英国文学史及选读-表格
英国文学史及作品选读
英国文学史及作品选读
以下是英国文学史的主要时期和一些著名的作品选读：
中世纪文学（5世纪-1485年）
《贝奥武夫》：一部史诗，讲述亚瑟王时代的英雄故事。
《坎特伯雷故事集》：乔叟的作品，包含一组个性鲜明的故事，反映了中世纪社会的不同面貌。
文艺复兴时期（1485年-1660年）
《亨利五世》：莎士比亚的历史剧，描绘了亨利五世在百年战争中的英勇事迹。
《哈姆雷特》：莎士比亚的悲剧，探讨了复仇、疯狂和人性的复杂主题。
17世纪文学
《失乐园》：约翰·弥尔顿的史诗，描写了亚当和夏娃失去乐园的故事，探讨了人类的起源和自由意志的主题。
18世纪文学
《格列佛游记》：乔纳森·斯威夫特的作品，通过幽默和讽刺描绘了一个虚构的旅行故事，暗示了当时社会和政治的弊病。
浪漫主义时期（1798年-1837年）
《弃婴》：威廉·华兹华斯的诗集，以自然、个人感受和内心体验为主题，表达了对自然和人类情感的追求。
《雾都孤儿》：查尔斯·狄更斯的小说，描绘了贫困和社会不公的问题，以及主人公的成长和奋斗。
维多利亚时期（1837年-1901年）
《简·爱》：夏洛蒂·勃朗特的小说，讲述了一个普通女子经历的情感和成长故事。
《傲慢与偏见》：简·奥斯汀的小说，以幽默和机智揭示了当时社会的阶级和婚姻观念。
(完整word版)英国文学史及选读作者及作品
英国文学史及选读作者及作品一、盎格鲁-撒克逊时期The Anglo-Saxon Period※《贝奥武甫》“The Song of Beowulf”《浪游者》“Widsith”or “The Traveller’s Song”《航海家》“Seafarer”二、盎格鲁-诺曼时期The Anglo-Norman Period※《高文爵士和绿衣骑士》“Sir Gawain and the Green Knight ”杰弗里《史记》Geoffrey’s “History”莱亚门《布鲁特》Laysmon’s “Brust”《罗兰之歌》“Chanson de Roland”三、乔叟时期Geoffrey Chaucer (1340?-1400)※《坎特伯雷故事集》“The Canterbury Tales”《玫瑰传奇》“Romance of the Rose”《好女人的故事》“The Legend of Good Women”《声誉殿堂》“The House of Fame”《百鸟会议》“The Parliament of Fowls”《特罗伊勒斯和克莱西德》“Troilus and Gressie”大众民谣Popular Ballads※《罗宾汉和阿林代尔》“Robin Hood and Allin-a-Dale””※《起来，去关门》“Get Up and Bar the Door”※《派屈克·斯宾塞爵士》“Sir Patrick Spens”托马斯·帕西《英诗辑古》Bishop Thomas Percy ”Reliques of Anciet English Poetry”兰格论《农夫皮尔期》“The Vision of Piers, the Plowman”四、文艺复兴时期The Renaissance1．威廉·莎士比亚William Shakespeare(1564-1616)1590《亨利六世》第二部The Second Part of “King Henry Ⅵ”《亨利六世》第三部The Third Part of “King Henry Ⅵ”1591《亨利六世》第一部The First Part of “King Henry Ⅵ”1592《理查三世》“The Life and Death of King Richard Ⅲ”《错误的喜剧》“The Comedy of Errors”1593《泰特斯·安德鲁尼克斯》”Titus Andronicus”《驯悍记》“The Taming of the Shrew”1594《维洛那两绅士》“The Two Gentlemen of Verona”《爱的徒劳》“Love’s Labour’s Lost”《罗密欧与朱丽叶》“Romeo and Juliet”1595《理查二世》“The Life and Death of King Richard Ⅱ”《仲夏夜之梦》“A Midsummer Night’s Dream”1596《约翰王》“The Life and Death of King John”※《威尼斯商人》“The Merchant of Venice”1597《亨利四世》第一部The First Part of “King Henry Ⅳ”《亨利四世》第二部The Second Part of “King Henry Ⅳ”1598《无事生非》“Much Ado About Nothing”《温莎的风流娘儿们》”The Merry Wives of Windsor”《亨利五世》”The Life of King Henry Ⅴ”1599《尤利乌斯·凯撒》“The Life and Death of Julius Caesar”《皆大欢喜》”As You Like It”1600《第十二夜》“Twelfth Night ,or, What You Will”※1601《哈姆雷特》“Hamlet, Prince of Denmark”1602《特洛伊洛斯与克瑞西达》“Troilus and Cressida”《终成眷属》“All’s Well That Ends Well”1604《一报还一报》“Measure for Measure”《奥塞罗》“Othello, the Moore of Venice”1605《李尔王》”King Lear”《麦克白》“The Tragedy of Macbeth”1606《安东尼和克莉奥佩特拉》“Antony and Cleopatra”1607《科里奥拉鲁斯》”The Tragedy of Coriolanus”《雅典的泰门》“Timon of Athens”1608《佩里克利斯》“Pericles, Prince of Tyre”1609《辛白林》“Cymbeline, King of Britain”1610《冬天的故事》“The Winter’s Tale”《暴风雨》“The Tempest”《亨利八世》“The Life of King Henry Ⅷ”Poems《维纳斯与阿多尼斯》“Venus and Adonis”《露克丽丝受辱记》“Lucrece”※《十四行诗》“Sonnets”2。
英国文学史及选读第二册
4. Features of Victorian novels In this period，the novel became the most widely read & the most vital & challenging expression of progressive thought. While sticking to the principle of faithful representation of the 18th-century realist novel, novelists in this period carried their duty forward to the criticism of the society & the defense of the mass. Although writing from different points of view & with different techniques, they shared one thing in common, that is, they were all concerned about the fate of the common people. They were angry at the inhuman social institutions, the decaying social morality as represented by the moneyworship & Utilitarianism & the widespread misery, poverty & injustice. Their truthful depiction of people’s life & bitter & strong criticism of the society had done much in awakening the public consciousness to the social problems & in the actual improvement of the society. Victorian literature, in general, truthfully represents the reality & spirit of the age. The high-spirited vitality, the down-to-earth earnestness, the good-natured humor & unbounded imagination are all unprecedented. In almost every genre it paved the way for the coming century, where its spirits, values & experiments are to witness their bumper harvest.
英国文学史选读复习资料
英国文学简史复习资料General introduction of English literature1. 1) Old English Literature (449-1066) 古英语时期文学——The Song of Beowulf 《贝奥武甫》2) Medieval English Literature (1066-15th century) 中世纪英语时期文学——Geoffrey Chaucer (1340_1400) 杰弗里·乔叟2. Renaissance English literature (late 15th century ~ early 17th century) 文艺复兴——Francis Bacon 弗朗西斯·培根——William Shakespeare 威廉·莎士比亚——Ben Jonson 本·琼生——Christopher Marlowe 克里斯托弗·马洛3. English Literature of the Revolution and Restoration Period (1640-1688) 资产阶级革命与王朝复辟时期的文学——John Milton约翰·弥尔顿——John Bunyan 约翰·班扬4. 18th century English literature-the age of Enlightenment 启蒙运动时期——Daniel Defoe丹尼尔·笛福——Jonathan Swift乔纳森·斯威夫特——Henry Fielding亨利·菲尔丁——William Blake威廉·布莱克——Robert Burns罗伯特·彭斯5. Romantic English Literature (1798-1832) 浪漫主义时期——William Wordsworth, 威廉·华兹华斯——Samuel Taylor Coleridge, 塞缪·泰勒·柯勒律治——George Gordon Byron, 乔治·戈登·拜伦——Percy Bysshe Shelley 佩西·比舍·雪莱——John Keats, 约翰·济慈——Walter Scott 沃尔特·司各特——Jane Austen简·奥斯汀6. Critical Realistic Literature in the 19th Century 维多利亚时期（批判现实主义）——W.M. Thackeray, 萨克雷——C harles Dickens, 查尔斯·狄更斯——Robert Browning 罗伯特·布朗宁——Bronte sisters：Charlotte Bronte, Emily Bronte, Ann Bronte——George Eliot乔治·艾略特——Matthew Arnold 马修·阿诺德——Thomas Hardy 托马斯·哈代——Oscar Wilde 奥斯卡·王尔德7. 20th Century English Literature——George Bernard Shaw乔治·萧伯纳——Joseph Conrad 约瑟夫·康拉德——William Butler Yeats 威廉·巴特勒·叶芝——Virginia Woolf弗吉尼亚·沃尔夫——James Joyce詹姆斯·乔伊斯——D. H. Lawrence劳伦斯——T. S. Eliot 爱略特一、The Anglo-Saxon period (449-1066)1、这个时期的文学作品分类：pagan(异教徒) ，Christian(基督徒)2、代表作：The Song of Beowulf《贝奥武甫》( national epic 民族史诗) 采用了隐喻metaphor手法3、Alliteration 头韵（写作手法）例子：of m an was the m ildest and m ost beloved,To his k in the k indest, k eenest for praise.二、The Anglo-Norman period (1066-1350) 盎格鲁—诺曼时期1、romance 传奇文学2、代表作：Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (高文爵士和绿衣骑士) 是一首押头韵的长诗三、Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400) 杰弗里·乔叟时期1、the father of English poetry 英国诗歌之父2、heroic couplet 英雄双韵体：a verse unit consisting of two rhymed(押韵) lines in iambic pentameter(五步抑扬格)3、代表作：The Canterbury Tales 《坎特伯雷的故事集》(英国文学史的开端)大致内容：the pilgrims are people from various parts of England, representatives of various walks of life and social groups. 朝圣者都是来自英国的各地的人,代表着社会的各个不同阶层和社会团体小说特点：each of the narrators tells his tale in a peculiar manner, thus revealing his own views and character. 这些叙述者以自己特色的方式讲述自己的故事，无形中表明了各自的观点，展示了各自的性格。
英国文学史及选读之文学史作品及作者
作家及作品1.the first epic in the English history：the song of Beowulf2.Romance(传奇)：Arthur and his Knights of the Round TableKing Arthur and his Knights of the Round TableSir Gawain and the Green Knight3. Popular Ballads(民谣)：The Robin Hood Ballad4. Geoffrey Chaucer(杰弗里·乔索)：The Romaunt of the Rose玫瑰传奇The Book of the Duchess悼公爵夫人Troilus and Criseyde特罗伊拉斯和克莱西德The Canterbury Tales坎特伯雷故事集5.Thomas More(托马斯•莫尔)：Utopia乌托邦book onebook two6.William Shakespeare（威廉.莎士比亚）：the great comedies：A Midsummer Night’s Dream仲夏夜之梦The Merchant of Venice威尼斯商人As You Like It皆大欢喜Twelfth Night第十二夜The great tragedies：Hamlet哈姆雷特Othello奥塞罗King Lear 李尔王Macbeth 麦克白Henry VI, Part II, III, I 亨利六世上、中、下Richard III 里查德三世The Comedy of Errors 错误的喜剧错中错Titus Andronicus 克斯泰特斯·安庄尼The Taming of the Shrew 驯悍妇The Two Gentlemen of Verona 维洛那二绅士Love’s Labor’s Lost 爱的徒劳空爱一场Romeo and Juliet 罗密欧与朱丽叶Richard II 里查德二世King John 约翰王Much Ado about Nothing无事生非Henry IV, Part I; Henry IV, Part II 亨利四世Henry V 亨利五世The Merry Wives of Windsor 温莎的风流女人Julius Caesar《凯撒大帝》As You Like It《如愿》《皆大欢喜》Twelfth Night 《第十二夜》Troilus and Cressida 《特洛埃勒斯与克莱西达》All’s Well That Ends Well 《终成眷属》Measure for Measure 《恶有恶报》《一报还一报》Antony and Cleopatra 《安东尼与克莉奥佩特拉》Coriolanus 《科利奥兰纳斯》Timon of Athens 《雅典的泰蒙Pericles《波里克利斯》Cymbeline《辛柏林》The Winter’s Tales《冬天的故事》The Tempest《暴风雨》Henry VIII《亨利八世》7.Francis Bacon：the first English essayistOf truth 论真理Of studies 论学习Love, truth ,friendship ,parents ,children ,beauty ,studies ,riches ,youth ,age ,garden ,death and others 8.John Donne：the founder of the Metaphysical school of poetryFlea 跳骚Others：George HerbertAndrew MarvellHenry Vaughan9.John Milton：Paradise Lost 失乐园Paradise Regained 复乐园Samson AgonistesLycidas10.John Bunyan(约翰·班扬)：Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinner罪人受恩记功德无量Pilgrim’s Progress 天路历程The Life and Death of Mr. Badman 恶人先生的生平和死亡贝德曼先生的一生The Holy War 神圣战争11.Daniel Defoe：father of English novelRobinson CrusoeThe shortest way with the dissentersCaptain SingletonColonel JacqueMoll Flanders12.Jonathan Swift： A Tale of a Tub 一个木桶的故事乔纳森·斯威夫特Battle of Books 书的战争书战Predictions for the Year 1708 对1708的预言Vindication of Isaac Bickerstaff 比克斯塔夫先生第一个预言的应验Gulliver’s Travels格林佛游记The Drapier’s Letters 一个麻布商的书信A Modest Proposal 一个小小的建议13.Joseph Addison：writer and a great stylist.约瑟夫·艾迪生 A Letter from Italy 意大利来鸿“The Campaign”“出征”, best-known poem in heroic coupletRosamond 罗沙蒙The Spectator 旁观者, a daily paperCato 卡托 a tragedyAddison and Steele : epistolary novel(书信体小说)14. Henry Fielding ：Joseph Andrews约瑟夫˙安德鲁斯的经历comic epic poem in prose散文体滑稽史诗亨利·菲尔丁Jonathan Wild the Great 大伟人乔纳森˙魏尔德Tom Jones 汤姆˙琼斯Amelia 阿米丽亚Plays ：The Welsh Opera 威尔斯歌剧Don Quixote in England 唐·吉诃德在英国Pasqin 巴斯昆The Historical Register for the Year 1736 一七三六年历史记事15. Alexander Pope: classical poet in the period of English Enlightenment亚历山大·薄伯Pastorals 田园组诗Essay on Criticism 论批评a didactic poem in heroic coupletsThe Rape of the Lock 夺发记masterpieceTranslations, in heroic couplet：The Iliad of Homer《荷马的伊里亚特》The Odyssey of Homer 《河马的奥德赛》The Works of Shakespeare 《莎士比亚全集》The Dunciad “愚人志” a satirical poem.Moral Essays “道德论” a philosophic poem.An Essay on Men “人论” a philosophic poem16. Samuel Johnson：London《伦敦》塞缪尔·约翰逊The Vanity of Human Wishes 人类欲望之虚幻Life of Richard Savage 理查德·沙维之传Rasselas 阿比西尼王子·拉赛拉斯Two periodicals: The Rambler 《漫游者》The Idler《闲散者》The two most important literary works：The Preface of Shakespeare《莎士比亚戏剧集序言》Lives of Poets 《诗人传》A Dictionary of English Language 《英语辞典》17.James Boswell：Life of Johnson a classic of English biography18.Thomas Grey：model of sentimentalistElegy Written in a Country Churchyard 墓园挽歌Others：Thomas Parnell ：Night-Piece on Death 夜吟死亡Robert Blair : The Grave 坟墓Edward Yong ：Night Thoughts 夜思19. Oliver Goldsmith：Periodical: The Bee哥尔德·斯密斯Poems: The Traveler 旅游人The Deserted Village 荒村Novel: The Vicar of Wakefield 威克菲尔德的牧师Comedies: The Good-Natured Man 好心人She Stoops to Conquer 屈身求爱Collection of essays: The Citizen of the World 世界公民20. William Blake : Songs of Innocence 天真之歌威廉·布莱克Songs of Experience 经验之歌The Marriage of Heaven and Hell 天堂与地狱的婚姻The Tiger21. Robert Burn s: A Red, Red, RedAuld Lang Syne 往昔的时光To a Mouse22. Richard Brinsley Sheridan：The Rivals 情敌The School for Scandal 造谣学校23. William Wordsworth：The Rime of the Ancient Mariner “古舟子咏”; “老水手之行”华兹华斯The Prelude 序曲Lyrical BalladsLines Written in Early SpringTo the CucooI Wandered Lonely as a CloudMy Heart Leaps UpIntimations of ImmortalityLines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey 丁登寺The solitary reaperComposed Upon Westminster Bridge24.Samuel Taylor Coleridge：The Rime of the Ancient Mariner 古舟子咏; 老水手之行Kubla Khan 《忽必烈汗》Christabel 《克里斯特贝尔》Biographia Literaria 《文学传记》 a literary criticismChristabel25. Robert Southey：Joan of Arc 1793 《圣女贞德》Wat Tyler 1794《瓦特·泰勒》The Inchcape Rock《因尺角之石》The Battle of Blenheim 《布莱尼姆之战》My Days among the Dead are Passed《我与死者作伴的日子已结束》Life of Nelson《纳尔逊传》Thalaba the Destroyer 《撒拉巴》1801Madoc 《麦道克》1805The Curse of Kehama 《克哈马的诅咒》1810Roderick, the Last of the Goths 《罗德里最后的高斯人》1814 26.George Gordon Byron：She Walks in BeautyWhen We Two PartedDon JuanThe Vision of JudgmentChild Harold’ Pilgrimage27.Percy Bysshe Shelley: Ode to the West Wind 西风颂Queen MabThe Revolt of IslamPrometheus Unbound 解放了的普罗旺斯The Masque of Anarchy 暴政的假面舞会A Defence of PoetryOzymandias奥西曼提斯T a Skylark 致云雀Adonais 阿多尼斯28.John Keats：Long poems: Endymion 恩底弥翁his first long poemIsabella 伊莎贝拉The Eve of St. Agnes 圣·爱格尼斯节前夕Lamia 莱米亚Hyperion 赫坡里昂Short poems : On a Grecian Urn 希腊古瓮颂Ode to Autumn 秋颂Ode on Melancholy 忧郁颂Ode to a Nightingale 夜莺颂the best knownOde on Indolence 懒惰颂Ode on a Grecian UrnOn the Grasshopper and the Cricket 蛐蛐与蟋蟀Bright Star 闪亮的星星When I have Fear 当我害怕的时候29．Walter Scott: The Lay of the Last Minstrel 最末一个行吟诗人Minstrelsy of the Scottish Border 苏格兰边区歌谣集Marmion 玛密恩The Lady of the Lake 湖上夫人Scott’s Historical Novels: Waverley 威弗利first historical novel.Guy Mannering 盖曼纳合not very goodOld Morality 清教徒Rob Roy 罗布·罗伊the best of the groupThe Heart of Midlothian 弥德洛西恩的心English History: Ivanhoe 艾凡赫Norman Conquest the best of the groupKenilworth 肯纳尔沃思堡during the Tudor dynastyThe Fortunes of Nigel 尼格尔的家产Stuart ruleWoodstock 皇家猎宫The English RevolutionPeveril of the Peak 贝弗利尔·皮克the Restoration European Countries: Quentin Durward 昆丁·达沃德best-known novel on Frenchhistory.Talisman 惊军英雄记Count Robert of Paris 巴黎的罗伯特伯爵St. Ronan’s Wells 圣·罗南之泉the only one, dealingwith his contemporary life (当代生活小说).30. Jane Austen: Pride and Prejudice 傲慢与偏见Northanger AbbeyMansfield ParkEmmaPersuasionSense and Sensibility31. Charles Dicken s: Sketches by Boz 特写集the first bookThe Pickwick Papers 匹克威克外传Oliver Twist 奥克佛·特维斯特雾都孤儿Nichols Nickleby 尼古拉斯·尼克尔贝The Old Curiosity Shop 老古玩店Barnaby Rudge 巴纳比·拉奇The first novel of social historyAmerican Notes 美国札记Martin Chuzzlewit 马丁·朱述尔维特The Chimes 教堂钟声A Christmas Carol 圣诞颂歌以圣诞为题材具有浓郁宗教色彩The Cricket on the Hearth 灶上蟋蟀Dombey and Son 董贝父子David Copperfield 大卫·科波菲尔his best bookBleak House 荒凉山庄Hard Times 艰难时世Little Dorrit 小杜丽A Tale of Two Cities 双城记Great Expectations 远大前程Our Mutual Friend 我们的共同朋友the worse book;Edwin Drood (unfinished) 艾德温·德鲁德之迷32. William Makepeace Thackeray: Vanity Fai 名利场rThe Newcomes 纽克姆一家The History of Pendennis 彭登尼斯The Book of Snobs 势力人集The History of Henry Esmond 亨利·埃斯蒙德的历史The Virginians 弗吉尼亚人33. George Eliot：Novels: Adam Bede 亚当·比德The Mill on the Floss 弗洛斯河上的磨房Silas Marner 织工马南Middlemarch 米德尔马契Description of rural life; moral problems; psychological studies of charactersFelix Holt the Radical 费立可斯·霍尔特Daniel Deronda 丹尼尔·德龙达Romola 罗慕拉Scenes of Clerical Life 教区生活场景Translation: The Essence of Christianity 基督教的本质Editor : The Westminster Review威斯敏斯特评论34. Charlotte Bronte: The Professor 教授Jane Eyre 简爱Shirley 舍丽Villette 维莱特35．Emily Bronte: Wuthering Heights 呼啸山庄36. Anne Bronte: Agnes Grey 安格斯格雷The Tenant of the Wildfell Hall37.Alfred Tennyson：Poems by Two Brothers 两兄弟诗集Poems, Chiefly Lyrical 抒情诗集Poems (two volumes) 诗集The Princess 公主Maud 毛黛The Idylls of the King 国王叙事集In Memoriam 悼念Short Poems：Break, Break, Break 拍吧，拍吧，拍吧”Crossing the Bar 穿过沙洲38. Robert Browning: The Ring and the Book 指环和书dramatic monologuesDramatic Lyrics 戏剧抒情诗Dramatic Romances and Lyrics 戏剧故事及抒情诗Men and Women 男男女女Dramatic Personae 登场人物Poems: Pippa Passes 皮帕走过了Bells and Pomegranates 铃铛和石榴树Home-Thoughts, from Abroad 异域乡思Meeting at Night 深夜幽会Parting at Morning 清晨离别The Pied Piper of Hamelin39. Elizabeth Barrett: The Battle of Marathon 马拉顿之战The Cry of the Children 孩子们的哭声Sonnets from the Portuguese 葡萄牙十四行诗Poems before Congress 在大会之前写成的诗Casa Guidi Windows 圭迪的窗子Aurora Leigh 奥罗拉·利40. Thomas Hard y: Novel: Far From the Madding Crowd远离尘嚣The Woodlanders 林地居民The Return of the Native 还乡The Mayor of Casterbridge 卡斯特桥市长Tess of the D‘Urbervilles 德伯家的苔丝Jude the Obscure无名的裘德Under the Greenwood Tree 绿荫下Poem:The Dynasts, written between 列王41. David Herbert Lawrence: Rainbow 虹Lady Chatterley Lover 查泰莱夫人的情人The White Peacock 白孔雀Women in Love 恋爱中的女人Sons and Lovers 儿子和情人Oedipus Complex 恋母情结The STREAM CONSCIOUSNESS42. Virginia Woolf: Jacob′Room 雅各布的房间Mrs. Dalloway 达洛威夫人To the Lighthouse 到灯塔去Orlando 奥兰多The Waves 海浪43.James Joyce: Dubliners 都柏林人first workA Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man 年轻艺术家的肖像first novelUlysses 尤莉西斯Finnegans Wake 芬尼根的守灵夜43. William Butler Yeats: Sailing to Byzantium 驶向拜占庭When You are Old 当你老了44. George Bernard Shaw: Widower Houses 鳏夫的房子Mrs. Warren′s Profession 华伦夫人的职业The Devil′s Disciple 魔鬼的门徒Man and Superman 人和超人Major Barbara 芭芭拉上校Heartbreak House 伤心之家Saint Joan 少女贞德The Apple Cart 苹果车45. Oscar Wilde: Salome 莎美乐tragedyThe Importance of Being Earnest 认真的重要性A Woman of No Importance 无足轻重的女人An Ideal Husband 理想丈夫Lady Windermere′s Fan 温德美尔的扇子The Picture of Dorian Gray 道林格雷的肖像。
英国文学史及选读二
英国文学史及选读（第二册）The Romantic Period----IndividualismRomanticism: A movement that flourished in literature, philosophy, music and art in western culture during most of the nineteenth century, beginning as a revolt against classicism. It emphasize the special qualities of each individual`s mind. Many of the ideas of English Romanticism were first expressed by the poets, William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge.Lake Poets: Wordsworth, Coleridge and SoutheyPoet laureate：William Wordsworth, Southey, TennysonRepresentatives：William Wordsworth，George Gordon, Lord Byron, Shelley, John Keats, Walter Scott, Jane AustenThe beginning and the end of Romanticism:The English Romanticism is generally said to have begun in 1798 with the publication of Wordsworth and Coleridge‟s Lyrical Ballads and to have ended in 1832 with Sir Walter Scott‟s death and the passage of the first Reform Bill in the parliament.Features of Romanticism:1. Romanticists expressed the ideology and sentiment of those classes and social stratum that were discontent with and opposed to the development of capitalism.2. Romanticism can be seen as a rejection of the precepts of order, calm, harmony, balance, idealization, and rationality that typified Classicism in general and late 18th-century Neoclassicism in particular.3. Romanticism emphasized the individual, the subjective, the irrational, the imaginative, the personal, the spontaneous, the emotional, the visionary, and the transcendental.William WordsworthI Wandered Lonely as a Cloud / The DaffodilsWilliam Wordsworth in his poem I wandered Lonely as a Cloud is possibly making an attempt to show the reader the essence of life in nature, and what kind of a role a memory from childhood can play on us as adults. In his poem William Wordsworth is using daffodils as a metaphor for living, perhaps even eternal life, or life after death.The theme of this poem is harmony between humanity and nature.The Solitary ReaperIt is an iambic verse. Most of the lines in the poem are octosyllabics. The rhyme-scheme for each stanza is ababccdd.The Solitary Reaper use rural figures to suggest the timeless mystery of sorrowful humanity and its radiant beauty.It describes a nameless listener's delight in a young woman's melancholy song in an unknown language as, working by herself in a Scottish valley, she swings a sickle, reaping grain.Wordsworth may deliberately impoverish(使贫穷) his speaker's language so as to contrast it with the reaper's song.The Solitary Reaper‟s “song”, like a found poem, springs directly from nature, without literary context. Her "music" runs like water ("overflowing" the valley) and surpasses the beauty of two celebrated English song-birds, the nightingale and the cuckoo.The Solitary Reaper relates an ecstatic moment in which a passer-by transcends the limitations of mortality. Both the song and he go on together.George Gordon, Lord ByronByronic heroes: In his works appear the “Byronic heroes”, Who are men of noble origin with fiery pas sions and unbending will and express the poet‟s own ideal of freedom. These heroes rise against tyranny and injustice, but they are merely lone fighters striving for personal freedom and some individualistic ends.When We Two PartedIt is a poem speaking about unity and separation within the couple.She Walks in BeautyThe first couple of lines can be confusing if not read properly. Too often readers stop at the end of the first line where there is no punctuation. This is an enjambed line, meaning that it continues without pause onto the second line.That “she walks in beauty like the night”may not make sense as night represents darkness. However, as the line continues, the night is a cloudless one with bright stars to create a beautiful mellow(圆润的,柔美的) glow.The first two lines bring together the opposing qualities of darkness and light that are at play throughout the three verses.The remaining lines of the first verse employ another set of enjambed lines that tell us that her face and eyes combine all best of dark and bright.No mention is made here or elsewhere in the poem of any other physical features of the lady.The focus of the vision is upon the details of the lady’s face and eyes which reflect the mellowed and tender light. She has a remarkable quality of being able to contain the opposites of dark and bright.The third and fourth lines are not only enjambed, but the fourth line begins with an irregularity in the meter called a metrical（韵律）substitution. The fourth line starts with an accented syllable followed by an unaccented one, rather than the iambic meter of the other lines, an unaccented syllable followed by an accented one. The result is that the word “Meet”receives attention, an emphasis. The lady’s unique feature is that opposites “meet”in her in a wonderful way.The second stanza tells us that the glow of the lady’s face is nearly perfect. The shades and rays are in just the right proportion, and because they are, the lady possesses a nameless grace. This conveys the romantic idea that her inner beauty is mirrored by her outer beauty. Her thoughts are serene and sweet. She is pure and dear.The last verse is split between three lines of physical description and three lines that describe the lady’s moral character. Her soft, calm glow reflects a life of peace and goodness. This is a repetition, an emphasis, of the theme that the lady’s physical beauty is a reflection of her innerbeauty.Byron wrote the lines the morning after he had met his beautiful young cousin by marriage, Mrs. Robert John Wilmot, who wore a black mourning gown brightened with spangles. (亮晶晶的小东西)The poem was written shortly before Lord Byron’s marriage to Anna Milbanke and published shortly after the marriage.Percy Bysshe ShelleyOde:Ode is a dignified and elaborately structured lyric poem praising and glorifying an individual, commemorating an event, or describing nature intellectually rather than emotionally. Odes originally were songs performed to the accompaniment of a musical instrument.Ode to the West WindOde to the West Wind is Shelley‟s most famous short poem. It is an invocation（符咒）for an unseen force to take control and revive life. It was first composed on October 19, 1819, inspired by a walk in woodland near Florence, and it was first published in August, 1920 with Prometheus Unbound.The personal conflicts explain the imagery of death and decay in the first stanza of the poem. The poem calls for a mythical power to inspire and induce change or "a new Birth". It is about the regenerative powers of Nature to bring forth not only new life but also poetic inspiration. The call for inspiration comes in the form like a prayer, not to a Christian God, but to an unseen spiritual force which has the same omnipresence and power as a god.John KeatsOde to a NightingaleOde to a Nightingale expresses the contrast between the happy world of natural loveliness and human world of agony.In this poem, by singing of the nightingale and its plaintive songs, describing the beautiful and embalmed natural world, and expressing his wish to fly away with the bird, Keats makes a contrasts between the happy world of natural loveliness and human world of agony in order to show his resentment against the social wrongs and his desire for a world of eternal happiness.Walter ScottWalter Scott `s historical novel paved the path for the development of the realistic novel of the 19th century.Jane AustenSense and SensibilityPride and PrejudiceNorthanger AbbeyMansfield ParkEmmaPersuasionJane Austen is one of the realistic writers/novelists. She drew vivid and realistic pictures of everyday life of the country society in her novels.Pride and PrejudicePride and Prejudice was first titled First Impressions, and these titles embody the themes of the novel. The narrative describes how the prejudices and first impressions (especially those dealing with pride) of the main characters change throughout the novel, focusing on those of Elizabeth.Elizabeth's judgments about other characters' dispositions are accurate about half of the time. While she is correct about Mr. Collins and how absurdly self-serving he is and about Lady Catherine de Bourgh and how proud and snobbish she is, her first impressions of Wickham and Darcy steer her incorrectly. Wickham is first thought to be a gentleman by all. His good looks and his easy manner fool almost everyone, and Elizabeth believes without question all that he tells her of Darcy. Elizabeth's first impressions of him are contradicted when she realizes that he has lied about Darcy.The Victorian Age---Critical Realism in EnglandChartism(宪章主义):The year between 1832 and the early 50‟s saw an important series of events known as the Chartist Movement. Chartism arose out of the increasing strength and a greater confidence of the working class as well as their increasing miseries in life. The Chartist Movement sprang from “the social degradation produced by the unregulated growth of industry and by the subordination of human to commercial interests.The Chartist movement writers introduced a new theme into English literature---the struggle of the proletariat(无产阶级)for its right.Realism: In art and literature, an attempt to describe human behavior and surroundings or to represent figures and objects exactly as they act or appear in life. Attempts at realism have been made periodically(周期的) throughout history in all the arts; the term is, however, generally restricted to a movement that began in the mid-19th century, in reaction to the highly subjective approach of romanticism.Charles Dickens (critical realist writer批判现实主义小说家)The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwich club 1836-1837Oliver Twist 1838The Ode Curiosity Shop 1841David Copperfield 1850Bleak House 1852A Tale of Two Cities 1859Great Expectations 1861Our Mutual Friend 1865Hard Times 1854Oliver TwistOne of Dickens‟ most enduringly popular stories is Oliver Twist.Like many of his later novels, its central theme is the hardship faced by the dispossessed and those of the outside of…polite‟ society. Oliver himself is born in a workhouse and treated cruelly there as was the norm at the time for pauper children. The story follows Oliver as he escapes the workhouse and runs away to London. Here he receives an education in villainy from the criminal gang of Fagin that includes the brutal thief Bill Sikes, the famous …Artful Dodger‟ and Nancy, Bill‟s whore. Oliver is rescued by the intervention of a benefactor - Mr Brownlow - but the mysterious Monks gets the gang to kidnap the boy again. Nancy intervenes but is murdered viciously by Sikes after she has showed some redeeming qualities and has discovered Monk‟s sinister intention. The story closes happily and with justice for Bumble and the cruel Monks who has hidden the truth of Oliver‟s parentag e out of malice(怨恨). His achievement was in fact in presenting the underworld and problems of poverty to the well-off in a way rarely attempted previously.William M. ThackerayVanity Fair（1847-1848）The Book of Snobs（1846-1847）V anity FairThemesAs the title suggests, this is a book about Vanity Fair. The term“Vanity Fair”is apparently taken from John Bunyan‟s famous allegory The Pilgrim’s Progress,which Christian and his friend faith have to pass on their way to the celestial city.From the subtitle, Novel without a Hero, we are enlightened about the world it depicts. As a novel with out heroes, it can only mean:1)In this novel there is no exactly positive characters, that is to say, this is a world full of bad or faulty people. No one here is really good enough to be a hero. The world or society here is corrupted.2)his is a novel not about some particular person but a bout a society—the upper middle class society. The social manners, made up of individual behaviors, become the predominant concern, and the general impression is that of noisy, whirling commotion, and3)It can be a book about women instead of men. Evidence is found in the absolute domination of the stage by the major characters: Becky sharp and her foil Amelia. They, particularly Becky, are the heroines at the center of life while all the male characters are but means and tools in their climb or search for position and money.A comparison between Thackeray’s and DickensThe main features of Thackeray‟s work can best be found in co mparison with those of his contemporary, Charles Dickens. Though writing about the same time, Thackeray differs from the latter in some aspects. First, his criticism of the society is seldom directed at the inhuman social institution and corrupted government which bring great misery and suffering to the poor working class, as is shown in Dickens‟ works. What Thackeray criticizes is the social moral that makes up the society, not the political structure and organizations that run the society. To him, the society is diseased because it is morally corrupted, because most people are money-oriented. To obtain money and the comfort and luxury it brings, they take every means to fight and to cheat each other. Besides, unlike Dickens who has a firm belief in the honesty and respectability of the working class, Thackeray criticism embraces people of all social strata. Though the world he depicts ispredominantly that of the upper-middle class in the early 19th century-with its whirling ballrooms, noisy parties, heavily curtained bedrooms. Elegantly dressed ladies and gentlemen at card-tables and billiard rooms, flirting or gambling, where money is made or last, marriages are contracted, the ambitious are thwarted and the stupid favored—his social—climbers and snobs and money-grabbers can be found in any class.Thackeray also differs from Dickens in the way of writing. Though both are noted for the realistic depiction of life and people, we feel we would like to meet Dickens‟ interesting. Langer-than-life characters b ut we are sure we‟ve seen too many and know too well those of Thackeray‟s. We are fascinated by the former and smile at the easy identification of the later moreover, Dickens strikes us as always“in”the play while Thackeray is constantly“out”. Dickens always imagines himself one of the characters, he sees, thinks and does things their way, he laughs and cries with them, and constantly he pleas for them when he sees them suffer from maltreatment and injustice. But Thackeray always speaks in an ironical, sarcastic and cynical tone of an on-looker. He is a puppet-player who monitors his puppets at backstage, with a sureness and familiarity of master craftsmanship, although now and then he is willing to give a piece of his mind. And finally Thackeray, as the better educated of the two, proves a more conscious artist, his works are known for their fine language, careful overall planning, mastering of detail, vast scope of view and faithfulness to the history.Charlotte Bronte and Emily BronteCharlotte Bronte`s Jane EyreThemesEver since its publication, Jane Eyre has appealed to the general reading public. It is known as a work of critical realism as well as the first and one of the most popular works of the working middle-class women. Its social criticism is found in its vivid description of life of a poor orphan left dependent on some selfish, cold-hearted people and her hard struggle to retain her dignity as a human being. The ill-treatment of and despise for the unfortunate lower class by the rich and the privileged are clearly shown. What is more, the brutality and hypocrisy of the English educational system are laid bare here in the example of Lowood School where children are exposed to unbearably harsh conditions and unreasonably rigid disciplines and are trained to be humble slaves only. On the other hand, the idle and vian life of the corrupted rich is also vividly depicted and sharply criticized.Another factor for the popularity of the novel lies in the fact that it is the first governess novel in the history of English literature. Upon its first publication, the contemporary readers were fascinated as well as shocked by its titular heroine. Instead of the rich, gentle, frail, modest and virtuous beauties of the conventional heroine, here we have a small, plain, poor governess who begins her life all alone, with no body caring for her and nothing attractive. What she has is an intense feeling, a ready sympathy and a strong sense of equality and independence. And she, in defiance of the social convention, dares to love her master, declares it openly, and finally marries him when he is in the most wretched situation. Alt this should certainly disqualify her as a heroine due to the then social prejudices. However, the young lady, for all her obscurity and inferiority, stands out as one of the most remarkable fictional heroines of the time. Her very unconventionality marks her as an entirely new woman.Besides Jane‟s exceptional personalities, the book is also hailed as a representative work offeminist writings, i.e., works reflecting the experience and defending the interest of the weaker sex. In a way, it speaks not only for those unfortunate governesses like Jane, but all the middle-class women and women of all classes. Jane‟s declaration to Mr. Rochester of her equality with him is really a declaration of the women of middle class and all classes. Such an independent and equal attitude was an astonishment and wonder to people of the day, but it is the first manifestation of the awakening of the exploited and maltreated women. Jane, smell and weak as she is , becomes an amazon fighting for the emancipation of women.Emily Bronte’s Wuthering HeightsThemesWuthering Heights is a riddle which has meant so many things to so many people. Even today it is still hard for people to come to a universally accepted understanding of the book. It is small wonder Clement shorter would call its author“the sphinx of our modern literature.”One way of reading is to treat it as a romantic story, as a tale of love and revenge. As such, it is superb.From the social point of view, the story is a tragedy of social inequality.At some deeper level, however, the story is more than a mere copy of real life. To many people it is an illustration of the workings of the universe, a book about the cosmic harmony of the universe and the destruction and re-establishment of this harmony.It is obvious that whereas charlotte‟s and Anne‟s stories —the stories of governess and machines and trains— belong basically to the nineteenth century, Emily‟s novel, though belonging to the time of the eighteenth century England with its horse transport, rough tracks remote houses, characters unsoftened by urban contacts which lingered in her day in the Haworth uplands, is in essence timeless. It is a tale not of the society or people but of elemental, universal passions.Alfred, Lord TennysonBreak, Break, BreakThis short lyric is written in memory of Tennyson‟s best friend, Arthur Hallam, whose death has a life-long influence on the poet. Here, the poet‟s own feelings of sadness are contrasted with the carefree, innocent joys of the children and the unfeeling movement of the ship and the sea waves. The beauty of the lyric is to be found in the musical language and in the association of sound and images with feelings and emotions. The poem contains four quatrains, with combined iambic and anapestic feet. Most lines have three feet and some four. The rhyme scheme is abcb.(The anapest is a foot that consists of two unaccented syllables followed by one accented syllable.) The poem contains four quatrains, with combined iambic and anapestic feet.The rhythm of this poem is rich in its variety. Most of the lines are anapestic feet with three stressed syllables. Some of the lines are iambic.Generally speaking, an apestic feet read fast. But the reader can‟t read this poem this way for there are many long vowels in this poem, which shows the poet‟s grief.Crossing the BarThis poem was written in the later years of Tennyson‟s life. We can feel his fearlessness towards death, his faith in God and an afterlife.Bar, a bank of sand or stones under the water as in a river, parallel to the shore, at the entrance to harbor.“Crossing the bar” means leaving this world and entering the next world.Sunset, evening star, twilight, evening bell: all images of the end of life.Sea, tide, deep, flood: all symbols of life.Bourne: boundary.Pilot: Here it refers to God.Robert BrowningDramatic monologue: is a lyric poem which reveals“a soul in action”through the conversation of one character in a dramatic situation. The character is speaking to an identifiable but silent listener at a dramatic moment in the speaker’s life.My Last DuchessMy Last Duchess is Browning‟s best-know dramatic monologue. The poem takes its sources from the life of Alfonso II, duke of Ferrara of the 16th century Italy, whose young wife died suspiciously after three years of marriage. Not long after her death, the duke managed to arrange a marriage with the niece of another noble man. This dramatic monologue is the duke‟s remarks addressed to the agent who comes to negotiate the marriage. In his talk about his“Last duchess”,the duke reveals himself as a self-conceited, cruel and tyrannical man. The poem is written in heroic couplets, but with no regular metrical system. In reading, it sounds like blank verse.dramatic monologue; the heroic couplet (rhymed every two lines and most of the lines have 10 syllables); colloquial language; insertion; comment and description is interwoven.Twentieth Century Literature---Realistic VS Anti-realisticRealistic:George Meredith, Samuel Butler, T. Hardy, G. B. Shaw‟, H. G. Wells, and John GalsworthyAnti-realistic: Robert Louis Stevenson, Oscar WildeImportant events:ImperialismSocial reformFirst world warSecond world warThis is an age of dramaPoets of the Victorian age leave a general impression of beauty, of faith,and therefore of cheerfulness.The end of the 19th century is a period of struggle between realistic and anti-realistic trends in art and literature.Stream of consciousness: is the narrative method of capturing and representing the inner workings of a character‟s mind. (Or it is literary technique, first used in the late 19th century, employed to evince(表示)subjective as well as objective reality. It reveals the character's feelings,thoughts, and actions, often following an associative rather than a logical sequence, without commentary by the author.) In English Literature, James Joyce and Virginia Woolf are the two best-known novelists of the“stream of consciousness”school.Modernism: is loosely a synonym of anything contemporary strictly. Modernism was an international movement in literature and arts. Especially in literary criticism, which began in the late 19th century and flourished until 1950s. Modernism takes the irrational philosophy and the theory of psycho-analysis as it‟s the theoretical base. The modernist writers concentrate more on the private and subjective than on the public and objective, mainly concerned with the inner being of an individual. Therefore they pay more attention to the psychic time than the chronological one. The major themes of the modernist literature are the distorted, alienated and ill relationships between man and nature, man and society, man and man, and man and himself. In the United States, modernism refers to the 20th century American literature, which can also be called the second American Renaissance.Thomas Hardy Tess of the D’urbervillesJohn Galsworthy The Forsyte SagaOscar Wilde The Picture of Dorian GrayGeorge Bernard Shaw Mrs.Warren`s Profession 掀起莎士比亚后第二次戏剧浪潮D.H. Lawrence Sons and Lovers 现代派先驱之一，谴责工业革命Virginia Woolf Mrs. Dalloway 意识流作家James Joyce Araby 意识流作家名词解释1. Romanticism: A movement that flourished in literature, philosophy, music and art in western culture during most of the nineteenth century, beginning as a revolt against classicism. It emphasize the special qualities of each individual`s mind. Many of the ideas of English Romanticism were first expressed by the poets, William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge.2. Ode:Ode is a dignified and elaborately structured lyric poem praising and glorifying an individual, commemorating an event, or describing nature intellectually rather than emotionally. Odes originally were songs performed to the accompaniment of a musical instrument.3.Realism: In art and literature, an attempt to describe human behavior and surroundings or to represent figures and objects exactly as they act or appear in life. Attempts at realism have been made periodically(周期的) throughout history in all the arts; the term is, however, generally restricted to a movement that began in the mid-19th century, in reaction to the highly subjective approach of romanticism.4. Dramatic monologue: is a lyric poem which reveals“a soul in action”through the conversation of one character in a dramatic situation. The character is speaking to an identifiable but silent listener at a dramatic moment in the speaker’s life.5. Stream of consciousness: is the narrative method of capturing and representing the inner workings of a character‟s mind. (Or it is literary technique, first used in the late 19th century, employed to evince(表示)subjective as well as objective reality. It reveals the character's feelings, thoughts, and actions, often following an associative rather than a logical sequence, without commentary by the author.) In English Literature, James Joyce and Virginia Woolf are the two best-known novelists of the“stream of consciousness”school.6. Modernism: is loosely a synonym of anything contemporary strictly. Modernism was an international movement in literature and arts. Especially in literary criticism, which began in the late 19th century and flourished until 1950s. Modernism takes the irrational philosophy and the theory of psycho-analysis as it‟s the theoretical base. The modernist writers concentrate more on the private and subjective than on the public and objective, mainly concerned with the inner being of an individual. Therefore they pay more attention to the psychic time than the chronological one. The major themes of the modernist literature are the distorted, alienated and ill relationships between man and nature, man and society, man and man, and man and himself. In the United States, modernism refers to the 20th century American literature, which can also be called the second American Renaissance.。
英国文学史选读-表格
Samson Agonistes《力士参孙》
☆On His Blindness
☆On His Deceased Wife
John Bunyan
约翰·班扬
(1628-1688)
/
☆The Pilgrim’s Progress《天路历程》
The Age of Enlightenment
A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning,
Sonnet: Death Be Not Proud
John Milton
约翰·弥尔顿
(1608-1674)
/
poetry(verse novel)
☆ParadiseLost《失乐园》（与荷马的《荷马史诗》、但丁的《神曲》并称为西方三大诗歌）(verse novel)
与法国的《罗兰之歌》、德国的《尼伯龙根之歌》并称为欧洲文学的三大英雄史诗。
The Anglo-NormanPeriod
(1066-1350)
/
/
alliterative verseArthurian romance
☆Sir Gawain and the Green Knight《高文爵士与绿衣骑士》
The Spectator《旁观者》（杂志）
☆Sir Roger at Church
☆Sir Roger at the Assizes
Henry Fielding
亨利·菲尔丁
(1707-1754)
The greatest novelist of the 18thcentury, and one of the greatest thatEnglandever produced
英国文学史及选读作者作品列表
附：英国文学史及选读作者及作品（第一、二册）一、盎格鲁-撒克逊时期The Anglo-Saxon Period※《贝奥武甫》“The Song of Beowulf”《浪游者》“Widsith” or “The Traveller’s Song”《航海家》“Seafarer”二、盎格鲁-诺曼时期The Anglo-Norman Period※《高文爵士和绿衣骑士》“ Sir Gawain and the Green Knight ”杰弗里《史记》Geoffrey’s “History”莱亚门《布鲁特》Laysmon’s “Brust”《罗兰之歌》“Chanson de Roland”三、乔叟时期Geoffrey Chaucer (1340?-1400)※《坎特伯雷故事集》“The Canterbury Tales”《玫瑰传奇》“Romance of the Rose”《好女人的故事》“The Legend of Good Women”《声誉殿堂》“The House of Fame”《百鸟会议》“The Parliament of Fowls”《特罗伊勒斯和克莱西德》“Troilus and Gressie”大众民谣Popular Ballads※《罗宾汉和阿林代尔》“Robin Hood and Allin-a-Dale””※《起来，去关门》“Get Up and Bar the Door”※《派屈克·斯宾塞爵士》“Sir Patrick Spens”托马斯·帕西《英诗辑古》Bishop Thomas Percy ”Reliques of Anciet English Poetry”兰格论《农夫皮尔期》“The Vision of Piers, the Plowman”四、文艺复兴时期The Renaissance1．威廉·莎士比亚William Shakespeare(1564-1616)1590《亨利六世》第二部The Second Part of “King Henry Ⅵ”《亨利六世》第三部The Third Part of “King Henry Ⅵ”1591《亨利六世》第一部The First Part of “King Henry Ⅵ”1592《理查三世》“The Life and Death of King Richard Ⅲ”《错误的喜剧》“The Comedy of Errors”1593《泰特斯·安德鲁尼克斯》”Titus Andronicus”《驯悍记》“The Taming of the Shrew”1594《维洛那两绅士》“The Two Gentlemen of Verona”《爱的徒劳》“Love’s Labour’s Lost”《罗密欧与朱丽叶》“Romeo and Juliet”1595《理查二世》“The Life and Death of King RichardⅡ”《仲夏夜之梦》“A Midsummer Night’s Dream”1596《约翰王》“The Life and Death of King John”※《威尼斯商人》“The Merchant of Venice”1597《亨利四世》第一部The First Part of “King Henry Ⅳ”《亨利四世》第二部The Second Part of “King Henry Ⅳ”1598《无事生非》“Much Ado About Nothing”《温莎的风流娘儿们》”The Merry Wives of Windsor”《亨利五世》”The Life of King Henry Ⅴ”1599《尤利乌斯·凯撒》“The Life and Death of Julius Caesar”《皆大欢喜》”As You Like It”1600《第十二夜》“Twelfth Night ,or, What You Will”※1601《哈姆雷特》“Hamlet, Prince of Denmark”1602《特洛伊洛斯与克瑞西达》“Troilus and Cressida”《终成眷属》“All’s Well That Ends Well”1604《一报还一报》“Measure for Measure”《奥塞罗》“Othello, the Moore of Venice”1605《李尔王》”King Lear”《麦克白》“The Tragedy of Macbeth”1606《安东尼和克莉奥佩特拉》“Antony and Cleopatra”1607《科里奥拉鲁斯》”The Tragedy of Coriolanus”《雅典的泰门》“Timon of Athens”1608《佩里克利斯》“Pericles, Prince of Tyre”1609《辛白林》“Cymbeline, King of Britain”1610《冬天的故事》“The Winter’s Tale”《暴风雨》“The Tempest”《亨利八世》“The Life of King Henry Ⅷ”Poems《维纳斯与阿多尼斯》“Venus and Adonis”《露克丽丝受辱记》“Lucrece”※《十四行诗》“Sonnets”2。
英国文学史及选读,
Edmund Spenser (1552 -1599)
• Spenser is often referred to as "the poets' poet". • Spenser’s fame in English literature is chiefly based upon his masterpiece: (The Faerie Queene).
Renaissance English Literature (15C-----17C)
The Renaissance sprang first in Italy in the 14 century and gradually spread all over Europe. Two feature are striking of this movement. The one is a thirsting curiosity for the classical literature. While people learned to admire the Greek and Latin works as models of literary form, they caught something in spirit very different from the medieval
The Victorian Age
The 20th-Century British poetry
Early and Medieval English Literature
5 Century------1485
“Early” here means English literature in primitive and
William Shakespeare
英国文学史G Chaucer(2)
About The Canterbury Tales
Geoffrey Chaucer wrote The Canterbury Tales, a collection of stories
in a frame story, between 1387 and 1400. The structure of The Canterbury Tales is indebted to Boccaccio's Decameron; It is the story of a group of thirty people who travel as pilgrims to Canterbury (England). The pilgrims, who come from all layers of society, tell stories to each other to kill time while they travel to Canterbury. He never finished his enormous project and even the completed tales were not finally revised.
----About Geoffrey Chaucer
Born in an urban middle class； In the service of the ruling class； The diplomatic mission that sent Chaucer to
Italy in 1372 was a milestone in his literary development. He had direct contact with the Italian Renaissance. Perhaps he acquired manuscripts of works by Dante, Patriarch, and Boccaccio.
英国文学史及选读【精品】
College of Foreign Languages, CTGU
HISTORY AND ANTHOLOGY OF ENGLISH LITERATURE
2 William Shakespeare and his Sonnets
1 The poem overview 2 long narrative poems: Venus and Adonis The Rape of Lucrece 154 sonnets 1-126 /127-152 /153-154
英国文学史及选读
HISTORY AND ANTHOLOGY OF ENGLISH LITERATURE
English Literature
College of Foreign Languages China Three Gorges University
HISTORY AND ANTHOLOGY OF ENGLISH LITERATURE
College of Foreign Languages, CTGU
HISTORY AND ANTHOLOGY OF ENGLISH LITERATURE
Sonnet 18 (By Shakespeare)
Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?
Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,
College of Foreign Languages, CTGU
HISTORY AND ANTHOLOGY OF ENGLISH LITERATURE
(完整word版)英国文学史及选读复习资料整理(word文档良心出品)
Old English Period— Anglo-Saxon Period(450-1066)1.The History•From 55 BC to 410 AD, the Romans conquered the land and transplanted its civilization.2.The LiteratureTwo divisions:Pagan & ChristianPaganThe Seafarer水手; The Fight at Finnisburg芬尼斯郡之战; The Wanderer流浪者; Waldhere瓦登希尔;The Battle of Maldom马尔登战役Widsith(威德西斯); The complaint of Deor迪奥的抱怨•The wife’s Lament妻子的哀歌; Ruin毁灭are good examples.Beowulf, England’s national epic.Writing featuresnot a Christian but a pagan poem of all advanced pagan civilization,The use of the strong stress and the predominance of consonants are very notable in this poem. Each line is divided into two halves, and each half has two heavy stressesThe use of alliteration is another notable feature and makes the stresses more emphatic. There are a lot of metaphors and understatements in this poemAnglo-Norman Period(1066-1350)The literature•The Growth of the Arthurian Legends•The legends of King Arthur and his knights had existed as an oral tradition since the time of the Celts.The 17th CenturyA Brief Introduction of the 17th century⏹The contradictions between the feudal system and bourgeoisie⏹James I：1603-1625 political and religious tyranny⏹Charles I: 1625-1649⏹Oliver Cromwell : commonwealth protector: 1653-1658⏹Charles II: 1660-1688 the Restoration⏹James II：1685-1688⏹William of Oranges: 1688-1702 “Glorious Revolution”⏹The Bill of Rights 权利法案：1689John Donne代表作：The FleaMetaphysical PoetryHoly Sonnet 10SongA Valediction:Forbidding Mourning 别离辞：节哀John Milton⏹the early phase of reading and lyric writing⏹the middle phase of service in the Puritan Revolution and the pamphleteering for it⏹the last --- the greatest --- phase of epic writingParadise Lost--- the great epicParadise Regained；Samson AgonistesJohn BunyanThe Pilgrim’s Progress（essay）The 18th-century LiteratureThe Rise of English NovelsThe historical backgroundComparing with the 17th century, the 18th century is a period for peaceful development.The constitutional monarchy has been set up by parliament in 1688.England grew from a second rate country to a powerful naval country in this century.With the ascent of the bourgeoisie cultural life had undergone remarkable changes.The rise of the English novel.代表作：Daniel Defoe Robinson CrusoeJonathan SwiftThe Battle of the Books; 《书籍之战》The Tale of a Tub; 《一只桶的故事》The Drapier’s Letter; 《布商来信》A Modest Proposal; 《一个温和的建议》Journal to Stella; 《给斯黛拉的日记》Gulliver’s Travel. 《格列夫游记》Satirical features⏹Swift offered an opportunity of self-scrutiny.（自我审视）⏹The Lilliputians （小人国居民）and their institutions were all about people and theirinstitutions of England.⏹The Brobdingnagians were incredible Utopians.⏹The scientists and philosophers represented the extremes of futile theorizing andspeculations in all areas of activity such as science, politics, and economics with their instinct-killing tendencies.⏹The picture of the Yahoos made a clear statement about man and his nature.Henry FieldingTom JohnsonSocial significanceThe writer shows his strong hatred for all the hypocrisy and treachery in the society of his age and his sympathy for the courageous young rebels in their righteous struggleThe 18th-century Literature (II)The Age of Enlightenment in EnglandThe rapid development of social life•On the economic scene, the country became increasingly affluent.•On the political scene, a fragile of balance between the monarch and the middle class existed.•On the religious scene, deism came into existence代表Thomas GrayElegy Written in a Country Churchyard● a masterpiece of lyric●Theme: a sentimental meditation upon life and death, esp. of the common rural people,whose life, though simple and crude, has been full of real happiness and meaning●Poetic pattern: quatrains of iambic pentameter lines rhyming ABAB●Mood: melancholy, calm, meditative●Style: neoclassic---vivid visual painting,---musical/rhythmic,---controlled and restrained,---polished languageSection 1 It sets the scene for the poet’s visit to the churchyard. It is enveloped in gloom and grief, which is archetypal of graveyard, poets’fascination with night, graves, and death. The tone is echoed by the last part of the poem●Section 2 It tells about the people entombed there and recalls their life experiences. Whenthe “rude forefathers of the hamlet”lived. They got up early at the twittering of swallows, or a rooster’s wake-up call or a hunter’s horn, enjoyed family bliss with wife and kids in the evening, or were happily busy with farm work in the fields, but now that they lie in their “narrow cells”, their “useful toil”and “homely joys”happen no more. The tone is one of melancholy and regret for the dead.●Section 3 It warns the rich and powerful not to despise the poor since all are equal in faceof death and the grave levels off all distinction. All nobility, power, and wealth “await alike”the inevitable end and “the paths of glory lead but to the grave”. Nothing could●ever bring anything back to life.Section 4●It expresses, on the one hand, the poet’s regret that their life had not been congenial tothe growth and full play of the poor farmers’native gifts and talents and, on the other, his feeling of “a blessing in disguise”for them in the sense that, because they did not commit any crimes to humankind nor have to play the obsequious social climber against one’s integrity.Section 5●It asserts the notion that, even though they lived a less eventful life, there is no reason toforget these farmers.Section 6●It portrays the scenario that the poet envisions would happen after his own death. Avillager would say of him: he got up early to go uphill to the lawn and lay there meditating under the tree until noon. He would wander in the wood, smiling at one moment, muttering to himself at the next, sad and pale, like one “in hopeless love”. Then for a couple of days he did not show up, and on the third day he was buried in the churchyard.Section 7●As he shows sympathy for the poor, he gains the friendship of man and God. He asks thepassers-by not to get to know any more about his merits and weaknesses as he waits in his grave for God’s judgment.●The poem touches the readers to the quick with its notable sadnessOliver Goldsmith’s《The Vicar of Wakefield》•Pre-Romantic Poems (I)William BlakeThe Songs of Experience；THE LAMB；The Tyger；The Sick RoseRobert Burns⏹1) Political poems --- The Tree of Liberty;⏹2) Satirical poems --- Holy Willie’s Prayer, Two Dogs⏹3) Lyrics --- My Heart’s in the Highlands, A Red, Red Rose, Auld Lang SyneBurns’s position and his features⏹ A great Scottish peasant poet; a national poet of Scotland⏹Numerous are Burns’s songs of love and friendship.⏹His great success was largely due to his comprehensive knowledge and excellent masteryof the old song traditions.⏹His poetry have a musical quality that helps to perpetuate the sentimentBurns ushered a tendency that prevailed during the high time of RomanticismThe Romantic Period (I)⏹“The Lakers”：湖畔诗人William WordsworthSamuel ColeridgeRobert Southey•William Wordsworth•Lyrical Ballads；Lines Written in Early Spring；To the Cuckoo ；The Daffodils I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud；My Heart Leaps Up；Intimations of Immortality 不朽颂Lines Composed a Few Miles Above Tintern AbbeyComments on WordsworthWordsworth’s poetry is distinguished by simplicity and purity of his language which was spoken by the peasants who convey their feelings and emotions in simple and unelaborated expressions.•George Gordon Byron•Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage；Don Juan•What is Byronic hero?•Byron’s chief contribution to English poetry.•Such a hero is a proud, rebellious figure of noble origin. Passionate and powerful, he is right to all the wrongs in a corrupted society, and he would fight single--handedly against all the misdoings.•Thus this figure is a rebellious individual against outworn social systems and conventions •Byronic heroes•heroic of noble birth•passionate•rebellious•individual•Summery•This is a love poem about a beautiful woman and all of her features. Throughout the poem, Byron explains the depth of this woman’s beauty. Even in the darkness of death and mourning, her beauty shines through. Her innocence shows her pureness in heart and in love. The two forces involved in Byron’s poems are darkness and light --- at work in the woman’s beauty and also the two areas of her beauty --- the internal and the external •The theme•This poem shows that mourning does not necessarily imply melancholy or extreme sadness.•Rhetorics•Byron uses many antonyms to describe this woman --- face, eye, hair, cheek, brow, etc. to portray a perfect balance within her.•He often uses opposites like darkness and light to create this balance.• A simile was shown in line one which stated: “She walks in beauty, like the night”, which is also the basis of the poem.•Rhyme and meter•The poem follows a basic iambic tetrameter, with an “ababab cdcdcd efefef” rhyme. •Percy Bysshe Shelley•Comments on Shelley• 1. Shelley is one of the first poets in Europe who sang for the working people. His political lyrics are among the best of their kind in the whole sphere of European romantic poetry. And he is also one of the leading Romantic poets, an intense and original lyrical poet in the English language.• 2. Shelley loved the people and hated their oppressors and exploiters. He called on the people to overthrow the rule of tyranny and injustice and prophesied a happy and free life for mankind.• 3. One of the first poets in Europe who sang for the working people. His political lyrics are among the best of their kind in the whole sphere of European romantic poetry.❖ 4. He stood for this social and political ideal all his life.❖ 5. He and Byron are justifiably (justly, rightly) regarded as the two great poets of the revolutionary romanticism in England.❖ 6. Byron, his best friend, said of Shelley “the best and least selfish man I ever knew”.❖7. Wordsworth said, “Shelley is one of the best artists of us all”.❖Ode to the West Wind❖Stanza 1❖It describes the power of the west wind and its double role as both destroyer(ll.2-5) and preserver(ll.6-12).❖Line 14 sums up the wind’s two basic characteristics, which also constitute the thematic focus of the poem❖Stanza 2❖I t focuses on the adumbration of the wind’s power driving clouds before it and bringing storms with it (ll.15-23) with lightning, rain, fire and hail (ll. 23-28).❖It also describes its destructive aspect of “closing night” enveloping all under its dome ofa vast tomb (ll. 24-25).❖Stanza 3❖It talks about the wind’s impact upon the sea, its first touching on the calm of the Mediterranean (ll. 29-36), and then on the turbulence of the Atlantic (ll.36-42).❖The Mediterranean sleeps in serenity in the summer but is waken up by the wind to see the quivering of the shadows of ancient palaces and towers (ll. 29-35) and the Atlantic cleaving asunder into gigantic chasms (ll. 35-38).❖Even the vegetation at the bottom of the sea “grow gray with fear./tremble and despo il themselves”.❖Stanza 4❖It expresses the poet’s emotional response to the west wind.❖The poet says to the wind (ll.43-47) that he wishes to be spirited away like the leaves, to dance like the clouds, to breathe like the waves, and enjoy a share of the win d’s strength like the storm though with a lesser degree of freedom of movement.❖The poet takes a nostalgic backward glance at his free, uncontrollable boyhood when he could fly like a swift could like the wind, and even outstrip it in speed (ll.47-51), and wishes for the wind to lift him up like a leaf or wave or a cloud (l. 54). But it is only a figment of his imagination.❖He has to face “the horns of life” that he has fallen upon, chained and weighed down, and no longer “tameless, swift, and proud” like the wind (ll.54-56).❖Stanza 5⏹It expresses both the poet’s request for the wind to help spread the words of his poem“among mankind” and wake it up from its deep stupor (ll. 66-69) and his prophecy that spring will come in the wake of winter (ll.69-70).⏹The poem ends upon a note of confidence and hope.⏹John Keats one of the greatest English poets and a major figure in the Romanticmovement⏹Ode on a Grecian Urn The Eve of St. Agnes To a NightingaleWalter Scott He is the creator and a great master of the historical novelJane AustenPride and Prejudice；Sense and Sensibility；Mansfield Park；Emma；Northanger Abbey；PersuasionCritical Realism Victorian PeriodFeatures of Dickens’s novels♦Charles Dickens’s novels offer a most complete and realistic picture of the English bourgeois society of his age. They reflect the protest of the people against capitalist exploitation; criticize the vices of capitalist society.Charles Dickens is a petty bourgeois intellectual. He could not overstep the limits of his class. He believed in the moral self-perfection of the wicked propertied classes. He failed to see the necessity of a bitter struggle of the oppressed against their oppressors. There is a definite tendency for a reconciliation of the contradictions of capitalist society♦Charles Dickens is a great humorist. His novels are full of humor and laughter and tell much of the experiences of his childhood. Almost all his novels have happy endings.The story of some major novels♦Oliver Twist♦David Copperfield♦Great Expectation♦ A Tale of Two CitiesWilliam Makepeace ThackerayVanity Fair•The Brontë sisters•Charlotte•Jane eyre (1847)•Shirley (1849)•Villette (1853)•The professor (1857)•Emily•Wuthering Heights (1847)•Anne•Agnes Grey (1847)•The tenant of Wildfell Hall (1848) 《怀德菲尔庄园的房客》Alfred Lord Tennyson•the poet laureate after the death of Wordsworth in 1850•The Princes (1847),•In Memoriam (1850),•Maud (1855),•Enoch Arden (1864),•The Idylls of the King (1869-1872) Break, Break, Break ；Ulysses；Crossing the Bar Robert BrowningMy Last Duchess a dramatic monologueThe transition from 19th to 20th century in English literatureThomas Hardy◆Under the Greenwood Tree◆Far from the Madding Crowd◆The Return of the Native◆The Mayor of Casterbridge◆Tess of the D’Urbervilles◆Jude the ObscureOscar Wilde♦The Picture of Dorian Gray♦Lady Windermere’s Fan♦ A Woman of No Importance♦An Ideal Husband♦The Importance of Being Earnest♦Salome♦The Happy Prince and Other TalesGeorge Bernard Shaw♦ a prolific writer;♦winning Nobel Prize in 1925Mrs. Warren’s professionD. H. Lawrence•Novels•Sons and Lovers•The Rainbow•Women in Love•Lady Chatterley's Lover•Novellas•St Mawr•The Virgin and the Gypsy•The Escaped Cock“stream of consciousness”意识流代表人物：1)、Virginia Woolf 《Mrs. Dalloway》《A Room of One’s Own》 Woolf was much concerned with the position of women. 非常重视妇女的地位 2)、James Joyce Araby附读书足以怡情，足以博彩，足以长才。
英国文学史2整理大纲
英国文学史及选读History & Anthology of English Literature18世纪最主要的是enlightenment and Neo-classicism ，新古典主义主要是prose and essay，文艺复兴时期主要是戏剧。
18世纪初期，新古典主义，中期sentimentilism 感伤主义，后期，浪漫主义。
感伤主义在形式上是新古典主义，但内容上是浪漫主义，所以是新古典主义向浪漫主义过渡时期。
⏹The Eighteenth Century 。
1688-1798（1798年浪漫主义开始）⏹Age of Reason⏹Age of Enlightenment⏹Age of Neo-classicism⏹Age of Prose⏹ 1. Historical background:⏹ A comparatively peaceful period in which English capitalism gained rapid development;⏹Politically----The two parties;----newspapers and Journals⏹Economically----The Industrial Revolution, the completion of the EnclosureMovement;⏹Intellectually----The Enlightenment;(1) Newton’s scientific discovery and the philosophy of John Locke affected people’s thinking of the world.(2)Reason rather than superstition dominated.⏹English literature was influenced by French enlighteners and ancient Roman writers.⏹Neo-classicism was the leading literary trend in early 18th century.⏹Enlightenment⏹ a progressive intellectual movement (mainly philosophical and artistic movement)⏹Originated in France:⏹It grows out of the Renaissance and continues until the 19th century. Its purpose wasto enlighten the whole world with the light of modern philosophical and artistic ideas (So literature during this period is heavily didactic and moralizing).⏹The enlighteners celebrated reason, equality and science. They called for a reference toorder, reason & rules and advocated universal education, believing that the best way to improve human society is to educate the people, to use critical reason to free them of false beliefs, prejudice, superstitions, misunderstandings (They optimistically believed that humanity could improve itself by applying logic and reason to all things).①Nature: On the whole an expression of the bourgeoisie against feudalism. The enlighteners fought against class inequality, stagnation, prejudices and other survivals of feudalism.②They thought science was to answer the actual needs and requirements of the people and they intended to reform social life according to a more reasonable principle.③Representatives: Famous among the greatenlighteners in England were those great writers like Joseph Addison and Richard Steele, the essayists; Alexander Pope, the poet.⏹These writers in their works criticized different aspects of contemporary England,discussed social problems, and even touched upon morality and private conduct.⏹In religion: secular; Deism: the universe is set in motion by a God as a self-regulatingmechanism; everything was operated according to natural laws, which could be understood by the human mind.⏹In art and literature: neo-classicism great respect for the classical artists. Harmony,proportion, balance and restraint⏹In economic thought: state inference did violate to the law of nature; favoredlaissez-faire policies.⏹2．An Overview of the 18th Century English Literature:⏹(1) Neo-classicism in poetry of Alexander Pope, a new prose literature in theessays of Addison and Steele⏹(2) The rise and growth of modern English novel---- the first realistic fiction of Defoe and Swift;---- the realistic novels of Richardson, Fielding and Smollett, of whom the last two made rather fierce attacks on the existing social conditions but still maintained sufficient faith in the eventual triumph of virtue over vice and in the final attainment somehow of social justice.⏹(3) The 18thC English Drama----R.B. Sheridan(1751-1816) and O. Goldsmith(1730-1774)⏹(4)The last decades, decline of the Enlightenment, the appearance of new literarytendencies of sentimentalism (representatives wrote for the poor though still in a classical style) and pre-romanticism.⏹ 3. Neo-classicism in Early 18th century⏹In the field of literature, the Enlightenment Movement brought about a revival ofinterest in the old classical works. This tendency is known as neoclassicism.⏹According to the neoclassicists, all forms of literature were to be modeled after theclassical works of the ancient Greek & Roman writers (Homer, Virgil, & so on)& those of the contemporary French ones.⏹They believed that the artistic ideals should be order, logic, restrained emotion &accuracy, and that literature should be judged in terms of its service to humanity. This belief led them to seek proportion, unity, harmony & grace in literary expressions, in an effort to delight, instruct & correct human beings. Thus, a polite, urbane, witty, & intellectual art developed.⏹⏹Features of Neoclassical Literature⏹①witty, intellectual and restrained: order, logic, restrained emotion and accuracy⏹②polished form---- almost every genre of literature should have some fixed laws &rules.⏹(Rhymed couplets instead of blank verse, the 3 unities of time, place, and action,regularity in construction, the presentation of types rather than individuals—these were some of standards the classicists required of drama. Poetry should be lyrical, epic, didactic, satiric or dramatic. Prose should be precise, direct, smooth, and flexible. )⏹③didactic and satirical; writer had the duty to educate as well as entertain people(middle class), satire being an effective means of correcting people’s folly andweaknesses.⏹④city life and man-made object preferred; city life gave a sense of order while ruralwild life, natural landscape were coarse, chaotic and disorderly.⏹Representativesof Neoclassical Literature⏹Joseph Addison and Richard Steele —Famous essayists⏹The major representative of neoclassical poetry is Alexander Pope.⏹ 3.1 Alexander Pope (1688-1744):⏹having great influence on the18th century poetry, a man of extraordinary wit andextensive learning, one of the fore-most satirists in world literature as well as a great poet.⏹He used heroic couplet with exceptional brilliance and made it popular (five-footiambic rhymed in couplets).⏹Literary ideas-----Pope strongly advocated Neoclassicism, emphasizing that literaryworks should be judged by classical rule of order, reason, logic, restrained emotion, good taste and decorum.⏹His language style---- a satiric, concise, smooth, graceful &well-balanced style. Hewrote witty & polished verses ridiculing the behavior of his day.⏹Major works①Essay on Criticism---- a long didactic poem;Pope made his name as a great poet with the publication of an Essay on Criticism in 1711.“ A little learning is a dangerous thing”“To err is human, to forgive, divine.”②The Rape of the Lock---- A delightful burlesque of epic poetry, ridiculing the manners of the English nobility;③Dunciad----- a scathing attack on dullness & pedantry in literature;④Essay on Man-----brilliantly expressing the philosophical trends & concepts of his age. Translations⏹ 3.2 Periodical Literature in Early 18th-Centruy England: Addison and Steele⏹Joseph Addison and Richard Steele —Famous essayists, the publishers of a moralisticpaper The Spectator. The latter also started his paper The Tatler in 1709.⏹Their essays and stories gave a great push to the development of the 18th centurynovel.•Literature in the 18th Century (II)(1688-1798)•Lecture Outline•I. Neo-classicism in Early 18th century1.1 Introduction1.2 Features of Neoclassical Literature1.3 Representatives•II. Modern English novel1.1 Definition1.2 Representatives• 1.1 Introduction to Neo-classicism•In the field of literature, the Enlightenment Movement brought about a revival of interest in the old classical works. This tendency is known as neoclassicism. (在文学领域，启蒙主义运动使人们重新对古典时代的著作产生兴趣。
上外英国文学史笔记表格版,蛮清晰的。好不容易才找到的哦,赶快分享吧。
英国文学Part 1. Old and medievalBeowulf 贝尔武甫(the national epic of the English people) stricking feature: alliteration, metaphors and understatements.William Langland 威廉。
兰格伦Piers the Plowman耕者皮尔斯Geoffrey Chaucer杰佛利·乔叟1340-1400长诗：The House of Fame声誉之堂;Troilus and Criseyde特罗勒斯与克丽西德小说：Canterbury Tales坎特伯雷故事集----英国文学史上现实主义第一部杰作（他是最早有人文主义思想的作家，现实主义文学的奠基人）his contribution to English poetry: introduced from france the rhymed couplet of 5 accents in iambic meter (the heroic couplet), is the first great poet who wrote in the English language. Who making the dialect of London the standard for the modern English speech.Part 2. The English renaissanceThomas More托马斯。
莫尔Utopia乌托邦Philip Sidney菲力普。
锡德尼Astrophel and Stella Apology for Poetry诗辩Edmond Spenser埃德蒙。
斯宾塞The Faerie Queene 仙后The Shepherds’s Calender 牧羊人日历Francis Bacon培根1561-1626Advancement of Learning学术的进展;Novum Organum新工具;New Atlantic新大西岛;Essays论文集（Of Studies论学习;Of Wisdom for a Man’s Self）The founder of English materialist philosophyChristopher Marlowe克里斯托夫。
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杰弗雷·乔叟
(1343-1400)
“father of English poetry”;
One of the greatest narrative poets ofEngland
narrative poetry
(with realistic images)
☆The Canterbury Tales《坎特伯雷故事》
English Literature
Age
Writer
Status
Form & Style
Work
（“___”表重要性，“☆”表课本选文）
The
Middle
Ages
中世纪时期
(5thcentury
–
15thcentury)
The Anglo-Saxon Period
(449-1066)
/
/
epic
☆Beowulf《贝奥武夫》
A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning,
Sonnet: Death Be Not Proud
John Milton
约翰·弥尔顿
(1608-1674)
/
poetry(verse novel)
☆ParadiseLost《失乐园》（与荷马的《荷马史诗》、但丁的《神曲》并称为西方三大诗歌）(verse novel)
☆She Dwelt among the Untrodden Ways
☆I Travelled among Unknown Men
☆I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud
☆Sonnet: Composed uponWestminsterBridge, September 3, 1802
/
/
popularballads
☆Robin Hood and Allin-a-Dale
/
/
☆Get up and Bar the Door
/
/
☆Sir Patrick Spens
The Renaissance
文艺复兴
(14thcentury – 17thcentury)
William Shakespeare
Paradise Regain《复乐园》
Samson Agonistes《力士参孙》
☆On His Blindness
☆On His Deceased Wife
John Bunyan
约翰·班扬
(1628-1688)
/
☆The Pilgrim’s Progress《天路历程》
The Age of Enlightenment
St Patrick’s Day
The Duenna
☆The School for Scandal《造谣学校》
The Critic
Pizarrol
William Blake
威廉·布莱克
(1757-1827)
The most independent and the most original romantic poet of the 18thcentury.
☆JohnAnderson, My Jo
☆A Red, Red Rose
☆To a Mouse
☆Auld Lang Syne
The Romantic Period
浪漫主义时期
(1798 – 1832)
(Lyrical Ballads
–
Walter Scott’s death)
William Wordsworth
☆Sonnet:London, 1802
☆The Solitary Reaper
George Gordon, Lord Byron
乔治·戈登·拜伦
(1788-1824)
poetry, verse novel
☆When We Two Part
☆She Walks in Beauty
☆Sonnet on Chillon
Essays(literary);
Maxims of the Law andReadingon the Statute of Uses(professional);
☆Of Truth
☆Of Studies
The Period of Revolution and Restoration
资本主义革命及王政复辟时期
TheDesertedVillage(poem)
Richard Brinsley Sheridan
理查德·布林斯利·谢里丹
(1751-1816)
playwright (dramatist)
社会风俗喜剧作家
play(drama)
The Rivals (comedy)
A Trip to Scarborough
☆Sonnet 29
☆Sonnet 106(heroic couplet, iambic pentameter)
Francis Bacon
弗朗西斯·培根
(1561-1626)
/
philosophical, literary, andprofessional works,
essay;
realism
The Advancementof Learning, The Novum Organum, DrAugmentisScientiarrum(philosophical);
与法国的《罗兰之歌》、德国的《尼伯龙根之歌》并称为欧洲文学的三大英雄史诗。
The Anglo-NormanPeriod
(1066-1350)
/
/
alliterative verseArthurian romance
☆Sir Gawain and the Green Knight《高文爵士与绿衣骑士》
4 tragedies:☆The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince ofDenmark(the summit of Shakespeare’s art); Othello, the Moor of Venice; King Lear; The Tragedy of Macbeth
☆Sonn Roger at Church
☆Sir Roger at the Assizes
Henry Fielding
亨利·菲尔丁
(1707-1754)
The greatest novelist of the 18thcentury, and one of the greatest thatEnglandever produced
☆Don Juan《唐璜》(verse novel)
☆Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage: A Romaunt
ChildeHarold’s Pilgrimage《恰尔德·哈洛尔德游记》(verse novel)
Percy Bysshe Shelley
珀西·比希·雪莱
(1792-1822)
☆The Vicar ofWakefield(novel)
She Stoops to Conquer (comedy)
The Good-Natured Man (comedy)
The Citizen of the World (a series of essays)
The Traveller (poem)
(17thcentury)
John Donne
约翰·邓恩
(1572-1631)
开创玄学派诗歌
metaphysical poetry;
“conceit”;
realism, cynicism
Songs and Sonnets《歌与十四行诗》
☆Song(“Go and catch a falling star”),
poetry
The Necessity of Athesim(article)
An Address to the Irish People
Queen Mab(narrative poem)
Alastor/The Spirit of Solitude
Loan and Cythna
The Revolt of Islam
Thomas Gray
托马斯·格雷
(1716-1771)
The most scholarly and well-balanced of all the early romantic poets
poetry
☆Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard《墓畔挽歌》(the best known poem in the English language)
The greatest of Scottish poets.
William Blake and Robert Burns represented the spirit ofPre-romanticism.
poetry
Poems Chiefly in Scottish Dialect
☆My heart’s in the Highlands
启蒙运动时期
(17thcentury- 18thcentury)
Daniel Defoe
丹尼尔·笛福
(1660-1731)
novel;
realism
☆Robinson Crusoe《鲁宾逊漂流记》
Jonathan Swift
乔纳森·斯威夫特
(1667-1745)
prose satirist
prose, novel;
菲尔丁和丹尼尔·笛福、塞缪尔·理查逊并称为英国现代小说的三大奠基人。