自考英语二讲义0804 - 360文档中心

自考《英语二》讲义

自考《英语二》讲义自考“英语（二）”完整讲义讲义一T ext A What Is a Decision ？I.课文内容简介决策的目的是制定和实现组织目标。

作决策的原因是有问题存在、目标和目的不正确、或者有某种东西防碍目标或目的的实现。

作决策的过程对管理人员来说至关重要。

决策者必须具备从多个可供选择的可能性中确定最佳选择的手段。

而多种目标的顺序和重要性也部分地基于决策者的价值观。

今天所作的决策可能会对将来产生深远的影响。

因此，有经验的管理者能从当前决策看到将来的效果。

II.New WordsOrganizational a. 组织上的goal n. 目的，目标objective n./ a. 目标，目的/客观的，真实的Accomplish vt. 完成（任务等）predict vt./vi. 预言；预示accompany vt. 伴随，陪同Implement vt. 实现；完成Constraint n. 强制；强制因素precedent n. 先例，前例Simplify vt. 简化tendency n. 趋势，倾向Managerial a. 经理的，管理人的maker n. 制造者；制造商Achievement n. 完成，达到attain vt. 达到；完成optimal a. 最适宜的，最理想的suboptimization n. 局部最优化trade-off n. 权衡；物物交换argue vt./vi. 争辩，争论budget n./vt. 预算scheme n./vt.把… 编入预算define vt. 解释，给…下定义Multiple a./n.多样的，复合的/倍数Profitability n. 赚钱，获利correctness n. 正确，正确性unintended a. 非计划中的，非故意的ongoing a. 进行中的，非故意的entity n. 存在，实体Skilled a. 熟练的；有技能的in the way 挡路、碍事to make a guess at 猜测and the like 等等，诸如此类to seek to 追求，争取in part 部分地，在某种程度上point of view 观点词汇精讲1.goal n. 目标，进球，球门（同义词：aim ，end ，purpose，objective）Her goal is a place at university . 她的目标是在大学任教。

全国高等教育自学考试英语(二)辅导讲义

全国高等教育自学考试英语（二）北京航空航天大学主要内容•试卷分析和最新出题思路•重点语法•备考要诀及学习方法最新英语（二）试卷主观题统计数据考题满分平均分•单词拼写10 2.48•词形填空10 2.17•汉译英15 5.53•英译汉15 10.75•总分50 20.93最新出题思路（1）与课文的关系往年与课文有关的大题：第一、第四、第五和第六大题近年与课文有关的大题：第四和第六大题建议：熟读课文，掌握课文中的大纲词汇，特别留意课文中体现重点语法和经典句型的句子。

(2) 与课文无关的大题：第二、第三、第七大题。

文章选材：主要涉及社会文化、风俗习惯、教育、历史、和生活常识等内容。

建议：广泛阅读此类题材的文章，最好是中英文对照版本。

推荐杂志：《英语沙龙》，《大学英语》，《英语学习》。

每道题的考点：第一题：词汇语法题主要考点：定语从句、名词性从句的引导词；状语从句的连接词；词汇辨析；固定搭配；常用句型。

近年来词汇题比重增加。

建议：通过学习教材上下册，熟练掌握基本语法，背熟大纲词汇，加强同义词、近义词、和形似词的比较，牢记固定搭配。

历年试题举例：1. At the end of 1994 the British government introduced new measures to help____domestic workers from abuse by their employers.[A] protect [B] suspect [C] expect [D]inspect Ａ2. I’m wondering why he hasn’t turned ___ at the meeting.[A] down [B] up [C] out [D] over Ｂ3. By using both ears one can tell the direction ___ a soundcomes.[A] in which [B] from which[C] over which[D] with which Ｂ第二题：完型填空题主要考点：除了第一大题已提到的考点外，还注重考察介词、连词、副词、代词等虚词的用法。

自考《英语二》内容串讲备考资料

英语二内容串讲阅读三重境界＊彻底糊涂：细节＊彻底明白：细节+主旨＊似懂非懂：翻译阅读四项能力词能、句能、篇能、考能词能第一一、五个猜词绝招1.利用上下文确定词义例1：He is successful as a businessman because of his dynamic personality. He seems to have unlimited energy.例2：Sociology is the term used to describe the scientific study of human society.例3：A first year college or university student is commonly a 'freshman', and 'sophomore', 'junior' and 'senior' designate the second—third—and fourth—year student.例4：The tired soldiers trudged through knee deep mud for hours before they found a dry place to sleep.2.利用构词法确定词义例1：Many cancers have been arrested with the use of chemotherapy.例2：They overestimate the interviewee's ability and asked too many difficult questions.例3：The murderer had developed a poison which could not be tasted or smelled when mixed with food. Because it was imperceptible, he was able to murder a number of people without being caught.3.利用语法知识确定词义例1：For their fishing and hunting the men used a kayak, a small boat for one person.例2：A solar eclipse—when the moon passes between the Earth and the sun—in an unusual and interesting phenomenon that occurs rarely.例3：Ventilation, as we know, is a system or means of providing fresh air. It plays a very important part in the field of engineering.例4：The modern age of medicine began with the stethoscope, an instrument for listening to a patient's heartbeat and breathing.4.根据同义、反义关系确定词义表示反义的信号词：in contrast, on the other hand, rather than, however, yet, although, while, unlike, but, whereas, as opposed to……例1：My sister Mane is an optimist, while her boyfriend is one who is always gloomy and expects the worst to happen.例2：Sally liked to concoct all sorts of stories, but her mother always knew when she was lying.例3：A gorilla always makes me think of the word aloof—not friendly, of distance from others.5. 利用逻辑推理和常识确定词义例1：Fishes live in water and have fins which help them to swim. Most fishes have slimy skins covered with scales, but in fishes such as eels the scales are very small and can hardly be seen.例2：Not wanting to disturb the sleeping kitten, I gingerly lifted her from the box and put her on a blanket near the heater.二、词的构成：常见的前缀和后缀前缀：改变词义，不改变词性后缀：改变词性，不改变词义前缀：en-/em-；否定前缀；后缀：名词后缀；形容词后缀；动词后缀；副词后缀前缀en-, em- “使…”enable v. 使能够eg: The pass enables me to travel half-price on trains.我用这张通行证坐火车半价。

自考《英语二》讲义总结大纲

英语（二）学习是一种信仰英语（二）讲义【00015】【内部资料】课程介绍一、课程性质英语（二）是高等教育自学考试各专业（英语专业除外）本科阶段的公共基础课。

三、本资料介绍针对英语（二）试题中第一题到第四题，本资料给出对应的解题技巧及真题举例；第五题和第六题主要涉及到英语语法，本资料将近5 年真题涉及到的语法知识进行总结，详细解释并举对应的真题为例；针对第七题作文部分，本资料给出写作模板及参考例文。

如果您能认真阅读本资料并掌握其中的解题技巧和语法知识，那么您一定能顺利通过考试！目录第一部分语法知识 (4)第一单元名词形容词副词介词 (4)第一章名词 (4)第二章形容词 (5)第三章副词 (8)第四章介词 (10)第二单元谓语动词 (11)第一章系动词 (12)第二章情态动词 (12)第三章时态 (13)第四章英语语态 (16)第三单元非谓语动词 (17)第一章动词不定式 (18)第二章分词 (19)第四单元从句 (21)第一章名词性从句 (21)第二章形容词从句（定语从句） (21)第三章副词从句（状语从句） (21)第五单元并列结构 (22)第二部分应对技巧 (24)第一章阅读判断 (24)第二章阅读选择 (28)第三章概括段落大意和补全句子 (33)第四章填句补文 (36)第五章填词补文 (38)第六章完形补文 (40)第七章短文写作 (41)一、概念第一部分语法知识第一单元名词形容词副词介词第一章名词名词表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。

如：person，phone，China，time二、用法1.名词作主语和宾语。

●Knowledge is power. （知识就是力量。

）●I love English. （我喜欢英语。

)2.名词可以作定语修饰名词①作定语的名词往往是说明其中名词的材料、用途、时间、地点、内容、类别等②被修饰的名词变复数时，一般情况下，作定语用的名词不需要变为复数形式。

● a diamond ring(一枚钻戒)●orange juice(橙汁)●English lessons(英语课)3.名词分为可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词出现时，要么是复数名词，要么前面加限定词，如冠词（a、an 或 the），不可数名词永远是单数形式。

（完整版）自考英语二重点讲解复习资料

（完整版）自考英语二重点讲解复习资料自考英语二重点讲解复习资料自考英语二复习资料第一章重点单词扩充讲解：1. organizational: a 组织上的由此我们可以联想到：organize: v 组织； organization: n 组织；organizer: n 组织者请看下列习题，选择该组词里恰当的词填空：1). Last week, our school ________ a spring outing. 2). The task calls for the high est _________ skill. 3). China has joined World Trade __________. 4). He is the _ _________ of the speech contest.Answers: organized, organizational, Organization, organizer 2. objective: n 目标； a 客观的，反义词subjective: 主观的 3. predict: v 预言、预示；由此我们可以联想到：prediction: n 预言； predictable: a 可预测的； predictor: n 预言家 4. simplify: v 简化由此我们可以联想到：simple: a 简单的； simply: ad 简单地，仅仅地； simplification: n 简化； simplified: a 被简化的。

Exercises for the above words:1). The machine is _____ in operation but complex in structure.2). Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet in the original is beyond our capacity while ___ _ edition is quite easy.3). There is no point in arguing about it, because it is _______a question of proced ure. 4). The ______ of working process freed the workers fro heavy labor. Answer s: simple; simplified; simply; simplification5. tendency: n 趋势、倾向；tend : v 倾向于…，tend to do sth e.g. old people have the tendency ofgetting fatter. Or old peop le tend to get fatter. 6. managerial: a 经理的、经营上的；由此我们可以联想到：manage: v管理、经营； management: n; manager: n 经营者，管理者； manageable: a 可管理的、可经营的。

【免费下载】自考英语二第四单元讲义

Unit 4 Text AWords:interview n. 面谈v.进行面试，采访interviewer n.采访者interviewee n.被采访者crawl vi.爬行, 蠕动, 徐徐行进n.爬行, 蠕动, 缓慢的行进wheel vt.& vi 推动，拉动cart n.小车，手推车checkout n.付款台express adj.急速的, 特殊的, 明确的n.快车, 快递, 专使vt.表达, 表示project n.计划, 方案, 事业, 企业, 工程v.设计, 计划, 投射, 放映, 射出, 发射(导弹等), 凸出promotion n.促进, 发扬, 提升, 提拔, 晋升 promote v.促进，增进；提升hostility n.敌意, 恶意, 不友善, 敌对, 对抗, 反对 hostile a.敌对的risk n危险，风险take a risk 冒险 at the risk of doing sth.冒着做某事的危险 risk v.使遭受···的危险immune a. 有免疫的，不受影响的，豁免的 immunity n.免疫力，抵抗力They are always so rude that I’ve almost become immune to it.behavioral a.行为的 behave v.举动，表现 behavior n.行为stock n.积蓄，储蓄，贮藏quotient n.商数，商mistreat vt.不公平地对待，虐待inconvenience n.不便，麻烦，困难 inconvenient a. 不便的 convenience n. convenient a. insult n.侮辱，凌辱 v.侮辱，冒犯avoid vt.避免, 消除 avoid doing sth.flutter vt.vi 扑动，无规律地跳Dead leaves fluttered slowly to the ground in the wind.deserve vt.vi 应受···之优/虐待The proposals deserve serious consideration.release n.释放;流露;让渡, 豁免, 发行的书, 释放证书vt.释放, 解放, 放弃, 让与, 免除, 发表dodge vt.vi.闪避，躲闪 n.诡计 make a dodge 躲闪避开genetics n.遗传学，发生学upbringing n.儿童期的训练和教育justify v.证明...是正当的 be justified 有道理的，正当的get the best of 获胜，得意take a breath 呼吸，喘口气lose one’s temper 生气，发脾气take stock of 对···进行评价、评估和鉴定hold in 抑制calm down 安静，稳定，沉着well up 涌现，涌出She felt that tears welled up in her eyes.to the point 切题，切中要害（与of连用）达到···程度set off 使···爆发，引爆put···into motion 使···运行，详述impose on 强加···与某人dwell on 细思，详述Don’t dwell on the past. Try and be more positive.keep track of 跟上···的进程或发展，与···保持接触Don’t Let Anger Get the Best of You 别让怒火击溃你You’re late for a job interview when traffic slows to a crawl．交通阻塞，车辆缓慢地爬行，你因此而面试迟到；In the supermarket，a customer wheeling a full cart cuts ahead of you in the express checkout line．超市里你排在快速结账口，有个推着满满一车货物的顾客正好插在你前头；You spend months on a project，and your lazy colleague gets the promotion．为一个项目，你耗费了几个月的心血，而结果你那懒惰的同事得到了提升。

完整版自考英语二重点班讲义01--15

完整版讲义---华夏大地自考高伟老师主讲，真的很MAN！！第一单元知识点的回顾Text A1.choose----choice：词型转换经常考，同时注意该词的过去式和过去完成式。

2.★available:这个词考的频率很高。

换句话说，如果在答案中出现了该词，从词义上应该给予其优先考虑。

这个词出现的句子中经常会同时出现ticket, food, book等。

3.decide----decision，注意词性上的变化。

4.purpose:这个词一旦出现，它既可以考本词的意思，也可以考后面的谓语动词的形式，记住：凡是出现purpose, aim, objective, plan，dream, goal等有含有目的性的词，后面的谓语动词一定是to do的形式，同时关注这些词是否为复数形式，如果是，谓语动词一定是复数的。

5.achieve----achievement，注意词型上转换。

6.★in the way:妨碍，挡路，阻碍。

区别in a way：从某种程度上。

★on theway (to)在去…路上(★on the way home)和by the way：顺便说一句。

7.★★involve----involve ment(in)：注意词型转换，词义及介词搭配。

8.★consider----consideration。

注意词型上的转换，同时牢记take intoconsideration(account)，如果单独考本词，后面的动词一定是+ing形式(动名词)，但注意主动和被动含义上的区别。

9.make a guess at:注意固定习语的搭配。

10.certain----certainly----★certainty----★★uncertainty：注意词性和词义上的转换。

11.risk:注意后面接ing的动名词形式。

12. sometimes…;at other times…:注意前后句型上的搭配，很有可能在完型里考。

自考《英语（二）》串讲资料（二）

2. ⾮谓语动词动词主要时态和语态⼀览表⾮谓语动词形式意义现在分词⼀般式 doing 主动，正在进⾏被动式 being done 被动，正在进⾏完成主动式 having done 主动，已经完成完成被动式 having been done 被动，已经完成过去分词 done 被动，已经完成动词不定式⼀般式 to do 主动，将要进⾏被动式 to be done 被动，将要进⾏完成主动式 to have done 主动，已经完成进⾏主动式 to be doing 主动，正在进⾏⾮谓语动词作状语？动词不定式：1）⽬的状语；2）结果状语 e.g. I came here to meet you. （⽬的） He hurried to the rail station only to miss the train. （结果）？分词：1）伴随状语；2）原因状语；3）条件状语 4）让步状语；5）时间状语 e.g. Walking along the street， he met his old friend. （时间） Being very tired， my father didn‘t go out with us. （原因） Made by hand， the silk shirt is very expensive. （原因） Seen from the space， the earth looks like a blue ball. （条件）⾮谓语动词，状语从句和独⽴结构？ Having done their homework， the children began to play. （分词作状语）？ After having done their homework， the children began to play. （连词+分词）？ After they had done their homework， the children began to play. （状语从句）？ With homework done， the children began to play. （独⽴结构）⾮谓语动词作定语？ If there is no choice， there is no decision ___ （make）。

(完整版)最新版自考英语二精讲讲义

(完整版)最新2013版自考英语二精讲讲义Unit 1—A Critical Reading（批判性阅读）1. critical adj. 有判断力的；判断公正（或审慎）的2。

non-fiction n. 纪实文学3. position n。

观点；态度；立场4。

statement n. 说明;说法；表态5. question v. 表示疑问;怀疑out of question / out of the question 毫无疑问 / 不可能的补： in charge 管理；掌管in the charge 由…负责；由…管理（被动）6。

evaluate v。

估计；评价;评估7。

context n. 事情发生的背景,环境，来龙去脉8. value n。

values ［pl.]是非标准；价值观valuableinvaluable=priceless 无价的;valueless = 无价值的9. represent v。

描述；表现representative adj。

/n.10。

assertion n。

明确肯定；断言11。

sufficient adj。

足够的；充足的sufficiencyinsufficient 不够的；不充分的 in—：否定前缀12。

statistic n. statistics ［pl.]统计数字；统计资料13. integrate v.（使)合并,成为一体14. authority n。

专家；学术权威；泰斗an/the authority on sth。

authorize15。

compare v. 比较；对比compare A with B 把A和B进行比较compare A to B 把A比成B。

（打比方）16. subject n. 主题；题目；题材17。

consistent adj. 相符的;符合的18. inconsistency n. 不一致19. assumption n。

(完整word版)自考英语(二)串讲讲义

自考《英语(二)》串讲第一部分：课程介绍一、课程的基本内容本课程在完成“英语（一）”课程内容基础上，培养学生掌握系统的英语语言知识，包括正确的英语语音知识、系统的英语语法知识和一定的词汇量（4500），并熟悉英语语言的表达方式.二、命题“英语（二）”命题按照标准化测试要求设计。

命题的广度和难度依据本大纲规定的知识范围和能力要求确定.部分命题素材取自《英语(二）自学教程》。

统考以阅读和写作为主，听、说不做统考要求。

考试题包括客观性试题和主观性试题，分别占卷面总分的55%和45％。

试卷由七部分组成，包括：阅读判断、阅读选择、概括段落大意和补全句子、填句补文、填词补文、完形补文以及短文写作。

现对试卷内容及结构分别说明如下：第一部分阅读判断该部分要求考生能够理解文中明确表达的概念或细节，推断隐含表达的内容，理解全文主旨和作者所持观点态度；能够根据上下文推测生词意义，理解句间关系和语篇结构。

该部分短文选自英语国家大众读物及旅游手册、操作说明等真实语料,根据语言难度作适当调整，对无法猜测而又影响理解的关键词,用汉语注明词义。

所选短文题材覆盖广泛，涉及叙述、说明、议论等不同体裁.该部分要求考生在读懂1篇350词左右短文的基础上，对给出的10个句子所表达的信息作出判断，有的信息是正确的，有的是错误的，有的文中没有提到。

该部分共10小题。

每小题1分，共计10分.特别提示：与以往《英语（二）》的阅读理解设题形式相比，该题更注重文章中的细节。

与四六级06年改革后的新题型中快速阅读的最初形式类似（Yes，No, Not given).第二部分阅读选择该部分要求考生：理解文章主旨和要义；把握文章的基本结构；理解文中说明要点的事实和细节；作出简单推理和判断；根据上下文推断生词的释义;领会作者的意图、观点和态度.该部分选用1篇长度350词左右的短文，题材包括人文、科技、经济、环境、卫生等热点话题，文中会适当给出个别生词的中文释义。

自考《英语二》内容串讲备考资料

英语二内容串讲阅读三重境界＊彻底糊涂：细节＊彻底明白：细节+主旨＊似懂非懂：翻译阅读四项能力词能、句能、篇能、考能词能第一一、五个猜词绝招1.利用上下文确定词义例1：He is successful as a businessman because of his dynamic personality. He seems to have unlimited energy.例2：Sociology is the term used to describe the scientific study of human society.例3：A first year college or university student is commonly a 'freshman', and 'sophomore', 'junior' and 'senior' designate the second—third—and fourth—year student.例4：The tired soldiers trudged through knee deep mud for hours before they found a dry place to sleep.2.利用构词法确定词义例1：Many cancers have been arrested with the use of chemotherapy.例2：They overestimate the interviewee's ability and asked too many difficult questions.例3：The murderer had developed a poison which could not be tasted or smelled when mixed with food. Because it was imperceptible, he was able to murder a number of people without being caught.3.利用语法知识确定词义例1：For their fishing and hunting the men used a kayak, a small boat for one person.例2：A solar eclipse—when the moon passes between the Earth and the sun—in an unusual and interesting phenomenon that occurs rarely.例3：Ventilation, as we know, is a system or means of providing fresh air. It plays a very important part in the field of engineering.例4：The modern age of medicine began with the stethoscope, an instrument for listening to a patient's heartbeat and breathing.4.根据同义、反义关系确定词义表示反义的信号词：in contrast, on the other hand, rather than, however, yet, although, while, unlike, but, whereas, as opposed to……例1：My sister Mane is an optimist, while her boyfriend is one who is always gloomy and expects the worst to happen.例2：Sally liked to concoct all sorts of stories, but her mother always knew when she was lying.例3：A gorilla always makes me think of the word aloof—not friendly, of distance from others.5. 利用逻辑推理和常识确定词义例1：Fishes live in water and have fins which help them to swim. Most fishes have slimy skins covered with scales, but in fishes such as eels the scales are very small and can hardly be seen.例2：Not wanting to disturb the sleeping kitten, I gingerly lifted her from the box and put her on a blanket near the heater.二、词的构成：常见的前缀和后缀前缀：改变词义，不改变词性后缀：改变词性，不改变词义前缀：en-/em-；否定前缀；后缀：名词后缀；形容词后缀；动词后缀；副词后缀前缀en-, em- “使…”enable v. 使能够eg: The pass enables me to travel half-price on trains.我用这张通行证坐火车半价。

自考《英语二》高频考点串讲汇总归纳复习资料PPT

creatively
前缀列表中，重点记忆构成否定的前缀 1．dis－加在名词、形容词，动词之前。 disadvantage（缺点）, dishonorable（不光彩的）, disagree（不同意） 2．in-加在形容词，名词之前 incorrect（不正确的），inability（无能，无力），inaccurate（不准确的） 3．im-加在字母 m,b,p 之前 impossible（不可能的），impolite（不礼貌的），impudence（厚颜无耻）
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6．-some 意为：像……一样的；引起……的；有……品质的（like； causing； having the quality of）例词：troublesome，burdensome， wholesome，tiresome，bothersome, awesome, handsome
自考《英语二》高频考点串讲汇总归纳复习资料
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目录
一、考什么二、考试题型三、如何备考四、学习方法讲解五、做题方法讲解（真题）
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一、考什么？
考试要求：
1. 较系统的英语语法知识； 2. 约3800个英语单词&约750个词组； 3. 一定的英语写作能力
重点：基本词汇和语法目的：培养阅读能力优势：没有听力
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11．-ous 意为：富含……的；有……品质的；像……的（full of；having the quality of；like）例词：glorious，erroneous，malicious，gracious
8．mis－加在动词、名词之前 misunderstand（误解），misjudge（误判），misleading（误导性的）， misfortune（不幸） , misbehave, misspell, mistaken, misprint

自考英语二串讲(珍藏版)(1)

• 例：___ we are, ___ we become.
A. the oldest; the wiser B. older; wiser
C. the older, the more wise D. the older; the wiser (D)
Unit 3
• 重点单词和短语
• deteriorate opposed to) accessible
• 参考资料：《英语（二）自学考试大纲》，全国高等教育自学考试指导委员会制订，高等教育出版社出版
第二讲重点知识讲解回顾
Unit 1
• 重点单词和短语
• objective accomplish predict accompany attain scheme skilled argue define
• 例：It is suggested that the meeting (should) be held (hold)at some other time.
• 3. … decision making includes limiting alternatives as well as identifying
• seek to do sth. in part point of view vary from…to … • 例：I hope my boy friend will be handsome, strong and ___ kind. (06-4)
A. above all B. in all C. at all D. after all
解析：动词let, make, have, hear, see, observe等词之后的宾语补足语为省略to 的不定式结构。
• 6. There is little likelihood that …

自考“英语（二）”完整讲义（80）

课⽂精讲 Controlling your concentration CONCENTARATION IS CENTERING YOUR ATTENTION Psychologically defined， concentration is the process of centering one‘ s attention over a period of time. In practical application， however， concentration is not as simple to deal successfully with as the definition may imply. For this reason， it is helpful to keep the following points in mind.⑴ 1.For this reason， it is helpful to keep the following points in mind. be helpful to …。

对… 很有益； keep …。

in mind 把… 记在⼼⾥；译⽂：因此，记住下列⼏点是很有帮助的。

Your attention span varies Even with the greatest effort， our span of attention fluctuates. You can demonstrate for yourself this fluctuation of attention. In a quiet room， place a watch so that it can just scarcely be heard. ⑵Listen carefully and notice how the ticking increases in apparent intensity， fades to a point where it cannot be heard， and then increases again.⑶ This phenomenon reveals how our span of attention fluctuates， for the intensity of the ticking is actually constant. 2.In a quiet room， place a watch so that it can just scarcely be heard. 该句主句是祈使句 place a watch so that 引导⽬的状语从句译⽂：在⼀个安静的房间⾥，放⼀块表，表的声⾳⼏乎刚刚能听见。

自考英语二第八单元讲义

Unit 8 Text Aeffective adj.有效的, 被实施的, 给人深刻印象, 有生力量 effectiveness n.stumble vt. vi.结结巴巴地说话，使困惑，蹒跚 stumble over 结结巴巴地说e.g. When she was asked to answer questions in class, she always stumbles over her words. moderate vt. vi. （使）缓和 a.中等的，适度的 moderator n.裁判者，主持人convince vt.使确信，使信服spoil vt.损坏，搞糟，扰乱e.g.The crops have been spoiled by the insects.confuse vt. 搞乱，使糊涂 confusion n.混乱，混淆You should avoid confusing friend with foe.suppose vt.推想, 假设, 猜想vi.料想conj.假使...结果会怎样summarize v.概述, 总结, 摘要而言 summary n.总结considerate adj.考虑周到的，体谅的，会照顾的Mary is very considerate of the poor.appreciate vt.赏识, 鉴赏, 感激vi.增值, 涨价e.g. We greatly appreciated your timely help when we were in trouble.thoughtfulness n.思虑，慎重 thoughtful a.认真思考的，想得周到的dramatic adj.戏剧性的, 生动的e.g. The meeting between the mother and her son was dramatic indeed.enjoyable a.令人愉快的，可享受的 enjoy v.喜欢，享受···的乐趣volunteer n.志愿者, 志愿兵adj.志愿的, 义务的, 无偿的v.自愿Many old people volunteer in community service and day care centres.call n.喊声, 叫声, 命令, 号召, 访问, 叫牌, 通话, 必要v.呼叫, 召集, 称呼, 认为, 命名, 打电话call upon 要求，号召；拜访cheer up 高兴起来put oneself in sb. else’s shoes 设身处地从别人的观点看问题in good taste a.得体的，大方的 be in bad taste 不得体的，不礼貌的focus on 集中cut in 插嘴，插入，把···插入over someone’s head 超过某人的理解力come through 表明，显示，经历，脱险How to Give a Good Speech 怎样做好演讲(We are all called upon to make a speech at some point in life，but most of us do not do a very good job．生活中我们都会有被邀请就某一问题做演讲的时候，但是大多数人都做得不很好。

自考“英语（二）”完整讲义（104）

4.to aim for：瞄准；以…为⽬标 We are aiming for a 50% share of the German market. 我们的⽬标是取得德国市场50%的份额。

She was aiming for a promotion. 她想获得提升。

课⽂精讲： Sacrificed to Science？ Professor Colin Blakemore works at Oxford University Medical School doing research into eye problems and believes that animal research has given humans many benefits：① 1.句中doing research into eye problems 是⼀个现在分词短语作状语，起补充说明的作⽤；believes 作works 的并列谓语；that 引导的从句作believe的宾语从句。

本句译⽂：“科林·布莱克默教授任职于⽜津⼤学医学院，正在对眼睛疾病进⾏研究，他认为，⽤动物进⾏研究给⼈带来了很多好处。

” The use of animals has been central to the development of anaesthetics， vaccines and treatments for diabetes，cancer， developmental disorders……most of the major medical advances have been based on a background of animal research and development. There are those who think the tests are simply unnecessary. The International Association Against Painful Experiments on Animals is an organization that promotes the use of alternative methods of research which do not make animals suffer. Their spokesman Colin Smith says： make animals suffer 中的“suffer”是其实是不带“to”的不定式，是不定式作宾补的结构。