人教版高中英语必修一Unit5NelsonMandelaamodernheroSectionⅢ

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高中英语学习材料
(灿若寒星*制作整理)
Unit 5Nelson Mandela—a modern hero
Section ⅢLearning about Language & Using Language
文本感知
阅读THE REST OF ELIAS' STORY,回答下列问题
1.What can we learn from Elias' story?
A.Mr Mandela was a great leader and was ready to help others.
B.Black people in South Africa lived a hard life.
C.Elias was a brave clever black man and he suffered a lot in his lifetime.
D.All of the above.
2.Why did Mr Mandela allow the prison guards to study too?
A.Because he needed the guards' help.
B.Because he thought the guards had their rights to study.
C.Because the guards were black people,too.
D.Because the guards could pass the exams.
3.After being released from prison,at first Elias ______.
A.had no difficulty in finding a job for he was better educated
B.couldn't find any job for having blown up the government buildings
C.continued his fighting for equal rights
D.begged for food and help from others
4.When Mr Mandela offered Elias the job of taking tourists around the prison,Elias ______. A.was very glad and proud to get the job
B.didn't accept it because of his sad experience there
C.accepted it after being encouraged by his family
D.didn't accept it because he had found a better one himself
答案:1.D 2.B 3.A 4.C
导学互动
1. ...never lost heart when he was in trouble.(P37)
……他处于困境时从不气馁。

lose heart 丧失信心;泄气
The team had won no games and they lost heart.
这支球队没赢过任何比赛,他们丧失了信心。

联想拓展
(1)lose one's heart to sb 爱上某人;钟情于某人
lose/put one's heart into sth 投入到;全力以赴
break one's heart 使人难过/心碎
learn sth by heart 记住;背诵
heart to heart 心连心,贴心地
heart and soul 全心全意地
He lost his heart to a peasant girl.
他爱上了一个农家女孩。

(2)lose face 丢脸
lose one's head 惊慌失措
lose one's way 迷路
lose one's patience 失去耐心
(1)完成句子
①____________(不要泄气)whatever happens to you.
②The old man ____________(偏爱)his little daughter.
(2)单项填空
①She said that we shouldn't ______ in time of difficulties and that we should be hopeful.
A.lose heart B.lose hearts
C.lose our hearts D.lose the heart
②The teacher required us to learn the whole text ______ heart,so I had to put my heart ______ it.
A.by;in B.from;on C.in;in D.by;into
2.It was a prison from which no one escaped.(P38)
那是一所任何人也逃不出去的监狱。

escape vi. 逃脱;逃走;泄露
Two prisoners have escaped from the prison.
两名犯人从监狱逃走了。

She was lucky to escape punishment.
=She was lucky to escape being punished.
她逃脱惩罚真是幸运。

Water is escaping from the pipe.
水正从管子里漏出。

联想拓展
escape one's notice/attention没注意到;逃过某人的注意
a narrow escape死里逃生
fire escape太平梯;安全出口
make one's escape 逃跑
There is no escaping...无法回避……
escaped adj. 逃跑的
(1)完成句子
①她设法从燃烧的汽车里逃了出来。

She managed to ________________________.
②为了逃脱惩罚他撒了谎。

________________________,he told a lie.
(2)单项填空
Mike often attempts to escape ______ whenever he breaks traffic regulations.
A.having been fined B.to have been fined
C.to be fined D.being fined
3.They were not cleverer than me,but they did pass their exams.(P38)
他们不比我聪明,但确实通过了考试。

not cleverer than不如……聪明(客观上比较)
This novel is not more interesting than that one.
这本小说不如那本有趣。

He is not taller than you.他不如你高。

比较:no+adj./adv.(比较级)+than 并不比……;和……一样不……(主观的感觉)
The maths problem is no more difficult than that one.
=The maths problem is as easy as that one.
这道数学题并不比那道题难(和那道题一样容易)。

The girl is no taller than I.
=The girl is as short as I.
那女孩并不比我高。

(和我一样矮)。

单项填空
①Though he started late,Mr Guo played the piano as well as,if ______,Miss Liu.
A.not better than B.not better
C.no better than D.no better
②You are ______ careful than your brother.You two can't do the work that needs care and skill.
A.not more B.no more
C.not less D.no less
4.Since I was better educated,I got a job working in an office.(P38)
因为我受过比较好的教育,我得到了一份坐办公室的工作。

educated adj. 受过教育的;有教养的
She is an educated woman;she didn't do like that.
她是个受过教育的女性,她不会那样做的。

She was well educated in literature at a university.
她在大学里受到良好的文学方面的教育。

vt. 教育;训练
Children should be educated to protect the environment.
应教育孩子保护环境。

We should educate students to respect the old and love the young.
我们应教育学生尊老爱幼。

知识归纳
educate sb about/on sth 让某人接受有关某方面的教育
educate sb to do sth 教育某人做某事
be educated at a college 受大学教育;上大学
联想拓展
well-educated 受过良好教育的
education n.教育;培养
educator n.教育工作者;教育家
educational adj.与教育有关的;有教育意义的
further education 深造
(1)用educate的适当形式填空
①They had worked hard to give their children a good ______ in the future.
②We should carry out the reform of the ______ system.
③My father is a(n)______,and he ______ us about the harm of playing too many computer games.
(2)单项填空
______ at college,he was an ______ person,and respected by people around.
A.Educating;educational B.To educate;educated
C.Educated;educated D.Being educated;educational
5.I did not work again for twenty years until Mr Mandela and the ANC came to power in 1994.(P38)
在曼德拉先生和非洲人民大会党1994年掌权之前,我有20年没有工作。

come to power当权;上台
Things have changed a lot since he came to power.
自从他上台以来,情况变化很大。

The government came to power two years ago.
=The government has been in power for two years.
本届政府已经执政两年了。

联想拓展
return to power 重新执政
take/seize/gain power 夺权
lose power 下台
beyond/out of one's power 力所不能及
within one's power 力所能及
in power 执政的
(1)介词填空
①When did the Party came ______ power and how long has it been ______ power?
②The president failed in the election ,but he hoped to returned ______ power four years later.
③Don't worry.We'll help you ______ our power.
(2)改写句子
I have no power to help you with the matter.
To help you with the matter ______ ______ ______ ______.
(3)单项填空
The present premire lost power in the election ,but he hoped to ______ power four years later.
A .return
B .come
C .return to
D .win
6.All that time my wife and children had to beg for food and...(P 38)
那时候我的妻子和孩子们不得不乞讨食物和……
beg vi .乞求;乞讨;请求
The boy begged his parents for forgiveness.
这男孩乞求父母的原谅。

The old man had to beg for food from door to door.
这位老人不得不挨家挨户乞讨。

They begged me not to tell the truth.
他们请求我不要说出事实真相。

联想拓展
(1)⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ beg for meals/food 讨饭beg sb to do sth 请求某人做某事
beg(sb) for forgiveness 请求(某人)原谅
(2)⎩
⎪⎨⎪⎧
beg a favour of sb 恳求某人帮忙beg(for)sth of sb 请求/恳求某人某事 (3)I beg your pardon.对不起,请再说一遍。

(4)beggar n. 乞丐
(1)介词填空
①The blind man begged ______ a living.
②I'm in trouble now ;Can I beg a favour ______ you?
(2)单项填空
①She begged not to ______ alone at night.Because she was afraid of darkness.
A .leave
B .left
C .be left
D .be leaving
②We are at your service.Don't ______ to turn to us if you have any further problems.
A .beg
B .hesitate
C .desire
D .seek
7.They said that the job and the pay from the new South African government were my reward...(P 38)
他们说,从南非新政府得到的这份工作和薪水是我的回报……
reward n .报酬;奖金
She got nothing in reward for her kindness.
她的好心没有得到一点回报。

A reward of $10,000 was offered for catching the escaped criminal.
悬赏1万美元奖金捉拿那个逃犯。

vt.酬劳;奖赏
How can I reward your kindness?
我怎样才能报答你的恩情呢?
联想拓展
as a reward for 作为对……的报酬/奖赏
in reward 作为报答;作为奖赏
in reward for=in return for 作为对……的报答(奖赏)
reward sb for(doing)sth 因(做)某事奖赏某人
reward sb with sth 用某物奖赏(酬谢)某人
词汇辨析
reward 多指对某人的帮助、工作或服务等报答、回报或酬谢。

award 多指用来奖励在工作中取得成就或成绩突出的人,重在强调荣誉而不在于奖品的大小或奖金的多少。

prize 多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽奖中所获得的奖项、奖赏。

这种奖赏有凭能力获得,也有凭运气获得。

(1)介词填空
①The mother rewarded her son ______ an MP4 ______ his excellent study.
②The government offered the scientist ¥5,000,000 ______ reward for his great contributions.
③Our English teacher got a new car ______ a reward for his good teaching.
(2)用reward,award,prize填空
①She won a(n) ______in the 100-metre race.
②We will offer a(n) ______of ten thousand dollars for information about the case.
③The Olympic winner received a gold medal as a(n)______.
(3)单项填空
①She started singing to the baby and was ______ with a smile.
A.given B.offered C.rewarded D.congratulated
②Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize for Literature,getting a(n) ______ of 7,500,000 yuan.
A.prize B.reward C.award D.honour
8.set up law office to...(P39)建立律师事务所来……
set up 设立;建立;搭起
They decided to set up a fund for this purpose.
他们决定为这个目的建立一个基金。

The local government will set up a hope primary school in the poor area.
当地政府将在这一贫困地区建一所希望小学。

The soldiers set up hundreds of tents for the earthquake-stricken people in Yushu.
战士们为玉树灾民搭建了数百顶帐篷。

联想拓展
set aside留下;把……置于一边
set down写下;记下
set out动身;出发;开始;陈述
set to(about)着手;开始
set off出发;动身;引爆;引发
短语辨析
put up 意为“举起(手);搭起或建起(房屋、帐篷等);张贴(布告、通知)”等。

set up 除表示搭起建筑物外,还可用于表示创建组织、机构、政党、团体等。

(1)介副词填空
①A working party has been set ______ to look into the problem.
②Please set ______ your English books;let's have Chinese class.
③He set ______ his name and address in the note-book.
④The soldier set ______ the bomb in the place.
⑤He is setting ______ for Beijing on business tomorrow.
(2)单项填空
①For all these years I have been working for others.I'm hoping I'll ______ my own business some day.
A.turn up B.fix up C.set up D.make up
②Armed with the information you have gathered,you can ______ preparing your business plan.
A.set out B.set about C.set off D.set up
9.sentenced to five years'...(P39)被判处五年……
sentence v.判决;宣判;判刑
The judge sentenced the prisoner to five years' hard labour.
法官判决那名犯人五年劳役。

He was sentenced to death for murder.
他因为谋杀被判死刑。

He was sentenced to pay a fine of 500 yuan for drunk driving.
他因醉酒驾驶被判罚款500元。

联想拓展
sentence sb to life imprisonment判某人终身监禁
under sentence of death被判处死刑
serve one's sentence服刑
pass/pronounce sentence on sb 宣布对某人的判决
单项填空
①He was sentenced ______ two years ______ prison by the judge.
A.to;to B.for;into C.to;in D.in;into
②Since this is the first time you have broken the law,you will be given a light ______.
A.prison B.judgement C.sentence D.case
答案:1.(1)①Don't lose heart②loses his heart to
(2)①A提示:句意:她说在遇到困难时我们不应该气馁,我们应满怀信心。

lose heart“泄气,气馁”。

②D提示:learn sth by heart“背诵”;put one's heart into sth “对……全力以赴”。

2.(1)①escape from the burning car
②To escape punishment(being punished)
(2)D提示:escape“逃脱(避)”后接名词或动词-ing形式,不接不定式。

fine是及物动词,意为“罚款”,此处应为被动。

3.①A提示:if not better than表示“如果不比……好的话”,此处为if条件句的省略,即if he didn't play better than Miss Liu。

②B提示:由题干后面的“You two can't do the work that needs care and skill”这一信息可知,此处应为“no more...than...”,即:你和你哥哥一样粗心大意,相当于“as careless as”。

但此题容易误选A项。

4.(1)①education②educational③educator;educates
(2)C提示:第一空中educated是过去分词作状语;第二空中educated是形容词,意为“有教养的,受过教育的”。

5.(1)①to;in②to③within
(2)is beyond my power
(3)C提示:句意:现任总理在这次选举中失去了政权,但他希望四年后重新执政。

come to power“上台,当权”;return to power“重新执政”。

6.(1)①for②of
(2)①C提示:句意:她乞求晚上不要把她独自一人留在家里,因为她害怕黑暗。

此处应该是“被留在家里”,即为不定式的被动语态。

②B提示:句意:我们随时为你服务,如果还有什么问题,你可以毫不犹豫地向我们求助。

beg“乞求”;hesitate“犹豫”;desire“渴望”;seek“寻求”。

7.(1)①with;for②in③as
(2)①prize②reward③award
(3)①C提示:句意:她开始给孩子唱歌,孩子则回报以微笑。

give和offer不与with 这一介词连用,congratulate与on连用。

故应为be rewarded with“报以……;获得……的回报”。

②B提示:句意:莫言获得了诺贝尔文学奖,得到了750万元奖金。

prize“奖项”;reward“奖赏,奖金,报酬”;award“奖品”。

由句意可知,此处应为B项。

8.(1)①up②aside③down④off⑤out(off)
(2)①C提示:set up one's own business “创建自己的事业”。

②B提示:考查动词短语。

句意:有了你积累的这些信息,你可以开始着手准备你的经营计划了。

set out“着手,开始”,后面接动词不定式;set about“开始做某事”,后面接动词-ing形式;set off“出发,动身”;set up“建立,创立,竖立”。

9.①C提示:be sentenced to...in prison by sb 被某人宣判……
②C提示:句意为:因为这是你第一次犯法,你可能会得到轻判。

a light sentence“轻判”。

提示:用最精炼的语言把你当堂掌握的核心知识的精华部分和基本技能的要领部分写下来并进行识记。

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