语法英语1
英语语法公式(一)(1)
公式013
a lot of等+复数可数名词/不可数名词既可以修饰复数可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词的词或短语有plenty of， lots of， quantities of，a quantity of等。
● Some police officers in the UK carry guns, but most of them don’t.
老虎无疑是大型猫科动物中最威武的。
公式016
零冠词+复数可数名词/不可数名词
● Plastic is hard to break up.塑料很难分解。
公式017
a/an+单数可数名词表示泛指、初次提到、“一；每”等意义。
● He was born in a small mountainous village in Guizhou Province.
按照规定你不能把自己电子邮箱的密码告诉别人。
公式041
It+be+名词+不定式/that从句 it作形式主语，后面的不定式或that从句是句子的真正主语。
● It is an honour for me to be invited to speak here.我很荣幸应邀在这里讲话。
公式025
the+方位名词
● from the behind从后面
● to the right朝右边
公式026
the+形容词或分词 表示一类人、事物或抽象概念。
● The new is to take the place of the old.
新事物最终会取代旧事物。
公式039
It+be+no use/no good+doing sth.意为“做…是没用的”，动名词是真正的主语，it是形式主语。
英语高一必修一语法
英语高一必修一语法英语高一必修一的语法部分主要涵盖了基本句型、时态、动词的用法等内容。
本文将详细介绍其中的几个重要的语法知识点。
一、基本句型英语中的基本句型有五种，分别是陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句和条件句。
1. 陈述句：陈述句是表达事实或陈述观点的句子。
它的基本结构是主语+谓语+宾语，谓语可以是及物动词或不及物动词。
例如：- I like apples.- They are playing basketball.2. 疑问句：疑问句是用来提问的句子。
它的基本结构是助动词/系动词+主语+谓语+其他成分？例如：- Do you like apples?- Are they playing basketball?3. 祈使句：祈使句是用来表达请求、命令、建议等意思的句子。
它的基本结构是谓语+其他成分。
例如：- Close the door, please.- Don't play with fire.4. 感叹句：感叹句是表达强烈感情或赞叹的句子。
它的基本结构是How/What+形容词/副词+主语+谓语。
例如：- How beautiful the flowers are!- What a lovely day it is!5. 条件句：条件句是表示条件的句子。
它的基本结构是if/whether+句子。
例如：- If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.- Whether she comes or not, I will go to the party.二、时态在英语中，时态用于表示动作发生的时间。
高一必修一中涵盖了一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等几个基本时态。
1. 一般现在时：一般现在时用于表示经常性的动作、习惯、真理、科学事实等。
它的基本结构是主语+谓语。
例如：- She goes to school every day.- Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.2. 一般过去时：一般过去时用于表示过去发生的动作或状态。
英语一级语法基础知识大全
英语一级语法基础知识大全英语是一门全球通用的语言，掌握基础语法知识对于学习和运用英语至关重要。
本文将介绍英语一级语法基础知识，包括词类、句子结构、时态、语态等方面的内容。
词类名词（Noun）名词是指人、事物、地点或概念的名称。
名词可分为普通名词（common noun）和专有名词（proper noun）两大类。
普通名词一般不大写，而专有名词的首字母通常要大写。
代词（Pronoun）代词用来代替名词，以避免重复。
代词可分为人称代词（personal pronoun）、形容词性物主代词（possessive adjective pronoun）、不定代词（indefinite pronoun）等。
动词（Verb）动词表示动作、状态或行为。
根据用法和构成，动词可分为情态动词（modal verb）、系动词（linking verb）以及及物动词（transitive verb）等不同类型。
形容词（Adjective）形容词描述名词或代词的特征或性质，用来修饰名词或代词。
副词（Adverb）副词通常修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，用来说明动作或形容词的方式、程度、时间等。
介词（Preposition）介词用来表示名词或代词与其他词之间的关系，通常用在名词或代词前面。
连词（Conjunction）连词用来连接词、短语或句子，帮助句子各部分之间的连接和衔接。
冠词（Article）冠词分为定冠词（definite article）和不定冠词（indefinite article）。
定冠词为“the”，不定冠词为“a”和“an”。
句子结构英语句子通常由主语、谓语和宾语构成，根据句子种类和结构的不同，句子可分为陈述句、疑问句、感叹句等。
时态英语时态主要有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时等。
正确使用时态是构成句子的基础，也是表达时间概念的关键。
语态英语语态包括主动语态和被动语态两种。
在主动语态中，主语是动作的执行者；而在被动语态中，主语是动作的承受者。
大学英语语法 unit 1 Sentence Structure
Ex: explain the meanings of the prefixes and suffixes in the following words: astir, awhir, deplane, disambiguate, ecocide, megajet, mini-budget, nonnovel, outsmart, supertax, anti-Marketeer cinerama, meritocrat, interviewee, racketeer, topsider, gangsterese, hawkish, narrowish, nuclearism, golfitis, beatnik, protestnik, dopester, huckster, weatherwise.
stem– is any morpheme or combination of morphemes to which an affix can be added.
Ex: analyze the following words and show how many morphemes each of them contains: specialize, pretentious, unsympathetic, crudity, indisputable, individuality, halfhearted, bird’s-eye, gaslight, backburner, officer-in-charge, a man of letters, downfall, dining-room, power-drunk.
大学英语写作课程语法Unit 1 语法和练习答案
第一单元语法部分参考答案PART III GRAMMARSubject- Verb AgreementWhen the subject is compoundReference for the Classroom ActivitiesSummary:1. A compound subject with and takes a plural verb in most cases, but when itexpresses a singular meaning or when each of the singular subjects is considered individually, it takes a singular verb.2.After a compound subject with or, nor, either…or, neither…nor, not …but,theverb agrees in number and person with the nearer part of the subject.3.Intervening phrases or clauses not introduced by coordinating conjunctions do notaffect the number of a verb. Such phrases are normally introduced by prepositions or prepositional phrases such as well as, as much as, rather than, along with in addition to, together with, with, plus, and including.When the subject expresses quantityReference for the Classroom ActivitiesAll the sentences are correct.Summary:1.Nominal phrases of time, money, weight and measurement normally take asingular verb.2.Some words or phrases, such as all, most, alf, the last, the rest, take a singular orplural verb, depending on the meaning of the noun or pronoun that follows.3.Phrases lik e lots of, heaps of , loads of take singular or plural verbs depending onthe form of the nouns that follow.4.In sentences with more than one or many a modifying the subject nouns, the verbshould take a singular form though it is plural in meaning.When the subject is a relative pronoun, a what-clause, or in the there-be structureReference for the Classroom Activitiesa. He was one of the candidates who were able to carry out their campaign pledges.He was the only one of the candidates who was able to carry out his campaign pledgesb. What he wants is just a little love from his foster parents.What one thinks and says are not always the same.c. There is a cherry tree and several orchid flowers in the garden.There are hundreds of applicants on the waiting list for the job.Summary:1.After a relative pronoun (who, which, that), the verb has the same person andnumber as the antecedent. (In the second sentence in Pair a, the antecedent is the only one, not the candidates.)2.After a what-clause, the verb is usually singular,. But if the what-clause is in acompound structure plural in meaning, the verb is in plural form.3.In the there-be structure, the verb is singular or plural depending on the number ofthe subject. The singular there is may be used to introduce a compound subject when the first noun or nominal phrase is singular.OthersReference for the Classroom Activitiesa. Nobody in town admits seeing him.b. Does anyone want to go with me?c. Are any of you going to the exhibition?d. None works/work so hard as he does.e. Books are her chief source of enjoyment.f. The one thing you must be ready for is their attempts to break up the meetingg. The jury is finally complete.h. The jury were divided in their Opinions.i. New York Times is his bible.j. Semantics is the study of meanings.Summary:1.Indefinite pronouns such as anybody, anyone, each, everybody, nobody, no one,and somebody generally require a singular verb.2.The pronouns any and none take either singular or plural verbs.3.The complement of the verb be does not affect its number.4. A collective noun takes a singular verb when the class it names is thought of as aunit, but a plural verb when the members of the class are thought of as individuals.5.Titles of books, magazines, movies, newspapers, plays, and the like take asingular verb.6.Certain nouns which are plural in form but singular in meaning generally take asingular verb. Some of these are physics, mechanics, news, statistics,and whereabouts.PART V FOLLOW-UP EXERCISES1. a. The little boy was chicken-hearted.b. That statesman is a respectable figure in the political arena.c. We sat down by the oak tree, enjoying the breeze coming from the laked. We need to drink the milk before it sours.e. The child had difficulty finding his way to school.f. The young woman received a lot of flowers and gifts.g. My father drew back the curtain a little lest I see him.h. Our university can accommodate 4,000 students.i. Social custom s vary greatly from country to country.2. The writer's attitude changes from negative to positive in each pair of sentences3. (1)experienced (2) elapsed(3)attempting (4) with(5)take up (6) made(7)endeavor (8) true4. a. The state attorney said that the man would be prosecuted.b. We suppose that a referee should be disinterested but not uninterestedc. Tony can hit a ball farther than I can.d. We must pursue this matter further.e. The principles behind our constitution are a principal reason for its astounding success.f. Al1 the band instruments except the tuba will be carried to the auditorium for the music contest.g. The federal government comprises the legislative, judicial, and executive branchesh. The whole region was struck by an economic disaster.i. (correct)j. He was awaked to the risk.5. My sister Lulu accepted a scholarship to study in the UK. She had done very well in school and the principal thought that living with a British family would teach her a lot. Mother said she would let her go if she bought a box of stationery and promised to write home every week. She said that she would live up to her promise and she always does pretty well in living up to her principles. Soon after she arrived in the UK., she adapted to her new environment. Her new life did not affect her a great deal. She knew that as a student she had to be economical and she was not self-conscious of her poor clothing and strange accent. These were the things she was uninterested in; what fascinated her instead was the cultural differences between the two countries. She found people there liked to pay compliments and were more credulous to what she said. Of course, she never lied to them about her motherland. Though she experienced cultural shocks continually, she developed a fair attitude towards the other culture. In the proceeding years, she settled down in the UK. and became a person with an alternative cultural identity.6. a. Sixty hours is the amount of work time I contracted for.b. The jury is expected to reach its decision very quickly.c. Each of the candidates for the position has exceptionally high qualifications.d. Every boy and girl in the sixth grade was/is eager to win the contest.e. Corn bread and milk is a popular breakfast in the rural South.f. The instructor as well as the students was at fault.g. He is one of the students who plan to attend the speech contest.h. The jury are to be isolated in individual hotel rooms each night during the triali. Sam sprawled in the chair and knocked over one of the lamps which were on displayj. The symptoms of mercury poisoning vary with each individual case.k. He believes that athletics improves school morale.l. Up goes the starter's gun, and each of the runners becomes tense.m. Either The Times or The Tribune is a reliable source of news.n. The first thing that catches your eye is the headlines.o. She is one of the women who have made this country what it is.。
新人教高中英语 Unit1 语法-名词短语,形容词短语,副词短语
1. 主谓 (S V) 2. 主谓状 (S V A) 3. 主谓宾 (S V O) 4. 主谓宾状 (S V O A) 5. 主系表 (S P) 6. 主谓双宾 (S V IO DO) 7. 主谓宾+宾补 (S V O OC) 8. there be …
Step 1: Lead-in: Let’s find the difference What can you see in the pictures?
作_S_主__语________
②We respect our teacher very much.
作_O__宾__语_______
③ The young lady standing there is my sister. 作_P_表__语________
④ We elected him monitor of our class.
作_O_C__宾__语__补__足__语
[Conclusion] 名词短语的功能：在句中作名词用，一般用作 主___语__、__宾__语___、__表__语__、___宾__语__补___足__语____ 等。
1、Noun Phrase名词短语 (NP)
[Read and think]
① The boy is my brother.
[提示] 限定词包括：冠词(a/an/the)、指示代词(this/that/these/those等)、物 主代词(my/your/his/her/our/their等)和不定代词(some/no/neither/both等)。
2、Adjective Phrase形容词短语 (AdjP)
形容词短语是指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句子中的功 能相当于形容词。 [Read and think] Find out the function of the underlined words of each sentence
九年级英语unit1语法知识点
九年级英语unit1语法知识点九年级英语Unit 1语法知识点对于九年级的学生来说，英语学习基础已经打下了坚实的基础，Unit 1则是在此基础上进一步拓宽语法知识的阶段。
在这个单元中，有许多重要的语法知识点需要掌握，下面将为大家详细介绍。
1. 一般现在时一般现在时是英语中最基本的时态，用来表达经常性的行为、习惯、常识等。
它的构成主要是根据句子的主语使用动词的原形，而且第三人称单数的主语要加上“-s”。
例如：She often goes to the park on Sundays.2. 现在进行时现在进行时表示目前正在进行的动作，它的构成主要是由“be”动词加上现在分词来表示。
同时，现在进行时也可以用来表示即将发生或即将安排的动作。
例如：He is studying English in the library.3. 一般过去时一般过去时用来表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。
它的构成主要是根据句子的主语使用动词的过去式，同时肯定句中要使用助动词“did”。
例如：They visited their grandparents last weekend.4. 过去进行时过去进行时表示在过去某个时间段正在进行的动作。
它的构成主要是由“was/were”动词加上现在分词来表示。
例如：I was watching TV when he called me.5. 一般将来时一般将来时主要用来表达将来的动作或事情。
它的构成主要是由“will/shall”加上动词原形来表示。
例如：We will have a picnic next Sunday.6. 情态动词情态动词可以用来表达能力、可能性、推测以及许可等。
常见的情态动词有can、may、must、shall、will等。
值得注意的是，情态动词后面的动词使用原形。
例如：You must finish your homework.7. 句型及从句九年级的学生还需要学习掌握一些常见的句型和从句的用法。
小学英语语法一本全附练习题
小学英语语法一本全第一章名词1.名词的数2.名词的格第二章代词1.人称代词2.物主代词第三章冠词与数词1.冠词2.数词第四章一般现在时态第五章现在进行时态第六章句型1．陈述句2．疑问句3．祈使句4．There be 句型与have\ has第七章总结考试名词的概念在生活中，我们会接触到各种各样的人和事物，用来表示这些人或事物名称的词就是名词。
一、名词的数名词的数指名词的单数和复数形式。
可数名词表示“一个”时用单数，“两个以上”时用复数；不可数名词表示量时，通常用“数词+单位+of+物质名词”的形式，如a piece of bread (一片面包)，变为复数时，只须将单位名词变为复数，如：two pieces of bread(两片面包)。
*名词复数的构成法则1. 一般情况下在词尾加 s. 词尾读音shop --- shops (商店) 在清辅音后读[ s ]bag --- bags (书包) 在浊辅音后读[ z ]window --- windows (窗户) 在元音后读[ z ]2. 以s, x, sh, ch 结尾的单词在词尾加es。
class --- classes (班级) 词尾读音[ iz ]box --- boxes (盒子)match --- matches (比赛)brush --- brushes (刷子)3. 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，变y为i 加es.story --- stories (故事) 词尾读音[ iz ]4. 以“元音字母+y”结尾的词，在词尾直接加skey --- keys 词尾读音[ z ]monkey --- monkeys5.以“o”结尾的名词，复数一般在词尾加“s”, 但个别加“es”tomato --- tomatoes (西红柿) 词尾读音[ z ]potato --- potatoes (土豆)zoo --- zoos (动物园)photo --- photos (照片)*（以“o”结尾，复数加“es”）口诀：黑人(Negro)英雄(hero)，左手拿着西红柿(tomato)，右手拿着破土豆(potato)，头顶一个大芒果（mango）。
英语基础语法知识(一)
英语基础语法知识（一）第一节词类和句子成分一、词类能够自由运用的最小语言单位叫词.根据词的形式、意义及其在句中的作用所作的分类叫词类（parts of speech).英语的词通常分为十大类，即名词、冠词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、动词、介词、连词和感叹词。
现分别叙述如下：（一）名词名词(noun）是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。
例如:foreigner外国人soap 肥皂Newton牛顿law 法律freedom自由peace和平英语名词可分为两大类:1.普通名词（common noun)是某一类人、事物、某种物质或抽象概念的名称。
例如：teacher教师market市场rice大米magazine杂志sound声音production生产2。
专有名词（proper noun）是特定的某人、地方或机构的名称。
专有名词的第一个字母必须大写。
例如:Hemingway海明威Russia 俄罗斯New York 纽约United Nations联合国名词又可分为可数名词（countable noun）与不可数名词（uncountable noun）两种.可数名词有单、复数之分。
绝大多数名词的复数形式的构成是在单数名词的后面加-s或-es.例如: shop→shops商店bus→buses 公共汽车library→libraries图书馆toy→toys玩具leaf→leaves树叶英语中有一些名词的复数形式是不规则的.例如：man→men男人tooth→teeth牙齿datum→data数据有关名词复数形式构成的具体规则，请参阅有关的英语语法书.(二）冠词冠词(article）放在名词之前，帮助说明该名词所指的对象。
冠词分为不定冠词（indefinite article）和定冠词(definite article）两种。
不定冠词为a/an，用在单数名词之前，表示某一类人或事物的“一个”.a用在以辅音开头的名词之前,an用在以元音开头的名词之前.例如：a hotel 一家旅馆 a chance 一次机会a double room一个双人间 a useful book一本有用的书an exhibition一次展览an honest man一个诚实的人冠词只有一个，既the,表示某一类人或事物中特定的一个或一些。
英语语法1——句子成分分析报告
英语语法1——句子成分分析句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的，表达一个完整的意义。
一个句子一般由两局部构成，即主语局部和谓语局部，这两局部也叫做句子的主要成分。
句子的次要成分包括宾语，定语，状语，表语等。
句子成分是句子中起一定功用的组成局部。
一、句子的八大组成成分主语(subject)谓语(predicate)宾语(object) 定语(attribute)状语(adverbial)补语(plement) 表语(predicative)同位语(Appositive)1〕主语：是一个句子的主体，是全句述说的对象，可以做主语的有名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、从句等。
主语一般在句首。
如：The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。
〔名词做主语〕He likes dancing. 他喜欢跳舞。
〔代词做主语〕Two and six is eight. 2加6等于8.〔名词词组做主语〕Seeing is believing.眼见为实。
〔动名词做主语〕To see is to believe. 眼见为实。
〔不定式〕What he needs is a book.他所需要的是本书〔主语从句做主语〕词组组成。
〕4〕宾语：动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者，可由名词、代词、短语、不定式、动名词、从句等充当，常放在与物动词或者介词之后，称为动词宾语或介词宾语。
例如：I like China. 我喜欢中国。
〔名词做宾语〕You can help me. 你能帮助我。
〔代词〕How many do you need? 你们需要多少？We need two. 我们需要两个。
〔数词〕I like playing soccer. 我喜欢踢足球。
〔动名词词组〕I want to have an apple. 我想要吃个苹果。
〔不定式〕Did you write down what he said?你写下他所说的话了吗？〔宾语从句〕★双宾语-----间接宾语〔通常指人〕和直接宾语〔通常指物〕He bought this book for me.注意：如果直接宾语是人称代词，如此间接宾语必须后置，并在其前加上介词to或for.Here’s your pen. Don’t forget to bring it to Yang Kang. ★复合宾语：有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思，还必须在宾语后面加上宾语才能表达完整的意思。
初中英语语法一 句子结构
第一讲、夯实基础，掌握句子结构。
我们的目标是：坚决不写畸形句子！！！！！！！！！！！一、简单句型两大类为了方便大家记忆，我们将简单句的五种基本句型分为了两大类：1.主语+系动词+表语（表特征）例：My mother is a teacher. 我妈妈是一名老师。
2.主语+谓语+[其它] （表动作）例：Class begins. 开始上课了。
They are playing basketball. 他们在打篮球。
第一种句子成分——主语是句子所叙述的主体，是发出动作的事物！或者表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
主语主要由名词、代词或相当于名词的单词，短语或从句充当。
Harry potter is the hero in this book.We often speak english in class.Playing basketball is interesting.试着找出下列句子的主语He is tall.He works hard.I believe him.I believe that he is honest.To learn English is important.Swimming is a sport he enjoys.That he has been to many parts of the world is known to everyone in our class.用动词做的主语和从句主语也可用it替代，叫形式主语，真实主语在句中都后移，如：It is important to learn English.It is known to everyone in our class that he has been to many parts of the world１第二种句子成分——谓语常位于主语之后。
说明主语“做什么（动作）”“是什么东西”“怎么样（特性）”。
总是由动词或动词短语充当。
英语一级语法基础知识大全
英语一级语法基础知识主要包括以下几个方面：1. 名词（Nouns）名词是表示人、事物、地点、抽象概念等未知或不确定的对象。
名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词。
可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，不可数名词没有复数形式。
2. 动词（Verbs）动词表示主语的动作、状态或变化。
动词根据时态、语态、情态等有不同的形式。
动词可分为不及物动词和及物动词。
不及物动词没有宾语，而及物动词有宾语。
3. 形容词（Adjectives）形容词用于修饰名词，表示事物的性质、特征、状态等。
形容词有原级、比较级和最高级三种形式。
4. 副词（Adverbs）副词用于修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子，表示程度、方式、地点、时间等。
副词有原级、比较级和最高级三种形式。
5. 代词（Pronouns）代词用于替换名词，避免重复使用同一个名词。
代词可分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、疑问代词和反身代词等。
6. 介词（Prepositions）介词用于连接名词、代词或动词，表示名词、代词或动词之间的关系。
介词后通常跟名词或代词。
7. 连词（Conjunctions）连词用于连接词、词组或句子，表示句子之间的关系。
连词可分为并列连词、从属连词和状语连词等。
8. 句子结构（Sentence Structure）句子结构包括主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补足语。
了解句子结构有助于更好地理解句子意义。
9. 时态（Tenses）时态表示动作或状态发生的时间。
英语时态有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去将来时等。
10. 语态（Voice）语态表示动作的执行者。
英语语态有主动语态和被动语态两种。
11. 情态动词（Modal Verbs）情态动词表示可能性、概率、建议、允许等。
情态动词后跟动词原形。
12. 疑问句和否定句（Interrogative and Negative Sentences）疑问句用于询问信息，否定句用于表示否定意义。
疑问句和否定句有不同的构成方法。
英语语法第一课
语的动作和状态的。
• 3.表语（predicative）它是放在连系动词之
后表示主语的身份或特征的。表语也就是 主语补语。补语(complement)分为主语补 语和宾语补语。
• 4.宾语（object）它是表示及物动词动作的
对象的。
• 5.定语（attribute）它是限定或修饰名词或
English Grammar 英语语法 第一讲
1.语法是什么？ （What is grammar？ ）
• 语法是语言的组织规律, 它赋予语言以结构
系统。（the entire system of a language, including its syntax, morphology, semantics, and phonology）
• 7.冠词(article, 缩写为art.) 说明名词所指的
人或物的词。An article is a name for the (definite article) and a, an (indefinite
article).
• 8.介词(preposition,缩写为prep.) 表示名词
• 4.他是我的顶头上司。 • He is above me. • 5.微积分对我来说太难了。 • Calculus was always beyond me. • 6.你打这个电话就能找到我。 • You can reach me at this phone number.
4. How does that song go?
• 具体地讲, 主要有下列六种句子成分。
• 1. 主语（subject）它是句子所要说明的人
或事物, 是一句的主体。The subject is the part of the sentence that names whom or
英语语法复习1：名词
名词所有格的构成 名词所有格的用法 Of所有格的用法 双重所有格 要求：理解
名词所有格的构成
1、不以-s结尾的+s,如children‘s books 2、以-s结尾的直接+’,如the girls’ dormitory
名词所有格的用法
1、主要用于有生命的名词，如人、高等动物等， 如children’s festival. 2、用于无生命名词的情况。
名词所有格练习
翻译
Mary的邮件 母亲节 城市的中心 身体的一部分 汤姆的一张照片 一杯茶 Mary的 一个女儿 教师阅览室 我们老板的办公室 Mary’s e-mail Mother’s Day the centre of the city a part of body a picture of Tom‘s a daughter of Mary’s teachers’ reading room our boss’ office
专有名词 普通名词
个体名词 集体名词 物质名词 抽象名词 可数名词 不可数名词
专有名词
定义：指表示个人、机构、组织、国家等的专 举例：国家：America
书名：Harry Potter 有名词。
特征：1、书名一般用斜体表示，Harry Potter
2、首字母一定是大写
要求：只要了解
普通名词
定义：普通名词表示一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名称。 举例：如: worker, camera, steel等 分类：1. 个体名词:表示单个的人和事物。
•可数名词： 可数名词： 可数名词
定义：可数名词是指能以数目来计算，可以分成个体的人或东西；因 此可以有复数形式。
•要求：理解 要求： 要求
名次分类（ ） 名次分类（2）练习
考研英语语法_1
考研英语语法考研英语语法考研英语语法1首先看语法分成哪几块:第一：句法知识部分，包括英语的十大词类、两大句型、八大句子成分、主从句、单复句。
第二：语法知识部分，包括时态、语态、虚拟语气、非谓语、三大从句等等。
句法知识，是语法知识的基础，语法知识是英语学习的内核，在系统学习语法之前必须要有基本的句法知识！如果你真正的想学透语法，理解英语语法的原理，那么建议你看这几个视频，花半小时看完《英语思维课程句法分析基础》视频，先搞定句法知识，建立起扎实的语法地基；然后再花半小时看完《英语思维课程英语时态的原理》《英语思维课程动词的秘密》《英语时间的秘密》几个视频基本就把英语语法的结构体系理顺了，英语语法也就基本入门了。
如果你实在想看书，那么建议你看《英语思维：解密英语语法的原理》，华东理工大学出版，国内第一本讲解英语语法原理和思维内涵的书；是第一本真正系统完整的呈现英语语法框架体系全貌的书。
学完此书后，你对英语语法的理解会有脱胎换骨之感。
最全最实用的应该是徐广联的《大学英语语法讲座与测试》，最新版第五版可以看下文都名师何凯文的书单词是文章的基础，文章中若有大部份的关键单词不认识，那将大大阻碍你对文章的理解。
虽然考研英语没有专门的语法题，但语法是解决真题里长难句的关键，没有过硬的语法知识，长难句几乎没法下手。
研究近十年的真题，研究最近阶段命题人是如何设置考点与陷阱的。
真题必须在规定的时间内做完(这样你才能适应考研英语的强度)，做完后对答案，然后每半天分析一篇文章：记忆文章中不认识的生词，分析长难句，可用在作文中的搭配与句型。
考研不只是考英语，还有数学、专业课和政治，要对各科时间安排有大体的计划，一旦计划制定之后，就必须认真的执行。
不要随便跟风与改变自己的计划。
CjZ主要找到适合自己的老师，然后扎扎实实地听课、看书、做题，制定合理的目标，并坚决地执行。
考研英语语法2除了背单词，开始20某某考研英语复习的同学们究竟还要复习什么?除了单词，语法的复习也不容小觑，因为语法也是考研英语的基础，这部分在研究生英语考试中不再单独考查，但是语法知识贯穿在整个英语考卷的各个题型中。
英语语法1句型结构
在剖析谓语的构成时，本教材采用两种分析法：一是把谓语剖析为 “谓语动词”、“宾语”、“补语”、“状语”，并和“主语”一 起得出主、动、宾、补等五个主要的、由词组表示的分局成分；另 一种是把谓语剖析为“操作词+述谓成分”。
1.2 Basic clause types and their transformation and expansion
Lecture 1 Sentence Structure
1.1 Clause elements
1) Subject and predicate The subject is the topic or theme of the sentence, which tells of what the sentence is about. The predicate says something about the subject and bears the new information which the speaker or writer wants to transmit to the listener or reader.
Sentence
1. Simple sentence e.g. The students have made better grades in the past few weeks. The students I teach have made better grades in the past few weeks. 2. Compound sentence e.g. The students would have made better grades if they had studied harder. What he said is not true. 3. Complex sentence Miss London came to the party, but Mr. and Mrs. Green did not. They watched television and enjoyed themselves immensely, but we couldn't see the program because our television was broken.
英语语法与词汇(一)
英语语法与词汇（一）1. jet off 喷出；飞往jet off to sp./sth. jet off to America 飞往美国jet off to a conference 动身去参加一个会议2. 不构成因果时不用because，用where……John has jetted off to America where he is believed to have pleased the agencies in Los Angeles.3. recently 可加现在完成时，一般过去时4. be announced as the face of a new Chanel campaign被宣布担任香奈儿的新广告的形象代言人5. source n.知情人士，提供消息的人士6. debut n.演员首次演出make one's debut on sth. 在…上首次亮相make one's modelling debut on the cover of7. land a job as … 找到了一份…工作land one's first official fashion campaign 拍摄某人第一个真正意义上的广告8. sign with sb. 与…签约9. although: Now he has been encouraged to look into a Hollywood career which he is very excited about although he is yet to sign with an agent.10. show-showed-shown11. 现在进行时：There are some 40 collections that are being shown at the new museum.12. when sb. grow up 不用after!13. over the last…years 不确定时态over the past…years 现完long before 在很久以前long after 在很久以后固定搭配！！！Americans keep eating long after the French would have stopped.14. what只在表语从句中和人相当But they all reveal a lot of things: ask someone what they collect and their answers will tell you what/who they are.He is no longer what he used to be.15. keep sb. aligned with 使某人与…保持一致keep you aligned with your environment align oneself with sb./sth. 公开支持16. crestfallen a. 沮丧的，垂头丧气的17. nowhere ad. 任何地方都不；一点也不，远不get nowhere 一事无成be nowhere near filled 远远没有填满18. mourn vi. 哀痛vt. 为…而悲伤遗憾mourn our fate 悲叹我们的命运cemetery n.公墓，墓地19. miserly a.（人）小气的≈ mean；（数量）极少的miserly grants 少得可怜的补助金meanness n.20. Brazilian Cn巴西人21. business cards 名片22. outright a./ad. 彻底地；直截了当地，毫不客气地；(一下子，马上)avoid disagreeing outright 避免直接的冲突、碰撞win outright 取得干脆利落、十分彻底的胜利23. be +adj. + of be tolerant of be protective of/towards sb. ＝protect 保护be respectful of private lives 尊重私人生活24. expertise n.专门技能，专业知识share one's expertise25. authenticate vt.证明…是真实的，鉴定a uthentic sth. as… 证明…确是…authenticate the story as O. Henry's26. how sth. may affect …27. 给两根横线，强调前者instead of，other thanHe dec ided to write about the importance of knowing when to stop instead of/other than suggesting how to avoid food.28. a big cast 强大的演员阵容29. rookie Cn.新手30. chubby a.丰满的，圆胖的chubby cheeks31. inspiration n.灵感；启发，鼓舞seek inspiration the source of inspirationunder the inspiration of32. Predictions have been around for 20 decades but have not yet come to fruition.33. concept n.认知层面的理念，观念34. resume vi./vt. 重新开始，再继续vt.重新获得resume one's duties 重新履职resume negotiations 重启对话resume diplomatic relations 恢复邦交关系resume doing sth.resume with sth.35. steal vt./vi. 偷，窃取steal（sth.）from one's account36. benefit vi. 受益，获益vt.有益于n.好处，益处benefit from 从…中获益profit from 从…中获利37. chip n.电脑芯片；薯条38. trail vt./vi. 落后（于）trail sb. 落后于某人vi. 没精打采地跟着trail around after usvt./vi. （被）拖，拉The dress trails behind her.n.足迹，踪迹；痕迹；小径；路径39. sphere n.球体；（活动）范围40. a long-awaited dream41. in one's young/middle/late fifties42. term n.学期；任期；条款，协议carry the baby to term 生下这个孩子；让孩子来到这个世界43. wear sb. down 让某人焦头烂额、疲惫不堪Worn down by…44. bring shame to/on sb. Shame on you for doing sth!45. painful a. 痛苦的；疼痛的sorry a. 感到遗憾的，难过的（关心被人疾苦）46. pressing a. 紧迫的，亟待解决的；恳切的a pressing invitation one of the most pressing problems of the day47. disseminate propaganda 散播宣传信息48. large attendance 很多的出席人数，很高的上座率49. perform vt.执行，履行；演奏，表演vi. 执行；表演；运转performance n.性能50. brand vt.烙…（于）n.烙印；商标，牌子brand sth. on one's mind51. iron n.铁元素take some iron from beans and nuts52. Italy's fashion capital 意大利的时尚中心53. combine A and B combine singing, dancing and acrobatics54. 分号“；”表示前后关联的两句句子The same costume can be used in different shows；however, it will represent a different character.55. represent vt. 象征，代表，表示A yellow and white face represents someone who is dishonest.56. desire vi./vt. 渴望；想要；愿望n.欲望；要求；心愿desire to keep the art of Chinese opera alivedesire a positive vision for one’s life 希望对未来的生活积极乐观57. attempt n.企图；尝试58. a full-time/part-time job59. since prep./conj. adv. 从那时到现在；此后统统+完成时Since noticing the problem, I have tried some ways to make some changes.prep.什么时候Since when did he listen to me? 他什么时候听过我的话。
英语语法1——句子成分分析
英语语法1——句子成分分析句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的，表达一个完整的意义。
一个句子一般由两部分构成，即主语部分和谓语部分，这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。
句子的次要成分包括宾语，定语，状语，表语等。
句子成分是句子中起一定功用的组成部分。
一、句子的八大组成成分主语(subject)谓语(predicate)宾语(object)定语(attribute)状语(adverbial)补语(complement)表语(predicative)同位语(Appositive)1）主语：是一个句子的主体，是全句述说的对象，可以做主语的有名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、从句等。
主语一般在句首。
如：The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。
（名词做主语）He likes dancing. 他喜欢跳舞。
（代词做主语）Two and six is eight. 2加6等于8.（名词词组做主语）Seeing is believing.眼见为实。
（动名词做主语）To see is to believe. 眼见为实。
（不定式）What he needs is a book.他所需要的是本书（主语从句做主语）2）谓语：是对主语加以陈述，说明主语是什么，做什么，怎么样，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。
如：We are friends. 我们是朋友。
She seemed tired. 她看起来累了。
The new term begins on the 1st of September.新学期在九月一日开始。
一个英语句子的组成可归纳如下：句子=主语+谓语例如：Yang Kang is a smart student in his class.主语谓语注意：并不是所有英语句子都由主语和谓语构成（如祈使句和感叹语等）。
这种模式只适用于对大部分普通句型的分析。
简单的句子谓语部分很简单，但大部分句子的谓语部分比较复杂，因此在分析其组成成分时，要引入谓语动词（或谓语动词词组）、宾语、补语、状语等成分。
八上英语unit1语法归纳
八上英语unit1语法归纳摘要：1.一般现在时2.一般过去时3.一般将来时4.现在进行时5.过去进行时6.将来进行时7.现在完成时8.过去完成时9.将来完成时10.现在完成进行时11.过去完成进行时12.将来完成进行时正文：本篇文章主要归纳了八上英语unit1 的语法内容，包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、将来进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、将来完成时、现在完成进行时、过去完成进行时以及将来完成进行时等十二个方面。
首先，一般现在时表示经常或习惯性的动作，或者表示一种普遍真理。
其构成是：主语+ 动词原形。
例如：I study English every day.（我每天学英语。
）其次，一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。
其构成是：主语+ 动词过去式。
例如：I studied English yesterday.（我昨天学英语了。
）接着，一般将来时表示将来某个时间会发生的动作或存在的状态。
其构成是：主语+will/shall+动词原形。
例如：I will study English tomorrow.（我明天会学英语。
）再来，现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作。
其构成是：主语+am/is/are+动词现在分词。
例如：I am studying English now.（我现在正在学英语。
）然后，过去进行时表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作。
其构成是：主语+was/were+动词现在分词。
例如：I was studying English at 8 o"clock last night.（昨天晚上八点我正在学英语。
）接下来，将来进行时表示将来某个时间正在进行的动作。
其构成是：主语+will/shall+be+动词现在分词。
例如：I will be studying English at 8 o"clock tomorrow.（明天晚上八点我将会正在学英语。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
英语语法知识相关内容1现在进行时表示正在发生的事情或进行的动作，常与now,listen,look等词连用，结构是主语+be动词(am, is, are)+动词ing.如:It is raining now.外面正在下雨It is six o’clock now.现在6点了My parents are reading newspapers in the sitting room.我父母正在客厅看报纸Look! The children are having a running race now.看!孩子们正在赛跑问句将be动词移前，否定句在be动词后+not.2一般现在时表示经常反复发生的事情或动作，常与often, usually, sometimes, always, every day(week year…) on Sundays等词连用。
结构是主语+动词原形;当主语为第三人称单数即he,she, it, Tom, my mother, the boy等词时，动词后加s或es.如:We have an English lesson every day.我们每天都要上英语课Do the boys run faster than the girls? Yes, they do.男孩比女孩跑的快吗?是的问句借助于do, does否定句借助于don’t, doesn’t，后面动词一定要还原。
3一般过去时表示发生在过去的事情或存在的状态，常与just now; a moment ago; … ago; yesterday; last ( week; month; year; Monday; weekend); this morning等词连用。
结构是主语+be动词的过去式(was; were)或主语+动词的过去式。
注意:be动词与动词过去式不可同时使用。
如:My earphones were on the ground just now.我的耳机刚刚还在呢。
Where were you last week? I was at a camp.你上个星期去哪了?我去野营了What did you do yesterday? I visited a farm你昨天去干嘛了?我去参观农场了。
问句有be动词将be动词移前，没有be动词借助于did，后面动词还原;否定句有be动词在后面加not，没有借助于didn't后面动词还原。
4一般将来时表示将要打算发生的事情或动作，常与tomorrow, next week(year; Tuesday…), this week( weekend ;evening; afternoon;…)today等词连用。
结构是主语+be(am, is, are) going to + 动原或主语+will +动原。
如:What are you going to do tomorrow? I am going to have a picnic.你明天要去干嘛?我要去野餐。
The childre are going to have a sports meeting next week.孩子们下个星期将参加运动会。
Tom will/is going to see a play with his father this evening.Tom今晚将和父母去看演出。
问句将be动词或will移前;否定句在be动词或will后加not.5情态动词can; can’t; should; shouldn’t; must; may后一定加动词原形。
如:The girl can’t swim, but she can skate.女孩不会游泳，但是会滑冰Don’t talk in class, you should listen to the teacher carefully.不要再课上说话，你应该认真听老师讲。
6祈使句肯定祈使句以动词原形开头;否定祈使句以don’t加动词原形开头。
如:Open the box for me ,please.请为我打开盒子。
Liu Tao! Please get up earlier tomorrow.刘涛，明天请早点起床!Don’t walk on the grass!不要在草地上走!Helen! Don’t climb the tree,please.海伦!不要爬树。
7go的用法去干嘛用go +动词ing如: go swimming; go fishing;go skating;go camping;go running;go skiing;go rowing…8比较than 前用比较级;as…as之间用原级。
如:My mother is two years younger than my father.我妈比我爸年轻两岁。
Liu Tao jumps as far as Ben.刘涛跳得和本一样远。
9喜欢做某事用like +动词ing或like+ to + 动原。
如: Su Yang likes growing flowers.苏阳喜欢种花。
The children like to play with lanterns at Spring Festival.孩子们喜欢在春节去玩花灯。
10想要做某事用would like +to+动原或want + to +动原。
例:I’d like to visit the History Museum.=I want to visit the History Museum 11some用于肯定句中，在否定句和问句中改为any,但当表示委婉语气时仍用如:Can I have some writing paper? Would you like some orange juice?12代词人称代词主格做主语用一般放在句首或动词前，主格分别是I you he she it we you they。
宾格做宾语用，一般放在动词或介词后如:Open them for me. Let us …, join me等。
宾格分别是me you him her it us you them。
形容词性物主代词放在名词前，不能单独使用，分别是my your his her its our your their名词性物主代词相当于形物加名词，它只能单独使用后面不好加名词，分别是mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs。
13介词介词后要么不加动词，加动词只能加动词ing形式如:be good at running;do well in jumping;14时间介词季节前，月份前用介词in如:in summer;in March具体的哪一天如星期几，几月几日用介词on如:on Saturday; on the second of April; on Wednesday morning在几点钟前用介词at如: at a quarter to four;只在上下午晚上用in如:in the morning/ afternoon/ evening;但在夜间用at night。
另:季节，月份和星期前不好加the.15名词复数构成的方法有规则的有:(1)直接在名词后加s如orange—oranges; photo—photos;(2) 以x, s, sh, ch 结尾的加es如:box—boxes; glass—glasses; waitress—waitresses; watch—watches;peach--peaches(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es如:study—studies;library—libraries; hobby—hobbies; family—families;(4)以f, fe结尾的改f, fe 为v+es如:knife—knives; thief—thieves(注:以o结尾的我们学过的只有mango加es, mango—mangoes其余加s,)不规则的有:man—men; woman—women; people—people; child—children16动词第三人称单数的构成(1)直接在动词后加s如:run—runs; dance—dances(2)以s,sh,ch,o结尾的加es如:do—does;go—goes;wash—washes;catch—catches(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加es如:study—studies; carry—carries;17现在分词的构成(1)直接在动词后加ing如:sing—singing; ski—skiing;(2)双写词尾加ing如:swim—swimming; jog—jogging;run—running;(3)以不发音的e结尾的去e加ing如:ride—riding; dance—dancing; make—making;18规则动词过去式的构成(1)直接在动词后加ed如:clean—cleaned; milk—milked; play—played;(2)以e结尾的直接加d如:dance—danced; taste—tasted;(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加ed如:study—studied;carry—carried;(4)双写词尾加ed如:stop—stopped; jog—jogged;不规则的有:am,is—was; are—were; do,does—did; have,has—had; go—went; meet—met; sit—sat; see—saw; get—got; tell—told; run—ran; come—came; steal—stole; read—read;19形容词副词比较级的构成规则的:(1)直接在形容词或副词后加er如;small—smaller; low—lower;(2)以e结尾的加r如:late—larer;(3)双写词尾加er如:big—bigger; thin—thinner; fat—fatter;(4) 以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i加er如:heavy—heavier; early—earlier;不规则的有:good, well—better(最高级为best); many, much--- more(最高级为most); far---farther;20rain与snow的用法(1)作为名词意思是雨水和雪是不可数名词如:There is a lot of rain there in spring. 那儿的春天有很多雨水。