Unemployment Issues & Concer
unemployment
by: Molly
• Type• Measurements
Types of unemployment • Frictional unemployment 短期失业 • Structural unemployment 结构失业 • Classical unemployment 古典失业 • Cyclical unemployment 循环性失业 • Voluntary unemployment & Involuntary unemployment
Voluntary unemployment & Involuntary unemployment
• Much or most of frictional unemployment is voluntary, since it reflects individual search behavior. • On the other hand, cyclical unemployment, structural unemployment, and classical unemployment are largely involuntary unemployment.
Causes
• economic conditions changes, such as price control policies and inflation通货膨胀. • education & technology • the individual job choices and the jobs provi ded are not matched
make a good preparation strenthen our specific skills
unemployment英文作文
unemployment英文作文I have seen firsthand the impact of unemployment on individuals and families. 。
英文：Unemployment is a major issue that affects many people around the world. It can be a devastating experience for individuals and their families. When someone loses their job, it not only affects their financial stability, but it also takes a toll on their mental and emotional well-being. The stress and anxiety of not knowing how to make ends meet can be overwhelming. I remember a friend of mine who was laid off from his job a few years ago. He had worked at the company for over a decade and suddenly found himself without a source of income. It was a difficult time for him and his family. He struggled to find another job and had to take on odd jobs to make ends meet. The uncertainty of his situation took a toll on his mental health and he went through a period of depression.中文：失业对个人和家庭都会产生巨大影响。
失业 Unemployment 外国学生英语作文
Unemployment> Unemployment Essay:Unemployment Essay is an important topic for students to comprehend due to its implications on the economy and society. Unemployment can be defined as a condition where individuals do not have a job and are available for work during the said period. Today, unemployment has many causes – from the introduction of new technologies and innovations to markets and regulation.and many moreUnemployment Essay in IndiaNonetheless, unemployment is bad for economic growth in the long term. Moreover, at the individual level, unemployment has the potential to erode self-esteem. It can also result in failure to meet the various financial obligations of the individual – such as payment of mortgage or rent.Consequently, this can lead to eviction of the individual and his family or other drastic repercussions. From an academic perspective, Unemployment Essay is an important topic and students have to practice thoroughly.Unemployment Essay 300 WordsWhat is Unemployment?According to the Bureau of Labour Statistics (BLS), a person is said to be unemployed when they do not have a job, though they have actively looked for work in the last four weeks. Moreover, these individuals were temporarily laid off and are waiting to be called back to that job However, the exact definition may vary.For instance, not all people who are jobless are considered unemployed. Some leave the job market as they are retired, have kids, acquiredisabilities or other responsibilities that stop them from working.What are the Causes of Unemployment?Unemployment has many causes, the most prominent ones are:Displacement of jobs as a result of new technologies or innovationsRecessionCompetitionGovernment policiesMarkets and regulationCurrently, the coronavirus outbreak has slowed down the economy and threats millions with unemployment What are the Implications of Unemployment?Prolonged unemployment causes economic inequality. In the long run, unemployment also has the potential to slow down economic progress. It can drive people to poverty and also directly contribute to increased crime rates. On an individual level, unemployment can erode morale and self-esteem.Moreover, individuals cannot meet their financial obligations, which can result in drastic repercussions such as foreclosure or eviction. Unemployment can also affect the physical and mental health of an individual –it can increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases, depression, anxiety and other illnesses. In some individuals, unemployment can result in addiction to stimulants and drugs. It can also encourage a latent and sedentary lifestyle, which drastically increases the risk of diseases such as diabetes and blood pressure.Unemployment may be unavoidable. Some economists also believe that unemployment has some “benefits” –the primary benefit being the pool of individuals readily available for hire. It has also been speculated that unemployment averts inflation – by providing a reserve of labour, thereby keeping wages in check.Resolutions and InitiativesIndia provides unemployment allowances for citizens under certain ages (30 for men and 35 for women). However, their total family income must be less than INR 2,00,000 to be eligible for this scheme.Other measures include programs such as Nehru Rozgar Yojana, Integrated Rural Development Programme and the Prime Minister’s Integrated Urban Poverty Eradication Program.Conclusion on Unemployment EssayTrue full-employment is an ideal benchmark but is mostly unachievable in the real world due to the ever-changing political and economic landscapes. However, trying to refresh and update our skills is one effective way of safeguarding our jobs.Unemployment Essay 200 WordsUnemployment is a serious issue that plagues not only India but the whole world. The global population has grown rapidly in the last few decades, however, there are not enough jobs to provide employment opportunities to all.What is the Meaning of Unemployment?Unemployment is a situation where individuals do not have a job though they have actively searched for it in the recent past. It can also refer to individuals who were laid off and are waiting to be called back to their job.Types of UnemploymentUnemployment can be classified into many types:Casual UnemploymentChronic UnemploymentCyclic UnemploymentDisguised UnemploymentEducated UnemploymentFrictional UnemploymentOpen UnemploymentSeasonal UnemploymentStructural UnemploymentTechnological UnemploymentUnderemployment Causes of UnemploymentUnemployment is caused due to many reasons. In most cases, seasonal occupation and slow economic growth are the most common causes of unemployment. Other causes include:New process/technologyVast populationRequired skills by the employers are not present in the candidatesRecessionsGlobal conflict/ other crisis Unemployment ConsequencesUnemployment has many consequences –it can affect the economy and growth of a nation. At the individual level, it can cause so many problems from financial crises to physiological and psychological problems. It can also leadindividuals to a life of crime as they have no other source of income.Conclusion on Unemployment EssayThe problem of unemployment is widespread, however, it can be curbed by resolving other underlying problems such as a population and skill gap.FAQ’s on Unemployment EssayQuestion 1.What is unemployment?Answer:Unemployment can be defined as a condition where individuals do not have a job and are available for work during the said period.Question 2.What are the causes of unemployment?Answer:Unemployment results from the following factors:Inventions and technological innovationsRecessionCompetition due to globalizationDisruptive policiesChanging markets and regulationGlobal crisis (such as conflict, war, pandemics) Question 3.How does unemployment affect individuals?Answer:Unemployment can bring down the morale and self-esteem of individuals. It can also causesome individuals to pursue unlawful activities to make ends meet.。
关于unemployment的英语作文
The Challenge of Unemployment: A GlobalPerspectiveUnemployment, a pervasive issue affecting both developing and developed nations, poses a significant challenge to individuals, families, and communities. Therise in unemployment rates can have devastating consequences, leading to economic instability, social unrest, and a decrease in overall well-being. In this essay, we will explore the root causes of unemployment, its impact on individuals and society, and potential solutions to address this pressing issue.The causes of unemployment are multifaceted and vary from region to region. Some of the primary reasons include economic downturns, technological advancements, and changes in labor market dynamics. Economic downturns, such as recessions and depressions, lead to a decrease in demandfor goods and services, resulting in fewer job opportunities. Technological advancements, while driving economic growth, can also lead to job displacement as machines and automation replace human labor. Changes inlabor market dynamics, such as the shift from traditionalindustries to emerging sectors, can create a mismatch between job seekers and available positions.The impact of unemployment is profound and far-reaching. Individuals who are unemployed may experience financial hardship, loss of income, and diminished self-esteem. Unemployment can also have a negative impact on families, leading to increased stress and strain on relationships. At the societal level, unemployment can lead to increasedcrime rates, social unrest, and a decrease in overall economic growth.To address the issue of unemployment, a multi-faceted approach is needed. Governments can play a crucial role by investing in job creation programs, providing training and skills development opportunities, and implementing policies that promote economic growth. Private sector companies can also contribute by creating more job opportunities,investing in employee training and development, and promoting a culture of inclusivity and diversity.Individuals can also take steps to address unemployment by enhancing their skills and qualifications. This can be achieved through education, training, and lifelong learning.By acquiring new skills and knowledge, individuals can increase their employability and competitiveness in the job market.In conclusion, unemployment remains a significant challenge that requires a concerted effort from all stakeholders. By understanding the root causes of unemployment, its impact on individuals and society, and implementing effective solutions, we can create a more inclusive and prosperous future for all.**失业的挑战：全球视角**失业，一个影响发展中国家和发达国家的问题，对个人、家庭和社会构成了巨大的挑战。
青少年失业TeenageUnemployment
青少年失业TeenageUnemployment 在现代社会中，青少年失业已成为一个严峻的问题。
青少年失业不仅对他们个人的发展产生负面影响，还对整个社会造成了一定的冲击。
本文将探讨青少年失业的原因、影响以及可能的解决方案。
一、失业原因1.1 教育体制问题当前教育体制注重理论知识的传授，而忽视实践能力的培养。
这使得很多青少年缺乏实际操作技能，在就业市场上失去竞争力。
1.2 经济结构调整经济结构的调整导致了一些传统产业的就业机会减少，而新兴行业对于经验丰富的劳动力更有需求。
青少年缺乏经验，很难在这些新兴行业中找到工作机会。
1.3 就业歧视在招聘过程中，很多雇主更倾向于雇佣有经验的成年员工，而对于缺乏经验的青少年持怀疑态度。
这使得青少年在求职过程中遭受到就业歧视。
二、失业的影响2.1 经济影响由于失业，青少年无法通过工作获得稳定的收入，经济负担加重，家庭生活受到影响。
此外，青少年失业也会对国家经济造成一定的负担。
2.2 社会影响失业青少年容易产生挫败感和自卑感，心理压力增加，从而可能引发各种社会问题，如犯罪、上瘾等。
三、解决方案3.1 加强教育改革教育改革应注重培养学生的实践能力，鼓励学生参与各种实践活动，以增加他们的就业竞争力。
3.2 政府扶持计划政府应采取措施支持青少年就业，例如提供专门的劳动力培训计划、引导企业招收青少年员工等。
3.3 鼓励企业招聘青少年政府可以通过减税等方式鼓励企业雇佣青少年，为他们提供更多的就业机会。
3.4 引导家长指导孩子选择合适的职业家长在孩子选择职业的过程中扮演着重要角色，他们应该帮助孩子了解不同职业的需求和发展潜力，并根据孩子的兴趣和能力来进行指导。
结论青少年失业是一个复杂的问题，但通过教育改革、政府扶持计划、企业鼓励就业以及家长的引导，我们可以缓解这个问题，为青少年创造更多就业机会，促进他们的个人发展和社会进步。
失业 Unemployment
基于对调查问题的回答，劳工统计局将每 个成年人归入三种类型之一： Based on the answers to the survey y questions, the BLS places each adult into one of three categories:
失业是如何衡量的？ How is Unemployment Measured?
失业是如何衡量的？ How is Unemployment Measured?
失业率按劳动力中失业者的百分 比来计算。 The unemployment rate is calculated as the percentage of the labor force that is unemployed.
What problems arise in interpreting the unemployment data?
失业者没有工作的时间一般是多长？
How long are the unemployed typically without work?
7
8
失业是如何衡量的？ How is Unemployment Measured?
5
周期性失业指的是失业围绕其自然失业率的 逐年波动。 y unemployment p y refers to the y year-toCyclical year fluctuations in unemployment around its natural rate. 它和经济周期的短期上升和下降相联系。 It is associated with short-term ups and downs of the business cycle.
(4) UNEMPLOYMENT(2014-2015-1)
表4-1 1987年欧洲几个主要国家根据两种方法获得的失业率 1987年欧洲几个主要国家根据两种方法获得的失业率
How is Unemployment Measured?
The BLS considers a person an adult if he or she is over 16 years old.
How is Unemployment Measured?
A person is considered employed if he or she has spent most of the previous week working at a paid job.
Labor force Labor - force participat ion rate = 100 Adult population
LaborLabor -Force Experiences of Various Demographic Groups (1998) Demographic Group Adults (20+) White, male White, female Black, male Black, female Teenagers (16-19) White, male White, female Black, male Black, female Unemployment Rate 3.2 3.4 7.4 7.9 14.1 10.9 30.1 25.3 Labor-Force Participation Rate 77.2 59.7 72.5 64.8 56.6 55.4 40.7 42.5
unemployment英语作文
unemployment英语作文英文回答：Unemployment is a prevalent issue that affects individuals, families, and entire economies. It occurs when people who are actively seeking work are unable to find suitable employment. There are various factors that contribute to unemployment, including economic downturns, technological advancements, and changes in industry demand.Individuals who experience unemployment often face significant financial and emotional challenges. They may lose income, struggle to pay bills, and experience a decline in their overall well-being. Unemployment can also lead to social isolation and a loss of self-esteem.From an economic perspective, unemployment has negative consequences for both individuals and society as a whole.It can reduce consumer spending, lead to a decrease in tax revenue, and hinder economic growth. Additionally,unemployment can strain social welfare systems and increase the risk of social unrest.Addressing unemployment requires a comprehensive approach that involves governments, businesses, and individuals. Governments can implement policies tostimulate economic growth, provide job training programs, and support workers who have lost their jobs. Businessescan invest in job creation and provide opportunities for career development. Individuals can enhance their skillsand qualifications to make themselves more competitive in the job market.中文回答：失业是一个普遍存在的问题，它会影响个人、家庭和整个经济。
《The Problems of Unemployment》高考优秀英语作文
《The Problems of Unemployment》高考优秀英语作文The issue of unemployment has become a grave concern around the world, especially in developing countries. A large number of people are suffering from extreme poverty and food insecurity due to long-term joblessness. This not only affects those individuals and their families but also leave a larger economic and social impact on the entire country.To tackle this problem, governments need to make sure that there is ample employment for everyone who needs it. They should invest in infrastructure and industries, create new jobs and enhance training programs. Additionally, they should also provide financial assistance to help those affected by unemployment. Furthermore, it is important that there is equal access to education, especially higher education. This will enable people to prepare themselves better for the job market and increase their chances of gainful employment. Moreover, they should also address the issue of wage disparity so that lower-end jobs pay a livable wage.Finally, businesses play an important role in helping to reduce unemployment. By creating more job opportunities, providing skill training and investing in new technologies, companies can create a larger pool of potential employees for all sectors of the economy. In conclusion, unemployment is a global phenomenon with serious consequences on an individual and social level. Governments, businesses and individuals each have a role to play in addressing this issue. With these measures, we can work together to ensure that every person has a chance to achieve their full potential.。
就业问题 英语作文
就业问题英语作文Title: Addressing Unemployment: A Global Perspective。
Unemployment remains a pressing issue across the globe, impacting individuals, families, and entire economies. In this essay, we'll explore the causes of unemployment and propose effective strategies to tackle this challenge.Understanding the Causes。
Unemployment stems from various factors, including economic fluctuations, technological advancements, globalization, and structural mismatches in the labor market. Economic downturns, such as recessions or financial crises, often result in layoffs and downsizing as businesses struggle to maintain profitability. Additionally, the rapid pace of technological innovation has led to automation, displacing many traditional jobs and requiring new skills that some workers may lack.Globalization has also reshaped the labor market, with companies outsourcing jobs to countries with lower labor costs. While this may benefit corporations, it can lead to job losses in higher-wage countries. Furthermore,structural mismatches occur when there's a disconnect between the skills demanded by employers and those possessed by job seekers.Effective Strategies to Combat Unemployment。
unemployment 阅读理解
主题：失业问题的阅读理解1. 了解失业率的定义失业率是指在劳动芳龄人口中，具备劳动能力但无法找到工作的人数占总劳动芳龄人口的比例。
失业率是衡量一个国家经济状况的重要指标之一，也是评估就业市场状况的重要依据。
2. 探讨失业问题的原因失业问题的根源可以追溯到多个因素：经济变动、技术发展、政府政策、人口结构等。
经济不景气导致企业裁员，技术更新换代导致部分人员技能落后，政府政策调整导致某些行业就业机会减少，人口结构变化导致劳动力供需不平衡等都是导致失业率上升的原因。
3. 分析失业问题对个人和社会的影响失业对个人的影响包括生活质量下降、家庭关系紧张、身心健康受损等方面。
而对社会的影响包括社会治安恶化、社会福利负担加重、国家经济发展受阻等方面。
降低失业率、改善就业状况对个人和社会都具有重要意义。
4. 探讨降低失业率的措施针对失业问题，政府可以通过制定有利于就业的政策和措施，鼓励企业创造更多的就业岗位，提高劳动者的就业能力和竞争力，加强职业培训和再就业服务等方式来降低失业率。
个人也可以通过不断提升自己的技能和学历，主动适应就业市场的变化，提高自身的竞争力。
5. 结语失业问题是一个复杂的社会现象，对个人和社会都带来了不良影响。
了解失业率的定义和原因，分析其对个人和社会的影响，探讨降低失业率的措施，对于我们更好地理解和解决失业问题具有重要意义。
希望通过政府、企业和个人的共同努力，能够有效降低失业率，实现社会的全面发展和共同富裕。
6. 关注特定裙体的就业困境除了总体失业率的问题外，我们也需要关注特定裙体可能面临的就业困境。
比如青年人裙体，他们常常面临着学历与就业岗位不匹配、缺乏工作经验等问题；又比如残疾人裙体，他们由于身体条件的限制，可能面临更大的就业挑战。
对于这些特定裙体，社会应该加大关注力度，在政策制定和实施上给予更多的支持和帮助。
7. 探索新的就业机会和创业途径随着技术和经济的发展，新的就业机会和创业途径也在不断涌现。
unemployment英文作文
unemployment英文作文Unemployment is a tough situation. It can make you feel worthless and hopeless. You start to question your skills and abilities. It's a blow to your self-esteem.When you're unemployed, money becomes a constant source of stress. You worry about how you're going to pay thebills and put food on the table. It's a never-ending cycle of anxiety and fear.Finding a job is not easy. You send out countless resumes and cover letters, but often hear nothing back.It's a frustrating and demoralizing process. You start to wonder if you'll ever find a job again.The longer you're unemployed, the harder it becomes to explain the gap in your resume to potential employers. You fear being judged and overlooked because of your unemployment status. It's a constant battle to prove your worth.Unemployment can also take a toll on your mental health. It's easy to fall into a state of depression and hopelessness. You feel like you're stuck in a never-ending rut with no way out.Despite the challenges, being unemployed can also be an opportunity for growth. It forces you to reevaluate your goals and priorities. It can push you to pursue new career paths and opportunities you may not have considered before.Ultimately, unemployment is a difficult experience that can test your resilience and perseverance. It's importantto stay positive and keep pushing forward, even when itfeels like the odds are stacked against you.。
大学英语专业翻译练习题
大学英语专业翻译练习题汉译英翻译训练1. 翻译的定义翻译是指把一种语言文字的意义转换成另一种语言文字。
简言之，翻译是一种用不同的语言文字将原文作者的意思准确地再现出来的艺术。
从以上翻译定义我们知道，原文的思想必须尽可能得到保持，不可有所增删。
译者的任务只是转换文字而不是改变其意思。
因此，翻译有两种要素：准确性与表达性。
准确性是翻译的首要条件。
译者必须谨慎地遵循原作者的意思，所选用的字词和句式结构必须如实地传达出原文的思想。
表达性是让译文易于理解。
换言之，译者必须用自己的手段尽可能地将原文的思想清楚而有力地表达出来。
准确性使译出的思想明确无误，而表达性则使译文生动，具有魅力。
焦点问题：词语的选择参考译文：Definition of TranslationTranslation means the conversion of an expression from one language into another. To say it plainly, translation is an art to reproduce the exact idea of the author by means of a language different from the original. From the above definition of translation we know that the original thought of the expression must be kept as far as possible. Nothing should be added to or taken away from the original work. The duty of the translator is simply to change the vocabulary, not the thought. In translation therefore, there are two essential elements: accuracy and expressiveness. Accuracy is the first indispensable quality of translation. The translator must cautiously stick to the author’s idea. Words selected and sentences constructed must be such as to convey the exact original thought. Expressiveness is to make the translationreadily understood. In other words, the translator must express the author’s idea as clearly and as forcibly as he can by the medium he employs. Accuracy is to make the thought definite and exact; while expressiveness is to make the translation vivid and attractive.2.文化的交流当今的世界，既非丝绸之路时代，亦非马可.波罗时代。
人工智能失业问题英语作文
人工智能失业问题英语作文Artificial Intelligence and the Unemployment ChallengeThe rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have brought about significant changes in the job market, raising concerns about the impact on employment. As AI-powered technologies continue to automate various tasks and processes, the fear of widespread job displacement has become a pressing issue. This essay will explore the potential consequences of AI-driven unemployment and examine potential solutions to mitigate the negative impact on the workforce.One of the primary concerns regarding AI and unemployment is the displacement of human workers in a wide range of industries. AI-powered automation has the potential to replace routine and repetitive tasks, which were traditionally performed by human employees. From manufacturing to customer service, AI-driven automation can streamline operations, increase efficiency, and reduce the need for manual labor. This shift has led to the fear that many jobs will become obsolete, leaving a significant portion of the workforce without employment.The impact of AI-driven unemployment is not limited to low-skilledor manual labor positions. Even highly skilled professions, such as legal, financial, and medical services, are susceptible to the influence of AI. AI-powered algorithms can analyze data, make predictions, and assist in decision-making processes, potentially reducing the need for human expertise in certain areas. This has raised concerns about the future of these high-skilled occupations and the potential for widespread job displacement.Moreover, the effects of AI-driven unemployment can have far-reaching consequences on the broader economy. As more individuals lose their jobs, the demand for goods and services may decline, leading to a slowdown in economic growth. This, in turn, can result in a decrease in tax revenue, which can strain government resources and limit the ability to provide social safety nets and support programs for the unemployed.To address the challenge of AI-driven unemployment, a multifaceted approach is necessary. One potential solution is to invest in education and skills development programs that prepare the workforce for the changing job market. By equipping individuals with the necessary skills to adapt to the evolving technological landscape, the impact of AI-driven job displacement can be mitigated. This may involve retraining programs, lifelong learning initiatives, and a greater emphasis on STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) education.Another strategy is to encourage the development of new industries and job opportunities that complement the capabilities of AI. As AI-powered technologies automate certain tasks, there may be opportunities to create new roles that leverage human creativity, problem-solving, and emotional intelligence. This could include positions in fields such as data analysis, AI development, user experience design, and social services.Governments and policymakers also have a crucial role to play in addressing the issue of AI-driven unemployment. They can implement policies that incentivize businesses to retrain and retain displaced workers, rather than simply replacing them with AI-powered solutions. Additionally, policies aimed at promoting the development of new industries and job opportunities can help mitigate the impact of AI-driven job losses.Furthermore, the concept of a universal basic income (UBI) has been proposed as a potential solution to address the challenges of AI-driven unemployment. A UBI would provide a guaranteed minimum income to all citizens, regardless of their employment status, to ensure a basic standard of living. While the feasibility and implementation of UBI are still being debated, it represents a potential safety net for individuals affected by AI-driven job displacement.In conclusion, the impact of artificial intelligence on employment is a complex and multifaceted issue that requires a comprehensive and collaborative approach. By investing in education and skills development, encouraging the creation of new job opportunities, and implementing effective policies, the negative consequences ofAI-driven unemployment can be mitigated. As AI continues to evolve, it is crucial that we proactively address this challenge to ensure a more equitable and sustainable future for all.。
大学英语作文：Unemployment-失业问题,Unemployment-失业问题范文
大学英语作文：Unemployment-失业问题,Unemploymen大学英语作文：Unemployment-失业问题,Unemployment-失业问题范文无论是在学校还是在社会中，大家都有写作文的经历，对作文很是熟悉吧，写作文是培养人们的观察力、联想力、想象力、思考力和记忆力的`重要手段。
还是对作文一筹莫展吗？以下是小编为大家整理的大学英语作文：Unemployment-失业问题,Unemployment-失业问题范文，希望能够帮助到大家。
in our country, the word unemployment was seldom heard seweral years ago. but now, more and more people around us have lost their jobs. many young people, including lots of college graduates, are fired or have to stay at home. obviously, unemployment is becoming a serious social problem.what on earth is the reason for such a situation? on one hand, it is because of the conomic condition. recently, our country, has undergone great economic reforms. in order to improve the efficiency, many state-owned enterprises have to fire a large number of their employees. on the other hand, with the rapid development of science and technology, mechanical automaton is more and more widely used in the modem production. but the popalation of our country, keeps increasing at the same time. many people want jobs while factories need fewer workers. unfortunately, it seems that the contradiction will last for a long period of time.its quite necessary to solve this problem, because it will strongly influence the development of our society. from my point of view, we shouldnt only stay at home and wait for a chance. as long as you have a strong will, you are sure to get success.。
学术英语(社科)Unit3三单元原文及翻译
UNIT 3 Unemployment1. Losing a job can be the most distressing economic event in a person’s life. Most people rely on their labor earnings to maintain their standard of living, and many people get from their work not only income but also a sense of personal accomplishment.A job loss means a lower living standard in the present, anxiety about the future, and reducedself-esteem. It is not surprising, therefore, that politicians campaigning for office often speak about how their proposed policies will help create jobs.失去一份工作可能是最痛苦的经济事件在一个人的生活。
大多数人们依靠自己的劳动收入来维持他们的生活标准,许多人会从他们的工作得到的不仅是收入，还有自己的成就感。
一个失去工作意味着现在要定一个更低的生活标准,焦虑未来,并丧失自尊心。
这并不奇怪,因此,政治家竞选办公室经常谈论他们所提出的政策将帮助创造就业机会。
4.In judging how serious the problem of unemployment is, one question to consider is whether unemployment is typically a short-term or long-term condition. If unemployment is short-term, one might conclude that it is not a big problem. Workers may require a few weeks between jobs to find the openings that best suit their tastes and skills. Yet if unemployment is long-term, one might conclude that it is a serious problem. Workers unemployed for many months are more likely to suffer economic and psychological hardship.判断失业问题有多么严重时，其中一个问题就是要考虑是否失业通常是一个短期或长期的条件。
unemployment英语作文
unemployment英语作文{z}Title: Unemployment - A Challenge of Modern TimesUnemployment, a word that sends shivers down the spines of job seekers and economists alike, has become a significant issue in many parts of the world.It is a situation where individuals who are actively seeking employment are unable to find work.This essay will discuss the causes and consequences of unemployment, as well as possible solutions to this pressing problem.There are several factors that contribute to the high rates of unemployment.One of the primary causes is the rapid technological advancements that have led to automation and the replacement of human labor with machines.This has resulted in a reduced demand for manual labor, particularly in industries such as manufacturing.Furthermore, globalization has allowed companies to outsource jobs to countries with cheaper labor, leading to job losses in the home country.Another factor contributing to unemployment is the economic downturn.During a recession, businesses may struggle to stay afloat, resulting in layoffs and a decrease in new hiring.This is further exacerbated by the high levels of debt that many countries are currently facing, which limits their ability to invest in infrastructure and create new jobs.Unemployment has serious consequences for both individuals and society as a whole.For those who are unemployed, it can lead to a loss of self-esteem, mental health issues, and financial hardship.It can also result in a skills gap, as individuals may become outdated in a rapidly changing job market.On a broader scale, unemployment can lead to social unrest, increased crime rates, and a decrease in overall economic productivity.Despite the challenges posed by unemployment, there are several potential solutions to address the ernments can implement policies that promote economic growth, such as investing in infrastructure projects and providing incentives for businesses to hire new employees.Additionally, there should be a focus on education and vocational training to ensure that individuals have the necessary skills to compete in the job market.In conclusion, unemployment is a complex issue that requires a multifaceted approach to address its root causes and mitigate its negative consequences.By implementing effective policies and investing in human capital, we can work towards a future where unemployment is reduced, and individuals have access to meaningful employment.。
就业难英语作文四级
就业难英语作文四级Title: The Challenge of Unemployment: A Perspective and Solutions。
Unemployment is a pressing issue that affects individuals and societies worldwide. In recent years, the difficulty of finding employment has become particularly pronounced, posing significant challenges for both individuals and governments. In this essay, I will explore the underlying causes of unemployment and propose potential solutions to address this issue.One of the primary reasons for the difficulty infinding employment is the mismatch between the skills possessed by job seekers and the skills demanded by employers. Rapid technological advancements and changes in the global economy have led to the emergence of new industries and the obsolescence of traditional ones. Consequently, many individuals find themselves lacking the necessary skills to compete in today's job market.Moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the problem of unemployment by causing widespread economic disruption. Lockdowns and social distancing measures have forced many businesses to shut down or scale back their operations, leading to mass layoffs and a decrease in job opportunities. Additionally, the shift towards remote work has further altered the dynamics of the job market, with certain industries experiencing a surge in demand for remote-friendly skills while others struggle to adapt.Furthermore, structural issues within the labor market, such as discrimination, inequality, and insufficient social safety nets, contribute to the challenge of unemployment. Marginalized groups, including women, minorities, and individuals with disabilities, often face systemic barriers that limit their access to employment opportunities. Additionally, the lack of adequate support systems for unemployed individuals, such as unemployment benefits and job training programs, hinders their ability to re-enter the workforce.To address the issue of unemployment, a multi-faceted approach is needed, encompassing both short-term interventions and long-term strategies. In the short term, governments can implement stimulus packages and job creation programs to stimulate economic growth and create new employment opportunities. This could involve investing in infrastructure projects, green energy initiatives, and other sectors with high potential for job creation.Furthermore, targeted support programs should be established to assist marginalized groups and individuals facing barriers to employment. This could include providing access to affordable childcare, vocational training, and job placement services. Additionally, measures should be taken to combat discrimination and promote diversity and inclusion in the workplace, ensuring equal opportunitiesfor all members of society.In the long term, efforts should be made to reform education and training systems to better align with the needs of the labor market. This could involve expanding access to vocational education and lifelong learningopportunities, as well as promoting STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) education to equip individuals with the skills needed for the jobs of the future.Furthermore, governments should work to create a more flexible and adaptive regulatory environment that encourages innovation and entrepreneurship. This could involve reducing bureaucratic barriers to starting and scaling businesses, as well as providing incentives for companies to invest in research and development.In conclusion, the challenge of unemployment is a complex and multifaceted issue that requires comprehensive solutions. By addressing the underlying causes of unemployment and implementing targeted interventions, governments can help create a more inclusive and equitable labor market where all individuals have the opportunity to fulfill their potential.。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
• It overstates unemployment
• Includes moral hazard effect to collect benefits.
A tale of 2 surveys – can’t we just all get along?
• Household survey – 60,000 HH per month, yields Ur. • Payroll survey – 390,000 firms per month, yields jobs. • BLS adjusts the HH survey to “better match” payroll data. • But, Ur is most widely watched indicator. • Issue: Ur is too discretionary & unreliable:
Unemployment: Issues & Concerns
Dr. D. Foster – Spring 2014 – ECO 285
• Due to government policies.
• Examples: Min. wage, Housing regs., ObamaCare
• May work the other way: Airline deregulation in 1980 boosted employment about 50% soon thereafter.
• Based on HH survey versus payroll survey.
• Builds in assumptions about motivation.
• Even with adjustments, est. rate from 3% to 22%!!!
Unemployment Types:
Unemployment: Issues & Concerns
Dr. D. Foster – Spring 2014 – ECO 285
What is Ur? The BLS reports 6 measures.
But, the various series do move together. So, while we can’t say what Ur is, we seem to be able to say whether it is going up or going down.
But … what exactly is a “discouraged” worker?
Our economic core – the private sector
Jan. 1949 to Jan. 2014
Interpreting the Ur rate.
• It understates unemployment
137.5
132.5 From Jan. 2001 to Jan. 2014, jobs are up 5 million … but population is up 35 million!!!
Shadow stats – add in long term discouraged workers with U-6…
The Usual Suspects
• Frictional Unemployment
• People between jobs (quit, fired, new entrants, reentrants) • Normal and necessary (!)
• Most unemployed find jobs quickly.
Moral Hazard & unemployment insurance.
Moral Hazard: One party to a contract changes their behavior that adversely affects the other party. Examples: •Ben Roethlisberger signs a big contract and then rides a motorcycle without a helmet. •A bank makes a home loan to someone working who then quits. •AIG buys lots of sub-prime home loans because they know that they are “too big to fail.” •Depositors flock to Lincoln S&L to earn high rates of interest on sketchy loans because of the FDIC.
Unemployment Types:
Special Cases
• Seasonal Unemployment
• Examples: Snowbowl, Agriculture … • Data adjusts for seasonal variation.
• Induced Unemployment
• “affected by assumptions regarding the character, motives or incentives facing the unemployed.” • Furor “over the extension of unemployment benefits … has derailed discussion of policies aimed at direct job creation.”
Moral Hazard & unemployment insurance.
• UI benefits had been limited to 26 weeks. • Benefits extended 2008-2009 to 99 weeks. • San Francisco Fed chart showing % of labor force unemployed for 6 months or longer: • Big jump in long term Ur with this extension. • Moral hazard? • 2014 – efforts to extend by 3 months fails.
• Structural Unemployment
• Permanent job loss (technological change, trade effects) • Economic growth exacerbates this.
• Cyclical Unemployment
• Temporary unemployment due to recession. • Generally, the focal point of government fiscal policy.