中英颜色词的文化差异与翻译(英文翻译版)
英汉颜色词的翻译和比较(英文版)
Comparison and Translation of English andChinese Color WordAbstractThe tendency of worldwide economic globalization has been intensified, and people have close exchanges in almost every fields. The role of culture in the interaction between people from all nations is becoming extremely crucial. This paper discusses the translating and contrast of color words in China and the West, which mostly involves three sections, the definition and the differences of color words, the contrast with color words and methods used in translation in English and Chinese. Meanwhile, the first part contains three respects, namely, the definition, categories that consists of basic color words, color words with colors of objects and color words in shades, as well as the reasons for the discrepancies in color words, which includes the different ethnic beliefs lead to differences in color words, influence of different modes of thinking and representation on color words and influence of different political systems and social differences on color words. And the second part mainly covers six respects, namely, the various implication and usage of color words in these two languages, such as red, black, white, yellow, blue and green. Ultimately, the last part involves two respects, namely, literary translation and free translation that contains cultural equivalence and functional equivalence. By comparing and translating color words about these two kinds of languages, this essay, for one thing, will aim at making a profound analysis of the discrepancies about the utilization of color words about the two languages and the reasons for the discrepancies; for another, the writer expects to offer tiny advice and references on color words in the future.Key Words: Chinese and English color words, comparison, translation摘要随着世界经济全球化的发展,各国人民在政治、经济和文化之间的交往日益密切。
中英颜色词的文化差异及翻译
蓝色:在中国文化中代表天空、自由,而在英国文化中可能代表忧郁、悲伤。
红色:在中国文化中代表喜庆、吉祥,而在英国文化中可能代表危险、警告。
绿色:在中国文化中代表生机、活力,而在英国文化中可能代表嫉妒、不幸。
白色:在中国文化中代表纯洁、干净,而在英国文化中可能代表死亡、哀悼。
中英颜色词的翻译实践案例分析
中英颜色词的起源与文化背景
02
中国颜色词的起源与文化背景
红色:象征喜庆、吉祥、繁荣黑色:象征庄重、神秘、严肃白色:象征纯洁、干净、和平绿色:象征生命、希望、和平黄色:象征尊贵、权力、财富蓝色:象征天空、海洋、自由紫色:象征高贵、神秘、浪漫橙色:象征活力、热情、温暖灰色:象征沉稳、低调、内敛褐色:象征大地、自然、朴实
中英颜色词的文化差异及翻译
, a click to unlimited possibilities
汇报人:
单击此处添加目录项标题
中英颜色词的起源与文化背景
中英颜色词的文化内涵与象征意义
中英颜色词的翻译技巧与注意事项
中英颜色词的跨文化交际与翻译实践
中英颜色词的发展趋势与未来展望
目录
添加章节标题
01
01
红色:热情、活力、勇敢、爱情
04
02
03
蓝色:平静、稳定、忠诚、安全
绿色:自然、环保、和平、希望
黄色:阳光、快乐、温暖、智慧
05
黑色:神秘、权威、优雅、死亡
06
白色:纯洁、和平、干净、开始
中英颜色词的翻译技巧与注意事项
04
直译法
直译法的适用场景:源语言和目标语言在颜色词方面有相似之处,可以直接翻译
直译法的缺点:可能不符合目标语言的表达习惯,难以传达源语言的文化内涵
中英文化差异--颜色词-1
d. the symbol of power and influence 朱门 (vermilion gates, red-lacquered doors of wealthy homes ) 朱衣 (red clothes worn by emperors in summer) 朱轩 (red carriage taken by highly-placed or highranking government officials )
• In the stock market:
• red→ fall in stock (Dow Jones Indexes in • America) • red→ rise in stock (in China)
3. Cultural connotations of the English word “red”
2. Cultural connotations of the Chinese character “hong”
b. the symbol of revolution • 红军 • --the Red Army • 红色革命根据地 • --red revolutionary base • 红领巾 • --red scarf • 红卫兵 • --red guard
3. Cultural connotations of the English word “red”
b. Red is used as a symbol of guilt, sin, passion and anger, often as connected with blood or sex .
2. Cultural connotations of the Chinese character “hong”
颜色东西方差异(中英文)
注:下划线斜字体不在ppt上展示!Part 1:Before we start our presentation today, first let’s try some interesting translation. “You look blue today. What’s wrong with you?”“你今天看起来闷闷不乐,你怎么了”Means “你今天看起来闷闷不乐,你怎么了”。
blue外表上是蓝色的意思,但这里却作“忧郁的”解。
Then let’s move on to another case:“The smoke made him cough. He coughed harshly, his face lit like a tomato.”“烟使他呛起来。
他难受地咳着,脸胀得像番茄一样红”Which means“烟使他呛起来。
他难受地咳着,脸胀得像番茄一样红”如果按字面翻译的话,最后一句的意思应为“他的脸像番茄一样”,但是要使翻译到达信达雅的效果的话,应该译为“脸胀得像番茄一样红”。
在英文表达中这个颜色词”红”是用tomato这个实物指代的。
可见,颜色词在中英文中的含义用法有诸多的不同,而这正是我们今天presentation 的主题:Part2:The Cultural Differences of Color Words in Chinese and English(单独作一页PPT,也可以在这里加上小组成员,分工等)From the scientific definition, color is a visual phenomenon launched, reflected or caused through certain light wave by the object; it is one kind of visual essential features of human eye. While on the basic color words, there is not so much difference in English and in Chinese, in Chinese, there are 赤(chi)、橙(cheng)、黄(huang)、绿(lv)、青(qing)、蓝(lan)、紫(zi)、黑、白,and in English there are red,orange, yellow, green,cyan,blue and purple, black and white, color words in each nation’s language differ from one anther in the world.可见在对视觉上对颜色的描述,中英文是不存在什么差异的But now the color words not only express the color, but also imply the cultural factors of each country, different cultures can reflect one country’s history, aesthetic taste and national psychology. It is the bright and colorful nature which provides the place for life and the foundation for developing. Therefore, it is of great importanceto study color words to find out how they reflect cultural differences in both the original and target language and why they can influence our daily life.然而在象征意义和文化含义上,中英文对颜色的理解就十分明显了,并且了解这种差异对于我们学习英语来说是非常有必要的In specific. The main colors of English and Chinese are same or similar,but some color words in one language can refer to more one color in other language. So the English and Chinese color words are not always corresponding word. Take the colorsof red, black, white, yellow, green and blue for examples as showed below.REDBoth in China and English speaking countries, red always be connected with joyous and celebrate events. For example, “red-letter days” in English means memorial day, often refers to Christmas Day. ”to paint the town red” means binge, quaff, or even monkey business〔狂欢痛饮胡闹〕“roll out the red carpet for sb.”〔铺展红地毯隆重地欢送某人〕.red also used to express some sorts of emotion. For instance, “become red-faced”or “sb’s face turned red” has the same meaning with “脸红” in Chinese. And “to see red ” along with “wave a red flag” equals to “为难、发怒” in Chinese.In Chinese particularly, the word “ hong ” represents luck, happiness, success, celebration and festival. In traditional Chinese weddings, not only the decorations are full of red color, including red candle, red quilts, red words “喜”and so on, but also the clothing of the bride and groom, as well as the red veil of the bride〔新娘的红盖头〕, thus bringing a wedding atmosphere and implying the prosperous future of the newlyweds. Furthermore, the word “红火”represents exuberant and lively. The word “红利” , describes the enterprise division of profits to shareholders or bonuses to staff. The word “红颜” refers to a young and beautiful woman.But in English, the word “ red ” represents danger, violence and debauchery〔放纵;沉湎酒色〕 with strong derogatory〔贬义的〕 meaning. When talking about the word red, people always imagine the fire and blood. For instance, “ red-faced ” represents embarrassed or angry; “ red alert ” is a warning that something very dangerous is likely to happen; “ the red rules of tooth and claws ”〔残杀和暴力统治〕means tyranny or a cruel, harsh, and unfair control over other people. With the cultural exchange, the word “ red ” in English comes to have some complimentary sense, such as “ red carpet ” used to welcome very important visitors as the speci al treatment when they arrive. However, in English “ red ” has different meanings in economy, such as “ in the red ” “ get into the red ” both mean somebody is in debt. So “ red ” is really the word making people happy at some time, but upset at other time.No matter in China or western countries, as a darker color, “黑” or “ black ” often has something to do with dirtiness, illegality, death, mourning, sadness, despair, an ger and justice. “V icious”“bad” are common meanings of black in both Chinese and English.In China, “乌黑的手” is what we call dirty hands. “黑市” implies the listed commodities trading allowed without government's approval, “黑车” means the illegal taxi with a higher charge. In the funeral, Chinese will tie a black band around one arm to show the sad feeling. If people get angry, we see the expression “他黑着个脸”. Sometimes “黑” symbolizes the justice, because in ancient China, we had a famous righteous officer called “包拯”, who had black complexion.In western country, “ a black sweet ”“ black water ” mean dirty. “ Black money ” indicates the income earned in an illegal way. Black is also a color for mourning dress (丧服)in Western countries. “ A black dog ” and “ black mood ”both refer to the low spirit of people. When people get angry, they look “ black-browed ” or “ black in the face ” or “ as black as thunder ”, and they also have“ black passion ”.WhiteSimilarities:The color white gives both Chinese and English the similar imagination to some extent. Take “pure” and ”innocent” for example , which means “纯洁,清白无辜的”. In Chinese, the word “白” is the symbol of death, depression and failure. In the funerals, traditional Chinese people always wear white mourning dress to express condolences to the dead. The funeral can also be called “白事” in Chinese. Also, the word “白” has the meaning of the civilian, such as “白丁” represents the illiterate people or the uneducated common people. In traditional drama, the implications of the word “白” is treachery. That is why the famous ancient politician,曹操, was described as “白脸奸臣”.On the contrary, the word “ white ” refers to the chastity, hope, happiness, joy and naivety in English. “ A white lie ” means a lie that you tell someone in order to protect them or avoid hurting their feelings. If someo ne is said to be “ white-handed ”, it means he or she is honest or innocent. In the Bible, the Angels are always with a pair of white wings and a silver-white halo overhead. White is the incarnation〔具象化〕 of being smart, kind and beautiful. the bride always dresses in a white wedding dress as a symbol of pure and beautiful.In ancient China, the word “黄” is a kind of noble color because it signifies the color of the skin of the Chinese people. When it came to “黄”, the majority of Chinese people will be reminded of the yellow clothes which the emperor wore. So, there are a lot of words with “黄”, such as “黄道吉日” with the meaning of the lucky day suitable to do things and “黄袍加身” with the meaning of acclaiming emperor. Nowadays, this word is associated with sex in Chinese. The word “扫黄”is the symbol of the elimination of the pornography and prostitution(淫秽制品以及卖淫嫖娼).As the color of gold and the sun, “ yellow” is the symbol of wealth, honor and power in English. It’s a holy color in Christianity. The Father wears golden crucifix 〔十字架〕, and the holy cup used by Jesus in his last supper is also yellow. In English, there is a phrase “ a yellow ribbon ”, used as a symbol of welcome for those people who will return home. So “ to hang yellow ribbons for somebody ” is to give awarm welcome for one’s return. “ Yellow ” sometimes implies warning. “ A yellow card ” is a card held up by a football referee to show that a player has done something wrong. Later it is used generally throughout the world as a symbol of warning.GreenGreen is a sort of color full of vigor and energy underlying life, youth, hope, peace and energy both in Chinese and English.In Chinese, there is another saying of “绿”, that is “青”, so there exists such phrases as “青春年华”, “常青树”. At present, the color “绿” also means environmental protection, such as in the phrase: “ the Green Party ”, “ Green Revolution ”, “ green food ”, “ green consumerism ” and so forth.But comparatively speaking, green has more associative indications in English such as “ green hands ” and “ be in the green ”, which mean being inexperienced. What’s more, the implications of green can also be envious and jealous, such as “ green with envy ”, “ green as jealousy ” and “ green-eyed monster ”. In Britain as well as in the United States, the color green is one of the favorite colors, and there are many places decorated with green color and even US dollars are green. Thus the color term “ green ” is often used to refer to money or fortune.BlueIn Chinese, the word “ 蓝” represents the color of the sky and water, symbolizing calm, reflection, modesty and the intellect. In fact, the implications of Chinese word“ 蓝” is less. To Chinese people, blue is the color of the dress worn by Confucian scholars in ancient times, and “蓝衫”was once used to refer to “秀才”, who passed the imperial examination at the county level in Ming and Qing dynasties.In English, the word “ blue ” commonly is a metaphor of depression, frustration, sorrow and anguish. If somebody is “ in a blue mood ”, he or sh e may feel sad, gloomy and depressed. Similar in meaning is “ a blue Monday ”, indicating the first day of work or school after a pleasant, happy weekend. Moreover, blue denotes high social position or being aristocratic〔贵族的〕. For instance, “ blue-blooded ” describes someone who have been born into a family which belongs to a royal or noble family or the highest social class. In contrast, another meaning of “ blue ” in English is connected with sex. “ Blue movie ” means a movie showing a lot of sexual activ ity, and “ blue talk ” means a talk which is coarse〔粗俗的〕.Part3:The Reasons for Different Culture Connotation between English and Chinese Color Words1、Natural EnvironmentsWe know the weather of England is always warm and the wool spinning industry has developed rapidly in England from early time.Thereby,English people often use sheep or wool as analogue. For example,there is wool so white but a dyer call make it black(羊毛虽白,染之则黑)As rice is the main food in china, Chinese is accustomed to using “米黄色” to describe the yellow just like the color of rice, while in western countries, butter and cream is the daily food, so “cream ” or “ butter- yellow” is often used in English. But in English yellow also has meanings of vulgar and despicable which has nothing to do with pornographic as yellow means in Chinese. This kind of usage began in 1895.New York world published picture story caricature yellow kids that was printed in yellow.Yellow journalisms and yellow covered literatures are just some vulgar publications.2、Historical BackgroundsIn Chinese, “绿帽子” (lv mao zi) is a metaphor, which means to be a cuckold. This kind of usage appropriately began in Tang dynasty. At that time, the male in brothel should wear a green hat to represent their identity. Chinese ancients viewed green as an impure color and represents low class. Therefore, the one whose wife has a paramour is called “戴绿帽子”. While western countries have no similar historic background, they don’t understand the meaning inside. In translation, it can not be simply translated into “He wears a green hat”, but “a cuckold husband”。
中英文的不同文化
2.正当旳、正当旳、公平、公开
• 人们常把正当收入、正当渠道、正当市场 分别称为“白色收入”,“白道”,和 “白市”,在这里,白就是正当,正当旳 意思。White又引申为公平、公开,如: They treated us white.(他们公平旳看待 我们)white light (白光)比喻公正无私 地判断。put on a white sheet字面意思是 “穿白袍”,实指“忏悔,认错”。
4.在中英文化中人们也会用“白” 来作为他们旳姓氏,如白氏 \Mr .white (怀特先生)
(四)“白色”旳中英文化旳内涵
差别
• 中国老式文化中白色也象征不祥,令人恐惊,如丧礼上旳 白衣,白帽,白花,丧事称为“白事”,其消费称为“白 色消费”。旧时,迷信旳人把给人带来灾祸旳人称为“白 虎星” ;把出力而得不到好处或没有效果旳叫做“白忙”, “白费力”或“白干”。它还象征知识肤浅,没有功名。 如称平民百姓为“白丁”、“白衣”;把缺乏锻炼,阅历 不深旳文人称为“白面书生”。 “白”在当代政治概念 上被当做“红”旳对立面,象征反动,反革命,如“白 区”、“白军”、“白色恐怖”等等;20世纪60年代旳 “白专道路”也具有贬义,指单纯追求业务技术,不突出 政治路线。另外,中国老式戏曲中旳“白脸”,象征奸诈、 阴险,生活中“唱白脸”比喻装出严厉旳样子,意为做恶 人。汉语中用“白眼”“白痴”表达对别人旳厌恶。
2.死亡、悲痛、不幸、愤怒、沮丧
• 在我国古代,黑色是一种尊重和庄重旳颜色。在 当代汉语中,黑色更多旳是贬义,象征死亡,苦 难,和悲痛。这一点与英语中black联想意义大致 相同。例如,英美人在葬礼上装黑色服装,中国 人在葬礼上戴黑纱。在英汉两种文化中,黑色常 视为“死亡之色”。所以黑色也有了悲痛、不幸 之意。A black day指晦气旳一天;a black dog 指忧郁不开心旳人;汉语中一样有”黑色心情“” 今日很黑仔“等说法。英语里,black despair; in a black mood;black comedy和black humor均表悲哀、沮丧或绝望。汉语中旳”黑色 旳旧社会“,”黑色旳心情“,”黑色旳高考 “、”黑色星期二“等都有相同之意。
浅析中英文中颜色词的文化差异
浅析中英文中颜色词的文化差异1000字颜色作为人类感知世界的最基本元素之一,不仅在自然界中普遍存在,也在人的社会生活中扮演着重要的角色。
然而,不同的文化对于颜色的理解和运用方式存在显著的差异。
中英文中颜色词的文化差异不仅存在于颜色名称本身,还表现为颜色在语言和文化中所象征的意义、文学和艺术创作中所使用的意象和主题等多个方面。
本文将从颜色名称、意象和文化象征等方面探讨中英文中颜色词的文化差异。
一、颜色名称1. 颜色的计数方式辛亥革命期间,许多粤籍人士曾因所习惯的数目计数方式不同而产生误解。
中文中“十一”指的是11,而英文中“eleven”只是10+1。
中文中的计数方式采用了类似于满2进1的计数原理,即每到10就进1。
而英语则采用逢10进位的方法。
由于颜色分类中的主要基准之一为10个基本颜色,因此,东西方的分类标准就存在一定差异。
在英语中,颜色的基本单元是primary colors(三原色)和secondary colors(三原色的混合色),还有white(白)和black(黑)两种非色彩语义。
而在中文中,由于采用了进位计数,因此加上gray(灰)和pink(粉红)等中间色之后,常常会得到13种基本颜色,即“红、黄、蓝、绿、黑、白、灰、橙、紫、青、棕、粉、金”等。
不过在具体使用中,中文中也常常只使用八九种基本颜色来描述事物。
2. 颜色的名称差异由于中英文发音习惯和语言形式的不同,同一种颜色在两种语言中的名称往往会存在差异。
比如,英文中“red”和“read”在口音上稍有差异,而“read”既可以表示红色又可以表示读的过去分词。
而中文中红色只有一个表达方式,“红”。
此外,中英文中颜色名称的使用范围也存在差异。
例如,在英语中,“surprising pink”指的是粉红色的一种较亮的变种;而在中文中,“惊艳粉”这个名称并不常用,还没有一个确定的颜色指向。
二、颜色意象1. 黑色的象征黑色在中英文中的象征意义存在一定的差异。
浅谈中英翻译中颜色词差异
• 英语中也有类似的现象,“white”并不表示”白”的意思,如:white elephant,昂贵又无用 之物白费事”(all in vain, a waste of time energy)。
颜 色 词 的 异 同
浅 谈 中 英 翻 译 中
摘要
我们生活在多姿多彩的颜色世界中,颜 色赋予生活丰富的文化涵义和延伸意义。 在不同的文化中同一种颜色会让人产生 不同的联想和不一样的感情,我们应该 充分考虑其中的文化差异。英汉语言习 惯不同,风俗各异,表示各种颜色的词 在人类生活中占据举足轻重的地位,英 汉颜色的用法和方法也不仅相同,就是 对同一种颜色的理解和使用也有差异, 接下来我们就以英汉两种语言中的一些 色彩词的差异列举例子给予分析。
5
黄色
• 在汉语文化中,黄色与红色相近,是红色的一种发展变异,如旧时人们把宜于办大事、喜事的日 子称为“黄道吉日”,意为“吉祥如意”,黄色又代表“权势、威严”,这是因为在古代的五方、 五行、五色中,中央为黄色,象征中央政权、国土之义。因此,黄色为历代封建帝王所专有,平 民百姓不敢擅用,如“黄袍”,专指天子的“龙袍”;专指天子的仪仗;“黄榜”,专指天子的 诏书;“黄马褂”,专指清朝皇帝钦赐文武重臣的官服语中黄色有时象征低级趣味、色情庸俗的意思,如黄色 电影、黄色书刊、黄色光碟等。这些名称中的“黄”与英语中的“yellow”无关。能够表示汉语 中这些意思的词汇应该是:vulgar(庸俗下流的)、obscene(猥亵的)等。然而,英语中。
• 然而,如果中国英语学习者看到含有“red”的英语短语时,就产生对应联想,想当然地以为是褒义词,如 在一段英文语篇中把“a red battle”(血腥的战斗)简单地理解为“正义之战,革命之战”或把 “a red flag”(危险信号旗)仅仅理解为“一面红旗”,那就不得其解了。因为在英语文化中,“red” 主要指鲜血“blood”(鲜血)的颜色,而“blood”在西方人眼中是奔腾的“生命之液”,一旦鲜血流淌 不止,生命之花也就凋谢。所以,“red”使西方人联想到的反而是“暴力”和“危险”,是一个贬意相当 强的词汇。“red”首先象征“残暴、流血”,如“red rules of tooth and claw”(残杀和暴力统治), “red revenge”(血腥复仇);其次象征“危险、紧张”,如“red alert”(空袭报警), “a red adventure story”(一个令人紧张的冒险故事);当然“red”还有“放荡、淫秽”之象征意义, 如“a red waste of his youth”(他因放荡而浪费的青春)。
谈中英颜色词“黑色”的文化涵义及其翻译
谈中英颜色词“黑色”的文化涵义及其翻译论文关键词:颜色词文化涵义直译意译论文摘要:颜色词在很大程度上反映了不同民族,不同时代人们的文化心理,审美情趣等等。
本文从文化角度对中英两种语言中的颜色词黑色”进行比较分析,从而了解其文化涵义,同时对其在英汉互译时的基本翻译方法进行了初步探讨。
1文化内涵的等同性黑色作为一种基本颜色词在英汉两种文化中除了它的本义相同在以下几个方面还表现出相同的文化内涵。
1)表示“坏的,肮脏的,邪恶的”黑色因其代表的颜色表示昏暗无光故常用于贬义,常与不好的事物联系在一起。
blacknews指坏消息,blackwater指“黑水”(肮脏或受污染的水)。
在著名的芭蕾舞剧《天鹅湖》中,黑天鹅是邪恶与阴险的象征。
2)表示“死亡,悲哀,不幸,愤怒”在英汉两种文化中,黑色常被视为“死亡之色”。
在英语国家中人们参加葬时一般都穿黑色衣服,在中国的葬礼上人们常常臂戴黑纱以示哀悼。
正是因为黑色常与死亡联系在一起,因此也与悲哀、不幸有了不可分割的联系。
“ablackday”指倒霉的一天“;ablackdog”指忧郁不开心的人;汉语中同样有“黑色心情”“,黑色七月”等。
此外,汉语中常用“黑着脸”来表示发怒,英语中也有类似用法如“beblackwithanger”。
3)表示“私下的,秘密的,非法的”黑色因其阴暗无光的意义故其比喻义常与非法等意义相关。
“blackmoney(黑钱)”指通过违法手段得到的不义之财,类似的还有“blackmarket(黑市)、blacklist(黑名单)black-hearted(黑心的,邪恶的)、blackdeeds(恶劣行径)。
汉语中同样有“黑户、黑钱、黑货、黑店”等等。
4)表示“庄重、正义”黑色除了表示消极意义也表示积极意义。
在我国古代,黑色是一种尊重和庄重的颜色,是夏朝和秦朝所崇尚的正色,缁衣(黑色帛做的衣服)则是卿士听朝的正服。
因黑色和铁的颜色相似,我国古人常将铁的坚硬特征与黑色联系起来,用黑色来象征“刚直、公正无私”,因此在中国戏曲脸谱艺术中,往往用黑色脸谱来象征历史人物的秉公执法,刚正不阿等高尚品质,最典型的代表是宋朝的包拯。
颜色的意义在中英文中的差异
蓝色 Blue
蓝色(blue)在汉语中的引申意义较少,而在英语中blue是一个含义十分丰富的 颜色词。在翻译同这一颜色有关的表达时,我们应该注意其中的特别含义。 英语的blue常用来喻指人的“情绪低落”、“心情沮丧”、“忧愁苦闷”,如:` They felt rather blue after the failure in the football match. 球赛踢输了,他们感到有些沮丧。 ---- She looks blue today. What’s the matter with her? ---- She is in holiday blue. ---- 她今天显得闷闷不乐,出了什么事情? ---- 她得了假期忧郁症。 holiday blue 相当于winter holiday depression,指冬季假期时,人困在家里,感 到无聊寂寞时的心情或情绪。另一个同低落的情绪有关的词组是:a blue Monday(倒霉的星期一),指度过快乐的周末后,星期一又要上学或上班,所 以情绪不好。 blue在英语中有时用来指“黄色的”、“下流的”意思,如:blue talk 下流的言 论 blue video 黄色录象 有时blue又有社会地位高、出身名门的意义,如blue blood(贵族血统)。 此外,blue在英语中与其它词汇搭配,还有另外的含义,如:out of blue 意想不 到 once in a blue 千载难逢 drink till all’s blue 一醉方休
经济方面: red ink 赤字 in the black 盈利 white goods 白色货物,指冰箱、洗衣 机等外壳为白色的家电产品 brown goods 棕色货物,指电视、录音机、音响等 外壳为,我们无时 无刻不在与颜色打交道。英汉颜色词语的词义 有时对应,有时相佐。我们在翻译时应该仔细 推敲,谨慎处理。
中英颜色词语义对比与翻译
“
世界上 几乎每一个 民族都有 自己独特的语言理 解和思 维方式 , 英汉两个 民族也不例外 , 观察 、 在 理解与思维方式 上 都存在着一定 的差异 。 对同一事物 , 往往理解不同 , 而产生语 言 表 达 方式 的差 异 。 些 丰 富 多彩 的表 达 方 式 与纷 繁 复杂 的 这 习惯差异是 由于汉 民族 文化与英美 文化之间存在着 民族历 史、 社会制度 、 维方式宗教信 仰等因素的影 响 , 思 在特定的环
此 可 见 , 有 了解 英 汉 文 化 的背 景 知 识 , 握 颜 色词 在 两 种 只 掌 语 言 的 深层 含义 , 不会 造 成 误译 。 才
rn o dy ) 表示顺利和成功 时用: atnhl as等。 o i 红榜( oo ad 、 h nr or ) b
开 门红 ( t ft a ods r 、 堂 红 (ucs i ee e ) o o at 满 o g t ) scesn vr f l 、 yi d
都可 以产生 出联 想意 义, 用来表 达人 的思想 、 情感 和对事物 的看法等等。在英语 中 . 不少 表示颜色 的词在描述人 的心理 活动时有许 多隐喻。我们只有 了解这些 , 能正确地把握话 才
语的意思。
多 与 颜 色 有 关 的 词 语 是 在 特 定 历 史 背 景下 产 生 的 , 果 不 了 如
中图分类号 : 0 9 H 5
文献标 志码 : A
文章编 号:6 3 2 1 2 1 )7 0 1— 2 17 — 9X(0 0 0 — 2 0 0
一
、
引言
浅析中英颜色词语的翻译
• 红色和 red • ① 红色和red都可意指“温暖”、“幸福”、 “害羞”等。在中国,红色总是与庆祝活动或喜 庆日子有关。中国人在过节时喜欢挂上红灯笼, 在中国传统婚礼上,新郎、新娘穿上红色衣服来 表示吉利,还要点上红蜡烛,新房到处贴上大红 喜字表示幸福美满。red 在英语中的用法也一样, to roll out a red carpet(铺展红地毯)用来迎接重要 客人:red一letter days(纪念日、喜庆的日子),在 西方一般指圣诞节或其他节日。这些日子在日历 上是用红色标明的。又如:to paint the town red表 示“狂欢”、“痛饮”,不是“把全城染红”之 意。
• 很多与颜色词搭配的汉英词语,它们的语义也是不对应的。 • ①白脸不等于white face • 起初,汉语习语“白脸”指的是京剧中的白脸小丑,这些 丑角通常在舞台上担任一些反面角色,如:恶棍、混混儿、 奸诈狡猾的商人,昏庸的贪官等。因此,“白脸”在汉语 中可以说是一个贬义词。在英国戏剧中的丑角也是把脸上 涂成白色,他们指的是一些滑稽可笑但心地善良的角色, 意在取悦观众。另外white face 有时可用来描述有银白色 脸的动物,a white faced man意指“不健康的人”。然而 汉语中的“小白脸”是对那些年轻而又无经验的人的轻蔑 称呼,不管他们的肤色是否是白的
colorwordsinshades色差颜色词colorwordswithcolorsofobjects实物颜色词silver银白gold金色leadgray铅灰在不同的两种语言中的基本颜色词不可能有绝对的语义对应只是相对的语义对应在英汉语基本颜色词中有些词不仅在字面意义上而且在内涵意义上具备相对的语义对应
3. color words in shades(色差颜色词)
中英颜色词的文化和翻译对比
中英颜色词的文化和翻译对比作者:曾晓梅来源:《学习周报·教与学》2019年第52期摘 ;要:英汉中许多与颜色有关的词,由于这两种语言属于两个完全不同的文化类别,因此这两种语言在赋予相同颜色的语义上具有相同和不同之处。
在理解和欣赏颜色词时,与之相关的语境含义、文化内涵、翻译差别显得尤为重要。
本文通过比较中英文颜色词,介绍了它们在含义和翻译上的异同。
关键词:颜色词;中英对比一、中英颜色词的背景信息(一)颜色词差异原因几个原因可以解释英汉颜色词的差异:独特的民族信仰;个性化的思维方式和表达方式;不同的政治形态和社会心理。
(二)颜色词分类中英文存在大量颜色词,不同语言在描述颜色时有着明显的相似之处。
颜色词的分类基本相同。
颜色词在英语和汉语中基本上分为三类:1.基本颜色词是指可以显示事物颜色的词。
英文和中文有一些常见的颜色词,如黑、白、红、黄、绿。
2.物质性颜色词指通过自然色彩在自然界中的物体上的显示来表达颜色的词。
如炭黑——carbon black。
3.阴影颜色词表示通过自然光或来自太阳的白光显示在不同的对象上,呈现明暗不一的阴影而显示出的颜色,比如说“金黄”。
二、中文与英文的颜色词翻译相同颜色被认为是事物的客观存在。
不同的人在同一颜色上具有相同的外部表现,并且人们的思想有一些相似之处。
这导致使用颜色词时有一些相同或相似之处。
例如:黑板——Blackboard;红旗——Red flag。
上面的示例是中文和英文翻译一一对应。
在中英文中,某些颜色词都很相同的内涵和翻译,例如红色都代表与节日有关的热情和喜庆,黑色用来代表庄严和肃穆,灰色代表萧条和沮丧,蓝色代表宁静、悲伤与和平,白色代表纯洁、孤独和沉浮。
三、中英文颜色词的翻译差异(一)红色不论是在过去还是现代中国文化中,红色都最流行的颜色之一。
自古以来,它就与庆祝、吉祥和温暖息息相关。
在中国,红色是胜利、吉祥、荣誉、活力等的象征。
在西方国家,红色具有相反的含义,红色多被赋予贬低之意。
中西方文化差异之颜色篇知识讲解
Black
黑色在中英文中都含有“邪恶,阴险”的意思。但是翻译是不 一定翻译成黑或者black.例如:
黑心-evil mind
black sheep 害群之马
黑市-black marketΒιβλιοθήκη black Maria 囚车
黑幕-the evil inside of something black leg 破坏罢工的工贼
Blue
色谱中,蓝色是冷色调。但是它又是青色与品色的相融合的颜 色。冷静中多了几分性感的情感。蓝色的象征意义取决于它的 明度:明度高的蓝色象征清新与宁静,“蓝天碧水”;明度低 的蓝色象征庄重与崇高“澧兰沅芷”;明度极低的蓝色象往着 孤独与悲伤“蓝色妖姬”。蓝色产生有寒冷、消极与肃穆的心 理联想“白袷蓝衫”。蓝色脸谱,表现性格刚直,桀骜不驯。 如:《上天台》中的马武,“《连环套》里的窦尔墩。
—She is in holiday blue.
blue在英文中还有“黄色,下流”的意思。例如: blue talk 下流的谈话 blue vedio 爱情动作片 有时blue又有“高贵,社会地位高”的意思。例如: blue blood 贵族血统 blue在和其他词搭配的时候还有其他意思。例如: out of blue意想不到 once in a blue 千载难逢 drink till all's blue 一醉方休
Green
“春风又绿江南岸”,在中文里,绿色象征着“勃勃生机、生 命和希望”。但是在一些特定的词和诗里又有其特定的意思。 比如:“灯红酒绿”、“绿色食物”、“绿帽子”、“绿林好 汉”、“一路绿灯”。
green在英文里可以表示“嫉妒,眼红”。所以中文的“眼红” 应翻译成green-eyed.
从颜色词看中英文化差异
从颜色词看中英文化差异
中国文化对颜色有着独特的理解和赋予,与英文文化存在一些差异。
下面是一些常见颜色词在中英文化中的差异:
1. 红色 (Red):在中国文化中,红色代表着喜庆、热情、吉祥和好运。
红色是中国文化中最喜欢的颜色,常用于喜庆的场合,如婚礼和春节。
而在英文文化中,红色通常与爱情、激情和力量相关。
2. 黄色 (Yellow):在中国文化中,黄色象征着皇权和尊贵。
中国古
代帝王常使用黄色作为皇家颜色。
黄色还象征着丰收和土地的肥沃。
而在
英文文化中,黄色通常与太阳、温暖、快乐和活力相关。
3. 白色 (White):在中国文化中,白色代表着清白、纯洁和丧事悼念。
白色常用于婚礼中新娘的婚纱以及葬礼上的丧服。
而在英文文化中,
白色通常与纯洁和无暇相关。
4. 蓝色 (Blue):在中国文化中,蓝色常与男性相关,代表着清澈和
纯净。
而在英文文化中,蓝色通常与忧郁和冷静相关,例如“Monday blues”表示星期一的低落情绪。
5. 绿色 (Green):在中国文化中,绿色与春天、生命和希望相关,
被视为吉祥的颜色。
而在英文文化中,绿色通常与自然、环保和生态相关,也与嫉妒相关(green with envy)。
这些是一些常见颜色词在中英文化中的差异。
颜色的文化赋予不仅体
现了不同的情绪和象征意义,也反映了不同文化对生活和世界的认知和态度。
颜色的意义在中英文中的差异
在英语和汉语中,红色有时可以完全对应,有时却大相径庭: 红旗red flag 红糖 brown sugar 红茶 black tea 红榜 honour roll
红豆 love pea 红运 good luck 红利 dividen 红事wedding red wine 红酒 red ruin 火灾 red battle 血战 red sky 彩霞
蓝色 Blue
蓝色(blue)在汉语中的引申意义较少,而在英语中blue是一个含义十分丰富的 颜色词。在翻译同这一颜色有关的表达时,我们应该注意其中的特别含义。 英语的blue常用来喻指人的“情绪低落”、“心情沮丧”、“忧愁苦闷”,如:` They felt rather blue after the failure in the football match. 球赛踢输了,他们感到有些沮丧。 ---- She looks blue today. What’s the matter with her? ---- She is in holiday blue. ---- 她今天显得闷闷不乐,出了什么事情? ---- 她得了假期忧郁症。 holiday blue 相当于winter holiday depression,指冬季假期时,人困在家里,感 到无聊寂寞时的心情或情绪。另一个同低落的情绪有关的词组是:a blue Monday(倒霉的星期一),指度过快乐的周末后,星期一又要上学或上班,所 以情绪不好。 blue在英语中有时用来指“黄色的”、“下流的”意思,如:blue talk 下流的言 论 blue video 黄色录象 有时blue又有社会地位高、出身名门的意义,如blue blood(贵族血统)。 此外,blue在英语中与其它词汇搭配,还有另外的含义,如:out of blue 意想不 到 once in a blue 千载难逢 drink till all’s blue 一醉方休
英汉颜色词文化内涵比较.
尊贵的。现代汉语中除用于描述颜色本身外, 还可表示事物根本的依据。如蓝图。
英语:含义丰富。
1.象征高贵。“blue blood”(贵族或王族 出生、贵族或王族出生的人4);blue book(社会名人录) ;blue ribbon(头奖、 冠军)(源于英国最高荣誉勋章的蓝色绶带, 而今美国大大小小比赛的优胜者也常常被授 予蓝色绶带);blue stocking(才女)。
此外,还有一些固定用法:
“yellow alert(提前警戒)”;yellow looks(令人生疑的表情)
三、蓝色
汉语:本指可制蓝色染料的草本植物蓼蓝。 《诗经》中已有关于民间采蓝染青的描述, 可见上古时代蓝色已广泛使用。古汉语中 “青”“碧”“苍”都包含有蓝的意思, 所以有青出于蓝之说。古代低级官员(唐 代八品、明代五到七品)和儒生都穿蓝衣。 明代流行品蓝和宝蓝色。清代的官服一律 为石青或蓝色,三品官员戴明蓝顶,六品 以下受赐可戴蓝翎,因此,蓝色在古代是
business.
“the blues”:另义:一种伤感的美国黑人民 歌、慢四步爵士舞曲。
3.(人的脸色等)发灰的、(动物的毛皮)等 青灰色的。“turn blue with fear”(人)吓 得脸发青。Your hands are blue with cold.
你的手冻得发紫。
4.低级趣味或色情之意。
2.象征忧郁、沮丧。“blue music”(调子 忧伤而又舒缓的音乐);in a blue mood(情绪低沉);I am feeling rather blue today. He was in the blues (忧郁、 烦闷。“be in(have) the blues”:闷闷 不乐)on account of his failure in
中英文颜色词的文化内涵和翻译(一)
中英文颜色词的文化内涵和翻译(一)【摘要】由于汉语和英语两种语言的文化差异,许多词汇蕴涵了不同的民族感情色彩,在翻译和交际过程中可能产生偏差和误解。
本文以颜色词汇为例分析解读了颜色词汇的不同文化内涵和感情色彩,以此达到增强语言交际能力、避免文化冲突的目的。
【关键词】颜色;词汇;文化差异;文化内涵Abstract:OwingtotheculturaldifferencebetweenChineseandEnglish,wordsar eembeddedwithdifferentnationalfeeling,whichwouldresultinmisunderstan dingevenwrongtranslationinthecourseofcommunication.Thisarticletakesso mecolorsforinstancetoanalyzeculturalconnotationsandhiddennationalfeeli ngsofvocabularyindifferentcountriessoastoimprovecommunicationandavoi dculturalconflicts.Keyword:colourvocabularyculturaldifferenceculturalconnotation对颜色的认知,是人类最基本的认知范畴之一。
虽然各种语言表达颜色的词汇数量差别较大,但是基本词汇,如黑、白、红、黄、绿、蓝等,在很多语言中都是相通的。
不过,由于各民族文化风俗、地理位置、历史传统、宗教信仰、民族心理、思维习惯等方面差异,颜色词语有时表现出各民族独特的“个性”,带有显著的文化烙印。
比如巴西人忌讳绿色,日本人忌讳黄色,泰国人忌讳红色,比利时人忌讳蓝色,土耳其人忌讳花色,欧美国家大多忌讳黑色。
颜色在不同的民族文化中承载了不同的内涵。
某些词汇包含多项文化内涵,其中某一个文化内涵可能与译入语完全契合,某一个可能部分对应,而另一个可能相互冲突。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
The cultural differences of color words between English and ChineseTranslationAbstract: Red, white, black three color words have similarities in associative meaning, Chinese culture and Western culture in the symbolic meaning and semantics, and there are also differences,with the common, confusing phrases and idioms translation, let people know the importance of color words in English and Chinese in two cultures.Keywords:color words; symbolic meaning; cultural difference; idiomColor is closely related with human life, we every hour and moment is not in dealing with color. Represents various color words embody national cultural features of English and Chinese culture is different,the performance of different national "personality”, with significant cultural stigma. The same color words often contain different symbolic significance. Therefore, correctly grasp the deep meaning of color words in the two languages and the correct translation, master the vocabulary and idioms in the English language, has a role can not be ignored in cross—cultural communication。
This paper focuses on three color words: red (red), white (white), black (black), it is in the two languages of English and Chinese language and culture differences be explained, and some common translation and confusable vocabulary and idioms, for English learners.一。
REDWhether in China or in western countries, often live with festive red Move on, but in China the symbolic meanings of red more strongly。
Red symbolizes celebration, successful, thriving, warm,such as "full house",”good”,"fire”。
Chinese traditional wedding tone mainly in red, the bride wearing red clothes, cover red hijab, a red candle, with red hi word, a faction be burstingwith happiness. In the Anglo—American countries, the bride dressed in white wedding dress, wearing a white wedding dress。
"Red" stands for "fire" in British and American culture,"blood", ”agression”,"excitement”,”Rage","violence”, such as "seered",”red—handed", "a red battle" is reminiscent of violence and bloodshed. Red in China is also a symbol of revolution,such as "red", "be both red and expert”, while in English often pejorative meaning, with "red",”radical left.", Such as ”red belt", ”red activities”。
Red in Chinese also refers to people who favor or boss,such as ”red”, ”popular"; A joint-stock enterprises at the end of the year profits distributed to shareholders in economic terms,such as ”bonus","bonus”, While in English refers to economic or business often have ”deficit”,"loss" meaning, such as ”be in the red”,”red ink"。
Red refers to the color, has the same meaning in English and Chinese,refer to the ”red", "black”,"red” and other means, can be used as adjectives and nouns。
It refers to the traffic,with "red" in English and chinese.1. And "red" the relevant vocabulary, idioms and English to Chinese language1) 红白喜事——-weddings and funeralsChina known as the wedding for weddings, funerals for the funeral, and Anglo-American countries marriage funeral custom is different, So it should not be directly translated into "red and white happyoccasions” in translation, or foreigners will be terrified.2)红娘——-go— between/match— maker”Matchmaker" Yuan drama ”the West Chamber” heroine。
Yingying’s maid, she contributed to urge YingYing and Zhang Sheng binding, then folk is known as ”matchmaker” eager to others marriage,not a name.3)红粉;红颜——-a young beautyBoth the beauty, corresponding to the English "red" can’t, Wu Weiye of the Qing Dynasty "round”:”six Army Song wail with white mourning dress, re d crown anger as a confidante.”Chinese old beautiful woman die or be married to a bad husband is beautiful,often have ”since ancient times, confidante much"。
So in the translation should adopt free translation, avoid direct translation of color. For example,红颜薄命译为“a beautiful girl has an unfortunate life".4)《红楼梦》——-The Story of the Stone"A dream of Red Mansions" also known as ”stone”. A dream of Red Mansions in Chinese refers to the magnificent buildings, the old often refers to a rich woman. Many people directly translated into ”A Dream of the Red Mansion", but the British translator David Hawks in translation is not to take the literal translation, but taking into account the ”differences in English and Chinese culture, according to red” translate”a dream of Red Mansions” alias "stones".5)红本—-—memorials to the throne read and written in red by Chinese emperors The Ming Dynasty eunuch Liu Jin dictatorship, the memorial has two copies, a name for the emperor's white, a fine—sounding name red this to Liu Jin, but later until the Qing Dynasty, almost by Emperor Zhupi is red。