人教高中英语必修4unit2Grammar

合集下载

[高中英语]人教新课标英语必修四Unit 2 Working the land教案

Unit2 Working the landVocabulary and Useful ExpressionsStep1.重点难点1. In many ways, he is one of them, and he struggled for the past five decades to help them.In a way; in one way; in some ways 在某种程度上2．However, he cares little about spending the money on himself or leading a comfortable life.care v. 在乎,在意,喜欢,有兴趣spend sth. … on … 在某方面花费spend … (in) doing sth. 花费…做某事3．Wishing for nothing, however, costs nothing.wishing for nothing 动名词短语做主语,谓语动词用单数.however是插入语,表示语气的一种转折.4．It also refers to crops growing with natural rather than chemical fertilizers.refer to 与…有关,关系到某人、某事；提到,涉及；参考5．Instead, organic farmers insist on changing crops every two or three years.insist on 坚持要求；insist后面可以跟从句,其中谓语动词常用should + 动词原形构成6．Dr. Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could fees more people.with the hope of 带着某种希望7．He used to walk to his fields twice a day, but now he prefers to ride his motorcycle.used to 过去常常（现在已经不是如此）be used to doing 意思是“习惯于”prefer to do (rather than do) 相比之下更喜欢做某事8．But whatever they grow they make sure that what is left in the ground after harvesting becomes a natural fertilizer for the next year’s crop.whatever引导让步状语从句,表示“无论怎样”,相当于no matter what.Eg: Whatever you do, don’t give up.Step 2．功能句型建议（Suggestion & advice）I would rather … I don’t like … because …I’d prefer … because … It’s a great pity that …Should we/I …? It’s better to …If I h ave a choice I’d choose … because … You need to …May I suggest …? Let me suggest … because …Perhaps we should suggest … because … But what/how about …?Step 3. 重点单词及短语单词①hunger n. 饥饿,食欲；v. 渴望得到某事物,某人hunger for/after sth./sb.②struggle vi.stuggle with sb. 与某人争斗,搏斗struggle (against/with sb./sth.)struggle against/with sb./sth. (for sth.) 争斗,拼搏,奋斗,努力③expand vi. (使某事物)变大,增强,伸展,张开expand on sth. 阐述或详述expansion n. 扩大,扩展,膨胀④equip vt.equip sb./sth. (with sth.) 配备,装备equipment n. 设备,装备⑤export vt. 输出；n. 出口业,出口品import vt. 进口⑥circulate vi. vt. 使某物循环,流通,传播；vt. 发侧知告知某人circulation n. 循环,流传,传播⑦confuse vt. 把某人弄糊涂,使为难,打乱confusion n. 混乱,混淆⑧reduce vt. 缩减,减小,降低reduction n. 减少,缩小⑨supply vt. 供给,供应,满足；n. 供应,供给之物⑩exchange vt. 交换,交易；n. 交换,更换,互访,交流exhange sth. with sth.exchangeable adj. 可交换的,可退换的,可兑换的短语rid … of 清除,摆脱be satisfied with = be contented 感到满足,满意的would rather do sth. 宁可做某事refer to 与…有关,关系到某人,某事,提到,参考search for 寻找,搜寻thanks to 多亏,由于rather than 而不,宁愿…而不Unit2 Working the landWarming Up, Pre-reading and Reading Period 1 Warming up and pre-reading.Step 1 Lead-in.Poem By Li ShenFarmers weeding at noon,Sweat down the field soon.Who knows food on a tray,Due to their toiling day.Then let one student recite the poem in Chinese.Step 2 Warming up by questioningHello, everyone. We shall read about man who works the land today. Have you ever grown any plants? If not, what kind of plant would you like to grow? How will you grow it?(For reference: Mr. Li, I worked with my father in the rice field last year. We grow hybrid rice and use animal wastes to make the soil rich.)Has anyone of you ever been to the countryside? What did you do there?(For reference: I went to Chuankou the day before yesterday. It is a small mountain village 75 li north of Beijing. I went there to visit my uncle’s family. I like that small beautiful village ve ry much. )Who are from a farmer’s family? What do you know about farming?Step 3 Pre-reading and talkingQuestioning and answeringRice is main food in South China. What do you think would happen if tomorrow there was suddenly no rice to eat?(For reference: Then the south people would have to change their eating habit. They could turn to potatoes, wheat flour, cow and sheep cheese, cabbage, onions and garlic for food. They are the bases of the traditional food in North China. )If you had the chance to do one thing to help end hunger in the world, what would you do?(For reference: I would try to end hunger by popularizing the advanced farming techniques.Modern techniques could be introduced to increase the rice output, and expand the area of fields.)Giving background information about Professor Yuan LongpingHave you ever heard of a man called Professor Yuan Longping? Would anyone of you tell the class something about him?(For reference: Professor Y uan Longping is a Chinese agricultural scientist. Professor Yuan's breakthrough scientific achievement led to the world's first successful and widely grown hybrid rice varieties, revolutionizing rice cultivation in China and tripling production over a generation. His approach to rice breeding then spread internationally throughout Asia and to Africa and the Americas, providing food for tens of millions and leading to his becoming known as the "Father of Hybrid Rice."Step 4. ReadingReading aloud to the recordingComprehension—understanding what you are reading—is important. To read in thought groups is an easy, yet effective, way of improving reading comprehension. Now turn to page 9 and read aloud to the recording of the text A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE. Pay attention to the thought groups in the sentences while listening and reading aloud.A brief introduction:Yuan Longping is known as China’s “father of hybrid rice”. It’s said that in China, we eat depending on “Two Ping” ---- Deng Xiaoping, who made the policy of System of Production Responsibility, & Yuan Longping, who invented hybrid rice.Yuan Longping, who was born in September, 1930, graduated from Agriculture Department in Southwest Agricultural Institute. He has been working on agriculture education & the research into hybrid rice since he left the institute.In the 1960s, when China was suffering from serious famine, he came up with the idea of hybrid rice, which has a high yield ( or output). Ten years later, he succeeded in inventing a new species that produced a 20 percent higher yield than common types of rice.Yuan devoted himself to the research into agriculture, & was honored by UNESCO & FAO(联合国教科文组织）. Although he is 74 years old, he is still working on the research into agriculture.Period 2 ReadingStep 1 Lead-in.. Listen to the tape carefully then answer these questions.1）When and who did become the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output?2）What did Yuan Longping invent?Step2. Read the passage once again,then find out these sentences true or false.1）Dr Yuan is more a farmer than a scientist.2 ）Dr Yuan’s kind of rice is the most suitable for China’s farmland.3）Dr Yuan would rather work than relax.4 ）Dr Yuan has dreams when he is asleep and also when he is awake.5 ）Dr Yuan enjoys a simpler life than most rich and famous people.Step3. Find out the topic sentences of each paragraphPara. 1: He became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.Para.2:He has devoted his life to finding ways to grow more and more rice..Para.3:He cares little about spending the money on himself and would rather keep time for his hobbies.Para.4 Dr. Yuan’s dreams.Step4. Write down Yuan Longping’s personal informationIn pairs, read the text, find information to complete the following form.Step 5 Language points:1. Struggle for…为争取……而斗争Struggle against…为反对……而斗争Struggle with… 与……争斗1）The swimmer struggled against the tide.2）We had to struggle with/against all kinds of difficulties.3）The slaves struggled for the freedom2. 使做…成为… make +it +adj./n. +to do好天气使游泳成为可能The fine weather makes it possible( for us )to swim.他将每早跑步做为一个规则He makes it a rule to run every morning.其他可用这种结构的词:feel, find, think, consider…3.搜查,搜索search (sb. / sth.) for …He searched all the rooms for the missing person.They searched the man all over for money.4.由于,多亏thanks to 相当于because of5.是从前两倍那么多twice as large as before相当于once larger than before6.对……感到满意be satisfied with…相当于be pleased withadj. satisfactory/satisfyingn. satisfaction7.在乎,在意care about比较care forMy aunt cared for me when my parents were away last week.Dr Yuan never cares about money and fame.8. Indeed, his sunburn face and arms and his slim, strong body are like those of millions of other Chinese farmers.e.g: The streets in Beijing are wider than those in my hometown.The number of students in our school is larger than that in their school.9. Dr Yuan grows what is called super hybrid rice.e.g: He came to what is called America.10. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one -third more of the crop in the same fields.e.g: That made it possible for life to begin to develop.The development of science makes it possible for us to know more about the universe.11. Dr Yuan awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice (that could feed more people).e.g: He went to the U.S with the hope of finding a better job there.Step 6Closing down by having a dictationTo end the peri od you will take a dictation. It is about Yuan Longping, “Father of Super hybrid rice”.Yuan Longping, China's Most Famous "Farmer"Yuan came up with the idea of hybridizing rice for the first time in the world in 1960s. Since then, 50 percent of China's total rice cultivation fields have grown such rice, which added some 300 billion kilograms to the country's grain output. Furrows grown on his sunburnt face, a slim figure and coiled-up trousers legs would confuse foreign reporters who came to interview themost famous scientist in China, who would rather be called “a farmer”. Indeed, like many Chinese farmers, Yuan in his 70s and has devoted most of his life growing rice in paddy fields, but unlike those farmers, he reaps the seed from experimental fields only for hybridizing rice.Unit2 Working the landListening, Speaking and WritingLearning AimsTo help students read the passage Organic Farming.To help students to use the language by reading, listening, speaking and writing.ProceduresI．Warming up by listening and reading aloudLanguage is created to be listened to and spoken first. So open your book to page 13 and read it aloud while listening to the recording. Watch your pauses between the thought groups.II. Guided reading1.Reading and translatingRead the text sentence by sentence, and put it into Chinese. Who will be the first to try. I will only have four of you to do this task..Reading and underliningNext you are to read and underline all the useful expressions or collocations in the passage. Copy them to your notebook after class as homework.2.Doing exercisesNow you are going to do exercises No. 1, 2 and 3 on page 14 following the article.3.ListeningFor listening turn to page 14 and then 15 for the listening exercises 1, 2 and 3. Are you ready?5. Reading, speaking and writingWhen trying to argue people into or out of doing something we may use the following expressions:In pairs you are to make up a dialogue to argue each other into or out adopting organic farming. I will argue with your monitor, Liang Bochao. Get started.III. Guided writing1.Writing a posterWriting a poster which includes all the information about the uses of computer so that you will encourage more farmers to buy and use. You are asked to base your poster on the overall pattern of the article you learned Organic Farming. Limit your poster to between 200 and 250 words.2.Writing a speechWrite a speech for Professor Yuan Longping. He is to attend an international conference on modern agriculture. You may also make use of the library and network resources for the task. IV. Further applyingFinding informationRead online to find as much information as possible about Professor Y uan Longping and his research group. Share your findings with you partner next time you are here.Writing a reportGo back home to interview your parents or your grandparents about China’s agriculture, its past and present situations. Write a report in English in about 500 words as a weekly project.Acting a text playTurn either one of the two articles into a text play. Rehearse it and play it in front of the class. The play shall last at least 10 minutes.IV. Closing downClosing down by filling a formTo end the period, please fill in the form below.Closing down by imagingImagine and write about what the agriculture will be like 50 years from now in the future. Use your imagination to compete for “wild thinking prize”.Unit2 Working the landGrammar and Useful StructuresLearning AimsTo help students learn about The –ing form as the Subject & Object.To help students discover and learn to use some useful words and expressions.To help students discover and learn to use some useful structures.ProceduresI. Warming upWarming up reading aloud the text A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLELanguage is learned in context. So let’s first review the text learne d yesterday by reading it aloud. Try to force out your English slowly and clearly.II. Discovering useful words and expressionsIn pairs do the exercises 1, 2 and 3 . You must finish them in 5 minutes.III. Learning about grammar1. Read and identifyRead the text about Yuan Longping again, paying attention to the sentences which use the –ing form as the subject and object.In the sentence “Wishing for things, however, cost nothing. “the –ing is used as subject.It can be also used as object of the sentence. For example: Yuan Longping likes playing his violin.2. Consolidating by do exercisesTo consolidate your understanding you will be given 10 minutes to go over exercises 1,2,3,4 and 5 on pages 12 and 13. You may just write on your text book. I mean the student’s book you are working by.III. Ready used materials for The –ing form as the Subject & Object)语法学习——动名词1. 动名词作主语1）名词直接放在句首作主语.例如：Using the right hand to shake hands is a convention in many countries.用右手握手是许多国家的一种习俗.2）动名词在“It is no use/ no good/ fun / a waste of time/ a good pleasure 等名词+ doing”结构中作主语,it为形式主语.例如：It is no good writing to him; he never answers letters.写信给他不妥,他从来不回信.It is no use your complaining; the company won’t do anything about it.抱怨是没有用的,公司是不会管的.3）动名词在“I t is useless/ nice/ good/ interesting/ worthwhile 等形容词+ doing”结构中作主语.例如：It is good playing chess after supper.晚饭后弈棋挺好.It is useless speaking.光说是没有用的.4）动名词在“There is(was) no + doing”结构中作主语.例如：There is no denying that she is very efficient.她效率高是不容否认的.There is no telling what he is going to do.他要做什么一点消息都没有.2. 动名词作宾语1）有些动词后面要求跟动名词作宾语.常这样用的动词有：admit 承认；excuse 原谅；postpone 拖延；anticipate 期望；fancy 想象practise 练习；appreciate 欣赏；finish 完成；prevent 防止；avoid 避免；forbid 禁止；propose 建议；consider 考虑；forgive 宽恕；recollect 回忆；delay 耽搁；imagine 想象；resent 厌恶；deny 否认；involve 涉及；resist 抵制；detest 厌恶；keep 保留；risk 冒险；dislike 讨厌；mind 在意；save 挽救；dread 害怕；miss 错过；suggest 建议；enjoy 喜欢；pardon 原谅；understand 理解；escape 逃避；permit 允许例如：I recommend buying the dictionary.我建议买这本词典.I don’t anticipate meeting any opposition.我估计不会遇到任何反对意见.Will you admit having broken the window?你承认不承认打破了窗户？2）有些动词短语后也要求跟动名词作宾语.常这样用的动词短语有：can’t stand 忍不住；can’t help 忍不住；feel like 想,欲；give up 放弃；put off 推迟例如：He put off making a decision till he had more information.在获得详情之前,他没有急于做出决定.Do you feel like taking a walk?你要不要去散步？3）动名词常跟在介词或介词短语后做宾语.常这样用的介词短语有：instead of, look forwardto, object to, keep on, see about, take to 等.例如：We are looking forward to coming to China.我们期待着来中国.We succeeded in getting over all the difficulties.我们终于克服了所有的困难.4）在“have difficulty (trouble, problem, a hard time, fun, a good time) (+in) + 动名词；be busy (in) + 动名词；waste time (in) + 动名词；lost time (in) + 动名词；There is no point (in) + 动名词”等结构中,动名词做介词宾语,in常要省去.例如：The children are busy doing their homework.孩子们忙于做作业.There is no point (in) making the simple experiments once again.再做一次这种简单的实验是毫无意义的.5）在复合宾语中,用it作形式宾语,将动名词短语放在后面.例如：I consider it a waste of time arguing about it.我认为辩论这事是很浪费时间的.6）在“there be”结构当中,be为动名词时,该结构也是一种带逻辑主语的动名词形式.例如：We can imagine there being a lot of fuss about it.我们可以想象到人们对此大惊小怪.Were you disappointed at there not having been more gifts?你对没有更多的礼物感到失望吗？3. 动名词的被动式1）动词need, require, want, deserve后,用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义.其用法相当于不定式的被动结构.例如：The watch needs repairing. (=The watch needs to be repaired.)这块表需要修理.The problem deserves thinking about. (=The problem deservers to be thought about.)这个问题值得考虑.2）在（be）worth后面只能用动名词的主动态来表示被动意义.例如：His suggestion is worth considering. 他的提议值得考虑.IV. Closing down by doing a quiz。

新人教版高中英语选择性必修四Unit2Iconic Attractions单元分析

单元分析单元主题：人与社会——标志性风物单元内容分析本单元的主题语境是人与社会，涉及的主题语境内容-标志性风物：包括澳大利亚的标志性景点（the Sydney Opera House等）；法国的埃菲尔铁塔；新西兰的标志性景点。

旨在让学生能熟悉本单元中的标志性风物；能够从不同的角度探究标志性风物的文化内涵。

本单元的另一个主题语境人与自然，旨在让学生在国际视野下，对比了解自己的家乡、城市和祖国有代表性的风物，如音乐、景观、民俗、建筑、风味等。

听说读写等活动主要是描述标志性动物，了解自然环境、自然遗产的保护。

第二篇阅读是通过作者描述的4种动物-kangaroo，koala，Tasmanian devil 和duck-billed platypus，让学生从文章中了解描述动物是从动物的居住环境、食物、长相、与其他动物的区别等方面来描述的，从而掌握如何写“描述中国的标志性动物”的文章，启发学生对家乡风物的观察，增强对祖国、对自己故乡风物的认同感，增强文化自信，增强对事物的认知、鉴赏能力。

以下为教材各部分教学内容简要分析及教学活动实施建议：1．Opening Page本单元围绕“标志性风物”的主题展开，以澳大利亚、新西兰两个国家中的风景名胜、特有的动物、特色食品、风俗人情为主要例子，穿插介绍了世界各地有历史积淀、特殊意义或现代特征的标志性风物。

从时间和空间两个维度培养学生的审美情趣和人文情怀。

单元主题图展示了澳大利亚著名的标志性建筑-悉尼歌剧院。

它坐落在悉尼港，其独特的风帆和贝壳造型出自丹麦建筑设计师约恩·乌松。

建成于1973年的悉尼歌剧院虽然历史并不悠久，但却成为少数被列入世界文化遗产的现当代建筑物。

这座极具代表性的建筑能让读者立刻想到澳大利亚。

主题图的设计能有效地帮助学生理解单元主题词iconic的含义。

当谈及一个国家或一座城市时，每个人心中对同一地方的具有代表性的事物可能会有不同的看法，但是这些事物一定是给人们留下深刻印象的东西，也通常是在大家眼里美好的东西。

人教课标版高中英语必修4 Unit2_Reading_重难点词汇详解

Unit2 Reading 重难点词汇详解1. struggle n. &vi. 斗争；拼搏；努力教材原文Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he has struggled for the past five decades. 的确，他那被太阳晒黑的脸庞和手臂以及他那瘦削而结实的身躯，就跟其他千百万中国农民一样，在过去50年里，他一直在努力帮助他们。

经典例句①After 6 years’ struggle, people in Wenchuan are living a normal life now.经过六年的努力，现在的汶川人民的生活步入了正轨。

②We've all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence. 我们都有过这样的经历：在电梯里，在银行排队，或者在飞机上，周围都是像我们一样深切专注智能手机的人，或者，更糟糕的是，在令人不安的沉默中挣扎。

③They had to struggle for their lives against weather and wild animals.为了生存，他们必须和天气和野兽做斗争。

④There were no signs of a struggle at the murder scene.凶杀现场没有搏斗痕迹。

人教版高中英语必修四unit2知识点归纳复习总结

人教版高中英语必修四Unit 2 Working the landSection A Warming Up, Pre-reading, Reading and Comprehending问题导学SummaryLanguage PointsI.重点单词1. struggle vt. & vi. 斗争；拼搏；努力；艰难地行进；吃力地进行n. 斗争；拼搏；努力; 困难拓展：①struggle for为……斗争②struggle against同……作斗争③struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来④struggle to do sth 努力去做某事⑤a struggle 一件难事”经典例句：①We must struggle with/against all kinds of difficulties.我们必须与各种困难作斗争。

②They are struggling for their freedom and equality.他们正在为自由和平等而奋斗。

③The old lady struggled to her feet in the end.最终，老太太挣扎着站起来了。

④Li Hua struggled for months to find a job as a typist but he had no luck.李华苦苦奋斗几个月想找一个打字员的工作，但是没有结果。

⑤Growing up has always been a struggle.成长总是艰苦的。

⑥The children made so much noise that I had to struggle to be heard.孩子们吵吵的太厉害了,我得尽力才能让他们能听到我说的话。

知识运用：①She is struggling (seize) the only chance to survive.②He was walking along the street when he saw a woman (struggle) with a large box.③They had to struggle their lives the weather and wild animals.④The poor girl has to struggle cancer.⑤It is （一件不容易的事）for Jack to get ready in such a short time. 【答案】①to seize②struggling ③for; against ④against/with ⑤a struggle2. hunger n. 饥饿；欲望vt. & vi. （使）饥饿拓展：①have a hunger for=be hungry for渴望得到②hunger for/after渴望得到③die of hunger 死于饥饿④hungry adj. 饥饿的⑤go hungry 挨饿经典例句：①Children have a strong hunger for knowledge.孩子们有强烈的求知欲。

人教高中英语必修4Unit2 独立主格结构 (共19张PPT)

独立主格结构”是由名词或代词作为逻辑主语，加上分词、形容词、副词、动词不定式或介词短语作为逻辑谓语构成。这种结构在形式上与主句没有关系，通常称为“独立主格结构”。
独立主格结构的特点：
☞没有连接词，独立主格部分用“ ，”与主句分开。 ☞两个句子分别有自己的主语和谓语，即独立主格结构的逻辑主语与主句的主语不同。
独立主格结构主要用于描绘性文字中，其作用相当于一个状语从句，常用来表示时间、原因、条件、行为方式或伴随情况等。例如：。
① 表示时间 ☞ The meeting being over, all of us went home. 开完会后我们都回家了。
the meeting being over 相当于 when the meeting was over
☞ Her work done, she sat down for a cup of tea. 她干完了活，坐下来喝茶。 her work done 相当于 when her work was done
② 表示条件 ☞ The condition being favorable, he may succeed. 若条件有利，他或许能成功。
要求：可以使用连词，请将句子合并为复合句。 ☞ Because it rained yesterday, I stayed at home.
要求：不适用连词，将两个句子合并为一个句子。 ☞ It raining, I stayed at home.
比较三句：
☞ It rain so/and I stayed at home. ☞ Because it rained yesterday, I stayed at home. ☞ It raining, I stayed at home.

英语人教版必修4课后习题：Unit 2Section ⅢGrammar含解析

SectionⅢGrammar课后篇巩固提升一、单句填空1.—Can I smoke here?’t allow anyone (smoke) here.答案to smoke2.—Robert is indeed a wise man.(not take) his advice!答案not taking’t imagine what difficulty we had (walk) home in the snowstorm.答案walking(shut) the door to the world.答案shutting5.I can’t stand (work) with Jane in the same office.She just refuses答案working;to stop(accept) the decision without consideration.答案accepting7.Tom often attempts to avoid (fine) whenever he breaks traffic答案being fined8.—What do you think made Mary so upset?—(lose) her new bike.答案Losing9.—What do you think of the book?(read) a second time.答案reading(clean).答案cleaning/to be cleaned(miss) being hit by the car on her way home.答案to miss12.It’s no use (look) forward to (hear) from her son,because he was答案looking;hearing(talk)with the little boy about the matter.答案talking(change) my job.答案changing’t work,so it needs (repair) for further use.答案repairing/to be repaired16.When Peter speaks in public,he always has trouble (think) of the right things(correct) them.’t feel like (study) abroad.Her parents are old.19.Passengers are permitted (carry) only one piece of hand luggage onto the’t want to miss (see) that film on television tonight.-ing形式作主语1.It is not easy for everyone to learn English well.2.It is very important to train our children to use chopsticks.3.It is harmful to smoke in public places.4.It is our main task to rid our country of poverty.5.It is easier to buy houses in our city than in Beijing.1.Doing morning exercises is very good for your health.2.We are very interested in collecting stamps.3.He felt sorry for not having done the work well.4.Climbing mountains is really fun.5.It took the workmen only two hours to finish repairing my car.ACarrots are grown on farms and in family gardens throughout the world.Carrots are easy to raise and easy to harvest.They taste good.When people think of carrots,they usually picture in their minds a vegetable that is long,thin and orange in colour.But carrots come in many different sizes and shapes.And not all carrots are orange.For the best results,carrots should be grown in sandy soil that does not hold water for a long time.The soil also should have no rocks.To prepare your carrot garden,dig up the soil,loosen it and turn it over.Then,mix in some plant material or animal fertilizer.Weather,soil conditions and age will affect the way carrots taste.Experts say warm days,cool nights and a medium soil temperature are the best conditions for growing carrots that taste great.Carrots need time to develop their full sugar content.This gives them their taste.But carrots lose their sweetness if you wait too long to remove them from the ground.The best way to judge if a carrot is ready to be harvested is by its ually,the brighter the colour,the better the taste.Carrots are prepared and eaten in many different ways.They are cut in thin pieces and added to other vegetables.They are cooked by themselves or added to stews.Or,once they are washed,they are eaten just as they come out of the ground.1.Why should people harvest carrots at proper time?A.Because people sometimes are very busy.B.Because carrots have different kinds.C.Because it takes time for carrots to keep sugar.“Carrots need time to develop their full sugar content.”可知,胡萝卜需要时间来逐渐积累糖分。

人教版高中英语必修四Unit2全单元

__________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _________
HoHWwohwmFaFiotnmauhndurayi.ncsthgibmiweseatnshysiehstiftsoahrlgeimfrPerolaeawgcnoeedma1nl0it?onrWieCchehriynco?eau.ttBpheuactatouhfsateth,oebfow1ro9n5rl0d?? into a poor farmer’s family, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output to cure people in the countryside of hunger.
Page 11
Dr Yuan wanted to increase the rice output because he saw many people go hungry when he was young.
Language study
A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE
Page 10
高中英语课件
（madeofdingshangtuwen）
人教版高中英语必修四
Unit 2
Great hopes make great men.
宏图铸伟业。
人教版高中英语必修四
Unit 2
New words & expressions
人教版高中英语必修四
Unit 2
Reading
He can who believes he can. 自信者能成器。

人教版高中英语必修四unit2词汇讲解及练习

人教版高中英语必修四Unit2 Working the land1 struggle [ˈstrʌgl]vi.搏斗；奋斗；努力；争取n.打斗；竞争；奋斗【例句】They had to struggle against/with all kinds of difficulties.他们必须和各种各样的困难作斗争。

After 5 years’ of struggle,people in Wenchuan are living a normal life now.经过五年的努力，现在汶川人民的生活步入了正轨。

【搭配】struggle against/with与……斗争struggle for 为争取……而斗争struggle to do 努力去做struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来 a life-and-death struggle生死搏斗【辨析】battle, war, campaign, struggle, fight这些名词均有“战斗，战争”之意。

•battle：侧重指战争中的一次较全面、时间较长的战斗，也指陆军或海军在某一特定地区进行的战斗，或个人之间的争斗。

•war：是战争的总称，一般指包括多个战役的大规模战争。

•campaign：通常指在一场大的战争中在某一地区进行的一连串有既定目的的军事行动。

也可作引申用。

•struggle：指激烈或时间持续长的战斗或奋力斗争。

•fight：最普通用词，含义广，指战斗、斗争或打斗。

2 hunger [ˈhʌŋgə(r)] n.饿，饥饿；欲望vt.& vi.（使）饥饿【例句】His hunger for knowledge drove him to the library.他对知识的强烈愿望驱使他上图书馆。

These students hunger for new knowledge and ideas.这些学生渴望学到新知识，获得新思想。

高中英语(新人教版)选择性必修四同步习题：UNIT 2 Part 4 Writing【含答案及解析】

Part 4Writing写作题目假设你是李华,请你给你的澳大利亚好友Jim写一封信介绍中国的国宝大熊猫,内容包括以下几个方面:1.大熊猫的特征;2.大熊猫目前的状况;3.采取的保护措施。

注意:1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

思路点拨主题标志性动物的描写体裁应用文人称以第三人称为主时态以一般现在时为主第一部分:大熊猫的特征;第二部分:大熊猫目前的状况;第布局三部分:采取的保护措施。

遣词造句Ⅰ.用本单元所学单词或短语填空1.adj.符号的;图标的2.adj.位于3.n.哺乳动物4.成立;创建;建立答案 1.iconic 2.located 3.mammal 4.set upⅡ.本单元语块、语法运用1.完成句子(1)目前,一个位于四川省的自然保护区已经建立。

Nowadays, a nature reserve in Sichuan Province has been .(2)大熊猫可以在那里愉快地享受生活。

Pandas can happily there.(3)大熊猫受到很好的保护。

Pandas .(4)大熊猫的数量每年都在增加。

The number of pandas every year.答案(1)located;set up(2)enjoy their life(3)are well protected (4)is increasing2.句式升级(5)把(1)(2)合并成含有where引导的非限制性定语从句的句子(6)把(3)(4)合并成含有as引导的原因状语从句的句子答案(5)Nowadays, a nature reserve located in Sichuan Province has been set up, where pandas can enjoy their life happily.(6)As pandas are well protected, the number of them is increasing every year.连句成篇参考范文Dear Jim,I am glad to tell you something about pandas.The panda is an iconic animal in China, which has a black and white coat. It has a body shape typical of bears. Its favorite food is tender bamboo.It is known as the national treasure of China. It is one of the few mammals that have been surviving for millions of years on earth. However, it has become an endangered species.Nowadays, a nature reserve located in Sichuan Province has been set up, where pandas can enjoy their life happily. As pandas are well protected, the number of them is increasing every year.Best wishes to you!Yours,Li Hua 写作积累1.The elephant is usually grey in color, having a long trunk and large ivory. 大象通常是灰色的,有一个长长的鼻子和大大的象牙。

2020届高考英语(人教版)必修四课堂要点精析讲义Unit 2 Section Ⅲ Grammar— 动词_ing形式作主语和宾语

Section_ⅢGrammar—动词-ing形式作主语和宾语语法图解探究发现①Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.②As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output.③Yuan Longping searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields.④However, he doesn’t care about being famous.⑤He enjoys listening to violin music, playing mah-jong, swimming and reading.⑥Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him.⑦Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing.⑧He awoke from his dream with the hope of producing a kind of rice that could feed more people.⑨Mary’s being late for class made her teacher angry.⑩It is no use arguing with him about such a matter.[我的发现](1)以上动名词短语(加黑部分)在句中作主语的是①⑥⑦⑨⑩；作动词宾语的是⑤；作介词(短语)宾语的是②③④⑧。

(2)⑨句中为动名词的复合结构作主语。

人教课标版高中英语必修4 Unit2_Learn_about_Language_词汇导图语境助记

regrettable adj.令人
遗憾的；令人懊悔的
语境助记
I regret to say that you don’t pass the exam.
我很遗憾地告诉你，你没有通过考试。
I regretted to tell her that she had been dismissed. Much to my regret, she said to me, “I have no regrets. I only regret having taken the wrong job.”
Unit2 Working the land
词汇导图语境助记
导图淆
confuse A with/and B把A与B混淆
confuse
confused adj.
混乱的；困惑的
be confused about...对……感到困惑
confusing adj.令人困惑的；难懂的
我遗憾地告诉她她被解雇了。让我深感遗憾的是，她对我说：“我没有任何遗憾，我只是后悔选错了工作。”
归纳助记
“to+one’s+情感名词”的结构中，常见的情感名词有annoyance （烦恼），astonishment（惊讶），delight(高兴），disappointment （失望），joy(高兴），regret（遗憾），relief（宽心），satisfaction （满意），shame（羞愧），surprise（惊讶）等。
他们问了我许多难以理解的问题，使我迷惑不解。我彻底糊涂了，困窘地站在那儿，不知所措。
主编点睛
像confused这样的以-ed结尾的形容词通常修饰人，像 confusing这样的以-ing结尾的形容词主要用于修饰物，表示事物的性质或特征。

人教版高中英语必修4 Unit 2 逐句翻译

3.必修四Unit2 A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE造福全人类的先驱者Although he is one of China's most famous scientists, Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer, for he works the land to do his research. 尽管是中国最著名的科学家之一，袁隆平仍然认为自己是个农民，因为他在田里耕作，进行科学研究。

Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he has struggled for the past five decades. 的确，他被太阳晒得黝黑的脸庞和和手臂，以及他那瘦削而又结实的身躯，就跟其他千百万中国农民一样，过去50年来，他一直在努力帮助他们。

Dr Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice. 袁博士种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻的”的稻种。

In 1974, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output. 1974年，他成为世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先锋。

-third more of the crop in the same fields. 这种特殊的稻种使得同样的田地多收获三分之一的产量。

this hybrid strain.如今中国每年出产的稻米有60%以上出自这种杂交稻种。

Born in a poor farmer's family in 1930, Dr Yuan graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953. 袁博士1930年出生，1953Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal. 从那时起，As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output. 年轻时，他就看到了稻田增产的巨大需求。

Unit2语法-过去分词作定语、表语、宾补、状语课件课件-高中英语人教版(2019)选择性必修第四册

难点突破: V-ed和V-ing形式作表语的区别?
1. The result of the final English test was
rather __d_i_s_a_p_p_o_i_n_t_i.ng
He was very _d_isapp__o_in_ ted at the result
of the final test. ( disappoint ) 2. The _f_r_ig_h_t_e_n_i_n_g___man with an ugly black
(Ved)
1. From her _______ look, I knew she was
unsatisfied.
A. disappointing B. disappoints
C. to disappoint
D. disappointed
2. Hearing the tiger's _______ voice, she was so ___________. A. scared, scared B. scared , scaring C. scaring, scared D. scaring, scaring
3. 形容词化的过去分词:
_a_m__a_z_e_d_,_s_u_r_p_ri_s_e_d_,___________ _s_c_a_r_e_d_,_w__o_rr_i_ed__, _d_is_a_p_p_o_i_n_t_e_d_, _ _e_x_c_i_te_d__, _d_e_li_g_h_te_d_,__p_le_a_s_e_d__, ___ __s_at_i_s_fi_e_d_, _m_o_v_e_d_,_d_e_v_o__te_d_,_.._. ___

人教版高中英语必修4第二单元教案

Unit 2 Working the landPart 1 Teaching Design第一部分教学设计Period 2 A sample lesson plan for Learning about Language (The –ing form as the Subject & Object)IntroductionIn this period students will be first helped by the teacher to discover and learn to use some useful words and expressions, and then to discover and learn to use the following useful structures: the –ing form as the subject & object. The following steps of teaching may be taken: Warming up reading the text aloud，Discovering useful words and expressions，Read and identify，Consolidating by doing exercises，Ready used materials for the –ing form as the Subject & Object，Closing down by doing a quiz.ObjectivesTo learn about the –ing form as the Subject & ObjectTo discover and learn to use some useful words and expressionsTo discover and learn to use some useful structuresProcedures1. Warming up by reading the text aloudReading aloud to the recording of the text improves our literacy skills — reading, writing, speaking, and listening. Now read the text aloud. So let’s first review the text learned yesterday by reading it aloud. Try to force out your English slowly and clearly.2. Discovering useful words and expressionsIn pairs do the exercises 1, 2 and 3 on page 12. You are to finish them in 5 minutes.3. Read and identifyRead the text about Yuan Longping again, paying attention to the sentences which use the –ing form as the subject and object.In the sentence “Wishing for things, however, cost nothing.” the –ing form is used as asubject.It can be also used as an object of the sentence. For example: Yuan Longping likes playing his violin.4.Consolidating by doing exercisesTo consolidate your understanding you will be given 10 minutes to go over the exercises on page 13. You may just write the answer on your text book. I mean the student’s book you are working by.5. Studding the ready used materials for the –ing form as the Subject & ObjectGerund as subject:♣Traveling might satisfy your desire for new experiences.c.f.: The study abroad program might satisfy your desire for new experiences.● We usually use the empty subject it with a clause or to-infinitive, but with the v-ing form we prefer the real subject at the beginningStudying English is sometimes boring.Using the right hand to shake hands is a convention in many countries.Playing chess requires great concentration.Speaking English is always useful when traveling abroad.● After it is not good/ it is no use /etc., we usually use the v-ing form as the real subject of the sentence.♣It(formal subject) is no use/ no good/ fun / a waste of time/ a good pleasure, etc. + doing…It is no good writing to him; he never answers letters.It is no use your complaining; the company won’t do anything about it.It's no use saying, ''We are doing our best.'' You have got to succeed in doing what is necessary.♣ It(formal subject) is useless/ nice/ good/ interesting/ worthwhile, etc. + do ing…It is worth driving to the lake to have a look around.It is good playing chess after supper.It is useless speaking.♣ There is(was) no + doingThere is no denying that she is very efficient.There is no telling what he is going to do.There is no point (in) making the simple experiments once again.Gerund as direct object:•They do not appreciate my singing.c.f.: They do not appreciate my assistance.Will you admit having broken the window?The watch needs repairing.His suggestion is worth considering.I consider it(formal object) a waste of time arguing about it.Gerund as object of preposition:•The police arrested him for speeding.c.f.: The police arrested him for criminal activity.He put off making a decision till he had more information.Do you feel like taking a walk?We succeeded in getting over all the difficulties.5.Taking a quizRead the sentences below. Select an appropriate word from the verb list. Convert it to a gerund. No gerund is used twice.(Verb List: analyze, enroll, indicate, make, read, replace, sack, stay, study, walk, work)1. Many people enjoyed _______along the new footpaths.2. The students discussed ________together to complete the assignment.3. The judge delayed _______a decision because new evidence had been presented _______ that an adjournment was in the best interests of justice.4. The new manager advocated _______twenty per cent of the staff as a matter of principle.5. Because Geraldine enjoyed ________history she decided _______in a PhD was a good thing to do.6. Not all students enjoy _________literature, some just prefer ________for pleasure.7. She hated _______up so late.8. The mechanic discussed _______the filters when the car would be due for its next service.6. Closing down by doing a quiz。

人教版高中英语必修四Book4Unit2重难点练习

高中英语学习材料madeofjingetieji13-14新课标Book4Unit2重难点练习Ⅰ. 在空格处写出该短语的汉语意思。

1. thanks to2. rid… of3. be satisfied with4. would rather5. build up6. lead to7. keep … free from / of8. care about9. rich in10. with the hope ofⅡ. 用以上短语的适当形式填空。

1. the police’s help, the little girl finally found her parents.2. A chance conversation with the famous businessman a brilliant career for the young man who had just graduated from university.3. He be poor than get money by dishonest methods.4. This European country is natural resources. However, it is short of labour force.5. Here are some tips to you some of your bad studying habits.6. Every morning he spends 45 minutes doing exercise to his health．7. Having graduated from college, Mr. Liu returned to his hometown leading the whole village to richness.8. the result of the exam, Jim’s father sent him a new bag.9. Children should be those bad video games, for most of them may be addicted(沉溺于) to them.10. She thinks only of herself; she doesn’t other people．Ⅲ. 根据括号里的汉语和句末括号内的英语提示，补全下列句子。

人教版高中英语必修四(Book 4 Unit 2)

人教版高中英语必修四（Book 4 Unit 2)Unit 2 Working the land核心单词1. struggle v.挣扎；努力；拼搏；斗争n. (为争取自由、政治权利等而进行的)斗争，奋斗常用结构：struggle with与……斗争struggle for 为争取……而斗争struggle against与……斗争；为反对……而斗争struggle to do sth. (=make great efforts to do sth.) 努力做某事struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来She struggled to keep back the tears. 她努力忍住泪水。

It was a hard struggle to get my work done on time.为使工作按时完成, 我做了一番努力。

易混辨析struggle/fightstruggle指较长时间的、激烈的斗争，往往指肉体及精神上的战斗。

fight意为"搏斗，打斗，打架"，表示"斗争"时，包含体力和勇猛的因素。

(1)单项填空The working people have never stopped their struggle_______________unfair treatment.A. againstB. forC. fromD. to解析：选A。

struggle against意为"同……作斗争"；struggle for意为"为了……而斗争"。

(2)完成句子①我们应当帮助那些仍在为独立而斗争的人们。

We should help those who are still struggling for independence .②他们得和各种各样的困难作斗争。

They had to struggle with/against all kinds of difficulties(3)根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子。

人教版高中英语高一必修4 Unit2 A Pioneer for All People

intelligent hard-working
confident
active
unselfish
determined energetic
modest
Yuan Longping leads a colorful, _b__u_sy_,___h_a_p_p_y_, _a_n_d__s_im__p_le___life.
disturbing problem in many parts of the countryside.
social background
Q2: How does his research influence China?
farmland
7%
population
22%
world
world
22 % of the world's people are ___fe_d__ from just 7% fo the farmland in China.
Q1: When and why did he dream of finding ways to grow more rice?
When: Since 1953, finding ways to grow
more rice has been his life goal.
Why: At that time, hunger was a

Para.2: biography
Q2: How does his research influence the world?
circulate his knowledge has more tools to rid the world of hunger produce harvest twice as large as before

Unit2 知识点总结人教高中英语必修四

Unit 2 Working the land知识点总结要点梳理1. If so句式if so如果这样if not如果不是这样if necessary.如果必要的话if any如果有的话或即使有的话if ever如果曾经有过或即使有过的话if possible如果可能的话2.struggle (vi.)& (n.)struggle with/against与……斗争struggle for努力争取……；为……而斗争struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来struggle to do sth.努力做某事3.hunger(n.)饥饿；欲望；渴望&(v.)（使）饥饿；渴望hungry adjbe hungry for…渴望得到……go hungry吃不饱；挨饿hunger to do sth.渴望做某事disturbing adj 令人不安的disturb v disturbed adj4. expand (vt.&vi.)使变大；伸展e xpand… into…把……扩展/发展成……5. rid… of …使……摆脱/除去……cure sb. of sth.医好某人的病be/get rid of…摆脱rid oneself of…从……解脱rob sb. of sth.抢劫某人某物warn sb. of sth.警告某人某事remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事inform sb. of sth.通知某人某事4.be satisfied with对……满意=be pleased/content with to one’s satisfaction使某人满意的是With satisfaction满意地satisfying(adj.)令人满意的satisfaction(n.)满意；满足satisfactory(adj.)令人满意的freedom n 自由free adj 自由的v 释放freely adv6. would rather宁愿；宁可would rather(not) do sth.宁愿（不）做某事would do sth. rather than do sth.=would rather do sth. than do宁愿做某事（而）不愿做某事would rather+从句（句子需用虚拟语气）7. Therefore(adv.)因此；所以；因而用在句首，其后要有逗号Therefore, we must learn English well.用在两个分句之间，即一个句子的一部分表示原因因而另一部分表示结果时，一般其前要用分号；若第二个分句前是逗号或无符号，则要注意前加andE.g. I had a headache; therefore I could not go to your party.I was ill, and therefore could not go therefore.8.equip (vt.&vi.)配备；装备e quip…with…用……装备……be equipped with装备；配备equipment(n.) U设备；装备 a piece of equipment一件设备office equipment办公室设备export v 出口import v 进口nationality n国籍nation n 国家，民族national adj 国家的，民族的Occupation n 职业occupy v 占据9. die from死于……die of/from死于……die away逐渐消失die down逐渐转弱die off相继死去die out灭绝，消失die for为……牺牲10.in need of in( great)need of （非常）需要（后常跟名词）in need 需要in memory of为了纪念……,in praise of为了表扬……in case of如果，即使in favor of赞成in honor of为纪念/庆祝……in face of面对11. confuse(vt.)使迷惑；使为难confused adj confusing adjconfuse A with/and B把A与B混淆be confused about sth.对……感到困惑be/get confused by sth.被……搞糊涂12.regret(vt.)遗憾；惋惜&(n.)遗憾；懊悔regretful(adj.)遗憾的；后悔的regret doing sth.后悔做了某事regret to say/inform that…遗憾地说/告知……regret that从句遗憾……with great/deep regret很遗憾to one’s regret=to the regret of sb.让某人感到遗憾的是13. build up逐渐增加；建立；开发build up a fame建立名声build up one’s health/body增进健康build up one’s strength（增强体力）14.lead to导致；造成（后果）；通向lead sb.to a place引导某人去某个地方lead a …life过……的生活Lead sb to do= lead to sb’s doing 导致某人做。

高中英语真题-高中英语Unit2Grammar导学案新人教版必修2

高中英语真题:高中英语Unit2Grammar导学案新人教版必修2英语中的分词有两种：现在分词和过去分词，兼有动词、副词和形容词的特征。

在句子中可以作定语，表语，宾语补足语和状语。

考点一现在分词的基本形式1．现在分词的一般式一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作一般同时进行。

如：They came in talking and laughing．他们谈笑着进来了。

Seeing nobody there，he turned off the lights．看到没人在那，他就把灯关了。

2．现在分词的完成式完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。

如：Having cleaned the desks，we began reading．擦完了桌子后，我们便开始看书。

Having been surrounded for a month，the enemy had to give in．被包围一个月后，敌人不得不投降了。

3．现在分词的被动语态现在分词的被动语态分为一般式和完成式两种。

一般式表示一个被动动作正在进行。

或与谓语表示的动作同时进行。

完成式表示一个被动动作在谓语表示的动作之前已经完成了。

如： The building being built will be our school library．正在建造的那座大楼将是我们的校图书馆。

[例] ____ ，we were taken to Bee the library.A．We had been shown the classrooms B．Being shown the classroomsC．Having been shown the classrooms D．Having shown the classrooms[解析] 句意：我们先被领着看了教室，又被带去看图书馆。

首先，句子主语与show之间构成被动关系，因此可排除D项；A项为句子，需要加连词连接两个分句；B项相当于While we were being shown the classrooms，显然与后面的时间有冲突，故只有C项正确。

1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。

3. How I regret ___ B so much time in
the net bar! I should have studied
harder.
A. to waste B. wasting
C. wasted
D. being wasted
6. There are lots of places of interest
2. The parents suggested ____ C in the
hotel room but their kids were
anxious to camp out during the
trip.
A. sleep C. sleeping B. to sleep D. having slept
go on doing 继续做原来做的事
go on to do 接着做另一件事 mean doing 意味着要做某事
mean to do 打算做某事
stop doing 停止做某事
stop to do 停下来（别的事）开始
做某事
try doing 试着做某事
try to do 努力做某事
be used to doing 习惯于做某事
1. Lydia doesn’t feel like _____ abroad. Her parents are old. (四川 2011) A. study B. studying C. studied D. to study
2. Planning so far ahead _____ no sense — so many things will have changed by next year. (2011新课标全国卷) A. made B. is making C. makes D. has made
否认完成停能赏， deny, finish, stop, enjoy / appreciate 不禁介意准逃亡， can’t help, mind, allow/ permit, escape
不准冒险凭想象。 forbid, risk, imagine
(1). 在begin, love, like, hate, prefer, intend, start 后用动名词
2. 动词-ing形式的否定形式是在其前面加not，带有逻辑主语时not应在动词 -ing形式之前。如： Not cleaning her teeth made her smell bad. Your schoolmate’s not coming home
in time made her parents worried.
3．作介词宾语动名词可与介词一起构成介词短语。 A．介词+动名词，如：我们得想些法子改变人们的习惯。 We’ve got to think of ways of changing people’s habits. 我向你道歉，刚才对你那样生气。 I apologize for being so angry with you. 离开几年之后，回到这感觉有点怪。 After being away for several years，I feel a bit strange to return here.
[注意] 1. 动词-ing形式的复合结构是指在动词ing形式前面加上逻辑主语来强调动作的执行者，该逻辑主语常为形容词性物主代词或名词所有格如：
名词所有格/名词+doing
I’m annoyed about John’s forgetting to pay. 人你介不介意我关窗户 Do you mind my opening the door?
5. 动词forget, go on, mean, regret,
remember, stop, try, be used to, can't
help后跟动名词和跟不定式区别较大，须注意: forget, regret, remember后跟动名词，动名词表示已经发生的动作；后跟不定式表示将要发生的动作。
动词-ing形式作宾语 1. 有些动词如admit, avoid, consider, deny, risk等后能接动词-ing形式作宾语，而不能接动词不定式。如： We’re considering paying a visit to the Science Museum.
2. 有些短语如can’t help, be used to（习惯于）, feel like, lead to, be busy, keep on, insist on, give up 等后常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。如： I have been used to living here. I’m fond of collecting stamps and coins. 介词后面永远用动名词
动词-ing形式作主语和宾语
1. 动词-ing形式是在动词末尾加 -ing，
属于非谓语动词。如：do-doing,
write- writing , sit-sitting , etc.否定形式：not+ v--ing 构成 2. 动词-ing形式作主语或宾语时，也可称为动名词。
动词-ing形式作主语 1. 动词-ing形式作主语表示抽象的多次动作, 谓语动词用单数。如： Going to bed early and getting up early is considered to be a good habit 2.to do 做主语表具体或一次性的动作. Be careful! To play with fire will be dangerous.
• 特殊动词用法 • allow permit允许 forbid 禁止 advise • allow sb to do sth • allow doing sth
need, require, want作“需要”解时, 后接动词-inห้องสมุดไป่ตู้形式作宾语, 主动形式表示被动意义, 相当于to be done。如： The radio needs / requires / wants repairing / to be repaired.
_______ in our city.
A. needs repairing
B. needing repaired
C. needed repairing
D. needing to be repaired
4. I smell something ____ in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute? （2007年全国卷I） A. burning B. burnt C. being burnt D. to be burnt
和用不定式作宾语均可，意义没
有多大区别。
3. 以下的动词后面既可接动词的不定式又可以接动词的 ing作宾语：
begin, start, like, prefer, hate, dislike, continue. remember, forget, try, mean, stop, regret, want, need, require 双方一旦开始，不论喜欢与否，都得继续下去。不管记住与否，努力打算停止，后悔三个需要。
常跟动词ing作宾语的动词歌诀:
consider, suggest / advise, look forward 考虑建议盼原谅， to, excuse, pardon 承认推迟没得想， admit, delay / put off, fancy
避免错过继续练， avoid, miss, keep /keep on, practise
B．动词+介词+动名词，如：我坚持为这次出行带足需要的食物。 I insist on taking proper food for his expedition．同学们脸上没有笑容，相反都做了怪脸。 Instead of smiling，each of them made a face．
下列短语中的to都是介词，所以后面跟名词或 -ing形式：devote to，be accustomed to，pay attention to，get down to，look forward to， stick to，be used to等
3. “There is + no”后可以用动词-ing形式作主语，表示“没法……”。如： There was no telling when this might happen again. 没法预料这样的事什么时候会再发生。 There was no knowing what he could do. 他能做什么很难说。
2. 动词-ing形式作主语时常后置, 用it作形式主语，用形容词或名词作表语。常见的作表语的名词或短语有：no use, no good, fun, no wonder, a waste of time 等。如： Is it worthwhile quarrelling with her? It’s no good waiting here. Let’s go home. It was a waste of time reading that book.
be used to do 被用来做某事 can't help doing 禁不住做某事
can't help to do 不能帮助做某事
regret to do sth. 对即将做的事表示遗憾（未做） regret doing sth.对做过的事表示后悔（已做） remember to do sth. 记着去做某事（未做） remember doing sth. 记着做了某事（已做）
从 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳