200910月自学考试英语(一)串讲笔记(unit14)
Unit 14 Zoology 知识点拨
Unit 14 Zoology [知识点拨]Unit 14 Zoology [知识点拨]He marked all the bees that came to the nearby feeding place blue, and all the bees that went to the faraway place were marked red. 他给所有来到近的喂食处的蜜蜂标上蓝色，给飞到远的喂食处的蜜蜂标上红色。
【点拨】faraway(远方的)是由 far ＋ away构成的合成形容词。
nearby(附近的)是由 near ＋by构成的合成形容词。
它们在句中都作定语。
a faraway forest(远处的森林)，faraway times(遥远的时代)； a nearby hotel(附近的一家旅店)，nearby hills(附近的小山)。
注意：faraway在作定语时通常都连写，作表语或作状语时则分写(far away)。
如： e.g. The house is not far away. 那座房子并不远。
He lives far away from the school. 他住得离学校很远。
nearby既可作定语，又可作状语；既可以连写(nearby)，也可以分写(near by)，还可以加连字符(near-by)。
e.g.I saw her going to a near-by post-box before lunch. 我看到她午饭前去附近的信箱投信。
They live nearby----less than a kilometer. 他们住在附近，不到一公里。
He gave up his seat to the old man standing near by. 他把座位让给站在附近的老人了。
They discovered that the farther away the feeding station was, the slower the dance was. 他们发现，喂食处越远，舞蹈动作的速度就越慢。
大学英语自学教程unit14
7． Acceptable 可接受的；unacceptable 不可 接受的
8． Remain为半系动词，后面可接形容词 9． Different 不同的；indifferent 默然的
10． Because 为连词，后面要连接一个句子； because of 后接名词或代词
11． Look 和sound 为半系动词，后接形容词 12． Being polite and showing respect can give us an edge. （动名词作主语） 13． Getting a job is usually based on making the right impression.(动名词作主语)
Unit 1 Text A The Importance of Being Kind and Polite
1． 2． 3． 4． 5． End a relationship 结束一段关系 Fail to do sth. 没能做某事/动词词组 Fall asleep 入睡/动词词组 Interact with sb. 与某人交往/动词词组 A majority of 大多数的
14． Give sb. an edge on sb. 略胜一筹/动词词组
语言点
1． Hear sb. do sth. 感官动词后面使用了动词原 形 2． Unless(除非) you want to end a relationship, you don’t tell another person what you think of her or him like this. 3． Educated people 有教养的人 4． Try to do 的否定是try not to do
6． Show respect for 对谁表示尊敬/动词词组 7． For instance 比如说
自考英语一课文翻译UINT 14
动物也是这样。你也许听说过“像被砍掉头的鸡一样转圈跑。”真的，鸡被砍了头后确实是转着圈跑，瞎眼的鸟转着圈飞，被蒙着眼的狗转着圈游水。
一位叫夫?欧?古尔伯格的挪威生物学家认为这种圆周运动值得做一番调查。于是他收集了有关这个问题的许多真实的故事。
其中一个是关于人夜晚在浓雾迷漫的湖上划船的故事。一组划船者想在一个大雾天划行三英里，但他们始终未能到达目的地。不知不觉地，他们划行了两大圈——当他们最终到岸时，却发现回到了原来的出发点。
在研究了许多类似的故事之后，古尔伯格教授写了一篇文章，探讨“圆圈运动是动物的基本运动。”一个简单的例子会帮助你理解他对人转着圈走的解释。
你曾给玩具汽车上好发条，然后放在地板上让它跑吗?那么你该知道它很少直行，而是以某种弧线或曲线运动。如果要让它按直线运动，那它两侧的轮子必须是大小完全相同。如若不然，小汽车就会向轮子较小的一侧偏离。
一个人手臂的肌肉和双腿的肌肉一样不是完全相同的。这就是为什么船员夜晚想划船过河却在转圈划行的道理。同样，鸟的翅膀发育也不均衡，因此，眼睛看不见时就会转圈飞。亲爱的读者，这样，我们的圆圈运动之迷就有了一个直接了当的答案。
圆周行走也是由同样的道理引起的，通常行走的人会“注意脚下”，并且“看着他要走的方向”。他需要借助于感官，尤其是眼睛，来到达他要去的地方。当他不能用眼睛看路时，那么他只有在两只脚迈出的步距完全一样的情况下才能走直线。
2021年10月自学考试英语(一)串讲笔记(unit14)(7)
2021年10月自学考试英语(一)串讲笔记(unit14)（7）本句翻译：迈步子长短的差距是非常小的，以致于没有人会意识到这一微小的差距。
尽管这个差距很小，但结果却导致了圆周运动。
9. as / as thoughsmall as it is “是as/as though 引导的让步状语从句，此时从句应倒装(部分倒装)，其结构为”形容词/名词/动词)+as (though)+主+谓(a.)(n.)(v.)+as/as though + s + vFor example：Pretty as she is，she is not clever.她虽然很标致但是不聪明。
Child as he is，he has to make a living.虽然他是一个孩子，但是他必需去谋生。
Try as he would，he might fail again.尽管还有可能再试着去做，但是他还是有可能失败。
注：若从句的表语是n.，其名词前不加任何冠词。
Let us suppose that a man’s left foot takes a step 20 inches long and that his right foot takes a step 30 inches long.本句翻译：我们假定某一人的左脚迈一步是20英寸长，右脚迈一步是30英寸长。
Now suppose he takes ten step - five with his left foot and five with his right.本句翻译：现在假设这个人迈了十步——左脚迈五步，右脚也迈五步。
His left foot will travel 100 inches. His right foot will travel 150 inches.本句翻译：他的左脚总共走了100英寸，他的右脚总共走了150英寸。
travel 运行，前行This sounds impossible. One foot cannot remain 50 inches behind the other.本句翻译：这听起来让人觉得不成能。
自考公共英语文本资料unit14
Text A The importance of being kind and polite本课主要单词1．frankly adv. 坦白地，直率地；坦率地说1）He frankly admitted that he had made a mistake. (他坦率地承认自己犯了个错误。
)2）She asked me to tell her frankly what I wished to do. (她让我坦率地告诉她我希望做什么。
) 3）Frankly, he is not easy to get along with. (坦率地说，他这个人不好打交道。
)4）Quite frankly, I don't care about what they may say. (坦率地说，我不在乎他们会说什么。
) frank adj.坦诚的v.盖免费邮戳于（邮件）；准许…自由通过1）They gave us a frank reply. (他们给了我们一个坦率的回答。
)2）They have franked these letters. (他们已经给这些信件盖了邮资已付的邮戳。
)3）We are trying to frank him through customs. (我们正努力使他免检通过海关。
)2．boring adj. 令人厌烦的；乏味的bored adj.感到厌烦的bore v.使厌烦，使厌倦n.令人讨厌的人或事boredom n.厌烦，厌倦；乏味1）It was such a boring journey that he didn't want to say anything about it.(这次旅行很乏味，他什么也不想提及。
)2）I am bored. I don't have anything to do. (我无事可做，感到乏味。
)3）Most of the book had bored him, with the exception of one chapter.(除了其中的一章，这本书的大部分内容使他感到乏味。
2021年10月自学考试英语(一)串讲笔记(unit14)(3)
2021年10月自学考试英语(一)串讲笔记(unit14)（3）grown-up 长大了的孩子Every little bit of kindness helps.本句翻译：每当你表示出一点点蔼然可亲都会很有帮忙。
little bit of 一点点With manners，the best rule is the one that works.本句翻译：至于说有礼貌，最好的一条原则就是能办成事，能起好作用。
work (v.)起作用，产生影响，行得通For example：The medicine worked. 药物奏效了。
It is easier to look and sound attractive when we are nice to other people.本句翻译：当我们对待别人很友善，那么就比力容易地让人愿意接近你，愿意听你的话。
be nice to sb. ：be kind to sb.Being polite and showing respect can give us an edge.本句翻译：待人彬彬有礼，事事尊敬别人就能使我们占优势。
give sb. an/the edge 比…略胜一筹，领先For example：He has the edge on the other students because he studies harder. 他比别的学生强，因为他学习更努力。
Why do we need an edge? Success in life often starts with a job we like，and since getting a job is usually based on making the right impression，it is always a good idea to be kind and polite.本句翻译：我们要占优势干什么?一个人一生事业的成功经常是始于我们所喜欢的工作，而要得到本身所喜欢的工作，经常要靠给人留下良好的印象。
2021年10月自学考试英语(一)串讲笔记(unit14)(4)
2021年10月自学考试英语(一)串讲笔记(unit14)（4）c. She is wearing a (different) dress every time I see her.本句翻译：每次我见到她，她都穿着不同的服装。
every time 每一次5. employ (雇佣) employer(雇主) employment(职业，工作) employee(雇员)a. The factory is going to (employ) 20 more workers.本句翻译：这家工厂准备再雇用20名工人。
b. He left his hometown to look for (employment) in a big city.本句翻译：他离开家乡到大城市去寻求工作。
c. She has been working for the same (employer) for 20 years.本句翻译：她已经为这个雇主工作了20年。
d. The total number of office (employees) almost doubled.本句翻译：这家公司总的员工的数目几乎已经翻一倍。
Ⅱ。
Fill in the following blanks with the words listed below in their proper forms.1. He told me he didn’t like that (boring) job.本句翻译：他告诉我说他不喜欢那份乏味的工作。
2. We’ll need a few (guidelines) before we start thi s project.本句翻译：在没开始这个项目之前我们需要有一些规则。
3. It is a great (kindness) for you to see me while I am sick.本句翻译：我生病的时候你来看我，你真是太好了。
自考英语（一）课堂笔记完整版（14）
Unit7（第20讲—第22讲） 本课主要构词法 affixation （词缀法） 1. 名词后缀 -ion definition 2. 名词后缀 -age marriage 3. 名词后缀 -ity security 4. 形容词后缀 -al agricultural，industrial，traditional，social 5. 动词后缀 -ize industrialize 本课简介 在Families这篇课⽂中，作者⾸先告诉我们对于不同的⼈来说“家庭”有不同的含义，但是家庭意味着某种归属这⼀点是所有⼈的共识。
作者还对核⼼家庭和⼤家庭的演变进⾏了分析，从中我们更可以看出家庭成员在家庭中的⾓⾊和作⽤的变化。
本课语⾔点 1. …a group of people related by blood or marriage， … 句⼦中的by常可与某些名词连⽤，在名词前⾯不加定冠词the，意思相当于“with regard to”，“according to”。
请看下⾯的例句： 1） He is an Englishman by birth. （他祖籍英国。
） 2） He is a teacher by profession. （他以医⽣为职业。
） 3） By birth and by education Thomas Jefferson belonged to the highest social class， but he never looked down upon the working-class people. （按其出⽣和所受的教育，托马斯·杰弗逊都属于社会的了阶层，但他从来不轻视劳动⼈民。
） relate是⼀个动词，在句⼦中的意思是“使联系”。
请看例句： 1）It is not difficult for people to relate the result to the cause. （⼈们要把结果和原因联系起来并不困难。
大学自考英语串讲笔记unit14
09年10月自考英语（一）串讲笔记（unit14）2009-8-4 18:42 自考365论坛【大中小】Text A The Importance of Being Kind and Polite“Frankly，I think you're boring.” Why do we seldom hear people speak so honestly？本句翻译：“公开跟你讲，我觉得你很讨厌。
”为什么我们几乎听不到人们会这样非常直来直去的讲话呢？seldom 很少，几乎不Unless you want to end a relationship， you don't tell another person what you think of her or him like this.本句翻译：除非你要终止与对方的关系，要不然你不会跟对方说出你对她或他有这种不好的想法。
unless （conj.）除非；如果不For example： I shall go there unless it rains. 如果不下雨，我将去那里。
You will fail unless you work harder. 你若不更加努力，你就会失败。
end （finish）结束Failing to be impressed by a friend's collection of stamps， yawning when a golfer tells you about that great shot he made on the 14th hole，or falling asleep when friends show pictures from their last trip to Sault Ste. Marie are all things that educated people try not to do.本句翻译：对你的朋友集邮的成就无动于衷；当一个高尔夫球手兴兴高采烈地告诉你，他的第14穴打得很精彩时，你却在打哈欠；当你的朋友们兴致勃勃地给你看他们最近到苏圣玛丽去旅游拍下的那些照片时，你却酣然入睡了——这一切都是有教养的人所尽力避免的。
大学英语自学教程上UNIT14
大学英语自学教程上UNIT14[00:05.09]The importance of Being Kind and Polite[00:08.22]友善和礼貌的重要性[00:11.34]"Frankly, I think you're boring."[00:13.86]"老实说,我觉得你很乏味."[00:16.38]Why do we seldom hear people speak so honestly?[00:19.50]为什么我们很少听到人们说话如此坦城?[00:22.62]Unless you want to end a relationship,[00:25.00]除非你想结束与他或她的关系,[00:27.38]you don't tell another person what you think of her or him like this.[00:30.80]你当然不会像这样告诉他或她你的真实想法.[00:34.22]Failing to be impressed by a friend's collection of stamps,[00:37.55]如果一个朋友向你展示他的集邮册,你丝毫未被打动;[00:40.88]yawning when a golfer tells you about that great shot he made on the 14th hole,[00:44.85]如果一个高尔球手告诉你他在打第十四洞时打了如何漂亮的一杆,而你却打了个哈欠;[00:48.82]or falling asleep when friends show picturesfrom their last trip to Sault Ste. Marie are all things that educated people try not to do.[00:55.41]或者当朋友们向你炫耀他们上次苏圣玛丽之旅的照片时,你却睡着了,这些都是有教养的人所尽力避免的行为[01:01.99]This is what manners are about:[01:04.88]这就是礼义的内容:[01:07.76]acting in a civilized1way to avoid misunderstanding friction2, and conflict.[01:12.08]以文明的方式行事,避免误解,摩擦和冲突.[01:16.41]There are no laws enforcing respect.[01:18.93]并没有法律强迫你去遵重别人.[01:21.45]Yet we cannot interact with others without some rules of behavior,[01:25.07]然而我们与别人打交道却不能没有一定的行为准则,[01:28.69]rules that are set by some form of social consensus3.[01:31.86]这些准则是由某种形式的社会公论所决定的.[01:35.03]These guidelines represent what a majority of people consider acceptable[01:38.72]这些标准代表了大多数人的意见,[01:42.40]and what they consider unacceptable.[01:44.99]认为什么可以接受,什么不可以接受.[01:47.57]Rude people are those whose behavior shows little respect for the rules that the majority follow.[01:52.44]某些人的行为很少尊重大多数的所遵从的准则,他们就是粗鲁的人.[01:57.32]For instance, because they talk at home while the television is on[02:00.86]比如,因为人们在家看电视的时候可以谈话,[02:04.40]many people think they can talk at movies as well.[02:07.57]很多人就认为在电影院里照样可以谈话.[02:10.74]They are not even aware that this habit will botherthe other members of the audience.[02:15.01]他们甚至意识不到这个习惯会影响其他观众.[02:19.28]Restaurants have smoking and non-smoking sections,[02:22.52]餐馆设有烟区和非吸烟区,[02:25.76]and most smokers4 are polite enough to ask,[02:28.40]而且多数吸烟者在点烟以前总会礼貌地问一句,[02:31.04]"Do you mind if I smoke?" before lighting5 up.[02:33.86]"我吸烟您介意吗?"[02:36.68]Restaurants should also have cellular-phone and no-cellu-hr-phone sections[02:41.07]餐馆也应设移动电话或非移动电话区.[02:45.46]A new class of rude people has been born:[02:48.24]一种新的举止粗鲁的阶层正在兴起:[02:51.02]the look-at-me phone users whoee boring conversationsare just as dan-gerous to our mental health [02:56.40]就是那些"看我多神气"的打电话的人.他们乏味的电话聊天就像烟雾[03:01.79]as smoke is to our lungs.[03:04.06]有害于肺部一样危害着人们的精神健康.[03:06.33]Sometimes, it is better to remain unknown[03:09.52]有时候,与其让别人憎恨,[03:12.71]than to make people hate you.[03:14.89]还不如自己默默无闻.[03:17.07]There are many children and adolescents whose behavior is gener-ally unacceptable.[03:21.44]很多儿童和青少年的举止总的来说不可接受.[03:25.82]They swear no matter who is around them[03:28.39]不管身边有谁,他们照样骂人,[03:30.96]they listen to their Walkmans while the teacher is talking to them.[03:34.24]老师和他们谈话的时候,他们都照样听"随身听".[03:37.52]Indifferent parents who refuse to discipline their childrenare not helping6 them.[03:41.84]满不在乎的家长拒绝用纪律约束孩子,这不是在帮自己的子女.[03:46.17]Kids who have no idea what being polite meanswillpay the price sooner or later.[03:50.90]不知礼貌为何物的孩子们迟早是要付出代价的.[03:55.62]When they join the work force,[03:58.11]当他们工作以后,[04:00.59]their employers and associates alike will soon realize that the behavior of these rude young people [04:05.37]老板和同事早晚会察觉这些举止粗鲁的年轻人[04:10.15]is closer to that of animals than civilized individuals.[04:13.69]更像动物而不像文明人.[04:17.23]When they lose a few contracts because they[04:19.96]当他们因谈话时满嘴食物[04:22.69]talk with their mouth full or when they say "Bob" to someone who should be "Mr.Johnson,"[04:26.92]而丢掉了几个合同,或本应称"约翰逊先生"但却叫他"鲍勃"时,[04:31.15]these grown-up kids,because of their ignorance,[04:34.02]这些长大了的孩子们,由于他们的无知,[04:36.90]will never understand why others are getting aheadand they are not[04:40.72]永远不明白为什么别人在取得成功,而自己却不能.[04:44.55]Every little bit of kindness helps.[04:47.44]每一丁点的友善都会让人受益匪浅.[04:50.32]With manners,the best rule is the one that works.[04:53.50]对于仪态来说,什么奏效,什么就是最好的准则.[04:56.67]It is easier to look and sound attractive when we are nice to other people[05:00.40]当我们和颜悦色待人时,我们更容易看上去并听起来都充满魅力.[05:04.12]Being polite and showing respectcan give us an edge.[05:07.94]彬彬有礼和尊重别人[05:11.77]Why do we need an edge?[05:13.85]会使我们占有优势?[05:15.92]Success in life often starts with a job we like,[05:19.35]生活中的成功总是开始于一份我们喜欢的工作,[05:22.77]and since getting a job is usually based on making the right impression,[05:26.45]而给人一个好印象是得到一份工作的关键,[05:30.14]it is always a good idea to be kind and polite.[05:33.91]所以和善待人,彬彬有礼永远不失为一个好主意.[05:37.68]Text B[05:40.56]Why We Walk in Circles[05:42.69]为什么我们走路会转圈[05:44.82]"Pin the Tail on the Donkey"[05:46.74]"给驴安尾"[05:48.66]is always funwhen you're watchlng rather than pinning.[05:51.24]的游戏就永远乐趣无穷.如果你只是旁观者而不是游戏者,[05:53.83]It is somewhat'surprising to see how the blindfolded7 performers act.[05:56.91]观看那些蒙着眼的游戏者的表现有点让人惊奇.[05:59.99]Instead of going straight,they always wander off to one side or the other[06:03.38]他们总是歪向这边或那边,而不是一直向前走.[06:06.76]The greater the distance to the donkey, the farther they go astray.[06:10.00]距离驴子越远,他们偏得越厉害.[06:13.24]Have you ever wondered why they are unable to walk straight ahead?[06:16.06]你是否会问为什么他们不能走直线行走呢?[06:18.88]It is a well-known fact that a person will move in a circle[06:21.41]这是一个众所周知的事实,[06:23.95]when he cannot use his eyes to control his direction.[06:26.43]即当一上人不能用眼睛控制他的方向时,他会绕圈走.[06:28.91]Dark nights, dense8 fogs, blinding snowstorms,[06:32.03]黑夜,浓雾,让人盲目的暴风雪天气[06:35.15]thick forests all these can keep a traveler from seeing where he is going[06:38.58]以及茂密的森林－－所有这些都使旅行者看不清自己的去向．[06:42.00]Then he is unable to move in any fixed9 direction, but walks in circles.[06:45.83]于是他就不能沿着某一固定的方向行走，而是绕田圈子．[06:49.65]Animals act the same way.[06:51.53]动物也是如此．[06:53.41]You have probably heard the saying[06:55.61]你可能听说过一句谚语：[06:57.80]"running around like a chicken with its head cut off."[07:00.32]＂像被砍掉头的鸡一样绕圈．＂[07:02.84]Well, a chicken with its head cut off actually does run around in circles.[07:05.78]真的，头被砍掉的鸡还真昌绕着圈子跑．[07:08.72]Blind birds fly in circles.[07:10.99]眼瞎的鸟儿也是绕圈子飞．[07:13.27]And a blindfolded dog will swim in circles.[07:16.05]还有，被蒙胧住眼睛的狗游泳时也绕着圈游．[07:18.83]A Norwegian biologist, F.O. Guldbergdecided[07:21.91]一位挪威生物学家古尔伯格[07:25.00]that this problem of circular movementwas worth investigating.[07:28.26]认为这种转圈运动问题值得研究．[07:31.53]He collected many true stories on the subject.[07:34.16]就此课题了收集了许多真实的故事．[07:36.80]One of his stories is about people rowing on a lake [07:39.44]其中一个故事是讲在一个有雾的黑漆漆的夜里，[07:42.08]during a fog on a dark night.[07:44.05]一群人在湖上划船．[07:46.02]One group of rowers who tried to cross three miles of water[07:49.05]这群划船的人想穿过3英里的水面[07:52.08]in foggy weathernever succeeded in reaching their goal. [07:54.62]却怎么也达不到他们的目标.[07:57.15]Without knowing it,they rowed in two large circles.[08:00.48]他们不知不觉地划了两个大圆圈.[08:03.81]When they finally got to the shore,[08:06.14]当他们终于靠岸时,[08:08.46]they discovered that they were at the spot they had started from.[08:11.19]发现又回到了出发的地方.[08:13.92]After studying many stories such as this,[08:16.74]研究了许多这样的故事以后,[08:19.57]Professor Guldberg wrote an article in which he discussed[08:22.54]古尔伯格教授撰文讨论了[08:25.52]Circular Motion as the Basic Motion of Animals.[08:28.30]"转圈运动是动物的基本运动方式".[08:31.09]"A simple example will help you to understand his explanation ofwhy we walk in circles.[08:35.02]一个简单的例子可以帮助你理解他对为什么我们走路会转圈这个问题做的解释.[08:38.95]Have you ever wound up a toy automobile10 and started it off across the floor?[08:42.42]你曾经给一辆玩具汽车上满发条并让它们地板上跑过吗?[08:45.90]Then you know that it will rarely travel in a straight path.[08:48.47]那么你就知道它很少能沿一条直线运动.[08:51.04]It will travel, instead, in some kind of are, or curve.[08:54.02]相反,它会跑成一条弧线或一条曲线[08:57.00]If it is to travel in a straight llne,[08:59.02]如果让它跑成直线,[09:01.05]the wheels on both sideshave to be of exactly equal size.[09:04.22]两边的轮子就要完全一样大小.[09:07.40]If they are not,[09:09.07]如果不是,[09:10.74]the little automobile turns toward the sidewith the smaller wheels.[09:13.86]小玩具汽车就会向较小的轮子那边转.[09:16.98]Circular, movement in walking is caused in much the same way.[09:20.16]行走时的转圈现象也是由十分相同的原因引起的.[09:23.33]Us-ally a manwalking will "watch his step" and "look where he is going."[09:27.25]通常一个人走路时会"注意脚下"并"看清方向".[09:31.17]He needs his senses' especially his eyesto get to the point he intends to reach.[09:35.14]他需要运用他的感觉,特别是眼睛,以到达自己要去的地方.[09:39.11]When he cannot use his eyes to guide his steps,[09:41.77]当他不能用眼睛引导脚步时,[09:44.44]he will walk straight only if he takes a stepof the same length with each foot.[09:47.47]只有两脚迈出的步伐完全一样他才能走得笔直.[09:50.50]In most people,however,muscle development is not the same in both legs[09:54.18]然而对于多数人来说,两腿的肌肉发达程度并不一样,[09:57.86]so that it is probable that the steps will be uneven11.[10:00.44]所以走起步来很可能不匀称.[10:03.01]The difference may be so small that no one is aware of it.[10:05.69]这种差异也许很小以至于没有人会注意到它.[10:08.37]But small as his, it can cause circular movement.[10:11.25]但是虽然差异很小,它却能千百万边境转圈移动.[10:14.14]Let us suppose that a man's left foot takes a step 20 inches long[10:17.67]假设一个人左脚每步走20英寸[10:21.19]and that his right foot takes a step 30 inches long.[10:24.08]而右脚每步走30英寸.[10:26.96]Now suppose he takes ten step[10:29.34]现在假设他走了10步[10:31.72]--five with his left footand five with his right.[10:34.40]----左脚5步右脚5步.[10:37.07]His left foot will travel 100 inches.[10:39.56]其左脚将走100英寸.[10:42.04]His right foot will travel 150 inches.[10:44.82]其右脚则走了150英寸.[10:47.60]This sounds impossible. One foot cannot remain 50 inches behind the other[10:51.53]这听起来不太可能.一只脚不可能落后于另一只脚50英寸.[10:55.46]What really happens?At each step the man turns a little bit to the left.[10:59.29]事实会怎样呢?每走一步,这个人就往左偏一点.[11:03.12]Sooner or later he makes a complete circle[11:05.69]迟早他就会走完整的一圈.[11:08.26]The tracks of his feet, however, make two circles, one inside the other[11:12.00]他的足迹,就这样,形成内外两个圈.[11:15.74]His left foot makes the smaller circle because it is taking smaller steps[11:19.00]他的左脚走了内圈,因为左脚步伐较小.[11:22.27]His right foot makes the larger circle because it is taking larger steps[11:25.83]他的右脚走了外圈,因为右脚步伐较大.[11:29.40]This is why a person may walk in an are when he sets out in a straight line.[11:32.88]这就是一个人往前走直线却反而走出弧线来的原因.[11:36.37]The muscles of a man's arms are no more identical than the muscles of his legs [11:40.09]一个人手臂的肌肉和他的两腿的肌肉一样不是完全相同的.[11:43.82]This explains why the rowers who set out to cross the lakeat night rowed in a circle.[11:47.70]这就解释了为什么划船的人在夜间想划过湖面反而却划成圆圈.[11:51.58]By the same rule, a bird's wings do not develop evenly[11:54.81]同样的规则 ,鸟儿的翅膀也发育不均衡,[11:58.05]and so it will fly in circles when blinded.[12:00.48]于是当蒙住鸟儿的眼睛时,它就会转圈飞.[12:02.91]Thus,dear readers,our circular mystery has a very straight answer.[12:06.39]因此,亲爱的读者,我们的圆圈奥秘却有着一个非常直截了当的答案.。
2021年10月自学考试英语(一)串讲笔记(unit14)(5)
2021年10月自学考试英语(一)串讲笔记(unit14)（5）Instead of going straight，they always wander off to one side or the other. The greater the distance to the donkey，the farther they go astray.本句翻译：他们都不走直线，总是要由一边偏离到另一边。
参加游戏比赛的人距离毛驴越远，他们偏离目标毛驴也越远。
2. instead of /insteadwander off 徘徊，游离Have you ever wondered why they are unable to walk straight ahead?本句翻译：你有没有想过为什么他们不能够径直向前行呢?wonder 迷惑，疑惑It is a well-known fact that a person will move in a circle when he cannot use his eyes to control his direction.本句翻译：一个人若不消眼睛来掌握走路的标的目的，就会走成一个大圈。
这一事实是众所周知的。
Dark nights，dense fogs，blinding snowstorms，thick forests - all these can keep a traveler from seeing where he is going.本句翻译：每遇到漆黑的夜晚，浓浓的大雾，伸手不见五指的暴风雪，浓密森林——这一切都会使路上的行人看不见是在往哪个标的目的走。
thick forests 茂密的森林3. keep … from … 阻止，防止，阻碍protect fromprevent from其中的“from”多有“使…不能”的意思(1)keep sb from sth/doing使某人不能做某事(2)keep oneself from doing克制本身不要去做某事For example：The church bells keep me from sleeping. 教堂的钟声吵得我睡不着觉。
自考英语(一)课堂笔记完整版(28)
自考英语（一）课堂笔记完整版（28）Unit14（第41讲—第43讲）2. Failing to be impressed by a friend’s collection of stamps，yawning when a golfer tells you about what great shot he made… are all things that educated people try not to do.本句中三个并列的动名词短语做主语，整个句子是一个“主语+系动词+表语”的句型。
如：1）Smoking is not good for your health. （吸烟有害你的健康。
）2）Making experiment is one way of learning. （实验是学习的一条途径。
）be impressed by 意思是“给…深刻印象”。
如：1）I was impressed by his talent. （他的才干给我留下了深刻的印象。
）2）He was impressed by the gorgeous sunset. （绚丽的夕阳给他留下了深刻的印象。
）golfer意思为“高尔夫球运动员”，这个词是由golf加后缀-er构成的，英语中这一类词很多。
如：baker （面包师傅），gardener （园丁），miller （磨坊主），singer （歌唱家），user （使用者。
）1）He tried not to let out the secret. （他试图不泄露奥秘。
）2）We tried not to be misled by them. （我们努力不被他们误导。
）3. There are no laws enforcing respect.本句是一个There be + noun + V-ing 结构，表示存在（有），there失去表示场所的意义。
如：1）There was a fire burning in the fireplace. （壁炉里火在燃烧。
自考基础英语下册重点笔记：第14课
自考基础英语下册重点笔记：第14课Lesson Fourteen The Costs of Economic Growth重点词汇及短语affluent adj．富裕的，丰富的lay tracks铺设铁轨at all costs不惜任何代价，无论如何at the cost of丧生，牺牲the English Industrial Revolution英国的工业革命tread on each other’s heels彼此追逐in affluent circumstances在富裕的环境中the costs of economic growth经济增长的代价traditional pattern of life传统的生活方式food and drink in abundance 丰富的饮食in consequence结果，因此重点语段解析(1) Even in the nineteenth century, the great philosopher and economist John Stuart Mill yearned for the day when mankind would look for “better things” than a continuation of the constant “struggle for riches”。
甚至在19世纪，伟大的哲学和经济学家约翰·斯图亚特·穆勒巴望着那一天人类将寻求比络绎不绝地“为物质财富而奋斗”更好些的事情。
①yearn for巴望，向往。
例句：He yearned for a sight of the famous writer．他巴望一见阿谁著名的作家。
②a continuation of继续，连续③struggle for为……奋斗，为……斗争。
如：the struggle forfreedom为自由奋斗。
2009年自考英语（一）课堂笔记（unit14）
Text A The importance of being kind and polite 本课主要单词 1.frankly adv. 坦⽩地，直率地；坦率地说 1）He frankly admitted that he had made a mistake. （他坦率地承认⾃⼰犯了个错误。
） 2）She asked me to tell her frankly what I wished to do. （她让我坦率地告诉她我希望做什么。
） 3）Frankly， he is not easy to get along with. （坦率地说，他这个⼈不好打交道。
） 4）Quite frankly， I don't care about what they may say. （坦率地说，我不在乎他们会说什么。
） frank adj. 坦诚的 v. 盖免费邮戳于（邮件）；准许…⾃由通过 1）They gave us a frank reply. （他们给了我们⼀个坦率的回答。
） 2）They have franked these letters. （他们已经给这些信件盖了邮资已付的邮戳。
） 3）We are trying to frank him through customs. （我们正努⼒使他免检通过海关。
） 2.boring adj. 令⼈厌烦的；乏味的 bored adj. 感到厌烦的 bore v. 使厌烦，使厌倦 n. 令⼈讨厌的⼈或事 boredom n. 厌烦，厌倦；乏味 1）It was such a boring journey that he didn't want to say anything about it.（这次旅⾏很乏味，他什么也不想提及。
） 2）I am bored. I don't have anything to do. （我⽆事可做，感到乏味。
09年自考“英语(一)”笔记(14)
09年自考“英语（一）”笔记（14）Text A Inproving Your Memory本课主要语言点1. psychological adj. 心理学的Psychological factors often play an important part in winning a competition.（在博得一场比赛中，心理因素常常起着重要作用。
）Make sure all the kids are psychologically healthy.（确保孩子们心理健康。
）（the person who studies human mind－心理学家）在希腊语中，psycho表示“灵魂”，“精神”，“心理”。
在英语中，有不少词是用psycho 做前缀构成的。
除了刚才提到的psychology，psychological，psychologist以外，常见的还有：psychoanalysis（精神分析），psychotherapy（心理疗法）等。
2. focus v. （使）聚焦，（使）集中（focus on ）n. 焦点，中心He is focusing his eyes on a painting on the wall.（他正注视着墙上的一幅画。
）Please focus your attention on the main problems.（请把注意力集中在主要问题上。
）This area became the focus of the world’s attention again.（这一地区再次成为世界注意的中心。
）The 27th Olympic Games is now the focus of people’s interest.（眼下第二十七届奥运会是人们兴趣的中心。
）3. basic adj. 基本的，基础的They didn’t make any effort to solve the basic economic problems.（他们没有做任何努力去解决基本的经济问题。
自考“英语(一)”课堂听课笔记第十四章(2)
自考“英语（一）”课堂听课笔记第十四章（2）11．consensus n. 合意；（意见等的）一致；舆论1）There was a kind of unspoken consensus between them. (他们之间有一种默契。
)2）The consensus was to abandon the project. (大多数人的意见是放弃该项计划。
)3）It is very difficult for them to reach a consensus on what they are going to do.(要就他们将要进行的事情达成大致意见是很困难。
)4）You have to build a consensus with them if you really want to get their help.(如果你真想得到他们的帮忙，你得与他们达成一致意见。
)12．guideline n. 指导方针，准则，标准1）They are going to adopt new guidelines for national economy. (他们将采取新的国民经济指导方针。
)2）Today the moral guidelines are not as obvious as they were. (现在的道德准则不再以前一样明确了。
)3）The chemical additives still exceed guidelines set to protect public health.(化学添加剂仍然超过了为庇护公众健康而确定的标准。
)13．unacceptable adj. 不能接受的，不受欢迎的acceptable adj. 可接受的accept v. 接受1）It is entirely unacceptable to break the law for the sake of money. (为了钱而犯法是完全不成接受的。
09年10月自考英语(一)串讲笔记(unit8)
09年10月自考英语（一）串讲笔记（unit8）Text A Telecommunication via Satellite 搭配：1. At the begging of sth. 在什么的开始/介词词组2. Change into 转变成/动词词组3. From…to… 从…到/介词词组4. Pick up 接收/动词词组5. Be capable of sth./doing sth. 某人能够胜任某职位；某事有可能做某事/形容词词组6. In theory 理论上地/副词词组7. Have access to sth./doing sth. 接触，使用，可接近/动词词组e.g. You can easily have access to him. 他很好接近。
We have free access to her materials. 我们可以免费使用她的材料。
8. Provide help to people 为人们提供帮忙/动词词组9. Be able to do sth. 能够做某事/形容词词组10. Follow sb.s instructions on sth. 在什么事上听从某人的意见/动词词组11. Care for 照顾/动词词组12. As well as 也/起到连接作用的词组13. Be a risk to sth./doing sth. 做某事很冒险/名词词组14. Pay for sth. 为某样物品付款/动词词组15. Isolate sth./sb. from sth./sb. 市某人/某物与某人或某物隔绝/动词词组16. Do one’s banking 存钱或取钱（银行业务）/动词词组17. Prevent sth. from sth./doing sth. 阻止某事发生/动词词组18. Lead sb. to success 引导某人成功；lead to sth./doing sth. 导致/动词词组语言点：1. 时态题：By the middle of the century，both radio and television had become established means of transmitting sounds and/or pictures. By the time of +现在时间状语，用一般现在时；by the time of +将来时间状语，用将来完成时；by the time of +过去时间状语，用过去完成时。
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了——这一切都是有教养的人所尽力避免的。
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Unless you want to end a relationship， you don’t tell another person what you think of her or him like this.
本句翻译：除非你要终止与
“Frankly， I think you’re boring.” Why do we seldom hear people speak so honestly?
本句翻译：“公开跟你讲，我觉得你很讨厌。”为什幺我们几乎听不到人们 会这样非常直来直去的讲话呢?
seldom 很少，几乎不
Failing to be impressed by a friend’s collection of stamps， yawning when a golfer tells you about that great shot he made on the 14th hole， or falling asleep when friends show pictures from their last trip to Sault Ste. Marie are all things that educated people try not to do.
200910 月自学考试英语(一)串讲笔记(unit14)
文章讲解了 they talk with 该句型结构：with +(n.)+(a.)构成的独立主格结 构，在句中作状语，表示伴随。(名词后除可用形容词外，还可用分词、介词 短语和副词。)
更多信息请访问： Text A The Importance of Being Kind and Polite
unless (conj.)除非;如果不
For example： I shall go there unless it rains. 如果不下雨，我将去那里。
You will fail unless you work harder. 你若不更加努力，你就会失败。
end (finish)结束