astm a213标准

合集下载

ASTM A213-2010

Designation:A213/A213M–10Used in USDOE-NE standards Standard Speciﬁcation forSeamless Ferritic and Austenitic Alloy-Steel Boiler,Superheater,and Heat-Exchanger Tubes1This standard is issued under theﬁxed designation A213/A213M;the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon(´)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1This speciﬁcation2covers seamless ferritic and austen-itic steel boiler,superheater,and heat-exchanger tubes,desig-nated Grades T5,TP304,etc.These steels are listed in Tables 1and2.1.2Grades containing the letter,H,in their designation, have requirements different from those of similar grades not containing the letter,H.These different requirements provide higher creep-rupture strength than normally achievable in similar grades without these different requirements.1.3The tubing sizes and thicknesses usually furnished to this speciﬁcation are1⁄8in.[3.2mm]in inside diameter to5in. [127mm]in outside diameter and0.015to0.500in.[0.4to 12.7mm],inclusive,in minimum wall thickness or,if speciﬁed in the order,average wall thickness.Tubing having other diameters may be furnished,provided such tubes comply with all other requirements of this speciﬁcation.1.4The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard.Within the text,the SI units are shown in brackets.The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,each system shall be used independently of the bining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.The inch-pound units shall apply unless the“M”designation of this speciﬁcation is speciﬁed in the order.2.Referenced Documents2.1ASTM Standards:3A262Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to IntergranularAttack in Austenitic Stainless SteelsA941Terminology Relating to Steel,Stainless Steel,Re-lated Alloys,and FerroalloysA1016/A1016M Speciﬁcation for General Requirements for Ferritic Alloy Steel,Austenitic Alloy Steel,and Stain-less Steel TubesE112Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size3.Terminology3.1Deﬁnitions—For deﬁnitions of terms used in this speci-ﬁcation,refer to Terminology A941.4.Ordering Information4.1It shall be the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all requirements that are necessary for products under this speciﬁcation.Such requirements to be considered include,but are not limited to,the following:4.1.1Quantity(feet,metres,or number of lengths),4.1.2Name of material(seamless tubes),4.1.3Grade(Tables1and2),4.1.4Condition(hotﬁnished or coldﬁnished),4.1.5Controlled structural characteristics(see6.3),4.1.6Size(outside diameter and minimum wall thickness, unless average wall thickness is speciﬁed),4.1.7Length(speciﬁc or random),4.1.8Hydrostatic Test or Nondestructive Electric Test(see 10.1),4.1.9Speciﬁcation designation and year of issue,4.1.10Increased sulfur(for machinability,see Note B,Table 1,and15.3),and4.1.11Special requirements and any supplementary require-ments selected.5.General Requirements5.1Product furnished to this speciﬁcation shall conform to the requirements of Speciﬁcation A1016/A1016M,including any supplementary requirements that are indicated in the purchase order.Failure to comply with the general require-ments of Speciﬁcation A1016/A1016M constitutes nonconfor-mance with this speciﬁcation.In case of conﬂict between the1This speciﬁcation is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.10on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.Current edition approved April1,2010.Published May2010.Originallyapproved st previous edition approved in2009as A213/A213M–09b.DOI:10.1520/A0213_A0213M-10.2For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Speciﬁ-cation SA-213in Section II of that Code.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at service@.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standard’s Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard. Copyright©ASTM International,100Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA19428-2959,United States.requirements of this speciﬁcation and Speciﬁcation A1016/ A1016M,this speciﬁcation shall prevail.6.Materials and Manufacture6.1Manufacture and Condition—Tubes shall be made by the seamless process and shall be either hotﬁnished or cold ﬁnished,as speciﬁed.Grade TP347HFG shall be coldﬁnished.6.2Heat Treatment:6.2.1Ferritic Alloy and Ferritic Stainless Steels—The fer-ritic alloy and ferritic stainless steels shall be reheated for heat treatment in accordance with the requirements of Table3.Heat treatment shall be carried out separately and in addition to heating for hot forming.6.2.2Austenitic Stainless Steels—All austenitic tubes shall be furnished in the heat-treated condition,and shall be heat treated in accordance with the requirements of Table3. Alternatively,immediately after hot forming,while the tem-perature of the tubes is not less than the minimum solution treatment temperature speciﬁed in Table3,tubes may be individually quenched in water or rapidly cooled by other means(direct quenched).6.3If any controlled structural characteristics are required, these shall be so speciﬁed in the order as to be a guide as to the most suitable heattreatment. A213/A213M–107.Chemical Composition7.1Composition Requirements:7.1.1The alloy steels shall conform to the chemical require-ments given in Table1.7.1.2The stainless steels shall conform to the chemical requirements given in Table2.7.2Product Analysis:7.2.1An analysis of either one billet or one tube shall be made from each heat.The chemical composition thus deter-mined shall conform to the requirements speciﬁed.7.2.2If the original test for product analysis fails,retests of two additional billets or tubes shall be made.Both retests,for the elements in question,shall meet the requirements of the speciﬁcation;otherwise all remaining material in the heat shall be rejected or,at the option of the producer,each billet or tube may be individually tested for acceptance.Billets or tubes that do not meet the requirements of the speciﬁcation shall be rejected.8.Grain Size8.1Grain size shall be as given in Table3,as determined in accordance with Test Methods E112.8.2Grain size determinations,to demonstrate compliance with8.1,shall be made on one end of oneﬁnished tube from each lot.See14.1.9.Mechanical Properties9.1Tensile Requirements:9.1.1The material shall conform to the requirements as to tensile properties given in Table4.9.1.2Table5gives the computed minimum elongation values for each1⁄32-in.[0.8-mm]decrease in wall thickness. Where the wall thickness lies between two values shown in Table5,the minimum elongation value shall be determined by the following equations.For Grades T23,T24,T91,T92,T122, T911,and S44400:E=32t+10.00[E=1.25t+10.00].For Grade T36:E=32t+5.0[E=1.25t+5.0].For all other ferritic alloy grades:E=48t+15.00[E=1.87t+15.00]. where:E=elongation in2in.[50mm],%,andt=actual thickness of specimen,in.[mm].9.1.3One tension test shall be made on a specimen from one tube for lots of not more than50tubes.Tension tests shall be made on specimens from two tubes for lots of more than50 tubes.See14.2.9.2Hardness Requirements:9.2.1The material shall conform to the hardness require-ments given in Table4.See14.2.9.2.2Brinell,Vickers,or Rockwell hardness tests shall be made on specimens from two tubes from each lot.See14.2.9.3Flattening Test—Oneﬂattening test shall be made on specimens from each end of oneﬁnished tube,not the one used for theﬂaring test,from each lot.See14.1.9.4Flaring Test—Oneﬂaring test shall be made on speci-mens from each end of oneﬁnished tube,not the one used for theﬂattening test,from each lot.See14.1.9.5Mechanical property requirements do not apply to tubing smaller than1⁄8in.[3.2mm]in inside diameter or thinner than0.015in.[0.4mm]in thickness.10.Hydrostatic or Nondestructive Electric Test10.1Each tube shall be subjected to the nondestructive electric test or the hydrostatic test.The type of test to be used shall be at the option of the manufacturer,unless otherwise speciﬁed in the purchase order.11.Forming Operations11.1Tubes,when inserted in a boiler or tube sheet,shall stand expanding and beading without showing cracks orﬂaws. Superheater tubes when properly manipulated shall stand all forging,welding,and bending operations necessary for appli-cation without developing defects.See Note1.N OTE1—Certain of the ferritic steels covered by this speciﬁcation will harden if cooled rapidly from above their critical temperature.Some will air harden,that is,become hardened to an undesirable degree when cooled in air from high temperatures,particularly chromium-containing steels with chromium of4%and higher.Therefore,operations that involve heating such steels above their critical temperatures,such as welding,ﬂanging,and hot bending,should be followed by suitable heat treatment.12.Permissible Variations from the Speciﬁed WallThickness12.1Permissible variations from the speciﬁed minimum wall thickness shall be in accordance with Speciﬁcation A1016/A1016M.12.2Permissible variations from the speciﬁed average wall thickness shall be610%of the speciﬁed average wall thickness for cold formed tubes and,unless otherwise speciﬁed by the purchaser,shall be in accordance with Table6for hot formed tubes.13.Surface Condition13.1Ferritic alloy cold-ﬁnished steel tubes shall be free of scale and suitable for inspection.A slight amount of oxidation is not considered scale.13.2Ferritic alloy hot-ﬁnished steel tubes shall be free of loose scale and suitable for inspection.13.3Stainless steel tubes shall be pickled free of scale. When bright annealing is used,pickling is not necessary. 13.4Any specialﬁnish requirement shall be subject to agreement between the supplier and the purchaser.14.Sampling14.1Forﬂattening,ﬂaring,and grain size requirements,the term lot applies to all tubes,prior to cutting,of the same size (see4.1.6)that are produced from the same heat of steel.When ﬁnal heat treatment is in a batch-type furnace,a lot shall include only those tubes of the same size and from the same heat that are heat treated in the same furnace charge.When the ﬁnal heat treatment is in a continuous furnace or when the heat-treated condition is obtained directly by quenching after hot forming,the number of tubes of the same size and from the same heat in a lot shall be determined from the size of the tubes as prescribed in Table7.TABLE3Heat Treatment and Grain Size Requirements AGradeUNSNumberHeat Treat TypeAustenitizing/SolutioningTemperature,min or range°F[°C]Cooling MediaSubcritical Annealingor TemperingTemperature,min or range°F[°C]ASTMGrain Size No.BFerritic Alloy SteelsT2K11547full or isothermal anneal…………normalize and temper…………subcritical anneal……1200to1350[650to730]…T5K41545full or isothermal anneal…………normalize and temper……1250[675]…T5b K51545full or isothermal anneal…………normalize and temper……1250[675]…T5c K41245subcritical anneal…air or furnace1350[730]C…T9S50400full or isothermal anneal…………normalize and temper……1250[675]…T11K11597full or isothermal anneal…………normalize and temper……1200[650]…T12K11562full or isothermal anneal…………normalize and temper…………subcritical anneal……1200to1350[650to730]…T17K12047full or isothermal anneal…………normalize and temper……1200[650]…T21K31545full or isothermal anneal…………normalize and temper……1250[675]…T22K21590full or isothermal anneal…………normalize and temper……1250[675]…T23K40712normalize and temper1900–1975[1040–1080]…1350–1470[730–800]…T24K30736normalize and tempher1800–1870[980–1020]D1350–1420[730–770]…T36K21001normalize and temper1650[900]E1100[595]…T91K90901normalize and temper1900–1975[1040–1080]…1350–1470[730–800]…T92K92460normalize and temper1900–1975[1040–1080]…1350–1470[730–800]…T122K91261normalize and temper1900–1975[1040–1080]…1350–1470[730–800]…T911K91061normalize and temper1900–1975[1040–1080]D1365–1435[740–780]…Austenitic Stainless SteelsTP201S20100solution treatment1900[1040]F water or other rapid cool……TP202S20200solution treatment1900[1040]F water or other rapid cool……XM-19S20910solution treatment1900[1040]F water or other rapid cool………S21500solution treatment1900[1040]F,G water or other rapid cool………S25700solution treatment1900[1040]F water or other rapid cool……...S30150solution treatment1900[1040]F water or other rapid cool......TP304S30400solution treatment1900[1040]F water or other rapid cool......TP304L S30403solution treatment1900[1040]F water or other rapid cool......TP304H S30409solution treatment1900[1040]water or other rapid cool (7)…S30432solution treatment2000[1100]F water or other rapid cool………S30434solution treatment2120[1160]water or other rapid cool……TP304N S30451solution treatment1900[1040]F water or other rapid cool……TP304LN S30453solution treatment1900[1040]F water or other rapid cool………S30615solution treatment1900[1040]F water or other rapid cool……...S30815solution treatment1920[1050]water or other rapid cool......TP309S S30908solution treatment1900[1040]F water or other rapid cool......TP309H S30909solution treatment1900[1040]water or other rapid cool (7)TP309LMoN S30925solution treatment1920[1050]water or other rapid cool (7)TP309Cb S30940solution treatment1900[1040]F water or other rapid cool......TP309HCb S30941solution treatment1900[1040]H water or other rapid cool (7)...S30942solution treatment2120[1160]water or other rapid cool6...S31002solution treatment1900[1040]F water or other rapid cool......TP310S S31008solution treatment1900[1040]F water or other rapid cool......TP310H S31009solution treatment1900[1040]water or other rapid cool (7)TP310MoCbN S31025solution treatment2100[1150]water or other rapid cool (7)…S31035solution treatment2160–2280[1180–1250]water or other rapid cool (7)TP310Cb S31040solution treatment1900[1040]F water or other rapid cool......TP310HCb S31041solution treatment1900[1040]H water or other rapid cool (7)TABLE3ContinuedTP444S44400subcritical anneal……1400[760]…A Where ellipses(…)appear in this table there is no requirement.B ASTM Grain Size No.listed,or coarser,unless otherwise indicated.C Approximately,to achieve properties.D Accelerated cooling from the normalizing temperature shall be permitted for section thicknesses greater than3in.[75mm].E Accelerated air cooling or liquid quenching shall be permitted for Class2.F Quenched in water or rapidly cooled by other means,at a rate sufficient to prevent re-precipitation of carbides,as demonstrable by the capability of tubes,heat treated by either separate solution annealing or by direct quenching,passing Practices A262,Practice E.The manufacturer is not required to run the test unless it is speciﬁed on the purchase order(see Supplementary Requirement S4).Note that Practices A262requires the test to be performed on sensitized specimens in the low-carbon and stabilized types and on specimens representative of the as-shipped condition for other types.In the case of low-carbon types containing3%or more molybdenum,the applicability of the sensitizing treatment prior to testing shall be a matter for negotiation between the seller and the purchaser.G A maximum solution treating temperature of2100°F[1150°C]is recommended for UNS S21500.H A solution treating temperature above1950°F[1065°C]may impair resistance to intergranular corrosion after subsequent exposure to sensitizing conditions in the indicated grades.When speciﬁed by the purchaser,a lower temperature stabilization or resolution anneal shall be used subsequent to the higher-temperature solution anneal prescribed in this table.I Solution treatment shall be preceded by a softening heat treatment prior to cold-working.The softening temperature shall be at least90°F[50°C]higher than the solution heat treatment temperature,which shall be at2150°F[1180°C]minimum.TABLE4Tensile and Hardness RequirementsHardness AGradeUNSDesignationTensileStrength,min,ksi[MPa]YieldStrength,min,ksi[MPa]Elongationin2in.or50mm,min,%B,CBrinell/Vickers RockwellLow Alloy Steels:T5b K5154560[415]30[205]30179HBW/190HV89HRBT9K9094160[415]30[205]30179HBW/190HV89HRBT12K1156260[415]32[220]30163HBW/170HV85HRBT23K4071274[510]58[400]20220HBW/230HV97HRBT24K3073685[585]60[415]20250HBW/265HV25HRCT36Class1K2100190[620]64[440]15250HBW/265HV25HRCT36Class2K2100195.5[660]66.5[460]15250HBW/265HV25HRCT91K9090185[585]60[415]20190to250HBW/196to265HV 90HRB to25HRCT92K9246090[620]64[440]20250HBW/265HV25HRCT122K9127190[620]58[400]20250HBW/265HV25HRCT911K9106190[620]64[440]20250HBW/265HV25HRCAll other low alloy grades 60[415]30[205]30163HB/170HV85HRBAustenitic StainlessSteels:TP201S2010095[655]38[260]35219HBW/230HV95HRBTP202S2020090[620]45[310]35219HBW/230HV95HRBXM-19S20910100[690]55[380]35250HBW/265HV25HRC...S2150078[540]33[230]35192HBW/200HV90HRB ...S2570078[540]35[240]50217HBW95HRB TP304S3040075[515]30[205]35192HBW/200HV90HRBTP304L S3040370[485]25[170]35192HBW/200HV90HRBTP304H S3040975[515]30[205]35192HBW/200HV90HRB...S3043286[590]34[235]35219HBW/230HV95HRB...S3043473[500]30[205]35192HBW/200HV90HRBTP304N S3045180[550]35[240]35192HBW/200HV90HRBTP304LN S3045375[515]30[205]35192HBW/200HV90HRB...S3061590[620]40[275]35192HBW/200HV90HRB ...S3081587[600]45[310]40217HBW95HRB TP309S S3090875[515]30[205]35192HBW/200HV90HRBTP309H S3090975[515]30[205]35192HBW/200HV90HRB TP309LMoN S3092593[640]38[260]30256HBW/270HV100HRB TP309Cb S3094075[515]30[205]35192HBW/200HV90HRBTP309HCb S3094175[515]30[205]35192HBW/200HV90HRB...S3094286[590]34[235]35219HBW/230HV95HRB...S3100273[500]30[205]35192HBW/200HV90HRBTP310S S3100875[515]30[205]35192HBW/200HV 90HRB --``,,`,,``,,,,,,,```,,``,``,,,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---GradeUNS Designation Tensile Strength,min,ksi [MPa]Yield Strength,min,ksi [MPa]Elongation in 2in.or 50mm,min,%B ,CBrinell/Vickers RockwellTP310H S3100975[515]30[205]35192HBW/200HV 90HRB TP310MoCbNS3102593[640]39[270]30256HBW/270HV 100HRB S3103595[655]45[310]40220HBW/230HV 96HRB TP310Cb S3104075[515]30[205]35192HBW/200HV 90HRB TP310HCbS3104175[515]30[205]35192HBW/200HV 90HRB TP310HCbN S3104295[655]43[295]30256HBW 100HRB TP310MoLNS31050T #0.25in.[6mm]84[580]39[270]25217HBW 95HRB t >0.25in.[6mm]78[540]37[255]25217HBW 95HRB ...S3106087[600]41[280]40217HBW 95HRB ...S31254T #0.187in.[5mm]98[675]45[310]35220HBW/230HV 96HRB T >0.187in.[5mm]95[655]45[310]35220HBW/230HV 96HRB ...S3127265[450]29[200]35217HBW 95HRB ...S3*******[770]52[360]40241HBW 100HRB TP316S3160075[515]30[205]35192HBW/200HV 90HRB TP316L S3160370[485]25[170]35192HBW/200HV 90HRB TP316H S3160975[515]30[205]35192HBW/200HV 90HRB TP316Ti S3163575[515]30[205]35192HBW/200HV 90HRB TP316N S3165180[550]35[240]35192HBW/200HV 90HRB TP317S3170075[515]30[205]34192HBW/200HV 90HRB TP317L S3170375[515]30[205]35192HBW/200HV 90HRB ...S3172575[515]30[205]35192HBW/200HV 90HRB ...S3205098[675]48[330]40256HBW 100HRB TP321S3210075[515]30[205]35192HBW/200HV 90HRB TP321H S3210975[515]30[205]35192HBW/200HV 90HRB ...S3261580[550]32[220]25192HBW/200HV 90HRB ...S3271680[240]35[240]35192HBW/200HV 90HRB ...S3322873[500]27[185]30192HBW/200HV 90HRB ...S3*******[790]60[415]35241HBW 100HRB TP347S3470075[515]30[205]35192HBW/200HV 90HRB TP347W S3470590[620]38[260]30219HBW/230HV 95HRB TP347H S3470975[515]30[205]35192HBW/200HV 90HRB TP347HFG S3471080[550]30[205]35192HBW/200HV 90HRB TP347LN S3475175[515]30[205]35192HBW/200HV 90HRB TP348S3480075[515]30[205]35192HBW/200HV 90HRB TP348H S3480975[515]30[205]35192HBW/200HV 90HRB ...S3504570[485]25[170]35192HBW/200HV 90HRB XM-15S3810075[515]30[205]35192HBW/200HV 90HRB ...S3881578[540]37[255]30256HBW100HRB--``,,`,,``,,,,,,,```,,``,``,,,,-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---GradeUNSDesignationTensileStrength,min,ksi[MPa]YieldStrength,min,ksi[MPa]Elongationin2in.or50mm,min,%B,CBrinell/Vickers Rockwell800N08800cold-worked annealed 75[515]30[205]30192HBW/200HV90HRBhot-ﬁnished annealed 65[450]25[170]30192HBW/200HV90HRB800H N0881065[450]25[170]30192HBW/200HV90HRB...N0881165[450]25[170]30192HBW/200HV90HRB ...N0892587[600]43[295]40217HBW95HRB ...N0892694[650]43[295]35256HBW100HRB Ferritic Stainless SteelsTP444S4440060[415]40[275]20217HBW/230HV96HRBA Max,unless a range or a minimum is speciﬁed.B When standard round2in.or50mm gage length or smaller proportionally sized specimens with gage length equal to4D(4times the diameter)is used,the minimum elongation shall be22%for all low alloy grades except T23,T24,T91,T92,T122,and T911;and except for TP444.C For longitudinal strip tests,a deduction from the basic minimum elongation values of1.00%for TP444,T23,T24,T91,T92,T122,and T911,and of1.50%for all other low alloy grades for each1⁄32-in.[0.8-mm]decrease in wall thickness below5⁄16in.[8mm]shall be made.14.2For tensile and hardness test requirements,the term lot applies to all tubes prior to cutting,of the same size(see4.1.6) that are produced from the same heat of steel.Whenﬁnal heat treatment is in a batch-type furnace,a lot shall include only those tubes of the same size and the same heat that are heat treated in the same furnace charge.When theﬁnal heat treatment is in a continuous furnace,or when the heat-treated condition is obtained directly by quenching after hot forming, a lot shall include all tubes of the same size and heat,heat treated in the same furnace at the same temperature,time at heat,and furnace speed;or all tubes of the same size and heat, hot formed and quenched in the same production run,except as prescribed in9.1.3.15.Product Marking15.1In addition to the marking prescribed in Speciﬁcation A1016/A1016M,the marking shall include:the condition,hot ﬁnished or coldﬁnished;and the wall designation,minimum wall or average wall.15.2For the austenitic stainless steels having a grain size requirement(see Table3)the marking shall also include the heat number and heat-treatment lot identiﬁcation.15.3When either T2or T12are ordered with higher sulfur contents as permitted by Note B of Table1,the marking shall include the letter,S,following the grade designation:T2S or T12S.16.Keywords16.1alloy steel tubes;austenitic stainless steel;boiler tubes; ferritic stainless steel;heat exchanger tubes;high-temperature applications;seamless steel tubes;steel tubes;superheater tubes;temperature service applications-highTABLE5Computed Minimum Values AWall ThicknessElongation in2in.or50mm,min,%in.mmS44400,T23,T24,T91,T92,T122,andT911T36All OtherFerritic Grades5⁄16[0.312]82015309⁄32[0.281]7.21914291⁄4[0.250] 6.41813277⁄32[0.219] 5.61712263⁄16[0.188] 4.81611245⁄32[0.156]41510231⁄8[0.125] 3.2149213⁄32[0.094] 2.4138201⁄16[0.062] 1.6127180.062to0.035,excl 1.6to0.9127170.035to0.022,excl0.9to0.6116170.022to0.015incl0.6to0.411616A Calculated elongation requirements shall be rounded to the nearest whole number.TABLE6Permitted Variations in Average Wall Thickness for HotFormed TubesTolerance in%,from speciﬁedNPS[DN]Designator Over Under1⁄8to21⁄2[6to65]incl,all t/D ratios A2012.5Above21⁄2[65],t/D#5%A22.512.5Above21⁄2[65],t/D>5%A1512.5A t=speciﬁed wall thickness D=speciﬁed outsidediameterSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSThe following supplementary requirements shall apply only when speciﬁed by the purchaser in the inquiry,contract,or order.S1.Stress-Relieved Annealed TubesS1.1For use in certain corrosives,particularly chlorides where stress corrosion may occur,tubes in Grades TP304L, TP316L,TP321,TP347,and TP348may be speciﬁed in the stress-relieved annealed condition.S1.2When stress-relieved tubes are speciﬁed,tubes shall be given a heat treatment at1500to1650°F[815to900°C]after roll straightening.Cooling from this temperature range may be either in air or by slow cooling.No mechanical straightening is permitted after the stress-relief treatment.S1.3Straightness of the tubes shall be a matter of negotia-tion between the purchaser and supplier.S2.Stabilizing Heat TreatmentS2.1Subsequent to the solution anneal required in Section 6,Grades TP309HCb,TP310HCb,TP310HCbN,TP321, TP321H,TP347,TP347H,TP348,and TP348H shall be given a stabilization heat treatment at a temperature lower than that used for the initial solution annealing heat treatment.The temperature of stabilization heat treatment shall be at a temperature as agreed upon between the purchaser and vendor.S3.Unstraightened TubesS3.1When the purchaser speciﬁes tubes unstraightened afterﬁnal heat treatment(such as coils),the minimum yield strength of Table4shall be reduced by5ksi[35MPa].S3.2On the certiﬁcation,and wherever the grade designa-tion for unstraightened tubing appears,it shall be identiﬁed with the suffix letter“U”(for example,304-U,321-U,etc.). S4.Intergranular Corrosion TestS4.1When speciﬁed,material shall pass intergranular cor-rosion tests conducted by the manufacturer in accordance with Practices A262,Practice E.N OTE S4.1—Practice E requires testing on the sensitized condition for low carbon or stabilized grades,and on the as-shipped condition for other grades.S4.2A stabilization heat treatment in accordance with Supplementary Requirement S2may be necessary and is permitted in order to meet this requirement for the grades containing titanium or columbium,particularly in their H versions.SUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee A01has identiﬁed the location of selected changes to this speciﬁcation since the last issue, A213/A213M–09b,that may impact the use of this speciﬁcation.(Approved April1,2010)(1)Introduced a minimum hardness requirement for Grade T91 in Table4.(2)Modiﬁed the normalizing and tempering temperatures for Grade T24and added footnote E in Table3.(3)Added UNS N08800,N08810,and N08811to Tables2-4.TABLE7Number of Tubes in a Lot Heat Treated by the Continuous Process or by Direct Quench After Hot Forming Size of Tube Size of Lot2in.[50.8mm]and over in outside diameter and0.200in.[5.1mm]and over in wall thickness not more than50tubes2in.[50.8mm]and over in outside diameter andunder0.200in.[5.1mm]in wall thickness not more than75tubesLess than2in.[50.8mm]but over1in.[25.4mm]in outside diameter not more than75tubes1in.[25.4mm]or less in outside diameter not more than125tubes。

316l无缝管执行标准

316l无缝管执行标准
316L无缝管的执行标准通常是ASTM A213/A213M，这是一种常见的不锈钢无缝管标准。

ASTM A213/A213M标准规定了不锈钢无缝管的尺寸、形状、重量、技术要求、检验方法、验收规则、包装、标志和质量证明书。

316L是一种含有钼元素的不锈钢，相比普通的304不锈钢，316L的耐腐蚀性更强，尤其适合在含有氯离子的环境中使用。

因此，如果您的316L 无缝管用于腐蚀性较强的环境，那么需要特别注意其耐腐蚀性能。

在购买316L无缝管时，除了查看其是否符合ASTM A213/A213M标准外，还需要注意其化学成分、机械性能、表面质量等方面是否符合要求。

同时，也要确认供货商是否有相关的质量认证和售后服务。

ASTM A 313／A 313M-03 不锈钢弹簧丝技术规范

Designation:A 313/A 313M –03Standard Speciﬁcation forStainless Steel Spring Wire 1This standard is issued under the ﬁxed designation A 313/A 313M;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon (e )indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1This speciﬁcation covers austenitic and age-hardenable stainless steel round spring wire intended especially for the manufacture of springs.1.2The values stated in inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as the standard.Within the text and tables,the SI units are shown in brackets.The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents;therefore,each system must be used independently of the bining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the speciﬁcation.1.3Unless the order speciﬁes an “M”designation,the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.2.Referenced Documents 2.1ASTM Standards:A 555/A 555M Speciﬁcation for General Requirements for Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods 2A 751Test Methods,Practices,and Terminology for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products 2E 527Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)32.2Society of Automotive Engineers Standard:J 1086Numbering Metals and Alloys 43.Ordering Information3.1It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all requirements that are necessary for material ordered under this speciﬁcation.Such requirements may include,but are not limited to the following:3.1.1Quantity (weight),3.1.2Name of material (stainless steel spring wire),3.1.3Finish (see 8.1),3.1.4Dimension (diameter),3.1.5Type designation (Table 1),3.1.6ASTM designation and date of issue,3.1.7Supplementary requirements for government procure-ment,and3.1.8Special requirements.N OTE 1—A typical ordering description is as follows:2000lb (1000kg)Stainless Steel Spring Wire,cold-drawn Class 1,bright ﬁnish,0.032-in.(0.82mm)diameter,in 100-lb (50kg)16-in.(0.4m)coils,Type 302to ASTM A 313,dated ____.4.General Requirements for Delivery4.1In addition to the requirements of this speciﬁcation,all requirements of the current edition of Speciﬁcation A 555/A 555M shall apply.Failure to comply with the general requirements of Speciﬁcation A 555/A 555M constitutes non-conformance with this speciﬁcation.5.Manufacture5.1Types 302Class 1,304,305,316,321,347,and Grades S20430and XM-28shall be cold drawn to produce the required mechanical properties.5.2Type 631,Type 302Class 2,and Grade XM-16shall be furnished in the cold-drawn condition ready for fabrication.Following fabrication Type 631and Grade XM-16shall be age or precipitation hardened to produce their maximum strength properties.The tensile strengths to be obtained following the prescribed heat treatment are shown in Table 2and Table 3for hardened wire.Type 302Class 2shall be stress relieved following fabrication and meet the requirements shown in Table 4.The nominal as-drawn tensile strengths are provided as a guide for the spring manufacturer.6.Chemical Composition6.1The steel shall conform to the requirements as to chemical composition prescribed in Table 1.6.2Methods and practices relating to chemical analysis required by this speciﬁcation shall be in accordance with Test Methods,Practices,and Terminology A 751.7.Mechanical Requirements 7.1Tensile Properties :1This speciﬁcation is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys,and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.17on Flat-Rolled and Stainless Steel.Current edition approved May 10,2003.Published June 2003.Originally approved in st previous edition approved in 1998as A 313/A 313M –98.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards ,V ol 01.03.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards,V ol 01.01.4Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE),400Commonwealth Dr.,Warrendale,PA 15096.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ©ASTM International,100Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.巴巴客免费下载标准7.1.1Types 302Class 1and 304shall conform to the requirements shown in Table 5.7.1.2Types 305,316,321,and 347shall conform to the requirements shown in Table 6.7.1.3Type 631shall conform to the requirements shown in Table 2when heat treated 900°F [482°C]for 1h and air cooled.7.1.4Grade XM-16shall conform to the requirements shown in Table 3when heat treated 850°F [454°C]for 1⁄2h and air cooled.7.1.5Grade XM-28shall conform to the requirements shown in Table 7.7.1.6Type 302Class 2shall conform to the requirements shown in Table 4.7.1.7Grade S20430shall conform to the requirements shown in Table 8.7.2Wrap Test :7.2.1Wire 0.162in.[4.11mm]and smaller in diameter shall wind on itself as an arbor without breaking.7.2.2Wire larger than 0.162in.[4.11mm]in diameter shall wind without breaking on a mandrel having a diameter twice the diameter of the wire.7.3Uniformity (Coil Test):7.3.1In the as-cold drawn condition,a specimen coil shall be wound on an arbor of the size speciﬁed in Table 9to form a tightly wound coil.7.3.2After winding,the specimen coil shall be stretched to a permanent set four times its as-wound length.After this treatment,the specimen coil shall show uniform pitch with no splits or fractures.7.4Cast —A loop or ring shall be cut from the bundle and allowed to fall on the ﬂoor.The wire shall lie ﬂat and not spring up or show a wavy condition.TABLE 1Chemical RequirementsUNS Desig-nation ATypeComposition,B %CarbonManganesePhosphorusSulfurSiliconChromiumNickelMolybdenumNitrogenOther ElementsAustenitic GradesS 24100XM-280.1511.0–14.00.0600.030 1.0016.5–19.00.50–2.500.20–0.45S 302003020.12 2.000.0450.030 1.0017.0–19.08.0–10.00.10S 304003040.08 2.000.0450.030 1.0018.0–20.08.0–10.50.10S 305003050.12 2.000.0450.030 1.0017.0–19.010.5–13.0S 316003160.07 2.000.0450.030 1.0016.5–18.010.5–13.5 2.00–2.500.10S 32100S 347003213470.080.082.002.000.0450.0450.0300.0301.001.0017.0–19.017.0–19.09.0–12.09.0–13.0Ti 53C min(Cb +Ta)103C minAge-Hardenable GradesS 17700S 45500631XM-160.090.051.000.500.0400.0400.0300.0301.000.5016.0–18.011.0–12.56.50–7.87.50–9.50.50maxAl 0.75–1.50Ti 0.80–1.40Cu 1.50–2.50(Cb +Ta)0.10–0.50S 20430...0.15 6.5–9.00.0600.030 1.0015.5–17.5 1.50– 3.500.05–0.25Cu 2.0–4.0A New designations established in accordance with Practice E 527and SAE J 1086,Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS).BMaximum unless range is shown.TABLE 2Tensile Strength Requirements for Type 631ADiameter,in.[mm]Cold Drawn ConditionC,ksi [MPa]NominalCondition CH-900B ,ksi [MPa]min max 0.010[0.25]to 0.015[0.38],incl295[2035]335[2310]365[2515]Over 0.015[0.38]to 0.020[0.51],incl 290[2000]330[2275]360[2480]Over 0.020[0.51]to 0.029[0.74],incl 285[1965]325[2240]355[2450]Over 0.029[0.74]to 0.041[1.04],incl 275[1895]320[2205]350[2415]Over 0.041[1.04]to 0.051[1.30],incl 270[1860]310[2135]340[2345]Over 0.051[1.30]to 0.061[1.55],incl 265[1825]305[2100]335[2310]Over 0.061[1.55]to 0.071[1.80],incl 257[1770]297[2050]327[2255]Over 0.071[1.80]to 0.086[2.18],incl 255[1760]292[2015]322[2220]Over 0.086[2.18]to 0.090[2.29],incl 245[1690]282[1945]312[2150]Over 0.090[2.29]to 0.100[2.54],incl 242[1670]279[1925]309[2130]Over 0.100[2.54]to 0.106[2.69],incl 238[1640]274[1890]304[2095]Over 0.106[2.69]to 0.130[3.30],incl 236[1625]272[1875]302[2080]Over 0.130[3.30]to 0.138[3.50],incl 230[1585]260[1795]290[2000]Over 0.138[3.50]to 0.146[3.71],incl 228[1570]258[1780]288[1985]Over 0.146[3.71]to 0.162[4.11],incl 226[1560]256[1765]286[1970]Over 0.162[4.11]to0.180[4.57],incl 224[1545]254[1750]284[1960]Over 0.180[4.57]to 0.207[5.26],incl 222[1530]252[1740]282[1945]Over 0.207[5.26]to 0.225[5.72],incl 218[1505]248[1710]278[1915]Over 0.225[5.72]to 0.306[7.77],incl 213[1470]242[1670]272[1875]Over 0.306[7.77]to 0.440[11.2],incl 207[1425]235[1620]265[1825]Over 0.440[11.2]to 0.625[15.88],incl203[1400]230[1585]260[1795]A When wire is speciﬁed in straightened and cut lengths,the minimum tensile strength shall be 90%of the values listed in the table.BAged at 900°F [482°C]for 1h and air cooled.7.5Bend Test —When speciﬁed in the purchase order,Types 302,304,305,316,321,and 347shall be tested by the bend test.A piece not more than 10in.[254mm]long shall be selected from each test sample.These specimens shall be tested in a bending machine conforming substantially to Fig.1.Bends shall be made at as nearly a uniform rate as possible,notexceeding 50bends per minute,and in no case shall the speed be so great as to cause undue heating of the wire.The test specimen shall be bent back and forth through a total angle of 180°until failure occurs.Each 90°movement in either direction shall be counted as one bend.The wire shall withstand the minimum number of bends speciﬁed in Table 5and Table 6.8.Finish8.1Stainless steel spring wire is supplied with different types of ﬁnish such as bright,copper,lead,oxide,and other.9.Keywords9.1austenitic stainless steel;precipitation hardening stain-less steel;stainless steel spring wireTABLE 3Tensile Strength Requirements for Grade XM-16ADiameter,in.[mm]Cold Drawn,ksi [MPa]NominalAge Hardened B ,ksi [MPa]min max 0.010[0.25]to 0.040[1.02],incl245[1690]320[2205]350[2415]Over 0.040[1.02]to 0.050[1.27],incl 235[1620]310[2135]340[2345]Over 0.050[1.27]to 0.060[1.52],incl 225[1550]305[2100]335[2310]Over 0.060[1.52]to 0.075[1.90],incl 220[1515]295[2035]325[2240]Over 0.075[1.90]to 0.085[2.16],incl 215[1480]290[2000]320[2205]Over 0.085[2.16]to 0.095[2.41],incl 210[1450]285[1965]315[2170]Over 0.095[2.41]to 0.110[2.79],incl 200[1380]278[1915]308[2125]Over 0.110[2.79]to 0.125[3.17],incl 195[1345]272[1875]302[2080]Over 0.125[3.17]to 0.150[3.81],incl 190[1310]265[1825]295[2035]Over 0.150[3.81]to 0.500[12.7],incl180[1240]260[1795]290[2000]A When wire is straightened and cut lengths,the minimum tensile strength shall be 90%of the values listed in the table.BAged at 850°F [454°C]for 1⁄2h and air cooled.TABLE 4Tensile Strength Requirement for Type 302Class 2Diameter,in.[mm]ksi [MPa]Cold Drawn Nominal Stress Relieved A min max 0.050[1.30]to 0.160[4.00],incl290[2000]290[2000]340[2345]AStressrelieved at 800to 850°F [430to 455°C]for 1⁄2h and air cooled.Diameter,in.[mm]Bend Test Minimum Number ofBendsksi [MPa]min max Up to 0.009[0.23],incl...325[2240]355[2450]Over 0.009[0.23]to 0.010[0.25],incl ...320[2205]350[2415]Over 0.010[0.25]to 0.011[0.28],incl ...318[2190]348[2400]Over 0.011[0.28]to 0.012[0.30],incl ...316[2180]346[2385]Over 0.012[0.30]to 0.013[0.33],incl ...314[2165]344[2370]Over 0.013[0.33]to 0.014[0.36],incl ...312[2150]342[2360]Over 0.014[0.36]to 0.015[0.38],incl ...310[2135]340[2345]Over 0.015[0.38]to 0.016[0.41],incl ...308[2125]338[2330]Over 0.016[0.41]to 0.017[0.43],incl ...306[2110]336[2315]Over 0.017[0.43]to 0.018[0.46],incl ...304[2095]334[2300]Over 0.018[0.46]to 0.020[0.51],incl ...300[2070]330[2275]Over 0.020[0.51]to 0.022[0.56],incl ...296[2040]326[2250]Over 0.022[0.56]to 0.024[0.61],incl ...292[2015]322[2220]Over 0.024[0.61]to 0.026[0.66],incl 8291[2005]320[2205]Over 0.026[0.66]to 0.028[0.71],incl 8289[1995]318[2190]Over 0.028[0.71]to 0.031[0.79],incl 8285[1965]315[2170]Over 0.031[0.79]to 0.034[0.86],incl 8282[1945]310[2135]Over 0.034[0.86]to 0.037[0.94],incl 8280[1930]308[2125]Over 0.037[0.94]to 0.041[1.04],incl 8275[1895]304[2095]Over 0.041[1.04]to 0.045[1.14],incl 8272[1875]300[2070]Over 0.045[1.14]to 0.050[1.27],incl 8267[1840]295[2035]Over 0.050[1.27]to 0.054[1.37],incl 8265[1825]293[2020]Over 0.054[1.37]to 0.058[1.47],incl 7261[1800]289[1990]Over 0.058[1.47]to 0.063[1.60],incl 7258[1780]285[1965]Over 0.063[1.60]to 0.070[1.78],incl 7252[1735]281[1935]Over 0.070[1.78]to 0.075[1.90],incl 7250[1725]278[1915]Over 0.075[1.90]to 0.080[2.03],incl 7246[1695]275[1895]Over 0.080[2.03]to 0.087[2.21],incl 7242[1670]271[1870]Over 0.087[2.21]to 0.095[2.41],incl 7238[1640]268[1850]Over 0.095[2.41]to 0.105[2.67],incl 5232[1600]262[1805]Over 0.105[2.67]to 0.115[2.92],incl 5227[1565]257[1770]Over 0.115[2.92]to 0.125[3.17],incl 5222[1530]253[1745]Over 0.125[3.17]to 0.135[3.43],incl 3217[1495]248[1710]Over 0.135[3.43]to 0.148[3.76],incl 3210[1450]241[1660]Over 0.148[3.76]to 0.162[4.11],incl 3205[1415]235[1620]Over 0.162[4.11]to 0.177[4.50],incl 3198[1365]228[1570]Over 0.177[4.50]to 0.192[4.88],incl 1194[1335]225[1550]Over 0.192[4.88]to 0.207[5.26],incl 1188[1295]220[1515]Over 0.207[5.26]to 0.225[5.72],incl 1182[1255]214[1475]Over 0.225[5.72]to 0.250[6.35],incl 1175[1205]205[1415]Over 0.250[6.35]to 0.278[7.06],incl 1168[1160]198[1365]Over 0.278[7.06]to 0.306[7.77],incl 1161[1110]192[1325]Over 0.306[7.77]to 0.331[8.41],incl 1155[1070]186[1280]Over 0.331[8.41]to 0.362[9.19],incl 1150[1035]180[1240]Over 0.362[9.19]to 0.394[10.00],incl 1145[1000]175[1205]Over 0.394[10.00]to 0.438[11.12],incl 1140[965]170[1170]Over 0.438[11.12]to 0.500[12.70],incl 1135[930]165[1140]Over 0.500[12.70]130[895]160[1105]AWhen wire is speciﬁed in straightened and cut lengths,the minimum tensile strength shall be 90%of the values listed in the table.Diameter,in.[mm]Bend Test Minimum Number ofBendsksi[MPa]min maxUp to0.010[0.25],incl...245[1690]275[1895] Over0.010[0.25]to0.015[0.38],incl...240[1655]270[1860] Over0.015[0.38]to0.024[0.61],incl...235[1620]265[1825] Over0.024[0.61]to0.041[1.04],incl8235[1620]265[1825] Over0.041[1.04]to0.047[1.19],incl8230[1585]260[1790] Over0.047[1.19]to0.054[1.37],incl8225[1550]255[1760] Over0.054[1.37]to0.062[1.57],incl7220[1515]250[1725] Over0.062[1.57]to0.072[1.83],incl7215[1480]245[1690] Over0.072[1.82]to0.080[2.03],incl7210[1450]240[1655] Over0.080[2.03]to0.092[2.34],incl7205[1415]235[1620] Over0.092[2.34]to0.105[2.67],incl5200[1380]230[1585] Over0.105[2.67]to0.120[3.05],incl5195[1345]225[1550] Over0.120[3.05]to0.148[3.76],incl3185[1275]215[1480] Over0.148[3.76]to0.166[4.22],incl3180[1240]210[1450] Over0.166[4.22]to0.177[4.50],incl3170[1170]200[1380] Over0.177[4.50]to0.207[5.26],incl1160[1105]190[1310] Over0.207[5.26]to0.225[5.72],incl1155[1070]185[1275] Over0.225[5.72]to0.250[6.35],incl1150[1035]180[1240] Over0.250[6.35]to0.312[7.92],incl1140[965]170[1170] Over0.312[7.92]to0.375[9.53],incl1135[930]165[1140] Over0.375[9.53]to0.500[12.70],incl130[895]160[1105] Over0.500[12.70]125[860]155[1070] A When wire is speciﬁed in straightened and cut lengths,the minimum tensile strength shall be90%of the values listed in the table.TABLE7Tensile Strength Requirements for Grade XM-28ADiameter,in.[mm]ksi[MPa]min maxUp to0.009[0.23],incl325[2240]355[2450] Over0.009[0.23]to0.010[0.25],incl320[2205]350[2415] Over0.010[0.25]to0.011[0.28],incl318[2195]348[2400] Over0.011[0.28]to0.012[0.30],incl316[2180]346[2385] Over0.012[0.30]to0.013[0.33],incl314[2165]344[2370] Over0.013[0.33]to0.014[0.36],incl312[2150]342[2360] Over0.014[0.36]to0.015[0.38],incl310[2135]340[2345] Over0.015[0.38]to0.016[0.41],incl308[2125]338[2330] Over0.016[0.41]to0.017[0.43],incl306[2110]336[2315] Over0.017[0.43]to0.018[0.46],incl304[2095]334[2305] Over0.018[0.46]to0.020[0.51],incl300[2070]330[2275] Over0.020[0.51]to0.022[0.56],incl296[2040]326[2250] Over0.022[0.56]to0.024[0.61],incl292[2015]322[2220] Over0.024[0.61]to0.026[0.66],incl289[1995]319[2200] Over0.026[0.66]to0.028[0.71],incl286[1970]316[2180] Over0.028[0.71]to0.032[0.81],incl282[1945]312[2150] Over0.032[0.81]to0.037[0.94],incl277[1910]307[2120] Over0.037[0.94]to0.041[1.04],incl273[1880]303[2090] Over0.041[1.04]to0.047[1.19],incl270[1860]300[2070] Over0.047[1.19]to0.054[1.37],incl265[1825]295[2035] Over0.054[1.37]to0.087[2.21],incl260[1795]290[2000] Over0.087[2.21]to0.120[3.05],incl255[1760]285[1965] Over0.120[3.05]to0.166[4.22],incl250[1725]280[1930] Over0.166[4.22]to0.192[4.88],incl240[1655]270[1860] Over0.192[4.88]to0.225[5.72],incl230[1585]260[1795] Over0.225[5.72]to0.278[7.06],incl215[1480]245[1690] Over0.278[7.06]to0.331[8.41],incl200[1380]230[1585] Over0.331[8.41]to0.394[10.00],incl185[1275]215[1480] Over0.394[10.00]to0.500[12.70],incl160[1105]190[1310]A When wire is speciﬁed in straightened and cut lengths,the minimum tensile strength shall be85%of the values listed in the table.TABLE8Tensile Strength Requirement for Grade S20430 Diameter,in.[mm]ksi[MPa]min max Over0.080[2.03]to0.095[2.41],incl230[1585]260[1795]Over0.095[2.41]to0.105[2.67],incl215[1480]245[1690] TABLE9Arbor Diameter Size for Uniformity TestWire Diameter,in.[mm]Arbor Diameter,in.[mm] 0.034[0.85]and under0.102[2.60] Over0.034[0.85]to0.045[1.20],incl0.145[3.70] Over0.045[1.20]to0.055[1.40],incl0.212[5.40] Over0.055[1.40]to0.125[3.20],incl0.250[6.40] Over0.125[3.20]to0.180[4.60],incl0.350[9.00]SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSUnless otherwise speciﬁed in the purchase order,the following supplementary requirements shall apply when this speciﬁcation is used in government procurement of Type 631spring wire up to and including 0.162in.[4.11mm]in diameter.S1.Wrapping TestS.1.1A wire specimen shall be wrapped ﬁve complete turns around a mandrel equal to the diameter of the wire without any surface breaks or cracks occurring in the wire.One specimen shall be taken from every ten coils in the lot.S2.Surface ExaminationS2.1A wire specimen shall be etched electrolytically in a 75%phosphoric acid solution with a current density of 1A/in 2.for a sufficient time to remove up to 1%of the diameter.After etching the surface of the wire specimen it shall be examined under a 10power microscope for splits,seams,pits,die marks,scratches,or other imperfections tending to impair the fatigue resistance of springs.Appropriate higher magniﬁcation should be used for sizes below 0.125in.[3.17mm].Lubricating coatings,which are insoluble in acid etch solution,shall be removed beforeetching.Diameter of Wire,in.[mm]Clearance C 60.005,in.[mm]Over 0.026to 0.105[0.65to 2.70],incl Over 0.105to 0.162[2.70to 4.10],incl Over 0.162to 0.180[4.10to 4.60],incl0.688[17.50]0.813[20.50]0.938[24.00]FIG.1Schematic Arrangement of BendingMachineSUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee A01has identiﬁed the location of selected changes made to this standard since the last issue (A313/A313M-98)that may impact the use of this standard(approved May10,2003).(1)The composition of S30200was revised in Table1.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this ers of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights,and the riskof infringement of such rights,are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed everyﬁve years and if not revised,either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee,which you may attend.If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards,at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International,100Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA19428-2959, United States.Individual reprints(single or multiple copies)of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at610-832-9585(phone),610-832-9555(fax),or service@(e-mail);or through the ASTM website().。

ASTM A213M

ASTM A213M-1995a 锅炉、过热器和热交换器用铁素体和奥氏体合金钢无缝钢管1 牌号和化学成分钢的牌号和化学成分见表1，表2。

表1 铁素体钢的化学成分（%）1) T2和T12订货允许硫含量不大于0.045%。

2) 牌号T5c的钛含量应不小于4倍的碳含量并不大于0.7%。

3) 牌号18Cr 2Mo应含有Ti+Cb-0.2-4(C+N)～0.8%。

表21) 按照ASTM E 527和SAEJ 1086制定的新代号。

2) 对于小直径或薄壁的管，或者两者，对牌号TP 304L和TP316L，碳含量最大值为0.04%是必要的。

拉拔需要很多道次。

小外径管定义为外径小于12.7mm，而薄壁厚定义为平均壁厚小于1.1mm。

3) 氮的分析方法由供需双方协商确定。

4) 牌号TP321的钛含量应不小于5倍的碳含量，而又不大于0.6%。

5) 牌号TP321H的钛含量应小于4倍的碳含量，而又不大于0.6%。

6) 牌号TP347和TP348的（Nb+Ta）含量应不小于10倍的碳含量，而又不大于1.00%。

7) 牌号TP347H和TP348H的（Nb+Ta）含量应不小于8倍的碳含量，而又不大于1.0%。

8) 牌号TP347LN的（Nb+Ta）含量应不小于15倍的碳含量。

2 力学性能1) 钢管的拉伸性能见表3表32) 硬度要求如下：对牌号T5b和T9，硬度应小超过179HB或190HV(或89HRB)。

对牌号T91和T92，硬度应不超过250HB或265HV(或25HRC)。

对牌号18Cr-2Mo，硬度应不超过217HB或230IIV(或96HRB)。

对所有其他铁素体钢牌号，硬度应不超过163HB或170HV(或B5HRB)。

3) 奥氏体钢牌号对牌号TP201和TP202。

硬度应不超过219HB或230HV(或95HRB)。

对由S30815，S31272，S31050和S25700制成的管，硬度应不超过217HB(或95HRB)。

常用焊接钢管规格尺寸表

常用焊接钢管规格尺寸表焊接钢管是建筑行业中一种重要的钢管材料，具有良好的延展性、热处理性能良好，使用寿命长，性能稳定等优点，因而在建筑行业中得到了广泛的应用。

焊接钢管的规格尺寸不同，其性能也会有所不同，因此在购买时，我们要根据自身的需求，选择适合的产品，下面我们就给大家介绍一下常用的焊接钢管规格尺寸表：一、ASTM A531、外径：1/2”至4”（21.3mm114.3mm）2、壁厚：SCH.10S到SCH.80S（1.65mm-9.53mm）3、长度：磁测定（6m和12m）二、ASTM A1061、外径：1/2”至8”（21.3mm219.1mm）2、壁厚：SCH.10S到SCH.160（1.73mm-20.7mm）3、长度：磁测定（6m和12m）三、ASTM A1791、外径：1/2”至3 1/2”（21.3mm88.9mm）2、壁厚：SCH.10S到SCH.80S（1.65mm-9.53mm）3、长度：磁测定（6m和12m）四、ASTM A2131、外径：1/2”至8”（21.3mm219.1mm）2、壁厚：SCH.10S到SCH.160（1.73mm-20.7mm）3、长度：磁测定（6m和12m）五、ASTM A2691、外径：1/2”至4”（21.3mm114.3mm）2、壁厚：SCH.10S到SCH.160（1.73mm-16.13mm）3、长度：磁测定（6m和12m）以上就是常用焊接钢管规格尺寸表，大家在选择时一定要根据自身需求量身定制，以便获得更好的使用性能。

焊接钢管具有优越的机械性能，同时具有良好的耐腐蚀性和耐热性。

在一些特殊的工作环境中，焊接钢管的优点更加显著，比如在高温、腐蚀性等环境中，焊接钢管的使用寿命更长，同时还可以满足对密封性能、强度等方面的要求。

此外，焊接钢管也具有非常出色的焊接性能，具有较高的隔热性和韧性，可以更好地抵抗外部低温作用，因此，焊接钢管常被用于制造工业管道、食品及药品行业的管道系统等。

《冶金标准》锅炉、过热器和换热器用无缝铁素体和奥氏体合金钢管标准规范

ASTM A213/A213M-07锅炉、过热器和换热器用无缝铁素体和奥氏体合金钢管标准规范本标准以固定的标准号A213/A213M出版；紧随标准号之后的号码表示原来采用的年代号或最新修订标准的年代号（在标准修订版情况下）。

带括号的数字表示最新认可的年代号。

上标的希腊字母表示上次修订或上次重新认可以来的编辑变更。

本标准经过国防部代理机构批准使用。

1、范围1.1本标准适用于无缝铁素体和奥氏体锅炉钢管、过热器钢管和热交换器管，标准牌号T5、TP304等，这些钢列于表1、表2 中。

1.2含字母H级别的钢与同类别不含字母H的钢要求不同，含字母H级别的钢提供更高的蠕变—断裂强度。

1.3通常按本标准提供的管子尺寸和壁厚为：内径1/8in（3.2mm）到外径5in（127mm）；壁厚0.015～0.500in(0.4～12.7mm)，包括最小壁厚或在定单上规定的平均壁厚。

也可提供其它尺寸的管子，但要保证这些管子符合本标准的所有其它要求。

1.4 以英寸—磅或国际制（SI）单位表示的数值都应视为标准值。

本文中SI单位表示的数列于括号之内。

由于两种单位制的数值并不完全相等，因此必须单独分别采用每一种单位制。

因两种单位制的混合使用，可能导致与本标准不一致。

如果不是在定货中规定使用本标准中的“M”标志，则应采用英寸—磅单位制。

2、引用标准2.1 ASTM标准A262 奥氏体不锈钢晶间腐蚀敏感性检测规程A941 与钢、不锈钢、合金及铁合金有关的术语A1016/A1016M 铁素体合金钢、奥氏体合金钢及不锈钢管的一般要求E112平均晶粒度测定方法3、术语3.1 定义标准中所使用的术语的定义见A941。

4、订货需知4.1关于本标准产品的所有要求应由用户负责，这些要求包括以下内容（但不受以下内容的限制）：4.1.1 数量(英尺、米或根数)。

4.1.2材料名称（无缝管）4.1.3级别或牌号（表1和表2 ）4.1.4 加工状况（热精整或冷精整）4.1.5控制的金相组织特征（见6.3条）4.1.6 尺寸（外径和最小壁厚、规定的平均壁厚）4.1.7长度（定尺或不定尺）4.1.8 水压试验或非破坏性电测试验（见10.1条）4.1.9 标准号和出版年代。

ASTM A213 锅炉过热器和换热器用无缝铁素体和奥氏体合金钢管

SA-213/SA-213M 锅炉、过热器和换热器用无缝铁素体和奥氏体合金钢管1 适用范围1.3 通常按本标准提供的管子尺寸和厚度为，内径3.2mm～外径127mm，并最小壁厚从0.4mm～12.7mm。

3 一般要求按本标准提供的材料，还应符合现行版本的A450/A450M标准的要求。

A450/A450M 《碳钢，铁素体合金钢和奥氏体合金钢管子通用要求》5 制造5.2 晶粒度5.2.1 304H、316H、321、347H、348H和310HCbN级钢按E112试验方法测的的晶粒度应是7号或更细。

5.2.2 冷加工的TP321H级钢的晶粒度按E112试验方法测的的晶粒度应是7号或更粗。

5.2.3 TP309H、TP309HCb、TP310HCb按E112试验方法测的的晶粒度应是6号或更粗。

5.2.4冷加工的TP347HFG级钢的晶粒度按E112试验方法测的的晶粒度应是7号～10号。

8 成品分析8.2 T91级钢的碳含量的成品分析值可与规定的范围值偏差在－0.01％～＋0.02％以内，T91碳0.08～0.12。

10 硬度要求10.1 铁素体级别：10.1.1 T5b、T7和T9级钢的硬度应不超过179HB/190HV/89HRB。

T91和T92级钢的硬度应不超过250HB/265HV/25HRC。

10.1.2 18Cr-2Mo级钢的硬度应不超过217HB/230HV/96HRB。

10.1.3 所有其它的铁素体级别的硬度应不超过163HB/170HV/85HRB。

10.2 奥氏体级别：10.2.1 TP201和TP202级钢的硬度应不超过219HB230HV/95HRB。

10.2.2 S30815、S31272、S31050和S25700的硬度应不超过217HB/95HRB。

10.2.3 TP310HCbN的硬度应不超过256HB/100HRB。

10.2.4 XM-19（UNS S20910）级钢的硬度应不超过250HB/265HV/25HRC。

ASTM标准

标准: ASTM A213(ASME SA213)用于锅炉水冷壁、省煤器、过热器和蒸汽管道的制造For manufacturing wall panel,economizer,superheater and steam pipeline of boilers外径O.D.: 6.0～76.0 壁厚W.T.: 1～10 长度L: max 12000适用于高压用最小壁厚的无缝碳素钢锅炉及过热器管子For seamless carbon steel bolier and superheater tubes for high-pressure service外径O.D.：6.0～114.0 壁厚W.T.:1～15 长度L：max 12000用于石油,天然气行业中的气体,水和油输送It is used for conveying gas,water,and petroleum of both the oil and natural gas industries.外径O.D.:6.0-323.0 壁厚W.T.:1-30 长度L:max 12000外径O.D.:6.0-323.0 壁厚W.T.：1-30 长度L: max 12000a for relationship between spicified outside diameter(D),thread size(R) and nominal diameter(DN),see AnnexA T=specified wall thickness.标准: DIN17175/EN10216-2耐热钢无缝钢管/Heat-resisting seamless steel tube Application: 适用与锅炉行业用管/It is used for the pipelines of boiler industry.Size(mm): 外径0.D.: 6.0～219.0 壁厚W.T:1～30 长度L:max 12000汽车用管/for Atuo usd;机械用途/for machinery use;油缸管/Oil cylindertube;摩托车减震器钢管/Motorcycle shock reducer steel tubes;汽车减震器内缸筒/Auto shock reducer inner cylinder外径O.D.:6.0-224.0 壁厚W.T.:1-15 长度L：max 12000钢号及化学成分Grade and Chemical Composition(%):Copyright©2008-2010 Ningbo New-Era Steel Tube Co.,Ltd不锈钢管/Stainless Steel PipeSize(mm): 外径O.D.: 6.0-224.0 壁厚W.T.: 1-15 长度L: max 12000Copyright©2008-2010 Ningbo New-Era Steel Tube Co.,Ltd。

astm a213标准中文版壁厚公差

ASTM A213标准中文版壁厚公差是指在钢管生产中，壁厚的公差范围。

本文将从浅入深地探讨这一主题，帮助您全面、深刻地理解ASTMA213标准中文版壁厚公差的相关内容。

一、ASTM A213标准ASTM A213标准是美国材料和试验协会制定的钢管标准，适用于供热、换热和其他高温、高压应用的不锈钢和合金钢管。

该标准涵盖了多种材料和规格，包括钛、镍、镍合金、铝合金等。

在钢管生产和使用过程中，壁厚是其中一个重要的参数，而ASTM A213标准中文版壁厚公差则规定了壁厚的允许范围。

二、壁厚公差的重要性壁厚是钢管的重要尺寸之一，直接影响着钢管的承载能力、耐压能力和使用寿命。

正因如此，壁厚公差的控制对于确保钢管质量和安全使用至关重要。

ASTM A213标准中文版壁厚公差旨在规范钢管的生产，保证其壁厚在合理的范围内，从而满足不同工程和设备的需求。

三、ASTM A213标准中文版壁厚公差的具体要求根据ASTM A213标准中文版，钢管的壁厚公差应符合标准规定的要求，一般以正负公差表示。

钢管的壁厚公差受到生产工艺、材料特性、加工设备等多方面因素的影响，因此在ASTM A213标准中会对不同材料和规格的钢管壁厚公差进行详细的规定和说明，确保其在使用过程中能够达到设计要求。

四、个人观点和理解作为钢管生产领域的专家，我认为ASTM A213标准中文版壁厚公差的制定对于推动钢管行业的发展和规范化生产具有重要意义。

合理的壁厚公差可以有效避免因壁厚偏差过大而引起的质量问题，提高钢管的使用性能和安全性。

在国际贸易和工程项目中，ASTM A213标准中文版壁厚公差的采用也有利于促进国际间钢管产品的交流和合作。

总结回顾通过本文的阐述，您对ASTM A213标准中文版壁厚公差这一主题应该有了全面和深入的了解。

我们从ASTM A213标准的概述开始，介绍了壁厚公差的重要性，并详细说明了ASTM A213标准中文版壁厚公差的具体要求。

我也共享了我个人的观点和理解，希望能够为您对这一主题的深入理解提供一些启发。

不锈钢管美标标准

不锈钢管美标标准摘要：一、不锈钢管的美标ASTM A213 标准二、不锈钢管的美标ASTM A269 标准三、ASTM A312 不锈钢管标准四、美标不锈钢管的规格尺寸五、如何选购美标不锈钢管正文：一、不锈钢管的美标ASTM A213 标准美标ASTM A213 标准是关于不锈钢管和镍基合金管的标准，其中包含了无缝管和焊管的规范。

在我国，对应的标准分别是GB 13296-2007（锅炉、热交换器用不锈钢无缝钢管）和化工部标准（具体标准号忘了，反正就是锅炉热交换器用的管子，强制性要求做探伤试验的）。

美标213 标准中，无缝管和焊管都收录在内，而我国的标准则是将无缝管和焊管分开列出。

二、不锈钢管的美标ASTM A269 标准美标ASTM A269 标准是关于不锈钢管和镍基合金管的标准，主要规定了无缝和焊接的以及重度冷加工奥氏体不锈钢公称管的标准技术条件。

在我国，对应的标准是GB/T13296-2013。

温州巨鑫是一家生产不锈钢管的企业，其生产的不锈钢管符合ASTM A269 标准。

三、ASTM A312 不锈钢管标准ASTM A312 是不锈钢管的标准，规定了无缝和焊接的以及重度冷加工奥氏体不锈钢公称管的标准技术条件。

该标准在我国也有相应的对应标准。

不锈钢管具有抗酸碱、耐腐蚀、韧性好、可重复利用等特点，广泛应用于腐蚀性流体输送管道、换热器及反应设备内部管道等领域。

四、美标不锈钢管的规格尺寸美标不锈钢管的规格尺寸包括外径、壁厚、长度等参数。

其中，外径范围为1/8 英寸至820 英寸（约32mm 至2083mm），壁厚范围为0.015 英寸至65mm，长度范围为12 英尺至13 米。

美标不锈钢管的规格尺寸通常采用ASTM A53、GR.标准。

不锈钢管料规格标准

不锈钢管料规格标准
不锈钢管料的规格标准一般按照国际标准和国内标准进行分类。

国际标准：
1. ASTM标准：美国材料与试验协会制定的不锈钢管料规格标准，如ASTM A312、ASTM A213等。

2. EN标准：欧洲标准化组织制定的不锈钢管料规格标准，如EN 10216、EN 10217等。

3. JIS标准：日本工业标准制定的不锈钢管料规格标准，如
JIS G3459、JIS G3468等。

国内标准：
1. GB标准：中国国家标准制定的不锈钢管料规格标准，如
GB/T 14975、GB/T 14976等。

2. YB标准：中国冶金标准制定的不锈钢管料规格标准，如
YB/T 5363、YB/T 5364等。

3. CJ标准：中国石油标准制定的不锈钢管料规格标准，如
CJ/T 151、CJ/T 152等。

以上是一些常见的不锈钢管料规格标准，不同国家和行业可能有所差异，具体选择应根据具体需求和使用场合进行确定。

仪表气源管标准

仪表气源管标准
仪表气源管是一种用于连接仪器仪表和气源的管道。

根据国际标准，仪表气源管应符合以下标准：
1. 材料标准：仪表气源管的主要材料应采用不锈钢或铜材质。

不锈钢应符合ASTM A213/A269标准，铜应符合ASTM B88标准。

2. 尺寸标准：仪表气源管的尺寸应符合国际标准。

常见的管径有1/4英寸、3/8英寸、1/2英寸等，管壁厚度应符合要求。

3. 连接方式标准：仪表气源管的连接方式应采用标准接头，如压接连接、螺纹连接等。

接头的尺寸和螺纹标准应符合国际标准。

4. 耐压标准：仪表气源管应具备足够的耐压能力，以保证系统的安全运行。

一般要求管道能够承受一定的压力，如1.5倍工作压力。

5. 表面处理标准：仪表气源管的表面应进行适当的处理，以提高抗腐蚀性能。

常见的表面处理方式有抛光、喷砂、电镀等。

6. 清洁度标准：仪表气源管在出厂前应进行清洗和除油处理，以确保内部无杂质和油污。

以上是仪表气源管的一般标准要求，具体的标准还需要根据不同的应用场景和要求进行确定。

4032材料标准

4032材料标准
4032材料标准为ASTM A313/A313M-05，主要规定了高温用无缝铁素体奥氏体合金锅炉和热交换器管道制品的标准规范。

该标准规定了4032材料的高温性能要求，包括室温下的拉伸性能、持久强度、蠕变极限等。

此外，4032材料标准还规定了材料的化学成分、金相组织和其它机械性能要求。

在化学成分方面，规定了C、Si、Mn、P、S等元素的含量要求；在金相组织方面，规定了铁素体和奥氏体的相对数量和分布。

需要注意的是，不同国家和不同行业可能会有不同的标准，因此具体的标准可能会有所不同。

在应用中，应按照具体的要求选择合适的材料和标准。

1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。

机械性能
标准
牌号抗拉强度(MPa) 屈服强度(MPa) 伸长率( % ) 冲击功(J)
硬度 GB3087
10 335～475 ≥195 ≥24 / / 20 410～550 ≥245 ≥20 / / GB5310
20G 410～550 ≥245 ≥24 ≥35 / 20MnG
≥415 ≥240 ≥22 ≥35 / 15MoG 450～600 ≥270 ≥22 ≥35 / 15CrMoG 440～640 ≥235 ≥21 ≥35 / 12Cr2MoG 450～600 ≥280 ≥20 ≥35 / 12Cr1MoVG
470～640 ≥255 ≥21 ≥35 / ASTM A106 A106B ≥415 ≥240 查表 / / A106C ≥485 ≥275 / / ASTM A192 A192 ≥325 ≥180 ≥35 / ≤77HRB ASTM A210 A210A 1 ≥415 ≥255 查表 / ≤79HRB A210C ≥485 ≥275 / ≤179HRB ASTM A213
A213T12
≥415
≥205
≥30
/
≤85HRB
底中高压锅炉用无缝钢管
标准
GB3087 ----中国国家标准 GB5310 ----中国国家标准
ASTM A106 ----美国材料与试验协会标准 ASTM A192 ----美国材料与试验协会标准 ASTM A210 ----美国材料与试验协会标准 ASTM A213 ----美国材料与试验协会标准 DIN17175 ----德国工业标准
用途
用于低中压锅炉（工作压力一般不大于5.88MPa ，工作温度在450℃以下）的受热面管子、集箱及蒸汽管道，用于高压锅炉（工作压力一般在9.8MPa 以上，工作温度在450℃～650℃之间）的受热面管子、集箱、省煤器、过热器、再热器等
主要生产牌号
10、20、20G 、20MnG 、15MoG 、15CrMo 、12Cr2MoG 、12Cr1MoV 、A106B 、A106C 、A192、A210A1、A210C 、A213T12、A213T22、St45.8/Ⅲ、15Mo3、13CrMo44、10CrMo910等。

经协商，也可供应其它牌号的钢管
化学成份。