they were going to be able to wash a seal off a floe（大浮冰）and they were always successful in getting the seal into the water. A couple of times the seal was washed off but managed to escape in the confusion, but not very often. From killer whale studies elsewhere we expected this kind of social interaction but it was the canniness（精明）of their hunting tactics that blew us away.”Dr Pitman and his colleague Dr John Durban helped a BBC film crew capture their behaviour for the TV documentary series Frozen Planet, to be shown later this month. They spent weeks tracking and recording the hunting behaviour in the pack ice off the coast of the Antarctica Peninsula. The whales prefer Weddell seals, which can be up to 11 feet long, rather than the more aggressive crabeater and leopard seals. Dr Pitman told the Sunday Telegraph that the whales deal with seals who try to hide among the ice after being knocked into the sea by creating shock waves with their tails to knock them out into the open water.He said, “The whales also blew streams of bubbles under the seals apparently trying to get them into open water where they wouldn't have a chance against the waiting killer whales.”28. Which of the following is true about the killer whales' hunting tactic?A. They kill the whale before knocking it into water.B. They use the tactic three or four times before succeeding.C. They make astonishing shows to have other sea predators work together.D. They manage to earn their meals with the tactic in most cases.29. As is mentioned in the passage, Robert Pitman______________.A. worked as a reporter at BBCB. filmed Frozen Planet all by himselfC. followed and recorded the killer whales for weeksD. conducted studies on killer whales elsewhere in advance30. From Pitman's study we know that killer whales____________.A. use their skin to interactB. are normally 11 feet longC. often have seals run away in the open waterD. take advantage of bubbles when hunting31. What's the main idea of the passage?A. A TV documentary series on seals.B. The canny team tactics of killer whales.C. Dr Robert Pitman's latest study.D.The special living habits of killer whales.DIn ancient times, our ancestors relied on stars to guide them on a clear night. Today, we have navigational systems to help us find our way, with the latest being the Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS).The BDS is entirely built by Chinese engineers. With the launch of the last satellite from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center on June 23, the global network of 59 satellites has been completed. On July 31, Beidou started providing full-scale global services. It’s difficult to imagine the dramatic impact those satellites, orbiting (绕…运转) the Earth, have on our daily lives.When you unlock one of Hellobike’s bicycles, you are using the BDS. The popular bike-sharing company came out with two new bike models this year that are equipped with the positioning service. “The intelligent lock on each bike receives Beidou satellite signals and sends positioning information to the data center, which will help collect big data on the bikes and estimate users’ riding demands in advance according to the data,” Chu Yiqun, a manager of Hellobike told Xinhua News Agency. Users can also find shared bikes more accurately thanks to Beidou’s global positioning accuracy of 2.34 meters.However, the BDS doesn’t just work one way. As the country’s largest space-basedsystem and one of four global navigation networks, along with the United States’ GPS, Russia’s GLONASS and the European Union’s Galileo, Beidou adopts a unique two-way communication system, including its ability to receive messages sent by people from areas with poor communication signals. Obviously, this exclusive function isn’t designed for users to chat online. Instead, it plays a role when disasters occur and communications are blocked.After the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008, all ground-based communication facilities were interrupted. Though the first generation of Beidou could only send 120 characters in a single message at that time, communication between affected areas and rescue centers was successful. Now, Beidou’s messaging capacity has been increased to 1,200 Chinese characters in a single message. It is widely used in disaster alarms, automatic identification and information release.As Sun Jiadong, former chief designer of the BDS said: “The application of Beidou is merely limited by imagination.”32. What can we know about Beidou from the passage?A. It’s able to provide worldwide coverage for navigation.B. Its last satellite was launched in Xichang on July 31.C. It’s one of the five global navigation networks.D. It’s jointly developed by Chinese and foreign engineers.33. Why is Hellobike mentioned in paragraph 3?A. To present the benefits and limitations of the BDS.B. To highlight the high positioning accuracy of the BDS.C. To show how the BDS makes people’s daily lives easier.D. To explain the unique way in which the BDS works.34. What is the function of Beidou’s two-way communication system?A. To collect instant feedback sent by global users.B. To allow users to chat online more conveniently.C. To make communication more fun and efficient.D. To help people when communication signals are weak.35. What do Sun Jiadong’s words in the last paragraph imply?A. Beidou stimulates users’ imagination.B. Beidou may be more helpful than we know.C. Beidou is currently limited in application.D. Beidou needs to be further perfected.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。