非谓语动词的基础知识
非谓语动词知识点总结
非谓语动词知识点总结非谓语动词是英语语法中的一个重要知识点,它可以用来修饰主语或宾语,增强句子的表达力和信息量。
在本文中,我将详细介绍非谓语动词的用法和一些常见的形式。
希望通过本文的阅读,读者能够更好地理解和运用非谓语动词,提高自己的英语写作水平。
一、非谓语动词的定义和分类非谓语动词是指在句子中充当动词的成分,但不具备谓语的功能。
它不受主语的人称和数的限制,也不受时态的影响。
根据其形式和功能的不同,非谓语动词可以分为动名词、不定式和分词三种形式。
1. 动名词(Gerund)动名词是动词加上-ing形式构成的名词,常用作主语、宾语、表语、宾补等。
例如:- Smoking is harmful to health.(吸烟对健康有害)- I enjoy swimming in the sea.(我喜欢在海里游泳)- His hobby is playing basketball.(他的爱好是打篮球)2. 不定式(Infinitive)不定式是动词的原形加上to构成的形式,常用作动词、形容词或名词的补语。
例如:- He wants to buy a new car.(他想买一辆新车)- I have a lot of work to do.(我有很多工作要做)- The book is too heavy to carry.(这本书太重,无法携带)3. 分词(Participle)分词是动词的-ing形式(现在分词)或-ed、-en等形式(过去分词)构成的形容词,常用作定语、状语或补语。
例如:- The running water is very clear.(流动的水非常清澈)- The broken vase has been repaired.(打破的花瓶已经修好了)- We were surprised by the exciting news.(令人兴奋的消息让我们感到惊讶)二、非谓语动词的用法非谓语动词在句子中具有独立的语法功能,可以用来修饰名词、代词、动词、形容词和副词等,以及构成复合句的各种从句。
非谓语知识点总结文库
非谓语知识点总结文库一、非谓语概述非谓语是指不表示谓语的动作、状态或性质,充当主谓宾补成分的动词形式。
非谓语包括动词不定式、动名词和分词。
非谓语可以作状语、定语、宾语、表语等。
二、动词不定式1. 不定式的构成不定式是动词的一种独立形式,由“to + 动词原形”构成。
例如:to go,to play,to sing等。
2. 不定式的用法(1)作主语:To swim is good exercise.(2)作宾语:I want to go shopping.(3)作定语:I have a book to read.(4)作状语:He got up early to catch the first bus.(5)作表语:His duty is to help others.(6)在一些动词后面,如decide, hope, plan, want, agree等,to不定式作宾语补足语。
3. 不定式的否定形式在to后加not,构成否定形式,表示否定的含义。
例如:not to go, not to play。
4. 不定式的完成形式不定式的完成形式表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前。
例如:He hopes to have finished the work by the end of the month.三、动名词1. 动名词的构成动名词是动词的一种特殊形式,由动词原形+ing构成。
例如:swimming,playing,singing等。
2. 动名词的用法(1)作主语:Swimming is good exercise.(2)作宾语:I enjoy swimming.(3)作定语:I have a swimming pool.(4)作状语:She left after finishing her homework.3. 动名词的否定形式在动名词前加not来构成否定形式。
例如:not swimming, not playing。
非谓语动词知识点总结
非谓语动词知识点总结非谓语动词知识点总结非谓语动词,又叫非限定动词,非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词,接下来是小编为您整理的非谓语动词知识点总结,希望对您有所帮助。
I.概述1.基本形式的变化:不定式:时态主动态被动态一般式to doto be done进行式to be doing完成式to have builtto have been builtJohn said that he had run in order to catch the bus. (一般式的主动态)He hated to be misunderstood by others. (一般式的被动态) He pretended to be listening attentively. (进行式)He intended to have told you that. (完成式主动态)This work of art seemed to have been created several centuries ago. (完成式的被动态)v-ing形式时态主动态被动态一般式doingbeing done完成式having donehaving been done注意:不及物动词没有被动式动名词I am sure of his coming in time. (一般式主动态) (= I am sure that he will come in time)He is proud of being selected as monitor. (一般式被动态) (= He is proud that he is selected as monitor.)I’m confident of his having passed the exam. (完成式主动态) (= I am confident that he have passed the exam.)He complained of having been cheated by others. (完成式被动态)现在分词He sat in a chair,reading a novel. (一般式主动态)Being exhausted by work, he fell asleep quickly. (一般式被动态)Having finished his homework, he went playing. (完成式主动态)All this having been settled, he went home. (完成式被动态)2.所做成分项目/成分主语表语宾语宾补定语状语动词的ing形式现在分词△ △△△动名词△△△ △不定式△△△△△△过去分词△ △△△注:现在分词、不定式、过去分词都可以作独立成分。
非谓语动词总结知识点
非谓语动词总结知识点一、动词不定式(Infinitive)动词不定式由“to + 动词原形”构成。
动词不定式在句子中可以作多种成分,具有名词的性质。
下面是动词不定式的主要用法:1. 作主语:To travel around the world is my dream.2. 作宾语:I want to study English.3. 作定语:The best way to learn English is to practice speaking.4. 作表语:My goal is to improve my English.5. 作状语:He goes to the library to study every day.当动词不定式作为宾语补足语时,它可以由动词原形构成(Bare Infinitive)。
例如:I saw him draw a picture yesterday. (我昨天看到他画了一幅画。
)二、动名词(Gerund)动名词是由动词的现在分词形式加上动词-ing构成的。
动名词在句子中可以作多种成分,具有名词的性质。
下面是动名词的主要用法:1. 作主语:Reading is my hobby.2. 作宾语:I enjoy swimming in the ocean.3. 作定语:I like watching movies.4. 作表语:His favorite activity is playing basketball.5. 作状语:He left without saying goodbye.动名词与不定式的区别在于,动名词具有名词的性质,而动词不定式具有动词的性质。
例如:I like swimming. (我喜欢游泳。
)I like to swim. (我喜欢游泳。
)动名词与动词不定式作宾语时,有时可以根据动词选择使用不定式还是动名词。
例如:I stopped smoking. (我戒烟了。
(完整版)高考英语非谓语动词知识点
非谓语动词一、非谓语动词的概念非谓语形式有三种: 1.动词不定式:to do表示目的和将来2、动词的ing(动名词) : doing表示主动和进行 3.动词的过去分词:done表示被动和完成二、非谓语动词的时态和语态一般式完成式进行式不定式主动to do to have done to be doing被动to be done to have been doneing 形式主动doing having done被动being done having been done过去分词被动done三、非谓语动词的做题步骤:1、判定是否用非谓语形式。
方法:看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了。
2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。
方法:非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。
3、判断主被动关系。
方法:非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。
4、判断时间关系。
方法:分析句子,看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。
之前常用done; 之后常用to do; 同时常用doing。
一、非谓语动词作主语和表语的比较1、不定式和动名词作主语和表语:1). 不定式表示一次性的、具体的动词。
动词ing 常表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的动作。
如:________ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.A. The walkB. WalkingC. To walkD. Walk2). 不定式作主语时,常用it 作形式主语,即用句型:It is + adj. / n. + (for / of sb. ) to do sth.It’s important for us to learn English well. It’s kind of you to help us.注意:下面几个句型是用动名词:It’s no good / use doing sth. There is no point(in)doing sth2、不定式、动名词、分词作表语的比较:1)、不定式、动名词作表语,.表示主语的内容。
非谓语动词
专题十 非谓语动词知识摘要非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)三类,它们没有人称和数的变化,但根据发生的时间、状态及主被动关系有形式上的变化,还可以有自己的宾语和状语。
考点梳理一、非谓语动词的肯定形式二、非谓语动词与逻辑主语构成复合结构形式1. 动名词的复合结构就是在动名词前加上它的逻辑主语。
其形式为:名词所有格/ 形容词性物主代词 + 动名词。
当动名词的复合结构作宾语时,还可用名词的普通格或代词的宾格作逻辑主语。
His not coming to my birthday party made me a little anxious.他没来我的生日聚会使我有点担心。
I remember Jane’s/ Jane going there. 我记得简去过那里。
2. 不定式的复合结构为:for sb./ sth. + 不定式。
It is a must for us to have a good command of English.我们熟练掌握英语是必要的。
3. 非谓语动词的否定式是在非谓语动词前加not 。
I warned him not to come late again.我警告过他不要再迟到。
三、非谓语动词的句法功能考点一、非谓语动词作状语一、不定式、分词作状语的基本原则不定式、分词作状语时,不定式、分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致,即不定式、分词作状语必须和句中主语含有逻辑上的主动或被动关系,否则一般不能使用不定式、分词作状语。
二、不定式作状语1.不定式作目的状语不定式作目的状语的情况较多,如果强调目的性时,不定式前还可加in order 或so as,构成“in order to do”或“so as to do”结构。
“in order to do”结构作目的状语时,可以放在句首也可以放在句中;“so as to do”结构只能放在句中。
“in order to do”和“so as to do”结构置于句中时,不能用逗号隔开。
英语非谓语动词知识点
英语非谓语动词知识点1) 总的概述:不定式作主语——具体的,一次性的To understandothers is hard.动名词作主语——一般的,经常性的Washing clothes is her daily job.分词不能作主语——分词有形/副的作用,但主语只能是带有名词意义的词2) 具体用法:动名词在句型里作主语的运用:i. It’s no good/ useless/ a waste of time/ a good pleasure + doi ng sth. (it’s+形容词/形容词性短语+doing)It’s a waste of time dating you.ii. It’s + adj. + 动名词It’s delighted playing.iii. There was/ is + no + doingThere is no standing still in this life.1) 不定式的逻辑主语不定式不能作自己的主语,但在意思上仍然有履行该动作的逻辑主语,其逻辑主语前总有“for/ of”的标志。
It’s foolish of you to stay away from your family.The hardest thing is for him to give up.She was sent there to be trained as a teacher.2) 动名词的逻辑主语当动名词的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致时,应在动名词前加上物主代词/名次属格来作其逻辑主语。
Your being curious almost hurt yourself.3) There be句型Of there beingHe spoke of there being a magnificent ranch.For / about there to beIt’s easy for there to be a gap between parents and children.1) 能接动名词作宾语的动词为防止危险-禁止犯罪-假设犯,应坦白/成认escape/ avoid-forbid- confess/ acknowledge/ admit男方推迟约会-女方介意,忍耐,原谅-再犯,放弃put off/delay-mind/tolerate/endure/excuse/pardon/forgive-give up提倡的建议-被民众喜欢/感激advocate/ suggest-enjoy/ appreciate2) 介词后只能接动名词Feel like doing sth.Be/ get used to doing sth.其他的都是介词+(in)doing sth.1) 能接不定式为宾语的动词往往差生-自愿参军-准备提出申请-等待同意tend-volunteer-prepare/ offer-agree渴望梦想-下定决心-做好计划/打算-尽力/设法去实现long-determine-plan/ aim-endeavor/manage未能拒绝要求-假装(做外表工作)fail/ refuse/ ask/ claim/ demand-pretend2) 连词except/ but与不定式except/but只能与不定式,不能与动名词连用We have no choicebut to wait.但假设前有do,那么except/but后也只能加do(前后一致)Iwould do anything for you except to be a missioner.1) 接动名词/不定式,意思都不变的动词喜欢一个人-憎恨麻烦-宁可不追求like/love-hate-prefer计划/试图创业-开始遇难-无法继续-停止告终intend/attempt-begin/start-continue-cease假设like/love/hate/prefer前有should/would,那么只能接不定式(本来would/should只能接动原,为让步,加带“to”的动原)Iwould like to have a drink.2) 接动名词/不定式,会改变本义的动词进程改变(to do未完成;doing正在做/做过了)记得-忘记-后悔-停止-继续remember/forget-regret-stop-go on意义改变当别人需要你时-尝试忍住不耐-设法去帮助他们need-try/ stand-mean/ helpTo do人设法做不忍心想要做帮助Doing物(主作被)试着做忍受意味着禁不止3) 在这些动词这,动名词作宾语,不定式作宾语补足语该俱乐部只允许有推荐信的人申请-假设无,那么禁止入内-建议呱permit/ allow-remend-forbid-adviseIdon’t allow you to go.My dad doesn’t allow smokingin our family.1) 分词作补语-现在分词~动作正在进行/状态;过去分词~被动Iheard someone knocking at the door.(就省去that和was了)She kept us waiting for 2 hours!Iheard the song sung.(用歌被唱表示人在唱歌)不定式作补语-还未完成Please remind me to take my medicine.我想要劝他去帮助1) Want/wish-后加(to be) doneIwant it finished today.2) 表示劝请/要求Teac h/ ask/ remind…表示劝请/要求的动词后都可以接sb. to do sth.Ididn’t ask you to do it for me.Hope/ agree/ suggest/demand/decide后不可加sb. to do sth. Hope/ agree/ suggest + thatDemand/ decide + to do3) 使役动词have/make/let后加不带to的不定式,但在动词为主语的被动语态时可接to doHe makes his son study.He was made to study.4) Help后加不加to都无所谓You got to help me to fix it.Idon’twant to help you fix it.现在分词-性质:It is exciting.过去分词-状态:The store is closed.Washing clothes is my daily task.在主系表句型中,假设主语局部有实义动词do的某种形式,那么作主语补足语的不定式既可以带to也可不带toThe last thing Iwant to do is (to) arguewith you.分词:Not obtaining a ticket for the match动名词:Not being tall不定式:Not to be tallThe racing horse = thehorse is racingA fallen leaf = a leaf that alreadyfallen.The buildingpleted before = the buildingwas pleted before. The washing machine= themachineis for washing.The meeting to be continued is on our top agenda.1) 分词-时间/原因/让步/条件/方式/伴随伴随:Iwas sad, wandering alone the river.原因:Being a good father, Ineed to work harder.条件:Given more time, Icould make it.2) 不定式-目的/结果/原因目的:To satisfymyself, Idecide to have a good meal.结果:Iwas too scareto ask him. / The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighboring country, only to be captured by the police each time.1) 分词的独立结构(修饰分句)假设分词修饰的主语与主句的主语不一致,那么分词要有自己的逻辑主语——逻辑主语+分词(可表时间/原因/伴随/条件/目的)The guest having departed, I laid on my bed and fall asleep. Time permitting, we should stay here a littlebit longer.Her son lost, she got crazy.2) 某些不加逻辑主语的分词短语的独立结构(修饰全句)总的/严格来说-假设这是判断题-该如何判断是否正确呢Generally/strictly speaking-provided/providing/suppose/ given-judgingfrom谈到未来的职业选择-考虑到我的兴趣-是在关于,包括语言方面的-既然是这样,所以我决定考研talking of-considering/ given-regarding/concerning-including-seeing that3) 不定式的独立结构To tell the truth; to be plain with you; to be brief; to be honest; to sum up; to cut a long story short; to say the least; to be sure; to begin with; not to mention; strangeto say; needless to say; to conclude(其实2和3这两个知识点都是一样的,分词和不定式的独立结构都是在修饰全句,而不是单单一个主语,因此我们可以把这些分词和不定式的独立结构看作一个固定搭配。
非谓语知识点总结高中
非谓语知识点总结高中在汉语语法中,非谓语是指不具备谓语功能的动词、形容词、副词的非独立使用形式,它不能单独在句子中担任谓语,而必须依附于别的词来表达意义,主要包括动词不定式、动名词和分词。
非谓语在句子中可以作定语、状语、宾语等。
一、动词不定式动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成,主要有三种用法:1. 作目的状语如:I went to the library to borrow some books.(我去图书馆借书。
)2. 作目的状语如:He is too young to drive.(他太年轻了,不能开车。
)3. 作宾语如:I like to play basketball.(我喜欢打篮球。
)二、动名词动名词是动词+ing构成的名词,主要有以下几种用法:1. 作主语如:Swimming is good exercise.(游泳是一种很好的锻炼。
)2. 作宾语如:She enjoys reading.(她喜欢阅读。
)3. 作宾语补足语如:I saw him crossing the street.(我看见他正在过马路。
)三、分词分词是动词的一种非谓语形式,主要有现在分词和过去分词两种形式。
分词主要有以下几种用法:1. 现在分词作状语如:Walking along the street, I found a wallet on the ground.(我沿着街走的时候,在地上发现了一个钱包。
)2. 现在分词作状语如:He heard a girl singing.(他听见一个女孩在唱歌。
)3. 过去分词作定语如:The broken window was replaced.(破碎的窗户被换掉。
)总之,非谓语作为一种重要的语法现象,在英语句子中具有广泛的应用,熟练掌握非谓语的用法对于提高英语语言水平是非常有帮助的。
高一非谓语动词知识点总结
高一非谓语动词知识点总结一、不定式(Infinitive)不定式有两种形式:带“to”的不定式(to + 动词原形)和不带“to”的不定式(动词原形)。
1. 用途:a) 作宾语:- I want to go to the cinema tonight.(作动词want的宾语) - She promised to help me with my homework.(作动词promised的宾语)b) 作主语或表语:- To travel around the world is my dream.(作主语)- His wish is to become a famous writer.(作表语)c) 作介词的宾语:- He is afraid to speak in public.(介词to的宾语)- We decided not to go swimming because of the bad weather.(介词to的宾语)d) 作定语:- The best way to learn a new language is to practice every day.(修饰名词way)e) 作状语:- She went home to rest after work.(修饰动词went)- He woke up early to catch the train. (修饰动词woke up)f) 与某些动词连用:- want to, decide to, need to, hope to, expect to, learn to, agree to, refuse to, plan to, etc.2. 特殊用法:a) 在被动语态中:- The book is easy to read.(作形容词easy的宾语)b) 用于情态动词后:- He can swim.(情态动词can后接动词原形)- She might come tomorrow.(情态动词might后接动词原形)二、动名词(Gerund)动名词是动词变名词的形式,以动词的ing形式作为名词使用。
非谓语法知识点总结
非谓语法知识点总结一、不定式1.不定式的构成不定式是动词的非限定性形式,它的构成通常是“to + 动词原形”。
例如:to go, to eat, to study等。
2.不定式的用法a.不定式可以在句子中作主语,例如:To learn a new language is not easy.b.不定式可以在句子中作宾语,例如:I want to go shopping.c.不定式可以在句子中作定语,例如:This is the book to read.d.不定式可以在句子中作状语,例如:I came here to see you.3.不定式的时态不定式的时态没有人称和数的变化,它是动词的原形,不受动词时态和语态的影响,例如:I like to read books. She wants to go shopping.4.不定式的被动语态不定式的被动语态构成为“to be + 动词过去分词”,例如:The room needs to be cleaned.5.不定式的完成时不定式的完成时形式为“to have + 过去分词”,例如:I am glad to have met you.6.不定式的否定形式不定式的否定形式可以通过在to前加not构成,“not to + 动词原形”,例如:I decided not to go.7.不定式的省略如果一个句子中有两个及以上的不定式,且它们的to是一样的,那么这个to就可以省略掉,例如:I want to go and see the movie.(I want to go and to see the movie.)二、动名词1.动名词的构成动名词是动词的一种特殊形式,名词化的动词,它的构成形式是动词原形+ing,例如:reading, writing, swimming等。
2.动名词的用法a.动名词可以在句子中作主语,例如:Swimming is my favorite sport.b.动名词可以在句子中作宾语,例如:I enjoy reading books.c.动名词可以在句子中作定语,例如:I saw a man running in the street.d.动名词可以在句子中作状语,例如:She left without saying goodbye.3.动名词的时态动名词的时态也是不受动词的时态和语态的限制,例如:I like swimming. She has been reading for an hour.4.动名词的被动语态动名词的被动语态构成为“being + 过去分词”,例如:Being loved by everyone makes her happy.5.动名词的否定形式动名词的否定形式是在-ing后面加not,例如:He avoids talking to her.6.动名词的所有格形式动名词的所有格形式是在-ing后面加‘s,例如:I don’t like his swimming in the pool.7.动名词与不定式的区别动名词和不定式在句子中有时候可以互换,但它们表示的含义和用法是有区别的。
高考英语语法——非谓语动词
高考英语语法之非谓语动词一. 基础知识1.定义非谓语动词就是在句子中不能单独作谓语(即做主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,补语)的动词,这样的动词没有人称和数的变化。
2.性质1)它可以有自己的宾语和状语。
He found it difficult to learn maths.I remembered being taken to New York when I was young.2)非谓语动词有时态和语态的变化。
Having suffered such heavy pollutionalready, it may now be too late to clean up the river.Being painted now, the house can’t be livedin.3.形式1)基本形式2)其他形式Doing有一般式和完成式;一般式的主动语态为doing,被动语态为being done,完成式的主动语态为havingdone,被动语态为having been doneTo do 有一般式,进行式和完成式;一般式的主动语态为to do,被动语态为to bedone,进行式只有主动语态,为to be doing,完成式的主动语态为tohave done,被动语态为to have been doneDone只有一般式的主动语态,为done4.句法功能Doing:主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,补语To do:主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,补语Done:表语,定语,状语,补语二。
非谓语动词的两种基本解题方法1)固定搭配优先原则若某一个词的固定用法限制了该非谓语动词的形式,则按固定用法解题Eg:I want (buy)a book.分析:因为该句没有关键词,所以为简单句,只有一个谓语动词,此处已有want,故buy应为非谓语,而此处有句型want to do sth,所以应填to buy。
2)找名词,判断关系Doing 表示主动,进行To do 表示主动,将要Done 表示被动,完成解题方法为,先往前看,找一个名词,然后判断该名词与该动词的关系,然后按这个关系解题。
非谓语动词知识点总结
非谓语动词知识点总结非谓语动词是指在句子中充当动词的形式,但不具备谓语的功能。
它可以作为动词、形容词或副词的补充,用来修饰主语或宾语。
非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词。
在英语中,非谓语动词的使用非常灵活,可以丰富句子结构,增强表达的准确性和流畅度。
一、动词不定式动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种形式,由“to + 动词原形”构成。
动词不定式可以作为主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语等,具有多种用法。
1. 动词不定式作主语动词不定式作主语时,常常放在句首,后面跟动词原形。
例如:To travel around the world is my dream.旅行世界是我的梦想。
2. 动词不定式作宾语动词不定式作宾语时,常常放在动词后面。
例如:I want to learn how to play the guitar.我想学习弹吉他。
3. 动词不定式作表语动词不定式作表语时,常常放在系动词后面。
例如:Her dream is to become a doctor.她的梦想是成为一名医生。
4. 动词不定式作定语动词不定式作定语时,常常放在名词前面,修饰名词。
例如:The best way to learn English is to practice every day.学习英语的最好方法是每天练习。
5. 动词不定式作状语动词不定式作状语时,常常放在句子后面,修饰整个句子。
例如:He woke up early to catch the train.他早起赶火车。
二、动名词动名词是非谓语动词的一种形式,它是动词加上-ing构成的名词。
动名词可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语等,具有多种用法。
1. 动名词作主语动名词作主语时,常常放在句首。
例如:Swimming is good for your health.游泳对健康有益。
2. 动名词作宾语动名词作宾语时,常常放在动词后面。
例如:I enjoy reading books in my free time.我喜欢在空闲时间读书。
英语非谓语动词知识点总结
英语非谓语动词知识点总结英语非谓语动词知识1不定式和动名词作主语的区别(1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作;而不定式作主语表示具体动作。
Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here.这里禁止抽烟。
(抽象)It is not very good for you to smoke so much.你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。
(具体)(2)动名词作主语时,通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。
不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。
Climbing mountains is interesting.爬山很有趣。
(经验)Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。
(经验)(3)不定式做主语,一般用it当形式主语,把作主语的不定式短语后置。
It took me only five minutes to finish the job.英语非谓语动词知识2不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别(1)不定式作表语1)不定式作表语一般表示具体动作,特别是表示将来的动作。
To do two things at a time is to do neither.一次做两件事等于未做。
What I would suggest is to start work at once.我的建议是立刻开始干。
2)如果主语是不定式(表示条件),表语也是不定式(表示结果)。
To see is to believe.百闻不如一见。
To work means to earn a living.工作就是为了生活。
3)如果主语是以aim, duty, hope, idea, happiness, job, plan,problem, purpose, thing, wish等为中心的名词,或以what引导的名词性从句,不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。
His wish is to buy a luxurious car in the near future.他的希望是在不远的将来买一辆豪华轿车。
最全的非谓语动词知识点总结
最全的非谓语动词知识点总结非谓语动词是指动词的非时态形式,它不具备时态和人称的变化。
常见的非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词。
下面是非谓语动词的最全知识点总结:1. 动词不定式(to-不定式):-用法:- 作主语:To travel is my dream.- 作宾语:I want to go home.- 作定语:This is a book to read.- 作状语:He studies hard to pass the exam.- 不定式的否定形式:not + 不定式- 不定式的完成形式:to have + 过去分词- 不定式的被动形式:to be + 过去分词2. 动名词(-ing 形式):-用法:- 作主语:Swimming is good exercise.- 作宾语:I enjoy reading books.- 作表语:His favorite activity is playing soccer.- 作定语:I have a writing assignment.- 作状语:She left, crying.- 动名词的否定形式:not + 动名词-动名词可以表示一些动作、状态或者习惯性的行为3.分词:- 现在分词(-ing 形式):-用法:- 作定语:The running water is cold.- 作状语:He left, whistling a tune.-合并式现在分词:在主语和系动词之间发生合并,形成一个合并式的形容词。
- The girl is crying. (合并式:The girl is crying.)- 过去分词(一般以 -ed 或 -en 结尾):-用法:- 作定语:A broken window needs to be fixed.- 作状语:I was tired, so I went to bed.-分词作定语时,与被修饰词之间具有被动、完成、被完成等被动意义。
高中英语 非谓语动词专题(共20张PPT)
非谓语动词常考点 1. 非谓语动词作定语 2.非谓语动词做状语 3.非谓语动词做宾补 4. with 的复合结构
The teacher sitting there are from other school. Swimming in summer, we can get cool. I want him to see you.
谓语与非谓语的比较练习: 1.He entered the room,____(hold) a book in his hand. 2.He entered the room, and ____(hold) a book in his hand. 3.I politely refused her invitation and ___(walk) away. 4.I politely refused her invitation , ___(walk) away. 5.A boy ___(call) Jack came here today. 6.A boy who ___(call) Jack came here today. 7.We enjoy the movie____(direct) by a famous artist. 8.We enjoy the movie which____(direct) by a famous artist. 9.When I ___(hear) the news, I was excited . 10.When ___(hear) the news, I was excited . 11. Unless I ____(invite),I won’t attend the party. 12. Unless ____(invite),I won’t attend the party.
高中英语最全非谓语动词基础讲解
非谓语动词非谓语动词与谓语动词(概念及含义)1.非谓语动词和谓语动词都是动词的某种形式在句子中做某种成分。
2.谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语,而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语。
3.一个简单句里只能有一个谓语动词,非谓语没有此限制。
4.谓语动词受主语的人称和数的限制(主谓一致),而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制。
非谓语的形式非谓语动词包含四种形式,即动名词、现在分词、过去分词和不定式。
其中,每种形式按照发生时间和主被动又包括不同的子形式。
一.非谓语动词在句子中的成分----7个1.动名词和动词不定式做主语动名词:Getting up early is a good habit.早起是一个好习惯。
动词不定式:To get up early is important for tomorrow’s test.早起对于明天的考试很重要。
2.动名词和动词不定式做宾语动名词:I like eating noodles. 我喜欢吃面条。
动词不定式:I like to eat noodles. 我喜欢吃面条。
3.动名词和动词不定式做同位语动名词:I got a job reading books for kids.我找到了一份工作,给小孩儿念书(听)。
Luckily Mr. Mandela remembered me and gave me a job taking tourists around myold prison on Robben island. 很幸运,曼德拉先生还记得我,并且给了我一份工作,带领游客参观我在罗德岛的监狱动词不定式:He got a chance to compete in the Olympics他得到了机会,去参加奥运会。
He has a wish to travel round the whole country.他有一个愿望,要去环游全国。
3.四种非谓语动词做表语1)动名词和动词不定式做表语动名词:My work is cleaning the yard every day. 我的工作是每天打扫院子。
高中英语非谓语知识点
高中英语非谓语知识点非谓语动词就是在句子中不能单独作谓语的动词,这样的动词没有人称和数的变化。
它包括动词的不定式、V-ing和V-ed三种形式。
非谓语动词具有双重性质,它既有动词性质,又有非动词性质。
下面小编给大家分享一些高中英语非谓语知识,希望能够帮助大家,欢迎阅读!高中英语非谓语知识1动词不定式动词不定式(infinitive)是动词的一种非限定形式,即非谓语动词形式,它有两种形式:一种是“to + 动词原形”构成(to- infinitive);另一种是不带to的不定式,即动词原形(bare- infinitive)。
所有行为动词都有不定式形式,其否定式是在不定式前加not。
动词不定式(或不定式短语)没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语。
(一)动词不定式的时态和语态动词不定式有一般式、进行式、完成式、完成进行式四种时态变化形式,一般式和完成式有被动语态变化形式。
1、不定式的时态意义不定式的时态是以句中谓语动词的时间为依据的(1)一般式表示的动作或状态通常发生在谓语动词之后或同时发生。
They made plans to live in Paris. 他们计划住在巴黎。
(to live 发生在 made plans之后)(2)进行式表示其动作正在进行,与谓语动词发生的动作同时进行。
He pretended to be listening to me carefully. 他假装认真地听我讲。
注意:不定式的进行式常同may, might, can, could, must, need, ought to, should, will, would 等情态动词连用,表示“可能、应当或想必”正在进行的动作。
You oughtn’t to be talking so much. 你不应该说这么多。
He might be reading a novel at that time. 那时他可能正在读小说。
非谓语动词-非谓语动词
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非谓语动词具有以下特征:
• 非谓语动词可以做主语、宾语等多种句子成分, 但唯独不能做谓语。
• 非谓语动词具有各种形态:原形、主动语态、被 动语态、进行时态和完成时态。
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非谓语动词在句中充当的成分
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不定式、动名词用作主语
1.直接作主语: Seeing is believing. Smoking is not a good habit. To see is to believe. To smoke here is dangerous. 2.用it作形式主语 It’s no use talking too much without doing
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非谓语动词的否定形式
• 所有非谓语动词的否定形式都是直接在其前面加 上not.
• 不定式的否定形式:not to do • 动名词的否定形式:not doing • 现在分词的否定形式:not doing • 过去分词的否定形式:not done
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1. Mrs. Smith warned her daughter ___A_____ after
anything. It’s no good smoking too much. It is very kind of you to say so. It’s not difficult for you to learn English grammar
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非谓语动词的基础知识非谓语动词,主要是包括动名词、动词不定式和过去分词。
其中,要明确的是,它们在句中不作谓语成分,动名词主要表示现在进行的动作,动词不定式主要表示将来要做的动作,而过去分词则表示一个被动意义。
1.My friend,Darren,is coming to visit us. I‘m looking forward()him.A. meetB. meetingC. to meetD. to meeting2.——Laura,we‘ve decided()on a trip this afternoon. Will you join us?——I‘m afraid not. I have a composition().A. to go;to writeB. to go;writingC. going;to writeD. going;writing3.We all love Miss Yang. She always makes her history class very().A. interestB. interestsC. interestingD. interested4.——Mum!The box is too heavy.——Do not worry. Let me ()it for you.A. carryB. carriesC. carryingD. to carry5.——Did you have anyone ()the goldfish?——Yes. I had the goldfish ().A. feed;feedB. to feed;fedC. feed;to be fedD. feed,fed6.——What did your sister say to you last night?——She asked me ()my father her secret.A. to tell meB. not to tellC. don’t tellD. not tell7. In order ()the world a friendly place,one must show a friendly face.A. makesB. makingC. to makeD. make8.——Linda,I am very thirsty.——Let‘s go to the nearest supermarket()some drink,OK?A. buyB. boughtC. to buyD. buying9.The light of this room was()dim(昏暗)for Tom()read last night.A. too;toB. enough;toC. too;not toD. so;that10.——Will you please show me how to do the role-play exercise?——Sure. Now let me tell you()first.A. which to doB. how to doC. when to doD. what to do11. It is very nice()pictures for me.A. of you to drawB. for you to drawC. for you drawingD. of you drawing答案及解析:1.D,look forward to 是固定短语,意为:期待。
To 是介词,后接动词的-ing形式,所以选D2.A,题意:“劳拉,我们已经决定今天下午去旅行,你愿意加入我们吗?”“恐怕不能,我还有一篇作文要写。
”此题考查动词不定式。
在动词want,hope,decide,wish,choose 等后常用动词不定式作宾语;表示一个尚未发生的动作(写作文)常用动词不定是作定语,故选A。
3.C,题意:我们都喜欢杨老师。
她总是使她的历史课很有趣。
Make后可以用不带to的不定式、形容词、过去分词等作补语。
本体修饰history class(物),故应用interesting(令人感兴趣的)。
Interested表示“(人)感兴趣的”。
4.A,题意:“妈妈,这个盒子太重了。
”“别担心,让我来帮你搬它。
”let 后面要跟不带to的动词不定是作宾语补足语。
(牢记)5.D,第一空前的宾语anyone与所选项是主动关系,用feed;第二空前的goldfish与所选项是被动关系(金鱼被喂),所以正确答案为D。
6.B,题意:“昨晚你姐姐和你说什么了”“他让我不要告诉父亲她的秘密。
”Ask后接to的不定时作补语;不定式的否定式在to 前加not.(基本上可以适用于所有后接动词不定式的否定形式)7.C,in order to“为了做……”是固定用法,动词不定式作目的状语。
8.C,本题考查动词不定式作目的状语的用法,意思是“我们去最近的超市买些饮料,好不好?”9.A,题意:昨晚这个房间里的光线太昏暗,汤姆无法读书。
Too…to…意为“太…以致不能…”。
Enough…to 表示“足够…可以…”;too…to…不与否定词not连用;so…that意为“如此…以致…”10.D,题意:“你愿意教我如何扮演角色吗?”“当然愿意。
现在让我告诉你首先怎么做。
”在“疑问词+to do”结构中,如果to do 后没用宾语,疑问词应为代词(即what、who、which等词)。
What 表示泛指,而which 表示在某范围内进行选择。
11.A,不定时复合结构of sb to do sth. 前的形容词用来说明人的特征;而for sb to do sth 前的形容词用来说明不定式动作的特点。
因为nice是用来说明人的,故应用of sb to do sth.练习1.1.We should practice()English as much as possible to learn it well.A. speakB. speaksC. speakingD. to speak2.Mother often warned his son()in the river alone.A. not to swimB. to not swimC. swim not toD. to swim not3. Just now I saw a group of boys()football on the playground.A. was playingB. playingC. had playedD. played4.——Xiao Fang,we decided()a picnic this weekend. Will you join us?——I am afraid not. I have a lot of homework().A. to have;to doB. to have;doingC. having;to doD. having;doing5.After a short break,I asked my mother()next.A. which to doB. what to doC. how to doD. where to do6. My father likes singing Beijing Operas. I often hear him()in his room.A. singB. to singC. singsD. sang7.My daughter enjoys()cartoons.A. watchB. watchesC. to watchD. watching8. It is raining,you‘d better()out now.A. don’t goB. not goC. not to goD. not going9.It is very important ()when we have an examination.A. of us to be carefulB. for us to be carefulC. of us being carefulD. for us being careful10. I offered the guests something().A. drinksB. drinkingC. drinkD. to drink11. Would you please()me to carry the box to my office?It‘s too heavy.A. helpB. helpingC. not helpD. not to help12. My washing machine doesn’t work. I must have it ().A. repairB. to repairC. repairingD. repaired13. We arrived the station()late()catch the train.A. too;toB. so;toC. much;toD. very;to14. The water is good ().A. to drink it.B. to drinkC. to be drunkD. drinking15.Will you please show me()the computer?A. how to useB. how to be usedC. where to useD. where to be used16. I think it impossible ()the work in such short time.A. to finishB. finishC. finishingD. finished17. The man is old enough()the army.A. to joinB. joiningC. joinD. joins18.His wish was()a pilot.A. becomeB. to becomeC. becomingD. became19. It was very late,but my mother still went on().A. to workB. workC. workedD. working20.He had to find a very small room().A. to liveB. livingC. to live inD. living in答案及解析:1.C,动词practise后用动名词做宾语,不接动词不定式。