2019大学英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题(九)

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2019年6月英语四级阅读真题及答案：长篇阅读段落匹配

2019年6月英语四级阅读真题及答案：长篇阅读段落匹配Section BDirections： In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Resilience Is About How You Recharge, Not How You EndureA As constant travelers and parents of a 2-year-old, we sometimes fantasize about how much work we can do when one of us gets on a plane, undistracted by phones, friends, or movies. We race to get all our ground work done： packing, going through security, doing a last-minute work call,calling each other, then boarding the plane. Then, when wetry to have that amazing work session in flight, we get nothing done. Even worse, after refreshing our email or reading the same studies over and over, we are too exhausted when we land to soldier on with (继续处理) the emails that have inevitably still piled up.B Why should flying deplete us? We’re just sitting there doing nothing. Why can’t we be tougher, more resilient (有复原力的) and determined in our work so we can accomplish all of the goals we set for ourselves? Based on our currentresearch, we have come to realize that the problem is not our hectic schedule or the plane travel itself; the problem comes from a misconception of what it means to be resilient, andthe resulting impact of overworking.C We often take a milita ristic, “tough” approach to resilience and determination like a Marine pulling himself through the mud, a boxer going one more round, or a football player picking himself up off the ground for one more play. We believe that the longer we tough it out, the tougher we are, and therefore the more successful we will be. However, this entire conception is scientifically inaccurate.D The very lack of a recovery period is dramatically holding back our collective ability to be resilient and successful. Research has found that there is a direct correlation between lack of recovery and increased incidence of health and safety problems. And lack of recovery—whether by disrupting sleep with thoughts of work or having continuous cognitive arousal by watching our phones—is costing our companies $62 billion a year in lost productivity.E And just because work stops, it doesn’t mean we are recovering. We “stop” work sometimes at 5pm, but then we spend the night wrestling with solutions to work problems, talking about our work over dinner, and falling asleep thinking about how much work we’ll do tomorrow. In a study just released, researchers from Norway found that 7.8% of Norwegians have become workaholics(工作狂). The scientists cite a definition of “workaholism” as “bei ng overly concerned about work, driven by an uncontrollable workmotivation, and investing so much time and effort in workthat it impairs other important life areas.”F We believe that the number of people who fit that definition includes the majority of American workers, which prompted us to begin a study of workaholism in the U.S. Our study will use a large corporate dataset from a major medical company to examine how technology extends our working hours and thus interferes with necessary cognitive recovery, resulting in huge health care costs and turnover costs for employers.G The misconception of resilience is often bred from an early age. Parents trying to teach their children resilience might celebrate a high school student staying up until 3am to finish a science fair project. What a distortion ofresilience! A resilient child is a well-rested one. When an exhausted student goes to school, he risks hurting everyone on the road with his impaired driving; he doesn’t have the cognitive resources to do well on his English test; he has lower self-control with his friends; and at home, he is moody with his parents. Overwork and exhaustion are the opposite of resilience and the bad habits we acquire when we’re young only magnify when we hit the workforce.H As Jim Loehr and Tony Schwartz have written, if you have too much time in the performance zone, you need more time in the recovery zone, otherwise you risk burnout. Gathering your resources to “try hard” requires burning energy in order to overcome your currently low arousal level. It also worsens exhaustion. Thus the more imbalanced we become due to overworking, the more value there is inactivities that allow us to return to a state of balance. The value of a recovery period rises in proportion to the amount of work required of us.I So how do we recover and build resilience? Most people assume that if you stop doing a task like answering emails or writing a paper, your brain will naturally recover, so that when you start again later in the day or the next morning, you’ll have your energy back. But surely everyone reading this has had times when you lie in bed for hours, unable to fall asleep because your brain is thinking about work. If you lie in bed for eight hours, you may have rested, but you can still feel exhausted the next day. That’s because rest and recovery are not the same thing.J If you’re trying to build resilience at work, you need adequate internal and external recovery periods. As researchers Zijlstra, Cropley and Rydstedt write in their 2014 paper：“Internal recovery refers to the shorter periods of relaxation that take place within the frames of the work day or the work setting in the form of short scheduled or unscheduled breaks, by shifting attention or changing to other work tasks when the mental or physical resources required for the initial task are temporarily depleted or exhausted. External recovery refers to actions that take place outside of work—e.g. in the free time between the work days, and during weekends, holidays or vacations.” If after work you lie around on your bed and get irritated by political commentary on your phone or get stressed thinking about decisions about how to renovate your home, your brain has not received a break from high mentalarousal states. Our brains need a rest as much as our bodies do.K If you really want to build resilience, you can start by strategically stopping. Give yourself the resources to be tough by creating internal and external recovery periods. Amy Blankson describes how to strategically stop during the day by using technology to control overworking. She suggests downloading the Instant or Moment apps to see how many times you turn on your phone each day. You can also use apps like Offtime or Unplugged to create tech free zones bystrategically scheduling automatic airplane modes. The average person turns on their phone 150 times every day. If every distraction took only 1 minute, that would account for 2.5 hours a day.L In addition, you can take a cognitive break every 90 minutes to charge your batteries. Try to not have lunch at your desk, but instead spend time outside or with your friends—not talking about work. Take all of your paid time off, which not only gives you recovery periods, but raises your productivity and likelihood of promotion.M As for us, we’ve started using our plane time as a work-free zone, and thus time to dip into the recovery phase. The results have been fantastic. We are usually tired already by the time we get on a plane, and the crowded space and unstable internet connection make work more challenging. Now, instead of swimming upstream, we relax, sleep, watch movies, or listen to music. And when we get off the plane, instead of being depleted, we feel recovered and ready to return to the performance zone.36. It has been found that inadequate recovery often leads to poor health and accidents.37. Mental relaxation is much needed, just as physical relaxation is.38. Adequate rest not only helps one recover, but also increases one’s work efficiency.39. The author always has a hectic time before taking a flight.40. Recovery may not take place even if one seems to have stopped working.41. It is advised that technology be used to prevent people from overworking.42. Contrary to popular belief, rest does not equal recovery.43. The author has come to see that his problem results from a misunderstanding of the meaning of resilience.44. People’s distorted view about resilience may have developed from their upbringing.45. People tend to think the more determined they are, the greater their success will be.答案：36.D37. J38. L39. A40. E41. K42. I43.B44. G45. C温馨提示：考试采取“多题多卷”模式，试题顺序不统一，请依据试题进行核对。

2019英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题（3）

2019英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题（3）2019英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题(3)[A] We apply for credit for many reasons-maybe it's to buy a new car, house, computer, or get a student loan. However, that there is a special number that can determine whether you can do these things, or at least how much it will cost you. A credit score is a number that is calculated based on your credit history to give lenders a simpler "lend/don't lend" answer for people who are applying for credit or loans. This number helps the lender identify the level of risk they may be taking if they lend to someone. The credit score is quicker and less subjective. It's the credit score that makes it possible to get instant credit at places like electronics stores and department stores.[B] Although there are several scoring methods, the method most commonly used by lenders is known as a FICO because of its origins with Fair Isaac Corporation. Fair Isaac is an independent company that came up with the scoring method and software used by banks and lenders, insurers and other businesses. Each of the three major credit bureaus (Experian, Equifax and TransUnion) worked with Fair Isaac in the early 1980's to come up with the scoring method.[C] The three national credit bureaus each have their own version of the FICO score with their own names. Equifax has the Beacon system, TransUnion has the Empirica system, and Experian has the Experian/Falr Isaac system. Each is based on the original Fair Isaac FICO scoring method and produces equivalent numerical results for any given credit report. Some lenders also have their own scoring methods.Other scoring methods may include information such as yourincome or how long you've been at the same job.[D] Think of your credit score, like your grade in school. A teacher calculates grades by taking scores from tests, homework, attendance and anything else they want to use, weighting each one according to importance in order to come up with a final single number (or letter)score. Yourcredit score is calculated in a very similar manner. Insteadof using the scores from pop quizzes and reports you wrote, it uses the information in your credit report.[E] 35 percent of the score is based on your payment history. This makes sense since one of the primary reasons a lender wants to see the score is to find out if (and how timely)you pay your bills. The score is affected by how many bills have been paid late, how many were sent out for collection, any bankruptcies, etc. When these things happened also comes into play. The more recent, the worse it will befor your overall score.[F] 30 percent of the score is based on outstanding debt. How much do you owe on car or home loans? How many credit cards do you have that are at their credit limits? The more cards you have at their limits, the lower your score will be. The rule of thumb is to keep your card balances at 25% or less of their limits.[G] 15 percent of the score is based on the length oftime you've had credit. The longer you've had established credit, the better it is for your overall credit score. Why? Because more information about your past payment historygives a more accurate prediction of your future actions.[H] 10 percent of the score is based on the number of inquiries on your report. If you've applied for a lot of credit cardsor loans, you will have a lot of inquiries on your credit report. These are bad for your score because they indicate that you may be in some kind of financial trouble or may be taking on a lot of debt (even if you haven't used the cards or gotten the loans). The more recent these inquiries are, the worse for your credit score. FICO scores only count inquiries from the past years.[I] 10 percent of the score is based on the types of credit you currently have. The number of loans and available credit from credit cards you have makes a difference. Thereis no magic number or combination of types of accounts that you shouldn't have. These actually come more into play if there isn't as much other information on your credit report on which to base the score. This information is compared to the credit performance of other consumers with similar histories and profiles.[J] Your credit score doesn't just affect whether or not you get a loan; it also affects how much that loan is going to cost you. As your credit score increases, your credit risk decreases. This means your interest rate decreases. There are other factors that influence the interest rate you get for a loan besides your credit score. Things like the type of property you are using the loan to buy, how much of your own money is going into it, the costs the lender has to make the loan, etc.[K] In. addition to banks and lenders, there are landlords, merchants, employers and insurance companiesjumping on the credit score bandwagon (风靡的活动). Of all of these, the fact that insurance rates are being determined by credit scores is causing consumers the most alarm. To most, it seems that your credit history and your driving record have little in common. Insurers, on the other hand, have found thatusing credit scores to predict how likely someone is to pay premiums has helped them cut their losses. Theydon't use the same score that banks and lenders use, however. They use a slightly different formula for their calculations and actually call it an "insurance score".[ LJ Credit scores aren't static numbers. Because they are calculated based on your current credit report, they change every time your credit report changes. While this change may be very slight, it can also be much more dramatic. Here are some things some financial advisers say to do to try to improve your score.[M] Review your credit report and correct any errors you find. Getting rid of inaccurate information can sometimes improve your score dramatically.[N] Advice used to be given to close old and unused credit card accounts in order to reduce your "potential" available credit, which could change your debt ratio after you've been approved for a loan. Now, however, the ratio of your debt to your credit limit is more critical, so closing old accounts only raises that ratio-which you don't want to do. Some people have moved debt from several credit cards to one card and then closed the old accounts. Since creditors look at the debt-to- credit limit ratio, this can have a bad affect on your credit score because you have the same amount of debt but less available credit. So don't close old credit card accounts just because you're not using them.[O] Creditors also now look at the average age of your accounts so, again, keep those old accounts. Reduce your balances on credit cards to 75% or less of your available credit (25% is preferable). Pay your bills on time. (This is probably the most important of all!)Don't let anyone make an inquiry on your credit report unless you absolutely have to. The more inquiries,the lower your score. Don't open new credit card accounts just to increase your available creditin the hopes of raising your score. Also, remember that some improvements-such as better efforts at making payments on time-may take time to impact your score. So, time is also a factor.46. The credit score based on one's payment history accounts for 35 percent.47. FICO is the most frequently used credit scoring method.48. The credit score is calculated based on one's credit reports.49. Too many times of application for loans suggest that one may have some financial trouble.50. Credit score not only determines whether one can geta loan, but also affects how much one pays interest rate.51. To improve credit score, one should lay great effort not to delay the payment of bills.52. The basic role of a credit score is to determine whether applicants can get credit or loans.53. Credit score is a dynamic number that. varies with the change of one's current credit report.54. If you have more outstanding debt, you will get lower credit score.55. Closing old credit card accounts raises the debt-to-credit limit ratio, because the amount of available credit is reducing.46.The credit score based on one’s payment history accounts for 35 percent.。

2019大学英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题及答案(三)

2019大学英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题及答案(三) Section BGenetically Modified Foods--Feed the World?[A] If you want to spark a heated debate at a dinner party, bring up the topic about genetically modified foods. For many people, the concept of genetically altered, high-tech crop production raises all kinds of environmental, health, safety and ethical questions. Particularly in countries with long agrarian traditions--and vocal green lobbies--the idea seems against nature.[B] In fact, genetically modified foods are already very much a part of our lives. A third of the corn and more than half the soybeans and cotton grown in the U. S. last year were the product of biotechnology, according to the Department of Agriculture. More than 65 million acres of genetically modified crops will be planted in the U. S. this year. The genetic is out of the bottle.[C] Yet there are clearly some very real issues that need to be resolved. Like any new product entering the food chain, genetically modified foods must be subjected to rigorous testing. In wealthy countries, the debate about biotech is tempered by the fact that we have a rich array of foods to choose from--and a supply that far exceeds our needs. In developing countries desperate to feed fast-growing and underfed populations; the issue is simpler and much more urgent： Do the benefits of biotech outweigh the risks?[D] The statistics on population growth and hunger are disturbing. Last year the world's population reached 6billion. And by 2050, the UN estimates, it will be probably near 9 billion. Almost all that growth will occur in developing countries. At the same time, the world's available cultivable land per person is declining. Arable land has declined steadily since 1960 and will decrease by half overthe next 50 years, according to the International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-Biotech Applications ( ISAAA).How can biotech help?[E] Biotechnologists have developed genetically modified rice that is fortified with beta-carotene(胡萝卜素)--which thebody converts into vitamin A--and additional iron, and theyare working on other kinds of nutritionally improved crops. Biotech can also improve farming productivity in places where food shortages are caused by crop damage attribution to pests, drought, poor soil and crop viruses, bacteria or fungi ( 真菌 ).[F] Damage caused by pests is incredible. The European corn borer, for example, destroys 40 million tons of the-world's corn crops annually, about 7% of the total. Incorporatingpest-resistant genes into seeds can help restore the balance. In trials of pest-resistant cotton in Africa, yields have increased significantly. So far, fears that genetically modified, pest-resistant crops might kill good insects aswell as bad appear unfounded.[G] Viruses often cause massive failure in staple crops in developing countries. Two years ago, Africa lost more thanhalf its cassava (树薯) crop--a key source of calories-to themosaic virus (花叶病毒).Genetically modified, virus-resistant crops can reduce that damage, as can drought-tolerant seeds in regions where water shortages limit the amount of land under cultivation. Biotech can also help solve the problem of soil that contains excess aluminum, which can damage roots and cause many staple-crop failures. A gene that helps neutralize aluminum toxicity (毒性) in rice has been identified. Many scientists believe biotech could raise overall crop productivity in developing countries as much as 25% and help prevent the loss of those crops after they are harvested.[H]Yet for all that promise, biotech is far from being the whole answer. In developing countries, lost crops are only one cause ofhunger. Poverty plays the largest role. Today more than 1 billion people around the globe live on less than 1 dollar a day. Making genetically modified crops available will not reduce hunger if farmers cannot afford to grow them or if the local population cannot afford to buy the food those farmers produce.[I] Biotech has its own "distribution" problems. Private-sector biotech companies in the rich countries carry out much of the leading-edge research on genetically modified crops. Their products are often too costly for poor farmers in the developing world, and many of those products won't even reach the regions where they are most needed. Biotech firms have a strong financial incentive to target rich markets first in order to help them rapidly recoup the high costs of product development. But some of these companies are responding to needs of poor countries.。

2019年12月六级长篇阅读匹配练习题(九)

2019年12月六级长篇阅读匹配练习题(九)Section BDirections： In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The Kitchen of 2013： Experts Dish[A] The reign of the trophy (奖品 ) kitchen is officially over. The dream kitchens of today aren't about the sexiestsix-burner range or the most exotic countertop material. As cooking has returned to center stage and remodeling budgets have sobered, the kitchen island is nurturing family togetherness and reviving casual entertaining.[B] In kitchens with a small footprint, glass tiles, quartz countem and dish drawers are adding sparkle and practicality. The kitchen of 2013 has soul. "That industrial, commercial style was looking a little cold," says Samantha Emmerling, kitchen editor at Hearst Design Group. "People are spending all their time in there, and they want it warm and inviting, as well as low-maintenance. "[C] A kitchen renovation is still costly. The average 2013 kitchen remodeling job is $ 47,308, down $ 3,742 from last year, according to the National Kitchen & Bath Association. Designers say the look today is less tradition,more transition. Clients are choosing more modern touches such as white or gray cabinets, gray walls and neutral quartz counters, individualized with different textures and touches of color.[D] "Ten years ago, everyone showed up with the same photos of what they wanted," says Paul Lobkovich, anarchitect and kitchen designer at Lobkovich Kitchen Designsin Tysons Corner. "Now people are much more creative. They've seen plenty of HGTV shows and scoured Houzz and other Web sites. They have aPinterest ( 品趣志，图片社交分享网站) board full of stuffthey like. This gives people a wide range of unique looks. And it makes it more exciting for us designers. "[E] Yes, the kitchen is still the most obsessed room in the house, but it's clear that homeowners want more than just trends. Homeowners are seeking a calming space that makes them happy. "Lately it's been less the kind of stars in the eyes approach and a bit more practical with a simplified aesthetic,"says designer Eric Lieberknecht, who owns a kitchen design firm in Alexandria. "People have a wide portfolio of things they want, and not just what their neighbor has. "[F] Nadia Subaran, senior designer at Bethesda's Aidan Design, calls the design direction "modern cottage. " "It's not stark modern design," Subaran says. "It has natural materials, textures and layering, with lots of whites and grays. There is nothing fussy or decorative about it. " Although stainless still reigns, there is growing interest inwhite ranges and refrigerators in a new glossy finish, aswell as soapstone countertops and floating shelves.[G] "People are really looking to make the most of their space, they want practical and functional," says Liza Hausman, a vice president at Houzz, a home design Web site and mobile app. The 2013 member survey by the National Kitchen & Bath Association identified a menu of some of today's top style choices in kitchens. Here is insider information on seven of them.1. White Cabinets[H] The choice of cabinets is arguably the most important decision when redoing a kitchen. The selection sets the look. In the National Kitchen & Bath Association survey, 67 percent of respondents said that white was their first choice for cabinetry, a jump of 20 percentage points in the past two years."Over the years, white is always a popular color and there are times it is the No. 1 color," says John Morgan, President of the association and owner of kitchen products supplier Morgan Pinnacle in Glyndon, Md. "I would say that white and dark cherry are both timeless. "2. Quartz Counters[I] According to Lorenzo Marquez, vice president of marketing for Cosentino North America, Silestone's parent company, the most popular colors right now are white and gray. "Quartz counter is a pretty honest material, and it functions so nicely," says Washington designer Paul Sherrill of Solis Betancourt & Sherrill. "If you don't have a tolerance for。

2019英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题(八)

2019英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题(八)Section BDirections： In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Save for College[ A ] In this article, we'll look at the rules for 529 Qualified State Tuition Plans. We'll explore the difference between this savings vehicle and some of the othertraditional education savings methods and see why this planis the best yet !The cost of college[ B ] You may never have thought you could get excited about big sums of money you won't be spending on yourseff until you read about this new college savings plan. The 529 plan offers the most painless way to save money for higher education to date. And ff the child decides not to go to college, you can roll it over to someone else that does want to go, including yourself! The 529 Plan is a savings plan for college education. You have a couple of options when you open an account.* One option lets you prepay tuition at a qualified educational institution at today's tuition rates.* Another option lets you save money in a tax deferred account ( earnings only) to be used to pay for education at future tuition rates.[C] The idea, with either option, is that the investment earnings will grow to meet the higher costs of future education. The savings account option is typically considered the more attractive of the two and is what we will focus onin this article. The 529 plan is a state sponsored investment program. That is, the state sets up the plan with an asset management company of its choice, and you open a 529 account with that asset management company according to the state's predetermined plan features. You are the owner of the account, and the child for whom the account is set up is the beneficiary (收益人). You won't deal directly with the state, but rather with the asset management/investment company.State-to-state variations[D] Because each state can control some of the featuresof its own plan, there are variations from state to state. Most plans follow the same general scheme (and federal requirements), but make sure you compare plans among states other than your own. Most states don't require residency in order to participate, so shop around different states forthe best deal.The benefits： tax treatment．[E] All of the account's earnings are exempt fromfederal tax when they are withdrawn if they are used for qualified education expenses. This means that, unlike thetaxes you have to pay on earnings from regular stockinvestments, you won't pay any tax on the 529 account earnings unless you end up using the money for something other than higher education. Earnings are currently tax deferred in most states, as well.[F] A break on the earnings tax isn't the only tax advantage, either. Although your contributions aren't pre-tax ( you pay state and federal tax on the money you put into the account), there are some states that let you deduct a portion of your contributions from your state taxes. More states will probably follow suit in the coming years.The benefits： account control[G] Unlike Education Savings Accounts ( ESA．, the account owner always has control of the money. This helps lessen that parental anxiety that the juniorwill take the money and tour Europe or buy a Porsche instead of going to college. There are no restrictions on who can open an account for whom.You can open an account for your child, a friend's child, a relative, the paper boy, or even yourself.The benefits： income eligibility[H] Did you know that with an ESA, you aren't eligible to contribute if you make more than $ ll0,0OO per year( $ 220,000 for married couples)? Unlike ESA, your income does not affect your eligibility to open a 529 account. Contributions to 529 plans also qualify for the $11,000( $ 22,000 for married couples in 2002 ) annual gift tax exclusion. You can also contribute up to five years of gifts during the first year, meaning you can put in up to $55,000 ( $110,000 for married couples). This is a great benefit insituations where inheritance money enters the picture. Your account can grow up to $ 268,000 in some states. You can contribute as little as $ 25 to $ 50 per month.The benefits： how the money can be used[ I ] In most states, there is no age limit or time limit for when the money has to be used. Your child can put off college indefinitely, in which case you have the option of rolling the account over to another child as long as thatchild is in the same family of the first beneficiary. In case you're wondering just who is considered "family", the plan defines family members as "the original beneficiary's spouse, children, sisters, brothers, nephews, nieces, first cousins, and any spouses of those persons. "[J] Your child can go to any accredited (官方认可的) degree granting educational institution, whether it is public, private, two-year, or four：year. There are even some international schools that qualify. In most states, qualified education costs include tuition, books, room, board, transportation, and even computers. In the event that your child gets a scholarship, then the remainder of the 529 account can be rolled over to another sibling ( or relative), or it can be cashed out with no penalty other than the taxpaid ( at your rate) on the earnings. The same rule appliesin the event of the child's death or disability.The benefits： investment control[K] If the thought of turning over your hard earned money to the state makes you a little uneasy, rest assured that the state doesn't control your money. In fact, most states aresigning on with well known, successful investment companies such as TIAA CREF, Vanguard and Fidelity. The number and types of investment options vary by state, and once youselect your option you can't change it.You can, however, roll your money over into another state's plan if you're not happy with your chosen investment option. There is no penalty to roll the money over into another state's plan, and you can do it once every 12 months. Most states have no residence requirement for their 529 plans.[L] Many plans are also offering investment choices that are age-based. This means that if you're starting early, perhaps when your child is age one to three, the investments can begin aggressively in stocks then gradually shift to bonds and money market accounts as your child gets closer to college age.Some state plans offer several levels of options for aggressive, moderate and conservative investments.[M] If you can't reach the risk level you want in one plan, you can always open a second 529 account in the same or another state. You can have as many accounts as you want and can also contribute to both a 529 plan and an ESA. That way, you can diversify your investments in the event that the plan doesn't offer the investment mix you would like.46. If a child fail to use the 529 plan savings for college, the money can be transferred to another child in the family.47. In order to select the most favorable 529 plan, you'd better compare plans in other states.48. Transferring the money into another state's 529 plan is limited to once every 12 months.49. The state makes out the plan and assigns an asset management company in the 529 plan.50. The 529 account owner always controls the money to avoid spending on other things.51. The 529 plan aims at helping to save money for higher education.52. Your 529 account investment can be graded into three risk levels as aggressive, moderate and conservative.53. You don't need to pay tax for the 529 plan earnings if you use it for higher education.54. The 529 plan doesn't impose strict regulations on the income of applicants.55. ff your child gets a scholarship, the rest of 529 account can be either cashed out or given to another sibling or relative.。

2019英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题及答案(二)

2019英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题及答案(二)Section B10 Ways Obama Could Fight Climate Change[A] One of the biggest surprises of President Barack Obama's inaugural address,on Monday was how much he focused onfighting climate change, spending more time on that issuethan any other. "We will respond to the threat of climate change, knowing that the failure to do so would betray our children and future generations," Obama said. The President pointed out that recent severe weather supplied an urgent impetus for energy innovation and staked the nation'seconomic future on responding to a changing climate. "We cannot cede to other nations the technology that will power new jobs and new industries--we must claim its promise," Obama said. '" That's how we will maintain our economicvitality and our national treasure--our forests and waterways; our croplands and snowcapped (山顶积雪的) peaks. That is how we will preserve our planet, commanded to our care by God. "so what could the President reasonably do to deliver on that vow? Here are ten of their suggestions：Sunset coal with new incentives and regulations.[B] "Provide incentives to phase out the oldest, mostpolluting power plants," said Robert Jackson, a climate scientist at Duke University. It's already happening, to some degree, as more of the nation transitions to natural gas.Earth scientist Bill Chameides, dean of Duke's NicholasSchool of the Environment and a former chief scientist at the Environmental Defense Fund, urges the administration to useits Clean, Air Act authority to promulgate (颁布 )carbon regulations for existing power plants like it has for new ones： "Doing that will force fuel switching from coal to natural gas. "Invest federal stimulus money in nuclear power.[C] It's hardly a perfect fuel, as accidents like Japan's Fukushima fallout have shown, but with safety precautions new nuclear plants can meaningfully offset dirtier types of energy, supporters say."Nuclear is the only short-to medium-term way to really get away from fossil fuels," said Peter Raven. President emeritus of the Missouri Botanical Garden. He said the damage done by relentless global warming will far exceed the damage done by faults in the nuclear system.Kill the Keystone pipeline.[D] The controversial Keystone XL oil pipeline is up for review again by the White House this year. "The font thing he should do to set the tone to a lower carbon economy is to reject the Keystone pipeline, “said Raymond Pierrehum Bert, a geophysical scientist at the University of Chicago. The pipeline was never going to be a major driver of global emissions, but Pierre humbert and some other environmentalists say that by killing it the President would send a clear message about America's intent to ramp down fossil fuels.Protect the oceans by executive order.[E] Land use is complicated, but large swaths of oceans can be protected by executive order. Just as President George W. Bush designated the world's largest marine monument northwest of Hawaii in 2006. Obama could single-handedly protect otherareas. National Geographic Explorer-in-Residence Sylvia Earle said the President should focus on parts of the Arctic thatare under U. S. control, putting them off limits to energy production, commercial fishing, and mineral exploration. Marine sanctuaries (禁捕区) won't stop climate change, butthey can give marine species a better chance of adapting toit by reducing the other man-made threats the animals face. Experiment with capturing carbon.[F] Huge untapped reserves of natural gas and oil make it unlikely that the U. S. will transition away from fossilfuels in the immediate future. Instead, said Wallace Broecker, geology professor at Columbia University's Lamont-DohertyEarth Observatory, we should attack the atmosphere's carbon surplus directly. "Obama could make available funds to build and test prototype air capture units" to capture and storeCO2, said Broecker. Removing some carbon from the atmosphere could buy valuable time as policy makers and scientistsexplore more permanent solutions.Grow government research for new energy sources.[G] The Department of Energy has a nimble program that's tasked with innovative energy research—the Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy. The ARPA-E funds research in biofuels, transmission,and battery storage, with an annual budget of$ 275 million. Last year, DOE officials requested at least$ 75 million more. Increasing funding for ARPA-E, said Rare Pomerance, former deputy assistant secretary of state for environment and development and currently an environmental consultant, "you get new technologies that undercut coal, oil,。

2019六级长篇精选阅读匹配练习试题包括答案一.doc

2019 六级长篇阅读匹配练习题及答案(一) Section BDirections ： In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to-it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph ismarked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Six Steps to Tackling Your Student Loans[A] Any payment is a good debt payment, but a strategy canbe useful too-even if your strategy means opening the envelope.Open the envelope[B]This is the hardest thing to do. The bills come with the "Sallie Mae" or "Discover" logo on them and you toss them aside, hoping to deal with them when you feel less besieged ( 围攻 ). You know you started owing some amount- $20,000, $50,000, $100,000 —and that the interest is piling up, butyou don't know exactly how much or how. When faced with heavy debt, many people try to avoid seeing the numbers.[C]This doesn't work, even psychologically. Anyone who haslet credit-card bills or mortgage bills pile up, 1reopened,knows that avoiding the envelope does not reduce your anxiety; it increases it. As those envelopes multiply, they take over your psychological state. In horror movies, it's like the monster in the room behind the door. You don't know what itlooks like, but it keeps you scared and immobile. So,open the envelope.[D] Or, even better, log in online. All student loanproviders have a web site where you can see what you owe,your interest rates, and your payment schedules. SallieMae.com is no-frills, but still allows you to see your loans on onescreen, including your interest rates. Discover. corn alsohas a pretty basic site. Citibank has a more complex site.Get used to logging into these sites pretty often; ff you need motivation, think of it as visiting your money while it's inprison.[E] The websites all have one thing in common：they let you see how much you owe, and what your interest is, and theymake it easy to pay-but they don't let you see how much yourdebt load is growing. This is a major motivating factor inpaying down your loans. Identify your loans[F]Are your loans held by the federal government--usuallythrough Sallie Mae--or through "private" lenders like Citibankor Discover? if you don't know who holds your loans, you canfind out here, at the National Student Loan Data System.[G]Why do you need to know who holds your loans? This willmake a difference to your payment options and your interestrates, if you have a federal loan, for instance, yourinterest rate is probably very low, around 32% ; ff you haveprivate loans, the interest rates are likely to be much higher,around 48%. Federal loans also give you options likerequesting forbearance (延期还贷) ff you're out of work or ifyour income is too low-handy for the times when you're down on your luck.Start seeing your debt in new ways[H]The websites of lenders are often limited and onlyhave basic information. To really tackle your student loans,it can often be useful to visualize how much progressyou're making. There are several ways to do that.[I]One really useful new free site is Tuition. io, whichgathers information for all your loans in one place. You cansee your debt in colorful charts, play around with repayment plans, and, once you start paying your loans, you can see the numbers start to fall. That can be very motivating.[J]For the same effect that you can customize yourself, trya Google Docs spreadsheet. There's a template that already exists for paying down loans; it has the unpromising title of "Loan amortization schedule by Vertex42. corn" but it hasvery handy calculators built in so that you can tweak your monthly payments to see how much progress you can make if you increase or decrease your payments in any given month. If you don't like that template, just create a Google Docs spreadsheet with the categories you need ： date; loanname/number; loan interest rate; starting loan amount( including how much you owe on that date) ; payment amount you made on that date; ending loan amount after that payment. After you have enough entries, you can start creating graphs; there are few things more satisfying than seeing that graph move downward as you pay off your debt.[K] If you want to see your loans in a larger context ofyour whole financial picture, LearnVest is a great mobile app for iPhone. It gathers all your information income, loans, credit card debt by linking to your accounts. It serves up useful graphs on your net worth, comparing your assets to what you owe -and there's nothing more motivating than seeing a "minus" sign next to your financial picture. LearnVest"also lets you track your spending, which may make it easierto see where to cut down on expenses so that you can put more into your loan payments. LearnVest also has a good website full of useful advice .Don't be afraid to scare yourself [L] Student loans can often be scary and that's Why you should slay them. The more you see how much you owe, and how fast your interest is rising, the more motivated you can be to fight back by paying those loans. One staffer, after she saw how much money she was wasting on interest payments, increased her student loan payments by $ 75 a month.[M]It can also be tempting to believe that your student debtis so big that nothing you do can ever make a dent in it.That's completely untrue. Only paying your loans will shrink them. It will take years, true. It will take even longer ifyou don't pay, or pay the minimum. There's only one outcome of shirking your loans ： ending up with bigger loans. Then you're in an even bigger bind. No one is going to save you from student loans. Action counts.Choose a strategy[N] Any payment is a good payment, but a strategy can be very useful too. There are two aspects to loans ：principal and interest .Principal is how much you've borrowed ,and theinterest is what you're paying every month for the privilege ofhaving borrowed that money. Your goal is to pay down asmuch of the principal as possible. Your chief enemy here isinterest ： it grows fast, and makes the principal recede more distantly.[O]So make sure you know the rank of your loans, in orderfrom smallest to largest, and lowest interest to highestinterest. Do whatever is possible to reduce the interest; asour columnist Helaine Olen points out, Sallie Mac offers youa 0. 25% reduction in your loan interest if you sign up foran automatic debit (借方) plan--just make sure the money isalways going to be in your account. If you don't want to dothat, follow Helaine's other piece of advice ： you're smarter to pay off the loans with the higher interest rate flint.This will create the biggest impact. Another popular strategyis the "snowball" method, where you pay the most on thesmallest debt owed. So if you have a $20,000 loan and a$10,000 loan, the "snowball" method means you will startpaying more towards the $10,000 loan. You'll see it disappear faster. These two methods don't always go together; so trywhat feels comfortable. The important thing is to see andtrack your progress.[P]If your income isn't enough, consider other methods ofproducing money ： side projects, odd jobs, or selling thingsyou don't need on eBay or Craigslist. For those whose parentscan afford it, working out a joint payment plan can makesense. One graduate we know struck a savvy (精明的) deal with his parents ： if he made the minimum student loan paymentevery month, they would contribute $100 toward his studentloans. That's $100 he doesn't have to cut from his own budget.As a benefit, making bigger payments will help you pay down the principal of the loan, since the minimum payments often only end up reducing your interest, which balloons back later. Even $ 50 more a month can help.[Q]Here's an example ： if you have a $ 20,000 loan, with a 4.2% interest, rate, you will end up paying an extra $ 2,814in interest alone over six and a half years. If you increase your payment by only $ 50 a month, you'll cut that interestby $ 500 ; ff you can find a way to pay $ I00 more a month, you'll save nearly $ 800 in interest. That's $ 800 more inthe bank, and $ 800 less wanted on pointless interest payments.Take it in stride[R]Most Americans owe some form of debt; learning how to handle it is a lifelong process. Most of all, don't beat yourself up if you're not perfect at paying down your loans. Some of the savviest financial players struggled for years with their own finances. We all learn in our own time and we rind what works for us and what doesn't. Accept your own progress.46.If you have a federal loan, you are allowed to pay back the loan later when you are fired.47.LearaVest informs you about your spending so that you can see where to save money to pay off your debt.48.Even for financial experts, financial problems may have taken them years to deal with.49.You are advised to start with the loans with thehigher interest rate.50.Many Americans are in debt and learning how to handle itwill take a lifetime.51.With Google Docs spreadsheet, you can create yourown personalized debt graphs.52.If you don't have enough income, you are advised totry other ways of making money.53.Those student, loan providers' websites don't present thegrowth of your debt load.54.The result of inaction to your loans is to bringabout bigger loans.55.When you toss away envelopes containing your bills,you actually feel more anxious about it.46．If you have a federal loan ．you are allowed to pay back the loan later when you are fired ．详解如果你有联邦贷款，能够在失业时延期还款。

2019年12月六级长篇阅读匹配练习题(一)

2019年12月六级长篇阅读匹配练习题(一)Section BDirections： In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to-it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Six Steps to Tackling Your Student Loans[A] Any payment is a good debt payment, but a strategy canbe useful too-even if your strategy means opening the envelope.Open the envelope[B] This is the hardest thing to do. The bills come with the "Sallie Mae" or "Discover" logo on them and you toss them aside, hoping to deal with them when you feel less besieged (围攻). You know you started owing some amount- $20,000, $50,000, $100,000—and that the interest is piling up, butyou don't know exactly how much or how. When faced with heavy debt, many people try to avoid seeing the numbers.[C] This doesn't work, even psychologically. Anyone who haslet credit-card bills or mortgage bills pile up, 1reopened, knows that avoiding the envelope does not reduce your anxiety; it increases it. As those envelopes multiply, they take over your psychological state. In horror movies, it's like the monster in the room behind the door. You don't know what itlooks like, but it keeps you scared and immobile. So, open the envelope.[D] Or, even better, log in online. All student loan providers have a web site where you can see what you owe, your interest rates, and your payment schedules. SallieMae. com is no-frills, but still allows you to see your loans on one screen, including your interest rates. Discover. corn also has a pretty basic site. Citibank has a more complex site. Get used to logging into these sites pretty often; ff you need motivation, think of it as visiting your money while it's in prison.[E] The websites all have one thing in common： they let you see how much you owe, and what your interest is, and they make it easy to pay-but they don't let you see how much your debt load is growing. This is a major motivating factor in paying down your loans. Identify your loans[F] Are your loans held by the federal government--usually through Sallie Mae--or through "private" lenders like Citibank or Discover? if you don't know who holds your loans, you can find out here, at the National Student Loan Data System.[G] Why do you need to know who holds your loans? This will make a difference to your payment options and your interest rates, if you have a federal loan, for instance, yourinterest rate is probably very low, around 32% ; ff you have private loans, the interest rates are likely to be much higher, around 48%. Federal loans also give you options like requesting forbearance (延期还贷) ff you're out of work or ifyour income is too low-handy for the times when you're down on your luck.Start seeing your debt in new ways[H] The websites of lenders are often limited and only have basic information. To really tackle your student loans, it can often be useful to visualize how much progress you're making. There are several ways to do that.[I] One really useful new free site is Tuition. io, which gathers information for all your loans in one place. You can see your debt in colorful charts, play around with repayment plans, and, once you start paying your loans, you can see the numbers start to fall. That can be very motivating.[J] For the same effect that you can customize yourself, try a Google Docs spreadsheet. There's a template that already exists for paying down loans; it has the unpromising title of "Loan amortization schedule by Vertex42. corn" but it has very handy calculators built in so that you can tweak your monthly payments to see how much progress you can make if you increase or decrease your payments in any given month. If you don't like that template, just create a Google Docs spreadsheet with the categories you need： date; loanname/number; loan interest rate; starting loan amount( including how much you owe on that date) ; payment amount you made on that date; ending loan amount after that payment. After you have enough entries, you can start creating graphs; there are few things more satisfying than seeing that graph move downward as you pay off your debt.。

2019大学英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题(1)

2019大学英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题(1)10 Ways Obama Could Fight Climate Change[A] One of the biggest surprises of President Barack Obama's inaugural address,on Monday was how much he focusedon fighting climate change, spending more time on that issue than any other. "We will respond to the threat of climate change, knowing that the failure to do so would betray our children and future generations," Obama said. The President pointed out that recent severe weather supplied an urgent impetus for energy innovation and staked the nation'seconomic future on responding to a changing climate. "We cannot cede to other nations the technology that will power new jobs and new industries--we must claim its promise," Obama said. '" That's how we will maintain our economicvitality and our national treasure--our forests and waterways; our croplands and snowcapped (山顶积雪的) peaks. That is how we will preserve our planet, commanded to our care by God. "so what could the President reasonably do to deliver on that vow? Here are ten of their suggestions：Sunset coal with new incentives and regulations.[B] "Provide incentives to phase out the oldest, most polluting power plants," said Robert Jackson, a climate scientist at Duke University. It's already happening, to some degree, as more of the nation transitions to natural gas.Earth scientist Bill Chameides, dean of Duke's NicholasSchool of the Environment and a former chief scientist at the Environmental Defense Fund, urges the administration to useits Clean, Air Act authority to promulgate (颁布 )carbonregulations for existing power plants like it has for new ones： "Doing that will force fuel switching from coal to natural gas. "Invest federal stimulus money in nuclear power.[C] It's hardly a perfect fuel, as accidents likeJapan's Fukushima fallout have shown, but with safety precautions new nuclear plants can meaningfully offsetdirtier types of energy, supporters say."Nuclear is the only short-to medium-term way to really get away from fossil fuels," said Peter Raven. President emeritus of the Missouri Botanical Garden. He said the damage done by relentless global warming will far exceed the damage done by faults in the nuclear system.Kill the Keystone pipeline.[D] The controversial Keystone XL oil pipeline is up for review again by the White House this year. "The font thing he should do to set the tone to a lower carbon economy is to reject the Keystone pipeline, “said Raymond Pierrehum Bert, a geophysical scientist at the University of Chicago. The pipeline was never going to be a major driver of global emissions, but Pierre humbert and some other environmentalists say that by killing it the President would send a clear message about America's intent to ramp down fossil fuels.Protect the oceans by executive order.[E] Land use is complicated, but large swaths of oceans can be protected by executive order. Just as President George W. Bush designated the world's largest marine monument northwest of Hawaii in 2006. Obama could single-handedlyprotect other areas. National Geographic Explorer-in-Residence Sylvia Earle said the President should focus onparts of the Arctic that are under U. S. control, puttingthem off limits to energy production, commercial fishing, and mineral exploration. Marine sanctuaries (禁捕区) won't stop climate change, but they can give marine species a better chance of adapting to it by reducing the other man-madethreats the animals face.Experiment with capturing carbon.[F] Huge untapped reserves of natural gas and oil makeit unlikely that the U. S. will transition away from fossil fuels in the immediate future. Instead, said Wallace Broecker, geology professor at Columbia University's Lamont-DohertyEarth Observatory, we should attack the atmosphere's carbon surplus directly. "Obama could make available funds to build and test prototype air capture units" to capture and storeCO2, said Broecker. Removing some carbon from the atmosphere could buy valuable time as policy makers and scientistsexplore more permanent solutions.Grow government research for new energy sources.[G] The Department of Energy has a nimble program that's tasked with innovative energy research—the Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy. The ARPA-E funds research in biofuels, transmission,and battery storage, with an annual budget of$ 275 million. Last year, DOE officials requested at least$ 75 million more. Increasing funding for ARPA-E, said Rare Pomerance, former deputy assistant secretary of state for environment and development and currently an environmental consultant, "you get new technologies that undercut coal, oil,and gas. " Plus, he said, yon get a competitive advantage if American researchers uncover the next big idea in new energy.Tax carbon.[H] Congress would have to agree, but many climate experts say that the most meaningful way to tackle emissions is to set a price on carbon. "We should be asking people to pay the cost of putting carbon into the atmosphere as they buy the fuel," said Josh Willis, climate scientist and oceanographer at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. To gain political support for the idea, Obama would probably have to show that the tax wonld help accelerate technology, grow new industries, and pay down the deficit.Dial back the federal government's energy use.[I] With more than I. 8 million employees, $ 500 billion in annual purchasing power, and 500,000 buildings to operate, the federal government has been a leader in reducing energy use since Obama signed a 2009 executive order to cut waste. "I would urge him to keep using the power of government to promote energy conservation," said Syndonia Bret-Harte, an Arctic biologist who studies climate change at the University of Alaska, Fairbanks.Build a scientific clearinghouse for climate information.[J] "I advocate for building a better information system on what is happening and why," said Kevin Tren berth, head of the Climate Analysis Section at the U. S. National Center for Atmospheric Research. That involves compiling observations related to climate change from around the world and using the data to refine climate modeling. Think of it as a one-stop,user-friendly website that clearly demonstrates how weather data from around the globe are influenced by broader shiftsin the planet's climate.Keep talking. Despite a consensus among top scientists, the world still needs some convincing on climate change.[K] A CNN poll last week found that just 49 percent of Americans agree that global warming is real and is due to human activities. "The most important thing the President can do is to build on his inaugural comments to heighten the sense of urgency about rapid climate destabilization and clarify its connection to virtually every other issue on the national agenda," said David Orr, environmental studies professor at Oberlin College. That means using the bully clergymen to show how a more volatile climate affects everything from agriculture to transportation to 21st-century warfare.46. The urge to promulgate carbon regulations is aimed at pushing power plants to replace coal by natural gas.47. Marine sanctuaries should be preserved because they help sea species adapt to climate alteration.48. The government should take the responsibility to raise Americans' awareness about climate change.49. Many climate experts believe that the most effective way to lower emission is to tax on carbon.50. Nuclear supporters argue that nuclear systemfailures are less challenging than global warming.51. Recent extreme weather made President Obama feel itis urgent to address climate change.52. Keystone pipeline should be rejected because it is a signal to reduce fossil fuels.53. Since Obama signed a 2009 executive order to cut waste, the federal government has taken the lead in saving energy.54. Lower carbon emission will be most likely to happenif research in new energy resources succeeds.55. Compared with turning to new energy, America prefers carbon capture and store as a temporary measure.46. The urge to promulgate carbon regulations is aimedat pushing power plants to replace coal by natural gas.译文推动颁布碳法规的目的在于迫使燃料从煤炭转向天然气。

2019年12月大学英语六级考试阅读模拟题及答案9

2019年12月大学英语六级考试阅读模拟题及答案9 Does Travel Broaden The Mind?One often hears it said that travel broadens themind： if you stay in your own country the whole time, your ideasremain narrow; whereas if you travelabroad you see new customs, eat new foods, do newthings, and come back home with a broader mind.But does this always — or even usually — happen? An acquaintance2 of mine who lives in England andhad never been outside it until last summer, decided to go over3 to Francefor a trip. When hereturned, I asked him how he liked it."Terrible, "was his answer." I couldn't get a nice cup of teaanywhere . 4 Thank goodness I'm back. "I asked him whether he hadn't had any good foodwhile he was there ."Oh, thedinners were all right, "he said."I found a little placewhere theymade quite good fish and chips. Not as good as ours, mind you5, but they were passable. Butthe breakfasts were terrible： no bacon or kippers. I had fried eggs and chips,but it was quite a6 business getting them to make them. They expected me to eat rolls. And when I asked formarmalade ,they brought strawberry jam. And do you know, they insisted that it wasmarmalade? The trouble is they don't know English. "I thought it useless to explain that we borrowed theword‘marmalade 'from French, and that itmeans, in that language, any kind of jam. So I said,"But didn't you eat anyof the famousFrench food?""What? Me?"he said."Of course not!Give me good old English food every time!None of these fancy bits for me! "Obviously travel had not broadened his mind.This does not, of course, happen only to Englishmen in France： all nationalities, in all foreigncountries, can be found judging what they see, hear, taste and smell according to their ownhabits and customs. People who are better educated and who have read a lot about foreigncountries tend to be more adaptable7 and tolerant8, but this is becausetheir minds havealready been broadened before they start travelling. In fact, it is easier to be broad-mindedabout foreign habits and customs, if one's acquaintance with these things is limited to booksand films. The American smiles tolerantly over the absence of central heating in most Englishhomes when he is himself comfortably seated in his armchair in his centrally heated house inChicago; the English man reads about the sanitary arrangements in a certaintropical country,and the inhabitants of the latter read about London fogs, and each side manages to bedetached and broad-minded. 9 But actual physical contact with things one is unaccustomed tois much more difficult to bear philosophically.Perhaps the ideal would be if travel could succeed in making people tolerant of the habits andcustoms of others without abandoning their own. The criterion for judging a foreigner couldbe： Does he try to be polite and considerate to others? Instead of： Is he like me?阅读自测Ⅰ. True o r False ：1. It is often said that if you travel abroad to see many new things, your mind will bebroadened.2. The Englishman had a happy life when he travelled to France .3. The word‘marmalade'is originally a French word, which means any kind of jam.4. In the view of the author, people often judge things according to their own habits andcustoms.5. The author thinks that people who are better educated and read a lot are easily to betolerant.6. Tea , bacon, kippers, chips are all typical English food.参考答案Ⅰ. 1. T 2. F 3 . T 4 . T 5 . T 6 . T参考译文旅游新解经常听人说旅游使人心胸开阔：如果人们一直呆在本国，思维就会很狭隘;可要是人们到国外旅游一番，见识新的风俗，品尝新的食物，有过新的经历，回来后心胸就开阔多了。

2019年12月英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题(2)

2019年12月英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题（2）Protecting Student Privacy in the Data AgeA． In Kentucky, parents, educators and policy makerscan track how many students from a high school go to college, and once they are there, how many require remedial classes(补习班) ． Massachusetts is one of several states with an early warning indicator system, which notifies schoolofficials when students appear to be at risk for dropping out of high school． And in Georgia, teachers can easily access years of test scores, class, grades and attendance rates for any student．B． Student data advocates argue that used correctly data，including student attendance, test scores and demographics(人口统计) , can enrich education． Teachers can better personalize instruction for students, principals can view the academic records of students who move across school districts and parents can determine whether a child is on track for college, to name just a few examples．C． But that promise comes with threats to students" privacy． Parents have expressed concerns that if teachers have easy access to students' entire academic histories, they might write off those with poor records, or that student information might fall into the hands of sexual predators (侵害者) ． Those concerns have led to heated debates about how much data schools should be collecting, how it should bestored and who should have access to it．D． Over the past year, the Common Core State Standards have also triggered discussions about student data, althoughthe standards do not call for the federal government to collect data． "There's no denying that education technology has the potential to transform learning if it's used wisely," said Joni Lupovitz, vice president of policy at Common Sense Media, which this fall launched a campaign to raise awareness about student privacy issues． "What we're working to ensure is that as educators, parents and student embrace more and more education technology, (and)balance the equation by focusing on student privacy to help ensure that we're creating an atmosphere where kids can learn and be engaged and thrive without putting their personal information at risk．"Relying on a 1970s LawE． Until recently, most states weighing privacy questions relied on the federal Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) , a 1974 law intended to protect student education records, But in recent years, the U．S． Department of Education has made regulatory changes to the law, creating many exceptions． For example, education records now may be shared with outside contractors, such as private companies that track grades or attendance on behalf of school systems． The changes have prompted some states to examine whether they should play a stronger role in protecting student data．F． Paige Kowalski, director of state policy and advocacy for the Data Quality Campaign, a nonprofit that advocates for the effective use of data to improve student achievement, said states are starting to realize they need more sophisticated and comprehensive policies, regulations andpractices around student privacy, and that they can't just rely on FERPA．G． "All states have privacy laws on the books, but a lot of them are old," Kowalski said． "A lot of them just don't have modern policies that were written acknowledging that data is even at the state level, let alone stored electronically and because of technology is able to move．" Kowalski added that states' privacy policies might refer to outdated information practices, such as checking out paper documents, while failing to discuss modern needs like encryption (加密)．H． Most school districts rely on cloud computing--meaning data are stored on servers that can be accessed through the Internet--for everything from cafeteria payments to attendance records． But a recent study by the Center on Law and Information Policy at Fordham Law School concluded that most cloud-based services are "poorly understood, nontransparent and weakly governed" by schools． Most school districts fail to inform parents that they are using cloud-based services, and many contracts with web-based vendors (供应商) fail to address privacy issues, the study found．Keeping Parents in the DarkI． The Electronic Privacy Information Center, anonprofit research group in Washington, D．C．, filed a lawsuit in February 2012 against the U．S． Department of Education challenging its FERPA changes, but a federal court dismissed the lawsuit for lack of standing．。

2019英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题及答案解析(6)

2019英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题及答案解析(6) Section BDirections：In this section，you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.How to Use a LibraryA)You’re driving your car home from work or sch001.And something goes wron9.The engine stalls out at lights，holds back as you go to pass.It needs a tune up and soon.Where do you go? The library.You can take out an auto repair manual that tells step by step how to tune up your make and model.Or your tennis game has fallen off.You’ve lost your touch atthe net.Where do you go? The library for a few books on improving your tennis form.B)“The library!”you say.“That’s where my teacher sends me to dough homework."Unfortunately, I’ve foundthat’s exactly the way many people feel.If you’re among them.you’re den ying yourself the easiest way to improve yourself, enjoy yourself and even cope with life.My first suggestion for making the most of your library is to do what I did，read and read and read.For pleasure——and for understanding.C)If it’s TV that keeps you from cultivating this delicious habit，I can offer a sure remedy.Take home from the library a stack of books that might look interestin9.Pile them on the TV set.Next time you are tempted to turn on a program you really don’t want to see，reach for a book instead.D)Over the years，people collect a mental list of books they mean to read.If you don’t have such a list，here is the suggestion.Take from the library some of the books you might have enjoyed dramatized on TV, like Remargue’s All Quiet on the Western Front，Clavell’s Shegun，Tolkien’s The Hobbit，or Victor Hugo’s Les Mise Rables.If you like what you read、you can follow up with other satisfying books by the same authors.E)Some people in their reading limit themselves to current talked—about best sellers.Oh，what they miss! The library is full of yesterday’s best sellers;and they still make compelling reading today. Some that I've enjoyed：A.B.Guthrie’s The Big Sky，Carl Van Doren’s Benjamin Franklin，Mari Sandoz’s.Old Jules，and Norman Mailer’s The Naked and the Dead.F) How do you find these or any other books you’re looking for? It’s easy—with the card catalog. Every time I go to the library——and I go more than once a week——I invariably make a beeline to the card catalog before anything else.It’s the n ucleus of any public library.The card catalog lists every book in the library by：1.author;2.title;3.subject.Let’s pick an interesting subject to look up.I have always been fascinated by astronomy.You’llbe surprised at the wealth of material you will find under “a strong my” to draw upon.And the absorbing books you didn’t know existed on it.CAUTION：Always have a pencil and paper when you use the card catal09.G) Once you jot down the numbers of the books you are interested in，you are ready to find them on theshelves.Libraries call the shelves “the stacks”.In many smaller libraries，which you’ll be using，the stacks will be open for you to browse.To me there is a special thrill in tracking down the books I want in the stacks !Forinvariably,I find books about which I knew nothin9，and these often turn out to be the very ones l need.You will find the same thing happening to you when you start to browse in the stacks.“A learned mind is the end product of browsing.”CAUTION：If you take a book from the stack s to your work desk，do not try to return it to its properplace.That’s work for the experts.If you replace it incorrectly, the next seeker won’t be able to find it.H)Some of the brightest and rmed men and women in America are the librarians who specialize in providing reference help.Introduce yourself State your problem.And be amazed at how much he p you will receive.CAUTION：Don’t waste the time of this expert by asking silly questions you ought to solve yourself.Save the reference librarian for the really big ones.I) You shot：ld also learn to use the Reader's Guide to Periodical Literature.This green—bound index is me of themost useful items in any library.It indexes all the articlesin the major magazines，including newspaper magazine supplements.Thus it provides a guide to the very latestexpert information of any subject that interests you.So ifyou want to do a really first—class job，find out which magazines your library subscribes to，then consult theReader's Guide and track down recent articles on yoursubject.When you use this wonderful tool effectively, youshow the mark of a real scholar.J) Since you can take most books home，but not magazines，take full notes when using the latter. Many libraries today provide a reprographic machine that can quickly copy pagesyou need from magazines and books.Ask about it：If you are working on a project of some size which will require repeated library visits，keep a small notebook in which you record the identification numbers of the books you will be using frequently.This will save you valuable time，because youwon’t have to consult the card catalog or search aimlessly through the stacks each time you visit for material youseek.Sol fie of the very best books in any library are the reference books，which may not be taken home.Learn whattopics they cover and how best to use them，for these booksare wonderful repositories (储藏室、资料库)of human knowledge.K) Your library can give you help on any subject.It can even be your business and legal advisor.How many times have you scratched your head over how to get a tax rebate(折扣)on your summer job? You，11 find guides to that.Want to defend yourself in traffic coup? Find out how in legal books at the library.L) Library Projects Can Be Fun and Rewardin9.Here are a few ideas：1.What are your roots? Trace your ancestors.Manylibraries specialize in genealogy.2.Did George Washington sleep nearby? Or Billy the Kid? Your library’s collection of local history books can put you on the trail.3.Cook a Polynesian feast.Or an ancient Romanbanquet.Read how in the library’s cook books.4.Take up photography.Check the library for consumer reviews of cameras before you buy.Take out books on lightin9，composition，or darkroom techniques or—you name it!M)If you haven，t detected by now my enthusiasm for libraries，let me offer two personal notes.I'm particularly pleased that in recent years two beautiful libraries havebeen named after me：a small community library in Quakertown，Pennsylvania，and the huge research library located at the University of Northern Colorado in Greeley.And I likelibraries so much that I married a librarian.46.The nucleus of any public library is the car，d catalog.47.Yesterday’s best sellers are still good for readin9，which sho uldn’t be overlooked.48.The author suggests that people should go to thelibrary for answers when things go wrong49.The Reader，s Guide is a green—bound index which provides a guide to very latest expert information of any subject that interests readers.50.The sure remedy to kick the TV habit is to take home from the library interesting books to read.51.There are various kinds of fun and rewarding projects available in different libraries.52.A notebook will help readers to record theidentification numbers of the frequently used books which can’t be taken home.53.Readers should not try to return the book taken from the stacks to their desk to its proper place.54.When asking for help，readers are suggested notasking the reference librarians silly questions they ought to solve themselves.55.When asking for help，readers are suggested notasking the reference librarians silly questions they ought to solve themselves.46.The nucleus of any public library is the card catalog.任何公共图书馆的核心都是卡片目录。

2019年12月英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题(4)

2019年12月英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题（4） Apps Designed for Distracted DriversA． Marry Williams recalls the conversations he and his wife would have with their two daughters about the dangers of talking and texting while driving．．"It's always a concern," said Williams． "We just drilled it into their heads over and over until they said 'Okay, we get it,' and when we saw something [about the dangers of drivers texting] on TV we made sure they saw it, too．"B． Parents like Williams have good reason toworry． Half of teens say they tall on a cell phone while driving, a third say they swap text messages, and almost half say they've been a passenger in a vehicle with a teen driver whose phone use put them at risk, according to federal statistics． Teen drivers are more likely to get into a fatal crash than anyone under the age of 80, in part because their brains are still developing the system that evaluates risk．C． These days, however, there's an app for that, several of them, in fact． There are apps that prevent mobile-device use while driving, and some of them alert parents or employers when a user tries to beat the system．They've emerged on the market as alarm grows over the carnage caused by distracted driving．D． More than 3,300 people die and 420,000 are injured annually in crashes attributed to distracted drivers． But those numbers may be low because, other than a driver's admission of fault, it's a challenge to prove thatdistraction caused a crash． Among all drivers involved infatal crashes, teens were the most likely to have been distracted, National Highway Traffic Administration data show． "They feel invincible," said Jurek Grabowski, director of research at the AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety． "They have large social networks and they want to stay in contact with them．"E． Conversations on the go, texting, surfing theInternet and taking selfies (自拍) are such a habit among teens that studies show they underestimate the risk． Teens make up a significant percentage of the approximately 660,000 drivers who are having phone conversations or manipulating electronic devices while driving at any given moment during daylight hours in the United States． And most teenagers who chat, text or surf while driving are breaking the law． The District and 37 states--including Maryland and Virginia--ban novice drivers from talking on the phone while driving． The three local jurisdictions (管辖区) and 41 other states barall drivers from sending and receiving text messages while driving． But respect for those laws is similar to that given the speed limit．F． "We need to almost turn this thing into a brick," David Coleman said recently, holding up his cell phone while sitting in a Bowie Starbucks． "It can't just be about texting． It has to be about e-mail, Facebook and no inappropriate calls．" Coleman is marketing director for Louisiana-based Cellcontrol, one of several companies competing for the chance to shut down people's mobile devices while they're driving． Most of the companies that sell cell phone service--Verizon, AT&T, Sprint and others--also provide apps that can limit access．G． Many of the apps are triggered when a GPS sensor detects that a vehicle is in motion, and some—such as AT&T's DriveMode---will alert parents or employers when the app has been turned off or disabled．Independent experts considerthat a feature buyers should look for． "Especially for younger drivers． As clever as you can be, they will be more clever," said Leo McCloskey, a tech specialist for the Intelligent Transportation Society of America． "The best way to do it is to integrate the device with the vehicle so that you could have more precise control．"H． That precise control means that parents or employers can select the features they want to allow their drivers to use and block those that worry them． "It's important to have a solid oversight function so that use can be monitored by a fleet (车队) manager or parent," said Russ Rader of the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety． "Cellcontrol is one of the better, most complete systems． TeenSafer is another one that we've looked at that works pretty well．．These products are going to be the most useful for fleet operators and for parents trying to control phone use by their driving teens． Both Cellcontrol and TeenSafer will report attempts to disrupt the system．"I． Businesses that send fleets of cars, vans or trucks onto the streets have shown increasing interest in those products, as juries have issued multimillion-dollar rewards to those injured or killed by distracted drivers who were on the job．J． Systems integrated into the vehicle are triggered when the car or truck begins to move． "We're not guessingbased on a satellite, we're depending on the vehicle to tell us," said Cellcontrol's Coleman as he spent a morning demonstrating his company's product in Prince George's County． "Otherwise, how do I know you're not on a Greyhound bus or on a plane that has landed and is taxiing (滑行) to the gate?"K． Cellcontrol provides two options for connecting to a vehicle． One is a device the size of an E-Zpass transponder (电子收费应答器) that is glued to the windshield with the same adhesive material used to secure rearview mirrors． The more sophisticated choice plugs in to a vehicle's diagnostic computer port． The $129-system works with iPhones, Androids, BlackBerrys and Windows Mobile．L． The system involves an app that is downloaded to the phone of the driver--teenager or employee． The key to the system is software that can be installed on a home computer, tablet or mobile device that allows an authorized person--parent or boss--to customize what the driver is permitted to do, and to monitor compliance (遵从)． "We're not blocking the signal, we're allowing a protective policy to be brought into the device," he said． "The administrator has the option to make the policy as restrictive as possible, or not．" For example, phone use could be restricted to a hands-free device． Or calls could be restricted to an emergency number or a parent or office． Or parents could attempt to mandate (命令) that all passengers in the car driven by their teenager download the app． "You could decide this is the kids' car and we don't want a stupid sitting in the passenger's seat showing the driver YouTube videos," Coleman said．M． Coleman demonstrated how his phone was pre-programmed to go into safe mode when he drove, but when handed to a passenger it was fully operative． A second phone he brought along went into safe mode when the car was moving, regardless of whether it was in his hands or those of apassenger． Acknowledging that parents are dealing with a technology-savvy (精通科技的) generation and that employers exist in a technologically smart world, Coleman said, "We've built in some traps and fail-safes (故障安全装置) to notifythe parent or employer．"N． McCloskey said that companies like Cellcontrol that provide integrated services are "where we need to go．" "The operating system of the phone itself can interact with the operating system of the vehicle in such a way that services can be authorized, services can be presented, and servicescan be consumed all in a safe and predictable manner," McCloskey said．O． Although he is concerned about distracted driving, McCloskey thinks it as a relatively short-term problem．"Inthe medium to long term, as autonomous vehicles really start making a mark, all this goes away as a concern," he said．46． The deaths and injuries caused by distracted drivingmay be underestimated due to the difficulty to identify the role of distraction in an accident．47． McCloskey believes that distracted driving will nolonger be a problem with the emergence of autonomous vehicles．48． Williams made every effort to raise his teens' awareness about the danger of phone use while driving．49． Cellcontrol is recommended as one of the best systems available for those parents who worry about the safety oftheir driving teens．50． Cellcontrol makes it possible that parents control the phone use of the passengers when their child's is the driver．51． The laws in many parts of the US restrict phone usewhile driving, which are nevertheless poorly observed in practice．52． Coleman demonstrated his company's product with two cell phones functioning in different ways．53． Statistics show that phone use is a common phenomenon among teen drivers, which may lead to deadly traffic accidents．54． Some companies suffered a huge economic loss due totheir employees' distracted driving．55． The system of Cellcontrol can be integrated into avehicle in two different ways．。

2019英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题及答案(五)

2019英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题及答案(五)Section B[A] We apply for credit for many reasons-maybe it's to buy a new car, house, computer, or get a student loan. However, that there is a special number that can determine whether you can do these things, or at least how much it will cost you. A credit score is a number that is calculated based on your credit history to give lenders a simpler "lend/don't lend" answer for people who are applying for credit or loans. This number helps the lender identify the level of risk they may be taking if they lend to someone. The credit score is quicker and less subjective. It's the credit score that makes it possible to get instant credit at places like electronics stores and department stores.[B] Although there are several scoring methods, the method most commonly used by lenders is known as a FICO because of its origins with Fair Isaac Corporation. Fair Isaac is an independent company that came up with the scoring method and software used by banks and lenders, insurers and other businesses. Each of the three major credit bureaus (Experian, Equifax and TransUnion) worked with Fair Isaac in the early 1980's to come up with the scoring method.[C] The three national credit bureaus each have their own version of the FICO score with their own names. Equifax has the Beacon system, TransUnion has the Empirica system, and Experian has the Experian/Falr Isaac system. Each is based on the original Fair Isaac FICO scoring method and produces equivalent numerical results for any given creditreport. Some lenders also have their own scoring methods. Other scoring methods may include information such as your income or how long you've been at the same job.[D] Think of your credit score, like your grade in school. A teacher calculates grades by taking scores from tests, homework, attendance and anything else they want to use, weighting each one according to importance in order to come up with a final single number (or letter)score. Yourcredit score is calculated in a very similar manner. Insteadof using the scores from pop quizzes and reports you wrote,it uses the information in your credit report.[E] 35 percent of the score is based on your payment history. This makes sense since one of the primary reasons a lender wants to see the score is to find out if (and how timely)you pay your bills. The score is affected by how many bills have been paid late, how many were sent out for collection, any bankruptcies, etc. When these things happened also comes into play. The more recent, the worse it will befor your overall score.[F] 30 percent of the score is based on outstanding debt. How much do you owe on car or home loans? How many creditcards do you have that are at their credit limits? The more cards you have at their limits, the lower your score will be. The rule of thumb is to keep your card balances at 25% orless of their limits.[G] 15 percent of the score is based on the length oftime you've had credit. The longer you've had established credit, the better it is for your overall credit score. Why?Because more information about your past payment history gives a more accurate prediction of your future actions.[H] 10 percent of the score is based on the number of inquiries on your report. If you've applied for a lot of credit cards or loans, you will have a lot of inquiries on your credit report. These are bad for your score because they indicate that you may be in some kind of financial trouble or may be taking on a lot of debt (even if you haven't used the cards or gotten the loans). The more recent these inquiries are, the worse for your credit score. FICO scores only count inquiries from the past years.[I] 10 percent of the score is based on the types of credit you currently have. The number of loans and available credit from credit cards you have makes a difference. Thereis no magic number or combination of types of accounts that you shouldn't have. These actually come more into play if there isn't as much other information on your credit report on which to base the score. This information is compared to the credit performance of other consumers with similar histories and profiles.[J] Your credit score doesn't just affect whether or not you get a loan; it also affects how much that loan is going to cost you. As your credit score increases, your credit risk decreases. This means your interest rate decreases. There are other factors that influence the interest rate you get for a loan besides your credit score. Things like the type of property you are using the loan to buy, how much of your own money is going into it, the costs the lender has to make the loan, etc.。

2019年12月英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题(一)

2019年12月英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题(一)Section BDirections： In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to-it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Six Steps to Tackling Your Student Loans[A] Any payment is a good debt payment, but a strategy canbe useful too-even if your strategy means opening the envelope.Open the envelope[B] This is the hardest thing to do. The bills come with the "Sallie Mae" or "Discover" logo on them and you toss them aside, hoping to deal with them when you feel less besieged (围攻). You know you started owing some amount- $20,000, $50,000, $100,000—and that the interest is piling up, butyou don't know exactly how much or how. When faced with heavy debt, many people try to avoid seeing the numbers.[C] This doesn't work, even psychologically. Anyone who haslet credit-card bills or mortgage bills pile up, 1reopened, knows that avoiding the envelope does not reduce your anxiety; it increases it. As those envelopes multiply, they take over your psychological state. In horror movies, it's like the monster in the room behind the door. You don't know what itlooks like, but it keeps you scared and immobile. So, open the envelope.[D] Or, even better, log in online. All student loan providers have a web site where you can see what you owe, your interest rates, and your payment schedules. SallieMae. com is no-frills, but still allows you to see your loans on one screen, including your interest rates. Discover. corn also has a pretty basic site. Citibank has a more complex site. Get used to logging into these sites pretty often; ff you need motivation, think of it as visiting your money while it's in prison.[E] The websites all have one thing in common： they let you see how much you owe, and what your interest is, and they make it easy to pay-but they don't let you see how much your debt load is growing. This is a major motivating factor in paying down your loans. Identify your loans[F] Are your loans held by the federal government--usually through Sallie Mae--or through "private" lenders like Citibank or Discover? if you don't know who holds your loans, you can find out here, at the National Student Loan Data System.[G] Why do you need to know who holds your loans? This will make a difference to your payment options and your interest rates, if you have a federal loan, for instance, yourinterest rate is probably very low, around 32% ; ff you have private loans, the interest rates are likely to be much higher, around 48%. Federal loans also give you options like requesting forbearance (延期还贷) ff you're out of work or ifyour income is too low-handy for the times when you're down on your luck.Start seeing your debt in new ways[H] The websites of lenders are often limited and only have basic information. To really tackle your student loans, it can often be useful to visualize how much progress you're making. There are several ways to do that.[I] One really useful new free site is Tuition. io, which gathers information for all your loans in one place. You can see your debt in colorful charts, play around with repayment plans, and, once you start paying your loans, you can see the numbers start to fall. That can be very motivating.[J] For the same effect that you can customize yourself, try a Google Docs spreadsheet. There's a template that already exists for paying down loans; it has the unpromising title of "Loan amortization schedule by Vertex42. corn" but it has very handy calculators built in so that you can tweak your monthly payments to see how much progress you can make if you increase or decrease your payments in any given month. If you don't like that template, just create a Google Docs spreadsheet with the categories you need： date; loanname/number; loan interest rate; starting loan amount( including how much you owe on that date) ; payment amount you made on that date; ending loan amount after that payment. After you have enough entries, you can start creating graphs; there are few things more satisfying than seeing that graph move downward as you pay off your debt.。

2019大学英语六级阅读全真模拟题及答案汇总

2019大学英语六级阅读全真模拟题汇总卷面总分：100分答题时间：60分钟试卷题量：10题一、问答题（共10题，共100分）1.Most of us are taught to pay attention to what is said—the words. Words do provide us with some information, but meanings are derived from so many other sources that it would hinder our effectiveness as a partner to a relationship to rely too heavily on words alone. Words are used to describe only a small part of the many ideas we associate with any given message. Sometimes we can gain insight into some of those associations if we listen for more than words. We don’t always say what we mean or mean what we say. Sometimes our words don’t mean anything except “I’m letting off some steam. I don’t really want you to pay close attention to what I’m saying. Just pay attention to what I’m feeling.”Mostly we mean several things at once. A person wanting to purchase a house says to the current owner, “This step has to be fixed before I’ll buy.”The owner says, “It’s been like that for years.”Actually, the step hasn’t been like that for years, but the unspoken message is: “I don’t want to fix it. We put up with it. Why can’t you?”The search for a more expansive view of meaning can be developed of examining a message interms of who said it, when it occurred, the related conditions or situation, and how it was said.When a message occurs can also reveal associated meaning. Let us assume two couples do exactly the same amount of kissing and arguing. But one couple always kisses after an argument and the other couple always argues after a kiss. The ordering of the behaviors may mean a great deal more than the frequency of the behavior. A friend’s unusually docile behavior may only be understood by noting that it was preceded by situations that required an abnormal amount of assertiveness. Some responses may be directly linked to a developing pattern of responses and defy logic. For example, a person who says “No!”to a serials of charges like “You’re dumb,”“You’re lazy,”and “You’re dishonest,”may also say “No!”and try to justify his or her response if the next statement is “And you’re good looking.”We would do well to listen for how messages are presented. The words, “If sure has been nice to have you over,”can be said with emphasis and excitement or ritualistically. The phrase can be said once or repeated several times. And the meanings we associate with the phrase will change accordingly. Sometimes if we say something infrequently it assumes more importance; sometimes the more we say something the less importance it assumes.1.Effective communication is rendered possible between two conversing partners, if ___.A.they use proper words to carry their ideas.B.they both speak truly of their own feelings.C.they try to understand each other’s ideas beyond words.D.they are capable of associating meaning with their words.2.“I’m letting off some steam”in paragraph 1 means___.A.I’m just calling your attention.B.I’m just kidding.C.I’m just saying the opposite.D.I’m just giving off some sound.3.The house-owner’s example shows that he actually means___.A.the step has been like that for years.B.he doesn’t think it necessary to fix the step.C.the condition of the step is only a minor fault.D.the cost involved in the fixing should be shared.4.Some responses and behaviors may appear very illogical, but are justifiable if___.A.linked to an abnormal amount of assertiveness.B.seen as one’s habitual pattern of behavior.C.taken as part of an ordering sequence.D.expressed to a series of charges.5.The word “ritualistically”in the last paragraph equals something done___.A.without true intention.B.light-heartedly.C.in a way of ceremony.D.with less emphasis.2.Recent research has claimed that an excess of positive ions in the air can have an ill effect on people’s physical or psychological health. What are positive ions? Well, the air is full of ions, electrically charged particles, and generally there is a rough balance between the positive and the negative charged. But sometimes this balance becomes disturbed and a larger proportion of positive ions are found. This happens naturallybefore thunderstorm, earthquakes when winds such as the Mistral, Hamsin or Sharav are blowing in certain countries. Or it can be caused by a build-up of static electricity indoors from carpets or clothing made of man-made fibres, or from TV sets, duplicators or computer display screens.When a large number of positive ions are present in the air many people experience unpleasant effects such as headaches, fatigue, irritability, and some sensitive people suffer nausea or even mental disturbance. Animals are also affected, particularly before earthquakes, snakes have been observed to come out of hibernation, rats to flee from their burrows, dogs howl and cats jump about unaccountably. This has led the US Geographical Survey to fund a network of volunteers to watch animals in an effort to foresee such disasters before they hit vulnerable areas such as California.Conversely, when large numbers of negative ions are present, then people have a feeling of well-being. Natural conditions that produce these large amounts are near the sea, close to waterfalls or fountains, or in any place where water is sprayed, or forms a spray. This probably accounts for the beneficial effect of a holiday by the sea, or in the mountains with tumbling streams or waterfalls.To increase the supply of negative ions indoors, some scientists recommend the use of ionisers: small portable machines, which generate negative ions. They claim that ionisers not only clean and refresh the air but also improve the health of people sensitive to excess positive ions. Of course, there are the detractors, other scientists, who dismiss such claims and are skeptical about negative/positive ion research. Therefore people can only make up their own minds by observing the effects on themselves, or on others, of a negative rich or poor environment. After all it is debatable whether depending on seismic readings to anticipate earthquakes is more effective than watching the cat.1.What effect does exceeding positive ionization have on some people?A.They think they are insane.B.They feel rather bad-tempered and short-fussed.C.They become violently sick.D.They are too tired to do anything.2.In accordance with the passage, static electricity can be caused by___.ing home-made electrical goods.B.wearing clothes made of natural materials.C.walking on artificial floor coverings.D.copying TV programs on a computer.3.A high negative ion count is likely to be found___.A.near a pound with a water pump.B.close to a slow-flowing river.C.high in some barren mountains.D.by a rotating water sprinkler.4.What kind of machine can generate negative ions indoors?A.Ionisers.B.Air-conditioners.C.Exhaust-fansD.Vacuum pumps.5.Some scientists believe that___.A.watching animals to anticipate earthquakes is more effective than depending on seismography.B.the unusual behavior of animals cannot be trusted.C.neither watching nor using seismographs is reliable.D.earthquake3.Once it was possible to define male and female roles easily by the division of labor. Men worked outside the home and earned the income to support their families, while women cooked the meals and took care of the home and the children. These roles were firmly fixed for most people, and there was not much opportunity for women to exchange their roles. But by the middle of this century, men’s and women’s roles were becoming less firmly fixed.In the 1950s, economic and social success was the goal of the typical American. But in the 1960s a new force developed called the counterculture. The people involved in this movement did not value the middle-class American goals. The counterculture presented men and women with new role choices. Taking more interest in childcare, men began to share child-raising tasks with their wives. In fact, some young men and women moved to communal homes or farms where the economic and childcare responsibilities were shared equally by both sexes. In addition, many Americans did not value the traditional male role of soldier. Some young men refused to be drafted as soldiers to fight in the war in Vietnam.In terms of numbers, the counterculture was not a very large group of people. But its influence spread to many parts of American society.Working men of all classes began to change their economic and social patterns. Industrial workers and business executives alike cut down on “overtime”work so that they could spend more leisure time with their families. Some doctors, lawyers, and teachers turned away from high paying situations to practice their professions in poorer neighborhoods. In the 1970s, the feminist movement, or women’s liberation, produced additional economic and social changes. Women of all ages and at all levels of society were entering the work force in greater numbers. Most of them still took traditional women’s jobs as public school teaching, nursing, and secretarial work. But some women began to enter traditionally male occupations: police work, banking, dentistry, and construction work. Women were asking for equal work, and equal opportunities for promotion.Today the experts generally agree that important changes are taking place in the roles of men and women. Naturally, there are difficulties in adjusting to these transformations.1.Which of the following best express the main idea of Paragraph 1?A.Women usually worked outside the home for wages.B.Men and women’s roles were easily exchanged in the past.C.Men’s roles at home were more firmly fixed than women’s.D.Men and women’s roles were usually quite separated in the past.2.Which sentence best expresses the main idea of Paragraph 2?A.The first sentence.B.The second and the third sentences.C.The fourth sentence.D.The last sentence.3.In the passage the author proposes that the counterculture___.A.destroyed the United States.B.transformed some American values.C.was not important in the United States.D.brought people more leisure time with their families.4.It could be inferred from the passage that___.A.men and women will never share the same goals.B.some men will be willing to exchange their traditional male roles.C.most men will be happy to share some of the household responsibilities with their wives.D.more American households are headed by women than ever before.5.The best title for the passage may be ___.A.Results of Feminist MovementsB.New influence in American LifeC.Counterculture and Its consequenceD.Traditional Division of Male and Female Roles.4.I live in the land of Disney, Hollywood and year-round sun. You may think people in such a glamorous, fun-filled place are happier than others. If so, you have some mistaken ideas about the nature of happiness.Many intelligent people still equate happiness with fun. The truth is that fun and happiness have little or nothing in common. Fun is what we experience during an act. Happiness is what we experience after an act. It is a deeper, more abiding emotion.Going to an amusement park or ball game, watching a movie or television, are fun activities that help us relax, temporarily forget our problems and maybe even laugh. But they do not bring happiness, because their positive effects end when the fun ends.I have often thought that if Hollywood stars have a role to play, it is to teach us that happiness has nothing to do with fun. These rich, beautiful individuals have constant access to glamorous parties, fancy cars, expensive homes, everything that spells “happiness”. But in memoir after memoir, celebrities reveal the unhappiness hidden beneath all their fun: depression, alcoholism, drug addiction, broken marriages, troubled children and profound loneliness.Ask a bachelor why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he’s honest, he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adventure and excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features. Similarly, couples that choose not to have children are deciding in favor of painless fun over painful happiness. They can dine out ever they want and sleep as late as they want. Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole night’s sleep or a three-day vacation. I don’t know any parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising children. Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations we can ever come to. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that newcar or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those rich and glamorous people we were so sure are happy because they are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.1.Which of the following is true?A.Fun creates long-lasting satisfaction.B.Fun provides enjoyment while pain leads to happiness.C.Happiness is enduring whereas fun is short-lived.D.Fun that is long-standing may lead to happiness.2.To the author, Hollywood stars all have an important role to play that is to __.A.rite memoir after memoir about their happiness.B.tell the public that happiness has nothing to do with fun.C.teach people how to enjoy their lives.D.bring happiness to the public instead of going to glamorous parties.3.In the author’s opinion, marriage___.A.affords greater fun.B.leads to raising children.C.indicates commitment.D.ends in pain.4.Couples having infant children___.A.are lucky since they can have a whole night’s sleep.B.find fun in tucking them into bed at night.C.find more time to play and joke with them.D.derive happiness from their endeavor.5.If one get the meaning of the true sense of happiness, he will__.A.stop playing games and joking with others.B.make the best use of his time increasing happiness.C.give a free hand to money.D.keep himself with his family.5.We can begin our discussion of “population as global issue”with what most persons mean when they discuss “the population problem”: too many people on earth and a too rapid increase in the number added each year. The facts are not in dispute, It was quite right to employ theanalogy that likened demographic growth to “a long, thin powder fuse that burns steadily and haltingly until it finally reaches the charge and explodes.”To understand the current situation, which is characterized by rapid increases in population, it is necessary to understand the history of population trends. Rapid growth is a comparatively recent phenomenon. Looking back at the 8,000 years of demographic history, we find that populations have been virtually stable or growing very slightly for most of human history. For most of our ancestors, life was hard, often nasty, and very short. There was high fertility in most places, but this was usually balanced by high mortality. For most of human history, it was seldom the case that one in ten persons would live past forty, while infancy and childhood were especially risky periods. Often, societies were in clear danger of extinction because death rates could exceed their birthrates. Thus, the population problem throughout most of history was how to prevent extinction of the human race.This pattern is important to notice. Not only does it put the current problems of demographic growth into a historical perspective, but it suggests that the cause of rapid increase in population in recent years is not a sudden enthusiasm for more children, but an improvement in the conditions that traditionally have caused high mortality.Demographic history can be divided into two major periods: a time of long, slow growth which extended from about 8,000 BC.till approximately AD. 1650. In the first period of some 9600 years, the population increased from some 8 million to 500 million in 1650. Between 1650 and the present, the population has increased from 500 million to more than 4 billion. And it is estimated that by the year 2000 there will be 6.2 billion people throughout the world. One way to appreciate this dramatic difference in such abstract numbers is to reduce the time frame to something that is more manageable. Between 8000BC and 1650, an average of only 50,000 persons was being added annually to the world’s population each year. At present, this number is added every six hours. The increase is about 80,000,000 persons annually.1.Which of the following demographic growth pattern is most suitable for the long thin powder fuse analogy?A.A virtually stable or slightly decreasing period and then a sudden explosion of population.B.A slow growth for a long time and then a period of rapid, dramatic increase.C.Too many people on earth and a few rapid increase in the number added each year.D.A long period when death rates exceeds birthrates and then a short period with higher fertility and lower mortality.2.During the first period of demographic history, societies were often in danger of extinction because___.A.only one in ten persons could live past 40.B.there was higher mortality than fertility in most places.C.it was too dangerous to have babies due to the poor conditions.D.our ancestors had little enthusiasm for more children.3.Which statement is true about population increase?A.There might be an increase of 2.2 billion persons from now to the year 2000.B.About 50,000 babies are born every six hours at present.C.Between 8000 BC and the present, the population increase is about 80,000,000 persons each year.D.The population increased faster between 8000BC and 1650 than between 1650 and the present.4.The author of the passage intends to___.A.warn people against the population explosion in the near future.pare the demographic growth pattern in the past with that after 1650.C.find out the cause for rapid increase in population in recent years.D.present us a clear and complete picture of the demographic growth.5.The word “demographic”in the first paragraph means___.A.statistics of human.B.surroundings study.C.accumulation of human.D.development of human.6.Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time; if corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the languages he uses and the language those around him use. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people. In the same way, when children learn to do all the other things they learn to do without being taught-to walk, run, climb, whistle, ride abicycle-compare those performances with those of more skilled people,and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his own mistakes for himself, let alone correct them. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to. Soon he becomes dependent on the teacher. Let him do it himself. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word says, what answer is to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not.If it is a matter of right answers, as it may be in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time on such routine work? Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can’t find the way to get the right answer. Let’s end this nonsense of grades, exams, marks, Let us throw them all out, and let the children learn what all educated persons must some day learn, how to measure their own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know.Let them get on with this job in the way that seems sensible to them. With our help as school teachers if they ask for it. The idea that there is a body of knowledge to be learnt at school and used for the rest of one’s life is nonsense in a world as complicated and rapidly changing as ours. Anxious parents and teachers say, “But suppose they fail to learnsomething essential they will need to get in the world?”Don’t worry! If it is essential, they will go out into the world and learn it.1.What does the author think is the best way for children to learn things?A.by copying what other people do.B.by making mistakes and having them corrected.C.by listening to explanations from skilled people.D.by asking a great many questions.2.What does the author think teachers do which they should not do?A.They give children correct answers.B.They point out children’s mistakes to them.C.They allow children to mark their own work.D.They encourage children to mark to copy from one another.3.The passage suggests that learning to speak and learning to ride a bicycle are___.A.not really important skills.B.more important than other skills.C.basically different from learning adult skills.D.basically the same as learning other skills.4.Exams, grades, and marks should be abolished because children’s progress should only be estimated by___.cated persons.B.the children themselves.C.teachers.D.parents.5.The author fears that children will grow up into adults while being___.A.too independent of others.B.too critical of themselves.C.incapable to think for themselves.D.incapable to use basic skills.7.The discovery of the Antarctic not only proved one of the most interesting of all geographical adventures, but created what might be called “the heroic age of Antarctic exploration”. By their tremendous heroism, men such as Shakleton, Scott, and Amundsen caused a new continent to emerge from the shadows, and yet that heroic age, littlemore than a century old, is already passing. Modern science and inventions are revolutionizing the endurance, future journeys into these icy wastes will probably depend on motor vehicles equipped with caterpillar traction rather than on the dogsthat earlier discoverers found so invaluable and hardly comparable.Few realize that this Antarctic continent is almost equal in size to South America, and enormous field of work awaits geographers and prospectors. The coasts of this continent remain to be accurately charted, and the maping of the whole of the interior presents a formidable task to the cartographers who undertake the work. Once their labors are completed, it will be possible to prospect the vast natural resources which scientists believe will furnish one of the largest treasure hoards of metals and minerals the world has yet known, and almost inexhaustible sources of copper,coal, uranium, and many other ores will become available to man. Such discoveries will usher in an era of practical exploitation of the Antarctic wastes.The polar darkness which hides this continent for the six winter months will be defeated by huge batteries of light, and make possible the establishing of air-fields for the future inter-continental air services by making these areas as light as day. Present flying routes will be completely changed, for the Antarctic refueling bases will make flightsfrom Australia to South America comparatively easy over the 5,000 miles journey.The climate is not likely to offer an insuperable problem, for the explorer Admiral Byrd has shown that the climate is possible even for men completely untrained for expeditions into those frozen wastes. Some of his parties were men who had never seen snow before, and yet he records that they survived the rigors of the Antarctic climate comfortably, so that, provided that the appropriate installations are made, we may assume that human beings from all countries could live there safely. Byrd even affirms that it is probably the most healthy climate in the world, for the intense cold of thousands of years has sterilize this continent, and rendered it absolutely germfree, with the consequences that ordinary and extraordinary sickness and diseases from which man suffers in other zones with different climates are here utterly unknown. There exist no problems of conservation and preservation of food supplies, for the latter keep indefinitely without any signs of deterioration; it may even be that later generations will come to regard the Antarctic as the natural storehouse for the whole world.Plans are already on foot to set up permanent bases on the shores of this continent, and what so few years ago was regarded as a “dead continent”now promises to be a most active center of human life and endeavor.1.When did man begin to explore the Antarctic?A.About 100years ago.B.In this century.C.At the beginning of the 19th century.D.In 1798.2.What must the explorers be, even though they have modern equipment and techniques?A.Brave and toughB.Stubborn and arrogant.C.Well-liked and humorous.D.Stout and smart.3.The most healthy climate in the world is___.A.in South America.B.in the Arctic Region.C.in the Antarctic Continent.D.in the Atlantic Ocean.4.What kind of metals and minerals can we find in the Antarctic?A.Magnetite, coal and ores.B.Copper, coal and uranium.C.Silver, natural gas and uranium.D.Aluminum, copper and natural gas.5.What is planned for the continent?A.Building dams along the coasts.B.Setting up several summer resorts along the coasts.C.Mapping the coast and whole territory.D.Setting up permanent bases on the coasts.8.Without regular supplies of some hormones our capacity to behave would be seriously impaired; without others we would soon die. Tiny amounts of some hormones can modify moods and actions, our inclination to eat or drink, our aggressiveness or submissiveness, and our reproductive and parental behavior. And hormones do more than influence adult behavior; early in life they help to determine the development of bodily form and may even determine an individual’s behavioral capacities. Later in life the changing outputs of someendocrine glands and the body’s changing sensitivity to some hormones are essential aspects of the phenomena of aging. Communication within the body and the consequent integration of behavior were considered the exclusive province of the nervous system up to the beginning of the present century. The emergence of endocrinology as a separate discipline can probably be traced to the experiments of Bayliss and Starling on the hormone secretion. This substance is secreted from cells in the intestinal walls when food enters the stomach; it travels through the bloodstream and stimulates the pancreas to liberate pancreatic juice, which aids in digestion. By showing that special cells secret chemical agents that are conveyed by the bloodstream and regulate distant target organs or tissues. Bayliss and starling demonstrated that chemical integration could occur without participation of the nervous system.The term “hormone”was first used with reference to secretion. Starling derived the term from the Greek hormone, meaning “to excite or set in motion. The term “endocrine”was introduced shortly thereafter “Endocrine”is used to refer to glands that secret products into the bloodstream. The term “endocrine”contrasts with “exocrine”, which is applied to glands that secret their products though ducts to the site of action. Examples of exocrine glands are the tear glands, the sweat glands, and the pancreas, which secrets pancreatic juice through a duct into the。

大学英语六级长篇阅读匹配习题

大学英语六级长篇阅读匹配习题大学英语六级长篇阅读匹配习题It's Time to Pay Attention to SleepA. After being diagnosed with brain and lung cancer in 2011, Lynn Mitchell, 68, was averaging about an hour of solid sleep a night. Stressed about her treatments, she was paying for it in hours of lost sleep.B. The brain cancer was already affecting her mobility--Mitchell was often dizzy and would lose her balance--but the lack of sleep made things worse. Even walking became increasingly difficult.Exhausted in the mornings, she was practically incoherent (精神恍惚). When her doctors recommend she see a sleep therapist, Mitchell was relieved at how benign it sounded in comparison to the chemotherapy (化学疗法)she had undergone and the gene therapy trial she was undergoing, which had side effects like nausea and fatigue.C. For about nine weeks, Mitchell worked with the sleep therapist to adjust her sleep habits. She went to bed only when she was extremely fired. She quit watching TV in bed. She stopped drinking caffeinated (含咖啡因的) coffee in the evening. She also learned breathing exercises to relax and help her fall asleep. It was all quite simple and common sense, and most importantly, noninvasive and didn't require taking any pills.D. "It's common knowledge that sleep is needed for day to day function," says Dr. David Rapoport, director of the Sleep Medicine Program at NYU School of Medicine. "What isn't common knowledge is that it really matters--it's not just cosmetic." Rapoport has long seen people seek sleep therapybecause they're chronically fired or suffering from insomnia, but an increasing number of patients are being referred to his center for common diseases, disorders, and mental health.E. Researchers have known for some time that sleep is critical for weight maintenance and hormone balance. And too little sleep is linked to everything from diabetes (糖尿病) to heart disease to depression. Recently, mounting evidence indicates that sleep plays a role in nearly every aspect of health. Beyond chronic illnesses, a child's behavioral problems at school could be rooted in mild sleep apnea (呼吸暂停). And studies have shown children with ADHD (注意力缺陷多动症) are more likely to get insufficient sleep. A recent study published in the journal SLEEP found a link between older men with poor sleep quality and cognitive decline. Another study shows sleep is essential in early childhood for development, learning, and the formation and retention of memories.F. But to many of us, sleep is easily sacrificed, especially since lack of it isn't seen as life threatening.Over time, sleep deprivation can have serious consequences, but we mostly sacrifice a night of sleep here and there, and always say that we'll "catch up." Luckily, it is possible to make up for sleep debt (though it can take a very long time), but most Americans are still chronically sleep deprived.G. While diet and exercise have been a part of public health messaging for decades, doctors and health advocates are now beginning to argue that getting quality sleep may be just as important for overall health. "Sleep is probably easier to change than diet or exercise," says Dr. Michael Grandner , a sleep researcher at the University of Pennsylvania. "It may also give you more of an immediate reward if it helps you get through yourday." Sleep experts claim that it is one of the top three, and sometimes the most, important lifestyle adjustments one can make, in addition to diet and exercise. And while there's more evidence linking diet and exercise as influential health factors, sleep is probably more important in terms of brain and hormonal function. "Among a small group of sleep researchers, it's always been said that eating, exercise, and sleep are the three pillars of health," says Dr. Rapoport.H. In our increasingly professional and digital lives, carving out time for sleep is not only increasingly difficult, but also more necessary. Using technology before bed stimulates us and interferes with our sleep, yet 95% of Americans use some type of electronics like a computer, TV, or cell phone at least a few nights a week within the hour before we go to bed, according to a 2011 National Sleep Foundation survey. "Many doctors, lawyers, and executives stay up late and get up early and bum the candle at both ends," says Dr. Richard Lang, chair of Preventative Medicine at the Cleveland Clinic. "Making sure they pay attention to sleep in the same way they pay attention to diet and exercise is crucial."I. To some, sleep has become a powerful cure to mental health. Arianna Huffington, president and editor-in-chief of the Huffington Post Media Group, advocates that sleep is the secret to success, happiness, and peak performance. After passing out a few years ago from exhaustion and cracking a cheekbone against her desk, Huffington has become something of a sleep evangelist (传道者). In a 2010 TED Women conference, Huffington said, "The way to a more productive, more inspired, more joyful life is getting enough sleep." Research linking high-quality sleep with better mental health is growing; a 2013 study found that treating depressed patients for insomnia can double theirlikelihood of overcoming the disorder.J. While 70% of physicians agree that inadequate sleep is a major health problem, only 43% counsel their patients on the benefits of adequate sleep. But there's growing pressure on primary care physicians to address, and even prescribe, sleep during routine check-ups. In a recent study published in the journal The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, the researchers concluded that health professionals should prescribe sleep to prevent and treat metabolic disorders like obesity and diabetes.K. On the other hand, overlooking sleep as a major health issue can also have deadly consequences. It was recently reported that the operator of the Metro-North train that derailed in New York last year, killing four people and injuring more than 70, had an undiagnosed case of sleep apnea.L. Sleep therapies can range from simply learning new lifestyle behaviors to promote sleep, to figuring out how to position oneself in bed. More drastic measures involve surgery to open up an airway passage for people suffering from disorders like sleep apnea. Sleeping pills can be prescribed too, to get much needed rest, but sleep therapists tend to favor other approaches because of possible dependencies developing.M. A large part of reaping the benefits of sleep is known when you're not getting the right amount.According to a 2013 Gallup survey, 40% of Americans get less than the recommended seven to eight hours a night. While the typical person still logs about 6.8 hours of sleep per night, that's a drop from the 7.9 Americans were getting in the 1940s.N. When it comes to adequate sleep, it's much more personalized than previously thought. Some people feel great on five hours of rest, while others need ten. The best way todetermine if you're getting the right amount, doctors say, is to find out how many hours of sleep you need to be able to wake up without an alarm and feel rested, refreshed, and energetic throughout the day.O. Since reforming her sleep habits, Mitchell has been clocking up to seven hours of shuteye a night for the past two months. "I'm alert in the morning, my balance is better, and I feel more energetic," says Mitchell. Getting enough sleep has helped her better deal with her cancers, and its symptoms. The best news is that she recently found out that her brain tumor is shrinking, and there are fewer cancerous spots on her lungs.46. According to Rapoport, people fail to fully realize the importance of sleep.47. The amount of time for an adequate sleep actually varies from person to person, and thus relies on personal judgment.48. The positive role of sleep therapy in treating depression indicates that sleep also contributes to mental health.49. Compared to the sleep therapy, the other therapies that Mitchell has to go through have some negative side effects.50. Now work and electronic products may play a role in depriving Americans of time for sleep.51. Mitchell has benefited much from sleep therapy in the fight against her brain and lung cancers.52. Among the various methods in sleep therapy, sleeping pills are usually the last choice by health professionals.53. It is recommended that physicians should adopt sleep asa way to prevent or treat some illnesses.54. It is now argued that high-quality sleep is no less important than diet and exercise in affecting health.55. Recent studies show that sleep is related to thebehavioral problems of the kids and the cognitive abilities of the old.答案与解析：46. D. According to Rapoport，people fail to fully realize the importance of sleep.根据拉波波特的观点，人们没有充分意识到睡眠的重要性。

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2019大学英语六级长篇阅读匹配练习题(九)Section BDirections： In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The Kitchen of 2013： Experts Dish[A] The reign of the trophy (奖品 ) kitchen is officially over. The dream kitchens of today aren't about the sexiestsix-burner range or the most exotic countertop material. As cooking has returned to center stage and remodeling budgets have sobered, the kitchen island is nurturing family togetherness and reviving casual entertaining.[B] In kitchens with a small footprint, glass tiles, quartz countem and dish drawers are adding sparkle and practicality. The kitchen of 2013 has soul. "That industrial, commercial style was looking a little cold," says Samantha Emmerling, kitchen editor at Hearst Design Group. "People are spending all their time in there, and they want it warm and inviting, as well as low-maintenance. "[C] A kitchen renovation is still costly. The average 2013 kitchen remodeling job is $ 47,308, down $ 3,742 from last year, according to the National Kitchen & Bath Association. Designers say the look today is less tradition,more transition. Clients are choosing more modern touches such as white or gray cabinets, gray walls and neutral quartz counters, individualized with different textures and touches of color.[D] "Ten years ago, everyone showed up with the same photos of what they wanted," says Paul Lobkovich, anarchitect and kitchen designer at Lobkovich Kitchen Designsin Tysons Corner. "Now people are much more creative. They've seen plenty of HGTV shows and scoured Houzz and other Web sites. They have aPinterest ( 品趣志，图片社交分享网站) board full of stuffthey like. This gives people a wide range of unique looks. And it makes it more exciting for us designers. "[E] Yes, the kitchen is still the most obsessed room in the house, but it's clear that homeowners want more than just trends. Homeowners are seeking a calming space that makes them happy. "Lately it's been less the kind of stars in the eyes approach and a bit more practical with a simplified aesthetic,"says designer Eric Lieberknecht, who owns a kitchen design firm in Alexandria. "People have a wide portfolio of things they want, and not just what their neighbor has. "[F] Nadia Subaran, senior designer at Bethesda's Aidan Design, calls the design direction "modern cottage. " "It's not stark modern design," Subaran says. "It has natural materials, textures and layering, with lots of whites and grays. There is nothing fussy or decorative about it. " Although stainless still reigns, there is growing interest inwhite ranges and refrigerators in a new glossy finish, aswell as soapstone countertops and floating shelves.[G] "People are really looking to make the most of their space, they want practical and functional," says Liza Hausman, a vice president at Houzz, a home design Web site and mobile app. The 2013 member survey by the National Kitchen & Bath Association identified a menu of some of today's top style choices in kitchens. Here is insider information on seven of them.1. White Cabinets[H] The choice of cabinets is arguably the most important decision when redoing a kitchen. The selection sets the look. In the National Kitchen & Bath Association survey, 67 percent of respondents said that white was their first choice for cabinetry, a jump of 20 percentage points in the past two years."Over the years, white is always a popular color and there are times it is the No. 1 color," says John Morgan, President of the association and owner of kitchen products supplier Morgan Pinnacle in Glyndon, Md. "I would say that white and dark cherry are both timeless. "2. Quartz Counters[I] According to Lorenzo Marquez, vice president of marketing for Cosentino North America, Silestone's parent company, the most popular colors right now are white and gray. "Quartz counter is a pretty honest material, and it functions so nicely," says Washington designer Paul Sherrill of Solis Betancourt & Sherrill. "If you don't have a tolerance fornatural stone and what it's going to do over time, go for it. "3. Many Shades of Gray[J]Gray seems to be the color of the moment. Although white and off-white are still the top colors, grays are showing up on cabinets, counters and walls. Alexandria color consultant Jean Molesworth Kee of the Painted Room says, "I'm seeing a lot of quick redos where they are painting old wood cabinets a light gray and totally getting rid of anything Tuscan red or yellow. " But she cautions against gray overload. "If there is too much gray, it can look really chilly and depressing. You'll think you are stirring your pot in an operating room. You need a lot of white to balance it out. "4. Led Lighting[K] More and more remodeled kitchens now have LED lighting, especially below cabinets. LED bulbs are more efficient and generate little heat. "We are doing a lot of LED under cabinet lighting," says Larry Rosen, owner of Jack Rosen Custom Kitchens in Rockville. "Halogen (卤素) and Xenon (氙) lighting actually burn very hot. If you accidentally touch a bulb, you can burn yourself. LED is more expensive, but they save on electricity, are cool and last a really long time. "5. Electronic Faucets (龙头)[L] "When people renovate their kitchen, it's not just functionality and beauty," says Houzz's Liza Hausman. "They are thinking about how to include the latest technology. "One of these new toys is the tricked-out faucet. Both touch-activated faucets and hands-free faucets are beginning to appear in kitchen remodeling contracts. According to Tom Tylicki, the Moen MotionSense hands-free faucet responds to consmners' kitchen work styles and helps prevent the spreadof germs. It's also a good choice for gardeners whose handsare frequently covered in dirt.6. Satin Nickel (雾镍) Finishes[M] "Satin nickel is the new oiled bronze," Sherrill says. For him, the matte nickel finish reflects the increasingly modernist kitchen look. The survey found that polished nickel and polished chrome(铬) were less requested than last year, and the duller finish was growing in popularity. Some designers feel that this fmish best complements stainlesssteel appliances; others say the gray metal color sets offgray cabinets, counters and walls.7. Glass Backsplashes (橱柜的后挡板)[N] Glass tiles are the jewelry of a kitchen for Tynesia Hand Smith, a Bloomingdale interior designer."They add great shimmer," she says. With neutral colors ruling in cabinetsand counters, glass t~1e is one way to add color and personality. "Reds, greens and blues, vibrant colors are trending right now, as is iridescent glass," says DeeDee Gundberg, an Ann Sacks Tile product development manager. Instead of using the ubiquitous white subway tile backsplash, she suggests substituting large format glass tile in asimilar shape. "Light blue glass tiles are still very traditional with white cabinets but look very fresh," Gundberg adds.46. The choice of cabinets is the most important for homeowners when they decide to remodel their kitchens.47. The kitchen of 2013 becomes impressive and practical because new materials are used in the kitchen.48. More and more remodeled kitchens use LED lighting, because LED bulbs use less electricity and produce little heat.49. Homeowners not only want trends, but also want to make their kitchens a comfortable place to enjoy themselves.50. Gray is a neutral color but can't be used too much in rooms,51. Liza Hausman thinks that the ideal kitchens should be practical and functional.52. Considering consumers' cooking styles, Moen MotionSense produces bands-free faucet to stop the spread of germs.53. The dream kitchen of today is cultivating closer relations among family members.54. Paul Sherrill thinks that quartz counter is a very good material in remodeling kitchens.55. Gundberg believes that when remodeling a kitchen, people shouldn't use white subway tile backsplash,but large format glass tile in similar shapes.。